SSC CHSL Tier-1 2023: Official Paper (Held On: 07 Aug, 2023 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Logic: '3' and '2' are added to the positional value of the first and second alphabet respectively.

Checking the given options:

(1) HJN →

(2) LOQ →

(3) PSU →

(4) MPR →

Here, 'HJN' is different from the others.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Logic: '3' is added to the positional value of each alphabet.

AKM is related to DNP →

BTS is related to EWV →

Similarly, 'LGK' will be related to:

Here, 'LGK' is related to 'OJN'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Preparing the family tree diagram by using the following symbols:

As per the given information:

Given expression: 'P - Q × R + S ÷ T'

P is the wife of Q, Q is the brother of R, R is the son of S and S is the mother of T.

Checking the given options:

(1) Q is the son of S → True

(2) S is the mother of P → False

(3) P is the daughter of T → False

(4) T is the son of S → False

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Logic: Second no. = [(First no. + Third no.) × 5]

Given:

5 - 70 - 9 →

​⇒ [(5 + 9) × 5]

​⇒ (14 × 5) = 70

8 - 95 - 11 →

​⇒ [(8 + 11) × 5]

​⇒ (19 × 5) = 95

Checking the given options:

(1) 12 - 144 - 15 →

​⇒ [(12 + 15) × 5]

​⇒ (27 × 5) = 135

(2) 17 - 135 - 21 →

​⇒ [(17 + 21) × 5]

​⇒ (38 × 5) = 190

(3) 6 - 135 - 21 →

​⇒ [(6 + 21) × 5]

​⇒ (27 × 5) = 135

(4) 4 - 28- 79 →

​⇒ [(79 + 4) × 5]

​⇒ (83 × 5) = 415

Here, '6 - 135 - 21' is similar to the given sets of numbers.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Given: NERVOUS

Arranging in alphabetical order:

NERVOUS → ENORSUV

The letter 'R' is fourth from the left and the letter 'U' is second from the right.

Here, two letters 'S' and 'T' come between the letters 'R' and 'U'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Logic: Second no. = [(First no.)² - 4]

Given:

9, 77 →

​⇒ [(9)² - 4]

​⇒ (81 - 4) = 77

16, 252 →

​⇒ [(16)2 - 4]

​⇒ (256 - 4) = 252

Checking the given options:

(1) 12, 132 →

​⇒ [(12)2 - 4]

​⇒ (144 - 4) = 140

(2) 11, 117 →

​⇒ [(11)2 - 4]

​⇒ (121 - 4) = 117

(3) 15, 125 →

​⇒ [(15)2 - 4]

​⇒ (225 - 4) = 221

(4) 7, 54 →

​⇒ [(7)2 - 4]

​⇒ (49 - 4) = 45

Here, '11, 117' is similar to the given sets of numbers.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Given:

11, 12, 26, 81, 328, 1645,?

The logic followed in the given series is:

Here, the missing term is '9876'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The logic followed in the given figure series is:

From Figure (1) to (2):

The left arrow is stable and the right arrow rotates 90º in the clockwise direction.

From Figure (2) to (3):

Both the arrows rotate 90º in the clockwise direction.

From Figure (3) to (4):

The left arrow is stable and the right arrow rotates 90º in the clockwise direction.

From Figure (4) to Answer Figure:

Both the arrows rotate 90º in the clockwise direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Given:

_utt _ tt _ ttu _

Checking the given options:

1. uutt

uut / tut / ttt / tut

2. tutu

tut / tut / ttt / tuu

3. ttuu

tut / ttt / tut / tuu

4. tuut

tut / tut / tut / tut

Here, the series is completed.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

As per the given information:

Here, the code for 'L' is '1'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we use the table given below:

As per the given information:

Given:

​⇒ 11 B 42 A 3 C 41 D 27

Putting the sign as per the table:

​⇒ 11 × 42 ÷ 3 + 41 - 27

Apply BODMAS rule:

​⇒ 11 × 42 ÷ 3 + 41 - 27

​⇒ 11 × 14 + 41 - 27

​⇒ 154 + 41 - 27

​⇒ 195 - 27 = 168

​⇒ '11 × 42 ÷ 3 + 41 - 27 = 168'

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Given:

XZY, UWV, RTS, OQP, ?

Logic: '3' is subtracted from the positional value of each alphabet.

Here, the missing term is 'LNM'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Given:

CO 29, EQ 27, ?, IU 23, KW 21

Logic: '2' is added to the positional value of each alphabet and '2' is subtracted from the number.

Here, the missing term is 'GS 25'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Preparing the family tree diagram by using the following symbols:

As per the given information:

Given expression: 'B + R × M - P'

B is the daughter of R, R is the son of M and M is the father of P.

Here, B is the son's daughter of M.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Logic: Second no. = [(First no. × 3) + 2]

Given:

11 : 35 →

​⇒ [(11 × 3) + 2]

​⇒ (33 + 2) = 35

13 : 41 →

​⇒ [(13 × 3) + 2]

​⇒ (39 + 2) = 41

Checking the given options:

(1) 19 : 59 →

​⇒ [(19 × 3) + 2]

​⇒ (57 + 2) = 59

(2) 23 : 71 →

​⇒ [(23 × 3) + 2]

​⇒ (69 + 2) = 71

(3) 32 : 95 →

​⇒ [(32 × 3) - 1]

​⇒ (96 - 1) = 95

(4) 16 : 50 →

​⇒ [(16 × 3) + 2]

​⇒ (48 + 2) = 50

Here, '32 : 95' is different from the rest.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Here, we use the table given below:

As per the given information:

Given:

​⇒ 3 B 27 D 5 C 7 A 7

Putting the sign as per the table:

​⇒ 3 × 27 - 5 + 7 ÷ 7

Apply BODMAS rule:

​⇒ 3 × 27 - 5 + 7 ÷ 7

​⇒ 3 × 27 - 5 + 1

​⇒ 81 - 5 + 1

​⇒ 82 - 5 = 77

​⇒ '3 × 27 - 5 + 7 ÷ 7 = 77'

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Given:

83, ?, 92, 107, 101, 116

The logic followed in the given series is:

​

Here, the missing term is '98'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The number of triangles in the given figure is:

Here, the number of triangles is '11'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Logic: '6' and '9' are added to the positional value of the given set of letters alternatively.

'CHASE is coded as 'IQGBK' →

'WHALE' is coded as 'CQGUK' →

Similarly, 'ANCIENT' will be coded as:

Here, 'ANCIENT' is coded as 'GWIRKWZ'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Logic: Second no. = [(First no. - 1)² - 1]

Checking the given options:

(1) 13 - 144 →

​⇒ [(13 - 1)² ]

​⇒ (12)² = 144

(2) 9 - 63 →

​⇒ [(9 - 1)² - 1]

​⇒ [(8)² - 1]

​⇒ (64 - 1) = 63

(3) 8 - 48 →

​⇒ [(8 - 1)2 - 1]

​⇒ [(7)2 - 1]

​⇒ (49 - 1) = 48

(4) 11 - 99 →

​⇒ [(11 - 1)2 - 1]

​⇒ [(10)2 - 1]

​⇒ (100 - 1) = 99

Here, '13 - 144' is different from the rest.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Statements :

All flags are symbols.

All symbols are prides.

Some prides are bright.

The Venn diagram as per the given statements:

Conclusions :

(I) All flags are prides. → Follow (Because all flags are symbols and all symbols are pride so that all flags are pride is definitely true)

(II) Some flags are bright is a possibility. → Follow (There is no direct relation between flags and bright so it can be possible but not definitely true)

(III) Some symbols are bright is a possibility. → Follow (There is no direct relation between symbols and bright so it can be possible but not definitely true)

Hence, the correct answer is "All conclusions I, II and III follow".

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Logic: '3' is subtracted from the positional value of each alphabet.

JMOP is related to GJLM →

EHJK is related to BEGH →

Similarly, 'DGIJ' will be related to:

Here, 'DGIJ' is related to 'ADFG'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Given:

Yesterday = Thursday

Today = Friday

73 days ago from today = (73 ÷ 7) = 3 (Thursday, Wednesday, Tuesday)

73 days ago was 'Tuesday'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The correct answer is Bokhar Chu.

Key Points

• Bokhar Chu:-
• It is the origin of river Indus.
• Bokhar Chu is a small stream that originates from the Sino-Indian border and merges with the Karakoram range in Tibet.
• Indus river:-
• The Indus river is one of the longest rivers in Asia, and it originates in the Tibetan plateau.
• The river flows through China, India, and Pakistan before emptying into the Arabian Sea.
• The Indus river basin is home to over 300 million people and is the source of irrigation for agriculture in the region.
• The river has several tributaries, including the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej rivers.

Additional Information

• Gangotri Glacier:-
• ​It is the origin of river Ganges and is located in Uttarakhand, India.
• Chemayungdung Glacier:-
• It is the origin of river Brahmaputra and is located in Tibet.
• Zemu Glacier:-
• It is the origin of river Teesta and is located in Sikkim, India.

The correct answer is Rabindra Atibudhi.

Key Points

• Rabindra Atibudhi:-
• He was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award 2020 for contribution to Odissi dance.
• He is an Indian dancer who specializes in the Odissi dance form.
• Sangeet Natak Akademi Award:-
• It is a prestigious national-level award given to artists who have made a significant contribution to their respective fields.

Additional Information

• Brajendra Kumar Pattnaik:-
• He is also a well-known Odissi dancer who has received several awards for his contributions to the art form.
• Balkar Sidhu:-
• He is a Punjabi singer.
• Pasumarthy Vithal:-
• He is a Telugu actor, neither of whom are known for their contributions to Odissi dance.

The correct answer is [Ar]3d104s1.

Key Points

• Copper (Cu):-
• It is a transition metal with atomic number 29.
• The correct electronic configuration of Cu is [Ar]3d104s1.
• The electronic configuration of Cu can be determined by filling electrons in the increasing order of energy levels and orbitals.
• Cu has a unique electronic configuration due to the presence of a completely filled d-orbital, which gives it stability and makes it less reactive. .

Solution:

The correct answer is option 1 - Youshang.

Key Points 

• Youshang is the main festival celebrated in Manipur.
• It is a harvest festival and is celebrated in October.
• The festival is also known as Ningol Chakouba and is celebrated to strengthen the bond between brothers and sisters.
• During the festival, sisters invite their brothers to their homes and prepare traditional dishes for them.

Additional Information

• Manipur is a state in Northeast India, bordered by Nagaland to the north, Mizoram to the south, and Assam to the west.
• Manipur is known for its rich culture and traditions, and is also called the "Jewel of India".
• Youshang is one of the most important festivals celebrated in Manipur and is a major tourist attraction.
• The festival is celebrated with great enthusiasm and includes various cultural programs and sports events.

The correct answer is Is described as 'novel feature of the Constitution'.

Key Points

• Directive Principles of State Policy:-
• These are guidelines for the government to ensure social and economic democracy in the country.
• It is described as 'novel feature of the Constitution'
• They are enumerated in Part IV of the Indian Constitution, consisting of Articles 36 to 51.
• These principles are not enforceable by any court, but the government is expected to implement them through legislation and policies.
• The Directive Principles of State Policy are based on the principles of welfare state and social justice.

The correct answer is Gas.

Key Points

• Gas:-
• The state of matter that exhibits behaviour uniformity is a gas.
• A gas is a state of matter that has no fixed shape or volume and fills the entire container uniformly.

 Additional Information

• Snow:-
• It is a form of solid state of matter and exhibits a crystalline structure but not uniformity of behaviour.
• Solid:-
• A solid is a state of matter that has a definite shape and volume and its particles are tightly packed together.
• Liquid:-
• A liquid is a state of matter that has a definite volume but no fixed shape and its particles are loosely packed together.

The correct answer is 70.

Key Points

• Pasteurisation:-
• It is a process of heating milk to a specific temperature for a certain period of time to kill harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and molds.
• The temperature at which milk is heated during pasteurisation varies depending on the method used. In the high-temperature short-time (HTST) method, milk is heated to 72undefinedC (161undefinedF) for 15-30 seconds to kill most bacteria. In the ultra-high-temperature (UHT) method, milk is heated to 135undefinedC (275undefinedF) for a few seconds to kill all microorganisms.

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• Online Gaming and Regulation of Online Games Bill 2022:-
• The state whose governor approved the Prohibition of Online Gaming and Regulation of Online Games Bill 2022 is Tamil Nadu.
• The bill aims to ban online games that involve betting, wagering, or gambling in any form.
• The bill also proposes to establish a regulatory body to oversee online gaming and ensure compliance with the law.
• The decision to pass the bill was taken after concerns were raised about the negative impact of online gaming on youth and vulnerable sections of society.

Additional Information

• Andhra Pradesh:
• The state government issued an ordinance in September 2020 to ban online gaming and betting, citing concerns about the rise in gambling addiction and related crimes.
• Gujarat:
• The state government passed a law in 2017 banning online gaming and gambling, including skill-based games such as poker and rummy.
• Punjab:
• The state government has not taken any specific action to ban online gaming, but there have been reports of police crackdowns on illegal gambling activities, including online betting.

The correct answer is British.

 Key Points

• Equality before law:-
• The concept of 'equality before law' in the Indian constitution is borrowed from the British constitution.
• The principle of equality before law means that everyone, regardless of their status, wealth, religion, or caste, is equal before the law and subject to the same laws and penalties.

Additional Information

• Canadian constitution:-
• The Canadian constitution has its own unique provisions on equality, including the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which guarantees equal protection and benefit of the law without discrimination based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age, or mental or physical disability.
• US constitution:-
• The US constitution also has provisions on equality, including the Fourteenth Amendment, which guarantees equal protection of the laws to all citizens and prohibits discrimination based on race, color, or national origin.
• Irish constitution:-
• The Irish constitution also has provisions on equality, including the principle of equal treatment under the law and the prohibition of discrimination based on age, disability, gender, race, or sexual orientation.

The correct answer is difference between gross fiscal deficit and interest payments.

Key Points

• Gross primary deficit:-
• It refers to the excess of government's current spending over its current revenue, excluding interest payments on past borrowings.
• Gross fiscal deficit refers to the excess of government's total spending over its total revenue, including interest payments on past borrowings.

Additional Information

• Net borrowings:-
• It refer to the total amount of money borrowed by the government minus the amount repaid.
• Net capital receipts:-
• It refer to the government's capital revenue minus its capital expenditure.
• Revenue deficit:-
• It refers to the excess of government's revenue expenditure over its revenue receipts.
• Capital expenditure:-
• It refers to the government's spending on long-term assets such as infrastructure, while revenue expenditure refers to its spending on day-to-day operations.

The correct answer is Unnati Hooda.

Key Points

• Unnati Hooda:-
• She is an Indian badminton player who won the silver medal in the u-17 women's singles at Badminton Asia Junior Championship 2022 held in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Additional Information

• Amar Verma:-
• He is an Indian male badminton player who plays in the men's singles category.
• Aryan Shah:-
• He is an Indian male badminton player who plays in the men's doubles category.
• Abhishek Kiran:-
• He is an Indian male badminton player who plays in the mixed doubles category.

The correct answer is Waihind.

Key Points

• Waihind:-
• It was the capital of the Hindu Shahi kingdom, which existed from the 7th to the 11th century in the region of present-day Afghanistan and Pakistan.
• The kingdom was founded by the Turkic Shahi dynasty, who were originally from Central Asia.
• Hindu Shahi rulers:-
• They were patrons of art, literature, and Buddhism, and they maintained diplomatic and trade relations with neighboring kingdoms and empires, such as the Abbasid Caliphate and the Tang Empire.

Additional Information

• Srinagar:-
• It is a city in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, which has a rich history of Hindu, Buddhist, and Islamic influences.
• Lahore:-
• It is a city in present-day Pakistan, which has been a center of culture, politics, and commerce for centuries.
• Multan:-
• It is a city in present-day Pakistan, which has been a hub of trade and religion since ancient times.

The correct answer is Teejan Bai.

Key Points

• Teejan Bai:-
• She is a renowned Pandavani folk singer.
• Teejan Bai was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2003, which is the third-highest civilian award in India.

Additional Information

• Pandavani:-
• It is a traditional folk art form from Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, and Odisha, which involves singing and storytelling based on the epic Mahabharata.
• Sulakshana Pandit:-
• She is a playback singer and actor who has worked in Hindi and Marathi films.
• Ila Arun:-
• She is a folk and pop singer who has sung in various languages, including Hindi, Rajasthani, and Bhojpuri.
• Mamta Chandrakar:-
• She is a Chhattisgarhi folk singer who is known for her soulful renditions of traditional songs.

The correct answer is Ravi Kumar Dahiya and Mirabai Chanu.

Key Points

• Mirabai Chanu:-
• Mirabai Chanu is an Indian weightlifter who has won several medals in international competitions including the Commonwealth Games and the World Championships.
• She won the Silver medal in the women's 49 kg weightlifting event at the Tokyo Olympics 2020.
• Ravi Kumar Dahiya:-
• Ravi Kumar Dahiya is an Indian wrestler who won the Silver medal at the Tokyo Olympics 2020 in the men's freestyle 57 kg wrestling event.
• He had also won a Bronze medal at the World Championships in 2019.
• He won the Silver medal in the men's freestyle 57 kg wrestling event at the Tokyo Olympics 2020.

Additional Information

• Sushil Kumar:-
• He is an Indian wrestler who has won multiple medals at the Olympics, Commonwealth Games, and Asian Games. However, he was not a part of the Indian contingent at the Tokyo Olympics 2020.
• PV Sindhu:-
• She is an Indian badminton player who won the Silver medal at the Rio Olympics 2016 and the Bronze medal at the Tokyo Olympics 2020.
• PV Sindhu won the Bronze medal in the women's singles badminton event at the Tokyo Olympics 2020.
• Sushil Kumar:-
• He did not participate in the Tokyo Olympics 2020 as he was facing criminal charges and was also suspended by the Wrestling Federation of India.

The correct answer is Lahore.

Key Points

• Lahore session:-
• The resolution declaring Poorna Swaraj was passed in the Lahore session of the Indian National Congress.
• The Lahore session was held in December 1929.
• The resolution was introduced by Jawaharlal Nehru and seconded by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
• The resolution demanded complete independence from British rule and the establishment of a sovereign republic.
• The Lahore session is also famous for the display of the Indian tricolour flag, which was adopted as the national flag of India in 1947.

Additional Information

• Calcutta session:-
• The Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress was held in 1906 and is famous for the announcement of the Swadeshi movement.
• Bombay session:-
• The Bombay session of the Indian National Congress was held in 1885, which marked the beginning of the Indian National Congress.
• Madras session:-
• The Madras session of the Indian National Congress was held in 1908 and is famous for the adoption of the resolution on Swaraj.

The correct answer is Both a and b.

Key Points

• Manipuri classical dance :-
• It originated in the Indian state of Manipur and is known for its graceful and fluid movements.
• Manipuri dance has its roots in the ancient Sanskrit texts and the local folk traditions of Manipur.
• It is important to note that Manipuri classical dance has been recognized as one of the eight classical dance forms of India by the Sangeet Natak Akademi.

Additional Information

• Lai Haraoba:-
• It is a traditional ritualistic dance performed during the festival of Yaoshang and is considered to be one of the earliest forms of Manipuri dance.
• Ras:-
• It is a devotional dance that depicts the love between Lord Krishna and Radha.
• Sankirtana:-
• It is a form of devotional singing and dancing.
• Thang-Ta:-
• It is a martial arts form that combines dance and combat techniques.

The correct answer is equivalent.

Key Points

• David Ricardo:-
• He is an economist, believed that during a high deficit situation, taxation and borrowing are equivalent means of spending.
• This means that when a government faces a high budget deficit, it can either increase taxes or borrow money to finance its spending, as both options have the same effect on the economy.
• Ricardo argued that in such a situation, it is better to borrow money rather than increase taxes, as higher taxes can discourage economic activity and lead to a contraction in the economy.
• However, borrowing too much can also have negative consequences, such as higher interest rates and inflation, which can harm the economy in the long run.
• Therefore, Ricardo's theory suggests that governments should use a balanced approach, using a mix of taxation and borrowing to manage their budget deficits.

Additional Information

• Prudent:-
• It means careful and cautious. While taxation and borrowing can be seen as prudent means of spending in certain situations, Ricardo's theory argues that they are equivalent means of spending during a high deficit situation.
• Differentiated:-
• It means distinguished or varied. This option does not apply to the context of Ricardo's theory.
• Subsidised:-
• It means supported or funded. This option does not apply to the context of Ricardo's theory.

The correct answer is 40.9%.

Key Points

• Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment:-
• It is a department of the Indian government that is responsible for the welfare of disadvantaged and marginalized groups in society, including persons with disabilities, senior citizens, and victims of drug abuse.
• 40.9% of the population in Chhattisgarh was living below the poverty line in 2004-05, according to the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India.
• This indicates that there was a significant proportion of people in Chhattisgarh who were struggling with poverty at that time.

The correct answer is Odisha.

Key Points

• Sportstar Aces Awards:-
• It is an annual event that honours Indian athletes and sports personalities.
• The award for the best state for sports promotion recognises the efforts of a state government in promoting sports and developing sports infrastructure.
• Odisha has been making significant investments in sports infrastructure and promoting various sports, which led to it receiving the prize for the best state for sports promotion in 2023.

The correct answer is Ninth plan.

Key Points

• The ninth five-year plan was launched by the united front government in 1997.
• It was focused on "growth with social justice".
• It aimed to depend predominantly on the private sector, Indian as well as foreign direct investment(FDI).
• Private sector partnership in economic activities to be increased.
• The prominence of the Public sector has declined due to an increase in the private sector.
• But in the social sectors like education, Health and infrastructure private sector participation is likely to be limited.
• It assigned priority to agriculture & rural development.
• Employment generation and eradication of poverty were also important targets for this plan.
• 6.5% was the targeted growth rate for this five-year plan but we failed to achieve it and got just 5.4%.

Additional Information Planning in India

• After independence, India chose the concept of economic planning to develop the economy.
• The concept of Economic planning was taken from USSR(Soviet Russia).
• A planning commission was established in march 1950.
• The first five-year plan was launched in 1951 with the goal of the re-establishment of the economy.
• The last five-year plan was from 2012 to 2017.
• The Planning commission was dissolved in August 2014.
• The NITI(National institution for transforming India)Aayog was established in January 2015.
• Now NITI Aayog is the think tank of the Indian economy.

The correct answer is All- A, B and C.

 Key Points

• Reallocation of resources:-
• It refers to the government's ability to distribute resources in a way that benefits the economy and society as a whole.
• Reallocation of resources is also an important objective as it allows the government to allocate resources to areas that need it the most, such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure.
• Balanced regional growth:-
• It refers to the government's efforts to ensure that economic growth is distributed evenly across all regions of the country.
• Balanced regional growth is important as it ensures that economic growth is distributed evenly across all regions of the country, reducing regional disparities and promoting overall economic development.

Additional Information

• GDP growth:-
• It is an important objective of the government budget as it reflects the overall health of the economy and its ability to create jobs and improve the standard of living for citizens.

The correct answer is Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).

Key Points

• Indian Council of Agricultural Research:-
• ICAR is the organisation formerly known as the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research and founded on July 16, 1929.
• ICAR is responsible for the planning, coordination and promotion of agricultural research and education in India.
• It operates through a network of institutes and research centres across the country, working on various aspects of agriculture, including crop improvement, animal sciences, fisheries, natural resource management, and agricultural engineering.

Additional Information

• Food Corporation of India:-
• FCI is responsible for the procurement and distribution of food grains across the country.
• Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority:-
• APEDA is responsible for the promotion and development of the export of agricultural and processed food products from India.
• National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development:
• NABARD is responsible for providing credit and other support services to farmers and rural development activities in India.

The correct answer is Uttar Pradesh.

Key Points

• National Academy of Sciences:-
• The National Academy of Sciences (India) is located in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh.
• The National Academy of Sciences is a premier scientific organization in India, established in 1930.
• It is an autonomous institution that aims to promote science and its application for the benefit of society.
• The academy comprises distinguished scientists and engineers from various fields of science and technology.

The correct asnwer is Drumlins.

Key Points

• Drumlins:-
• These are oval-shaped hills that are formed by the movement of glaciers.
• These hills are elongated in the direction of the ice flow and have a steep upstream side and a gentle downstream slope.
• Drumlins are usually found in groups and are often associated with other glacial landforms such as moraines and eskers.
• They are most commonly found in areas that were covered by ice sheets during the last ice age.

Additional Information

• Sandur:-
• It is a type of plain that is formed by glacial meltwater and sediment deposition. It is characterized by a flat surface and a braided river system.
• Moraines:-
• These are ridges of glacial till that are deposited along the edges of glaciers or at their terminus. They can be either lateral or terminal moraines depending on their location.
• Eskers:-
• These are long, winding ridges of sand and gravel that are deposited by meltwater streams that flow beneath glaciers. They are usually found in areas that were covered by ice sheets during the last ice age.

The correct answer is Intrinsic value.

Key Points

• Intrinsic value is a concept that refers to the inherent, true value of an asset, independent of its market value.
• It's often used in investing to determine whether a stock is under or overvalued by comparing its intrinsic value to its current market price.
• The calculation of intrinsic value can involve fundamental analysis of the company's financial health, including earnings, dividends, and growth rates.
• Unlike other options such as a legal proposition, prescribed currency, or guarantee of issuing company, intrinsic value is a financial metric rather than a legal or currency-related term.

Additional Information

Given:

The company A produces 488 low-quality products.

The company B produces 550 low-quality products.

The company C produces 580 low-quality products.

The company D produces 220 low-quality products.

So the company produces the maximum low - quality products is C

Formula used:

If a , b and c are in proportion then we can say b² = ac

Calculation:

Among the given options the  mean proportional of 25 and 25 is

⇒ √25 × 25 = 25

The third proportional of 25 and 25 is

⇒ 25 × 25 / 25 = 25

 ∴ The correct option is 4

Given:

Total simple interest = ₹12,750, Time = 7 years.

5% per annum for the first three years, 8% per annum for two years. and 10% per annum for the period beyond 5 years.

Concept used:

Simple interest = P × R × T / 100 [ P = principal, R = rate of interest, T = time]

Calculation: 

P = Principal

As per the question,

12,750 = (P × 3 × 5) / 100 + (P × 2 × 8) / 100  + (P × 2 × 10) / 100

⇒ 12,750 = 51P / 100 

⇒ P = Rs 25000

∴ The correct option is 1

Calculation:

The cameras manufactured in the years 2016 and 2017 = 2750 + 4750 = 7500

The cameras manufactured in the years 2020 and 2021 = 5100 + 6000 = 11100

The ratio

7500 : 11100

25 : 37

∴ Option 4 is the correct answer.

Given:

4 men and 8 women take 10 days

5 men and 24 women take 4 days

Formula used:

Total work = Efficiency × Number of days 

Calculation:

According to the question,

(4M + 8W) × 10 = (5M + 24W) × 4

⇒ 40M + 80W = 20M + 96W

⇒ 20M = 16W

⇒ M/W = 4/5

Now the total work = 10 (4M + 8W)

⇒ Total work = 10 × (4 × 4 + 8 × 5)

⇒ Total work = 10 × (16 + 40)

⇒ Total work = 560 units

Time required by 1 man and 1 woman to complete the work 

T (4 + 5) = 560

⇒ T = 560/9

⇒ T = 62(2/9) days

∴ In 62(2/9) days, 1 man and 1 woman will complete the same work.

Given:

1 - $\frac{\tan ^2 \emptyset}{\sec ^2 \emptyset}$

Concept used:

cot2Ø =  cos2Ø/Sin2Ø

Calculation:

1 - $\frac{\tan ^2 \emptyset}{\sec ^2 \emptyset}$

⇒ (sec²Ø - tan ²Ø) / sec²Ø 

⇒  1 / sec² Ø = cos²Ø

Among the given options,

Sin2Øcot2Ø = Sin2Ø × cos2Ø/Sin2Ø

⇒ cos2Ø

∴ The correct option is​ 2

Calculation:

Value of 25% = 7500

So value of 100% = 7500 × 4

⇒ 30000

∴ The correct option is 2

Given:

 α sin 45°= β cosec 30°

Calculalation:

α sin 45°= β cosec 30°

⇒ α / β = 2 × √2 / 1 

⇒  α4/β⁴ = (2 × √2)⁴

⇒  α4/β4 = 4³ 

∴ The correct option is 4

Given:

The marked price =Rs. 800

Discount = 10%. The shopkeeper allowed a further discount of 5%

Concept used:

Discount is calculated on market price .

Calculation: 

The selling price will be ,

800 × 90/100 × 95/100

= Rs 684

∴ The correct option is 2

Given:

Speed of the trains are  

In 36 seconds, the quicker train overtakes the slower one. 

Concept used:

Relative speed for the same direction = Difference of their speed

Calculation: 

The relative speed of two trains is ,

(46 - 36) × 5 /18 = 25/9 m/s

So total relative distance covered in 36 seconds

36 × 25/9 = 100 m

The length of each train is 100 / 2 = 50m

∴ The correct option is 2

Given:

a + b + c = 15 and ab + bc + ca = 22

Formula used:

(a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)

Calculation:

(a + b + c)² = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)

⇒ 15² =  a2 + b2 + c2. + 2 × 22

⇒   a2 + b2 + c2  = 225 - 44

⇒ 181

∴ The correct option is 4

Given:

  One angle of an isosceles obtuse triangle is $28\frac{1}{2}$°.

Concept used:

 In an isosceles obtuse triangle, two angles are equal.

Calculation:

The obtuse triangle is ,

⇒ 180° - (28.5 × 2)

⇒ 180° - 57° = 123°

∴ The correct option is 4

Given:

In Δ ABC and Δ PQR, ∠B = ∠Q, ∠C = ∠R and AB = 2PQ,

Calculation:

Among the following options,

These two triangles are similar .

So, AB = PQ

But here AB = 2PQ

So, they are not congruent.

∴ The correct option is 3

Given:

The dome of with a radius of 560 cm.

Rate = Rs. 25 per m2.

Concept used:

Curved surface Area of the hemisphere = 2 πr²

Calculation: 

The area of the hemisphere is,

⇒ 2 π × 5.6 × 5.6

The cost of paining is

⇒ 2 π × 5.6 × 5.6 × 25

= Rs. 4,928

∴ The correct option is 1

Given:

 2R - P = Q - R

Concept used:

The sum of the angles of a triangle is 180° 

Calculation:

As per the question,

2R - P = Q - R

⇒ 3R = P+Q

As per the formula,

P+Q+R = 180°

⇒ R + 3R = 180°

⇒  4R = 180°

⇒  R = 45° 

∴ The correct option is 1

Given:

The radius are  32 cm and 24 cm, respectively,

The length of a direct common tangent =  $24 \sqrt{7}$ cm.

Formula used:

Direct common tangent = √ (distance between the two centers2 - ( r1  - r2)2

Calculation: 

Distance between the two centers is = d cm

As per the formula,

 $24 √{7}$= √ (d2 - ( 32  - 24)2.

⇒  24 ×√7  = √(d2 - 64)

⇒24 ×√7 × 24 ×√7  = (d2 - 64)

⇒ d = √4096

⇒ d = 64 cm

∴ The correct option is 3

Concept used:

cosec2 B - cot2 B = 1

Calculation:

As we know,

cosec2 B - cot2 B = 1

⇒ cot2 B - cosec2 B = -1

∴ The correct option is 3

Given:

Rs. 13,230 due two years hence, when the interest is compounded at the rate of 5% per annum

Formula used:

In compound interest,

Amount = Principal × (1 + r / 100)n

Calculation:

Let, P is the principal

As per the question,

13230 = P × (1 + 5 / 100)2 .

⇒  13230 =  P × (21/20)2 .

​⇒ P = Rs 12000

∴ The correct option is 4

Given:

Discount = 31%,  profit = 15%.

cost price is Rs. 3,420

Formula used:

Market price = $(100+profit) / (100 - discount)$ × cost price

Calculation:

As per the question,

The market price will be,

⇒ (100 + 15 / 100 - 31) × 3420

⇒ ₹ 5700

  ∴ The correct option is 1

Given:

A man invests ₹44,000 .

The ratio 1 : 4 : 5 which pay dividends of 10%, 15% and 25% on his investment for one year, respectively.

Calculation:

The money he receives from 10% interest is,

⇒ 44000 × 1/(1+4+5) × 10/100 = 440

⇒ 44000 × 1/10 × 1/10 = 440

The money he receives from 15% interest is,

⇒ 44000 × 4/10 × 15/100 = 2640

The money he receives from 25% interest is,

⇒ 44000 × 5/10 × 25/100 = 5500

Total amount is 5500 + 2640 + 440 = ₹ 8580

∴ The correct option is 2

Calculation:

​$2 \frac{3}{5}$÷  \(\left[2 \frac{1}{3} ÷\left{4 \frac{1}{3}-\left(2 \frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}\right)\right}\right]\) 

⇒ $\frac{13}{5}$ ÷ [ 7/3 ÷ { 13/3 - 19/6}]

⇒ $\frac{13}{5}$÷  [ 7/3 ÷ {7/6}]

⇒ $\frac{13}{5}$÷  [ 7/3 × 6/7]

⇒ $\frac{13}{5}$ × 1/ 2 = $1 \frac{3}{10}$

∴ The correct option is 1

Given:

An item is sold for Rs. 2,744

 Profit = 12%

Concept used:

Cost price = selling price - profit

Calculation:

The cost price of the article is,

⇒ 2744 × 100/112

⇒ 2744 × 25/28

= 2450

The selling price to earn 5% profit is 

2450 × 105/100

⇒ 2450 × 21/20

= Rs  2,572.50

  ∴ The correct option is 1

Calculation:

{[ (x - 5) (x -1)] - [(9x - 5) (9x - 1)]} ÷ 16x

⇒ x² - 6x +5 - 81x² + 54x - 5 ÷ 16x

⇒ (-80x² + 48x) ÷ 16x

⇒ -(5x - 3) = 0

∴ The correct option is 2

Given:

Aman decided to cover a distance of 12 km in 78 minutes.

He decided to cover 2/3rd of the distance at 10 km/h .

Concept used:

Distance = speed × time

Calculation: 

Time taken to cover 1st 12 × 2/3 = 8 km distance 

⇒ 8 × 60/10 = 48 minutes

Remaining time 78 - 48 = 30

Remaining distance 12 - 8 = 4 km

He has to travel 4 km in 30 minutes 

So the speed will be 4 × 2 = 8 km/h

∴ The correct option is 2

Given:

x + 1/x = 2

1�Unknown node type: span1�Unknown node type: span1�Unknown node type: span1�Unknown node type: span1�Unknown node type: span1�Unknown node type: span

Calculation:

If , x + $\frac{1}{x}$ = 2

We can assume that x = 1 

So the value of x1823 + $\frac{1}{x^{1929}}$ is 

⇒ 1 + 1 = 2

∴ The correct option is 1

The correct answer is "To do something quickly or cheaply, often at the expense of quality or safety."

 Key Points

• "Cutting corners" means taking shortcuts or finding ways to do something faster or cheaper. (शॉर्टकट अपनाना या किसी काम को तेजी से या सस्ता करने के तरीके खोजना)
• This phrase often implies that the shortcuts being taken may compromise quality or safety.
• Example: The construction company was cutting corners to finish the project on time.
• The correct answer is Option 2.
  

Additional Information

• Option 1, "To take the long way around," is the opposite of cutting corners and implies taking extra time or effort to do something. (कुछ करने में अतिरिक्त समय या प्रयास लगाना)
• Option 3, "To follow the rules strictly," is not related to cutting corners and is actually the opposite behavior. (नियमों का सख्ती से पालन करना ह)
• Option 4, "To be honest and fair," is also not related to cutting corners and refers to ethical behavior. (नैतिक आचरण)

Here, the erroneous part is "that angry."

 Key Points

• The error lies in the part "that angry."
• The sentence uses the phrase 'that angry', which is redundant as 'angry' already expresses the intensity of emotion.
• The correct way to write the sentence would be: "He was so angry that he slammed the book on the table."
• The correct answer is Option 2.

The correct answer is "Chapter and verse."

Key Points

• "Chapter and verse" means to provide detailed and specific evidence or information to support a claim or argument. (किसी दावे या तर्क का समर्थन करने के लिए विस्तृत और विशिष्ट साक्ष्य या जानकारी प्रदान करना)
• Example: She came home and gave me chapter and verse about going to his place after a drink.
• In this situation, Shyam provided proof to support his claim of innocence.
• This idiom comes from the practice of citing specific chapters and verses in religious texts to support an argument.
• The correct answer is Option 3.
  

Additional Information

• "Buying the pig in a poke" means to buy something without inspecting it first. (किसी चीज़ का पहले निरीक्षण किए बिना उसे खरीदना)
• "Cast pearls before swine" means to offer something valuable to someone who doesn't appreciate it. (किसी ऐसे व्यक्ति को कोई मूल्यवान वस्तु प्रदान करना जो उसकी सराहना नहीं करता)
• "Beating about the bush" means to avoid getting to the point or being indirect in conversation. (मुद्दे पर पहुंचने या बातचीत में अप्रत्यक्ष होने से बचना)

The correct answer is "Essential."

 Key Points

• "Requirement" means something that you need or that you must do or have. (अपेक्षा, ज़रूरत, माँग)
• Example: What are the requirements for this job?
• "Essential" means something that is necessary or indispensable. (परमावश्‍यक; सर्वथा अपेक्षित)
• Example: Good communication skills are essential for this job.
• The synonym of "Requirement" is "Essential."
• The correct answer is Option 1.
  

Additional Information

• Serious means something that is important or grave in nature. (दुर्दशाग्रस्‍त; बुरी हालत या ख़तरनाक या चिंताजनक)
• Vague means something that is unclear or imprecise. (अस्‍पष्‍ट या अनिश्‍चित)
• Importance means the quality of being significant or valuable. (महत्व)

The correct answer is "Monologe."

 Key Points

• The correct spelling of the word is 'Monologue.'
• The incorrect spelling in option 2 has an extra 'e' added at the end.
• The correct pronunciation is 'mon-uh-log', with stress on the second syllable.
• "Monologue" means a long speech by one person, for example in a play. (अकेले व्यक्ति का लंबा भाषण (जैसे नाटक में), एकालाप; स्‍वगत भाषण)
• Example: He subjected me to a monologue on his last stay in hospital.
• The correct answer is Option 2.
  

Additional Information

• Option 1: 'Mischievous' means causing or showing a fondness for causing trouble in a playful way. ((प्रायः बच्‍चों के लिए प्रयुक्त) शरारती, नटखट)
• Option 3: 'Maintenance' means the process of maintaining or preserving something. (रख-रखाव)
• Option 4: 'Millionaire' means a person whose wealth amounts to at least a million dollars. (लखपति, करोड़पति; बहुत धनी व्‍यक्ति)

The correct answer is "Insensitive."

 Key Points

• "Callous" means showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others. (दूसरों की भावनाओं या पीड़ा की उपेक्षा करते हुए; कठोर हृदय, बेदर्द, निष्ठुर, संवेदनाहीन)
• Example: The callous remarks of the politician angered the public.
• ​*"Insensitive"* is a synonym of "callous."
• It means lacking in feeling or consideration for others. (दूसरों की भावनाओं की उपेक्षा करने वाला और इस प्रकार उन्‍हें कष्‍ट पहुँचाने वाला; संवेदनाहीन)
• Example: She is very insensitive.
• The correct answer is Option 3.
  

Additional Information

• Inordinate means excessive or unreasonable. (सामान्‍य या प्रत्‍याशित से बहुत अधिक, अत्‍यधिक; अमर्यादित)
• Compassionate means showing sympathy and concern for others. (दूसरों के प्रति सहानुभूति और चिंता दिखाना)
• Unshackle means to release from restraints or restrictions. (बंधनों या प्रतिबंधों से मुक्त होना)

The correct answer is "has not been and can never be."

 Key Points

• The original sentence is in the present tense, but the use of "has not" suggests that it should be in the present perfect tense.
• The correct form of the present perfect tense is "has not been."
• The second half of the sentence also requires the use of "be" to make it grammatically correct.
• "Can never" is the correct phrase to use to convey that something is impossible.
• The correct answer is Option 1.
  

Correct sentence: Sujata has not been and can never be in the good books of her principal, as she lacks honesty.

The correct answer is "demolished."

 Key Points

• The correct spelling of the word is "demolished."
• It means to destroy something, for example a building. ((भवन आदि को) गिरा देना, तोड़ देना, ध्वस्‍त कर देना)
• Example: They demolished the building.
• The word is spelled with a "e" after the first "d.", not a "a."
• The correct pronunciation is "dih-muh-lishd."
• The past tense of the verb is "demolished", as used in the sentence.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Correct sentence: The old building was demolished to make way for a new building.

The correct answer is "Philanthropist."

 Key Points

• "Philanthropist" is a noun that refers to a person who loves mankind and is actively involved in promoting human welfare. (दान आदि के द्वारा ज़रूरतमंदों की सहायता करने वाला व्‍यक्ति; परोपकारी व्‍यक्ति, लोकोपकारक)
• Example: Bill Gates is a well-known philanthropist who has donated billions of dollars to various charities and causes.
• The word is derived from the Greek words 'philos' meaning 'loving' and 'anthropos' meaning 'human being'.
• So, a lover of mankind is called Philanthropist.
• The correct answer is Option 2.
  

Additional Information

• Misanthrope (Option 1) refers to a person who hates or distrusts mankind. (मनुष्य से घृणा करनेवाला; मानवद्वेषी)
• Narcissist (Option 3) refers to a person who is excessively self-absorbed and has an inflated sense of self-importance. (एक व्यक्ति जो अत्यधिक आत्म-लीन है और जिसमें आत्म-महत्व की भावना बढ़ी हुई है)
• Lexicographer (Option 4) refers to a person who writes or compiles dictionaries. (शब्दकोशों का लेखन करनेवाला व्यक्ति; कोशकार)

The correct answer is "has the prospect."

Key Points 

• The sentence is in the present tense, so the verb should also be in the present tense.
• The error lies in the Subject Verb agreement.
• The subject "integration of cutting - edge technologies" is singular, so we need a singular helping verb "has" with it.
• "Has the prospect" means that there is a possibility or likelihood of something happening in the future, which fits the meaning of the sentence.
• The correct answer is Option 3.

Correct sentence: The integration of cutting - edge technologies into the healthcare industry has the prospect of revolutionising the way medical professionals provide patient care.

Additional Information​

• "Were the potential" is incorrect because "were" is past tense and does not match the present tense of the rest of the sentence.
• "Have the potential" is grammatically correct, but "has the prospect" is a better fit in terms of meaning.
• "Will have potential" is incorrect because it changes the meaning of the sentence to suggest that the potential is not currently present, but will be in the future.

The correct answer is "A hostile hunter killed the tiger on an unfortunate day."

 Key Points

• The given sentence is in the Passive Voice. It is in Simple Past Tense.
• As per the given question, we must change it to Active Voice.
• The structure of the given sentence is as follows:
• Subject + V2 + Object. (Active Voice)
• Subject (objective case)+ was/were + V3 + Object (subjective case). (Passive Voice)
• Example:
• Their cousin showed them some rare photographs. (Active Voice)
• They were shown some rare photographs by their cousin. (Passive Voice)
• In the passive voice, the action "killing" is performed by the doer "tiger."
• "Hostile" is the subject and "tiger" is the object in the active voice.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
  

Correct sentence: A hostile hunter killed the tiger on an unfortunate day.

The correct answer is "Is the pizza being delivered by you?"

Key Points

• The given sentence is in the Present Continuous Tense and in Active Voice.
• The rule for changing a Present Continuous Tense from Active voice to Passive voice or Passive to Active Voice:
• Interchange the object and subject with each other, i.e. object of the active sentence become the subject of the passive sentence.
• Structure:
• Is/am/are + Subject + v1 + ing+ object? (Active Voice)
• Is/am/are + Object + was/were + being + V3 + by Subject? (Passive Voice)
• Example:
• Was Esha singing a song? (Active Voice)
• Was a song being sung by Esha? (Passive Voice)
• The subject of the given sentence is 'you'.​​
• The object of the given sentence is 'pizza'.
• The subject will be put in place of the object and the object will be put in place of the subject.
• And 'Is delivering' will be changed into 'is being delivering'.
• "Pizza" is a singular subject, so we must "is" with it.
• The correct answer is option 4.

Correct sentence: Is the pizza being delivered by you?

The correct answer is "weak."

 Key Points

• "Resilient" means able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions. (रोग, आघात, परिवर्तन आदि से सँभलने में समर्थ; प्रतिस्‍कंदी, लचीला)
• Example: Life is hard there, but the people are resilient.
• "Weak" means lacking in strength or power. ((शरीर) दुर्बल, कमज़ोर, निर्बल; अशक्त)
• Example: The child was very weak.
• Therefore, "weak" is the most appropriate antonym for "resilient" in the given sentence.
• The correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• Option 1: "intricate" means complex or detailed. (जिसमें अनेक छोटे अंशों या ब्‍योरों को पेचीदा ढंग से जुटा दिया गया हो, उलझा हुआ, उलझावदार, पेचीदा)
• Option 2: "lint" means fine, fluffy fibers that accumulate on clothing or in a dryer. (घावों को ढकने और सुरक्षित रखने के लिए प्रयुक्त नरम सूती कपड़ा; फाहा)
• Option 3: "lapse" means a temporary failure or decline. (वह संक्षिप्‍त अवधि जिसमें आपको कोई बात याद न आए या जो आप कर रहे हों वह दिमाग़ में न रहे; भ्रंश, च्‍यूति, चूक)

The correct answer is "B, D, A, C."

Key Points

• The sentence talks about the intimate link between renunciation of the social world and asceticism.
• The first point to note comes before this discussion. So, the first part must be B.
• Part D introduces an object to the part B. So, D must follow B.
• The next part must be AC, as it provides a connection between renunciation of the social world and asceticism
• The correct answer is Option 2.
• Therefore, the correct order is:
  

B (the first point to note), D (the intimate link), A (between renunciation of the social world), C (and asceticism).

The correct answer is "Retrogression."

 Key Points

• "Deterioration" means the process of becoming progressively worse. (स्थिति में गिरावट, पतन, ह्रास)
• Example: We've seen a deterioration in relations between the countries.
• "Retrogression" means the act of going backwards or declining. (पीछे की ओर जाने या घटने की क्रिया या भाव)
• Example: The retrogression of the economy has led to job losses and lower wages.
• It is a synonym for deterioration.
• The correct answer is Option 1.
  

Additional Information

• Option 2 (Demonstration) means a public display or protest. (एक सार्वजनिक प्रदर्शन या विरोध)
• Option 3 (Malfunction) means a failure or breakdown of a machine or system. (इस तरह की ख़राबी) 
  
• Option 4 (Ramification) means a consequence or result of an action. ((किसी निर्णय या कार्य के) जटिल अनपेक्षित परिणाम)

The correct answer is "B, A, C, D."

 Key Points

• The sentence talks about the negative effects of family members being exposed to each other's capricious minds and the waste of human resources on society.
• The sentence must start with the subject "the waste of human resources", so the first part must be B.
• The next part must be A, as it introduces a relative clause with "that."
• The next part must be CD, as it provides the object for part A.
• The correct answer is option 4.
• Correct sentence:

Waste of human resources and , the fact that all members of the family were exposed, to each other's capricious minds had a debasing effect, on the vitality of society as a whole.