SSC CHSL Tier-1 2024: Official Paper (Held On: 10 Jul, 2024 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Option 4)

Key Points

• The verb tense in the fourth part of the sentence, 'ate his food', is incorrect.
• The sentence describes an ongoing characteristic from childhood to the present, so the present perfect tense should be used.
• The correct form should be 'has eaten his food' to indicate the action started in the past and continues to the present.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 4)

Correct sentence: Since childhood, Monty has eaten his food fast and he will not change.

Additional Information

• When describing actions or states that began in the past and continue to the present, the present perfect tense is used.
• Example: She has lived in New York since 2010.
• The present perfect is formed using 'has/have + past participle' of the verb.
• Example: They have finished their homework.

The correct answer is Option 1)

Key Points

• The phrase "a mailbox again" should be corrected to "the mailbox again" to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• The word "a" suggests any mailbox, whereas "the" specifies a particular mailbox that is already known to the speaker and listener.
• Therefore, the correct phrase should be "the mailbox again".
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence: After your insistence, my sister checked the mailbox again.

Additional Information

• In English grammar, definite and indefinite articles ("the" and "a" or "an") are used to indicate specificity or generality respectively.
• "The" is used when referring to something specific or previously mentioned.
• "A" or "an" is used when referring to something in a general sense or when it is mentioned for the first time.

The correct answer is Option 2)

Key Points

• In the third part of the given sentence, the singular form of the verb 'go' is incorrect.
• In the given sentence, the subject Rahul is singular.
• The verb should agree in number with the subject. Since Rahul is singular, the verb should be goes.
• Example: Rahul goes to the market every Sunday.
• Therefore, the singular form of the verb 'goes' should be used in place of the plural form 'go'.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Correct sentence: In order to connect these themes to a wider historical context, Rahul goes beyond aesthetic analysis.

The correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points

• The verb "are believing" is incorrect because "believe" is a stative verb and is typically not used in continuous forms.
• The correct form should be "believe."
• Thus, the error is located in part C of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Correct Sentence: "It is sad that you believe in superstitious rituals."

Additional Information

• A: "It is sad" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• B: "that you" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• D: "in superstitious rituals." – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• No error – This would be the correct option if there were no mistakes in the sentence, but there is an error in part C.

The correct answer is Option 1)

Key Points

• Context of Difficulty: The passage discusses the frustration of trying to concentrate but being unable to, which implies a negative, challenging situation.
• Sincere Intentions: The phrase "with the most sincere of intentions" suggests that the person is making a genuine effort to focus, only to be thwarted.
• Common Emotion: Frustration is a common emotion experienced when one’s efforts are continually disrupted or when expected results are not achieved.
• Relevance to the Situation: The context of being unable to complete a task due to wandering thoughts clearly indicates a negative emotional response, making "frustrating" the apt choice.
• Logical Flow: The word "frustrating" logically completes the sentence, maintaining the continuity of the discussion about challenges in concentration.
• Opposite Outcomes: The other options like "exciting", "interesting", and "surprising" convey positive or neutral emotions, which do not align with the difficulty expressed in the passage.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

 Additional Information

• Exciting: This would imply a positive feeling, which is not fitting in a context describing a challenge.
• Interesting: While this suggests engagement, it fails to capture the negative aspect of being unable to concentrate.
• Surprising: Indicates an unexpected outcome, which does not convey the emotional difficulty described.

The correct answer is Option 1)

Key Points

• Context of Distraction: The passage describes a scenario where one is unable to concentrate on studying, and their thoughts are not focused.
• Logical Continuation: The word "wandering" logically follows the context of being unable to complete the task due to distractions.
• Appropriate Description: "Wandering" accurately describes thoughts that are unfocused and moving aimlessly, which fits the situation of interrupted concentration.
• Consistency with Initial Sentence: The earlier mention of "sincere intentions" contrasts well with thoughts that are "wandering," emphasizing the struggle to maintain focus.
• Relevance to Techniques: The passage later discusses techniques to improve concentration, which aligns with the need to address "wandering" thoughts.
• Common Expression: The phrase "wandering thoughts" is a commonly used expression to describe a lack of focus, making it a familiar and understandable choice.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

 Additional Information

• Interesting: Would imply engagement and curiosity, which do not fit the context of interrupted concentration.
• Tiring: Suggests fatigue, which is not directly related to the inability to focus.
• Worrying: Indicates a state of anxiety or concern, which is different from the mere distraction of thoughts.

The correct answer is Option 1)

Key Points

• Context of Improvement: The passage discusses techniques to improve the state of concentration, indicating a need to elevate or increase focus.
• Appropriate Action: The word "enhance" means to improve the quality, value, or extent of something, which fits the goal of increasing concentration.
• Logical Fit: "Enhance" logically completes the sentence by suggesting that concentration is something that can be made better through specific techniques.
• Related to Techniques: The use of the word "enhance" aligns well with the actionable methods or practices that can be used to boost concentration.
• Conducive Environment: The passage later mentions creating an environment conducive to thought, which supports the idea of enhancing one's ability to concentrate.
• Common Usage: "Enhance concentration" is a commonly used phrase in educational and cognitive contexts, making it an easily understood and appropriate choice.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Additional Information

• Commit: Implies a promise or dedication, which does not directly relate to the act of improving concentration.
• Discover: Means to find something that was not known before, which is unrelated to increasing the level of concentration.
• Convince: Means to persuade someone to do something, which does not align with the idea of improving one's own concentration.

The correct answer is 'attempt'.

Key Points

• The word "attempt" means to make an effort to achieve or complete a task. (प्रयास करना)
• "Imagine," "announce," and "lead" do not fit the context of making an effort to create a conducive environment.

​Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Complete Sentence: To begin with, one should attempt to create the physical environment that is conducive to clear thought.

Additional Information

• Imagine (कल्पना करना): to think of or create something in one's mind that is not real.
• Announce (घोषणा करना): to make a public statement about something.
• Lead (नेतृत्व करना): to guide or be in charge of a group or activity.

The correct answer is Option 1)

Key Points

• Context of Study Environment: The passage discusses creating an environment that supports concentration, implying a need for focused thought.
• Consistency with Goal: The goal is to enhance concentration, and a focused environment aligns perfectly with this objective by eliminating distractions.
• Logical Continuation: "Focused thought" logically follows the context of trying to complete a task with concentration; it indicates clarity and concentration in one's thinking process.
• Conducive Environment: A physical environment that promotes "focused thought" is critical for studying or any cognitive task, making this the appropriate complement.
• Common Usage: The term "focused thought" is commonly used in educational and productivity contexts, making it a recognizable and relevant choice.
• Alignment with Techniques: Techniques to improve concentration would naturally lead to creating an environment that supports focused thought.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Additional Information

• Joyful: Suggests an environment that promotes happiness, which is not directly related to promoting focus and concentration.
• Cautious: Implies being careful or wary, which does not align with the context of concentrating or focused thinking.
• Dazzling: Conveys something that is extremely bright or impressive, which could actually distract rather than promote concentration.

The correct answer is Option 4)

Key Points

• The idiom pacing up and down suits the situation where someone is waiting anxiously or impatiently.
• Hence, the correct sentence is "They were waiting for their family members who were returning from a pilgrimage. Therefore, they were pacing up and down on the platform."

Additional Information

• The other idioms provided do not fit contextually:
• Playing a joke: This is not relevant to waiting anxiously.
• Rolling up their sleeves: This implies preparing for work or a challenge, not waiting.
• Running behind time: This suggests being late, which is not the same as waiting for someone else's arrival.

The correct answer is Option 4)

Key Points

• The word "petty" means something that is of little importance or trivial. (तुच्छ)
• Example: She was annoyed by the petty complaints of her colleagues.
• "Small" refers to something that is of a size that is less than normal or usual. It can also mean insignificant or unimportant. (छोटा)
• Example: They live in a small house at the end of the street.
• Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4.'

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Big (बड़ा): Of considerable size, extent, or intensity.
• Example: They moved into a big house with a large garden.
• Large (विशाल): Of considerable or relatively great size, extent, or capacity.
• Example: The company is planning to build a large factory in the city.
• Consequential (परिणामी): Following as a result or effect; significant or important.
• Example: The decision to close the factory was consequential for the local economy.

The correct answer is Option 2)

Key Points

• The word "harassed" means to subject someone to aggressive pressure or intimidation. (परेशान करना)
• Example: She felt harassed by the constant phone calls from telemarketers.
• "Harassed" is the correct spelling of the word in the given sentence. (परेशान किया गया)
• Example: He was harassed by his peers for his unique fashion sense.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Option 2.'

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Harased (गलत वर्तनी): Incorrect spelling of "harassed".
• Example: This is not a correct English word, hence no example can be provided.
• Harrased (गलत वर्तनी): Incorrect spelling of "harassed".
• Example: This is not a correct English word, hence no example can be provided.
• Harrassd (गलत वर्तनी): Incorrect spelling of "harassed".
• Example: This is not a correct English word, hence no example can be provided.

The correct answer is Option 1)

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the phrase 'newly arisen evidence could have proved' is incorrect.
• The word 'evidence' is a singular noun and it should be followed by a singular verb.
• The correct phrase should be 'is proof' as it correctly matches the singular noun 'evidence'.
• Therefore, the correct phrase should be 'This newly arisen evidence is proof to finally put the culprit behind bars.'.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence: This newly arisen evidence is proof to finally put the culprit behind bars.

Additional Information

• The word 'proof' is a noun and should be used correctly in sentences to match the context and grammatical structure.
• Ensure that the verb form matches the noun it refers to in terms of singularity or plurality.
• For example, 'The documents are proof of his innocence.' Here, 'documents' is plural and matches the plural verb 'are'.

The correct answer is Option 2)

Key Points

• In the given sentence, there is a contrast between the speaker's doubt and the listener's certainty.
• The idiom convinced fits well here to express certainty about the story.
• Hence, the correct statement is: I am doubtful about his story, though you seem to be convinced.

Additional Information

• The other options do not appropriately complete the contrast:
• Pleasant: Refers to being agreeable or enjoyable, does not fit the context of belief or doubt.
• Regretting: Refers to feeling remorse, not relevant to the contrast in belief.
• Uncertain: Would imply both parties are doubtful, which does not match the context given.

The correct answer is Option 2)

Key Points

• The phrase lest means "to avoid the risk of" or "for fear that," making it the correct choice in this context.
• The correct statement should read "We shall rehearse thrice before the final performance lest we make errors in the dialogues."

Additional Information

• The other options do not fit the contextually correct intention of preventing errors:
• Can we make errors: This does not fit logically or grammatically.
• But we make errors: This indicates a contrast, not prevention of errors.
• For we make errors: This indicates a reason, not prevention.

The correct answer is Option 3)

Key Points

• The word "abolish" means to formally put an end to a system, practice, or institution. (समाप्त करना)
• Example: The government decided to abolish the old tax system.
• "Establish" means to set up on a firm or permanent basis, to create or initiate. (स्थापित करना)
• Example: The company plans to establish a new branch in the city.

Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'abolish' is 'establish'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Eradicate (उन्मूलन करना): To completely destroy or put an end to something.
• Example: Efforts are being made to eradicate poverty in the region.
• Ensure (सुनिश्चित करना): To make sure or certain of something.
• Example: The company needs to ensure the safety of its workers.
• Encourage (प्रोत्साहित करना): To give support, confidence, or hope to someone.
• Example: Teachers should encourage students to ask questions.

The correct answer is Option 3)

Key Points

• The word "Definate" is incorrect and should be spelled as "Definite". (स्पष्ट)
• Example: She has a definite plan for her career.
• "Definite" refers to something that is clearly stated or decided; not vague or doubtful. (स्पष्ट)
• Example: We need a definite answer by tomorrow.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Option 3.'

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Genuine (सच्चा): Truly what something is said to be; authentic.
• Example: She has a genuine interest in helping others.
• Appraisal (मूल्यांकन): An act of assessing something or someone.
• Example: The annual performance appraisal will be conducted next week.
• Stretch (खींचना): To extend or draw out something to its full length.
• Example: It's important to stretch before exercising to avoid injuries.

The correct answer is Option 4)

Key Points

• Seema has a dominating nature, so she wants to keep control of everything in her life.
• The phrase 'keep control' is the most appropriate option because it implies exerting influence or authority over something.
• Other options like 'keep record', 'keep touch', and 'keep calm' do not fit the context of dominating nature.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Correct sentence: Seema has a dominating nature, so she wants to keep control of everything in her life.

Additional Information

• In English, certain phrases fit specific contexts better. For instance, 'keep control' is used when exerting authority or influence is implied.
• Other phrases like 'keep record' mean to maintain records, 'keep touch' means to stay in contact, and 'keep calm' means to stay composed.

The correct answer is Option 3)

Key Points

• Definition: The idiom "time and again" means doing something on multiple occasions, which aligns directly with the meaning of "repeatedly."
• Context of Use: In the sentence, Manish warned Rounak multiple times about the consequences, indicating a repetitive action.
• Synonym Fit: "Repeatedly" is a synonym for "time and again," meaning the same action is performed over and over.
• Frequency Implication: The idiom implies a sense of persistent effort or action, which is captured well by the word "repeatedly."
• Consistency: Using "repeatedly" maintains the sentence's original intent of emphasizing the numerous warnings given by Manish.
• Common Recognition: "Repeatedly" is a familiar and commonly understood word that accurately conveys the intended meaning of the idiom.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Additional Information

• Hardly ever: Means very rarely, which contradicts the repeated nature of the idiom.
• At intervals: Implies occasional actions at specific times, which does not capture the repetitive frequency.
• Not often: Indicating infrequent actions, which is opposite to the frequent actions implied by the idiom.

The correct answer is Option 1)

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the preposition 'during' is incorrect.
• The preposition 'for' is used to indicate a period of time.
• Therefore, the correct preposition 'for' should be used in place of 'during'.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence: They studied for three hours.

Additional Information

• The preposition 'during' is used to indicate a period of time within which an action happens, but it is not used to indicate the duration of an action.
• Example: She read a book during the flight.
• The preposition 'for' is used to indicate the length of time an action continues.
• Example: She read a book for two hours.

The correct answer is Option 1)

Key Points

• The word "Powerful" means having great power or strength. (शक्तिशाली)
• Example: She is a powerful leader who inspires many people.
• "Impotent" refers to lacking power or ability; unable to take effective action. (अशक्त)
• Example: The government seemed impotent in the face of the economic crisis.

Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'Powerful' is 'Impotent'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Wild (जंगली): Living or growing in the natural environment; not domesticated or cultivated.
• Example: The wild animals roamed freely in the forest.
• Strong (मजबूत): Having the power to move heavy weights or perform other physically demanding tasks.
• Example: He is strong enough to lift the heavy box by himself.
• Manly (मर्दाना): Having qualities traditionally associated with men, such as strength or courage.
• Example: He showed a manly determination to overcome the challenges.

The correct answer is Option 1)

Key Points

• The word "candid" means being open, honest, and straightforward in speech or expression. (ईमानदार)
• Example: She gave a candid interview about her experiences in the industry.
• "Deceitful" refers to someone who is dishonest and aims to deceive or mislead others. (धोखेबाज)
• Example: He was known for his deceitful tactics in business negotiations.

Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'candid' is 'deceitful'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Reckless (लापरवाह): Showing a lack of care about the consequences of an action.
• Example: His reckless driving almost caused an accident.
• Reticent (अल्पभाषी): Not revealing one's thoughts or feelings readily.
• Example: She was reticent about her plans for the future.
• Prudent (सावधान): Acting with or showing care and thought for the future.
• Example: It is prudent to save money for unexpected expense.

The correct answer is Evaluate)

Key Points

• The word "Estimate" means to roughly calculate or judge the value, number, quantity, or extent of something. (अनुमान लगाना)
• Example: The engineer had to estimate the cost of the new project before it could be approved.
• "Evaluate" refers to the process of assessing or appraising something to determine its value, quality, or importance. (मूल्यांकन करना)
• Example: The teacher will evaluate the students' essays based on their content and clarity.

Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'Estimate' is 'Evaluate'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Profit (लाभ): The financial gain made in a transaction.
• Example: The company made a significant profit in the last quarter.
• Appropriate (उचित): Suitable or proper in the circumstances.
• Example: It is appropriate to wear formal attire to the wedding.
• Verify (सत्यापित करना): Make sure or demonstrate that something is true, accurate, or justified.
• Example: The scientist had to verify the results of the experiment before publishing them.

The correct answer is Option 3)

Key Points

• The word "Innovate" means to introduce new ideas, methods, or products. (नवाचार करना)
• Example: The company continues to innovate to stay ahead of its competitors.
• "Copy" refers to making a duplicate of something, often without adding any original input or creativity. (नकल करना)
• Example: He tends to copy others' work instead of coming up with his own ideas.

Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'innovate' is 'copy'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Solve (समाधान करना): To find an answer to a problem or question.
• Example: She managed to solve the complex equation in just a few minutes.
• Invent (आविष्कार करना): To create or design something that has not existed before.
• Example: Thomas Edison invented the light bulb.
• Finance (वित्त): To provide funding for a person, enterprise, or project.
• Example: The bank agreed to finance the new business venture.

The correct answer is Option 4)

Key Points

• The phrase 'give away' is incorrect in this context.
• The correct phrasal verb to use is 'give up', which means to quit or stop doing something.
• The phrasal verbs 'give off' and 'give out' do not fit the context of quitting smoking.
• Example: If you give up smoking, your health will improve.
• Therefore, the correct phrase to be used is 'give up' in place of 'give away'.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Correct sentence: If you give up smoking, your health will improve.

Additional Information

• The phrasal verb 'give off' means to emit or release something.
• Example: The flowers give off a pleasant fragrance.
• The phrasal verb 'give out' means to distribute something.
• Example: The teacher gave out the test papers to the students.

Given: 20 March 2011 was Sunday.

Now,

2011 to 2019 = 8 Years (6 Ordinary Year and 2 Leap Year).

And, In 8 Years = 2 Leap years and 6 Ordinary Year.

So, 2 Leap Year has 4 odd days,

And, 6 Ordinary Year has 6 odd days.

Total odd days = 4 + 6 = 10.

10 odd days → 10/7 = 1 week and 3 odd days.

then, 20 March 2019 will be Sunday + 3 = Wednesday.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (Number of letters in the word)³ = Code.

Now,

'PBI' is coded as '27'

PBI has 3 letters, so → 3³ = 27.

'ZEBRA' is coded as '125'

ZEBRA has 5 letters, so → 53 = 125.

Similarly, for 'BIRD'

BIRD has 4 letters, so → 43 = 64.

'BIRD' will be coded as '64'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below :

Conclusions:

I. Some air is earth → Does not follow (As all earth is fire and some fire is air. So it is possible but not definite.)

II. Some fire is water → Follow (As all water is earth. So whole water comes in earth which whole comes in fire, therefore, some fire is earth is true.)

∴ Here, Only conclusion (II) follows.​

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion (II) follows"

The logic followed here is:

So,​

Option - 1) FJN

Option - 2) LHJ

Option - 3) QUY

Option - 4) XBF

Thus, out of all options "LHJ" is the odd one out.

Hence, "Option 2" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is :-

From the given two different cubes the adjacent sides are as shown below :

As T is common on both the dice, it is clear that U, P, R, and S are adjacent to it, and the remaining i.e., N will be opposite to it.

Opposite pairs:

P → S

U → R

T → N

So, the opposite side of "R" will be side "U".

Hence, the correct answer is "R".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, "42" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, "223" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: 1^st number ÷ 9 = 2^nd number.

Now,

For, 72 : 8

⇒ 72 ÷ 9 = 8.

For, 198 : 22

⇒ 198 ÷ 9 = 22.

Similarly, for 351 : ?

⇒ 351 ÷ 9 = 39.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:​

​ 

Hence, "Option 2" is the correct answer.

Given : 204 × 4 - 9 ÷ 2 + 6 = ? 

According to the question, after replacing the signs :

‘+’ and ‘-’ are interchanged 

‘×’ and ‘÷’ are interchanged

So,​​

204 ÷ 4 + 9 × 2 - 6 = ?

51 + 9 × 2 - 6 = ?

51 + 18 - 6 = ?

69 - 6 = ?

63 = ?

Hence, "63" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is :

1. First box alternate series → First row and third column element interchange positions and the rest elements shift in the clockwise direction.

2. Second box alternate series → First column and third-row element interchange positions and the rest elements shift in the clockwise direction.

Thus, the final series is :

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer.

According to the given information,

Thus, according to the given codes 'rc' is the code for the word 'hot'.

Hence, the correct answer is "rc".

Given : 36 + 18 × 9 ÷ 13 – 19 = ?

According to the question, after replacing the signs :

‘+’ and ‘÷’ are interchanged 

‘×’ and ‘-’ are interchanged

So,​​

36 ÷ 18 - 9 + 13 × 19 = ?

2 - 9 + 13 × 19 = ?

2 + 247 - 9 = ?

249 - 9 = ?

240 = ?

Hence, "240" is the correct answer.

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: Synonyms - Words with similar meanings.

Here,

Strong : Robust → Strong and Robust are words with similar meanings (synonyms).

Similarly,

Kind : Generous → Kind and Generous are also words with similar meanings (synonyms).

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given Equation: 82 B 6 D 114 A 2 C 35 = ?

BODMAS Rule:

Decoding the given information:

Now replacing the sign from left to right using BODMAS Rule, we get:

⇒ 82 × 6 - 114 ÷ 2 + 35 = ?

⇒ 82 × 6 - 57 + 35 = ?

⇒ 492 - 57 + 35 = ?

⇒ 527 - 57 = 470

Hence, the correct option is "Option 1".

The number of rectangles in the given figure is shown below :

Here, as marked there are a total of 7 rectangles.

Hence, "7" is the correct answer.

Given word: 'DETAIL'

After arranged in alphabetical order:

Now,

there is no alphabet that will remain unchanged if each of the letters in the word 'DETAIL' is arranged in English alphabetical order.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: 1^st number × 2 = 2^nd number; 2^nd number × 4 = 1^st number.

Now,

For, (6, 12, 48)

⇒ (6 × 2 = 12) and (12 × 4 = 48).

For, (8 : 16 : 64)

⇒ (8 × 2 = 16) and (16 × 4 = 64).

Similarly, For, (14 : 28 : 112)

⇒ (14 × 2 = 28) and (28 × 4 = 112).

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

According to the given figure:

The figure will appear when it is opened as follows:

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: **Synonymous Relationship**.

Here,

**Dawn** : **Sunrise** → **Dawn** and **Sunrise** are synonymous because they both refer to the early morning time when the sun begins to rise.

Similarly,

**Easy** : **Simple** → **Easy** and **Simple** are synonymous because they both refer to something that is not difficult.

Hence, the correct answer is **"Option 1"**.

Decoding the Symbols:

Given: N # M @ O $ P & Q 

N # M → N is the son of M.

M @ O  → M is the brother of O.

O $ P → O is the daughter of P.

​

P & Q → P is the wife of Q.

Here, Q is the paternal grandfather or father's father of N.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4"$.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of P's present age to age at marriage = 1(3/5) = 8 : 5.

Difference of 3 parts = 15 years ⇒ 1 part = 5 years.

P's present age = 8 × 5 = 40 years.

Son's present age = 40 × (1/5) = 8 years.

4 years ago, Son = 4 years and P = 36 years. Required fraction = 4 / 36 = 1/9.

∴ The correct answer is 1/9.

Alternate Method

Given:

P's present age = 1(3/5) × (P's age 15 years ago) = 8/5 × (P's age 15 years ago)

Son's present age = 1/5 × (P's present age)

Age Timeline

Present Age P = 40 yrs Son = 8 yrs

4 Years Ago P = 36 yrs Son = 4 yrs

− 4 years

Ratio = 4 / 36 = 1 / 9

Calculations:

⇒ Let P's present age be x.

⇒ Age of P 15 years ago = x − 15

⇒ x = (8/5) × (x − 15)

⇒ 5x = 8x − 120

⇒ 3x = 120

⇒ x = 40 years

⇒ P's present age = 40 years.

⇒ Present age of son = (1/5) × 40 = 8 years.

⇒ 4 years ago, P's age = 40 − 4 = 36 years.

⇒ 4 years ago, Son's age = 8 − 4 = 4 years.

⇒ Required fraction = 4 / 36 = 1 / 9.

∴ The correct answer is 1/9.

Additional Information

Ratio of Ages

If the ratio of ages of two persons is a:b, their ages can be represented as ax and bx. The age difference between two persons always remains constant over time.

Fractional Relationships

A relationship given as 1(3/5) times means a multiplying factor of 8/5. Expressing conditions as fractions directly yields a simple linear equation.

Problems on Ages

It is highly recommended to always calculate the present ages first. This establishes a fixed reference point before finding any past or future ages.

Shortcut Trick

For any two similar figures, the ratio of their surface areas is strictly equal to the square of the ratio of their corresponding sides.

Ratio of surface areas = (Side of small cube ÷ Side of large cube)²

⇒ Ratio = (2 ÷ 4)² = (1 ÷ 2)² = 1 ∶ 4

∴ The correct answer is 1 ∶ 4.

Alternate Method

4 cm 4 cm

2 cm 2 cm Large Cube Small Cube Surface Area Ratio = a² ∶ A²

Given:

Edge of the large cube (A) = 4 cm

Edge of each small cube (a) = 2 cm

Formula Used:

Total Surface Area of a cube = 6 × (side)²

Calculations:

⇒ Total surface area of the large cube = 6 × (4)²

⇒ 6 × 16 = 96 cm²

⇒ Total surface area of one small cube = 6 × (2)²

⇒ 6 × 4 = 24 cm²

⇒ Ratio of total surface area of one small cube to large cube = 24 ÷ 96

⇒ Ratio = 1 ÷ 4 = 1 ∶ 4

∴ The correct answer is 1 ∶ 4.

Additional Information

Volume of a Cube

The volume represents the total 3D space occupied by the cube. Formula: V = a³, where a is the side length.

Lateral Surface Area of a Cube

It is the sum of the areas of the 4 side vertical faces, excluding the top and bottom faces. Formula: LSA = 4 × a².

Body Diagonal of a Cube

The longest straight line segment that can be drawn inside the cube connecting two opposite corners. Formula: D = a × √3.

Number of Smaller Cubes Formed

When a larger solid cube is melted or cut into smaller equal cubes, the number of smaller cubes is: (Volume of Large Cube) ÷ (Volume of Small Cube).

Given:

Radius of the first circle (r₁) = 14 cm

Radius of the second circle (r₂) = 5 cm

Distance between the centers (d) = 40 cm

Formula Used:

Length of the direct common tangent = √(d² - (r₁ - r₂)²)

Calculation:

Substitute the given values into the formula:

Length of the direct common tangent = √(40² - (14 - 5)²)

⇒ Length = √(1600 - 9²)

⇒ Length = √(1600 - 81)

⇒ Length = √1519

The correct answer is √1519.

Given:

Curved surface area (CSA) of the cone = 20π cm²

Radius (r) = 4 cm

Formula Used:

Curved surface area (CSA) = π × r × l

Volume of the cone = (1/3) × π × r² × h

where l is the slant height and h is the height of the cone.

Calculation:

From the CSA formula:

20π = π × 4 × l

⇒ 20 = 4 × l

⇒ l = 5 cm

Using Pythagoras' theorem in the cone:

l² = r² + h²

⇒ 5² = 4² + h²

⇒ 25 = 16 + h²

⇒ h² = 25 - 16

⇒ h² = 9

⇒ h = 3 cm

Volume of the cone:

Volume = (1/3) × π × 4² × 3

⇒ Volume = (1/3) × π × 16 × 3

⇒ Volume = 16π cm³

The correct answer is 16π cm³

Given:

When 12 is subtracted from a number, it reduces to its 40%.

Formula Used:

Let the number be x.

The equation is: x - 12 = 0.4 × x

Two-fifth of the number = (2/5) × x

Calculation:

From the equation:

x - 12 = 0.4 × x

⇒ x - 0.4 × x = 12

⇒ 0.6 × x = 12

⇒ x = 12 / 0.6

⇒ x = 20

Two-fifth of the number:

(2/5) × 20 = 8

The correct answer is 8.

Given:

Cost of 20 dozen bananas = Rs. 1,200

Selling price of 5 dozen bananas = Rs. 350

Formula Used:

Cost price (CP) per dozen = Total cost / Number of dozens

Selling price (SP) per dozen = Selling price of 5 dozen / 5

Gain percentage = [(Selling Price - Cost Price) / Cost Price] × 100

Calculation:

Cost price per dozen:

CP = 1,200 / 20 = Rs. 60

Selling price per dozen:

SP = 350 / 5 = Rs. 70

Gain per dozen:

Gain = SP - CP = 70 - 60 = Rs. 10

Gain percentage:

Gain percentage = (10 / 60) × 100

⇒ Gain percentage = (1/6) × 100

⇒ Gain percentage = $16 \frac{2}{3} \%$

The correct answer is $16 \frac{2}{3} \%$.

Given:

Radius of the hemisphere (r) = 5.5 cm

π = 3.14

Formula Used:

Volume of a hemisphere = (2/3) × π × r³

Calculation:

Volume = (2/3) × 3.14 × (5.5)³

⇒ Volume = (2/3) × 3.14 × 166.375

⇒ Volume = 2.094 × 166.375

⇒ Volume ≈ 348.54

The volume of the hemisphere, to the nearest integer, is 348 cm³

Given:

In an isosceles triangle ABC, AB = AC.

∠BAD = 20°

∠DCB = 20°

∠CAD = 80°

Formula Used:

In an isosceles triangle, the angles opposite the equal sides are equal.

Sum of angles in a triangle = 180°

Calculation:

Since AB = AC, ∠ABC = ∠ACB.

In triangle ABD:

∠BAD + ∠ADB + ∠ABD = 180°

∠BAD = 20°

∠CAD = 80°, so ∠BAC = 100° (since ∠BAD + ∠CAD = ∠BAC)

In triangle ABC:

Since AB = AC, ∠ABC = ∠ACB

The sum of the angles in triangle ABC:

∠BAC + ∠ABC + ∠ACB = 180°

Substitute ∠BAC = 100° and ∠ABC = ∠ACB:

100° + ∠ABC + ∠ACB = 180°

∠ABC + ∠ACB = 80°

Since ∠ABC = ∠ACB:

2 × ∠ABC = 80°

∠ABC = 40°

The value of ∠ABC is 40°

Given:

Ratna buys:

10 kg of rice at Rs. 88 per kg

20 kg of rice at Rs. 187 per kg

Formula Used:

Cost of the mixture per kg = (Total cost of all rice) / (Total weight of all rice)

Calculation:

Cost of 10 kg rice at Rs. 88 per kg:

Total cost = 10 × 88 = Rs. 880

Cost of 20 kg rice at Rs. 187 per kg:

Total cost = 20 × 187 = Rs. 3740

Total cost of the mixture:

Total cost = 880 + 3740 = Rs. 4620

Total weight of the mixture:

Total weight = 10 kg + 20 kg = 30 kg

Cost per kg of the mixture:

Cost per kg = 4620 / 30

⇒ Cost per kg = 154

The per kg cost of the total mixture is Rs. 154

Given:

P can complete the work in 12 days.

Q can complete the work in 9 days.

Total earnings for the work = ₹63,000

Formula Used:

Work done by P in one day = 1 / 12

Work done by Q in one day = 1 / 9

Combined work done by P and Q in one day = (1 / 12) + (1 / 9)

Share of P = (Work done by P) / (Total work) × Total earnings

Calculation:

Combined work done by P and Q in one day:

LCM of 12 and 9 = 36

Work done by P in one day = 3 / 36

Work done by Q in one day = 4 / 36

Combined work done in one day = (3 / 36) + (4 / 36) = 7 / 36

Ratio of work done by P and Q:

Ratio = Work done by P : Work done by Q = 3 : 4

Let the total work be divided into 7 parts (3 parts by P and 4 parts by Q).

Share of P = (3 / 7) × 63,000

⇒ Share of P = 27,000

The share of P is ₹27,000

Given:

A thief is spotted by a policeman at a distance of 200 m.

Speed of thief = 16 km/h

Speed of policeman = 20 km/h

Formula Used:

Distance = speed × time

Calculation:

Let the time taken by the policeman to catch the thief be T hours.

In this time:

Distance travelled by the thief = 16T km

Distance travelled by the policeman = 20T km

According to the question:

Distance travelled by the policeman = Distance travelled by the thief + 200 meters

Convert 200 meters to kilometers:

200 meters = 0.2 km

So:

20T = 16T + 0.2

⇒ 20T - 16T = 0.2

⇒ 4T = 0.2

⇒ T = 0.2 / 4

⇒ T = 0.05 hours

Distance travelled by the thief in this time:

Distance = 16 × 0.05

⇒ Distance = 0.8 km or 800m

The thief will run 800m before being overtaken by the policeman.

Given:

Shopkeeper A:

Markup = 25%

Discount = 15%

Shopkeeper B:

Markup = 20%

Discount = 12%

Formula Used:

Effective Selling Price = Marked Price × (1 - Discount)

Profit Percentage = [(Selling Price - Cost Price) / Cost Price] × 100

Calculation:

Let the Cost Price (CP) of the item be ₹100 for simplicity.

Shopkeeper A:

Marked Price (MP) = CP × (1 + Markup)

MP = 100 × (1 + 0.25)

MP = 125

Selling Price = MP × (1 - Discount)

Selling Price = 125 × (1 - 0.15)

Selling Price = 125 × 0.85

Selling Price = 106.25

Profit = Selling Price - CP

Profit = 106.25 - 100

Profit = 6.25

Profit Percentage = (6.25 / 100) × 100

Profit Percentage = 6.25%

Shopkeeper B:

Marked Price (MP) = CP × (1 + Markup)

MP = 100 × (1 + 0.20)

MP = 120

Selling Price = MP × (1 - Discount)

Selling Price = 120 × (1 - 0.12)

Selling Price = 120 × 0.88

Selling Price = 105.6

Profit = Selling Price - CP

Profit = 105.6 - 100

Profit = 5.6

Profit Percentage = (5.6 / 100) × 100

Profit Percentage = 5.6%

Comparison:

Shopkeeper A has a profit percentage of 6.25%.

Shopkeeper B has a profit percentage of 5.6%.

Shopkeeper A gets a better deal with a profit percentage of 6.25%, compared to Shopkeeper B's profit percentage of 5.6%.

Given:

A = (9 / 16) ÷ (25 / 36)

B = 9 ÷ [(16 ÷ 25) ÷ 36]

C = [9 ÷ (16 ÷ 25)] ÷ 36

D = (9 ÷ 16) ÷ (25 ÷ 36)

Formula Used:

To divide fractions: (a / b) ÷ (c / d) = (a / b) × (d / c)

Calculation:

A:

A = (9 / 16) ÷ (25 / 36)

A = (9 / 16) × (36 / 25)

A = (9 × 36) / (16 × 25)

A = 324 / 400

A = 81 / 100

B:

B = 9 ÷ [(16 ÷ 25) ÷ 36]

Calculate inside the brackets first:

16 ÷ 25 = 0.64

0.64 ÷ 36 = 0.0177778

B = 9 ÷ 0.0177778

B = 506.25

C:

C = [9 ÷ (16 ÷ 25)] ÷ 36

Calculate inside the brackets first:

16 ÷ 25 = 0.64

9 ÷ 0.64 = 14.0625

C = 14.0625 ÷ 36

C = 0.390625

D:

D = (9 ÷ 16) ÷ (25 ÷ 36)

D = (9 / 16) × (36 / 25)

D = (9 × 36) / (16 × 25)

D = 324 / 400

D = 81 / 100

Conclusion:

A = D = 81 / 100

B = 506.25

C = 0.390625

A and D are equal. B and C are different. So A and D are true and equal, while B and C are not equal.

Given:

Total number of passengers travelling from Ahmedabad junction to various districts = 8,000

Calculation:

Average number of passengers travelling from Ahmedabad to Surat, Botad and Bhavanagar together = (18 + 13 + 23)% ÷ 3 = 54/3 = 18%

Now according to the question:

18% of 8000 = 1440.

∴ The correct answer is 1440.

Given:

After a 9% increase in salary, a person received Rs. 6,300.

Formula Used:

New Salary = Original Salary × (1 + Percentage Increase)

Calculation:

Let the original salary be x. After a 9% increase, the salary becomes:

New Salary = x × (1 + 0.09)

New Salary = x × 1.09

According to the question:

1.09 × x = 6300

⇒ x = 6300 / 1.09

⇒ x ≈ 5779

The salary before the increase was Rs. 5,779.

Calculation:

100% = 360° 

1% = 360°/100

Total percentage of protein and other constituents = 16 + 14 = 30%

so, 30% will be equal to

30% = 360/100 × 30 = 108° 

∴ The correct answer is 108°.

Formula Used:

Percentage Difference = [(Total Production (2020-21) - Total Production (2019-20)) / Total Production (2019-20)] × 100

Calculation:

Total production of rice (2019-20) = 400

Total production of rice (2020-21) = 440

Percentage Difference = [(440 - 400) / 400] × 100

⇒ Percentage Difference = [40/400] × 100

⇒ Percentage Difference = 10%

The percentage difference in the total production of food grains between 2019-20 and 2020-21 is 10%.

Calculation:

A = $60\left[\frac{6}{25} \div\left(\frac{16}{15} \text { of } \frac{3}{8}\right)+5-\left(1-2 \frac{1}{12}\right)\right]$

$60\left[\frac{6}{25} \div\left(\frac{16}{15} \times \frac{3}{8}\right)+5-\left(1- \frac{25}{12}\right)\right]$

$60\left[\frac{6}{25} \div\left( \frac{2}{5}\right)+5-\left( \frac{-13}{12}\right)\right]$

$60\left[\frac{6}{25} \times \left( \frac{5}{2}\right)+5+\left( \frac{13}{12}\right)\right]$

$60[ \frac{3}{5}+5+\frac{13}{12}]$

$60[ \frac{36 + 300 + 65}{60}]$

A = 401 

Step 6: Sum of the digits of A = 4 + 0 + 1 = 5

∴ The sum of the digits of A is 5.

Given:

Income of company A in the year 2012 = Rs. 6.425 lakh

Profit percentage = 45%

Formula Used:

Profit Percentage = (Profit / Expenditure) × 100

Profit = Income - Expenditure

Profit Percentage = [(Income - Expenditure) / Expenditure] × 100

Calculation:

Let the expenditure be E.

Profit = Income - Expenditure

Profit = 6.425 lakh - E

Profit Percentage = [(Income - Expenditure) / Expenditure] × 100

45 = [(6.425 - E) / E] × 100

Divide both sides by 100:

0.45 = (6.425 - E) / E

Multiply both sides by E:

0.45E = 6.425 - E

Add E to both sides:

0.45E + E = 6.425

1.45E = 6.425

Divide both sides by 1.45:

E = 6.425 / 1.45

E = 4.43 lakh

The expenditure of the company in the year 2012 was Rs. 4.43 lakh.

Given:

The ratio of the outer circumference to the inner circumference of a circular path is 7:6.

The width of the path is 45 meters.

Formula Used:

Ratio of circumferences = Ratio of radii

Outer circumference = 2πR

Inner circumference = (2 π (r))

Where (R) is the radius of the outer circle and (r) is the radius of the inner circle.

Width of the path = (R - r)

Calculation:

Let the radius of the inner circle be (r) meters.

Then, the radius of the outer circle is (r + 45) meters.

Given the ratio of the outer circumference to the inner circumference is 7:6:

(2 π (r + 45))/(2 π r) = 7/6

(r + 45)/(r) = 7/6

Cross-multiply to solve for rrrrr :

6 (r + 45) = 7r

6r + 270 = 7r

270 = 7r - 6r

270 = r

The radius of the inner circle is 270 meters.

Given:

Total votes = 50,000

First candidate received 40% of the votes.

Second candidate received 35% of the votes.

Formula Used:

Percentage of votes received by the third candidate = 100% - (Percentage received by first candidate + Percentage received by second candidate)

Calculation:

Percentage of votes received by the third candidate:

100% - (40% + 35%) = 100% - 75% = 25%

Number of votes received by the third candidate:

(25 / 100) × 50,000 = 0.25 × 50,000 = 12,500

The number of votes received by the third candidate is 12,500.

Given:

The ratio x : y = 5 : 6

Calculation:

Let x = 5k and y = 6k, where k is a constant.

Substitute x = 5k and y = 6k into 2x + 3y and 3x + 5y:

2x + 3y = 2(5k) + 3(6k) = 10k + 18k = 28k

3x + 5y = 3(5k) + 5(6k) = 15k + 30k = 45k

The ratio 2x + 3y : 3x + 5y is 28k : 45k.

Simplify by removing k:

The ratio is 28 : 45.

The ratio 2x + 3y : 3x + 5y is 28 : 45.

Given:

The amount becomes Rs. 24,000 in 2 years.

The amount becomes Rs. 32,000 in 4 years.

Formula Used:

Simple interest = Amount after time - Principal

Interest for 2 years = Amount after 2 years - Principal

Interest for 4 years = Amount after 4 years - Principal

Annual interest = (Interest for 4 years - Interest for 2 years) / 2

Calculation:

Let the principal be P and the annual interest rate be R%.

Interest for 2 years = Rs. 24,000 - P

Interest for 4 years = Rs. 32,000 - P

The interest earned in 2 years = Interest for 4 years - Interest for 2 years

Interest for 4 years - Interest for 2 years = (Rs. 32,000 - P) - (Rs. 24,000 - P)

Interest for 2 years = Rs. 32,000 - Rs. 24,000

Interest for 2 years = Rs. 8,000

Annual interest = Rs. 8,000 / 2 = Rs. 4,000

Since the interest for 2 years is Rs. 8,000, the annual interest is Rs. 4,000.

Interest = Principal × Rate × Time / 100

8,000 = P × R × 2 / 100

R = (8,000 × 100) / (P × 2)

To find P, use the amount after 2 years:

P + 8,000 = Rs. 24,000

P = Rs. 24,000 - Rs. 8,000

P = Rs. 16,000

Substitute P into the formula for R:

R = (8,000 × 100) / (16,000 × 2)

R = 500 / 2

R = 25%

The annual rate of interest is 25%.

Given:

f(p) = sin^{p + 2}x + cos^{p + 2}x

Calculation:

To find the value of 6f(2) - 4f(4) + 10f(0), first calculate f(p) for p = 2, p = 4, and p = 0:

For p = 2:

f(2) = sin⁴x + cos⁴x

For p = 4:

f(4) = sin⁶x + cos⁶x

For p = 0:

f(0) = sin²x + cos²x

We know that sin²x + cos²x = 1.

Using the identity for sin⁴x + cos⁴x:

sin⁴x + cos⁴x = (sin²x + cos²x)² - 2sin²x cos²x

sin⁴x + cos⁴x = 1 - 2sin²x cos²x

Using the identity sin²x cos²x = (1/4)sin²(2x):

sin⁴x + cos⁴x = 1 - (1/2)sin²(2x)

To find sin⁶x + cos⁶x, use the identity:

sin⁶x + cos⁶x = (sin²x + cos²x)³ - 3sin²x cos²x(sin²x + cos²x)

sin⁶x + cos⁶x = 1 - 3(sin²x cos²x)

sin⁶x + cos⁶x = 1 - (3/4)sin²(2x)

Now calculate 6f(2) - 4f(4) + 10f(0):

6f(2) = 6(sin⁴x + cos⁴x) = 6(1 - (1/2)sin²(2x))

4f(4) = 4(sin⁶x + cos⁶x) = 4(1 - (3/4)sin²(2x))

10f(0) = 10(sin²x + cos²x) = 10

Combine:

6f(2) - 4f(4) + 10f(0)

= 6[1 - (1/2)sin²(2x)] - 4[1 - (3/4)sin²(2x)] + 10

= 6 - 3sin²(2x) - 4 + 3sin²(2x) + 10

= 6 - 4 + 10

= 12

The value of 6f(2) - 4f(4) + 10f(0) is 12.

Given:

A line from point A is tangent to the circle at point B.

A secant is drawn from point A to the circle intersecting it at points C and D.

AB = 42 cm (tangent segment)

AC = 21 cm (secant segment from A to C)

Formula Used:

The Power of a Point theorem states:

The square of the length of the tangent segment (AB) from a point to a circle is equal to the product of the lengths of the segments of the secant (AC and AD) from the same point.

AB² = AC × AD

Calculation:

Let AD be the length of the secant segment from A to D.

According to the Power of a Point theorem:

AB² = AC × AD

42² = 21 × AD

1764 = 21 × AD

AD = 1764 / 21

AD = 84 cm

CD = AD - AC

CD = 84 cm - 21 cm

CD = 63 cm

The ratio between AB and CD is:

AB : CD = 42 : 63

Simplify the ratio:

42 / 21 : 63 / 21

2 : 3

The ratio between AB and CD is 2 : 3.

The correct answer is tidal

Key Points

• The Gulf of Khambhat, the Gulf of Kutch, and the Gangetic delta provide ideal conditions for utilizing tidal energy.
• Tidal energy is a form of hydropower that converts the energy obtained from tides into useful forms of power, mainly electricity.
• These regions have significant tidal ranges, which make them suitable for generating tidal energy.
• Tidal energy is a renewable source of energy and has the potential to contribute to the energy mix of India.
• Unlike solar and wind energy, tidal energy is predictable and consistent, as tides are influenced by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun.

Additional Information

• Tidal energy is harnessed by constructing tidal barrages, tidal fences, and tidal turbines.
• Tidal barrages work similar to dams, where water is trapped during high tides and released during low tides to generate electricity.
• Tidal fences and turbines operate like underwater wind turbines, where the movement of water turns the blades to generate power.
• India has a vast coastline, which provides ample opportunities for the development of tidal energy projects.
• The development of tidal energy can help reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and contribute to sustainable energy solutions.

The correct answer is Gopala

Key Points

• Gopala was the founder of the Pala Empire.
• The Pala Empire was an imperial power during the Late Classical period on the Indian subcontinent, which originated in the region of Bengal.
• Gopala was elected as the ruler by a group of regional chieftains and gained control over the areas of Bihar and Bengal.
• He laid the foundation of the Pala dynasty which ruled from the 8^th to the 12^th century.
• The Pala Empire is known for its patronage of Buddhism and the establishment of many Buddhist institutions and structures.

Additional Information

• The Palas were known for their contribution to the cultural and educational development of the region.
• The famous universities of Nalanda and Vikramashila flourished under their rule.
• The Pala Empire was succeeded by the Sena dynasty in the 12^th century.
• The founder of the Pala dynasty, Gopala, was succeeded by his son Dharmapala, who expanded the empire significantly.
• The Pala rulers also had diplomatic relations with other Asian countries, including the Tibetan Empire.

The correct answer is Gulf of Kutch

Key Points

• Gulf of Kutch is the leading tidal energy generation site in India as of 2022.
• It is located on the west coast of India, in the state of Gujarat.
• The region is known for its high tidal range, making it suitable for tidal energy projects.
• Gulf of Kutch's tidal energy potential has been recognized and harnessed to support renewable energy initiatives in India.
• It plays a significant role in India's efforts to diversify its energy sources and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.

Additional Information

• Tidal energy is a form of hydropower that converts the energy obtained from tides into useful forms of power, mainly electricity.
• India has a vast coastline and several regions with significant tidal ranges, providing ample opportunities for tidal energy generation.
• The Gulf of Khambhat and the Sundarbans are other notable regions with potential for tidal energy in India.
• The Indian government is actively promoting renewable energy projects to achieve its sustainable development goals and reduce carbon emissions.

The correct answer is 7 players

Key Points

• 7 players are the minimum number required for a football match to start according to the Laws of the Game.
• The Laws of the Game are maintained by the International Football Association Board (IFAB).
• Each team can have a maximum of 11 players on the field, including the goalkeeper.
• If a team cannot field at least 7 players at any point during the match, the game is abandoned.
• The rule ensures that the game remains competitive and fair, preventing teams from playing with too few players.

Additional Information

• The International Football Association Board (IFAB) was founded in 1886 and is responsible for the Laws of the Game in association football.
• The Laws of the Game are the codified rules that help govern the sport of football and ensure consistency across all levels of play.
• In official competitions, teams are also required to have a specific number of players on the bench as substitutes, typically ranging from 3 to 7 players depending on the competition rules.
• The goalkeeper is a crucial position and must be one of the players on the field at all times.
• Substitutions can be made during the match to replace tired or injured players, ensuring that a team can maintain at least the minimum number of players required.

The correct answer is Finance

Key Points

• The Department of Public Enterprises was integrated into the Ministry of Finance in 2021.
• This move was aimed at accelerating the privatisation process and enabling greater financial oversight over state-run enterprises.
• The restructuring is expected to streamline decision-making and enhance efficiency in managing public sector enterprises.
• The Ministry of Finance is responsible for the economic and financial administration of the government, making it well-suited to oversee public enterprises.

Additional Information

• The Department of Public Enterprises (DPE) was originally under the Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises.
• This reallocation aims to align public enterprises' functioning with the broader economic policies and fiscal strategies of the government.
• Privatisation is a key component of the government's strategy to reduce fiscal burden and improve the efficiency of public sector units (PSUs).
• The Ministry of Finance plays a pivotal role in formulating and implementing India's economic policies, including budget preparation, taxation, and financial regulations.

The correct answer is Sphincter

Key Points

• The muscle that regulates the exit of food from the stomach into the small intestine is called the Sphincter.
• Specifically, this muscle is known as the pyloric sphincter, which acts as a valve to control the flow of partially digested food from the stomach to the small intestine.
• The pyloric sphincter is crucial in the digestive process as it ensures that food is properly mixed with digestive enzymes before moving to the next stage of digestion.
• Proper functioning of the pyloric sphincter is essential to prevent backflow and ensure smooth digestion.

Additional Information

• The human digestive system consists of several sphincters that regulate the passage of food and waste, including the lower esophageal sphincter, the pyloric sphincter, and the anal sphincter.
• Each sphincter has a specific function and location within the digestive tract, contributing to the overall efficiency of the digestive process.
• Disorders of the pyloric sphincter, such as pyloric stenosis, can lead to significant digestive issues and require medical intervention.
• Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle can support the proper functioning of the digestive sphincters and overall digestive health.

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu

Key Points

• Bharatanatyam is a classical dance form that originated in Tamil Nadu.
• It is one of the oldest dance forms in India, known for its fixed upper torso, bent legs, and intricate footwork combined with expressive hand gestures and facial expressions.
• The dance form was traditionally performed in temples as a part of religious rituals but has since evolved to be performed on stages worldwide.
• Bharatanatyam is often accompanied by Carnatic music and involves a rich tradition of storytelling through dance.

Additional Information

• The dance form is believed to have been documented as far back as 2,000 years ago in ancient texts such as the Natya Shastra.
• It was revived and popularized in the 20^th century by pioneers like Rukmini Devi Arundale, who redefined and presented it in a modern context.
• Bharatanatyam is characterized by its deep narrative nature, often depicting themes from Hindu mythology.
• It involves three main elements: Nritta (pure dance), Nritya (expressive dance), and Natya (dramatic dance).
• Today, Bharatanatyam is not just a cultural symbol of Tamil Nadu but also a significant part of India's cultural heritage.

The correct answer is To decrypt the digital signature

Key Points

• The public key is used to decrypt the digital signature in digital signature verification.
• Digital signatures are created using the sender's private key and can be verified by the recipient using the corresponding public key.
• This process ensures the authenticity and integrity of the message or document, confirming that it was indeed signed by the holder of the private key.
• Public key cryptography is a fundamental aspect of secure digital communications, enabling trust and security in electronic transactions.

Additional Information

• Digital signatures are widely used in various applications, including software distribution, financial transactions, and legal agreements, to verify the origin and integrity of the data.
• The security of digital signatures relies on the difficulty of deriving the private key from the public key, making it computationally infeasible to forge a valid signature without access to the private key.
• Public key infrastructure (PKI) supports the issuance, management, and revocation of digital certificates, which bind public keys to the identities of their owners.
• Standards such as RSA and DSA are commonly used algorithms for generating digital signatures.
• Regulatory frameworks like the eIDAS Regulation in the European Union provide legal recognition and standards for electronic signatures and trust services.

The correct answer is 7

Key Points

• 7 basic talams are recognized in Indian Classical Carnatic music.
• The seven basic talams are: Dhruva, Matya, Rupaka, Jhampa, Triputa, Ata, and Eka.
• Each talam has a specific structure and is used to maintain the rhythm in Carnatic music compositions.
• Talam is an essential aspect of Carnatic music, providing the rhythmic framework for performances.
• These basic talams are further expanded into 35 talams by applying the five jatis (types of rhythmic units).

Additional Information

• Carnatic music is a major genre of Indian classical music that originated in South India.
• It is known for its complex rhythmic and melodic patterns and is typically performed with vocal and instrumental accompaniment.
• The primary elements of Carnatic music include ragam (melody), talam (rhythm), and bhavam (expression).
• Performances often feature improvisation and intricate compositions known as kritis.
• Carnatic music has a rich tradition and is deeply rooted in Indian culture and spirituality.

The correct answer is Gurung community

Key Points

• Tamu Lochar is one of the traditional festivals of the Gurung community of Sikkim.
• It is celebrated to mark the beginning of their new year.
• The festival falls on the 15^th day of Pusa, according to the Hindu calendar Vikram Samvat, which corresponds to 30^th December in the English calendar.

Additional Information

• The Gurung community is one of the indigenous communities of Sikkim.
• The festival is a vibrant and colorful celebration, marked by traditional dances, songs, and various cultural events.
• It is a time for family gatherings, feasts, and rituals to welcome the new year with joy and prosperity.

The correct answer is Fingerprint scan

Key Points

• A fingerprint scan is an example of multi-factor authentication (MFA) used to enhance PC security.
• MFA requires two or more verification factors to gain access to a resource such as an application or online account, improving security by combining something you know (password) with something you have (security token) or something you are (biometric verification).
• Using a fingerprint scan adds an additional layer of security as it is unique to each individual and difficult to replicate.
• Other examples of multi-factor authentication methods include facial recognition, one-time passwords (OTPs), and smart cards.

Additional Information

• Antivirus software is primarily used to detect and remove malware, but it does not constitute multi-factor authentication.
• OS protection refers to security features built into the operating system, such as user account control and encryption, but it is not MFA.
• Firewall protection helps to block unauthorized access to a network but does not involve multiple factors of authentication.
• Implementing MFA is a critical step in securing sensitive information and preventing unauthorized access to systems.

The correct answer is Dari

Key Points

• Dari is one of the official languages of Afghanistan, alongside Pashto.
• Dari, also known as Afghan Persian, is widely used for administration and in the media.
• It serves as the lingua franca in Afghanistan, facilitating communication among different ethnic groups.
• As a variety of Persian, Dari shares linguistic similarities with Farsi, the Persian spoken in Iran.
• Both Dari and Pashto are used in government and education, but Dari has a more dominant role in urban areas.

Additional Information

• Pashto is the other official language of Afghanistan and is predominantly spoken in the southern and eastern regions.
• Afghanistan's constitution recognizes both Dari and Pashto as official languages, ensuring their use in government and education.
• Besides Dari and Pashto, there are several other languages spoken in Afghanistan, including Uzbek, Turkmen, Balochi, and Pashai.
• The promotion of Dari and Pashto aims to foster national unity and communication across diverse linguistic communities.
• Efforts are ongoing to preserve and promote the linguistic heritage of Afghanistan's various ethnic groups.