SSC CHSL Tier-1 2023: Official Paper (Held On: 07 Aug, 2023 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

Given:

233, 237, 245, 257, 273,?

Logic: Addition of the consecutive multiple of '4'.

Here, the missing term is '293'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Statements:

Some tickets are clocks.

All buttons are tickets.

No stamps are clocks.

The Venn diagram as per the given statements:

Conclusions:

(I) No tickets are stamps. → Not follow ( There is no direct relation given between tickets and stamps so it can be possible but not definitely true)

(II) Some buttons are clocks. → Not follow (There is no direct relation given between buttons and clocks so it can be possible but not definitely true)

Hence, the correct answer is "Neither conclusion (I) nor (II) follows".

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Given:

HP 16, ?, NV 64, QY 100, TB 144

The logic followed in the given series:

Here, the missing term is 'KS 36'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Given:

40, 39, 37, 34, 30,?

Logic: Subtraction of consecutive natural numbers.

Here, the missing term is '25'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we use the BODMAS table given below:

Given:

⇒ 35 - 28 ÷ 7 + 322 × 23

After interchanging '+' and '-' & '×' and '÷' →

⇒ 35 + 28 × 7 - 322 ÷ 23

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 35 + 28 × 7 - 322 ÷ 23

⇒ 35 + 28 × 7 - 14

⇒ 35 + 196 - 14

⇒ 231 - 14 = 217

⇒ '35 + 28 × 7 - 322 ÷ 23 = 217'

Here, the value of the equation is '217'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Logic: Second no. = [(First no. × 9) - 9]

Checking the given options:

(1) 17 : 162 →

​⇒ [(17 × 9) + 9]

​⇒ (153 + 9) = 162

(2) 15 : 126 →

​⇒ [(15 × 9) - 9]

​⇒ (135 - 9) = 126

(3) 27 : 234 →

​⇒ [(27 × 9) - 9]

​⇒ (243 - 9) = 234

(4) 31 : 270 →

​⇒ [(31 × 9) - 9]

​⇒ (279 - 9) = 270

Here, '17 : 162' is different from the rest.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Logic: '2' and '3' are added to the positional value of the first and second alphabet respectively.

Checking the given options:

1. BDG →

2. MOR →

3. PRU →

4. GJM →

Here, 'GJM' is different from the rest.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Here, we use the BODMAS table given below:

Given:

⇒ 8 ÷ 512 × 64 + 33 - 95

After interchanging '+' and '-' & '×' and '÷' →

⇒ 8 × 512 ÷ 64 - 33 + 95

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 8 × 512 ÷ 64 - 33 + 95

⇒ 8 × 8 - 33 + 95

⇒ 64 - 33 + 95 

⇒ 159 - 33 = 126

⇒ '8 × 512 ÷ 64 - 33 + 95 = 126'

Here, the value of the equation is '126'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Logic: '6' is added to the positional value of each alphabet.

NQSP is related to TWYV →

EHJG is related to KNPM →

Similarly, 'LOQN' will be related to:

Here, 'LOQN' is related to 'RUWT'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Given:

CYF, IHI, ?, UZO, AIR

Logic: '6', '9' and '3' are added to the positional value of the first, second and third alphabet respectively.

Here, the missing term is 'OQL'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Given: 'BACKING'

Arranging in alphabetical order:

BACKING → ABCGIKN

Here, the two letters 'C' and 'I' remain unchanged.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Logic: Second no. = [(First no. × 3) + 5]

23 is related to 74 →

​⇒ [(23 × 3) + 5]

​⇒ (69 + 5) = 74

13 is related to 44 →

​⇒ [(13 × 3) + 5]

​⇒ (39 + 5) = 44

Similarly, '18' will be related to:

​⇒ [(18 × 3) + 5]

​⇒ (54 + 5) = 59

Here, '18' is related to '59'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The logic followed in the given figure series is:

From Figure (1) to (2):

The circles are removed, one rectangle and one triangle are added and a new symbol is introduced.

From Figure (2) to (3):

The rectangles are removed, one triangle and one (%) symbol are added and a new symbol is introduced.

From Figure (3) to (4):

The triangles are removed, one (%) symbol and one (+) symbol are added and a new symbol (+) is introduced.

From Figure (4) to Answer Figure:

The (%) symbols are removed, one (+) symbol and one (=) symbol are added and a new symbol (*) is introduced.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Logic: Second no. = [(First no.)² - 5]

Given:

6 ∶ 31 →

​⇒ [(6)² - 5]

​⇒ (36 - 5) = 31

8 ∶ 59 →

​⇒ [(8)2 - 5]

​⇒ (64 - 5) = 59

Checking the given options:

(1) 7 : 42 →

​⇒ [(7)2 - 5]

​⇒ (49 - 5) = 44

(2) 9 : 75 →

​⇒ [(9)2 - 5]

​⇒ (81 - 5) = 76

(3) 25 : 620 →

​⇒ [(25)2 - 5]

​⇒ (625 - 5) = 620

(4) 12 : 140 →

​⇒ [(12)2 - 5]

​⇒ (144 - 5) = 139

Here, '25 : 620' is similar to the given number pairs.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Preparing the family tree diagram by using the following symbols:

As per the given information:

1. Q is the brother of L, L is the sister of N and N is the father of R.

2.  R is married to P and P is the brother of T.

3. T is the mother of X and Y is the daughter of R.

Here, Y is the daughter of T's brother.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Given:

FNL, CRI, ZVF, WZC,?

Logic: '3' is subtracted from the positional value of the first and third alphabet and '4' is added to the positional value of the second alphabet.

Here, the missing term is 'TDZ'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Statements:

All rocks are mountains.

All stones are pebbles.

Some pebbles are mountains.

The Venn diagram as per the given statements:

Conclusions:

(I) Some rocks are stones. → Not follow (Because there is no direct relation between rocks and stones so it can be possible but not definitely true)

(II) No pebbles are rocks. → Not follow (Because there is no direct relation between pebbles and rocks so it can be possible but not definitely true)

Hence, the correct answer is "Neither conclusion (I) nor (II) follows".

Here, we use the table given below:

​

Logic: Addition and subtraction of '1' alternatively.

'HALLUCINATED' is written as 'IZMKVBJMBSFC' →

'PURIFICATION' is written as 'QTSHGHDZUHPM' →

Similarly, 'ABBREVIATION' will be written as:

Here, 'ABBREVIATION' is written as 'BACQFUJZUHPM'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Here, we use the BODMAS table given below:

Given:

⇒ 24 + 4 - 9 × 3 ÷ 6

After interchanging '+' and '-' & '×' and '÷' →

⇒ 24 - 4 + 9 ÷ 3 × 6

Apply BODMAS rule:

⇒ 24 - 4 + 9 ÷ 3 × 6

⇒ 24 - 4 + 3 × 6

⇒ 24 - 4 + 18

⇒ 42 - 4 = 38

⇒ '24 - 4 + 9 ÷ 3 × 6 = 38'

Here, the value of the equation is '38'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

As per the given information:

Here, the code for 'turn' is 'sq'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Logic: Rearrangement of the alphabet.

DHMN is related to DMNH →

PTSQ is related to PSQT →

Similarly, 'JLTA' will be related to:

Here, 'JLTA' is related to 'JTAL'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The number of triangles in the given figure is:

Here, the number of triangles is '10'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Given: 15 January 1997 = Wednesday

So, 

15 January 1998 = Wednesday + 1 = Thursday

15 January 1999 = Thursday + 1 = Friday

15 January 2000 = Friday + 1 = Saturday,

But, we need to find the day on 5 January 2000, so subtract 10 days(15^th to 5 January) from Saturday.

Therefore, Saturday - 10 = Wednesday.

So, 5 January 2000 = Wednesday.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The correct answer is Valid for only point charge.

Key Points

• Coulomb's law:-
• It is a fundamental law of electrostatics that describes the interaction between electric charges.
• It states that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
• While Coulomb's law is only valid for point charges, the principle can be extended to calculate the force between distributed charges by treating them as a collection of point charges.
• Coulomb's law is a fundamental principle that is used extensively in electrostatics, including in the design of electrical circuits and devices.

Additional Information

• A point charge is a theoretical concept used to describe a charge that is concentrated at a single point in space.
• Distributed charges are charges that are spread out over a surface or volume.

The correct answer is Ahmedabad.

Key Points

• SEWA Cooperative Bank:-
• The SEWA Cooperative Bank was first initiated in Ahmedabad in 1974.
• It was founded by the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA), a trade union based in Gujarat that focuses on empowering women in the informal sector.
• The bank was established to provide financial services to SEWA members, who were mostly women working in the informal sector.
• Today, the SEWA Cooperative Bank has grown to become one of the largest cooperative banks in India, with branches in several cities across the country.

Additional Information

• Jaipur:-
• It is the capital city of Rajasthan and is known for its rich history and cultural heritage.
• Lucknow:-
• It is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh and is famous for its cuisine and architecture.
• Bhopal:-
• It is the capital city of Madhya Pradesh and is known for its lakes, museums, and historical landmarks.

The correct answer is T. S. Sivagnanam.

 Key Points

• T. S. Sivagnanam:-
• He is a highly respected judge who has served in various capacities in the Indian judiciary.
• He was appointed as the Chief Justice of the Calcutta High Court in May 2023, and he is expected to serve with distinction in this role.

The correct answer is David Tilman.

Key Points

• David Tilman:-
• He showed in his long-term experiment on outdoor plots that biodiversity is essential to the productivity, stability, resistance to invasion of ecosystems, and fertility of their soils.
• His experiment involved growing different combinations of plant species and measuring the resulting productivity and stability of the ecosystem.
• The results showed that ecosystems with higher biodiversity were more productive and stable, and had greater resistance to invasion by non-native species.
• This experiment supports the idea that preserving biodiversity is crucial for maintaining healthy and functioning ecosystems.

Additional Information

• Karl Mobius:-
• He was a German zoologist who studied marine ecosystems, but did not conduct research on the importance of biodiversity.
• Herbert Spencer:-
• He was a 19^th-century philosopher and sociologist who did not conduct any research on ecology or biodiversity.
• Edward Osborne Wilson:-
• He is a renowned biologist who has done extensive research on biodiversity.

The correct answer is 74.04%

Key Points

• Census of 2011:-
• The literacy rate of India as per the Census of 2011 is 0.7404, which means that 74.04% of the population is literate.
• This is an improvement from the 2001 Census, where the literacy rate was 64.83%.
• The literacy rate is higher in urban areas (84.1%) compared to rural areas (68.9%).
• Kerala has the highest literacy rate among all the states in India with 96.2%, while Bihar has the lowest with 63.8%.

The correct answer is Bali, Indonesia.

Key Points

• G20 Health Ministers Meeting:-
• The G20 Health Ministers Meeting is a forum where health ministers from the G20 countries come together to discuss and coordinate their efforts on global health issues.
• The second G20 Health Ministers Meeting was held in Bali. Indonesia in October 2022, and it was addressed by Dr Mansukh Mandaviya, Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare.

The correct answer is Chahat Arora

Key Points

• Chahat Arora:-
• Chahat Arora is an Indian swimmer who has represented India at various international swimming competitions.
• She set a national record in 100m breaststroke at the FINA World Swimming Championships (25m) 2022.

Additional Information

• FINA World Swimming Championships (25m):-
• It is a biennial swimming competition organized by FINA, the international governing body of aquatic sports.
• Breaststroke:-
• It is a swimming stroke in which the swimmer moves their arms in a circular motion while kicking their legs in a frog-like motion.

The correct answer is During festive season the CDR typically declines.

Key Points

• Currency Deposit Ratio:-
• CDR is the ratio of currency with the public to demand deposits of banks.
• It reflects people's preference for liquidity, i.e., how much currency people prefer to hold in comparison to keeping it in the bank.
• CDR is a behavioral parameter as it depends on people's spending habits and their confidence in the banking system.
• It may also depend on the interest rates offered by banks on deposits and the inflation rate in the economy.
• The seasonal pattern of expenditure may affect CDR as people tend to withdraw more currency during festive seasons for spending purposes.

The correct answer is Article 48.

Key Points

• Article 48:-
• Article 48 of the Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution emphasizes the protection and improvement of agriculture and animal husbandry and promotes the use of modern scientific techniques in agriculture.
• Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana:-
• It is a crop insurance scheme introduced by the Government of India in 2016 to provide financial support to farmers in case of crop failure, damage, or loss due to natural calamities, pests, or diseases.
• This scheme is aimed at ensuring food security, stabilizing farm incomes, and reducing the burden of debt on farmers, and is implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare.

Additional Information

• Article 47:-
• It deals with the duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living, while Article 45 pertains to the provision of free and compulsory education for children between the ages of six and fourteen.
• Article 46:-
• It talks about the promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other weaker sections of society.

The correct answer is If real GDP is 240 and price index is 120 , nominal GDP is 288.

Key Points

• Nominal GDP:-
• It is calculated by multiplying the real GDP by the price index.
• The nominal GDP should be 288 (240 x 120/100).

The correct answer is i - d, ii - a, iii - b, iv - c.

Key Points

• GNP:-
• Gross National Product is the total value of goods and services produced by a country's residents, including those produced abroad, and can be calculated as C (consumption) + I (investment) + G (government spending) + net exports (exports - imports).
• NNP:-
• (Net National Product) is the GNP minus depreciation, which is the decrease in value of capital goods over time due to wear and tear.
• GDP:-
• (Gross Domestic Product) is the total value of goods and services produced within a country's borders, and can be calculated as C + I + G + net exports.
• NDP:-
• (Net Domestic Product) is the GDP minus depreciation.

 Additional Information

• National income measures:-
• These are important indicators of a country's economic performance and are used for policy-making and analysis.
• Another measure of national income is GNI (Gross National Income), which is similar to GNP but includes net income from abroad and excludes net taxes and subsidies.
• Per capita measures of national income, such as GDP per capita or GNP per capita, can provide insights into the standard of living of a country's population.
• National income measures have limitations and do not capture important aspects of economic activity, such as non-market activities, informal sector, and environmental degradation.

The correct answer is tetrahydrofuran.

Key Points

• tetrahydrofuran:-
• Oxolane is a cyclic ether with the molecular formula C₄H₈O.
• It is also known as tetrahydrofuran (THF).
• THF is a colorless, water-miscible organic liquid with a faintly sweet odor. It is widely used as a solvent in chemical reactions and as a starting material for the synthesis of various organic compounds.

Additional Information

• Thiophene:-
• It is a heterocyclic compound with the molecular formula C₄H₄S.
• It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a strong odor. Thiophene and its derivatives are used in the production of various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and polymers.
• Tetrahedrane:-
• It is a hypothetical compound with a tetrahedral arrangement of four carbon atoms. It is a highly strained molecule that has not been synthesized yet.
• Tetrahedrane and its derivatives are studied for their potential applications in materials science and catalysis.
• Tropolone:-
• It is an aromatic compound with the molecular formula C7H6O2. It is a yellow crystalline solid with a bitter taste. Tropolone and its derivatives are used as chelating agents, antioxidants, and antibacterial agents.

The correct answer is Lord Auckland.

Key Points

• Tripartite treaty:-
• Lord Auckland signed the Tripartite treaty on behalf of the British Government to interfere in the affairs of Afghanistan.
• The treaty was signed in 1838 between the British, Afghan, and Sikh empires.
• The treaty was aimed at countering Russian influence in Afghanistan.
• The treaty ultimately led to the First Anglo-Afghan War, which ended in a British defeat and withdrawal from Afghanistan.

Additional Information

• Lord Mayo:-
• He was the Viceroy of India from 1869 to 1872 and was assassinated in the Andaman Islands.
• Lord Wellesley:-
• He was the Governor-General of India from 1798 to 1805 and was known for his aggressive policies towards the French and other European powers in India.
• Lord Canning:-
• He was the Governor-General of India during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and oversaw the transfer of power from the East India Company to the British Crown.

The correct answer is Tropical evergreen forests.

Key Points

• Tropical evergreen forests:-
• These are also known as rainforests, which are characterized by high rainfall and year-round warm temperatures.
• Ebony, mahogany, and rosewood trees are part of the Tropical evergreen forest.
• These forests are home to a diverse range of flora and fauna and are considered one of the most biologically diverse ecosystems on the planet.

Additional Information

• Temperate forests:-
• These are found in regions with moderate temperatures and distinct seasons, such as the northeastern United States, Europe, and parts of Asia.
• Trees commonly found in temperate forests include oak, maple, and birch.
• Tropical deciduous forests:-
• These are found in regions with seasonal rainfall, such as India and Africa.
• Trees commonly found in tropical deciduous forests include sal, teak, and eucalyptus.
• Alpine vegetation:-
• These refers to the plants that grow at high altitudes, typically above the tree line.
• These plants are adapted to the harsh conditions of high altitude environments, such as cold temperatures and low oxygen levels.

The correct answer is a, b, c.

Key Points

• Dollu Kunitha:-
• It is a traditional dance form of Karnataka, performed mainly by the menfolk of the shepherd community.
• The word "Dollu" means "drum" in Kannada, and the dance is characterized by the use of large drums, which are decorated with colorful clothes and played by the dancers themselves.
• The dance is usually performed during religious festivals and other auspicious occasions, and is accompanied by songs that are sung in praise of gods and goddesses, as well as in celebration of battles and victories.

The correct answer is Bappi Lahiri.

Key Points

• Bappi Lahiri-
• He was a popular music director in India who has composed music for over 600 films.
• He is known for his disco and electronic music style and has won several awards for his work.

Additional Information

• Birju Maharaj:-
• Birju Maharaj is a Padma Vibhushan awardee and has also received several national and international awards for his contribution to the field of dance.
• He is a renowned Kathak dancer and choreographer.
• Kaifi Azmi:-
• He was a renowned poet and lyricist.
• Kaifi Azmi was known for his socially relevant and progressive lyrics and was also a prominent member of the Indian People's Theatre Association (IPTA).
• Anjaan:-
• He was a lyricist and screenwriter.
• Anjaan was a popular lyricist in the 1980s and 1990s and has written songs for several hit films.

The correct answer is cricket.

Key Points

• 'How's that?:-
• The appeal 'How's that?' is associated with cricket and is made by the fielding team to the umpire to ask whether the batsman is out or not out.
• In cricket, the fielding team can appeal for various reasons such as caught behind, LBW (leg before wicket), stumped, hit wicket, and run-out. The umpire then makes a decision based on the appeal and the rules of the game.

Additional Information

• Badminton:-
• It is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs (doubles), who take positions on opposite halves of a rectangular court that is divided by a net.
• The game is won by scoring points by striking a shuttlecock with the racquet and landing it within the opposing side's half of the court.
• Volleyball:-
• It is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net.
• Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules.
• Hockey:-
• It is a team sport in which two teams play against each other by trying to maneuver a ball or a puck into the opponent's goal using a hockey stick.
• It is played on various types of fields, such as natural grass, ice, or artificial turf.

The correct answer is Otto Schmidt.

Key Points

• Nebular hypothesis:-
• Otto Schmidt was a Russian scientist who proposed the revised nebular hypothesis in 1950.
• The revised hypothesis proposed that the sun is surrounded by a solar nebula consisting mainly of hydrogen and helium, as well as dust.
• This hypothesis is widely accepted today and forms the basis of our understanding of the formation of our solar system.

The correct answer is Sattiya.

Key Points

• Ranjumoni Saikia:-
• She won the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award of 2019 for the dance form called Sattriya.
• Sattriya:-
• It is a classical dance form that originated in the state of Assam, India.
• It is one of the eight recognized classical dance forms of India.
• Sattriya is a devotional dance form that is performed in the monasteries of Assam, known as sattras.

Additional Information

• Odissi:-
• It is a classical dance form that originated in the state of Odisha, India. It is characterized by fluid movements and facial expressions that depict stories from Hindu mythology.
• Bharatanatyam:-
• It is a classical dance form that originated in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It is characterized by intricate footwork, hand gestures, and facial expressions that convey stories from Hindu mythology.
• Chhau:-
• it is a classical dance form that originated in the eastern states of India, namely Jharkhand, Odisha, and West Bengal. It is characterized by masked dancers who depict stories from Hindu mythology.

The correct answer is  Article 13

Key Points

• Article 13 of the Indian Constitution:-
• It mentions that laws that are inconsistent with or in derogation of any of the fundamental rights shall be void.
• This means that any law that goes against the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution will be deemed invalid and unenforceable.
• Fundamental rights are an important aspect of the Indian Constitution and are enshrined in Part III of the Constitution.
• These rights include the right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and the right to constitutional remedies.
• The Constitution also provides for the protection of these fundamental rights through the mechanism of the judiciary, which can strike down any law that violates these rights.

Additional Information

• Article 14 of the Constitution:-
• It guarantees the right to equality before the law and equal protection of the law to all citizens.
• Article 15:-
• It prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
• Article 16:-
• It guarantees equality of opportunity in matters of public employment and prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them.

The correct answer is Best Female Para Badminton Player of the year by the World Badminton Federation (BWF)

Key Points

• Manisha Ramadass:-
• Manisha Ramadass is a Para Badminton player from India who has won several national and international tournaments.
• She received the Best Female Para Badminton Player of the year award by the World Badminton Federation (BWF) in 2022.
• This award recognizes her exceptional performance in the sport of Para Badminton.

Additional Information

• Para Badminton:-
• It is a sport designed for athletes with physical disabilities.
• World Badminton Federation:-
• (BWF) is the governing body for the sport of badminton globally.
• Sports Authority of India:-
• (SAI) is a government body that promotes and develops sports in India.

The correct answer is National Highways Authority of India.

Key Points

• National Highways Authority of India:-
• The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has undertaken the Golden Quadrilateral project.
• The project involves the construction of a 5,846 km network of highways connecting the four major cities of Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata.
• The project was initiated in 2001 and completed in 2012 at a cost of around undefined300 billion (US$4.2 billion).
• The Golden Quadrilateral project is one of the largest highway construction projects in the world.

Additional Information

• National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited:-
• NHIDCL is a public sector undertaking that was established in 2014 to promote, develop, and maintain infrastructure projects in the country.
• Indian Roads Construction Corporation:-
• IRCON is a government-owned infrastructure company that was established in 1976 to undertake construction projects in India and abroad.
• Border Road Organisation:-
• BRO is a branch of the Indian Army that is responsible for the construction and maintenance of roads in border areas$.

The correct answer is Mysore Palace.

Key Points

• Dussehra:-
• It is a major Hindu festival that celebrates the victory of good over evil.
• It is usually celebrated in the months of September or October.
• The festival is also known as Vijayadashami and marks the end of the Navratri festival.
• In different parts of India, Dussehra is celebrated in different ways with different customs and traditions.
• Mysore Palace:-
• It is known for its grand celebrations of Dussehra, which is also known as Mysore Dasara.
• The festival is celebrated for 10 days with a grand procession on the 10^th day, known as Vijayadashami.
• The procession includes an idol of Goddess Chamundeshwari, which is placed on a decorated elephant and taken around the city

The correct answer is Chola.

Key Points

• Chola:-
• The ruler who invaded Malaya to liberate their trade with China was the Chola dynasty.
• The Cholas were a powerful dynasty that ruled over a large part of South India from the 9^th to the 13^th century.
• The Cholas were known for their naval power and trade with Southeast Asia, particularly with China.
• The Cholas invaded Malaya (modern-day Malaysia) in the 11^th century to establish a trade relationship with China, which was being blocked by the Srivijaya empire that controlled the Strait of Malacca.

Additional Information

• Pallava dynasty:-
• The Pallava dynasty ruled over parts of South India from the 3^rd to the 9^th century and were known for their patronage of art and architecture, particularly the rock-cut temples at Mamallapuram.
• Chalukya dynasty:-
• The Chalukya dynasty ruled over parts of South and Central India from the 6^th to the 12^th century and were known for their architectural achievements, particularly the temples at Aihole and Pattadakal.
• Rashtrakuta dynasty:-
• The Rashtrakuta dynasty ruled over parts of Central and Southern India from the 8^th to the 10^th century and were known for their patronage of art and literature, particularly the Jain literature of the Kannada language.

The correct answer is dry Climate.

Key Points​

• Cotton textile industry:-
• The cotton textile industry is one of the oldest and largest industries in India, with a rich history dating back to ancient times.
• India is the second-largest producer of cotton in the world, after China.
• The textile industry in India is concentrated in several regions, including Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh.
• Other factors that have contributed to the growth of the cotton textile industry in India include government policies, technological advancements, and the availability of finance and infrastructure.
• Dry climate is not a factor that has contributed towards localisation of the cotton textile industry in India. In fact, a moderate climate with adequate rainfall is necessary for the growth of cotton.
• Accessible port facilities have been a key factor in the development of the cotton textile industry in India, as they facilitate the export of finished goods and the import of raw materials.
• Availability of labour is also an important factor, as India has a large workforce that is skilled in textile production.
• Availability of raw cotton is another crucial factor, as India is one of the largest producers of cotton in the world.

Calculation

The percentage of teachers in Sanskrit and Hindi = 10 + 10 = 20%

The percentage of teachers in Mathematics and Biology = 20 + 20 = 40%

The ratio = 20:40 = 1:2

The answer is 1:2

Given

The radius of a circle is 8 cm

Concept

Diameter is the largest chord.

Calculation

The length of its largest chord = the length of its diameter = 16

The answer is 16.

Formula used

sin 60° = √3/2

sin 30° = 1/2

sec 30° = 2/√3

Calculation

sin 60° sec 30° + tan 45° cos 0° + sec 60° sin 30°

⇒ √3/2 × 2/√3 + 1 + 2 × 1/2

⇒ 1 + 1 + 1 = 3

The answer is 3.

Concept used

Income = Expenditure + savings

Calculation

Let Rumi's income be 100x

Her savings = 100x × 20/100 = 20x

New income = 100x × 130/100 = 130x

New expenditure = 80x × 140/100 = 112x

New savings = 130x - 112x = 18x

Income decrement = 20x - 18x = 2x

2x → 750

100x → 750 × 50 = 37500

The answer is 37500.

Given:

sinθ .sin 45° = sin 30° 

Calculation:

⇒ sinθ .sin 45° = sin 30° 

⇒ sinθ .1/√2 = 1/2

⇒ sinθ = √2/2 

⇒ sinθ = 1/√2

⇒ sinθ = sin 45°

⇒ θ = 45° 

∴ 2θ = 90° 

The correct answer is 90°

Given : 

Amount = Rs.82000

Time = 2 years

Rate = 6% per annum

Calculation : 

By going through the ratio method,

Rate = 6% = 3/50

⇒ 2809 unit = 82000

⇒ 1 unit = 29.191

Principal amount = 2500 × 29.191 = 72979.70 ~ 72980

∴ The correct answer is Rs.72980.

∴ The ratio of mixtures is 4 : 11.

Alternate Method

Concept Used:

Use the concept of weighted average to determine the ratio in which the mixtures were combined.

Formula Used:

Weighted average formula:$\text{Final percentage} = \frac{a \times \text{percentage of mixture A} + b \times \text{percentage of mixture B}}{a + b}$

Calculation:

Mixture A (original): 35% syrup

Mixture B (replacement): 20% syrup

Final mixture: 24% syrup

Using the weighted average formula:

$0.35 \times (1 - x) + 0.20 \times x = 0.24$

0.35 - 0.35x + 0.20x = 0.24

0.35 - 0.15x = 0.24

0.15x = 0.35 - 0.24

0.15x = 0.11

$x = \frac{0.11}{0.15}$ $x = \frac{11}{15}$

Fraction of mixture A replaced = 11/15

Fraction of mixture A remaining = 1 - 11/15 = 4/15

So, the ratio of mixture A and mixture B = 4/15 : 11/15 = 4 : 11

So, the ratio in which these mixtures were mixed to obtain the new mixture is 4:11.

Given:

In the given figure,

The radius of the circle is 21 cm.

A 22.5° angle at the centre

Concept:

Area of Sector = (angle formed by the arc/360) (area of a circle)

Solution:

Radius of circle = 21 cm

Area of circle = πr² = (π) (21²) cm²

Area of Sector = (angle formed by the arc/360) (area of a circle)

= (22.5/360)(π)(212) cm2 

= 86.6250

The answer is 86.6250

Concept:

Quadratic equation is ax² + bx + c

Discriminant D = b² - 4ac

D = 0 means two real and both are identical roots

Calculation:

Here, 3x2 + 2kx + 3 = 0

Compare with standard form ax2 + bx + c

a = 3, b = 2k, c = 3

Discriminant D = b² – 4ac

⇒ 4k² - 36 = 0

k² = 36/4

k = 3

The answer is 3.

Given: 

The selling price of 34 items is equal to the cost price of 38 items.

Concept used:

Profit% = (SP - CP)/CP × 100

Calculation:

Let the cost price of each item be Rs. Q.

Cost price of 34 items = 34 × Q = Rs. 34Q

Cost price of 38 items = 38 × Q = Rs. 38Q

The selling price of 34 items = Rs. 38Q

Now, profit% = (38Q - 34Q)/34Q × 100

⇒ 4/34 × 100

⇒ 200/17%

⇒ 11(13/17)%

∴ The profit percentage is 11(13/17)%

Given

2x2 - 32

Formula used

a² - b² = (a + b)(a - b)

Calculation

Taking 2 common from the equation,

2(x² - 16)

⇒ 2 (x - 4)(x + 4)

The answer is 2(x - 4)(x + 4).

Concept:

The sum of all the angles of the triangle  = 180^∘ 

Calculation:

Let the side of the square ABCD = a

As per the question, ΔDEC is an equilateral triangle.

⇒ ∠DEC = ∠ECD = ∠CDE = 60^∘   ------ eq (1)

⇒ DC = DE =  CE = AD = CB = AB = a   ------ eq (2)

⇒ ∠ADE = 90^∘  - 60^∘  = 30^∘  (all the angles of the square = 90)

Now, AD = DE, as per eq (2)

So, ΔADE is an isosceles triangle.

⇒ ∠DAE = ∠DEA = (180 - 30)/2 = 75^∘ 

⇒ ∠DAE = 75∘

⇒ Similarly, ∠CBE = 75∘ 

⇒ ∠EAB = ∠EBA = 90^∘  - 75∘ = 15^∘ 

∴ ∠AEB = 180^∘  - (15^∘  + 15^∘ ) = 150^∘ 

Hence, the correct answer is Option 2).

Given: 

x - 1/x = 0.4 

Concept used: 

(a - b)2 = a2 - 2ab + b2

Calculation: 

Squaring both sides,

⇒ x² - 2 + (1/x)² = (0.4)²

⇒ x² + (1/x)² = 0.16 + 2

⇒ x² + (1/x)² = 2.16

The answer is 2.16

Calculation

Let AB be the chord and point P be the midpoint of AB, O is the centre

Given, OB = 5 cm and OA = 13 cm

In ΔOPB

Using Pythagoras theorem

⇒ (OB)² = (OP)² + (PB)²

⇒ 13² = 5² + (PB)²

⇒ PB = √(169 - 25) = 12

As we know, AB = 2 PB

AB = 2 × 12 = 24 cm

The answer is 24 cm

Given

A and B can finish a work in 6 days and 4 days

Formula used

Work = time × efficiency

Calculation

A, alone worked for 2 days.

Work done by A in 2 days = 2/6 = 1/3

Work done by A and B in 1 day = 1/6 + 1/4 = 5/12

Let the number of days worked by both be N.

⇒ 5/12 × N = 1 - 1/3

N = 8/5

Total time = 2 + 8/5 = 18/5 or 3(3/5) days

The answer is 3(3/5) days.

Shortcut Trick

Present ratio of Father and Son is 2 : 1 (Difference = 1 unit).

Ratio after 8.5 years is 7 : 4 (Difference = 3 units).

Multiply present ratio by 3 to equate the difference: (2 × 3) : (1 × 3) = 6 : 3.

Increase in units = 7 − 6 = 1 unit or 4 − 3 = 1 unit.

1 unit = 8.5 years ⇒ Son's present age = 3 units = 3 × 8.5 = 25.5 years.

∴ The correct answer is 25.5 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Present ratio (F : S) = 2 : 1

Future ratio (after 8.5 years) = 7 : 4

Let the present age of the Son be x and Father be 2x.

⇒ (2x + 8.5) ÷ (x + 8.5) = 7 ÷ 4

⇒ 4 × (2x + 8.5) = 7 × (x + 8.5)

⇒ 8x + 34 = 7x + 59.5

⇒ 8x − 7x = 59.5 − 34

⇒ x = 25.5

∴ The correct answer is 25.5 years.

Additional Information

Constant Age Difference

The difference between the ages of two people always remains the same, regardless of how many years pass.

Ratio Balancing Method

When comparing ratios at two different times, ensure the difference between the ratio parts (e.g., F − S) is equal by multiplying by a suitable constant.

Linear Equation Approach

For any time 'n' years hence or ago, the age becomes (x + n) or (x − n) respectively.

Given:

x + 1/x = 5

Formula used:

(a + b)²  = a² + 2ab + b²

(a + b)³  = a³ + 3ab(a + b) + b³

Calculation:

x + 1/x = 5

⇒ x² + 1/x² = 5² – 2

⇒ 23

x³ + 1/x³

⇒ 5³ – 3(5)

⇒ 125 – 15

⇒ 110

x⁵ + 1/x⁵ = (x² + 1/x²)( x³ + 1/x³) – (x + 1/x)

⇒ 23 × 110 – 5

⇒ 2530 – 5

⇒ 2525

∴ x⁵ + 1/x⁵ is 2525.

Given:

The largest six-digit number exactly divisible by 294

Formula used:

Required largest n-digit no. = [(Largest n-digit no.) – (Remainder left when the largest n-digit no. is divided by the provided divisor)].

Calculation:

The largest six-digit number = 999999

Now,

The largest six-digit number divisible by 294 

⇒ (999999/294)

Then, we get remainder = 105

⇒ 294 - 105

⇒ 189

The answer is 189.

Shortcut Trick

Scheme (i): Effective discount = 20 + 10 − (20 × 10 ÷ 100) = 28%.

Scheme (ii): Flat discount = 10%.

Scheme (iii): Discount% = [Free Items ÷ Total Items] × 100 = [4 ÷ (8 + 4)] × 100 = 33.33%.

Scheme (iv): Discount% = [Free Items ÷ Total Items] × 100 = [6 ÷ (9 + 6)] × 100 = 40%.

Comparing all, 40% is the maximum value.

∴ The correct answer is (iv).

Alternate Method

Given → Four different discount schemes based on successive discounts and buy-get-free offers. Formulas: Successive Discount = a + b − (ab ÷ 100) | Buy X Get Y Free Discount% = [Y ÷ (X + Y)] × 100.

⇒ Scheme (i): a = 20, b = 10. Discount = 20 + 10 − (200 ÷ 100) = 30 − 2 = 28%. ⇒ Scheme (ii): Single discount = 10%. ⇒ Scheme (iii): MP of 12 items = 12, CP for customer = MP of 8 items = 8. Discount = (12 − 8) ÷ 12 × 100 = 4/12 × 100 = 33.33%. ⇒ Scheme (iv): MP of 15 items = 15, CP for customer = MP of 9 items = 9. Discount = (15 − 9) ÷ 15 × 100 = 6/15 × 100 = 2/5 × 100 = 40%. ⇒ Maximum Discount: 40% (Scheme iv).

∴ The correct answer is (iv).

Additional Information

Marked Price & Discount

Discount is always calculated on the Marked Price (MP). SP = MP − Discount.

Buy X Get Y Free Concept

In these offers, the total items given to the customer represent the MP, and the free items represent the discount value.

Given:

Dimensions of the metallic rectangular block is 88 cm × 21 cm × 21 cm

Concept used:

Volume of a cuboid = l × b × h

Volume of a sphere = 4/3πr³

Here,

l = length

b = breadth

h = height

r = radius

Calculation:

Let the radius of sphere be r.

According to the question,

88 × 21 × 21 = 4/3 × (22/7) × r³

⇒ (88 × 21 × 21 × 7 × 3)/(22 × 4) = r³

⇒ r3 = 21³

⇒ r = 21

∴ The answer is 21.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Marked Price (MP) to Cost Price (CP) = (100 + Profit%) : (100 − Discount%)

Ratio MP : CP = (100 + 15) : (100 − 20) = 115 : 80 = 23 : 16

Given, CP = 16 units = ₹5,600 ⇒ 1 unit = ₹350

MP = 23 units = 23 × 350 = ₹8,050

∴ The correct answer is ₹8,050.

Alternate Method

Given: Cost Price (CP) = ₹5,600, Profit = 15%, Discount = 20%.

Formula Used: Selling Price (SP) = CP × (1 + Profit/100) and Marked Price (MP) = SP / (1 − Discount/100).

⇒ Selling Price (SP) = 5600 + (15% of 5600)

⇒ SP = 5600 + (15/100 × 5600) = 5600 + 840 = ₹6,440

⇒ Let Marked Price (MP) be M.

⇒ SP = M − (20% of M) = 80% of M

⇒ 6440 = (80/100) × M

⇒ M = (6440 × 100) / 80 = 6440 / 0.8

⇒ M = ₹8,050

Therefore, Option (4) is the correct choice as it matches the calculated Marked Price.

∴ The correct answer is ₹8,050.

Additional Information

Relation between CP and MP

The direct formula is MP/CP = (100 + P%)/(100 − D%). This helps find the markup or CP/MP quickly when both profit and discount percentages are known.

Successive Discount

If two discounts d₁ and d₂ are given, the equivalent single discount is (d₁ + d₂ − (d₁ × d₂)/100)%.

Markup Percentage

Markup % = ((MP − CP) / CP) × 100. It represents how much the price is increased over the cost price before offering a discount.

Calculation

The tuition fee in P = 120

The four times the activity fee in P = 24 × 4 = 96

tuition fee > activity fee

The tuition fee in Q = 60

The four times the activity fee in Q = 12 × 4 = 48

tuition fee > activity fee

The tuition fee in R = 210

The four times the activity fee in R = 45 × 4 = 180

tuition fee > activity fee

The tuition fee in S = 90

The four times the activity fee in S = 24 × 4 = 96

tuition fee < activity fee

The tuition fee in T = 120

The four times the activity fee in T = 30 × 4 = 120

tuition fee = activity fee

The answer is only 1.

Calculation

The number of television sets sold by all the showrooms in the year 2017 = 180 + 274 + 269 + 98 + 370 + 195 = 1386

The number of television sets sold by all the showrooms in the year 2019 = 264 + 107 + 237 + 225 + 282 + 237 = 1352

Difference = 1386 - 1352 = 34

The answer is 34.

Given:

A train running at 26.5 km/h takes 18 s to pass a platform.

Next, it takes 12 s to pass a man walking at 5 km/h in the opposite direction.

Concept used:

Relative speed is the sum of their individual speeds while two bodies are coming from the opposite direction.

1m/s = 18/5 km/h

Time × Speed = Distance

Calculation:

Total distance = 26.5 × 5/18 × 18 = 132.5 m

Hence, the relative speed of the train and the person

⇒ 26.5 + 5 = 31.5 km/hr

Length of train = 31.5 × 5/18 × 12

⇒ 105 m

Thus, the length of the platform = 132.5 - 105 = 27.5 m

∴ The length of the platform is 27.5 m.

Given

In ΔOPQ, right-angled at P, OP = 7 cm and OQ - PQ = 1 cm.

Formula used

sin Q = P/H and cos Q = B/H

Calculation

Since it is a right-angled triangle,

OQ² = OP² + PQ²

⇒ OQ2 - PQ2 = OP2

⇒ (OQ - PQ)(OQ + PQ) = 7²

⇒ (1)(OQ + PQ) = 72

⇒ (OQ + PQ) = 49

OQ = (49 + 1)/2 = 25

PQ = (49 - 1)/2 = 24

sin Q = P/H = 7/25

cos Q = B/H = 24/25

sin Q + cos Q = 7/25 + 24/25 = 31/25

The answer is 31/25

The correct answer is "Dare."

 Key Points

• "Challenge" means to invite somebody to fight, play, argue, etc. against you. (मुक़ाबले की चुनौती देना; ललकारना)
• Example: They’ve challenged us to a football match this Saturday.
• Synonym of Challenge is Dare.
• The word "Dare" means to have enough courage to do something. (साहस करना)
• Example: She dared to climb the highest peak in the region.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information

• Chagrin (Option 2) means distress or embarrassment caused by failure or disappointment. (निराशा या खीज, खिसियाहट, संताप)
• Exert (Option 3) means to put forth effort or energy towards a task. (किसी वस्‍तु को प्रयोग में लाना (जैसे प्रभाव, ताक़त आदि))
• Acceptance (Option 4) means the action of consenting to receive or undertake something offered. (स्‍वीकार करने या स्‍वीकार्य होने की क्रिया)

The correct answer is "Promote."

 Key Points

• "Hamper" means to hinder or impede progress or movement. (अवरुद्घ होना, रुकना)
• Example: The building work was hampered by bad weather.
• "Promote" means to support or encourage the growth or development of something. (किसी बात को प्रोत्‍साहित करना; किसी बात के होने या बढ़ने में सहायता करना)
• Example: We need to promote her activities.
• Therefore, the antonym of hamper is promote.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• Obscure means to make unclear or difficult to understand. (किसी वस्‍तु या प्रसंग को धुँधला या दुर्बोध बना देना)
• Reduce means to make smaller in size or quantity. (मात्रा, क़ीमत, आकार आदि की दृष्टि से घटाना; छोटा करना)
• Hinder means to make it difficult for something to happen or progress. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के लिए कठिनाई पैदा करना, किसी के काम में बाधा डालना)

The correct answer is "broke into."

 Key Points

• The phrasal verb "broke into" means to enter a building or place forcibly or illegally. (किसी भवन या स्थान में जबरन या अवैध रूप से प्रवेश करना)
• Example: Two raiders broke into his home.
• It is the correct option to use in this sentence because Robinhood entered the mansion without permission.
• The correct preposition to use with "broke" in this context is "into", not "to" or "up to."
• The correct answer is Option 3.

Correct sentence: Robinhood broke into the mansion to collect some food and money for the poor.

Additional Information

• Option 1 (broke upto) is grammatically incorrect and does not make sense in this context.
• Option 2 (broke in) is close to the correct answer, but it is missing the preposition "into" which is necessary to convey the meaning of entering forcibly.
• Option 4 (broke to) is incorrect because "to" is not the correct preposition to use with "broke" in this context.

The correct answer is "Dermatology."

 Key Points

• The word 'dermatology' is a noun that refers to the study of skin and its diseases. (चर्म-रोग-विज्ञान, त्‍वचा-विज्ञान)
• Example: His test is usually carried out in dermatology departments in hospitals.
• It comes from the Greek words 'derma' (skin) and 'logia' (study of).
• The field of dermatology includes the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of skin conditions.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

 Additional Information

• Option 2, Cytology, is the study of the structure and function of plant and animal cells. (पौधों और पशुओं की कोशिकाओं का वैज्ञानिक अध्ययन; कोशिका विज्ञान)
• Option 3, Congenital, refers to a condition that is present at birth. ((रोग) जन्‍म से विद्यमान; जन्‍मजात)
• Option 4, Dementia, is a neurological disorder that affects cognitive function. (एक तंत्रिका संबंधी विकार जो संज्ञानात्मक कार्य को प्रभावित करता है)

The correct answer is "extremely nervous or anxious."

 Key Points

• The phrase "sweating bullets" is an idiom that means to be extremely nervous or anxious. (अत्यधिक घबराना या चिंतित होना)
• Example: I was sweating bullets over this interview.
• The speaker is expressing how nervous they were for the job interview.
• The correct answer is Option 2.

Here, the erroneous part is "retain anonimity while."

 Key Points

• The error lies in the spelling of the word "anonimity."
• The correct spelling is "anonymity," not "anonimity."
• The word "anonymity" means the situation where a person’s name is not known. (गुमनामी, अनामता)
• Example: The police have reassured witnesses that they will be guaranteed anonymity.
• The segment should read "retain anonymity while," which means to maintain a state of being anonymous or unidentified.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Correct sentence: It is difficult to retain anonymity while working in the world's most well-known organisation.

The correct answer is "ACBD."

 Key Points

• The sentence talks about the importance of dealing with small events in life.
• The subject of the sentence is "human life", so the first part must be A.
• The next part must be C as it provides the predicate "comparatively unimportant."
• The next part of the sentence starts with B, as it is having "and."
• The sentence uses a complex sentence structure with multiple clauses.
• The next part must be D as it provides the object to the sentence.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Correct sentence: H**uman life consists of a succession of small events each of which is comparatively unimportant, and yet the happiness and success of every man depends upon the manner in which these small events are dealt with.

The correct answer is "Our teachers have planned a picnic."

 Key Points

• The error lies in the part, "Our teachers has planned of going for a picnic."
• The subject "teachers" is plural, so the correct verb form is "have planned."
• The sentence is in the present perfect tense, indicating that the planning has already taken place.
• So, there is no need to use "of going for a picnic."
• The correct answer is option 4.

Correct sentence: Our teachers have planned a picnic to the Doon Valley.

The correct answer is "The cake was kept in the refrigerator by Austin."

 Key Points

• The given sentence is in the Active Voice. As per the given question, we have to change it intothe Passive Voice.
• The structure of the given sentence is as follows:
• Subject + V2 + Object. (Active Voice)
• Subject (objective case)+ was/were + V3 + Object (subjective case). (Passive Voice)
• Example:
• Their cousin showed them some rare photographs. (Active Voice)
• They were shown some rare photographs by their cousin. (Passive Voice)
• The subject of the given sentence is 'Austin'.​​
• The object of the given sentence is 'cake'.
• The subject will be put in place of the object and the object will be put in place of the subject.
• Kept' will be changed into 'was kpet'.
• "Cake" is a singular subject and we must use "was" with it.
• The preposition "by" is used to indicate the doer of the action in the passive voice.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

​

Correct sentence: The cake was kept in the refrigerator by Austin.

The correct answer is "due to his hard work and dedication."

 Key Points

• The error lies in the phrase "due to their hard work and dedication."
• The pronoun "their" is incorrect because it is not clear if the new employee is male or female.
• The correct pronoun to use is "his" because it agrees with the singular noun "employee."
• "Due to" is a correct phrase to indicate the reason for the promotion.
• "His hard work and dedication" is a clear and concise way to express the reason for the promotion.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Correct sentence: The new employee was quickly promoted due to his hard work and dedication.

The correct answer is A, C, D, B.

Key Points

• The paragraph begins with the statement that the nation has made progress in various areas over the last seven decades. So the first sentence must be A.
• It then goes on to say that the biggest challenges of healthcare and education are still not fully achieved, so C must follow A.
• The next sentence talks about the reasons for this, which are partially known and partially speculative. So, D must follow C.
• Finally, the paragraph concludes by suggesting that neglect and insufficient funding for healthcare and education might be contributing factors
• So, the last sentence must be B.
• The correct answer is Option 3.
• Correct sequence:

A. The nation has flourished a lot in many areas during last seven decades.

C. But the biggest ever challenges of healthcare and education are still not achieved in their true sense.

D. Specific reasons are partially known and the rest is speculation about it.

B. The truth is perhaps partial neglect and insignificant place given in the budgetary allocations by the ruling governments

The correct answer is "rejected."

Key Points

• "Adopted" means choose to take up, follow, or use. (अपनाना, अनुसरण करना या उपयोग करना)
• Example: They adopted new rules.
• The antonym of "adopted" is "rejected."
• "Rejected" means to refuse to accept, consider, or use something. (व्‍यकि्त या वस्‍तु को अस्‍वीकार करना (मानने से इनकार करना))
• The sentence suggests that the measures adopted by the IOC and supported by the UN are effective in promoting sustainability and fighting climate change, so the opposite of that would be to reject those measures.
• The correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information

• Option 2 (headed) means to be in charge of or to lead something. (निर्दिष्ट दिशा में आगे बढ़ना)
• Option 3 (established) means to set up or create something. (संस्‍था, व्‍यवस्‍था आदि स्‍थापित करना, निर्धारित करना)
• Option 4 (inducted) means to admit someone formally to a position or organization. (विशेषकर समारोह में किसी को औपचारिक रूप से कोई प्रभावशाली पद देना; विधिवत पद पर बैठाना, भरती करना)

The correct answer is "despicable."

 Key Points

• "Despicable" means deserving to be despised or hated. (निंदनीय, जघन्‍य)
• Example: This is a despicable act of terrorism.
• It is spelled correctly in the given options.
• The sentence implies that Amit thinks the walrus is the most despised creature.
• So, the correct word to fill here is "Despicable."
• The correct answer is Option 2.

Correct sentence: The most despicable creature, as far as Amit is concerned, is a walrus.

Additional Information

• Option 1, "dispecable", is spelled incorrectly. The correct spelling is "Despicable."
• Option 3, 'delibarate', is spelled incorrectly. Correct spelling is "deliberate".
• Option 4, "desietful", is spelled incorrectly and is not a real word.

Here, the erroneous part is "I am."

 Key Points

• The segment "I am" contains a grammatical error.
• The use of "since morning" is correct to indicate the duration of time.
• "Since morning" indicates the duration, so the present perfect continuous tense ("have been walking") is appropriate for describing an action that started in the past and continues into the present.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Correct sentence: I have been walking in the Cross Road Garden since morning.

The correct answer is "No other physiologist of the century was as great as he was."

 Key Points

• The given sentence is in a comparative degree, comparing the greatness of the mentioned physiologist to all other physiologists of the century.
• To convert it to a positive degree, we need to state that the mentioned physiologist was the greatest of all.
• The correct option, Option 4, does this by stating that no other physiologist of the century was as great as he was.
• Option 1 is incorrect as it states that all other physiologists were as great as him, which is not the intended meaning of the sentence.
• Option 2 is the correct positive degree form, but it is not an exact rephrasing of the given sentence, which makes it less suitable than Option 4.
• Option 3 is incorrect as it narrows down the comparison to only the country, while the original sentence compares the mentioned physiologist to all other physiologists of the century.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Correct sentence: No other physiologist of the century was as great as he was.

The correct answer is "define."

Key Points

• "Specify" means to say or name something clearly or in detail. (स्‍पष्‍टता या विस्‍तार से कुछ कहना या किसी का उल्‍लेख करना)
• Example: The fire regulations specify the maximum number of people allowed in.
• The synonym of "specify" is "define."
• "Define" means to state or explain the meaning of something clearly and precisely. (किसी बात का अर्थ स्पष्ट और सटीक रूप से बताना या समझाना)
• Example: We will define the rules afterwards.
• The correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• "Brief" means short or concise. (संक्षिप्‍त या अल्‍पकालिक)
• "Refute" means to prove something wrong or false. ((कथन, सिद्धांत, तर्क आदि) ग़लत साबित करना, खंडन करना)
• "Criticise" means to express disapproval or judgement. (किसी की निंदा या आलोचना करना)