SSC GD Constable Previous Year Paper (Held on: 5th March 2019 Shift 2)

On arranging all of them in descending order:

D. 20.02.1989

A. 12.08.1989

G. 20.12.1989

B. 13.09.1991

C. 19.06.1991

E. 22.03.1991

F. 20.01.1991

The birth date of the eldest parson among all is 20.02.1989.

Hence, option (D) is the correct answer.

In the first figure,

(72 + 18) - (24 + 17) = 49

Similarly,

In the second figure,

(42 +36) - (29 + 31) = 18

Hence, 18 is the correct asnwer.

According to the positions of letter in English alphabet series:

The pattern followed here is :

Similarly,

Hence, ‘EQWPVTA’ is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is as follows:

Conclusions:

I. Some forests are river → False (it is possible but not definite)

II. No forest is a river → False (it is possible but not definite)

The above statements are complementary pairs. This type of statement follows ‘Either or conditions’.

Hence, either conclusion I or II follows.

The pattern followed here is :

1) 78 ÷ 4 = 19.5 (not fully divisible)

2. 72 ÷ 6 = 12

3. 39 ÷ 3 = 13

4. 56 ÷ 4 = 14

Hence, '78 : 4' is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, ‘Qdv’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is: 

Hence, ‘22’ is the correct answer.

Hence, "Option 3" is the correct answer.

According to the positions of letter in English alphabet series:

The pattern followed here is :

UPSIDE → U (21) + P(16) + S(19) + I (9) + D(4) + E(5) 

21 + 16 + 19 + 9 + 4 + 5  = 74

SHARKS → S (19) + H(8) + A(1) + R(18) + K(11) + S(19)

19 + 8 + 1 + 18 + 11 + 19 = 76

Hence, ‘76’ is the correct answer.

The question figure is embedded in,

Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.

The mirror image would be as follows:

Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

When the question figure is merged with the figure in option (d), the complete pattern can be seen.

Hence, option(d) is the correct answer.

According to the positions of letter in English alphabet series:

The pattern followed here is:

The first and last letter is small while the middle two words are capital.

pRSq → p +2 = R ; S - 2 = q

tVWu → t +2 = V ; W-2 =u

Similarly,

iKLj → I + 2 = K ; L -2 = j

mOPn → m +2 = O ; P - 2 = n

Hence, ‘mOPn’ is the correct answer.

Trolley, Tempo and Truck are the goods carrier by road where as Cargo carry the goods by aquatic way or the aerial way.

Hence, ‘Cargo’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

12 × 13 = 156

Similarly,

10 × 11 = 110

Hence, '10 : 110' is the correct answer.

Given;

Lily is eighteenth from the front while Mini is sixteenth from the back. If Nisha is twenty-fifth from the front and is exactly in the middle of Lily and Mini.

Position of Lily from front = 18

Person between Lilly and Nisha = 6

Person between Nisha and Mini = 6

Position of Mini from Back = 16

Total Person = 18 + 6 + 6 + 16 + 1(Nisha) = 47 Person

Hence, there is 47 person in the queue.

The logic followed here is:

Imagine the symbol as a person with 4 different thing.

1. Head consists of circle, triangle and square.

2. Body consists of Rectangle, line and oval.

3. Legs consist of line, coloured circle and uncoloured circle.

4. Both hands are upward, straight and downward.

In row wise they have the same pattern.

So in the blank space of third row, the symbol should have:

head -- square

body -- line

leg -- uncoloured circle

hands -- downward

Thus the figure in option 3 completes the given question pattern.

Hence, figure in Option 3 is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is :

Bees make sound Hum.

Similarly,

Snakes make sound Hiss.

Hence, ‘Hiss’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is :

Voice of lion is called roar.

Similarly,

Voice of elephant is called trumpet.

 Hence, ‘Trumpet’ is the correct answer.

According to the positions of letter in English alphabet series:

Pattern followed here is :

1. CFJ → C + 3 = F ; F +4 = J

2. GJM → G + 3 = J ; J + 3 = M

3. TWZ → T + 3 = W ; W + 3 = Z

4. DGJ → D + 3 = G ; G + 3 = J

Hence, ‘CFJ’ is the correct answer.

Some Girls are healthy or some girls are not healthy but the train is totally different from both girls and healthy so the Venn diagram to relate all three terms is :

Hence, Option(a) is correct answer.

The pattern followed here is :

Here numbers are cubes and squares of alternate odd numbers: 

Hence, ‘225’ is the correct answer.

Given eight people A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H are sitting around a circle facing the centre.

1) E, is second to the left of F and third to the right of A.(E is second to the left of F. E is third to the right of A.)

2. B is third to the right of G who is not an immediate neighbour of E or F. (G is not neighbour of E or F)

3. C is second to the right of B.

4. D is to the immediate left of A and third, to the left of H. (By this condition, we can eliminate case II therefore) 

The final arrangement is.

Hence, E sits fifth to the right of C.

Given: 

21 q 5 p 2 y 21 z 3

After changing with symbols:

21 + 5 × 2 − 21 ÷ 3

21 + 10 - 7

24

Hence, 24 is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is as follows:

Conclusions:

I. All Linear Equations are Algebraic Equations → False (it is possible but not definite)

II. Some Algebraic Equations are Linear Equations → True (As Some Linear Equations are Quadratic  Equations. All Quadratic Equations are Algebraic Equations.)

III. Some Algebraic Equations are Quadratic Equations → True (All Quadratic Equations are Algebraic Equations.)

IV. All Quadratic Equations are Linear Equations → False (Some Linear Equations are Quadratic Equations.)

Hence, ‘only II and III follow’ is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Bell Metal.

• Bell Metal alloy consists of copper and tin.

Key Points

• Bell metal is a hard alloy used for making bells and similar instruments, such as cymbals.
• It is a form of bronze with a higher tin content, approximately a 4:1 ratio of copper to the tin.
• It is made of 80% copper and 20% tin (Sn) with some amount of Zinc and Lead.
• Bell metal is known for its resonance and attractive sound.

Additional Information

• ​Soft solder is an alloy of tin and lead.
• Hard solder is an alloy of copper and zinc.
• Rose's metal is an alloy of bismuth, lead and tin with 50% bismuth, 25–28% lead and 22–25% tin.
• German Silver is an alloy of copper, zinc and nickel.

Important Points

Some other important alloys are:

• German Silver - Cu + Zn + Ni
• Gun Metal - Cu + Sn + Zn + Pb
• Solder - Pb + Sn
• Brass - Cu + Zn
• Stainless steel - Fe + Cr + Ni + C​

The correct answer is 101st Constitution Amendment Act, 2016.

• 101st Constitution Amendment Act, 2016  introduced the Goods and Services Tax.

Key Points

• GST Bill was first introduced in 2014 as The Constitution (122nd Amendment) Bill.
• Goods and Services Tax is a widespread indirect tax on the manufacture, sale, and consumption of goods and services throughout India.
• GST replaced respective taxes levied by the central and state governments.
• It is an indirect tax for the whole country on the lines of “One Nation One Tax” to make India a combined market.
• GST Council will decide upon any matter related to GST whose chairman is the finance minister of India.
• GST has provisions of:
• Central GST to cover Excise duty, Service tax.
• State GST to cover VAT, luxury tax and Integrated GST to cover inter-state trade.
• IGST is not a tax but a system to coordinate state and union taxes.
• Article 246A states that States have the power to tax goods and services.

Additional Information

• The Ninety-second Amendment of the Constitution of India is known as The Constitution (Ninety-second Amendment) Act, 2003.
• It amended the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution.
• It includes Bodo, Dogri, Maithili and Santali languages and increases the total number of languages listed in the schedule to 22.
• The Constitutional (103rd Amendment) Act got the assent of the President of India on 13th January 2018.
• It provides reservation of jobs in central government jobs as well as government educational institutions.
• It applies to citizens belonging to the economically weaker sections from the upper castes.
• This reservation is "in addition to the existing reservations and subject to a maximum of ten percent of the total seats in each category".
• The Constitutional (73rd Amendment) Act of 1992 came into force in India to provide constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj institutions.

The correct answer is Jharkhand.

• The Maithon Dam is located at Maithon in Jharkhand.

Key Points

• Maithon Dam is located on the bank of river Barakar.
• It is owned by the Damodar Valley Corporation.
• Damodar Valley Project on river Damodar in Jharkhand.
• Maithon dam was specially designed for flood control and generates 60,000 kW of electric power.

Additional Information

• Damodar Valley Project:
• Damodar River rises in the Kamarpet hill in the Chhotanagpur Plateau of Jharkhand.
• Flood Control, irrigation, navigation, afforestation, and control of soil erosion.
• Promotion of agriculture and industry, electricity generation.
• Four dams at Tilaiya, Konar, Maithan, Panchet.
• Copper is found in the Singhbum region of the Jharkhand.
• Uranium and Thorium are found in Jadugoda (Jharkhand).

The correct answer is Banvarh.

Key Points

• Banvarh is usually sung to mourn the death of loved ones.
• Sung in funerals, ‘Banvarh’ is a song used to mourn the death of loved ones.
• The instruments used are dhol** and shehnai.**

Additional Information

• Deknni is a folk dance of Goa.
• It is often accompanied by dance performances.
• The instruments used are Ghumat, Cymbal, Samael.
• ​Fughri is also a folk dance of Goa​.

The correct answer is the United Kingdom.

• The parliamentary form of government as laid down in the Indian Constitution is influenced by the constitution of the United Kingdom.

Key Points

• Parliamentary Government:
• India has a parliamentary system of government both at the center and at the states.
• The president is the head of the union of India and the Governors are the head of the states but they act on the advice of the council of ministers.
• They have nominal powers.
• The federal system with unitary features:
• Our constitution contains federal features of government like division of powers written constitution, an independent judiciary, and bicameralism but a large number of unitary features like a strong center, single citizenship flexibility of constitution, integrated judiciary emergency provisions.

Important Points

• Different Sources of the Indian Constitution:

The correct answer is Pandurang Vaman Kane.

• Pandurang Vaman Kane was awarded the Bharat Ratna.

Key Points

• Pandurang Vaman Kane won the Bharat Ratna award in 1963.
• He was awarded Bharat Ratna for his scholarly work that crossed more than 40 years of active academic research which resulted in 6,500 pages of History of Dharmaśāstra.
• History of the Dharmasastra is published in five volumes.
• It is an encyclopedia of ancient social laws and customs.

Additional Information

• Madan Mohan Malaviya was awarded the Bharat Ratna in the year 2014.
• Purushottam Das Tandon was awarded the Bharat Ratna in the year 1961.
• He was popularly known as UP Gandhi.
• Bidhan Chandra Roy was awarded the Bharat Ratna in the year 1961.

Important Points

• Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award of India.
• The provision of Bharat Ratna was introduced in 1954.
• It was instituted to recognise contributions to politics, science, education, and other areas

The correct answer is Raut Nacha.

• Raut Nacha is a dance form from Chhattisgarh.

Key Points

• Raut Nacha is a dance form known to be mainly performed by the “Yadava” clan.
• Yadava clan is said to be the descendants of Lord Krishna in Central India.
• The dance resembles the “Ras Leela” which is considered to be the most popular Lord Krishna dance.
• It is performed usually after Diwali for about a week.

Additional Information

• Cheraw is a traditional cultural dance form from Mizoram.
• Ottam Thullal is an art form dance form from Kerala.
• Macha is a dance form from Madhya Pradesh.

The correct answer is Ludhiana.

Key Points

• The Kila Raipur Rural Olympics is held annually between January and February near Ludhiana.
• This festival which is popularly known as rural Olympics is held annually in Kila Raipur.
• In around 1926 the Kila Raipur Rural Olympics was started.
• It is a 4-day Rural Olympics in India.
• This takes place in January/February and over 4000 men and women participate in it.
• The events held here are participated by teenagers, pensioners and sometimes even horses and dogs.
• The event is organised in every winter in Kila Raipur.

Additional Information

• Ludhiana is situated on the river Sutlej.
• Aizawl is the capital of the state of Mizoram.
• Vadodara is a cosmopolitan city located in Gujarat.
• The Lakshmi Vilas Palace is located here.
• Gwalior is a city of Madhya Pradesh.
• The Madho Rao Scindia built Phool Bagh, and it was inaugurated by the Prince of Wales in 1922 is located at Gwalior.
• Teli Ka Mandir is the tallest structure located inside the Gwalior

The correct answer is 4.6 billion years.

• The origin of the sun was approximately 4.6 billion years before the present age.

Key Points

• The radius of the Sun is 109 times that of Earth.
• Its distance from Earth is 147.36 million km.
• The atmosphere of the Sun is composed of three layers namely the photosphere, the chromosphere, and the corona.
• The surface viewed from Earth, called the photosphere, is the layer from which most of the radiation reaches the earth.
• The energy created by the Sun’s core is due to nuclear fusion.
• It takes eight minutes for light to reach Earth from the Sun.
• The Earth rotates around the Sun from west to east in the anticlockwise direction**.**

Important Points:

• Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only place that is inhabited by living things.
• Earth is only the fifth largest planet in the solar system.
• Earth is the biggest of the four planets closest to the Sun.
• Venus is known as the "twin sister" of earth.

The correct answer is One Life is not Enough.

Key Points

• One Life is not Enough is an autobiography by the former Minister in charge of External Affairs, Kunwar Natwar Singh.
• The book reveals an account of Kunwar Natwar Singh's career as a politician and bureaucrat.
• It also tells about his experiences in Delhi's political halls and sets the record straight on several events, including the Volcker controversy and Sonia Gandhi's withdrawal as a prime minister candidate.

Additional Information

• Courage and Conviction is the autobiography of General Vijay Kumar Singh.
• Where Have I Been is an autobiography by Bill Davidson and  Sid Caesar.
• Ace Against Odds is the autobiography of Sania Mirza.

The correct answer is Punjab Royals.

• Punjab Royals won in the 2018 Pro Wrestling League finals.

Key Points

• Punjab Royals defeated Haryana Hammers with a scintillating victory of 6-3.
• It was held at the Gautam Buddha University indoor hall.
• The team is owned by the CDR Group.
• Geeta Phogat is the captain of the team.

Additional Information

• Haryana Hammers was the winner of the 2019 Pro Wrestling League.
• Geeta Phogat is first-ever India's gold medal in wrestling at the Commonwealth Games in 2010.
• She is the first Indian female wrestler to have qualified for the Olympic Summer Games.

The correct answer is Bangladesh.

• India defeated the Bangladesh team to win the Nidahas Trophy 2018 cricket Tri-Series Final played in March 2018.

Key Points

• India defeated Bangladesh by four wickets to win the 2018 Nidahas Trophy.
• Nidahas Trophy was a tri-nation series between Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka.
• The 2018 Nidahas Trophy was held in Sri Lanka in March 2018.
• The tournament was played to celebrate Sri Lanka's 70th year of independence.
• The title nidahas is derived from the Sinhalese which means "freedom."
• Washington Sundar was the player of the series.

The correct answer is Allan Octavian Hume.

• Allan Octavian Hume took the initiative to convene the first meeting of the Indian National Union.

Key Points

• In 1884, A.O.Hume founded the Indian National Union.
• Indian National Congress (I.N.C.):
• The Indian National Union was formed in 1884 A.D by A.O. Hume.
• He called for a conference in Pune in December 1885 A.D.
• The conference venue was shifted to Bombay.
• The leaders decided to rename the Indian National Union as the Indian National Congress.
• The first session of the Indian National Congress was held at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay under the presidentship of W.C. Bannerji.
• It was attended by 72 delegates from all over India.
• Lord Dufferin was the Viceroy of India during the foundation of INC.
• The first two decades of INC are described in history as those of moderate demands and a sense of confidence in British justice and generosity.
• Indian Council Act in 1892 AD allowed some members to be indirectly elected by Indians.

Additional Information

• John Morley was a secretary of state for India during 1906–1910.
• Edwin Montagu was appointed the Secretary of State for India in 1917.

The correct answer is Dhupgarh.

• Dhupgarh is the highest peak of the Satpura range.

Key Points

• Satpura Range is a part of the Deccan plateau.
• It is a series of seven mountains. Hence, called Satpura.
• It runs in an east-west direction south of the Vindhyas and in between the Narmada and the Tapi, roughly parallel to these rivers.
  

It stretches for a distance of about 900 km.

• Dhupgarh which is 1,350 m high is located near Pachmarhi on Mahadev Hills.

Additional Information

• Kalsubai is the highest peak in Maharashtra.  
• It is located in the Western Ghats.
• Doddabetta is the highest peak of the Nilgiri Hills.
• Anamudi is the highest peak of the Western Ghats.

The correct answer is eight.

• It was stated in the Union Budget 2018, that the Ujjwala Yojana, the free LPG connection scheme would be expanded to eight crore Women.

Key Points

• Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana:
• The scheme was launched in May 2016.
• Its aim is to provide LPG connections to poor households.
• A deposit-free LPG connection will be given to eligible with the financial assistance of Rs 1,600 per connection by the Centre.
• The earlier target of the scheme was to cover 50 million families.
• The eligibility criteria for the beneficiaries:
• The applicant must a woman above the age of 18 and a citizen of India.
• The applicant should belong to a BPL category.
• No one in the applicant’s household should own an LPG connection.
• The household income of the family, per month, must not exceed a defined limit as per the government of the Union Territories and State Government.

The correct answer is Yukta Mookhey.

• Yukta Mookhey was crowned Miss World Continental Queen of Beauty—Asia & Oceania in 1999.

Key Points

• Miss World 1999 was the 49th edition of the Miss World pageant.
• Yukta Mookhey was crowned by her predecessor Linor Abargil of Israel.
• It was held at the Olympia Hall in London, United Kingdom.
• The pageant was hosted by Ulrika Jonsson and Melanie Sykes.
• It was the first time that Scotland and Wales fielded their delegates.

Additional Information

• Sushmita Sen was the first Indian woman to be crowned Miss Universe in the year 1994.
• Reita Faria Powell was the first to win the Miss World title in 1966.
• Priyanka Chopra is the winner of the Miss World pageant of 2000.

The correct answer is $\frac{ML^2}{12}$

Key Points

• Moment of Inertia:
• The moment of inertia plays the same role in rotational motion as mass plays in linear motion.
• It is the property of a body due to which it opposes any change in its state of rest or of uniform rotation.
• Moment of inertia of a particle is I = mr2
• For a uniform rod with negligible thickness, the moment of inertia about its center of mass is:

​

• ​Moment of inertia about its center = $\frac{ML^2}{12}$
• M = mass of the rod
• L = length of the rod
• r = perpendicular distance of the particle from the rotational axis

The correct answer is Bengal.

• The Charter Act of 1833 made the Governor-General of Bengal as the Governor-General of India and vested in him all civil and military powers.

Key Points

• The Charter Act of 1833:
• The Governor-General and his Council were given vast powers.
• The Council got full powers regarding revenue, and a single budget for the country was prepared by the Governor-General.
• For the first time, the Governor-General’s Government was known as the ‘Government of India’ and his Council as the ‘Indian Council’.
• The Governor-General of Bengal was to be the Governor-General of India.
• All powers, administrative and financial, were handed over to Governor-General in Council.
• A Law Commission under Lord Macaulay was constituted for the codification of laws.

The correct answer is Ibrahim.

Key Points

• In the Battle of Khatoli (1517) Rana Sanga of Mewar defeated the Sultan of Delhi, Ibrahim Lodhi and imprisoned him and then released him after collecting ransom.
• Ibrahim Lodhi (1517 AD-1526 AD):
• He was the last king of the Lodhi dynasty and the last sultan of Delhi.
• He was the son of Sikandar Lodhi.
• Daulat Khan Lodhi, the Governor of Punjab, invited Babur to overthrow Ibrahim.
• He captured Gwalior and was defeated by Rana Sanga of Mewar.
• He was defeated and killed at the hands of Babur in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 AD.

Additional Information

• The Sisodiya ruler of Mewar (1433 AD-1468 AD):
• Rana Kumbha was a famous ruler of Mewar.
• He defeated Mohammad Khilji and erected the Tower of Victory (Vijay-Stambha) in Chittor.
• His successors Rana Sangram Singh (Rana Sanga) and Rana Pratap were also great kings of the Mewar state.

Important Points

• ​Sikandar Lodhi established Agra city in 1504.
• He shifted his capital from Delhi to Agra in 1506.
• Slave Dynasty was established in Northern India by Qutb-ud-Din Aibak, a Turkish Mamluk slave general from Central Asia.
• He became the ruler of an independent kingdom that evolved into the Delhi Sultanate ruled by the Mamluk dynasty.
• He constructed a Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque in Delhi and Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra in Ajmer.
• He initiated the construction of Qutb Minar which was completed by Iltutmish.

The correct answer is the spine.

• The coccyx is part of the spine.

Key Points

• The coccyx is also known as the tailbone.
• It is the terminal part of the vertebral column.
• It is comprised of four vertebrae, which combine to produce a triangular shape.
• The coccyx serves as an attachment site for tendons, ligaments, and muscles.
• It also functions as an insertion point of some of the muscles of the pelvic floor.
• Its function is to support and stabilize a person while sitting.

Additional Information

• A shoulder girdle also referred to as the pectoral girdle, connects upper limbs to the bones along the axis of the body.
• Spinal Cord:
• The posterior region of the medulla oblongata is the spinal cord. Its main functions are:
• (a) Coordination and control of reflex actions i.e. it works as the center of the reflex actions.
• (b) It carries the waves coming out of the brain.
• The Central Nervous System of humans is made up of two parts–Brain and Spinal Cord.

The correct answer is Samudragupta.

• Chandragupta I was succeeded by his son Samudragupta.

Key Points

• Samudragupta (335AD-380 AD):
• Samudragupta was the greatest king of the Gupta dynasty.
• The most detailed and authentic record of his reign is preserved in the Prayaga Prasasti/Allahabad pillar inscription, composed by his court poet Harisena.
• Samudragupta’s military campaigns justify the description of him as the Napoleon of India by V.A. Smith.
• Titles: Kaviraja, Param Bhagavat, Ashvamedha- parikrama, Vikram Sarva-rajochchhetta only Gupta ruler had the title of Sarva-raj-ochchhetta.
• Allahabad pillar inscriptions mention the title Dharma Prachar Bandhu, i.e. he was the upholder of Brahmanical religion.

Additional Information

• Chandragupta I (319AD-334 AD):
• He was the first Gupta ruler to assume the title of Maharajadhiraja.
• He strengthened his kingdom by the matrimonial alliance with the powerful family of Lichchhavis, who were the rulers of Mithila.
• He got married to the Lichchhavi princess Kumaradevi.
• He started the Gupta Era in 319AD-320 AD.
• He established his authority over Magadha, Saketa and Prayaga.
• Vishnugupta was the last ruler of the Gupta Dynasty.

The correct answer is 8.30%.

• The Economic Survey report 2017-18 stated that the Services sector growth for FY 18 was likely to be at 8.30%.

Key Points

• The then Finance Minister, Arun Jaitley presented the Economic Survey of 2017-18.
• The services sector contributed 55.2% to India’s GVA in the year 2017-18.
• As per the Central Statistics Office, the growth of the services sector was expected to be 8.3% in 2017-18 as compared to 7.7% in 2016-17.
• India is the eighth largest exporter of commercial services with a share of 3.4%.
• The share of the real estate sector accounted for 7.7% of India’s overall GVA in 2015-16.
• Real estate and construction together are the second-largest providers of employment.

Additional Information

• An economic survey is an annual document prepared under the guidance of the Chief Economic Adviser and presented by the Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance in the parliament just before the budget is announced.
• The economic survey report is the way of the ministry on the state of the economy of the country.

The correct answer is ₹1,700 per quintal.

• Minimum Support Price for 2018-19 for Maize is set at ₹1,700 per quintal.

Key Points

• Minimum Support Price:
• The MSP is the rate at which the government buys grains and crops from farmers.
• The idea of MSP is to counter the price volatility of agricultural commodities due to the factors like the variation in their supply, lack of market integration and information asymmetry.
• The MSP is fixed on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP).
• The CACP is an office that works under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, formed in 1965.
• It is a statutory body that submits separate reports recommending prices for Kharif and Rabi seasons.
• National Commission on Farmers was recommended by the Swaminathan Committee.

Important Points

• The government has increased the MSPs of tur dal by Rs. 125 per quintal and uraddal by Rs. 100 per quintal.
• Minimum Support Price for 2019-20 for Maize is set at ₹1,760 per quintal.

The correct answer is C2N2.

• The formula of Cyanogen is C2N2

Key Points

• Cyanogen is 46.14% carbon and 53.80% nitrogen.
• It is colorless, toxic, and pungent gas.
• Its odor of almonds.
• It freezes at -28°C and boils at -20.7°C.
• It can be prepared by oxidation of hydrogen cyanide (HCN).
• It is made in the lab by oxidizing cyanide ions in an aqueous solution.
• Its IUPAC name is Ethanedinitrile.

Additional Information

• The formula of  Methyl isocyanate is CH3OCN.
• It is used in the manufacture of polyurethane foam, pesticides and plastics.
• It burned very easily and highly explosive.
• Methyl Isocyanate gas, which was involved in the disaster in Bhopal in December 1984,
• Acrylonitrile has the formula CH₂CHCN.
• Acetonitrile is the chemical compound with the formula CH ₃CN.

The correct answer is capacitance.

• Farad is the unit of capacitance.

Key Points

• Capacitance is the property of an electric conductor measured by the amount of separated electric charge that can be stored on it per unit change in electrical potential.
• It is given by-
• $C = {q\over V}$.
• Where, C= Capacitance, q=amount of charge, V=potential difference between the conductors.
• Capacitance in electric circuits is introduced by a device called a capacitor.

Additional Information

• Weber is the unit of Magnetic flux.
• The reciprocal of resistance of a conductor is called its conductance.
• Its SI unit is ohm^-1.
• The magnetic flux density of a point in a magnetic field is the force experienced by a north pole of unit strength placed at that point.
• Its SI unit is Newton/ampere-metre Weber/meter² (Wb/m²) or 1 tesla (T).

Given:

As different Discount percentage is given as shown in the question

Formula used:

Discount = Discount% × Marked Price

Calculation:

⇒ 8% discount on marked price ₹400 = (400 × 8)/100 = ₹ 32

⇒12% discount on marked price ₹240 = (240 × 12)/100 = ₹ 28.8

⇒7% discount on marked price ₹500 = (500× 7)/100 = ₹ 35

⇒10% discount on marked price ₹320 = (320× 10)/100 = ₹ 32

∴ ₹ 35

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of mid-term marks to annual exam marks = 75 : 105 = 5 : 7

Increase in units = 7 − 5 = 2 units

Percentage increase = (Increase ÷ Initial units) × 100

⇒ (2 ÷ 5) × 100 = 40%

∴ The correct answer is 40%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Score in mid-term exam = 75

Score in annual exam = 105

Formula Used:

Percentage Increase = [(Final Value − Initial Value) ÷ Initial Value] × 100

Calculations:

⇒ Actual increase in marks = 105 − 75 = 30

⇒ Percentage increase = (30 ÷ 75) × 100

⇒ Percentage increase = (2 ÷ 5) × 100

⇒ Percentage increase = 2 × 20%

⇒ Percentage increase = 40%

∴ The correct answer is 40%.

Additional Information

Percentage Change

It is the relative change between an old value and a new value, expressed as a percentage of the original value.

Base Value Rule

In any percentage increase or decrease calculation, the denominator is always the initial (starting) value.

Common Fractions

Knowing that 1/5 = 20%, 2/5 = 40%, 3/5 = 60%, and 4/5 = 80% helps in fast calculation for exams.

Given:

[((16 ÷ 4) × 4) ÷ 4]

Using the BODMAS rule,

Calculation:

⇒  [((16 ÷ 4) × 4) ÷ 4]

 ∴ [(4 × 4) ÷ 4] = 16/4 = 4

Given: 

The ratio of father and son 5 years ago = 5 ∶ 3

Calculation:

Let the age of father and son, 5 years ago be 5x and 3x respectively

Then, Present age of Father = 5x + 5

The present age of son = 3x + 5

After 10 years,

The age of father = 5x + 5 + 10 = 5x + 15

The age of son = 3x + 5 + 10 = 3x + 15 

Ratio of father and son = (5x + 15)/(3x + 15)

Checking the given option one by one

Option 1, 

(5x + 15)/(3x + 15) = 3/2

⇒ 10x + 30 = 9x + 45

⇒ x = 15

It gives positive value so it can be the ratio of their age

Option 2,

(5x + 15)/(3x + 15) = 8/7

⇒ 35x + 105 = 24x + 120

⇒ x = 15/11

It gives positive value so it can be the ratio of their age

Option 3,

(5x + 15)/(3x + 15) = 6/5

⇒ 25x + 75 = 18x + 90

⇒ x = 15/7

It gives positive value so it can be the ratio of their age

Option 4,

(5x + 15)/(3x + 15) = 7/3

⇒ 15x + 45 = 21x + 105

⇒ x = -60/6 = -10

Age can not be in negative

∴ 7 ∶ 3 can not be the ratio of their ages after 10 years

Shortcut Trick

Use the weighted average logic for parts of the total quantity.

Let the total quantity be 4 units.

1 unit × 12% + 3 units × x% = 4 units × 15%

12 + 3x = 60

3x = 48 ⇒ x = 16%

∴ The correct answer is 16%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Profit on one-fourth (1/4) of wheat = 12%

Overall profit required = 15%

Formula Used:

Overall Profit % = (n₁ × p₁ + n₂ × p₂) / (n₁ + n₂)

Calculations:

Let the total Cost Price (CP) of the wheat be ₹400.

⇒ CP of 1/4 part = 1/4 × 400 = ₹100

⇒ CP of remaining 3/4 part = 3/4 × 400 = ₹300

⇒ Total Profit needed = 15% of 400 = (15/100) × 400 = ₹60

⇒ Profit from 1/4 part = 12% of 100 = (12/100) × 100 = ₹12

⇒ Profit required from remaining part = Total Profit − Profit from 1/4 part

⇒ Required Profit = 60 − 12 = ₹48

⇒ Profit percent on remaining wheat = (Profit / CP of remaining) × 100

⇒ Profit percent = (48 / 300) × 100

⇒ Profit percent = 48 / 3 = 16%

∴ The correct answer is 16%.

Additional Information

Weighted Average Profit

When a commodity is split into parts, the total profit percentage is the sum of (part fraction × its profit percentage) for all parts.

Profit and Loss Basics

Profit % = (Profit/CP) × 100 and Loss % = (Loss/CP) × 100. Always ensure the base is the Cost Price unless specified.

Alligation Method

This can be used to find ratios or mean values. Quantity 1 / Quantity 2 = (Profit 2 − Mean Profit) / (Mean Profit − Profit 1).

Given:

Let SP and CP be selling price and cost price of cloth (per meter) respectively.

If the profit made by a merchant on selling 45 m of cloth is equal to the selling price of 5m of cloth,

Calculation:

⇒ 45(SP − CP) = 5SP

⇒ 45SP − 45CP = 5SP

⇒ 40SP = 45CP

 ⇒ CP /SP = 40/ 45 = 8/9

Profit percentage = ( SP – CP )/Cp × 100 = ( 9 – 8 )/8 = 1/8 = 12.5%

Given:

An inlet pipe takes 8 hours to fill a tank. An outlet pipe takes 12 hours to empty.

Calculation:

 ⇒ Time is taken to fill in 1 hour = 1/8

 ⇒ Time taken to empty in 1 hour =  -1/12

 ⇒ If both pipes are opened simultaneously tank be filled in 1 hour = 1/8 – 1/12 = 1/24 hours

∴ The total time taken is 24 hours.

Given:

Amount = 2 × Principal 

Rate % = 12 % 

Formula used:

S.I. = (P × R × T)/100

A = P + S.I.

Here,

S.I = simple interest

P = Principal

R = Rate of interest

T = Time

A = Amount

Calculation:

Let the principal be Rs. P

According to the question

A = 2P = P + (P × R × T)/100

⇒ 2P = 100P + (P × 12 × T)/100

⇒ 2P = (100P + 12PT)/100

⇒ 2 = (100 + 12T)/100

⇒ T = 100/12 = $8\frac{1}{3}$ years

∴ Times is  $8\frac{1}{3}$ years

Given:

30 men can do a work in 30 days

Concept used:

If x person can do a work in y days then 1 person can do the work in xy days.

If a person can complete a job in z days then he can do 1/z work in a day.

Calculation: 

As 30 men can do a job in 30 days

⇒ 1 man can do the job in 30 × 30 = 900 days

Work done by 1 man in 1 days = 1/900

∴ 1 man can complete 1/900 work in 1 day

Given :

Formula used = (Sum of Observation) / number of Observation

concept = (5 × n + 8 × m) / m+n

⇒  (5× 200 + 8 × 100)/(200+100)

⇒ 1800/300 = 6

Given :

Calculation :

Total Expenditure on sports is Rs 18000

Here Cricket Exceeds football by (81° – 54°) = 27° 

360° = 18000

10° = 500 

1° = 50

27° = 50 × 27

∴ Amount spent on Cricket exceeds that on football by Rs. 1350

Shortcut Trick

Downstream Speed = Speed of boat + Speed of stream = 6 + 4 = 10 kmph.

Time Taken = Total Distance ÷ Downstream Speed

Time = 30 ÷ 10 = 3 hr.

∴ The correct answer is 3 hr.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed of boat in still water (u) = 6 kmph

Speed of stream (v) = 4 kmph

Distance (d) = 30 km

Formula Used:

Downstream Speed (S_d) = u + v

Time (T) = Distance ÷ Speed

Calculations:

⇒ Downstream Speed = 6 + 4

⇒ Downstream Speed = 10 kmph

⇒ Time taken = 30 ÷ 10

⇒ Time taken = 3 hr

∴ The correct answer is 3 hr.

Additional Information

Upstream Speed

It is the speed of the boat against the direction of the stream. Formula: Upstream Speed = u − v.

Still Water Speed Calculation

If downstream speed (D) and upstream speed (U) are known, then boat speed in still water is (D + U) ÷ 2.

Stream Speed Calculation

If downstream speed (D) and upstream speed (U) are known, then stream speed is (D − U) ÷ 2.

Given:

Two parallelograms stand on equal bases and between the same parallel.

Theorem Used: 

Parallelograms on the same base and between the same parallels are equal in area.

Calculation:

Consider the figure presented above. Now ΔBCE and ΔADF will be congruent. Let us prove this. We have:

1. BC = AD (opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal)
2. ∠BCE = ∠ADF (corresponding angles)
3. ∠BEC = ∠AFD (corresponding angles)

By the ASA criterion, the two triangles are congruent, which means that their areas are equal.

∴ Hence Proved.

Given:

The average marks of 42 students in an examination = 64

Formula Used:

Average of a given Terms/Series/Values = (Sum of the given Terms/Series/Values) / (Number of Terms/Series/Values)

Calculation:

Total Marks  = 42 × 64 = 2688

⇒ Later it was found that the marks of three students were misread as 72, 58, and 44 instead of the actual marks

64, 42, and 26 respectively

∴  the Actual Average is = {2688−(72+58+44)+(64+42+26)}/42 = 63

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Time taken = (Ratio of Length) ÷ (Ratio of Speed)

Ratio of Time = (6 ÷ 3) : (5 ÷ 2)

Ratio of Time = 2 : 2.5

To convert into whole numbers, multiply by 2: (2 × 2) : (2.5 × 2) = 4 : 5

∴ The correct answer is 4 : 5.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of lengths of two trains (L₁ : L₂) = 6 : 5

Ratio of their speeds (S₁ : S₂) = 3 : 2

Formula Used:

Time = Distance ÷ Speed

When a train crosses a stationary pole, the distance traveled is equal to the length of the train.

Calculations:

⇒ Let the lengths be 6x and 5x, and speeds be 3y and 2y.

⇒ Time taken by the first train (T₁) = 6x ÷ 3y = 2(x/y)

⇒ Time taken by the second train (T₂) = 5x ÷ 2y = 2.5(x/y)

⇒ Ratio of time taken (T₁ : T₂) = 2(x/y) : 2.5(x/y)

⇒ T₁ : T₂ = 2 : 2.5

⇒ T₁ : T₂ = 4 : 5

∴ The correct answer is 4 : 5.

Additional Information

Crossing a Platform or Bridge

When a train crosses an object with its own length (like a platform), the total distance is the sum of both: Time = (Length of Train + Length of Platform) ÷ Speed.

Relative Speed Concept

For two trains moving in the opposite direction, relative speed = S₁ + S₂. For the same direction, relative speed = |S₁ − S₂|.

Unit Conversion

To convert speed from km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert from m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

Given:

The mode of the data

26, 32, 26, 28, 26, 24, 31, 24 

Formula Used:

MODE: The mode of a set of data values is the value that appears most often.

Calculation:

The mode of the data 26, 32, 26, 28, 26, 24, 31, 24 is 26 because 26 has appeared the most number of times.

∴ The mode is 26.

Given : 

Area of base is increased by 1.98 times 

Formula used :

Volume of cone = $\frac{1}{3}$π r²h

Calculation:

Area of cone base = π r²

Let r = 10

Area of base of Cone  = π (10)² = 100 π 

According to Question Area of base has been increased by 1.96 times

⇒  1.96(100π ) 

New base Area = 196 × $\frac{22}{7}$

⇒ π r² = 196($\frac{22}{7}$)

⇒ r = 14

Hence volume of cone = $\frac{1}{3}$πr²h

There is no change in height change only occur in radius

Old volume = $\frac{1}{3}$ × $\frac{22}{7}$ × 10² × h 

New volume = $\frac{1}{3}$ × $\frac{22}{7}$ × 14²  × h

Percentage change = $\frac{{\left( {196 - 100} \right) }}{{100}}$ × 100 = 96 %

∴ The volume is increased by 96%.

Given :

Calculation :

Football is less than cricket by 81° – 54° 

Required percentage = $\frac{{81 - 54;}}{{81}} \times 100$

Required percentage = $33\frac{1}{3}\%$ 

∴ $33\frac{1}{3}\%$ less is spent on football than cricket

Solution

Given

When P get 1 rupee Q receive  75 paisa 

when Q get 1 Rupee R receive 50 paisa

Let P get Four Rupees then Q receive 3 rupees 

if Q get 3 then R get 1.5 rupees

⇒ 1.5 x = 36

⇒ x = 24

⇒ P has 4x rupees 

⇒ 4(24) = 96

Given :

6 ÷ 6 × 9 + 6 - 9 × 6 - 6 + 6 × 9

calculation :

$6 \times \frac{1}{6} \times 9 + 6 - 9 \times 6 - 6 + 6 \times 9 ;$

⇒ 15 - 54 -6 + 54

⇒ 9

Given :

HCF = 6 , LCM = 120 

Concept : Product of two number = LCM × HCF

The number must be = 6X , 6Y

6 × 120 = (6X) (6Y)

(XY) = 20 = 5 × 4

hence 

The number must be = 6X , 6Y

so the number is = 6 × 5 , 6 × 4 = ( 30,24)

Given : 

Total number of Boys & Girls = 60

calculation = 

Factors of60 = (1,3,4,5,6,10,12,15,20)

sum of the ratio of boys and girls =,(1,3,4,5,6.10,12,15,20)

1 : 6 Sum is 7 that is not divisible by 60

2 : 3 ,1 : 3 , 3 : 7 sum is divisible by 60

Hence1:6 cant be the ratio of Boys and girls

Given : 

A sum doubles itself in 10 years

Formula used : 

$Amount = P(1+R/100)^n$

If In the compound interest condition, Principal (P) and rate of interest (R) are the same, then 

Time is proportional to the Amount (A) after adding compound interest.

T₁/T₂ = A₁/A₂

Calculation:

Let, Total time to fourfold of itself at the same rate of interest = T2 

T1 = 10 years    (given)

A₁ = 2P    (Amount after 10 years)

T1/T2 = A1/A2

10/T₂ = 2P/4P

T₂ = 20 years

Total time to fourfold of itself at the same rate of interest = 20 years

Given :

Spending on Hockey =63º

Spending on football = 54 º

Spending on cricket = 81 º 

Spending on others = 162 º

Calculation :

162 is what % of total  expenditure 360

⇒ $\frac{{162}}{{360}} \times 100 = 45;\% ;$

Given :

The surface area of two spheres are in ratio = 49 : 25

Formula used : 

Area of sphere =  4π r²

Volume of sphere = $\frac{4}{3}$π r³

Calculation:

According to question 

⇒  4π R² : 4πr² = 49 : 25

⇒ R : r = 7 : 5

Volume of sphere =  $\frac{4}{3}$π (7)³ :  $\frac{4}{3}$π (5)³

R^{3 :} r ³ is 343 : 125

∴ The Correct Answer is 343 : 125

The correct answer is 'Aerial'. 

Key Points

• The most appropriate one-word for the given group of words is 'Aerial'.

• Let's look at the meaning and examples of the given options: 

• | Terrestrial | relating to the earth | Newton investigated terrestrial and celestial motion. | | --- | --- | --- | | Aerial | a structure made of metal rods or wires that receives or sends out radio or television signals | Meanwhile, the massive aerial bombardment of military targets continued unabated. | | Arboreal | of or living in trees | Humans evolved from arboreal ancestors. | | Aquatic | living or growing in, happening in, or connected with water | Waterskiing is my favorite aquatic sport. |

• Therefore, by reading the above explanation we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

The correct answer 'Auditorum'. 

Key Points

• In the options given above the incorrectly spelt word is 'Auditorum'.

• The correct spelling of it is 'Auditorium'.

• Let's look at the meaning and examples of the given options: 

• | Auditorium | the part of a theatre, or similar building, where the people who are watching and listening sit | No smoking in the auditorium. | | --- | --- | --- | | Analysis | the act of analyzing something | Chemical analysis revealed a high content of copper. | | Absolute | very great or to the largest degree possible | I have absolute faith in her judgment. | | Ambition | a strong wish to achieve something | He has already achieved his main ambition in life - to become wealthy. |

• Therefore, by reading the above explanation we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is 'involve the use of'. 

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• In the given sentence 'is involving the use' should be 'involve the use of'.
• Here, 'is' is used incorrectly. Therefore, 'involving' is also incorrect.
• We know that 'practices' is plural. Therefore, instead of using 'involves' we should use 'involve'.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2. 
  

​

Correct Sentence: Modern farming practices involve the use of fertilizers and pesticides. 

Additional Information

• We know that 'used to' is used to show past habits. 
• Example: She used to live in London but now she lives in New York.
• The other structures of 'used to':
• Verb+used to+V1+ing shows habitual action. 
• Example: I am used to getting up late in the morning.

The correct answer is ''that are similar in''. 

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, the usage of the preposition 'to' is incorrect.
• We know that in the given sentence 'similar' should be followed by the preposition 'in'.
• The word 'similar' means "looking or being almost, but not exactly, the same".
• Example: Paul is very similar in appearance to his brother.
• By reading the above explanation we find that the correct answer is Option 4. 
  

​

Thus, the Correct Sentence is: Tissue is a group of cells that are similar in structure and are organized together.

The correct answer is 'Unbelievable'. 

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'Incredible' is 'Unbelievable'.

• Let's look at the meaning and examples of the given words: 

• | Incredible | impossible, or very difficult, to believe | The latest missiles can be fired with incredible accuracy. | | --- | --- | --- | | Unbelievable | extremely surprising | She eats an unbelievable amount of food. | | Ordinary | not different or special or unexpected in any way; usual | Readers of the magazine said they wanted more stories about ordinary people and fewer stories about the rich and famous. | | Unspectacular | not spectacular; unremarkable | She had been an unspectacular student | | Impossible | If an action or event is impossible, it cannot happen or be achieved | It was impossible to sleep because of the noise. |

• Therefore, by reading the above definition we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is 'A piece of cake'. 

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given idiom 'A piece of cake' is 'A very easy task'.
• A piece of cake: something that is very easy to do
• Example: The exam was a piece of cake.
• Therefore, by reading the above explanation, we find that the correct answer is Option 3. 
  

​

Correct Answer: A very easy task. 

Additional Information

• The other idioms of the word 'piece':
• A piece of the action: a part of the profits or advantages that come from an activity
• Example: When it comes to lawsuits, everyone seems to want a piece of the action.
• A piece of the pie: a share of something
• Example: When the business started making money, everyone in his family wanted a piece of the pie.
• A piece of the action: involvement in something successful that someone else has started
• Example: Now research has proved that the drug is effective, everyone wants a piece of the action.

The correct answer is 'produce by'. 

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• The erroneous Part 'produce by' should be 'produced by'.
• We know that the given sentence is in the passive voice.
• Therefore, the third form of the verb 'produce' that is 'produced' should be used.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'produced by'. 
  

​

Thus, the Correct Answer: Raw materials are substances that are either found naturally or produced by farmers.

The correct answer is 'Illogical'. 

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Rational' is 'Illogical'. 

• | Rational | based on clear thought and reason | There must be some rational explanation for what happened. | | --- | --- | --- | | Illogical | not reasonable, wise, or practical, usually because directed by the emotions rather than by careful thought | It is an illogical statement, because if one part is true, then the other must be false. | | Impatient | easily annoyed by someone's mistakes or because you have to wait | He's a good teacher but inclined to be a bit impatient with slow learners. | | Conscious | to notice that a particular thing or person exists or is present | My tooth doesn't exactly hurt, but I'm conscious of it all the time. | | Polite | behaving in a way that is socially correct and shows an understanding of and care for other people's feelings | She sent me a polite letter thanking me for my invitation. |

• By reading the above explanation we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

​

दिए गए शब्द 'Rational' का सबसे उपयुक्त antonym 'Illogical' है।

• | Rational | स्पष्ट विचार और तर्क के आधार पर | | --- | --- | | Illogical | उचित, बुद्धिमान या व्यावहारिक नहीं, आमतौर पर क्योंकि सावधान विचार के बजाय भावनाओं द्वारा निर्देशित किया जाता है | | Impatient | आसानी से किसी की गलतियों से नाराज हो जाते हैं या क्योंकि आपको इंतजार करना पड़ता है | | Conscious | ध्यान देना कि कोई विशेष चीज या व्यक्ति मौजूद है या मौजूद है | | Polite | एक तरह से व्यवहार करना जो सामाजिक रूप से सही है और अन्य लोगों की भावनाओं की देखभाल और देखभाल को दर्शाता है |

The correct answer is 'will be noticed'. 

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• In the given sentence 'will be noticed' should be 'will notice'.
• We know that the given sentence is an example of 'the first conditional'.
• Its structure is: If+Present Indefinite, Simple Future
• Example: If he works hard, he will surely get the job.
• Therefore, by reading the above explanation we find that the correct answer is Option 3. 
  

​

Correct Sentence: If you plant a seed, you will notice that it takes some time to grow. 

Additional Information

• The other Important Structures of Conditional Sentences:
• If+Subject+had+V₃, S+would+have+V₃.
• Example: If I had seen you, I would have stopped my car.
• If+Subject+V₂, Subject+would+V₁.
• Example: If I were the king, I would reform these tax laws.

The correct answer is 'were employed'. 

Key Points

• The most appropriate word to fill in the blank is 'were employed'.
• We know that the given sentence is in the past tense.
• Here, 'Most workers' is plural. Therefore, a plural helping verb should be used.
• As the given sentence is in the past tense. Hence, 'were' should be used.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3. 
  

​

Correct Sentence: Most workers were employed as labourers in factories where their wages were fixed. 

Additional Information

• If the point of time words are mentioned in the sentence like 'Last, Yesterday, the other day, ago, back, before, last, etc.' then the second form of the verb is used.

• Example: Tina appeared in the UPSC examination last year.

• The following phrases are followed by past indefinite/simple tense:

• It's high time, It's Time, It's about time, etc.

• Example: It's high time I started preparing for the exam in Hindi Literature.

• रिक्त स्थान की पूर्ति के लिए सर्वाधिक उपयुक्त शब्द है 'were employed'।

• हम जानते हैं कि दिया गया वाक्य past tense में है।

• यहाँ 'most workers' बहुवचन है। इसलिए, एक बहुवचन helping verb का उपयोग किया जाना चाहिए।

• जैसा कि दिया गया वाक्य भूतकाल में है। इसलिए, 'were' का प्रयोग किया जाना चाहिए।

• अतः सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 है।
  

​

सही वाक्य: Most workers were employed as labourers in factories where their wages were fixed.

The correct answer is 'Bileive'. 

Key Points

• In the options given above the incorrectly spelt word is 'Bileive'.

• The correct spelling of it is 'Believe'.

• Let's look at the meaning and examples of the given options: 

• | Bracelet | a piece of jewellery that is worn around the wrist or arm | I took the bracelet back to the jewellers' because the catch was faulty. | | --- | --- | --- | | Biannual | happening twice a year | The committee has just published its biannual report. | | Believe | to think that something is true, correct, or real | He believes that all children are born with equal intelligence. | | Brochure | a type of small magazine that contains pictures and information on a product or a company | Enclosed is a brochure that highlights the benefits that you can receive as a corporate donor. |

• By reading the above explanation we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is 'farmer's'. 

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• In the given sentence 'farmer's' should be 'farmers'.
• Here, in the given sentence possessive of the word 'farmer' is used wrongly.
• In the given sentence plural form of 'farmer' should be used.
• Possessive pronouns show that something belongs to someone. Here, 'farmer' refers to the whole class.
• Therefore, 'farmers' should be used. And the correct answer is Option 1. 
  

​

Correct Sentence: Scholars have studied the lives of present-day farmers who practice agriculture.  

Additional Information

• We should avoid 'Possessive Pronouns' with words such as: 
• Separation, Leave, Excuse, Mention, Report, Pardon, Sight, Favor.

The correct answer is 'Joy'. 

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'Delight' is 'Joy'.

• Let's look at the meaning and examples of the given words:

• | Delight | (something or someone that gives) great pleasure, satisfaction, or happiness | My sister's little boy is a real delight. | | --- | --- | --- | | Joy | great happiness | They were filled with joy when their first child was born. | | Grief | very great sadness, especially at the death of someone | Her grief at her son's death was terrible. | | Dismay | a feeling of unhappiness and disappointment | *The fans watched in/with dismay as their team lost 42–11.*​ | | Dread | to feel extremely worried or frightened about something that is going to happen or that might happen | He's dreading the exam - he's sure he's going to fail. |

• Therefore, by reading the above explanation we find that the correct answer is Option 2.