SSC GD Constable Previous Year Paper (Held on: 18th February 2019 Shift 2)

A + and ×

Given expression: 25 + 25 × 25 − 25 ÷ 25 = −599

After replacing the symbols, we get:

L.H.S = 25 × 25 + 25 − 25 ÷ 25

= 625 + 25 – 1

= 650 – 1

= 649 ≠ R.H.S

B × and ÷

Given expression: 25 + 25 × 25 − 25 ÷ 25 = −599

After replacing the symbols, we get:

L.H.S = 25 + 25 ÷ 25 − 25 × 25

= 25 + 1 - 625

= 26 – 625

= -599 = R.H.S

C – and ×

Given expression: 25 + 25 × 25 − 25 ÷ 25 = −599

After replacing the symbols, we get:

L.H.S = 25 + 25 - 25 × 25 ÷ 25

= 25 + 25 – 25

= 25 ≠ R.H.S

D – and ÷

Given expression: 25 + 25 × 25 − 25 ÷ 25 = −599

After replacing the symbols, we get:

L.H.S = 25 + 25 × 25 ÷ 25 - 25

= 25 + 25 – 25

= 25 ≠ R.H.S

Hence, ‘× and ÷’ is the correct answer.

The least possible venn diagram is:

Conclusions:

I. Some ammonia are manure. → True (as some manure are ammonia given so some ammonia are mature so it is definitely true)

II. Some potash are ammonia. → True (as some ammonia are potash given so some potash are ammonia it is definitely true)

Hence, "Both conclusions follow" is the correct answer.

Additional Information

The logic is:

Ichthyology : Fishes → Ichthyology is the branch of Zoology that deals with fishes.

Similarly,

Hematology : ? → Hematology is the science or study of blood.

Hence, ‘Blood’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Famous : Renowned → Famous is synonym of Renowned.

Similarly,

Ban : ? → Ban is synonym of Prohibition.

Hence, ‘Prohibition’ is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is:

First number × (sum of digits of 1st number) = 2nd number.

36 : 324 → 36 × (3 + 6) = 324

Similarly,

11 : ? → 11 × (1 + 1) = 22

=> ? = 22

Hence, ‘22’ is the correct answer.

1. Seven friends O, P, Q, R, S, T and U are watching a movie sitting in a row.
2. P is sitting at one extreme end.
3. Q is sitting to the immediate left of S.
4. P is sitting second to the right of T.
5. U is not sitting at any extreme end.
6. O is sitting between R and T.

The arrangement will be as shown below:

So, Q is sitting at the extreme left end. 

Hence, ‘Q’ is the correct answer.

The figure from amongst the four alternatives that when placed in the blank space (?) of figure X will complete the pattern when rotation is not allowed, is shown below:

Hence, ‘option B’ is the correct answer.

The pattern that will appear when the transparent sheet is folded along the dotted line is shown below:

Hence, ‘option B’ is the correct answer.

1. Eight friends A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting around circular table facing each other for a lunch. 2. A is opposite D and third to the right of B.
2. G is between A and F.
3. H is to the right of A.
4. E is between C and D.

The arrangement will be as shown below:

So, H is sitting opposite B.

Hence, ‘H’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Hence, ‘103’ is the correct answer.

All numbers except ‘97’ are multiples of 13.

Hence, ‘97’ is the odd one out.

The option that would follow next in the given figure series is shown below:

The figure is moving in 45° anti-clockwise direction.

So, the next figure will be option B.

Hence, ‘option B’ is the correct answer.

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between Paragraph, Word, and Sentence is shown below:

Words makes a sentence and sentences makes a paragraph.

Hence, ‘option B’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Similarly,

Hence, ‘GFNBD’ is the correct answer.

1. J, K L, M, N and are six teachers.
2. Each one teaches a different subject out of Hindi, English, Math, Science, Social Science and Arts, not necessarily in the same order.
3. Each of them teaches on only one day, from Monday to Saturday not necessarily in the same order.
4. J teaches Science on Wednesday.
5. O teaches Math second after J.
6. K teaches on the first day of the week, but teaches neither Hindi nor English.
7. M teaches English before N and L teaches Arts before J.

Hindi can be placed only in N’s row, so N teaches Hindi on Saturday.

Only Social Science is left, which will be placed in the only vacant position, i.e, in the row of K.

The final arrangement is:

So, ‘Hindi’ is taught on Saturday.

Hence, ‘Hindi’ is the correct answer.

All options except ‘Kidney’ are external organs, while ‘Kidney’ is an internal organ.

Hence, ‘Kidney’ is the odd one out.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Similarly,

Hence, ‘20’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Hence, ‘KLJ’ is the correct answer.

The option that most closely resembles the mirror image of the given figure is shown below:

Hence, ‘option A’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

1. KJL → K + J + L = 11 + 10 + 12 = 33

2. FIL → F + I + L = 6 + 9 + 12 = 27

3) GIK → 7 + 9 + 11 = 27

4. DKL → 4 + 11 + 12 = 27

The place value of all options except ‘KJL’ sums to 27.

Hence, ‘KJL’ is the odd one out.

The logic is:

Hence, ‘-18’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Hence, ‘50’ is the correct answer.

The answer figure in which the given question figure is hidden is shown below:

Hence, ‘option B’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

ABOVE → ABEOV

Letters are arranged in order as they appear in the general alphabetical series.

Similarly,

QUESTION → EINOQSTU

Hence, ‘EINOQSTU’ is the correct answer.

NOTE:

In general, When the numbers of letters are not the same then the logic of crisscross shifting of letters are not applicable. ABOVE = 5 letters and QUESTION = 8 letters. When no logic comes to mind then check the alphabetical order logic as it frequently appears in exams.

Concept:

• Meaning of "Some A are B" in Syllogism - there is at least one point in A which is in B.
• Meaning of "All A are B" in Syllogism - each point of A is in B.
• This explains why "some" can be considered as a subset of "all".
• Therefore, if "All A are B" is true, then "some A are B" is always true.

The least possible Venn diagram is:

I. Some snakes are toads. → True (as "all toads are frogs and all frogs are snakes" so some snakes are toads it is definite, hence, true)

II. Some frogs are toads. → True (as all toads are frongs given so some frogs are toads it is definite, hence, true)

Hence, "Both conclusions follow" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Flagella.

Important Points

• Protist cells may contain a single nucleus or many nuclei.
• Most protists are microscopic, ranging from a few micrometers to several millimeters in size. Some multicellular algae, such as kelp, can grow to be very large, with some species of the brown algae (Phaeophyceae), like the giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera), reaching lengths of more than 30 meters (almost 100 feet)
• Most protists are motile and generate movement with cilia, flagella, or pseudopodia.
• A paramecium wave hair-like appendages called cilia.
• An amoeba uses lobe-like pseudopodia to anchor itself to a solid surface and pull itself forward.
• Euglena uses a whip-like tail called a flagellum.

​

Key Points

• Chimera is a single organism composed of cells with more than one distinct genotype.
• Human has two different sets of DNAs are called human chimeras.

The correct answer is Jawaharlal Nehru.

• "The Discovery of India" was written by India's first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.

Important Points

The correct answer is 90 days.

• Most of the time, debt is classified as nonperforming when loan payments have not been made for a period of 90 days (Standard period).
• A nonperforming asset is a debt obligation where the borrower has not made any previously agreed-upon interest and principal repayments to the designated lender for an extended period of time.
• A loan can be classified as a nonperforming asset at any point during the term of the loan or at its maturity.

Important Points

• Type of non-performing asset:
• The most common nonperforming assets are term loans.
• Overdraft and cash credit (OD/CC) accounts were left out-of-order for more than 90 days.
• Agricultural advances interest or principal instalment payments remain overdue for two crop/harvest seasons for short duration crops or overdue one crop season for long duration crops.
• Banks are recording Non-Performing Assets (NPA) in three categories: sub-standard assets, doubtful assets, and loss assets.
• A sub-standard asset is an asset classified as an NPA for less than 12 months.
• A doubtful asset is an asset that has been non-performing for more than 12 months.
• Loss assets are loans with losses identified by the bank, auditor, or inspector that need to be fully written off.

The correct answer is Mahatma Gandhi.

• Mahatma Gandhi said “Sanitation is more important than political independence,” while leading a non-violent movement for India’s independence in 1947.
• Gandhi spoke that slogan about the need to improve hygiene and cleanliness in the country.
• Mahatma Gandhi said, “I will not let anyone walk through my mind with their dirty feet.”

Important Points

• Rajagopalachari was the last Governor-General of India till 1950.
• He was also known as CR, Mango of Krishnagiri, Rajaji.
• Mahatma called Rajaji the ‘keeper of my conscience’.
• India's first Prime Minister was Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
• He also India's longest-serving prime minister (15-Aug-1947 to 27-May-1964).
• His birthday anniversary is celebrated as 'Children's Day' in India (14 November). He is also known as Chacha Nehru.
• Books are written by him: The Discovery of India, Letters from a Father to his Daughter, Glimpses of World History, etc.
• Subhas Chandra Bose (Netaji) (23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945) is known for his role in India's independence movement.
• He was born on 23rd January 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa Division, Bengal Province, to Prabhavati Dutt Bose and Janakinath Bose.
• He earned the title ‘Netaji’, in Germany by the Indian soldiers of the Azad Hind Fauj In 1942.
• His very famous slogan is, “Give me blood, and I shall give you freedom!” as well as “Jai Hind”.
• He was elected the President of the All India Youth Congress and also the Secretary of Bengal State Congress.
• He formed the All India Forward Block.
• He is said to have died in 1945 when his plane crashed in Taiwan. However, there are still many conspiracy theories regarding his death.

The correct answer is fiscal deficit.

• Fiscal deficit = Total expenditure – Total receipts excluding borrowings.
• It is the amount of borrowing the government has to resort to meet its expenses.
• A large deficit means a large amount of borrowing.

Important Points

• There are three different types of deficit in a budget depending upon the types of receipts and expenditure we take into consideration.
• Revenue deficit.
• Fiscal deficit.
• Primary deficit.
• Revenue deficit = Total revenue expenditure – Total revenue receipts.
• It is an excess of total revenue expenditure of the government over its total revenue receipts.
• In another way, the shortfall of total revenue receipts compared to total revenue expenditure.
• Primary deficit = Fiscal deficit – Interest payments.
• It is defined as the fiscal deficit of current year minus interest payments on previous borrowings.
• Deficit financing is the budgetary situation where expenditure is higher than the revenue.
• It is a practice adopted for financing the excess expenditure with outside resources.

Key Points

• Budget deficit = total expenditure – total receipts.
• Monetized Fiscal Deficit = that part of the fiscal deficit covered by borrowing from the RBI.

The correct answer is fold.

Key Points

• It is a very common type of mountain, mostly the largest mountain range is folded mountains and formed over millions of years.
• Fold mountains are formed when two plates collide head-on, and their edges crumbled, much the same way as a piece of paper folds when pushed together.
• The upward folds are known as anticlines, and the downward folds are synclines.
• Example: Himalayan Mountains in Asia, the Alps in Europe, the Andes in South America, the Rockies in North America, the Urals in Russia.

Important Points

The correct answer is Assam.

Important Points

The correct answer is 1896.

Important Points

• The first modern Olympics was held in Athens, Greece in the 1896 Summer Olympics.
• Baron Pierre de Coubertin started the modern Olympics.
• He is known as the father of the modern Olympics.

Key Points

• The Olympic flag has a white background, with five interlaced rings in the centre: blue, yellow, black, green, and red.
• Each colour corresponds to a particular continent: blue for Europe, yellow for Asia, black for Africa, green for Australia and Oceania, and red for the Americas.
• The Olympic motto “Citius, Altius, Fortius” (“Faster, Higher, Stronger”) was coined by Father Henri Didon.
• Only three modern Olympic Games have been cancelled.
• The games were cancelled due to World War I (1916) and World War II (1940, 1944).
• The youngest Olympian is Greek gymnast Dimitrios Loundras, who competed in the 1896 Athens Olympics at the age of 10.

The correct answer is Ashok Chakra.

Key Points

Ashok Chakra:

• Ashok Chakra is the highest peacetime gallantry award followed by Kirti Chakra and Shaurya Chakra.
• It is awarded for valour, courageous action, or self-sacrifice away from the battlefield.
• It was first awarded in 1952 to flight lieutenant Suhas Biswas.
• It is the peacetime equivalent to Param Vir Chakra.

Additional Information

Vir Chakra:

• Vir Chakra is an Indian gallantry award third in precedence in the wartime gallantry awards after Param Vir Chakra and Mahavir Chakra.
• It is awarded for acts of gallantry in the presence of the Enemy whether on land or at sea or in the air.
• It was first awarded to Brigadier Harbaksh Singh In 1948. ​

​

Param Vir Chakra:

• Param Vir Chakra is India's highest military decoration awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valour during wartime.
• It is the greatest of the ultimate Brave foremost conspicuous bravery in the presence of the enemy.
• It was first awarded to Major Somnath Sharma in 1947.

Kirti Chakra:

• The Kirti Chakra is an Indian military decoration awarded for valour, courageous action, or self-sacrifice during peacetime.
• It is the peacetime equivalent of the Maha Vir Chakra and it comes after Ashoka Chakra and before Shaurya Chakra.
• It may be awarded to civilians as well as military personnel, including posthumous awards.

The correct answer is 1946.

• On 9 December 1946, The Constituent Assembly met for the first time in New Delhi in the Constitution Hall which is now known as the Central Hall of Parliament House.

Important Points

• The Constitution of India was framed by a Constituent Assembly set up under the Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946.
• The first elected Provisional President was Dr Sachhidanand Sinha.
• M.N Roy gave the idea of a constitution first.
• 284 members of the Constituent Assembly signed the Indian Constitution at the Constitution Hall, on 24 January 1950.
• Dr Rajendra Prasad first signed the Constitution of India.
• The Father of the Indian Constitution is Dr B.R Ambedkar.

​

Additional Information

• The Constituent Assembly:
• ​The Constituent Assembly took almost three years (two years, eleven months, and eighteen days to be precise) to complete its historic task of drafting the Constitution for Independent India.
• During this period, it held eleven sessions covering a total of 165 days.
• Of these, 114 days were spent on the consideration of the Draft Constitution.
• As to its composition, members were chosen by indirect election by the members of the Provincial Legislative Assemblies.
• According to the scheme recommended by the Cabinet Mission. The arrangement was:
• 292 members were elected through the Provincial Legislative Assemblies;
• 93 members represented the Indian Princely States; and
• 4 members represented the Chief Commissioners' Provinces.
• The total membership of the Assembly thus was to be 389.
• However, as a result of the partition under the Mountbatten Plan of 3 June 1947, a separate Constituent Assembly was set up for Pakistan.
• As a result, the membership of the Assembly was reduced to 299.

opyright © Bloombe

The correct answer is Oxidation.

• In this situation, copper reacts with oxygen in presence of air and formed copper oxide.
• Reaction equation: 2Cu(s) + O₂ (g) = 2CuO (s).

Important Points  

The correct answer is Narmada.

Important Points

The correct answer is Poles.

Important Points

• The ozone layer is a natural layer of gas in the upper atmosphere that protects humans and other living things from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.
• The ozone layer is typically thicker over the poles than over the equator.
• The ozone layer exists in the stratosphere, a layer 10 to 50 km above the Earth’s surface.
• The reasons for ozone depletion are a wide range of industrial and consumer applications, mainly refrigerators, air conditioners (hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)), and fire extinguishers.
• Ozone depletion is greatest at the South Pole (Antarctica).

Key Points

• This severe depletion creates the so-called “ozone hole”.
• The Negative Effects of the ozone hole are certain types of skin cancers, eye cataracts, and immune deficiency disorders.
• UV rays also affect plant growth, reducing agricultural productivity.
• The international community established the Montreal Protocol on ozone-depleting substances in 1987, to address the destruction of the ozone layer.

The correct answer is MDR-TB.

Key Points

• Bedaquiline is used specifically to treat MDR-TB patients.
• MDR-TB stands for Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. In this specific type of TB, the patient is resistant to the common drugs that are used to treat TB.
• The most common medications used to treat tuberculosis are Isoniazid, Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane), Ethambutol (Myambutol), Pyrazinamide.
• Bedaquiline was discovered by a team led by Koen Andries at Janssen Pharmaceutica.

Important Points

The correct answer is Football.

Key Points

• Durand Cup is associated with the game of Football.
• The Tournament is the oldest football tournament in Asia and third oldest in the world.

Important Points

The correct answer is Kerala.

• The pokkalli variety of rice is known for its saltwater resistance and flourishes in the rice paddies of coastal Alappuzha, Ernakulam, and Thrissur districts of Kerala.

Key Points

• Vyttila-11 varieties of pokkalli seedlings were brought from Kerala.
• It has a Geographical Indication (GI) tag.
• Other GI Tag Registered Varieties from Kerala: Kaipad, Wayanad Jeerakasala, Wayanad Gandhakasala, Palakkadan Matta and Navara.
• The Kuttanad below-sea level farming system has been recognized by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS).
• Other two recognised GIAHS sites in India: Pampore Saffron Heritage of Kashmir, Koraput Traditional Agriculture of Odisha.

The correct answer is it was inspired by the Vaishnavite traditions.

Important Points

• Kangra painting is one of the schools of Pahari paintings along with Guler, Basholi, Mandi, Chamba, and Bilaspur.
• It is a watercolour on cloth or paper.
• The colours of these paintings are soft colours including cool blues and greens, and lyrical treatment of themes are embedded.
• The name 'Kangra' is given to this group of paintings because they are identical in style to the portraits of Raja Sansar Chand of Kangra.
• It was inspired by the Vaishnavite traditions.
• The Kangra style of painting is known for its poetic and lyrical composition, with stress on beauty and delicateness in its composition.
• The female figures are beautifully painted with a focus on facial features.
• The detailing of the painting and its minuteness is noteworthy. Some of the popular themes are Gita Govinda, Nala- Damyanti, Bhagavata Purana, Radha – Krishna, Bihari Satsai, Baramasa, and Raagmala.

The correct answer is Tansen.

• This raga was a wonderful creation by Sangeet Samrat Miya Tansen and it was created in the sixteenth-century.
• Miyan Ki Malhar is a monsoon raga, popularly used for invoking and embracing rain to drench the earth and to welcome the monsoon.
• Tansen was born Hindu and spent much of his life composing devotional scores.
• He was ordered to join Mughal court at the age of sixty, one of the Navaratnas (nine jewels) of Emperor Akbar's court.

Important Points

• Mirabai was known for the incomparable beauty of the poems and bhajans she composed and sang in devotion to her beloved god, Krishna.
• Pandit Jasraj (28 January 1930 – 17 August 2020) was an Indian classical vocalist and Musician.
• Pandit Jasraj was associated with the Mewati Gharana of music.
• Amir Khusro (1254-1325) was a scholar poet and musicologist of rare talent in the court of Allauddin Khilji.
• He is credited with the introduction of entirely new forms and styles in Hindustani music, which are still in practice today.
• He also creates many ragas, instruments, and vocal forms.

Key Points

• Gharana in Hindustani music of India. It is a community of performers who share a distinctive musical style that traces to a particular instructor or region or ancestry.

The correct answer is Vaishnavism.

Important Points

• Andal is a lady Alvar bhakti Saint.
• Andal is the only female Alvar among the 12 Alvar saints of South India.
• Her great creation among Tamil works like Thiruppavai and Nachiar Tirumozhi.
• She is known for her unwavering devotion to Lord Vishnu.

The correct answer is 1950.

Important Points

• The Planning Commission was replaced by the NITI Aayog.
• It was established on 15 March 1950, with Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru as the chairman.
• Planning Commission Functions:
• Formulate and draft a Plan for the most balanced and effective usage of the country’s resources.
• Make and define the stages of an evaluation of the capital, material, and human resources of the nation, including technical personnel, and study the possibilities of enhancing these resources for building up the nation.
• Determine and indicate the factors that the kind of machinery required for obtaining the successful execution of each stage of the Plan in all its aspects.

Key Points

• The first Five-year Plan was launched in 1951.
• The present Chairman of NITI Aayog – Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

The correct answer is the Unitary System.

Important Points

• There are lots of features of the Constitution, like Secular State, Federalism, Parliamentary Government, Fundamental Rights, and many more by the Government of India Act 1935.
• Fundamental Rights borrowed from the American Constitution.
• Directive Principles borrowed from the Irish Constitution.

Key Points

• At present, the Constitution of India contains 470 Articles in 25 Parts and 12 Schedules.
• 42nd Constitutional Amendment is called 'Mini Constitution'.
• The idea of ​​'concurrent list' in the Indian constitution is taken from the Constitution of Australia.

The correct answer is Isolation.

Important Points

• Eukaryotic cells contain collections of proteins that function as a unit called organelles.
• Some of these organelles are surrounded by a membrane similar in structure to the cell membrane but with a different composition of protein and phospholipid.
• Membrane-bound organelles offer several advantages to eukaryotic cells.
• It isolates enzymes and reactants in a smaller volume, thereby increasing the rate and efficiency of chemical reactions.

The correct answer is Kushana.

Important Points

• Gandhara attained its height from the 1st century to the 5th century under the Buddhist Kushan Kings.
• A unique style of Buddhist sculpture called Gandhara art developed in ancient times in the Gandhara region of the Indian subcontinent.
• This art and culture associated with the Greco-Roman style of art.
• Gandhara art is also known as the Graeco-Buddhist School of art.
• Grey Sandstone was used in the Gandhara School of Art for making images.

Key Points

• Taxila was a famous site of Gandhara art.
• Ancient Taxila was historically referred to as Takshashila in Sanskrit, and Takkasila in Pali.
• The Gandhara grave culture is also called Swat culture.
• Bamiyan Buddha is an example of the Gandhara School of Art.
• The Standing Buddha’s of Sravasti, Sarnath, and Kausambhi belongs to Mathura School of Arts.
• 4 hand gestures of Buddha were depicted from the Gandhara School of Art.
• In the Amravati school of art white marble is used and the themes were: Buddha’s life and Jatakas tales and the curly hairs of Buddha are a feature that is influenced by the Greeks.

The correct answer is the Central Statistics Office.

• The Central Statistics Office (CSO), under the Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation, is responsible for calculating the GDP of India, macroeconomic data gathering, and statistical record keeping.
• The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the primary indicators used to gauge the health of a country's economy.
• GDP can be calculated by using three methods, the supply or production method, the income method, and the demand or expenditure.

Important Points

• Ministry of Finance under the government of India, is concerned with the economy of India. Serving as the treasury department of India.
• R. K. Shanmukham Chetty was the first Finance Minister of independent India.
• It formed on 29 October 1946.
• The present Minister is Nirmala Sitharaman.
• RBI is the central banking institution, which controls the monetary policy of the Indian rupee, fully owned by the Government of India.
• It was established on 1st April 1935 in Kolkata but nationalized on 1st January 1949.
• RBI consists of Governor, 4 Deputy Governors, 2 Finance Ministry representatives.
• The First Governor of RBI was Sir Osborne Smith (1935 – 1937).
• The First Indian Governor of RBI was CD Deshmukh (1943 – 1949).
• The only Prime Minister who was the Governor of RBI was Manmohan Singh (1982 – 1985).
• The First women deputy Governor of RBI was KJ Udeshi.
• The present Governor is Shaktikanta Das.
• The Chief Economic Adviser (CEA) is one of the bodies of Government of India, head of the Economic Division of the Department of Economic Affairs.
• The key roles of India’s chief economic advisor are to determine the government’s overall strategy in managing the economy.
• CEA advises the Government of India on matters related to finance, commerce, trade, economy and directly report to the Minister of Finance.

The correct answer is Arunachal Pradesh.

• According to Census 2011, Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest population density.

Important Points

Key Points

• Population Density of India's state as per census 2011:
• Highest: NCT of Delhi (11320).
• 2nd Position: Chandigarh (9258).
• **3rd position: Puducherry (2547).**​​

Given:

A sum of Rs.4000 is lent on simple interest at the rate of 10% per annum

P= 4000

R = 10%

Formula used:

S.I = (P × N × R)/100

Calculation:

S.I for 5 years = (4000 × 5 × 10)/100 = 2000

S.I for 3 years = (4000 × 3 × 10)/100 = 1200

⇒ Difference between S.I for 5 years  and S.I for 3 years = 2000 - 1200 = 800

∴ Simple interest for 5 years is 800 more than the simple interest for 3 years.

Concept:

Average number of students per college enrolled in course B2 = Total number of students enrolled in course B2/Number of Colleges

Calculation:

Total number of students enrolled in course B2 = 56 + 58 + 54 + 52 + 60 = 280

Number of Colleges = 5

∴ Average number of students per college enrolled in course B2 = 280/5 = 56

Given:

M.P = 8840

Discount = 35%

Formula used:

Selling Price, S.P = Marked Price, M.P - Discount

Calculation:

M.P = 8840

Discount = 35% of M.P 

⇒ (35/100) × 8840 = 3094

S.P = M. P - Discount

⇒ S.P = 8840 - 3094 = 5746

∴ Selling Price of the article = ₹ 5746

Given:

Product of HCF and LCM of two numbers = 216

One of the numbers = 12

Concept:

Product of the numbers = HCF × LCM

Calculation:

Let the numbers to be found be N

12 × N = 216

⇒ N = 216/12 = 18

The two numbers are 12 and 18

∴ The Ratio of these two numbers = 12 : 18 = 2 : 3

Given:

Three cubes each of sides 7 cm are joined end to end

Concept:

When 3 cubes of same side are joined end to end, the resulting solid will be a cuboid

Formula used:

Surface area of Cuboid = 2 × ((l × b) + (l × h) + (b × h))

Calculation:

Length of the Cuboid, l = 7 + 7 + 7 = 21 cm

Breadth of the Cuboid, b = Same as the side of the given Cube = 7 cm

Height of the Cuboid, h = Same as the side of the given Cube = 7 cm

Now,

Surface area of Cuboid = 2 × ((l × b) + (l × h) + (b × h))

⇒ S.A = 2 × ((21 × 7) + (21 × 7) + (7 × 7))

⇒ S.A = 2 × (147 + 147 + 49) = 686

∴  The surface area of the resulting solid = 686 cm²

Concept:

BODMAS Rule: According to BODMAS rule, if an expression contains brackets ((), {}, []) we have first to solve or simplify the bracket followed by 'order' (that means powers and roots, etc.), then division, multiplication, addition and subtraction from left to right

Calculation:

[100/50 - 25 - 55 of ((1/3) × (11/9))

⇒ [100/50 - 25 - 55 × (11/27)]

⇒ (2 - 25 - 605/27)

⇒ (54 - 675 - 605)/27

⇒ -1226/27

Given:

14 observations are 10,11,11,12,13,14,12,13,10,12,12,14,14 and 15

Concept:

Median is the middle element of a sorted list of numbers if there are odd number of elements. If number of elements are even, Median will be the average of the middle two elements

Explanation:

If we sort the numbers in Ascending order,

10,10,11,11,12,12,12,12,13,13,14,14,14,15

Here, number of elements = 14, Even

Two Middle elements are 12,12

∴ Median = (12 + 12)/2 = 12

Given:

40% of a number is 105 more than the one-fourth of that number

Calculation:

Let the number be X

40% of a number is 105 more than the one-fourth of that number

⇒ (40/100) × X = (X/4) + 105

⇒ (2/5) × X = (X + 420)/4

⇒ 8X = 5X + (5 × 420)

⇒ 3X = 2100

∴ X = 700

Now,

35% of the number = (35/100) × 700

⇒ 35% of the number = 245

∴ The difference between the number and 35% of the number = 700 - 245 = 455

Shortcut Trick

40% of a number -  one-fourth of that number(25%) = 105

⇒ 15% = 105     .....(i)

difference between the number(100%) and 35% of the number = 100% - 35% = 65%

using (i) we have 

65% = 60% + 5% = (105 × 4 + 105/3) = 420 + 35 = 455

Given:

Anil, Dinesh and Deepak together can complete a work in 40 days

Anil and Dinesh together can complete the same work in 50 days

Formula used: 

Number of days = Total work/1 day work

Calculation:

Let x, y, and z represents Anil, Dinesh, and Deepak respectively

x + y + z → 40 days

x + y → 50 days

Total work = LCM (40, 50) = 200 unit

∴ (x + y + z)'s 1 day work = 200/40 = 5 unit

And, (x + y)'s 1 day work = 200/50 = 4 unit

⇒ z's 1 day work = 5 - 4 = 1 unit

∴ Number of days z alone can complete the same work = 200/1 = 200 days

Number of days Deepak alone can complete the same work = 200 days

Given:

P alone can complete a work in 16 days

Q alone can complete the same work in 20 days

P and Q start the work together but Q leaves the work 7 days before the completion of work

Formula used:

Number of days = Total work/1 day's work

Calculation:

P → 16 days

Q → 20 days

Total work = LCM (20, 16) = 80 unit

1 day work of P = 80/16 = 5 unit

1 day work of Q = 80/20 = 4 unit

Now,

P and Q start the work together but Q leaves the work 7 days before the completion of work

(P + Q)'s one day's work = 5 + 4 = 9 unit

Let number of days to complete the Total work be x

⇒ (9 × (x - 7)) + (5 × 7) = 80

⇒ (9x - 63) + 35 = 80

⇒ 9x = 108

∴ x= 108/9 = 12

In 12 days the total work will be completed.

According to the question,

P and Q start the work together but Q leaves the work 7 days before the completion of work

Q work complete in 7 days = 4 × 7 = 28 unit

It means 28 unit work by P

Total work done by P and Q

⇒ Total work/efficiency per day both

⇒ (80 + 28)/(5 + 4)

⇒ 108/9 = 12 days

∴ In 12 days the total work will be completed.

Given:

A solid toy is in the form of hemisphere surmounted by right circular cone

Height of the cone is 4 cm and diameter of the base is 6 cm

Concept:

Surface area of the Toy = Surface area of Cone + Surface area of base of Hemisphere

Formula used:

Surface area of Cone =  π × r × l

Where, l = Slant height of the cone = √ (r² + h²)

The surface area of the Hemisphere = 2π × r²

Total surface area of thee toy, 

A = π × r × l +  2π × r2

Calculation:

Height of the cone, h = 4 cm

Diameter of the base = 6 cm

∴ Radius of the base = 6/2 = 3 cm

Now,

l = √ (32 + 42) = 5 cm

A = π × 3 × 5 +  2π × 32

A = 33π 

A = 33 × 22/7

 A = 33 × 22/7

A = 726/7 cm²

∴ The surface area of the toy = 726/7 cm²

Given:

30% of x is same as 40% of y 

Calculation:

(30x/100) = (40y/100)

⇒ 3x = 4y

∴ x/y = 4/3

⇒ x : y = 4 : 3

∴ y : x = 3 : 4

Given:

A : B : C = 3 : 4 : 5

After 4 months B withdrew his 50% share and C withdrew his 20% share 4 months prior to completion of the year

Total Profit = 31000

Concept:

Invested amount and Period for investment gets multiplied to get the Profit ratio

Calculation:

Let the shares of A, B, and C be 3x, 4x, and 5x respectively

Total share of A = 3x × 12 = 36x

Total share of B = (4x × 4 ) + (2x × 8) = 16x + 16x = 32x

The total share of C

5x for 8 month & 5x (1 - 20/100) = 4x for 4 month 

= (5x × 8) + (4x × 4) = 40x + 16x = 56x

∴ Profit ratio = 36 : 32 : 56 = 9 : 8 : 14

⇒ Share of A in the profit = (9/31) × 31000 = 9000

Shortcut Trick

Difference in Average Income = 40,000 − 20,000 = 20,000

Since both averages involve Q, the difference in Total Income is simply the difference in averages multiplied by 2.

Difference (R − P) = 2 × 20,000 = 40,000

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 40,000.

Alternate Method

Given:

Average income of P and Q = Rs. 20,000

Average income of Q and R = Rs. 40,000

Formula Used:

Total Sum = Average × Number of observations

Calculations:

⇒ P + Q = 2 × 20,000 = 40,000 ... (Equation 1)

⇒ Q + R = 2 × 40,000 = 80,000 ... (Equation 2)

⇒ Subtracting Equation 1 from Equation 2:

⇒ (Q + R) − (P + Q) = 80,000 − 40,000

⇒ Q + R − P − Q = 40,000

⇒ R − P = 40,000

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 40,000.

Additional Information

Average Concept

The average of n numbers is the sum of the numbers divided by n. Sum = Average × n.

Weighted Average

When two groups with averages A₁ and A₂ and sizes n₁ and n₂ are combined, the new average is (n₁A₁ + n₂A₂) ÷ (n₁ + n₂).

Linear Equations in Averages

In problems involving overlapping variables (like Q in this case), subtracting the total sums directly eliminates the common variable.

Given:

Profit for 1^st Article = 10%

S.P of 1^st Article = 1100

Loss for 2^nd Article = 10%

S.P of 2^nd Article = 900

Formula used:

If an article is sold at a profit of a%, then:

SP = [(100 + a)/100] × CP

Also, if an article is sold at a loss of b%, then:

SP = [(100 – b)/100] × CP

Calculation:

So, CP of the first article = 1100/[(100 + 10)/100]

⇒ CP of the first article = 1100/1.1 = 1000

Similarly,

CP of the second article = 900/[(100 – 10)/100]

⇒ CP of the first article = 900/0.9 = 1000

Hence, the total CP of the two articles = 1000 + 1000 = 2000

Also, the total SP of the two articles = 1100 + 900 = 2000

Hence, SP = CP

∴ There is no profit no loss in the overall transaction

Total SP =  1100 + 900 = 2000

Total CP = 1100 × 100/110 + 900 × 100/90

Total CP = 2000 

CP = SP

∴ No loss no profit in the overall transaction

Shortcut Trick

Age of new man = Age of replaced man + (Total number of men × Increase in average)

⇒ Age of new man = 32 + (42 × 1)

⇒ Age of new man = 32 + 42 = 74 years.

∴ The correct answer is 74 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Age of the man replaced = 32 years

Total number of men = 42

Increase in average age = 1 year

Let the initial average age of 42 men be A.

⇒ Total initial age = 42 × A

When a 32-year-old man is replaced by a new man (say age N), the new average age becomes (A + 1).

⇒ New total age = 42 × (A + 1) = 42A + 42

Also, New total age = (Total initial age − 32) + N

⇒ 42A + 42 = 42A − 32 + N

⇒ 42 = N − 32

⇒ N = 42 + 32

⇒ N = 74 years

∴ The correct answer is 74 years.

Additional Information

Replacement Formula

When one member of a group is replaced, the age of the new member = Age of replaced member + (Number of members × Change in average). Use (+) for increase and (−) for decrease.

General Average Definition

Average = (Sum of all observations) ÷ (Total number of observations). This is the fundamental basis for solving all mean-based problems.

Effect of Constant Addition

If each observation in a data set is increased by a constant value 'k', then the average also increases by the same constant 'k'.

Given:

Speed = 17.5 m/s

Time = 26 hours

Concept:

1 m/s = (18/5) km/hr

Formula used:

Distance = Speed × Time

Calculation:

Speed = 17.5 m/s = 17.5 × (18/5) = 63 km/hr

Time = 26 hours

∴ Distance = 63 × 26 = 1638 km

Given:

Suraj covers a distance of 18 km in 12 minutes

His speed decreases by 30 km/hr

Concept:

Speed should be converted from km/hr to km/min  

Formula used:

Time = Distance/Speed

Calculation:

Suraj covers a distance of 18 km in 12 minutes

⇒ Speed of Suraj = 18/12 = 1.5 km/min

His speed decreases by 30 km/hr

⇒ 30 km/hr = 30/60 = 0.5 km/min

On decreasing the speed, 

New speed = 1.5 - 0.5 = 1 km/min

Time = Distance/Speed

⇒ Time = 18/1 = 18 minutes

To cover the same distance after decreasing the speed by 30 km/hr, Suraj will take 18 minutes

Given:

₹ 785 in the denomination of ₹ 2, ₹ 5 and ₹ 10 coins

The coins are in the ratio of 6 : 9 : 10

Calculation:

Let the number of coins of ₹ 2, ₹ 5 and ₹ 10 be 6x, 9x, and 10x respectively

⇒ (2 × 6x) + (5 × 9x) + (10 × 10x) = 785

⇒ 157x = 785

∴ x = 5

Number of coins of ₹ 5 = 9x = 9 × 5 = 45

∴ 45 coins of ₹ 5 are in the bag

Concept:

Follow the BODMAS rule as given below:

Calculation:

28 ÷ (11 – 4) + 384 ÷ (15 + 16 ÷ 4 + 4) = ?

⇒ 28 ÷ 7 + 384 ÷ (15 + 4 + 4) = ?

⇒ $\frac{4}{1}$ + $\frac{384}{23}$ = ?

⇒ $\frac{92 +384}{23}$= ?

⇒ $\frac{476}{23}$= ?

∴ The value of ? is $\frac{476}{23}$.

Given:

Purchased glasses at the rate of Rs.15 per glass

Sold glasses at the rate of Rs.12 per glass

Number of glasses sold = 42

Concept:

If Selling Price is less than Cost Price, then there will be Loss

Formula used:

Loss = C.P - S.P

Loss% = (Loss/C.P) × 100

Calculation:

Rate of glass while purchasing = Rs.15 per glass

Cost Price for 42 glasses, C.P = 42 × 15 = Rs.630

Rate of glass while selling = Rs.12 per glass

Selling Price for 42 glasses, S.P = 42 × 12 = Rs.504

Loss = 630 - 504 = 126

∴ Loss% = (126/630) × 100 = 20%

.

Given:

From solid cylinder with base diameter 14 cm and height 20 cm hemispherical parts were cut from both the ends of the cylinder

Concept:

Volume of the Resultant object = Volume of Cylinder - (2 × Volume of Hemispherical parts)

Formula used:

Volume of Cylinder = π × r² × h

Volume of Hemisphere = (2/3) × π × r³

Calculation:

Base diameter = 14 cm

⇒ Radius = 14/2 = 7 cm

Height of Cylinder = 20 cm

Now,

Volume of the Resultant object = π × r2 × h - (2 × (2/3) × π × r³)

⇒ π × 7² × 20 - ( 2 × (2/3) × π × 7³)

⇒ 980π - 1372π /3

⇒ (2940π -1372π)/3 = 1568π/3

⇒ (1568 × (22/7))/3 = 4928/3

∴ Volume of the Resultant object = 4928/3 cm³

Concept:

Calculating the Total number of students in each college from the given table, and then average number of students

Calculation:

Total number of students of College C1 = 65 + 56 + 65 + 103 = 289

∴ Average number of students of College C1 = 289/4 = 72.25

Total number of students of College C2 = 68 + 58 + 71 + 112 = 309

∴ Average number of students of College C2 = 309/4 = 77.25

Total number of students of College C3 = 72 + 54 + 88 + 125 = 339

∴ Average number of students of College C3 = 339/4 = 84.75

Total number of students of College C4 = 76 + 52 + 75 + 120 = 323

∴ Average number of students of College C4 = 323/4 = 80.75

Total number of students of College C5 = 69 + 60 + 79 + 126 = 334

∴ Average number of students of College C5 = 334/4 = 83.5

College C3 has the highest average number of students per course

Concept:

Calculating the Total marks of student S1 and S4, and then average

Calculation:

Total marks of student S1 = 98 + 60 + 85 + 75 + 92 = 410

Average marks of student S1 = 410/5 = 82

 Total marks of student S4 = 96 + 62 + 70 + 80 + 90 = 398

Average marks of student S4 = 398/5 = 79.6

Now,

The difference in average marks of students S1 and S4 = 82 - 79.6 = 2.4

Shortcut Trick

For 1 year compounded half-yearly, the number of periods (n) = 2 and rate (r) = 25 ÷ 2 = 12.5% = 1/8.

The difference between CI and SI for 2 periods is given by: Difference = P × (r/100)².

⇒ 4375 = P × (1/8)²

⇒ 4375 = P × (1/64)

⇒ P = 4375 × 64 = 280000.

∴ The correct answer is ₹ 280000.

Alternate Method

Given: Rate (R) = 25% per annum, Time (T) = 1 year, Difference (CI − SI) = ₹ 4375.

Formula Used: SI = PRT/100 | CI = P[(1 + r/100)ⁿ − 1]

⇒ Simple Interest (SI) = (P × 25 × 1) ÷ 100 = 0.25P

⇒ For Compound Interest (half-yearly), Rate (r) = 25 ÷ 2 = 12.5% and n = 2.

⇒ CI = P[(1 + 12.5/100)² − 1] = P[(1 + 1/8)² − 1]

⇒ CI = P[(9/8)² − 1] = P[81/64 − 1] = 17P/64

⇒ Difference = CI − SI = 17P/64 − 0.25P

⇒ 4375 = (17P − 16P) ÷ 64 = P/64

⇒ P = 4375 × 64 = 280000

∴ The correct answer is ₹ 280000.

Additional Information

Compound Interest Half-Yearly

When interest is compounded half-yearly, the annual rate is divided by 2 (R/2) and the time period is multiplied by 2 (2T).

SI vs CI Difference Formula

For 2 years (or 2 compounding periods), the difference is P(r/100)². For 3 periods, it is P(r/100)² × (3 + r/100).

Effective Rate of Interest

The effective rate for two successive periods of r% is calculated as (r + r + r²/100)%.

The correct answer is - To miss an opportunity.

Key Points

• The highlighted idiom, 'To miss the boat' means fail to take advantage of an opportunity.
• Example: There were tickets available for the match until last week, but you missed the boat by waiting until today.
• So, 'To miss an opportunity' is the correct solution. 
  

Additional Information

• The given idiom “missed the boat” was used literally and is believed to have originated from British English sea slang.
• As such, the saying referred to arriving too late to take a scheduled voyage by boat as this was the main form of transportation in former times.

​

• हाइलाइट किया गया मुहावरा, 'To miss the boat' का अर्थ है एक अवसर का लाभ उठाने में असफल होना।
• Example: There were tickets available for the match until last week, but you missed the boat by waiting until today.
• तो, 'To miss the opportunity' सही समाधान है।
• माना जाता है कि दिए गए मुहावरे **'**To miss the boat' की उत्पत्ति ब्रिटिश अंग्रेजी समुद्री कठबोली से हुई थी।
• नाव से एक निर्धारित यात्रा करने के लिए बहुत देर से पहुंचने के लिए दिए गए मुहावरे का प्रयोग किया जाता है क्योंकि यह पूर्व समय में परिवहन का मुख्य रूप था।

The correct answer is 'Agreeable'.

Key Points

• The given word 'Contrary' means perversely inclined to disagree or to do the opposite of what is expected or desired.
• In option 2, the word 'Agreeable' means willing to agree to something.(किसी बात पर सहमत होने को तैयार)
• So,  'Agreeable' is the correct antonym of the given word. 
  

Additional Information

• Let us know the meanings of other given words:
• Predetermined - established or decided in advance.(पहले से स्थापित या तय किया हुआ।)
• Balanced - keeping or showing a balance; in good proportions.(संतुलन रखना या दिखाना; अच्छे अनुपात में.)
• Neutral - not supporting or helping either side in a conflict, disagreement, etc.; impartial.(किसी संघर्ष, असहमति में किसी भी पक्ष का समर्थन या मदद नहीं करना)

The correct answer is 'attractions'.

Key Points

• Context of the sentence: The given sentence talks about India's Republic Day parade which had an all-women’s marching contingent along with all other things.
• In option 4, the word 'attractions' means the action or power of evoking interest in or liking for someone or something.
• Here, the parade had things which evoked interests among the spectators.
• So, 'attractions' is the most appropriate word to fill in the blank.
  

Additional Information

• Let us know the meanings of other given words:
• Displays - put (something) in a prominent place in order that it may readily be seen.
• Spectacle - a visually striking performance or display.
• Demonstrations - an act of showing that something exists or is true by giving proof or evidence.
  

So the correct sentence is - India’s Republic Day Parade had, among the main attractions, an all-women’s marching contingent.

The correct answer is you shall have taken.

Key Points

• In the sentence, 'shall' is incorrect
• 'Shall' is used for future tense but the sentence is in the past tense.
• 'Should' is the past tense of 'Shall'.
• The correct word must be 'should'.

Hint

• In error-type questions, we first look for grammatical errors if any and then vocabulary based errors.
  

​

Additional Information

• Whenever 'Having' is used as a subject, past participle of the verb follows it.
• 'Begun' is the past participle of the verb 'begin' and 'began' is the past tense of the same verb. 
  

​So the correct sentence is - Having worked for the whole day, you should have taken some rest and begun again.

The correct answer is I answered the questions as best as I could.

Key Points

• The sentence says the interview was held that means it was in past.
• So, he also would have answered the interview in the past.
• 'Answer' is in the present tense so it is incorrect. 'Answered' will be the correct word.
• So, 'I answered the questions as best as I could' is the correct solution.

Hint

• In error-type questions, we first look for grammatical errors if any and then vocabulary based errors.
• We look at the tense of the whole sentence and see if all the verbs are in the correct tense. 
  

So the correct sentence is - In the interview held recently, I answered the questions as best as I could.

The correct answer is that all species makes.

Key Points

• In the sentence, 'makes' is incorrect.
• Here, 'species' is plural so the verb must also be plural.
• 'makes' is singular so it is wrong.
• 'make' is plural which is the correct usage.

Hint

• In error-type questions, we first look for grammatical errors if any and then vocabulary based errors.

Additional Information

• In subject-verb agreement, if the subject is plural then the verb will also be plural and vice-versa.

So, the correct sentence is - The researchers have found that all species make a constructive contribution to the ecology of the earth.

The correct answer is 'Pedagogy'.

Key Points

• The given words are: 'The method and practice of teaching',
• In option 3, the word 'Pedagogy' means the method and practice of teaching, especially as an academic subject or theoretical concept.
• So,  'Pedagogy' is the word which means the same as the group of words given.
  

Additional Information

• Let us know the meanings of other given words:
• Psychology - the scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behaviour in a given context.
• Methodology - a system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.
• Philosophy - the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline.

The correct answer is I have been working in Mumbai since 2016.

Key Points

• The sentence says that his work in Mumbai is mentioned in his resume.
• It says he is working in Mumbai since 2016. So, the sentence is in the present perfect tense.
• The present perfect tense is used to express a past event that has present consequences.
• 'have' and 'has' are used in the present perfect tense. 'been' will be used because 'am' is mentioned.
• So, 'I have been working in Mumbai since 2016' is the correct solution.

Hint

• In error-type questions, we first look for grammatical errors if any and then vocabulary based errors.
• We look at the tense of the whole sentence and see if all the verbs are in the correct tense. 
  

So the correct sentence is - As you can see from my resume, I have been working in Mumbai since 2016.

The correct answer is functioning for the State.

Key Points

• In the sentence, 'functioning for' is incorrect.
• Here, the preposition 'for' is used for saying who or what is intended to receive something or get the benefit of it.
• The preposition 'of' means belonging to somebody; or relating to somebody.
• In the sentence, parliamentary democracy is related to the State. So, 'of' must be the correct preposition.
• So, 'functioning of the State' is the correct solution.

Hint

• In error-type questions, we first look for grammatical errors if any, and then vocabulary-based errors.
• We look at the tense of the whole sentence and see if all the verbs are in the correct tense. 
  

So the correct sentence is - One could argue that these are the compulsions of parliamentary democracy for the smooth functioning of the State.

The correct answer is 'Anchor'.

Key Points

• The given words are: 'A person who presents a radio/television programme',
• In option 4, the word 'Anchor' means present and coordinate (a television or radio programme).
• So,  'Anchor' is the word which means the same as the group of words given.
  

Additional Information

• Let us know the meanings of other given words:
• Alchemist - a person who transforms or creates something through a seemingly magical process.
• Reporter - a person who reports, especially one employed to report news or conduct interviews for the press or broadcasting media.
• Anarchist - political philosophy and movement that is sceptical of authority and rejects all involuntary, coercive forms of hierarchy.

The correct answer is 'Bureaucracy'.

Key Points

• Out of the given options, only 'Bureaucracy' is correctly spelt.
• 'Bureaucracy' means a system of government in which most of the important decisions are taken by state officials rather than by elected representatives.
• So, 'Bureaucracy' is the correctly spelt word. 
  

Hint

• Use the elimination method and try to eliminate the options.
• For elimination, search for the easiest word which is known to you and eliminate the wrong options with the help of that word.

The correct answer is 'Lessen'.

Key Points

• The given word 'Mitigate' means make (something bad) less severe, serious, or painful. ((कुछ बुरा) कम गंभीर, गंभीर या दर्दनाक बनाना)
• In option 3, the word 'Lessen' means to shrink in size, number, or degree. (आकार, संख्या या डिग्री में सिकुड़ना)
• So,  'Lessen' is the correct synonym of the given word. 
  

Additional Information

• Let us know the meanings of other given words:
• Improve - make or become better. (सुधारें)
• Excuse - seek to lessen the blame attaching to (a fault or offence); try to justify. (दोष कम करने की कोशिश)
• Moderate - kept or keeping within reasonable or proper limits; not extreme. (उचित सीमा के भीतर रखा हुआ; चरम नहीं)

The correct answer is 'Diligent​'.

Key Points

• The given word 'Industrious' means diligent and hard-working. (मेहनती)
• In option 3, the word 'Diligent' means having or showing care and conscientiousness in one's work or duties.
• So,  'Diligent' is the correct synonym of the given word. 
  

Additional Information

• Let us know the meanings of other given words:
• Prompt - encourage (a hesitating speaker) to say something. (कुछ कहने के लिए प्रोत्साहित (एक झिझकने वाला वक्ता) करना)
• Fruitful - 

producing good or helpful results; productive. (अच्छे या सहायक परिणाम उत्पन्न करना; उत्पादक)

• Practical - of or concerned with the actual doing or use of something rather than with theory and ideas. (सिद्धांत और विचारों के बजाय किसी चीज़ के वास्तविक करने या उपयोग से संबंधित)

The correct answer is No improvement.

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the underlined segment is grammatically correct.
• So, no improvement is needed.
• The verb forms of the verb "overflow" are- "Overflow", "Overflowed", "Overflowed"
• Hence, the given sentence is absolutely correct we don't need any changes.
  

Hint

• Use the elimination method and try to eliminate the options.
• For elimination, search for the easiest word which is known to you and eliminate the wrong options with the help of that word.

The correct answer is 'except​'.

Key Points

• Context of the sentence: They were asked not to worry about anything but not sure about his commitment to the work.
• Here, they are not sure about his commitment so they don't want to include it.
• In option 4,  'except'  means not including; other than.
• So,  'except' is the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.

Additional Information

• Let us know the meanings of other given words:
• access - the means or opportunity to approach or enter a place.
• accept - consent to receive or undertake (something offered).
• expect - regard (something) as likely to happen.
  

So the correct sentence is - We need not worry about anything except his commitment to the work he is assigned.

The correct answer is 'Stressed'.

Key Points

• The given word 'Serene' means calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.
• In option 4, the word 'Stressed' means experiencing mental or emotional strain or tension.
• So,  'Stressed' is the correct antonym of the given word. 
  

Additional Information

• Let us know the meanings of other given words:
• Splendid - magnificent; very impressive.
• Superb - very good; excellent.
• Showy - having a striking appearance or style, typically by being excessively bright, colourful, or ostentatious.

The correct answer is 'hopes​'.

Key Points

• Context of the sentence: Here it is said that an individual keeps his fingers crossed because he expects best to happen.
• Here, he has a feeling that if he crossed his fingers, best will happen.
• In option 3,  'hopes'  means a feeling of expectation and desire for a particular thing to happen.
• So,  'hopes' is the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
  

Additional Information

• Let us know the meanings of other given words:
• reacts - act in response to something; respond in a particular way.
• suspects - have an idea or impression of the existence, presence, or truth of (something) without certain proof.
• responds - say something in reply.
  

So the correct sentence is - If an individual keeps his fingers crossed he hopes for the best.