SSC GD Constable Previous Year Paper (Held on: 13th February 2019 Shift 1)

The logic is:

Mouse : Rodent → Mouse belongs to the class Mammalia and order Rodent.

Similarly,

Bee : ? → Bee belong to the Insect class.

Hence, ‘Insect’ is the correct answer.

A. – and ÷

Given expression: 13 + 26 × 2 – 5 ÷ 3 = 11

After interchanging the symbols, we get:

L.H.S = 13 + 26 × 2 - 53

= 13 + 10.4 – 3

= 23.4 – 3

= 20.4 ≠ R.H.S

B**. × and ÷**

Given expression: 13 + 26 × 2 – 5 ÷ 3 = 11

After interchanging the symbols, we get:

L.H.S = 13 + 26 ÷ 2 – 5 × 3

= 13 + 13 – 15

= 26 – 15

= 11 = R.H.S

C. + and –

Given expression: 13 + 26 × 2 – 5 ÷ 3 = 11

After interchanging the symbols, we get:

L.H.S = 13 - 26 × 2 + 5 ÷ 3

= 13 – 52 + 1.67

= 14.67 – 52

= -37.33 ≠ R.H.S

D. – and ×

Given expression: 13 + 26 × 2 – 5 ÷ 3 = 11

After interchanging the symbols, we get:

L.H.S = 13 + 26 - 2 × 5 ÷ 3

= 13 + 26 – 3.34

= 39 – 3.34

= 35.66 ≠ R.H.S

Hence, ‘× and ÷’ is the correct equation.

The logic is:

Hence, ‘109’ is the correct answer.

The option that would follow next in the given figure series is shown below:

The figure is moving in clockwise direction 90^◦.

Hence, ‘option D’ is the correct answer.

The figure from amongst the four alternatives, that when placed in the blank space (?) of figure X will complete the pattern when rotation is not allowed, is shown below:

Hence, ‘Option 2’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

11 : 225 → (11 + 4)² = 225

Similarly,

14 : ....... → (14 + 4)² = 324

Hence, ‘324’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

In a column:

The first number × third number = Second number

1^st column: 13 × 9 = 117

3^rd column: 12 × 11 = 132

Similarly,

2^nd column: 22 × 7 = 154

Hence, ‘154’ is the correct answer.

The least possible venn diagram is:

I. All cats are hens. → False

It is possible but not definite. As there is no condition in given statements that prevents all cats to be hens. Also, there is no condition in given statements that ensures that all cats are hens. Hence, "All cats are hens" and "All cats are not hens" both cases are possible.

Possibility of  "All cats are hens" where all given statements are satisfied:

Possibility of  "All cats are not hens" where all given statements are satisfied:

When a conclusion case is only a possibility but not definite, we consider such conclusions as False. 

Hence, "All cats are hens" is a false conclusion.

II. Some cats are hens. → True

As 'All hens are lions' and 'All lions are cats'. So, some cats are definitely hens.

Hence, only conclusion II follows.

The logic is:

Hence, ‘52’ is the correct answer.

The option that most closely resembles the mirror image of the given word if the mirror is placed at the right side is shown below:

Hence, ‘option C’ is the correct answer.

The option in which the figure marked "x" is embedded is shown below:

Hence, ‘option D’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Except the first two letters of the word, the remaining letters are written from right to left and the first two letters are then written after it, to obtain the code.

Similarly,

Hence, ‘HTIMSDLGO’ is the correct answer.

Solution:

1. Seven friends O, P, Q, R, S, T and U are watching a movie sitting in a row.
2. S is sitting at one extreme end.
3. Q is sitting second to the right of S.
4. P is sitting between O and Q. O is not at any extreme end.
5. U is not sitting at any extreme end.
6. R is sitting immediate left of T.

So, the final arrangement will be as shown below:

Hence, ‘P’ is sitting in the middle.

When the transparent sheet is folded at the dotted line, the change in arrangement that will take place is shown below:

Hence, ‘option D’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Hence, ‘GRQ’ is the correct answer.

1. Eight friends A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting around circular table facing each other for a lunch.
2. A is opposite F and third to the right of B.
3. G is between F and D.
4. H is to the left of D.
5. E is between C and A.

The final arrangement will be as shown below:

Hence, ‘D’ is sitting opposite C.

. J, K L, M, N and O are six teachers. Each one teaches a different subject out of Hindi, English, Math, Science, Social Science and Arts, not necessarily in the same order.

2. Each of them teaches on only one day, from Monday to Saturday, not necessarily in the same order.
3. J teaches Arts on Saturday.
4. L teaches neither English nor Social Science, but he teaches on Thursday.
5. Wednesday is reserved for Maths taught by K.
6. O teaches Science a day before N.
7. Social Science is taught a day before Arts.

As, ‘M’ is left, it will occupy the only vacant space in teachers column.

English and Hindi are left to be placed, but English can’t be placed in the row of Thursday, so the only position left for English is in the row of Tuesday and Hindi will be placed in L’s row.

So, the final arrangement is:

Hence, ‘English’ is taught by N.

All options except ‘tomato’ grow underground, while tomato grows on a tree.

Hence, ‘tomato’ is the odd one out.

The logic is:

Similarly,

Hence, ‘QPR’ is the correct answer.

The least possible venn diagram is:

I. Some insects are larvae. → True (As, Some larvae are insects)

II. Some insects are men. → True (As, Some men are insects)

Hence, both conclusions follow.

The logic is:

All numbers except ‘561’ are prime numbers.

Hence, ‘561’ is the odd one out.

We can apply an alternative method called the sum of the digits as:

1. 109 → 1 + 0 + 9 = 10

2) 561 → 5 + 6 + 1 = 12

3. 127→ 1 + 2 + 7 = 10

4. 307 → 3 + 0 + 7 = 10

Here the sum of digits of each number is 10 except number 561.

Hence, 561 is the odd one out.

Logic: Second is the intense version of first.

Unhappy : Sad → Sad is intense version of Unhappy.

Similarly,

Speak : ? → Shout is intense version of Speak.

Hence, ‘shout’ is the correct answer.

The logic is: 

Similarly,

Hence, ‘55’ is the correct answer.

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between Udaipur, Rajasthan, and India is shown below:

Udaipur is in Rajasthan and Rajasthan is in India.

Hence, ‘option 4’ is the correct answer.

The logic is:

A. MIF → M = 13, I = 9, F = 6 and (13 + 9 + 6) = 28

B. RGC → R = 18, G = 7, C = 3 and (18 + 7 + 3) = 28

C. DPR → D = 4, P = 16, R = 18 and (4 + 16 + 18) = 38 ≠ 28

D. EFQ → E = 5, F = 6, Q = 17 and (5 + 6 + 17) = 28

The sum of the place value of the letters of all the options except ‘C’ is 28.

Hence, ‘DPR’ is the odd one out.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e., Nadia Murad

• Nadia Murad was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2018 for her works and efforts "to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict".
• She was a captive of the IS and Murad was repeatedly subjected to rape and other abuses.
• The Nobel Prize for 2019 has been awarded to Abiy Ahmed Ali, the Prime Minister of Ethiopia for his decisive initiative to resolve the border conflict with neighboring Eritrea.
• The Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded 100 times to 134 Nobel Laureates between 1901 and 2019, 107 individuals and 27 organizations.
• The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway.
• It has been awarded annually to those who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and promotion of peace congresses".

The correct answer is Mehrgarh

Key Points:

• Mehrgarh is a neolithic site located near the Bolan pass on the Kacchi Plain of Balochistan, Pakistan, to the west of the Indus River Valley.
• It is the earliest known neolithic site in the Northwest Indian sub-continent, with early evidence of farming (wheat and barley), herding (cattle, sheep, and goats), and metallurgy.
• The oldest known example of the wax-lost techniques comes from a 6000-year-old wheel-shaped copper amulet found at Mehrgarh.

Additional Information

The correct answer is option 3 i.e., Forest

Key Points

• The ecosystem is completely dependent on solar radiation.
• For eg. forests, oceans, grasslands, lakes, rivers, and deserts.
• This type of ecosystem is known as the Natural ecosystem.
• Man-made ecosystems are those ecosystems that are dependent on solar energy.
• For eg. agricultural fields and aquaculture ponds.
• Such ecosystems are also dependent on fossil fuels.
• For eg. urban and industrial ecosystems.
• An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the non-living components of their environment, interacting as a system.
• These biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows.
• A forest ecosystem is a functional unit or a system that comprises soil, trees, insects, animals, birds, and man as its interacting units.

The correct answer is a hospice.

Key Points

• A khanqah is a building designated especially for gatherings of Sufi brotherhood.
• In the past and to a lesser extent nowadays, they often served as hospices for Saliks (Sufi travelers), and Islamic students.
• Khanegah is also known as Khanqah or Khaniqah or Ribat.
• Khanegah's are very often found adjoined to dargahs (shrines of Sufi saints), and turbes (tombs of notables), mosques, and madrasas (Islamic schools).
• In the Arab world, especially North Africa, the Khaneqah is known as Zawiyah.
• Khanqahs later spread across the Islamic world, from Morocco to Indonesia.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e., prehistoric rock shelters

• Bhimbetka, a world heritage site, in the Raisen district of the state of Madhya Pradesh is known for its prehistoric rock shelters.
• It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that consists of seven hills and over 10 km. It was designated so in the year 2003.
• Most of the credit to discover the caves goes to Shri V.S. Vakankar.
• The Bhimbetka site consists of the following :
• Paleolithic evidence from excavations with shelters indicating the antiquity of human settlement.
• Stone and Iron Age walls and floors within the rock shelters.
• 400 painted rock-shelters in five clusters.
• Forest areas around the rock paintings.
• Most paintings are from the Mesolithic era.

Additional Information

• Dr Vishnu Wakankar visited the area with a team of archaeologists and reported several prehistoric rock shelters.
• The pre­-historic caves of Bhimbetka was discovered in 1957.
• It was first noticed by archaeologist Dr Vishnu Wakankar from the train window on his way to Nagpur.
• It was similar to the rocks that he had previously studied in France and Spain.
• One of the largest prehistoric complexes.
• It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in India.
• Bhimbetka cave covers the prehistoric, Paleolithic, and Mesolithic periods, as well as the historic period.

The correct answer is Vinegar.

Key Points

• When you will dip blue litmus paper into vinegar, the color will change from Blue to red. as vinegar is an acid that will change the color of blue litmus paper to red.
• When you will dip the red litmus paper into vinegar, the color remains unchanged. This is because the red litmus paper changes into blue when added to a base.
• The main use of litmus is to test whether a solution is acidic or basic.
• Blue litmus paper turns red under acidic conditions and red litmus paper turns blue under basic or alkaline conditions, with the color change occurring over the **pH range of 4.5-8.3 at 25 degrees Centigrade.**​

Additional Information

The correct answer is Local-self government.

Key Points

• The Indian Constitution was amended later with an additional level of governance along with the Central and the State governance by adding the Panchayats and Municipalities making it a three-tier government.
• This was done by the amendment to the Constitution in 1992.
• The 73rd Amendment of the Constitution has added a new part IX consisting of 16 Articles and the Eleventh Schedule to the Constitution.
• The 73rd Amendment added Articles 243 to 243O and added the three-tier system of Panchayats - Gram Sabha, Panchayat Samiti, and Zila Parishad.
• The Eleventh Schedule covers 29 subjects within the functions of the Panchayat.
• The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act mandated the setting up and devolution of powers to urban local bodies or city governments as the lowest unit of governance in cities and towns.
• The 74th Amendment Act added the Twelfth Schedule to the Constitution of India. It consists of 18 matters.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is option 3 i.e., Onam

Key Points

• The festival of 'Onam' is associated with the 'Vamana' incarnation of the Lord Vishnu.
• Vamana, 5th of the 10 incarnations (avatars) of the Hindu god Vishnu.
• Onam is a festival celebrated in Kerala which is observed every year in the month of August-September.
• In the Rigveda, Vishnu took three strides, with which he measured out the three worlds - earth, heaven, and the space between them.
• The images of Vamana usually show him already grown to giant size, one foot firmly planted on earth and the other lifted as if to take a stride.

Additional Information

The correct answer is option 2 i.e., Source of the drainage system

• The factors controlling or determining the drainage pattern in a region include the topography, slope, structural control, nature of rocks, tectonic activities, the geological history of that region, climatic conditions of the area, etc.
• The geometric arrangements of the streams in a region are known as a drainage pattern.

The correct answer is In the affected eye, the image of a distant object is formed beyond the retina

• Myopia is a defect of an eye in which it cannot see distant objects clearly.
• A person with Myopia can see nearby objects clearly.
• Myopia is caused by due to - High converging power of the lens, and Eye-ball being too long.
• Due to the high converging power of the lens, the image is formed in front of the retina and a person cannot see clearly the distant objects.
• Myopia or short-sightedness can be corrected by wearing spectacles containing a concave lens.
• There are three common defects of vision :
• ​Myopia or short-sightedness
• Hypermetropia or long-sightedness
• Presbyopia.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e., Qutub-ud-din Aibak

• Qutub-ud-din Aibak was the founder of the Slave dynasty in India, who ruled from 1206 to 1210.
• Qutub-ud-din Aibak was also known as Lakh Baksha Sultan because of his generosity.
• He laid the foundation of Qutub Minar which was later completed by Iltutmish.
• The Quwwat-al-Islam mosque was also commissioned by him.
• He built the famous 'Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra' mosque in the city of Ajmer, Rajasthan.
• In 1210, while playing Chaugan, he fell from the horse and died. His tomb is located in Anarkali Bazaar at Lahore.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e., Department of Economic Affairs.

Key Points

• The Economic Survey of India, the document that is brought out a day ahead of the General Budget, is the flagship annual report of the Finance Ministry.
• The survey is an assessment of the progress of the economy over the 12-month period.
• The Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance presents the survey in the Parliament every year, just before the Union Budget.
• The survey is prepared under the guidance of the Chief Economic Adviser of India. The present Chief Economic Adviser of India is V Anantha Nageswaran.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e., a paid servant to supervise weavers, collect supplies, and examine the quality of cloth

• Gomasthas were the paid servants who were appointed by the East India Company to supervise weavers, collect supplies and examine the quality of clothes.
• The word 'gomastha' means agent in Persian.
• The gomasthas were Indian agents of the British East India Company, who signed bonds with the local weavers and artisans to deliver goods to the Company.
• The prices of the goods were fixed by the gomasthas.
• They acted arrogantly, marched into villages with sepoys and peons, and punished weavers for delays.
• A petition by the weavers of Santipur factory in 1801 contained various complaints regarding the gomasthas and their subordinates.

The correct answer is Narmada.

• The Dhuandhar Falls is a waterfall located in the Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh, formed by the river Narmada.
• The word Dhuandhar is derived from two Hindi words - Dhuan (smoke) + Dhar (flow) meaning a waterfall where we get smoke-flow-like feeling.
• The Dhuandhar Falls are located on the Narmada River in Bhedaghat and are 30 meters high.
• The Narmada river rises from the Amarkantak Plateau near Anuppur district Madhya Pradesh.
• It is also known as "Life Line of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat" for its huge contribution to these two states.

Additional Information

The correct answer is the 86^th amendment.

Key Points

• The 86^th amendment to the Constitution of India in 2002, provided the Right to Education as a Fundamental Right in Part-III of the Constitution.
• The amendment inserted Article 21A which made the Right to Education a fundamental right for children between 6-14 years.
• The 86^th amendment provided for follow-up legislation for Right to Education Bill 2008 and finally Right to Education Act, 2009.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e., A local name of 'slash and burn' agriculture

• Slash and burn agriculture is a farming method that involves the cutting and burning of plants in a woodland or forest to create a field called a swidden.
• It is also known as fire-fallow cultivation.
• The steps for slash and burn agriculture are :
• Prepare the field by cutting down vegetation, plants that provide food or timber that may be left standing.
• The downed vegetation is allowed to dry until just before the rainiest part of the year to ensure an effective burn.
• The plot of land is burned to remove vegetation, drive away pests, and provide a burst of nutrients for planting.
• Planting is done directly in the ashes left after the burn.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e., Virat Kohli

• Virat Kohli topped the MRF Tyres ICC Test Player Rankings at the year-end of 2018.
• As per the latest rankings (2020) from MRF in the Test Player Rankings, Steve Smith has topped the chart followed by Virat Kohli.
• The Test Bowling Rankings of 2020 is topped by Pat Cummins (Australia).
• Jasprit Bumrah (8th) is the only Indian in the rankings in Top-10.
• Australia is the Number One Test Team as per the rankings (updated on 3rd August 2020), followed by New Zealand, and India.
• In the Women's section, Australia has topped the MRF ICC Test Team Rankings followed by India.
• In ODI cricket team rankings, England has topped the table followed by India.
• In T2O cricket team rankings, Australia has topped the table and is followed by the England team. (All updated on 3rd Aug 2020).

The correct answer is Gaganyaan

Key Points

• Mission Gaganyaan has been dubbed as 'India's maiden human spaceflight program'.
• India is planning to send the astronauts into space by 2025.
• Under the Gaganyaan schedule**, three flights** will be sent in orbit.
• Of the three, there will be two unmanned flights and one human spaceflight.
• The human space flight program, called the Orbital Module will have three Indian astronauts, including a woman.

The correct answer is RBI.

• The Reserve Bank of India is the body responsible for regulating the formal sources of credit in India.
• RBI started its operation on April 1, 1935.
• RBI was established via the RBI Act of 1934, so it is also known as a statutory body.
• The nationalization of RBI took place in 1949 and from January 1, 1949, RBI started working as a government-owned bank.
• The original headquarters of RBI were in Kolkata, but in 1937, it was shifted to Mumbai.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e., Guru Nanak Dev University

• ​Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar won the prestigious Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (MAKA) Trophy for 2017-18.
• The MAKA Trophy, first given in 1956-57, is awarded annually to the University with the best all-round performance.
• The winner gets a replica of the trophy, a certificate, and a cash prize of Rs 10 lakh, which is to be utilized for sports activities.
• GNDU has claimed the trophy for the 22nd time. Punjabi University was second with a total of 88840 points.
• The MAKA trophy is a coveted award for the Punjab and Haryana Universities and usually an expansive celebration follows after the award.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e., The process is used for making nuclear bomb

Key Points

• A nuclear bomb uses either uranium or plutonium and relies on fission, a nuclear reaction in which a nucleus or an atom breaks into two pieces.
• The by-products of nuclear fission include free neutrons, photons usually in the form of gamma rays, and other atomic fragments such as beta particles and alpha particles.
• Nuclear fission produces energy for nuclear power and drives atomic weapon explosions**.**
• Nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei are combined to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons or protons).
• An example of nuclear fusion is the process of four hydrogens coming together to form helium.
• A hydrogen bomb is based on the principle of uncontrollable nuclear fusion.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e., Rajiv Kumar

• Rajiv Kumar is the second and the present Vice-Chairman of the NITI Aayog.
• He assumed office on 1st September 2017.
• He also serves as the Chancellor of the Gokhale Institute of Economics and Politics in Pune.
• He is the director of the Pahle India Foundation, a non-profit research organization that specializes in policy-oriented research and analysis.
• The NITI Aayog is a policy think-tank of the Government of India, established with the aim to achieve sustainable development goals with cooperative federalism by fostering the involvement of the State of Governments of India in the economic policy-making process using a bottom-up approach.
• It was formed on 1st January 2015.

Important Points

• Dr Suman K Berry is the current **Vice-**chairman of NITI Aayog.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e., a Union of States

• Article 1 of the Constitution states that India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States.
• The territory of India shall consist of: The territories of the states, the Union Territories, and any territory that may be acquired in the future.
• The names of the states and the Unions have been described in the First Schedule.
• The first schedule categorizes the States and Union Territories in four categories :
• Part A - Includes the nine provinces which were under British India.
• Part B- Princely states consisted of this category.
• Part C - Centrally administered five states.
• Part D - Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
• The Seventh Amendment of the Constitution of 1956 abolished the distinction between Part-A and Part-B states.
• Subsequently, states were reorganized on a linguistic basis.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e., Magnesium hydroxide - Mg(OH)₂

Explanation:

• Magnesium hydroxide is an organic compound with the chemical formula Mg (OH)₂.
• It is a white solid with low solubility in water. It occurs in nature as the mineral brucite.
• It is a common component of antacids, such as milk of magnesia, as well as laxatives.
• Other uses of Magnesium hydroxide include :
• It is also a component of antiperspirant.
• Its powder is used industrially to neutralize acidic wastewaters.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e., IMPS

Key Points

• IMPS allows the transfer of money 247365 days.
• The full form of IMPS is an Immediate Payment Service.
• IMPS is an instant payment inter-bank electronic funds transfer system in India.
• Unlike RTGS, the service is available 24*7 throughout the year including the bank holidays.

GIVEN:

Time taken by tap K to fill the tank = 8 hours

Time taken by tap L to fill the same tank = 20 hours

CALCULATION:

Tank filled by tap K in 1 hour = 1/8

Tank filled by tap L in 1 hour = 1/20

Tank filled by tap K and L together in 1 hour = 1/8 + 1/20 = 7/40

∴ Time taken by tap K and L to fill the whole tank together = 40/7 hours

Let the total work be LCM of 8 and 20 = 40 unit

Tank filled by tap K in 1 hour = 40/8 = 5 unit

Tank filled by tap L in 1 hour = 40/20 = 2 unit

Tank filled by tap K and L together in 1 hour = 7 unit

∴ Time taken by tap K and L to fill the whole tank together = 40/7 hours

Given:

The diameter of the base is 12 cm.

Height is 8 cm

Formula Used:

The curved surface area of the cone = π × r × l

Where,

r = radius,

l = slant height,

l = √(r2 + h2) ; h = height

Calculation:

Diameter = 12 cm,

⇒ r = D/2 = 12/2 = 6 cm

Using the above formula,

l = √(r2 + h2) 

⇒ l = √(6² + 8²) 

⇒ l = √(36 + 64) = √100 

⇒  l = 10 cm

The curved surface area of the cone,

⇒ (22/7) × 6 × 10

⇒ 1320/7

∴ The curved surface area of the cone is 1320/7 cm²

GIVEN:

SP of first article = Rs. 960

CP of 2^nd article = Rs 960

Profit on first article = 20%

Loss on 2^nd article = 20%

FORMULA USED:

Profit% = (SP – CP)/CP × 100

Loss% = (CP – SP)/CP × 100

CALCULATION:

After profit of 20%, CP of first article = 960 × (100/120) = Rs. 800

After loss of 20%, SP of 2^nd article = 960 × (80/100) = Rs. 768

Total CP of both article = 800 + 960 = Rs. 1760

Total SP of both article = 960 + 768 = Rs. 1728

∴ Total loss = 1760 – 1728 = Rs. 32

CALCULATION:

Lowest exports = 500

Second highest exports = 1200

∴ Ratio = 5 : 12

CALCULATION:

Annual snow falls of S3 = 20% of 700

Annual snow falls of S2 = 15% of 700

⇒ Difference = (20 – 15)% of 700

∴ Difference = 5% of 700 = 35 cm

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Amount to Principal for 2 years = 17745 : 10500

Simplify the ratio (divide by 105): 169 : 100

For a 2-year period, take the square root of the ratio: √169 : √100 = 13 : 10

Rate % = (Difference / Base value) × 100 = (13 − 10) / 10 × 100 = 3 / 10 × 100 = 30%

∴ The correct answer is 30%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Principal (P) = ₹10500

Amount (A) = ₹17745

Time (n) = 2 years

Formula Used:

A = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ

Calculations:

⇒ 17745 = 10500(1 + R/100)²

⇒ 17745 / 10500 = (1 + R/100)²

⇒ 1.69 = (1 + R/100)²

⇒ √1.69 = 1 + R/100

⇒ 1.3 = 1 + R/100

⇒ R/100 = 1.3 − 1 = 0.3

⇒ R = 0.3 × 100 = 30%

∴ The correct answer is 30%.

Additional Information

Compound Interest (CI) Basic Formula

Interest is calculated on the initial principal and also on the accumulated interest of previous periods. Formula: CI = P[(1 + R/100)ⁿ − 1].

Effective Rate for 2 Years

The effective interest rate for two years can be calculated using the successive percentage formula: R_eff = x + y + (xy/100).

Difference between CI and SI for 2 Years

The difference between compound interest and simple interest for a period of 2 years is given by the formula: Difference = P(R/100)².

Quarterly and Half-Yearly Compounding

If interest is compounded half-yearly, the rate becomes R/2 and time becomes 2n. For quarterly, the rate is R/4 and time is 4n.

GIVEN:

10 km and 20 km distance is covered in 1 hours and 5 hours respectively.

FORMULA USED:

Average speed = Total distance/total time

Calculation:

Total distance = 10 + 20 = 30 km

Total time = 1 + 5 = 6 hours

∴ Average speed = 30/6 = 5 km/hour

As the distance is different therefore, we will not use the below formula.

Average Speed = (2 × S1 × S2)/(S1 + S2) where S1 and S2 are different speed.

GIVEN:

Initial speed = 25 km/hour

Total distance = 225 km

CALCULATION:

Distance travelled in 1^st hour ate speed of 25 km/hour = 25 km

Due to increase in speed by 7 km/hour at the end of each hour

Distance travelled in 2^nd hour = 25 + 7 = 32 km

Similarly, in 3^rd 4^th and 5^th hour distance will be = 39, 46 and 53 km

So distance travelled by him till now in 5 hours = 195 km

Remaining distance = 225 – 195 = 30 km

Speed in next hour will be 53 + 7 = 60 km/hour

To travel left 30 km at speed of 60 km/hour, time taken = 30/60 = 30 minutes

∴ 225 km will be travelled in = 5 hours + 30 minute = 11/2 hours

CALCULATION:

Average exports = (500 + 750 + 1000 + 1200 + 1100 + 900 + 1300)/7

∴ Average Exports from years Y1 to Y7 = 6750/7 = 964.28

CONCEPT:

Area of triangle = (1/2) × height × base

CALCULATION:

Let the bases of the two triangles are 3x and 4x respectively

Let the height of the two triangles are a and b respectively.

Ratio of areas = 1 : 2

(1/2) × a × 3x: (1/2) × b × 4x = 1 : 2

⇒ 3ax: 4bx = 1 : 2

⇒ 3ax/4bx = 1/2

⇒ a/b = 4/6

∴ Ratio of their height, a: b = 2 : 3

FORMULA USED:

Average = Sum of all numbers/number of terms

CALCULATION:

35 = (23 + 27 + 29 + 36 + 47 + x)/6

⇒ 162 + x = 210

⇒ x = 210 -162

∴ x = 48

Concept:

The largest common factor of two or more numbers is called the highest common factor.

The smallest positive number that is a multiple of two or more numbers is called Least common multiple

Formula Used:

LCM × HCF = Product of two number

Calculation:

Let the number be a and b

LCM × HCF = a × b

⇒ a × b = 150     ---- (1)

Given than,

⇒ a + b = 25     ----(2)

Taking square on both sides,

⇒ (a + b)² = 25²

⇒ a² + b² + 2ab = 625

⇒ a2 + b2 + 2(150) = 625

⇒ a2 + b2 = 625 – 300 = 325      ----(3)

(a – b)² = a² + b² – 2ab 

⇒ (a – b)2 = 325 – 2(150)

⇒ (a – b)2 = 325 – 300 = 25

⇒ a – b = 5      ----(4)

Adding equation (2) and (4),we get,

⇒ a + b + a – b = 25 + 5

⇒ 2a = 30

⇒ a = 30/2 = 15

Substituting a = 15, in equation (4)

⇒ a – b = 5,

⇒ 15 – b = 5

⇒ b = 15 – 5 = 10 

∴ required difference of these two numbers = 15 – 10 = 5

GIVEN:

First discount = 15%

Next discount = 19%

Loss due to next discount = Rs. 332

CALCULATION:

Let the Marked price be = 100 units

After 15% discount, SP = 85 unit

After 19% discount, SP = 81 unit

Due to difference in SP he earns Rs. 332 less

⇒ 85 – 81 = 4 unit and 4 unit = Rs. 332

Hence 1 unit = 332/4 = Rs. 83

∴ Marked price = 100 unit = 83 × 100 = Rs. 8300

Given:

Ratio of coins of Rs. 1, Rs. 2, and Rs. 5 = 8 ∶ 1 ∶ 5

Formula Used:

Total rupees = Number of coins × Value of the coin

Calculation:

According to the ratio given:

Let the 1 Rs, 2 Rs. and 5 Rs. coin be = 8x, x and 5x respectively

Total rupees = Rs. 840

⇒ 8x × 1 + x × 2 + 5x × 5 = Rs. 840

⇒ x = 840/35 = 24

Number of 5 Rs coins = 24 × 5 = 120

∴ The total number of coins of Rs. 5 in the bag is 120.

Calculation:

Let Y = 100

X = 100(1 + 80/100) = 180

Therefore,

Required percentage = (80/180) × 100 = 44.44%

∴ Required percentage is 44.44%

GIVEN:

P, Q and R invest sum in the ratio = 7: 4: 9

Total profit earned = Rs. 6680

FORMULA USED:

Profit = Sum invested × Time period

CALCULATION:

As they all invested for same time period

Share of P = (7/20) × 6680 = Rs. 2338

Share of Q = (4/20) × 6680 = Rs. 1336

∴ Sum of share of P and Q = 2338 + 1336 = Rs. 3674

GIVEN:

Profit on 25 articles = 25%

Loss on remaining 75 articles = 25%

FORMULA USED:

Loss% = [1 – (SP/CP)] × 100

CALCULATION:

Let the cost price of 1 article be = Rs. 1

Cost price of 100 article = Rs 100

Cost Price of 25 article = Rs. 25

Selling price of 25 article at 25% profit = 25 × (5/4)

Cost price of remaining 75 articles = Rs. 75

Selling price of 75 article at 25% loss = 75 × (3/4)

⇒ Selling price of 100 article = 25 × (5/4) + 75 × (3/4)

⇒ Loss% = 100 – (350/4) = -12.5% where (- sign) indicates loss

∴ Loss% = 12.5

Let the cost price of 1 article be = Rs. 1

Cost price of 100 article = Rs 100

According to the question,

out of 100, 25 sell in 25% profit

⇒ Selling price = 25 × (100 + 25)/100

⇒ Rs. 31.25

Remaining 100 - 25 = 75 article

75 sell at 25% loss

⇒ 75 × (100 - 25)/100

⇒ 56.25

Total selling price = 31.25 + 56.25 = 87.5

Loss% = (100 - 87.5)× 100/100 = 12.5%

∴ The loss % is 12.5.

CONCEPT:

Mode of data is the number that appears most frequently in a data set.

CALCULATION:

23 is repeated most frequently (i.e. 6 times) hence mode = 23

GIVEN:

K, L and M invest sum in the ratio = 15: 20: 27

Total profit earned = Rs. 10230

FORMULA USED:

Profit = Sum invested × Time period

CALCULATION:

As they all invested for same time period

Share of K = (15/62) × 10230 = Rs. 2475

Share of L = (20/62) × 10230 = Rs. 3300

∴ Difference between share of K and L = 3300 – 2475 = Rs. 825

Concept Used:

Using the BODMAS principle,

Calcualtion:

⇒ 11 ÷ 4 - 2/3 × 9/8 + 11 

⇒ 11 ÷ 4 – 3/4 + 11

⇒ 11/4 – 3/4 + 11

⇒ 8/4 + 11

⇒ 13

∴ The answer is 13.

GIVEN:

Principal = Rs. 8250

Interest = Rs. 2475

Time = 5 years

FORMULA USED:

Simple Interest = (Principal × Rate × time)/100

CALCULATION:

2475 = (8250 × R × 5)/100

∴ R = 6%

GIVEN:

Average monthly salary of 30 employees and 5 managers = Rs 80000

CALCULATION:

Total salary of 30 employees and 5 managers = 35 × 80000 = 2800000

Let the salary of new manager be = x

⇒ (2800000 – 180000 + x)/35 = 78500

⇒ x = 2747500 – 2620000 = Rs. 127500

∴ Salary of new manager = Rs. 127500

Shortcut Trick

Let the salary of new manager be = Rs. x

⇒ (180000 – x) = (80000 – 78500) × 35

⇒ x = Rs. 127500

Shortcut Trick

Using the chain rule (M₁D₁ = M₂D₂):

⇒ 40 × 56 = 32 × D₂

⇒ D₂ = (40 × 56) ÷ 32

⇒ D₂ = 2240 ÷ 32 = 70

∴ The correct answer is 70 days.

Alternate Method

Calculations:

⇒ Assuming the efficiency of 1 mechanic is 1 unit/day.

⇒ Total Work = Efficiency of 40 Mechanics × Days

⇒ Total Work = 40 × 56 = 2240 units

⇒ Days required by 32 Mechanics = Total Work ÷ Efficiency of 32 Mechanics

⇒ Days = 2240 ÷ 32

⇒ Days = 70

∴ The correct answer is 70 days.

Additional Information

Chain Rule (MDH Formula)

(M₁ × D₁ × H₁) ÷ W₁ = (M₂ × D₂ × H₂) ÷ W₂, where M is Men, D is Days, H is Hours, and W is Work.

Inverse Proportion

When the amount of work is constant, the number of workers is inversely proportional to the number of days required (M × D = Constant). More mechanics will take fewer days, and fewer mechanics will take more days.

CONCEPT:

CALCULATION:

⇒ 2000 ÷ 1/2 of 25/2 × 5/2 of 4/25 - 5

⇒ [2000 ÷ (1/2 × 25/2) × (5/2 × 4/25) - 5]

⇒ 2000 ÷ 25/4 × 20/50 – 5

⇒ 2000 × 4/25 × 20/50 – 5

⇒ 80 × 4 × 2/5 – 5

⇒ 16 × 4 × 2 – 5

⇒ 128 – 5 = 123

FORMULA USED:

Volume of right circular cone = (1/3) × π × r² × h

Volume of right circular cylinder = π × r² × h

CALCULATION:

let radius of cone = ‘r₁’ cm

Height of cone h₁ = 25 cm, height of cylinder h₂ = 27 cm

Radius of cylinder r₂ = 30/2 = 15 cm

According to question:

(1/3) × π × r₁² × h1 = π × r₂² × h2

⇒ r₁² × 25 = 27 × 3 × 15 × 15

⇒ r₁² = 27² or r₁ = 27 cm

∴ Diameter of the base of the cone = 2 × 27 = 54 cm

The correct answer is option 4), i.e., In agreement with.

Explanation:

• In harmony with- to agree with another idea, feeling, etc.
• Example: The direction suggested by Mary was not in harmony with the initial idea of the project.

​

Additional Information

• The phrase is derived from the musical concept of a 'Harmony', which means the combination of simultaneously sounded musical notes.
• The word 'Harmony' came from the Greek 'Harmos' and Latin 'Harmonia', meaning 'joining together'.

The correct answer is Repelled.

Key Points

• Attracted means cause (someone) to have a liking for or interest; to come closer. ((किसी को) पसंद या रुचि रखने का कारण; करीब आने के लिए)
• So, its opposite meaning must be to cause a dislike for something; or move away. (इसका विपरीत अर्थ यह होना चाहिए कि किसी चीज़ के लिए नापसंदगी पैदा करना; या दूर हटो)

Important Points

• Let's look at the meanings of the given options:
• Repelled- be repulsive or distasteful to something; move apart from. (किसी चीज के प्रति प्रतिकारक या अरुचिकर होना; से अलग हटो)
• Enchanted- filled with delight; charmed. (प्रसन्नता से भरा हुआ; मन प्रसन्न कर दिया)
• Transformed- make a marked change in the form, nature, or appearance. (रूप, प्रकृति या रूप में उल्लेखनीय परिवर्तन करना)
• Disturbed- having a normal pattern or functioning disrupted. (एक सामान्य पैटर्न या कामकाज बाधित होना)
• Out of these, only Repelled is an appropriate antonym for Attracted.

The correct answer is option 3), i.e. Adopted.

Key PointsExplanation: The blank is used after the noun, which suggests that it should contain the main verb.

The verb should mean 'take responsibility to care for' the cat since she 'brought it home'.

Important PointsLet's look at the meanings of the given options:

• Assumed- suppose to be the case, without proof.
• Adapted- make (something) suitable for a new use or purpose; modify.
• Adopted- legally take (a child or a pet) and bring it up as one's own.
• Approved- officially agreed or accepted as satisfactory.

Given the context, only Adopted can be the appropriate verb here. Thus, the completed sentence is: My sister adopted a cat and brought it home.

The correct answer is option 4), i.e. No improvement.

Explanation:

• The underlined part, 'sound of the sea waves' is grammatically correct.
• None of the given options can improve the sentence.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Chased her away.

Key Points

• The sentence uses the incorrect simple present tense verb 'Chase'.
• The first verb is the simple past tense 'Longed', which means the second verb must be simple past/ perfect tense.
• The correct verb here should be option 2  i.e. chased Since the given sentence is in the simple past tense.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: Sivagami longed to touch the chisel but her grandfather chased her away.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. With which.

Explanation:

• The error lies in option 2, which uses the incorrect pronoun/determiner 'which'.
• Which- used to refer to a specific thing mentioned before. Example: These flowers, which only grow in spring, are beautiful.
• Here, 'which' cannot be correct, as the sentence does not specify the thing with which he does not agree.

Important Points

• The correct determiner here should be the general 'what'.
• What- used to refer to a piece of general information mentioned previously. Example: He asked me what I wanted for dinner.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: I’m sorry, but I don’t agree with what you just said.

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. Prosper.

Key Points

• Thrive means to grow or develop well or vigorously. (च्छी तरह से या सख्ती से बढ़ना या विकसित होना)
• Example: The plants need sunlight in order to thrive.

• Let's look at the meanings of the given options:
• Prosper- flourish physically; grow strong and healthy. (शारीरिक रूप से समृद्ध; मजबूत और स्वस्थ होना)
• Promote- support or actively encourage a cause or a venture. (किसी कारण या उद्यम का समर्थन या सक्रिय रूप से प्रोत्साहित करना)
• Foster- encourage the development of (something, especially something desirable). ((कुछ, विशेष रूप से कुछ वांछनीय) के विकास को प्रोत्साहित करें)
• Progress- forward or onward movement towards a destination. (किसी गंतव्य की ओर आगे बढ़ना)
• Out of these, only Prosper can be an appropriate synonym for Thrive.

Confusion Points

• Foster also has a similar meaning to Thrive. (Foster का भी thrive के समान अर्थ है)
• But notice the subtle difference where 'Foster' talks about 'supporting growth' while 'Prosper' means growth itself. (लेकिन सूक्ष्म अंतर पर ध्यान दें जहां 'Foster' 'समर्थन विकास' की बात करता है जबकि 'thrive' का अर्थ 'स्वयं विकास' है

The correct answer is option 3) i.e. Disgraceful.

Key Points

Let's look at the meanings of the given options:

Displeased- feeling or showing annoyance and displeasure.

Irrational- not logical or reasonable.

Disgraceful- bringing shame or disgrace.

Ignorant- lacking knowledge or awareness in general.

Out of these, only Disgraceful shows the same meaning as the given group of words.

Additional Information

Disgraceful is an adjective used to describe morally unacceptable behavior in a particular setting.

Example: Mary's behavior towards the guests was utterly disgraceful.

The correct answer is A subject of dispute.

Key Points

• 'Bone of contention' means a subject or issue over which there is continuing disagreement.
• Example: Abortion laws have been a longstanding bone of contention in the United States.

Additional Information

• The phrase has derived from two dogs fighting over a bone, which is the central focus of conflict.

• The phrase was coined around the 1500s as 'Bone of dissension', which later evolved into its current form.

• 'Bone of contention'  का अर्थ एक ऐसे विषय या मुद्दे से है जिस पर निरंतर असहमति हो।

• उदाहरण: Abortion laws have been a longstanding bone of contention in the United States.

Additional Information

• यह वाक्यांश दो कुत्तों से लिया गया है जो एक हड्डी पर लड़ रहे हैं, जो संघर्ष का केंद्रीय केंद्र है।
• यह मुहावरा 1500 के आसपास 'bone of dissension' के रूप में गढ़ा गया था, जो बाद में अपने वर्तमान स्वरूप में विकसित हुआ।

The correct answer is option 4) i.e. Into.

Explanation:

The blank is used after the verb 'Jumped' and before the noun 'pond'. This suggests that it must contain a preposition.

The sentence talks about the ducks going 'inside' the pond. So, the preposition must reflect this.

Let's look at how the given prepositions are used:

Over- at a higher level or layer than. Example: The man saw flames over the Donut shop.

In- expressing the situation where one thing is enclosed by something. Example: London is in England. 

Under- extending or directly below. Example: He saw blood under his nose.

Into- showing where one thing is physically surrounded by something. Example: We jumped into the cold river.

Out of these, only Into shows the intended meaning.

Thus, the complete sentence is: Once the mother duck jumped into the pond, the ducklings followed suit.

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. Thoroughfare.

Key Points 

• Out of the given options, only option 1st shows the correct spelling 'Thoroughfare'.
• None of the other options reflect the correct spelling of the word.

Important Points

• Thoroughfare means a road or path forming a route between two places or the main road in a town. (किसी शहर में दो स्थानों या मुख्य सड़क के बीच मार्ग बनाने वाली सड़क या मार्ग)
• Example: Until recently, the national parks were used as a thoroughfare by tourists and locals alike.

The correct answer is option 2), i.e., To be heard.

Explanation:

• The sentence uses the infinitive 'To hear', which is incorrect here.
• The first verb is the simple past tense 'Was'. So, the underlined part cannot be the infinitive, which usually reflects a simple present tense.

Important Points 

• The sentence is given in passive voice; so the infinitive must also be in its passive form.
• Passive Infinitives are used to show actions whose agent is not mentioned. They are written as 'To be + Past participle' form of the verb. Example: To be done, To be cleaned, etc.
• Here, as there is no clear listener of the sound mentioned, we must use the passive infinitive 'To be heard'.

Thus, the complete sentence is: The ticking of the clock was the only sound to be heard.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. As far the eye.

Explanation:

• The error lies in option 2, which uses the incomplete phrase 'as far the eye'.
• The sentence is using the phrase to join the sentences, so it is a conjunction phrase.

Key Points

• The correct and complete conjunction phrase here is 'as far as'.
• As far as- for a great enough distance to reach.
• Example: As far as I could see, there was no danger there.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: As far as the eye could reach, nothing could be seen except the ruined columns of an old building.

The correct answer is option 3) i.e. Infallible.

Key Points

• Let's look at the meanings of the given options:
• Irrefutable- impossible to deny or disprove.
• Inaccurate- not accurate.
• Infallible- incapable of making mistakes or being wrong.
• Inevitable- certain to happen; unavoidable.
• Out of these, only Infallible shows the same meaning as the given group of words.

Additional Information

Infallible also means something that can never fail.

Example: No political system is infallible in real life.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Merciless.

Key Points:- 

• Benevolent means well-meaning and kindly. (अच्छा और दयालु)
• So, its opposite meaning must be someone who is cruel or without mercy. (इसका विपरीत अर्थ कोई ऐसा होना चाहिए जो क्रूर या दयाहीन हो)

Important Points

• Let's look at the meanings of the given options:
• Dull- lacking interest or excitement. (रुचि या उत्साह की कमी)
• Merciless- showing no mercy. (दया न दिखाना)
• Friendly- kind and pleasant. ( दयालु और सुखद)
• Injurious- causing or likely to cause damage or harm. (नुकसान या हानि पहुँचाने या होने की संभावना)
• Out of these, only Merciless is an appropriate antonym for Benevolent.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Breakthrough.

Explanation:

The blank is used after the adjective 'major', suggesting that it should contain a noun.

The noun should also mean 'a boost' in career, given the context of 'success'.

Important Points

Let's look at the meanings of the given options:

Breakout- a forcible escape, especially from prison. 

Breakthrough- an instance of achieving success in a particular sphere or activity.

Breakup- the separation or breaking up of something into several pieces or sections.

Breakdown- a failure of a system or a state of normal existence of something.

Out of these, only Breakthrough is an appropriate noun here.

The completed sentence is: His success in the competitive examination gave him a major breakthrough in his career.

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. Better in.

Explanation:

• The error lies in option 1, which uses the incorrect preposition 'In'.
• The correct preposition to be used here should be 'of'.

Important Points

• Using 'Of' forms the phrase 'Gets the better of'.
• Get the better of (someone)- gain an advantage over or defeat (someone) by superior strength or ability.

​

Thus, the rectified sentence is: She always gets the better of quarrels whether it is with girls or boys.

Confusion Points

• *"*Get the better of (someone)" is a phrase. That's why 'the best' is not used here.
• We often make silly mistakes in this type of question.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Kindergarten.

Key Points 

• Out of the given options, only option 2, Kindergarten, reflects the correct spelling.
• Kindergarten means a nursery school for very young children. (बहुत छोटे बच्चों के लिए नर्सरी स्कूल)
• Example: Emma loved going to kindergarten as a child.
  

Confusion Points 

• ​You may think that the correct spelling should be 'Kindergarden' i.e. Option 1.
• But the correct spelling is 'Kindergarten.'
• It is so because the word **kindergarten comes from the German language, kinder means child, and Garten means garden. (**ऐसा इसलिए है क्योंकि Kindergarten शब्द जर्मन भाषा से आया है, Kinder का अर्थ है बच्चा, और Garten का अर्थ है बगीचा।)
• Kindergarten is a place where children go before they are old enough to go to school.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 2

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Having failed.

Explanation:

• The blank is used in the beginning, suggesting that it should contain conjunction to join the sentences.
• The second verb used is simple past tense 'did not try', which depends on the action suggested by the blank (which happened before the second verb).
• This means the conjunction must also reflect perfect tense, showing a completed action before the simple past tense verb.

Important Points

• The blank should contain the perfect participle 'Having failed'.
• Perfect participles show completed action and are used in the passive voice as well as a conjunction. Perfect Participle= Having + Past participle form of the verb.
• Example: Having eaten her breakfast, Mary went to school.

Thus, the complete sentence is: Having failed in the first attempt, he did not try again.