The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below :-

Conclusions:

I. All boys are drivers → False (As No boy is an engineer and No engineer is a driver so, All boys are drivers is false)

II. No girl is an engineer → True (As All girls are boys and No boy is an engineer so, No girl is an engineer is true)

∴ Here, Only conclusion II is true.

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion II follows".

The logic followed here is :-

Sum of alphabet positional values × 2.

• ALARMING is coded as 150.

• = (1 + 12 + 1 + 18 + 13 + 9 + 14 + 7) × 2

• = 75 × 2

• = 150

Similarly,

• FLOATER will be coded as :

• = (6 + 12 + 15 + 1 + 20 + 5 + 18) × 2

• = 77 × 2

• = 154

Hence, the correct answer is "154".

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is :-

• APRIL is written as ÷×βα@.

and,

• MARCH is written as €÷β©∞.

Similarly,

• PARAM will be written as :

Hence, the correct answer is "×÷β÷€".

Given :- D _ _ S H T _ _ R I S H _ _ D R I _ _ T I D R I S _ _ .

By checking options and substituting accordingly.

1) RDIITISHHT → D R D S H T I - I R I S H T I - D R I S H T I - D R I S H T.

2) RDIISHTIHT → D R D S H T I - I R I S H S H - D R I T I T I - D R I S H T.

3) RIIDTISHHT → D R I S H T I - D R I S H T I - D R I S H T I - D R I S H T.

4) RITIDTSHHT → D R I S H T T - I R I S H D T - D R I S H T I - D R I S HT

• Option (3) gives the pattern of D R I S H T I - D R I S H T I - D R I S H T I - D R I S H T.

Hence, the correct answer is "RIIDTISHHT".

Six girls A, B, C, D, E and F stand in two vertical lines; all girls face the north. three girls are there in each line.

1) A is immediately ahead of D and E is immediately behind D.

2) F is to the left of A.

3) C is just ahead of B.

∴ Here, B, E are two girls stands in last position of lines.

Hence, the correct answer is "B, E".

The logic follows here is :-

Second number = (First number × (First number ÷ 2)) - (First number ÷ 2)

16 : 120

• = (16 × (16 ÷ 2)) - (16 ÷ 2)
• = (16 × 8) - 8
• = 128 - 8
• = 120

And, 

22 : 231

• = (22 × (22 ÷ 2)) - (22 ÷ 2)
• = (22 × 11) - 11
• = 242 - 11
• = 231

Similarly, 

18 : ?

• = (18 × (18 ÷ 2)) - (18 ÷ 2)
• = (18 × 9) - 9
• = 162 - 9
• = 153

Hence, the correct answer is "153".

The correct mirror image of the given combination when the mirror is placed to its right side is as shown below :

• The line PQ is the mirror.
• The word "4253ef" ends with "f". So the mirror image will start with "

" ⇒ Option 2 and 4 are eliminated.

• The word "4253ef" has second last alphabet "e". So the mirror image should be "

" ⇒ Option 3 is eliminated.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is :-

HOST : FMQR

Similarly,

• DRON : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "BPML".

Anupama, Bavya, Chahal, Dilip, Sourab, Varun and Govind are sitting in a circle, facing the centre and playing cards.

1) Varun is to the immediate right of Anupama. 

2) Sourab is the neighbour of Anupama and Dilip.

3) Govind is not between Varun and Chahal.

4) Bavya is to the immediate right of Varun.

1. Govind, Dilip → These two pair of people are sitting adjacent to each other.

2) Bavya, Anupama → These two pair of people are not sitting adjacent to each other. Bavya is sitting second to the right of Anupama.

3. Chahal, Bavya → These two pair of people are sitting adjacent to each other.

4. Dilip, Sourab → These two pair of people are sitting adjacent to each other.

Hence, the correct answer is "Bavya, Anupama".

The logic followed here is :-

• 'LBW' is one of ways in which a batsman can be dismissed in sport of cricket.

Similarly.

• 'Checkmate' is a chess move that make it impossible for your opponent to win.

Hence, the correct answer is "Checkmate".

We know that:

In an ordinary year, there are 365 days and by dividing 365 by 7,

• We get remainder = 1 so this extra one day is taken as an odd day.

Similarly, in a leap year, there are 366 days and on dividing 366 by 7,

• we get remainder = 2 so these extra two days are taken as odd days.

Thus, the remainder, which we get after dividing the number of days by 7 is considered odd days.

Given 21 March 2007 is a Wednesday.

Since 2007 is a non-leap year.

• Number of odd days from the year 2007 to the year 2015 = (1 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 1) = 10

Number of odd days from 2007 to 2015 = 10 ÷  7 = 3 odd days

∴ On 21 March 2015, it was Wednesday + 3 = Saturday

Total number of days in a month:

• Total days in month = March = 31, April = 30 days, May = 31

We have to consider 10 days of March (remaining), 30 days of April, and 25 days of May = 10 + 30 + 25

• Number of days = 65 days

Number of odd days of remaining days from 21 March 2015 to 25 May 2015 = 65 ÷ 7 = 2 Odd day

∴ On 21 March 2015, it was Saturday + 2 Odd day = Monday

∴ Here, on 25^th May 2015, it is 'Monday'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Monday".

Additional Information

The logic follows here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "HKO".

Family chart :

Family diagram :

∴ Here, the person in photo is 'brother' to me.

Hence, the correct answer is "Brother".

The logic followed here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "155".

By using BODMAS RULE.

If ‘A’ denotes ‘addition’, ‘B’ denotes ‘multiplication’, ‘C’ denotes ‘subtraction’, and ‘D’ denotes ‘division’,

Given equation : 60 D 2 A 3 B 6 C 5 C (4 B 3)

After substituting symbols in alphabets the equation is as follows : 

= 60 ÷ 2 + 3 × 6 - 5 - (4 × 3)

= 60 ÷ 2 + 3 × 6 - 5 - 12

= 30 + 3 × 6 - 5 - 12

= 30 + 18 - 5 - 12

= 48 - 17

= 31

Hence, the correct answer is "31".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given representation is as shown below :

∴ Here, '35' people are morning walkers are music-lovers but are not engineers.

Hence, the correct answer is "35".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is :-

MORSEL is written as LESROM.

Similarly,

GATEWAY will be written as :

Hence, the correct answer is "YAWETAG".

The logic followed here is :-

First number² + Second number² = Third number.

11, 4, 137

• 11² + 4² = 121 + 16 = 137

Similarly,

9, 8, 145

• 9² + 8² = 81 + 64 = 145

Hence, the correct answer is "9, 8, 145".

Opposite surface of the open dice can be found by the below method:- 

• Alternate surfaces are opposite to each other.
• No two opposite surface are touched by side or by corners

From the positions 1, 2, 3 of Dice the opposite faces identified as :

From dice second and third:

 

 ∴ Here, the opposite side of '&' is '%'.

Hence, the correct answer is "%".

The logic followed here is :-

1. AEU → Here A, E, U alphabets are vowels.

2. AEI → Here A, E, I alphabets are vowels.

3. IOU → Here I, O, U alphabets are vowels.

4. ZDK → Here Z, D, K alphabets are consonants.

Hence, the correct answer is "ZDK".

Alternate Method

The logic followed here is:-

Hence, the correct answer is "ZDK".

The logic follows here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "300".

The arrangement of the given words in the order in which they appear in an English dictionary is as shown below :

The two letters P and I are common in all these words. So we will start from third letter.

1. Pitted
2. Pity
3. Pivot
4. Pivotal
5. Pixie

Hence, the correct answer is "1, 5, 2, 4, 3".

After unfolding the given paper the figure formed is as shown below :

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The correct answer is Bases are bitter in taste. 

Key Points

• Bases can be defined as chemical compound that releases Hydroxide Ions when dissolved in aqueous solutions.
• In other words, these are ionic compounds that dissolve in water and form Hydroxide Ions.
• There are 3 (three) definitions of bases in Chemistry:  Arrhenius Base, Bronsted Base, and Lewis Base.
• Examples of Bases are Sodium Hydroxide, Potassium Hydroxide, Aluminium Hydroxide, etc.

Additional Information 

1. Slippery Substance
2. Reacts with acids to form salt and water.
3. Good conductor of electricity.
4. Bitter in taste.
5. pH value ranges between 8-14.
6. Bases turn red litmus into the blue.

The correct answer is State Bank of India.

Key Points

• The Fortune Global 500 list is Published by Fortune magazine.
• Walmart has topped the list in terms of revenue for the Eighth consecutive year and the 16th time since 1995.

Additional Information

• Fortune Global list is prepared on the basis of total revenue made by the companies.
• Seven Indian companies made it to the 500 lists.
• Mukesh Ambani-led Reliance Industries Ltd is the highest-ranked Indian company on the list in terms of revenue, with revenues of nearly $63 billion.
• It is placed in 155th spot globally.​

Important Points

• More about SBI-

• Bank of Baroda-

• ICICI Bank-

• HDFC Bank-

The correct answer is Babur.

Key Points

• Babur was the founder of the Mughal Empire and the first Mughal emperor in India.
• He became the first Mughal emperor after defeating Ibrahim Lodi​.
• Humayun was the second Mughal Emperor in India.
• Akbar was the third Mughal Emperor.
• Jahangir was the fourth Mughal Emperor.
• Shah Jahan was the fifth Mughal Emperor.

Additional Information

• The first battle of Panipat was fought in 1526 between Babur and Ibrahim Lodi.
• ​In 1526, the Mughal forces of Babur, the Timurid ruler of Kabulistan, defeated the much larger ruling army of Ibrahim Lodi, Sultan of Delhi.​
• Panipat was a legendary location where after 1526, multiple battles were fought between the Mughal and varying other forces.
• He was invited by Daulat Khan, the governor of Punjab, to invade the region and unsettle Ibrahim Lodi.
• Lodi’s army relied heavily on cavalry and especially on elephants, which in earlier times, could shock the enemy and rout them.
• This battle made the foundation of the Mughal dynasty in India.

The correct answer is Increase in level of oxygen in the atmosphere.

Key Points

• An increase in the level of oxygen in the atmosphere is not a consequence of deforestation.
• Deforestation is a very broad term, which consists of cutting of trees including repeated lopping, felling, and removal of forest litter, browsing, grazing, and trampling of seedlings.
• Consequences of Deforestation:-
• Loss of Habitat
• 70% of land animals and plant species live in forests.
• Disturbance in the overall balance of nature.
• The trees of the rainforest that provide shelter for some species also provide the canopy that regulates the temperature.
• Deforestation results in a more drastic temperature variation from day to night, much like a desert, which could prove fatal for many inhabitants.
• Soil Erosion
• Trees help the land retain water and topsoil, which provides the rich nutrients to sustain additional forest life.
• Without forests, the soil erodes and washes away, causing farmers to move on and perpetuate the cycle.
• Desertification
• It is a transformation of once fertile land into a desert.
• Decrease in level of groundwater.
• It refers to the persistent degradation of dryland ecosystems by climatic variations and human activities.
• If trees are removed, the area can become much warmer and drier, which may result in desertification.
• Climate Change
• Trees and other plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow.
• Increase in pollution level on earth.
• This is converted into carbon and stored in the plant’s branches, leaves, trunks, roots, and soil.
• When forests are cleared or burnt, the stored carbon is released into the atmosphere, mainly as carbon dioxide.
• This leads to climate change.

Additional Information

• Causes of Deforestation: The most common reason for deforestation is the cutting of wood for fuel, lumber, and paper. Another important cause relates to the clearing of forest land for agriculture, including conversion to cropland and pasture. The main causes of deforestation are:
• Agriculture
• Shifting cultivation
• Demand for firewood
• Wood for industry and commercial use
• Urbanization and developmental projects
• Overgrazing of forests

The correct answer is 4,041.

Key Points

• A Statutory Town is one with a municipality, corporation, cantonment board, or notified town area committee.
• As per the 2011 Census, there are 4,041 such towns as against 3,799 in 2001.
• A census town is one which is not statutorily notified and administered as a town, but whose population has attained urban characteristics.
• As per the 2011 Census, there are 3,784 Census Towns against 1,362 in 2001.

Additional Information

• A Census Town is an area with urban characteristics like
• A minimum population of 5,000
• At least 75% of the male main working force engaged in non-agricultural activities
• Population density of at least 400 persons per km2
• As per the 2011 Census, there are 3,784 Census Towns against 1,362 in 2001.
• Conversion of Census towns into statutory ULBs entitles states to Central assistance as per the guidelines of the 14th Finance Commission.
• Under Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT), 50% weightage is given to the number of statutory towns in any State/UT in the allocation of funds among States/UTs.
• The state with the highest number of census towns in West Bengal with 780 towns.
• Mizoram has no census towns.

The correct answer is Punjab.

Key Points

• Union Minister for Food Processing Industries, Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Rural Development and Panchayati Raj virtually inaugurated Sukhjit Mega Food Park (MFP) at Phagwara in Kapurthala district of Punjab.
• It is the second operation mega food park in the state after International Mega Food Park, Fazilka.

Additional Information

• Ministry of Food Processing Industries is implementing Mega Food Park Scheme in the country since 2008.
• The Scheme of Mega Food Park aims at providing a mechanism to link agricultural production to the market by bringing together farmers, processors and retailers so as to ensure maximizing value addition, minimizing wastage, increasing farmers income and creating employment opportunities, particularly in the rural sector.
• The scheme aims to facilitate the establishment of a strong food processing industry backed by an efficient supply chain, which includes Collection Centres (CCs), Primary Processing Centers (PPCs), Central Processing Center (CPC) and Cold Chain infrastructure.
• The Mega Food Park Scheme is based on the “Cluster” approach. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• The Mega Food Park project is implemented by a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) which is a Body Corporate registered under the Companies Act. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• State Government, State Government entities and Cooperatives are not required to form a separate SPV for implementation of Mega Food Park project.
• So far following 21 Mega Food Parks are operational in the country.​

The correct answer is 1854.

 Key Points

• The first cotton textile mill was established by Kawasji Dhabar in Bombay on 7th July 1854.
• India enjoyed a monopoly in the production of cotton textiles from 1500 BC to 1500 AD.​

Additional Information

• India has the largest land area under cotton cultivation in the world.
• In India cotton has suitable temp, rainfall and soil for its growth.
• Cotton is cultivated in Black soil also known as Cotton soil or Regur soil.
• The region of the Deccan plateau consisted of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Chhattisgarh are the major producers of cotton.
• The two World Wars were fought in Europe, as India was a British colony.​
• There was a demand for cloth in Britain hence, they gave a boost to the development of cotton textile in India.

As of July 2022

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

Key Points

1. Ganesh Chaturthi is also known as Vinayak Chaturthi or Vinayak Chaviti or Ganeshotsav.
2. It is a festival celebrated by followers of Hinduism.
3. The festival celebrates Lord Ganesh as the God of New beginnings and the removal of obstacles.
4. It is celebrated throughout India, especially in Maharashtra and Goa.
5. Outside India, it is celebrated by the Hindu diaspora in New Zealand, Australia, Canada, and several other countries.
6. The festival has been celebrated since the era of King Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 9.6

Key Points

1. GDP - Gross Domestic Product refers to sum total value of all final goods and services, produced in an accounting year, and measured at constant prices of a base year.
2. There are 3 different methods to calculate GDP- 
3. Value Added Method
4. Income Method
5. Expenditure Method
6. GDP is an indicator of the economic outlook and growth prospects of a country.
7. In India, GDP is measured by Central Statistical Office, under the Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation.
8. GVA - Gross Value Added refers to the value of the number of goods and services produced in an economy minus value of inputs consumed in process of production.
9. GVA = Value of Output - Intermediate Consumption

Additional Information

1. World Bank is an International Financial Institution, which provides loans and grants to the governments of low and middle-income countries.
2. Established - 1945
3. Headquarters - Washington DC, US
4. President - David Malpass.

The correct answer is potable water.

Key Points

• Water which is purified and fit for drinking is known as Potable water.
• Potable water is water that has been either treated, cleaned or filtered and meets established drinking water standards or is assumed to be reasonably free of harmful bacteria and contaminants, and considered safe to drink or use in cooking and baking.
• Examples of potable water would be that from treated municipal water systems, water that has been UV filtered, water distilled, or purified by reverse osmosis.
• The total count of bacteria in potable water should not exceed 10 per cc.

Additional Information

• Soft water is surface water that contains low concentrations of ions and in particular, is low in ions of calcium and magnesium.
• Hard water is surface water that contains more than 50 mg/l of calcium carbonate.
• Hard water has high mineral content.
• This is formed as water percolates into layers of calcium, chalk, or gypsum that are mainly composed of carbonates of calcium and magnesium, bicarbonates, and sulfates.

The correct answer is  Arunachal Pradesh 

Key Points

• The Abor Hills is a region of Arunachal Pradesh in the far northeast of India, near the border with China.
• The hills are bordered by the Mishmi Hills and Miri Hills and drained by the Dibang river, a tributary of the Brahmaputra.
• The Abor Hills are a tract of country on the northeast frontier of India, which was occupied by an independent tribe, the Adi people, formerly called the Abors.
• The Abors are tribal people in the state of Arunachal Pradesh.
• During the British Raj, the hills had a reputation as a troublesome area, and military expeditions were sent against the residents in the 1890s
• The region was administered as the Abor Hills District from 1948, with headquarters at Pasighat, but later reorganized into the Lower Dibang Valley and Lohit districts.

Additional information

 

• The India Most highest peak in India is Kanchenjunga with a height of 8586 meters (28,169 ft)
• The Nanda Devi peak ( Uttarakhand) is the second highest peak in India
• Anamudi is the highest peak in south India (2695 mt) (8842 ft)
• Mount Everest (Nepal) is the highest peak in the world (8848 meters

​ 

Important Points

At the time of this month

The correct answer is Argentina.

Key Points

• Argentina football legend Diego Maradona has passed away after suffering a heart attack.
• He is known for the “Hand of God” goal in which he punched the ball into England’s net during the 1986 World Cup quarterfinals.
• He was currently the coach of Argentine Primera División club Gimnasia de La Plata.
• In 2001, FIFA named Maradona one of the two greatest in the sport’s history, alongside Pele.

Additional Information

• Famous Football Players
• Diego Maradona (Argentina)
• Neymar (Brazil)
• Ronaldinho (Brazil)
• Zlatan Ibrahimovic (Swedish)
• Cristiano Ronaldo (Portugal)
• Lionel Messi (Argentina)

The correct answer is 10 years of the signing of the India-Bangladesh Land Boundary Agreement (LBA).

Key Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi held talks with his Bangladesh counterpart, Sheikh Hasina, in Dhaka on 27 March 2021.
• This visit is in connection with the commemoration of three events:
• 50 years of Bangladesh’s war of liberation.
• Birth centenary of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.
• 50 years of the establishment of diplomatic ties between India and Bangladesh.
• Hence 10 years of the signing of the India-Bangladesh Land Boundary Agreement (LBA) is an incorrect statement.

Additional Information

• India and Bangladesh also signed several MoUs following the talks.
• Delegation level talks were also held before the signing of agreements.
• The two leaders virtually inaugurated some development projects today.
• PM Modi also visited Bangabandhu Mausoleum Complex in Tungipara.
• Bangladesh: 
• Capital - Dhaka.
• Currency - Bangladeshi Taka.
• President - Abdul Hamid.
• Prime Minister - Sheikh Hasina.

The correct answer is Gujarat.

Key Points

• Talaja caves are located in the Bhavnagar district of Gujrat
• The caves are around 2000 years old
• The cave's average height is 19 meters,(62feet

Additional Information

• The Talaja caves are  a combination of 30 caves
• The rock was carved according to the Jain and Buddhist culture
• The  Krem Liat Prah (Meghalaya) is the longest cave in India

Important Point

Important caves in India

• The Barabar hills cave is The oldest cave in (BIHAR) India
• Son Doong** is the largest cave in The world and is located in **central Vietnam​​

The correct answer is world population day

Key Points

• World Population Day 
• World Population Day aims to increase people's awareness of various population issues such as the importance of family planning, gender equality, poverty, maternal health and human rights.
• By resolution 45/216 of December 1990, the United Nations General Assembly decided to continue observing World Population Day to enhance awareness of population issues.
• The Day was first marked on 11 July 1990 in more than 90 countries.

Additional Information

• Some important Days and their theme

The correct answer is The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.

Key Points

• Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is a Statutory Organisation, that was constituted in September 1974 under The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
• Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was entrusted with **powers and functions under The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. **​

Additional Information

• It serves as a field formation and also provides technical services to the Ministry of Environment and Forests under the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
• The principal function of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) are:-
• ​To promote the cleanliness of streams and wells in different areas of the States by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution
• To improve the quality of air and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country.

The correct answer is 1921.

Important Points

• Imperial Bank of India was established on 27 January 1921.
• It was done by merging three presidency banks into a single banking entity.
• Bank of Bengal (2 June 1806)
• Bank of Bombay (15 April 1840)
• bank of Madras (1 July 1843)
• It was one of the oldest and largest banks in the Indian sub-continent.
• Initially, it acted as Central Bank for British India, before the establishment of the Reserve Bank of India in 1935.
• Headquarters: Bombay, Bombay State, India

Additional Information

• On 30 April 1955, the Imperial Bank of India has renamed the State Bank of India.
• The Imperial Bank of India was founded by J. M. Keynes on 27 January 1921.
• It was an amalgamation of the three Presidency Banks- Bank of Bengal, Bank of Madras, and Bank of Bombay.
• Its headquarters is in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

The correct answer is fleets.

Key Points

• Twitter introduced Fleets in November 2020.
• The feature lets Twitter users post full-screen photos, videos, reactions to tweets or plain text that disappears after 24 hours.
• Fleets came years after Snapchat and Facebook introduced similar options for their users.
• Twitter announced last month that the “Fleets” platform, which is basically a copy of Instagram Stories, would be discontinued on August 3.
• With only a few hours left until Tuesday, Twitter is now shutting down Fleets for good.

Additional Information

• He replaces Jack Dorsey in November 2021.
• Jack Dorsey is the co-founder of Twitter.
• Twitter was founded on 21 March 2006 in the USA.

The correct answer is Mohamed Hussein Roble.

Key Points

• Mohamed Hussein Roble is the newly elected Prime Minister of Somalia, took office in September 2020.
• Somali president Hassan Sheikh Mohamud on 15 June 2022 appointed Hamza Abdi Barre as the country's Prime Minister.
• Barre is an MP from the semi-autonomous state of Jubaland and will replace Mohamed Hussein Roble.
• Barre was also the secretary-general of the Peace and Development Party.

Additional Information

• ​Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is a country in the Horn of Africa.
• The country is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest.
• Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa's mainland.
• Somalia:
• Somalia Capital - Mogadishu
• Somalia Currency - Somali shilling

The correct answer is Tenth.

Key Points

• The Tenth Schedule of the Constitution of India added by the Constitution (Fifty-Second Amendment) Act, 1985 deals with the disqualification of a person for being a member of either house of Parliament or the Legislative Assembly or Legislative Council of a State, on the ground of defection.
• The Tenth Schedule popularly known as the Anti-Defection Act was included in the Constitution via the 52nd Amendment Act, 1985 and sets the provisions for disqualification of elected members on the grounds of defection to another political party.
• The anti-defection law was enacted during the Rajiv Gandhi government in 1985. Parliament added it to the constitution in the year 1985. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• It was added in the Tenth Schedule.
• According to 91st CAA, 2003, at least two-thirds of the members of a party have to be in favour of a "merger" for it to have validity in the eyes of the law.
• The speaker or the chairman of the respective legislative house decide on disqualification arising out of defection.

Additional Information

• Disqualification on the ground of defection
• ​if he has voluntarily given up his membership of such a political party.
• if he votes or abstains from voting in such House contrary to any direction issued by the political party to which he belongs.
• Disqualification on the ground of defection is not to apply in case of a merger
• ​A member of a House shall not be disqualified where his original political party merges with another political party.

The correct answer is 9 gold, 12 silver and 10 bronze.

Key Points

• As of September 2021, India has won 9 gold, 12 silver and 10 bronze medals in the Paralympic Games since their introduction in 1960.
• Indian contingent finished their campaign at the Tokyo Paralympic Games 2020 on 5 September 2021 at an all-time high by securing a total of 19 medals.
• It includes 5 gold, 8 silver, and 6 bronze medals.
• Out of a total of 162 nations, India has finished 24th in the overall medal tally, while its accomplishment of 19 medals is ranked 20th based on the number of medals.​

Additional Information

• India in Tokyo Paralympic Games 2020-21
• India finished 24th with a record of 19 medals.
• Gold winner in Tokyo Paralympic Games
• Shooting: Avani Lekhara (Women’s 10m Air Rifle Standing).
• Shooting: Manish Narwal (Mixed 50m Pistol).
• Badminton: Krishna Nagar (Men’s Singles).
• Badminton: Pramod Bhagat (Men’s Singles).
• Athletics: Sumit Antil (Men’s Javelin Throw).

The correct answer is 1764.

Key Points

• Mir Jafar was reinstated as the Nawab of Bengal in the year 1764.
• Robert Clive a British officer bribed Mir Jafar who was the commander in chief of the Nawab’s army.
• The bribe was to make Mir Jafar the Nawab of Bengal.
• Clive’s goal was to conquer Bengal in order to get the money and resources required for imperialism.
• In this process, Clive betrayed Mir Jafar during the Battle of Plassey and did not make him the Nawab but in turn, conquered Bengal and made Mir Jafar a traitor who betrayed their country in the eyes of the Indians.
• After the Battle of Plassey,  Mir Jafar was made Nawab of the Bengal.
• In 1757, after the Battle of Plassey, Nawab Mir Jafar conferred the 24 Paraganas of Bengal to the British and also the Jangli mahals (small administrative units), as a result, he was propped up as the Puppet Nawab.

Additional Information

• Siraj-ud-Daulah:
• Siraj-ud-Daulah was the last independent Nawab of Bengal who succeeded Alivadi Khan to the throne.
• The end of his reign marks the beginning of the company's rule that continued unabated over the next two hundred years.
• The end of his reign marked the start of British East India Company rule over Bengal and later almost all of the Indian subcontinent.
• Mir Qasim:
• Mir Qasim was the Nawab of Bengal from 1760 to 1763.
• He was installed as Nawab with the support of the British East India Company, replacing Mir Jafar, his father-in-law, who had himself been supported earlier by the East India Company after his role in winning the Battle of Plassey for the British.

The correct answer is B Sai Praneeth.

Key Points

• B Sai Praneeth is an Indian badminton player.
• He was born on 10th August 1992 in Hyderabad.
• He is the first Indian male badminton player to win the Bronze medal in the BWF World Championship after Prakash Padukone.
• Sai Praneeth was honoured with the Arjun Award in 2019.
• At present, he trains at the Gopichand Badminton Academy in Hyderabad.

Additional Information

• Important Badminton Players of India:
• PV Sindhu becomes the first Indian Badminton player to win a gold medal in the World Badminton Championship.
• Saina Nehwal is an Indian professional badminton singles player.
• She was awarded Padma Bhushan, Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna, and Arjuna Award.
• Jwala Gutta is an Indian professional badminton player.
• Jwala Gutta was the first badminton player of India to qualify for two events in the Olympics–women's doubles with Ponnappa and mixed doubles with V. Diju in London.
• Ashwini Ponnappa Machimanda is an Indian badminton player who represents the country at the international badminton circuit in both the women's and mixed doubles disciplines.

The correct answer is Farazi/Faraizi Movement.

Key Points

• Shariatullah Khan was a part of the Farazi/Faraizi Movement against the British.
• Faraizi movement was a 19th-century Islamist revivalist movement.
• It was founded in 1818 with an aim to spread newfound realizations fo Shariatullah about Islam and following the Fard.
• After the death of Haji Shariatullah, his son Ahmad Dudu Miyan became the leader of the movement.
• In 1938, under his leadership, followers disobeyed the dictates of indigo planters and refused to pay taxes.
• Dudu Miyan's headquarters were at Bahadurpur.
• He invoked new awareness among peasants by uniting them against zamindars and indigo planters.

Additional Information 

• The Sanyasi Rebellion began in 1763 and lasted till 1800.
• It became famous by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee’s novel Anand Math.
• It was a rebellion by displaced peasants and demobilized soldiers led by religious monks.
• The Wahabi movement enjoyed a special status in the history of revolt against the British rule in India, and Titu Mir added militancy to it.
• The Wahabi movement was a revivalist movement that tried to purify Islam by eliminating all the un-Islamic practices.
• The Fakir-Sannyasi Resistance movement was organized and led by Majnu shah.
• He was a Sufi saint of the Madaria sect.
• He succeeded Shah Sultan Hasan Suriya Burhana to the leadership of the Bihar based Madaria Sufi order in the mid-eighteenth century.

The correct answer is 'Manikarn ka: The Queen of Jhansi' and 'Panga'.

Key Points 

• Kangana Ranaut got the Best Actress award for her movies Manikarnika -The Queen of Jhansi' and 'Panga'.
• The 67th National Film Awards were presented by Vice President M. Venkaiah Naidu in New Delhi on 25 October 2021.

Important Points

• Actor Manoj Bajpayee was awarded the Best Actor award for the Hindi movie 'Bhonsle' and Dhanush got the award for Tamil Movie 'Asuran'.
• Veteran actor Rajnikanth was honoured with the Dada Saheb Phalke Award.
• Malayalam movie 'Marakkar Arabikkadilinte Simham' directed by Priyadarshan was awarded the Best Feature Film Award.
• B. Praak got the Best Male Playback Singer award for the song "Teri Mitti" in Hindi Film 'Kesari'.
• Sanjay Puran Singh Chauhan was given the Best Direction Award for the Hindi film 'Bahattar Hoorain'.

Additional Information 

• National Film Awards:
• ​The National Film Awards is the most prominent film award ceremony in India.
• They were established in 1954.
• They have been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals since 1973.
• They were first awarded on 10 October 1954.

Given:

Amount increased by 70% in 7 years

For compound interest sum = Rs. 8000

Time = 3 years

Concept used:

S.I = (P × T × R)/100

C.I = [P(1 + R/100)^T - 1]

Here, P = sum, T = time, R = rate

Calculation:

Let the amount be Rs. 100a

So, increased amount = 100a + 100a × 70%

⇒ 170a

So, interest = 170a - 100a = 70a

Now, Let the rate of the interest be R

70a = (100a × 7 × R)/100

⇒ 7aR = 70a

⇒ R = 10

So, rate = 10%

Now, C.I = 8000[(1 + 10/100)³ - 1]

⇒ 8000[(1 + 1/10)3 - 1]

⇒ 8000[(11/10)3 - 1]

⇒ 8000[(1331/1000) - 1]

⇒ 8000[(1331 - 1000)/1000]

⇒ 8000[331/1000]

⇒ 8 × 331 = 2648

∴ The compound interest is Rs. 2648.

Shortcut Trick

Simple interest is constant throughout the period.

So, 70% in 7 years = 10 % in 1 year

∴ R = 10% and T = 3 years

Let the sum be 10 units, So, Amount = 10 + 10/100 = 11

For three years , sum = 10³ = 1000

1000 units = Rs. 8000, therefore 1 unit = Rs. 8

And Amount = 11³ = 1331

Interest = 1331 - 1000 = 331

Interest = 331 × 8 = 2648.

∴ The compound interest is Rs. 2648.

Shortcut Trick

Assume income of B = 100 ⇒ Income of A = 170.

Income of C = 80% of (170 + 100) = 0.8 × 270 = 216.

Difference between C and A = 216 − 170 = 46.

Required % difference = (46 ÷ 216) × 100 = 21.29% ≈ 21.3%.

∴ The correct answer is 21.3%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Income of A is 70% more than B.

Income of C is 80% of the combined income of A and B.

Formula Used:

Percentage Less = [(Base Value − Compared Value) ÷ Base Value] × 100

C A

216

170

46

Percentage Less = (46 ÷ 216) × 100

Calculations:

⇒ Let the income of B = 100

⇒ Income of A = 100 + 70% of 100 = 170

⇒ Combined income of A and B = 170 + 100 = 270

⇒ Income of C = 80% of 270

⇒ Income of C = (80 ÷ 100) × 270 = 216

⇒ Difference between C and A = 216 − 170 = 46

⇒ Percentage by which A is less than C = (46 ÷ 216) × 100

⇒ Required Percentage = 4600 ÷ 216 = 21.296...% ≈ 21.3%

∴ The correct answer is 21.3%.

Additional Information

Percentage Change

It is calculated as the ratio of the change in value to the original base value, expressed as a percentage: % Change = [(Final Value − Initial Value) ÷ Initial Value] × 100.

Successive Percentage Change

When a value is changed successively by x% and y%, the net percentage change is given by the formula: Net % Change = x + y + (x × y) ÷ 100.

Base Reversal Rule

If quantity A is R% more than quantity B, then B is less than A by exactly [R ÷ (100 + R)] × 100 %.

Shortcut Trick

Efficiency ratio A : B : C = 120% : 100% : 50% = 1.2 : 1 : 0.5 = 12 : 10 : 5.

Total efficiency = 12 + 10 + 5 = 27.

Total Work = Total efficiency × Days = 27 × 10 = 270 units.

Time taken by B = Total Work ÷ Efficiency of B = 270 ÷ 10 = 27 days.

∴ The correct answer is 27 days.

Alternate Method

Given:

Time taken by (A + B + C) = 10 days.

Efficiency of A = 120% of B = 1.2B.

Efficiency of C = 50% of B = 0.5B.

Calculations:

⇒ Combined efficiency of (A + B + C) = 1.2 + 1.0 + 0.5 = 2.7 units/day (relative to B).

⇒ Total Work = Combined Efficiency × Total Time

⇒ Total Work = 2.7 × 10 = 27 units.

⇒ Time taken by B alone = Total Work ÷ Efficiency of B

⇒ Time = 27 ÷ 1.0 = 27 days.

∴ The correct answer is 27 days.

Additional Information

Efficiency and Time Relationship

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken to complete a work. If efficiency ratio is x : y, then time ratio is y : x.

Work Formula

Total Work = Efficiency × Time. For multiple people, Total Work = (Σ Efficiencies) × Combined Time.

Percentage Efficiency

If A is k% more efficient than B, then Efficiency of A = (100 + k)% of B. If less efficient, then (100 − k)% of B.

Shortcut Trick

Selling Price (SP) = ₹1,638 at 16% discount.

List Price (MP) = 1,638 ÷ 0.84 = ₹1,950.

If no discount, New SP = MP = ₹1,950.

This New SP represents 130% of Cost Price (CP).

CP = (1,950 ÷ 130) × 100 = ₹1,500.

∴ The correct answer is ₹1,500.

Alternate Method

Given: SP = ₹1,638, Discount = 16%, Profit (without discount) = 30%.

Formulas: MP = SP × 100 ÷ (100 − D%), CP = MP × 100 ÷ (100 + P%).

⇒ List Price (MP) = 1,638 × 100 ÷ (100 − 16) = 1,638 × 100 ÷ 84

⇒ MP = 19.5 × 100 = ₹1,950

⇒ Since Profit is 30% when sold at MP, then 1.3 × CP = 1,950

⇒ CP = 1,950 ÷ 1.3 = ₹1,500

∴ The correct answer is ₹1,500.

Additional Information

Marked Price and Cost Price Relation

The ratio of Marked Price to Cost Price can be expressed as MP ÷ CP = (100 + Profit%) ÷ (100 − Discount%).

No Discount Scenario

When no discount is offered, the Selling Price becomes equal to the Marked Price (SP = MP).

Given:

Sum = Rs. 10000, Time = 3 years 

Rate of interest = 7% half-yearly

Formula used:

S.I = (P × T × R)/100

Amount = P + S.I

Here, P = Principle, T = time, R = rate

Calculation:

When interest is taken half yearly,

Actual rate of interest = 2 × rate of interest 

∴ R = 7 × 2 = 14%

Now, S.I = (10000 × 3 × 14)/100 = Rs. 4200

So, amount after 3 years = 10000 + 4200 = Rs. 14200

∴ He will pay Rs. 14200 to the money lender after 3 years.

Mistake Points The rate of 7% is already given for half a year and the period is given as 3 years. So, we need to convert either rate or time to any one format.

if we take time in years then the rate per year is 7 x 2 = 14 %

if we take time in a half-year format then time = 3 x 2 = 6

Hence, the solution and answer that we have given are correct.

Given:

The perimeter of the right-angle triangle = 90 cm

The ratio of the sides of the triangle = 5 : 12 : 13

Formula used:

Area of triangle = (1/2) × b × h

Where, b = base and h = height

Calculation:

Let the sides of the triangle be 5y, 12y, 13y

According to the question,

5y + 12y + 13y = 90

⇒ 30y = 90

⇒ y = 3 

So, the sides of the triangle are

⇒ 5 × 3 = 15 cm

⇒ 12 × 3 = 36 cm

⇒ 13 × 3 = 39 cm

Now, The area of the triangle = (1/2) × 36 × 15 

⇒ 18 × 15 = 270 cm2

∴ The area of the triangle is 270 cm².

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of parts A : B : C = 1/4 : 1/5 : 1/7

Multiply by LCM(4, 5, 7) = 140 ⇒ 35 : 28 : 20

Total units = 35 + 28 + 20 = 83 units

83 units = ₹6225 ⇒ 1 unit = ₹75

Difference (A − B) = 35 − 28 = 7 units

7 units = 7 × 75 = ₹525

∴ The correct answer is ₹525.

Alternate Method

Given: Total Sum = ₹6225. Let the parts be A, B, and C.

Condition: 4A = 5B = 7C = k

⇒ A = k/4, B = k/5, C = k/7

⇒ A + B + C = 6225

⇒ k/4 + k/5 + k/7 = 6225

⇒ (35k + 28k + 20k) / 140 = 6225

⇒ 83k / 140 = 6225

⇒ k = (6225 × 140) / 83 = 75 × 140 = 10500

⇒ A = 10500 / 4 = 2625

⇒ B = 10500 / 5 = 2100

⇒ Difference = A − B = 2625 − 2100 = 525

∴ The correct answer is ₹525.

Additional Information

Inverse Ratio Property

If aA = bB = cC, then the ratio A : B : C is given by 1/a : 1/b : 1/c or (bc) : (ac) : (ab).

Ratio and Proportion

To divide a quantity S in the ratio a : b : c, the parts are [a/(a+b+c)] × S, [b/(a+b+c)] × S, and [c/(a+b+c)] × S.

Given:

$(\frac{7}{{16}} \div 10\frac{1}{2}\ of\ 7\frac{1}{5}) \times 3\frac{3}{5} - 1\frac{1}{3} \times 1\frac{1}{8} \div \frac{1}{2} + \frac{3}{4}$

Concept used:

Calculation:

$(\frac{7}{{16}} \div 10\frac{1}{2}\ of\ 7\frac{1}{5}) \times 3\frac{3}{5} - 1\frac{1}{3} \times 1\frac{1}{8} \div \frac{1}{2} + \frac{3}{4}$

⇒ $(\frac{7}{{16}} \div \frac{21}{2}\ of\ \frac{36}{5}) \times 3\frac{3}{5} - 1\frac{1}{3} \times 1\frac{1}{8} \div \frac{1}{2} + \frac{3}{4}$

⇒ $(\frac{7}{{16}} \div \frac{378}{5}) \times 3\frac{3}{5} - 1\frac{1}{3} \times 1\frac{1}{8} \div \frac{1}{2} + \frac{3}{4}$

⇒ $(\frac{7}{{16}} \times \frac{5}{378}) \times 3\frac{3}{5} - 1\frac{1}{3} \times 1\frac{1}{8} \div \frac{1}{2} + \frac{3}{4}$

⇒ $(\frac{7}{{16}} \times \frac{5}{378}) \times 3\frac{3}{5} - 1\frac{1}{3} \times 1\frac{1}{8} \div \frac{1}{2} + \frac{3}{4}$

⇒ $\frac{5}{864} \times \frac{18}{5} - \frac{4}{3} \times \frac{9}{8} \times \frac{2}{1} + \frac{3}{4}$

⇒ $\frac{5}{864} \times \frac{18}{5} - \frac{4}{3} \times \frac{9}{4} + \frac{3}{4}$

⇒ $\frac{1}{48}- 3 + \frac{3}{4}$

⇒ $\frac{1, -,144, +, 36}{48}$

⇒ $\frac{ -,107}{48}$

∴ Required answer is $\frac{ -,107}{48}$.

Given:

Total time taken by boat = 52 minutes

Distance travelled upstream = 10 km

Distance traveled downstream = 11 km

Speed of the stream = 5 km/h

Concept used:

Time = Distance/speed

Upstream speed = u - v

Downstream speed = u + v

(a² - b²) = (a + b)(a - b)

Here, u = speed of the object

v = speed of the stream

Calculation:

Let the speed of the boat be x km/h

According to the question,

$\frac{10}{x-5}+\frac{11}{x+5}=\frac{52}{60}$

⇒ $\frac{10}{x-5}+\frac{11}{x+5}=\frac{13}{15}$

⇒ $\frac{10x+50+11x-55}{(x-5)(x+5)}=\frac{13}{15}$

⇒ $\frac{21x-5}{(x^2-25)}=\frac{13}{15}$

⇒ 315x - 75 = 13x² - 325

⇒ 13x2 - 325 + 75 - 315x = 0

⇒ 13x2 - 315x - 250 = 0

⇒ 13x2 - 325x + 10x - 250 = 0

⇒ 13x(x - 25) + 10(x - 25) = 0

⇒ (x - 25)(13x + 10) = 0

So, x = 25 or - (10/13)

As speed cannot be negative so x = 25

Speed of the boat = 25 km/h

So, downstream speed = 25 + 5 = 30 km/h

∴ The speed (in km/h) of the boat when going downstream is 30.

Shortcut Trick

Time taken to go upstream = 10/(u - v)

Time taken to go downstream = 11/(u + v)

⇒ 10/(u - v) + 11/(u + v) = 52/60

⇒ 10/(u - 5) + 11/(u + 5) = 52/60

Put the value of "u" from the option i.e.

Put u = 25 and equate the values

⇒ 10/20 + 11/30 = 52/60

⇒ (30 + 22)/60 = 52/60

⇒ 52/60 = 52/60

Hence the speed of the boat is 25 km/hr

Downstream speed = 25 + 5 = 30 km/hr

Mistake PointsDownstream speed⇒ speed of the boat+speed of water

Upstream Speed ⇒ speed of the boat- speed of water

Given:

Total matches = 225

Target win % = 80

Success rate out of 120 matches = 70%

Calculation:

Total match to win = 80/100 × 225 = 180

Matches won out of 120 = 120 × 70/100 = 84

Matches remaining = 225 - 120 = 105

Required win remaining = 180 - 84 = 96 

∴ Team needs to win 96 matches out of 105

Required success rate = 96/105 × 100

⇒ 640/7 = 91$\frac{3}{7}$%

∴ The required success rate is 91$\frac{3}{7}$%.

Given:

8 - [88 ÷ 2 of 11 - (22 - 72 ÷ 4)]

Concept used:

Calculation:

8 - [88 ÷ 2 of 11 - (22 - 72 ÷ 4)]

⇒ 8 - [88 ÷ 2 of 11 - (22 - 18)]

⇒ 8 - [88 ÷ 2 of 11 - 4]

⇒ 8 - [88 ÷ 22 - 4]

⇒ 8 - [4 - 4]

⇒ 8 - 0 = 8

∴ Required answer is 8.

Given:

Loss = 12%

Profit = 8.5%

Difference in profit % and loss % = 164

Formula used:

Selling price = Cost price + (Cost price × profit%)

Selling price = Cost price - (Cost price × loss%)

Calculation:

Let the cost price be 100x

Selling price of 1st case = 100x - 100x × 12%

⇒100x - (100 × 12/100) =  88x

Selling price of 2nd case = 100x + 100x × 8.5%

⇒ 100x + (100x × 8.5/100) = 108.5x

According to the question,

108.5x - 88x = 164

⇒ 20.5x = 164

⇒ x = (164/20.5)

⇒ x = 8

So, the cost price of the article = 100 × 8 = Rs. 800

∴ The cost price of the article is ₹800.

Shortcut Trick

Let CP = 100 units

According to the question

108% of CP - 88% of CP = 164

⇒ 108.5 units - 88 units = Rs. 164

⇒ 20.5 units = Rs. 164

⇒ 1 unit = Rs. 8

∴ CP = 100 × 8 =  Rs.800

Hence, The cost price of the article is ₹800.

Shortcut Trick

Initial Milk : Water = 3 : 2

Final Milk : Water = 1 : 2 ⇒ 3 : 6 (Multiplying by 3 to equate Milk)

Milk is constant at 3 units, while Water increases from 2 to 6 units (+4 units).

Initial mixture = 3 + 2 = 5 units = 75 liters ⇒ 1 unit = 15 liters.

Water added = 4 units × 15 = 60 liters.

∴ The correct answer is 60 liters.

Alternate Method

Initial 75 L

M : W = 3 : 2 Milk = 45 L Water = 30 L

Water x Liters

→

Final 75 + x L

M : W = 1 : 2 Milk = 45 L Water = 30 + x L

Given:

Total volume of the initial mixture = 75 liters

Ratio of milk to water = 3 : 2

Calculation:

⇒ Quantity of milk = (3 / 5) × 75 = 45 liters

⇒ Quantity of water = (2 / 5) × 75 = 30 liters

Let x liters of water be added to the mixture.

Since only water is added, the absolute quantity of milk remains unchanged.

The new ratio of milk to water becomes 1 : 2.

⇒ Milk / Water = 1 / 2

⇒ 45 / (30 + x) = 1 / 2

⇒ 45 × 2 = 30 + x

⇒ 90 = 30 + x

⇒ x = 90 − 30

⇒ x = 60

∴ The correct answer is 60 liters.

Additional Information

Constant Component Concept

When a specific component (e.g., water) is added or removed from a mixture, the quantity of the other component (e.g., milk) remains unchanged. Equating the constant element's ratio parts is the fastest shortcut to solving these problems.

Replacement Method

When a part of a mixture is withdrawn, the remaining mixture retains the original ratio. If an equal amount of one component is then added, only the new ratio changes based on the added component.

Rule of Alligation

Used to find the ratio in which two mixtures of varying concentrations should be mixed: (Quantity of Cheaper) ÷ (Quantity of Dearer) = (Price of Dearer − Mean Price) ÷ (Mean Price − Price of Cheaper).

Given:

Numbers are 2091, 3485 and 4879

Concept used:

The largest common factor that divides the given set of numbers exactly with zero remainders is known as the Highest Common Factor(HCF).

Calculation:

2091 = 3 × 17 × 41

3485 = 5 × 17 × 41

4879 = 7 × 17 × 41

So, HCF = 17 × 41

⇒ 697 = x

Sum of the digit = 6 + 9 + 7 = 22

∴ The sum of the digits of x is 22.

Given:

Average of all the five numbers = 26

Average of first 4 numbers is $\frac{5}{6}$ of the fifth number

Formula used:

Average = Sum of elements/Number of elements

Calculation:

Let the fifth number be 6x

So, the average of the first four numbers 

⇒  6x × $\frac{5}{6}$ = 5x

According to the question,

5x × 4 + 6x = 26 × 5

⇒ 20x + 6x = 130

⇒ 26x = 130

⇒ x = 5

So, fifth number = 6 × 5 = 30

∴ The fifth number is 30.

Given:

C.I = Rs. 1530

Rate = 4%

Time = 2 years

Concept used:

C.I = P[(1 + R/100)^T - 1]

S.I = (P × T × R)/100

Here, P = sum, T = time, R = rate

Calculation:

Let the sum be Rs. P

Now, 1530 = P[(1 + 4/100)² - 1]

⇒ 1530 = P[(1 + 1/25)² - 1]

⇒ 1530 = P[(26/25)² - 1]

⇒ 1530 = P[(676/625) - 1]

⇒ 1530 = P[(51/625]

⇒ P = 1530 × (625/51)

⇒ P = 18750

S.I = [(18750 × 2 × 4)/100]

⇒ 150000/100 = 1500

∴ The simple interest on the same sum for the same period and at the same rate is ₹1500.

Alternate Method

Calculation:

Here, 4% = 1/25

Let Principle be 625 units

Interest for 1st year = 625 × 1/25 = 25 units

Interest for 2nd year = 625 × 1/25 + 25 × 1/25

⇒ 25 + 1 = 26 units

Total C.I. = 25 + 26 = 51 units

⇒ 51 units = 1530 

⇒ 625 units = 18750

Now, the S.I. for 2 years at 4% on P = 18750

⇒ (18750 × 2 × 4)/100 = Rs. 1,500

Hence, The simple interest is Rs.1500

Given:

Selling price of 18 oranges = Rs. 151.2

Loss % = 20

Formula used:

Selling price = Cost price × (100 + profit%)

Selling price = Cost price × (100 - loss%)

Calculation:

Selling price of 18 oranges = Rs. 151.2

So, selling price of 1 orange = 151.2/18 = Rs. 8.4

As there was a loss of 20%,

The cost price of 1 orange = 8.4 × (100/80) = Rs.10.5

Now, Selling price of 1 orange with 30% profit 

⇒ 10.5 × (130/100) = 13.65

Let he will sell 'a' number of oranges for Rs. 819

⇒ 13.65 × a = 819

⇒ a = 819/13.65 = 60

∴ The required number of oranges to be sold is 60.

Given:

Time taken by A to complete 5/7 of work = 15 days

Time taken by both together to complete work = 12 days

Concept used:

Total work = Efficiency  × Time taken

Calculation:

A completes $\frac{5}{7}$ of the work in 15 days

He will complete the total work in = 15 × (7/2) = 21 days

Let the efficiency of A be x

Total work = 21 × x = 21x

Now, A and B together complete the work in 12 days

So, the efficiency of (A + B) = 21x/12 = 1.75x

So, the efficiency of B = 1.75x - x = 0.75x

Now, the time taken by B to complete the task alone  

⇒ 21x/0.75x = 28 days

∴ B alone will complete the same work in 28 days.

Shortcut Trick 

 

Efficiency of A + B = 21

⇒ B = 21 - 12 = 9

Time taken by B = 252/9 = 28 days.

∴ B alone will complete the same work in 28 days.

Shortcut Trick

Use the Successive Percentage formula: Net % = x + y + (xy/100)

Mark-up (x) = +28% | Discount (y) = −15%

Actual Profit % = 28 − 15 + [28 × (−15) / 100]

Actual Profit % = 13 − 4.2 = 8.8%

∴ The correct answer is 8.8%.

Alternate Method

Given: Mark-up over cost price = 28%, Discount on marked price = 15%.

Formula Used: Profit % = [(Selling Price − Cost Price) / Cost Price] × 100

⇒ Let the Cost Price (CP) of the article be ₹100.

⇒ Since the Marked Price (MP) is set to earn 28% profit over CP:

⇒ Marked Price (MP) = 100 + (28/100) × 100 = ₹128.

⇒ A Discount of 15% is given on the Marked Price:

⇒ Selling Price (SP) = MP − 15% of MP

⇒ Selling Price (SP) = 128 − (15/100) × 128 = 128 − 19.2

⇒ Selling Price (SP) = ₹108.8.

⇒ Actual Profit = SP − CP = 108.8 − 100 = ₹8.8.

⇒ Profit Percentage = (8.8 / 100) × 100 = 8.8%.

∴ The correct answer is 8.8%.

Additional Information

Relation between CP and MP

The relationship is given by the formula: MP / CP = (100 + Profit%) / (100 − Discount%).

Net Profit for Successive Changes

When a value is increased by a% and then decreased by b%, the net change is [a − b − (ab/100)]%.

Mark-up Percentage

Mark-up % = [(MP − CP) / CP] × 100. It is the percentage by which the cost price is raised to fix the marked price.

Given:

ratio of price of jacket A and B = 7 : 9

Difference in the price of jacket A and B = Rs. 380

Calculation:

Let the price of the two jackets be 7x and 9x

According to the question,

⇒ 9x - 7x = 380

⇒ 2x = 380

⇒ x = 190

So, price of the jacket B = 190 × 9 = Rs. 1710

∴ The price of jacket B is ₹1710.

Given:

Area of the formed circle = 18634 cm²

Ratio of sides of the rectangle = 5 : 6

Formula used:

Area of a circle = πr²

Perimeter of a circle = 2πr

Perimeter of a rectangle = 2(l + b)

Here, r = radius of the circle,

l = length of the rectangle,

And, b = breadth of the rectangle

Calculation:

Let the radius of the formed circle be r

Now, πr² = 18634

⇒ r² = 18634 × $\frac{{7}}{22}$

⇒ r² = 5929

⇒ r = 77

So, radius = 77 cm

Here perimeter of the formed circle will be equal perimeter of the rectangle

Let the sides of the rectangle be 5x and 6x

So, 2 × $\frac{{22}}{7}$ × 77 = 2(5x + 6x)

⇒ 2 × 22 × 11 = 2 × 11x

⇒ x = 22

Sides of the rectangle = 5 × 22 = 110 cm and 6 × 22 = 132 cm

So, the smallest side of the rectangle = 110 cm

∴ The length (in cm) of the shorter side of the rectangle is 110.

Shortcut Trick

The rate of 1 pens, CP = Rs.8

The rate of 1 pens, SP = Rs.9

Profit = 9 - 8 = Rs.1

Profit% = (1/8) × 100 = 12.5 

Hence, The profit is 12.5%

Alternate Method

Given:

Cost price of 150 pens = Rs. 1200

Selling price of 180 pens = 1620

Formula used:

Profit% = (Profit/Cost price) × 100

Calculation:

Cost price of 150 pens = Rs. 1200

Cost price of 1 pen = 1200/150 = Rs. 8

Selling price of 180 pens = 1620

Selling price of 1 pen = 1620/180 = Rs. 9

So, profit = 9 - 8 = Rs. 1 

Profit% = (1/8) × 100 = 12.5

∴ Required answer is 12.5% profit.

Given:

Numbers are, x + 2, x + 5, x + 8, x + 11, x + 14 and x + 17

Average = 12.5

Concept used:

Average = Sum of elements/Number of elements

Calculation:

According to the question,

(x + 2) + (x + 5) + (x + 8) + (x + 11) + (x + 14) + (x + 17) = 12.5 × 6

⇒ 6x + 57 = 75

⇒ 6x = 75 - 57

⇒ 6x = 18

⇒ x = 18/6 = 3

So, first, three observations are

⇒ x + 2 = 3 + 2 = 5

⇒ x + 5 = 3 + 5 = 8

⇒ x + 8 = 3 + 8 = 11

Sum of first three observation

⇒ 5 + 8 + 11 = 24

 Average = 24/3 = 8

∴ The average of the first three observations is 8.

Given:

The ratio of three numbers = 3 ∶ 5 ∶ 7

LCM = 2415

Concept used:

LCM or least common multiple is the simplest method to find out the smallest common multiples between two or more than two numbers.

Calculation:

Let the number be 3x, 5x and 7x.

LCM of (3x, 5x and 7x)

⇒ 3 × 5 × 7 × (x) = 105x

According to the question,

105x = 2415 

⇒ x = 2415/105 = 23

Now, Difference between second and first number

⇒ 5x - 3x = 2x

⇒ 2 × 23 = 46

∴ The difference between the second number and the first number is 46.

Given:

Time taken to cover 41 km = 45 min

Time taken to cover 23 km = 35 min

Formula used:

Average speed = Total distance/Total time

km/h × (5/18) = m/sec

Calculation:

Total distance covered

⇒ 41 km + 23 km = 64 km

Total time = 45 minute + 35 minute

⇒ 80 min = 4/3 hours

Average speed = 64/(4/3) km/h

⇒ 64 × 3/4 = 48 km/h

Now, Speed in m/sec = 48 × (5/18)

⇒Speed =  40/3 m/sec = 13$\frac{1}{3}$ m/sec

∴ The average speed (in m/sec) of the car is 13$\frac{1}{3}$.

The correct answer is option 4) i.e. “Proceedure”.

 

Key Points

• The correct spelling is ‘Procedure’.
• ‘Procedure’ means a set of actions that is the official or accepted way of doing something.
• Example:
• *Rajnish followed a long procedure to get the trade license from the municipality.*​
• Some synonyms of the word 'Procedure' are "method, process, mode, order, and sequence."
• Therefore, 'Proceedure' is incorrectly spelt in the given question.
• Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

 

Additional Information

• Let's learn about other given options:

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. 'Orchard'.

 

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the marked option:
• Orchard- refers to a piece of enclosed land with fruit trees.
• Let's look at the meanings of the other given options:​
• ​Pasture- Ground covered with grass or herbage, used or suitable for the grazing of livestock.
• ​​​Barnyard- The yard associated with or surrounding a barn.
• Meadow- A field or pasture; a piece of land covered or cultivated with grass, usually intended to be mown for hay.
• Hence, from the given meanings, we find that 'Orchard' is the correct one-word substitute.

 

Correct one-word substitute: Orchard.

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. 'decaying'.

 

Key Points

• The given sentence is talking about how Egyptians developed ways of turning dead bodies into mummies to prevent them from decaying.
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'decaying.'
• The word 'decaying' means to become gradually damaged, worse, or less.
• Example:
• ​The neighbours discovered the decaying body of Mr Asutosh in his flat.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

 

Complete Sentence: The Egyptians developed ways to prevent the dead body from decaying.

 

Additional Information

• Let’s look at the meaning of other options

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. “Calm.”

 

Key Points

• Let’s look at the meaning of the given idiom/ phrase:
• The phrase ‘Cool as a cucumber’ means very calm and composed, or self-possessed, or relaxed.
• Example:
• *The doctor deals with the patients efficiently because he is **as cool as a cucumber.***​
• Hence, the only possible answer is option 1 ‘Calm’, which exactly resembles the meaning of the given idiom/ phrase.

 

Correct meaning: Calm.

The erroneous part is option 3) i.e. ‘poored people’.

 

Key Points

• The error lies in the part ‘poored people’.
• In the given sentence the use of 'poored' is incorrect as it is an incorrect form of an adjective.
• We need to use 'poor' in place of 'poored.'
• Poor- lacking sufficient money to live at a standard considered comfortable or normal in a society.
• Example:
• The government must help poor people to excel in their life.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

 

Correct sentence: Pray to the Almighty God with utmost devotion and help the needy and poor people.