SSC CHSL Previous Paper 59 (Held On: 28 March 2018 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is '2' i.e. error lies in this part of the sentence.

Key Points

In part 2 of the sentence, the usage of 'creation' is incorrect Instead, use 'created'

• Let's understand the sentence→ The subject of the sentence is 'Agriculture' and 'was' is the linking with the linking verb we usually write a subject complement hence 'the key development' is the subject complement.
• 'Whereby' is conjunction hence we know that the conjunction makes a clause and the clause always have its own subject in the given sentence the subject is 'Farming' which is singular in number.
• So, we need a verb that should be in the past tense to follow the parallelism. 'Creation' is a noun hence we don't need a noun here.

So the correct sentence is → Agriculture was the key development, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses nurturing the development of civilisation.

The correct answer is '3' i.e. error lies in part 3 of the sentence.

Key Points

In part 3 of the sentence, the usage of 'to' is incorrect Instead, use 'in'

• According to grammar, 'in the end' means 'finally and eventually' it represents 'time' and gives the reply of 'when'
• Let's see an example-
• In the end, they decided not to go. (When they decided? the reply is 'in the end')
• Hence, 'in the end of the 18th century' is the reply of 'Romanticism originated when?'

So the correct sentence is→ Romanticism was an artistic, literary, musical, cultural, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe in the end of the 18th Century.

The correct answer is 'Eat'

Key Points

• According to grammar, 'could' is a modal auxiliary verb and with this verb, we always use the first form of the verb. Hence, in the given options the first form of the verb is 'eat'
• Let's see an example-
• I could see that something was terribly wrong.

So the correct sentence is→ At the party, none of the people could eat.

The correct answer is 'Adept'

Key Points

The sentence aims to say that Narayan can chant every verse very well.

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Adept→ very skilled; expert
• Adapt→ change; adjust.
• Adopt→ take up; acquire.
• Attain→ achieve; accomplish.
• So according to the meanings of the given words the correct answer is 'Adept'

The correct answer is 'Hidden'

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Arcane→ Understood by a few.
• Familiar→ Well known.
• Hidden→ Put or keep out of sight.
• Known→ Recognized familiar, or within the scope of knowledge.
• Obvious→ Easily perceived or understood clearly.
• So according to the meanings of the given words, the correct answer is 'Hidden'

The correct answer is 'Ascertain'

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Ascertain→ Find out for certain.
• Discover→ Find unexpectedly or during a search.
• Neglect→ Fail to give proper care or attention to.
• Misjudge→ Form an incorrect opinion.
• Overcome→ Succeed in dealing with.
• So according to the meanings of the given words, the correct answer is 'Discover'

The correct answer is 'Common'

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Different→ Not the same as another or each other.
• Common→ Occurring found or done often
• Old-fashioned→ Favoring styles that are no longer current.
• Erratic→ Not even or regular in the pattern.
• Quaint→ Attractively unusual or old-fashioned.
• So according to the meanings of the given words the correct answer is 'Common'

The correct answer is 'Disillusion'

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Captivate →attract and hold the interest and attention of; charm.
• Disillusion→ (cause (someone) to realize that a belief they hold is false; come out of attraction) is an antonym.
• So the correct answer is 'Option 1'

The correct answer is 'PQR'.

Key Points

• First comes P as begins with 'that', indicating that it is a subordinating clause and continues the opening sentence.
• 'Not only.. but also' is a correlative conjunction.
• It is used for stressing that there is something more to be added. 
• Example  - Mary not only studies hard but she also works well.
• Therefore, according to the above points, Q must come before R.
• Hence, Only Option 2, i.e. PQR is a possible answer.

The correct sentence - Some modern anthropologists hold that biological evolution has shaped not only human morphology but also human behaviour.

The correct answer is 'She was seen unlocking the door by the thief.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is in the Active voice. To know whether the sentence is in the active voice or in the passive voice you just see the verb if it is written in the form of 'Be + V₃' then, the sentence is in the passive voice.
• The given sentence is in the active voice hence, the subject of the sentence becomes the object and the object of the sentence becomes the subject in the passive.
• Also, remember that the tense never changes in the passive voice.
• In the given sentence, an object is an indirect object which is 'her' 'unlocking the door' is the object complement.
• So after keeping this in mind the correct passive voice is→ She was seen unlocking the door by the thief.

The correct answer is 'Kabir said that he had seen her at the concert. '

Key Points

• The given sentence is in direct speech.
• While changing the direct speech into indirect speech first check the tense of the sentence. In the given sentence, the tense is 'the past simple'
• We know that the rule is 'the past simple' change into 'the past perfect tense.'
• Also, the usage of pronouns should be according to the subject if in the reported speech the pronoun is used.
• In the given sentence, the pronoun will be used according to the subject which is 'Kabir'
• So the correct Indirect speech is→ Kabir said that he had seen her at the concert.

The correct spelling is Controversial

Key Points

• Controversial means something which is widely disagreed upon by various people.
  

Example: Immigration is a controversial issue in many countries.

• Synonyms: disputed, contended, contentious, at issue, debatable, polemic

The correct answer is 'Depths'

Key Points

• According to grammar, in the given blank we need a noun because before the blank there is a definite article.
• If we look at the options we can see that-
• Deep is an adjective.
• Down is an adverb and preposition
• Under is an adverb and preposition
• So we left with 'Depths' and it is the correct answer.
• Also, Plumb means Measure. What can you measure? It is clear that a noun will be used.

The correct answer is 'to'

Key Points

• According to grammar, we need a preposition in the given blank.
• Let's see the parts of speech-
• So is an adverb
• as is an adverb
• at is a preposition
• We cannot use 'at' in the given blank because after the blank the verb is used hence we know that after the preposition we always use the noun/pronoun/gerund to make a prepositional object.
• So the correct answer is 'to'

The correct answer is 'Political'

Key Points

• According to grammar, in the given blank we need an adjective to qualify a noun which is written after the blank.
• Let's see the options-
• Politics is a noun
• Politically is an adverb.
• Political is an adjective
• Politician is a noun.
• So the correct answer is 'Political' the noun it is going to qualify is 'novels'
• So the correct sentence will be→ most authors of political novels tend to focus

The correct answer is 'through'

Key Points

• The emphasis of large movements is being stated as a medium to understand the medium hence, 'Through' is the correct answer.
• So the correct sentence will be- Through an emphasis on the large movements of history.

Additional Information

Zeitgeist → the defining spirit or mood of a particular period of history as shown by the ideas and beliefs of the time.

The correct answer is 'of'

Key Points

• According to grammar, the preposition 'of' is used to show the relationship between the two entities.
• Let's see an example-
• We had almost reached the end of the street.

So the correct sentence would be- they seek to understand the private moments of sadness and explore the sounds and flavours of a forgotten era.

The correct answer is 'A way of saying that something will never happen.'

Key Points

• The meaning of the given idiom 'When pigs fly' is 'used to say that one thinks that something will never happen'
• Let's see an example-
• ​I guess I can expect you to clean your room when pigs fly?

The correct answer is 'Very expensive'

Key Points

• The meaning of the given idiom 'Cost an arm and a leg' is 'Very expensive'
• Let's see an example-
• But not all of his investments have cost an arm and a leg.

The correct answer is 'Connoisseur'

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Connoisseur *→(an expert judge in the matters of taste)*
• Proselyte*→* a person who has converted from one opinion, religion, or party to another.
• Neophyte*→* a person who is new to a subject or activity; beginner.
• Gremlin*→* an imaginary mischievous sprite (elf or fairy) regarded as responsible for an unexplained mechanical or electronic problem or fault.
• So according to the meanings of the words, the correct answer is 'connoisseur'

The correct answer is 'Diffuse'

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• **Diffuse →**spread out.
• Contemplate→ thinking deeply and at length.
• Scrutinize→ examine or inspect closely and thoroughly.
• Peruse→ read (something), typically in a thorough or careful way.
• So according to the meanings of the given words the correct answer is 'Diffuse'

The correct answer is 'was fluttering'

Key Points

• The given phrase is to be replaced with 'was fluttering'
• According to grammar, the past continuous tense tells us that the action was temporary in the past or was changing or developing. Also, the past continuous tense describes an action in progress at a point of time in the past, i.e. the action began before this point in time and continued after it.
• Let's see an example-
• His symptoms were becoming more pronounced these days. (Changing action.)

So the correct sentence is→ The butterfly was fluttering its wings, trying desperately to disentangle itself from the web of potential death.

The correct answer is 'washing'

Key Points

• The given phrase is to be replaced with 'washing'
• According to grammar, 'like' is a preposition and we know that after the preposition we need a noun/pronoun/gerund hence in the given option there is a gerund i.e. 'washing' which is going to be our answer.
• The subject of the sentence is 'thing' and the verb of the sentence is 'seems'
• Let's see an example-
• To do it with a split dressing room is like fighting with one hand tied behind your back.

So the correct sentence is→ Even a simple thing like washing the hands seems killing.

The correct answer is 'ABC'

Key Points

• Huge is an adjective.
• After an adjective, we need to write a noun and according to the meaning, the correct noun is 'step' after this the last word of sentence A is 'this' hence we need a noun after this too.
• So the correct sequence is 'ABC'

That was a huge step to take, especially in this generation where WhatsApp rules over so many humans.

The correct answer is 'Pretensions'

Key Points

• Pretensions (a claim or assertion of a claim to something).
• Let's see an example-
• We like him for his honesty, his lack of pretension.
• So the correct answer is 'Option 2'

Here, Pattern is such that second term is the number of days the month in the first term have i.e.

July: 31 → July month have total 31 days.

Let’s check all the options.

April: 31 → Here April month does not have 31 days it has 30 days.

June: 30 → Here June month have total 30 days.

September: 31 → Here September month does not have 31 days it has 30 days.

January: 30 → Here January month does not have 30 days it has 31 days.

Hence, June: 30 is the correct alternative.

Here pattern is such that 2^nd number is 7 more than the 1^st number i.e.

109 : 116 → 109 + 7 = 116.

Similarly, 196 : ? → 196 + 7 = 203.

Thus, 203 is the correct alternative.

The pattern here is as follows,

Therefore, KUN is the correct alternative.

In all the pairs, the 1^st word is a place where the 2^nd word is found or 1^st word is meant for 2^nd word i.e.

Hospital - Patient → Hospital is a place for the treatment of patient.

Garage - Car → Garage is a place for the maintaining or repairing cars.

Dispensary - Medicine → Dispensary is a place where Medicines are found or kept for purchase or sale.

But in, Animals - Zoo → Here 1^st word (i.e. Animals) is not a place for keeping 2^nd word (i.e. Zoo) but vice versa is true.

Thus, Animals - Zoo is the odd pair.

Out of the given options, 9 - 29 is odd one because in all other options 2nd term is thrice the 1st term i.e.

5 - 15 → 5 × 3 = 15

7 - 21 → 7 × 3 = 21

11 - 33 → 11 × 3 = 33

But in 9 - 29 → 9 × 3 = 27 which is not equal to 29.

Thus, 9 - 29 is odd one.

Here, it follows a pattern of + 3 between two consecutive characters as shown below:

Hence, GJN is the odd one.

The dictionary sequence is:

Stylish → Subject → Subtle → Suburban → Sudden.

Thus, 1,2,4,5,3 will be the correct sequence.

The relation between the numbers is as follows,

20 + 23 = 43

23 + 43 = 66

43 + 66 = 109

66 + 109 = 175

Hence, the next number is 175.

The pattern is as follows,

Hence, the next term is GXS.

Rohit remembers that his birthday is before 12th December and after 6th December i.e.

Birthday is either on 7^th, 8^th, 9^th, 10^th, or 11^th December.

His wife remembers that Rohit’s birthday is after 7th December i.e.

Birthday is either on 8^th, 9^th, 10^th, or 11^th December.

His son remembers that Rohit’s birthday is before 10th December i.e.

Birthday is either on 8^th or 9^th December.

Hence, Rohit’s birthday is either on 8^th or 9^th December.

Let’s check each option,

1. SON → can be formed from OBSESSION.

2. BOSS → can be formed from OBSESSION.

3. NOSE → can be formed from OBSESSION.

4. BEST → cannot be formed because there is no ‘T’ in OBSESSION.

Hence, BEST can’t be formed from word OBSESSION.

The pattern here is as follows

Hence, UQEMU is the correct alternative.

Calculation:

The given equation is: 10 × 4 ÷ 5 - 6 + 10 = ?

Here '÷' represents '+', '-' represents '×', '+' represents '÷' and '×' represents '-'. So, let’s replace the sign in the above equation.

10 × 4 ÷ 5 - 6 + 10 → 10 - 4 + 5 × 6 ÷ 10 = 13 - 4 = 9

Hence, 9 is the correct alternative.

The given equation is: 25 ÷ 2 × 10 - 4 + 8 = 9

Let’s check each option,

1. × and - → 25 ÷ 2 - 10 x 4 + 8 = -19.5 ≠ 9

2. ÷ and - → 25 - 2 × 10 ÷ 4 + 8 = 28 ≠ 9

3. ÷ and × → 25 x 2 ÷ 10 - 4 + 8 = 9 = 9

4. • and + → 25 ÷ 2 × 10 + 4 - 8 = 121 ≠ 9

Hence, by interchanging ÷ and x the equation will be correct.

The pattern here is as follows, two numbers are given separated by ‘*’. We get the answer by multiplying the two numbers and again multiplying the result by 2 to get the answer.

Let A and B are two numbers such that A*B then

A*B = (A × B) x 2 i.e.

9*8 = (9 × 8) x 2 = 72 × 2 = 144

7*7 = (7 × 7) x 2 = 49 × 2 = 98

7*8 = (7 × 8) x 2 = 56 × 2 = 112

Similarly, 5*1 = (5 × 1) x 2 = 5 × 2 = 10.

Hence, 10 is the correct alternative.

The pattern here is the letter ‘B’ which is to the immediate left of letters ‘A’ is converted to ‘A’ in every step and hence increasing the number of letter ‘A’ in every step i.e.

BBBBBAA, BBBBAAA, BBBAAAA, BBAAAAA, BAAAAAA, AAAAAAA.

Hence, AAAAAAA is the correct alternative.

The diagram below shows the route taken by two cargo ships A and B starting from the same port,

Clearly, we can see that the ship A is 45 + 30 = 75 miles in South direction from ship B.

Consider the following least possible Venn diagram,

Conclusions:

I. Some openings are doors → True (It is definitely true as some opening will always be doors).

II. All doors are openings → True (It is definitely true as all windows are openings).

Hence, both conclusions I and II follow.

Here, rectangle represents Electricians, circle represents Cartoonists, triangle represents Riders and square represents Indians.

Clearly, Indians who are either Cartoonists or Riders is represented by either the intersection of square and triangle or square and circle i.e. DF.

Hence, DF is the correct alternative.

The pattern is as follows,

Hence, the next term is WCK.

The relation between the numbers is as follows,

113 + 15 = 128

128 + 15 = 143

143 + 15 = 158

158 + 15 = 173

173 + 15 = 188

Hence, the missing number is 173.

The pattern followed here is:

1. 17 + 6 = 23 and 23 + 6 = 29

2) 28 + 9 = 37 and 37 + 7 = 44

3. 53 + 18 = 71 and 71 + 18 = 89

4. 38 + 13 = 51 and 51 + 13 = 64

Hence, (9, 44, 28) is the odd one.

The mirror image of the question will be:

Hence, we can say that option 4 is the correct mirror image of the given question.

If we consider face with “ 

 ” as centre and fold its surrounding faces inside, we find that face with “  

 ” and “

 ” are opposite to each other, face with “ 

” and “ 

” are opposite to each other and face with “

 ” and “ 

 ” are opposite to each other.

Here, cube in option 1 of the answer figure cannot be made based on the unfolded cube in the question because face with “ 

 ” and “ 

 ” are opposite to each other which is shown adjacent in option 1.

Hence, Option 1 is the correct alternative.

Let’s check all the options,

1) 42,75,40,76 → MWKQ

2) 97,13,65,98 → SENT

3) 44,75,34,76 → JWMQ

4) 34,89,44,97 → MZJS

Thus, the correct option is 97,13,65,98.

GIVEN:

2/5 × Number – 2/7 × Number = 40

CALCULATION:

Let the number be ‘x’

⇒ (2/5)x – (2/7)x = 40

⇒ (4/35)x = 40

⇒ x = (40 × 35)/4 = 350

∴ The number is 350

Let the number be ‘x’

⇒ (2/3) × (3/4) × (4/9) × (1/60) × 120 × x = (4/9)x

∴ Required percentage = (4/9) × 100 = 44.44%

Laws of Indices:

1. a^m × aⁿ = a^{{m + n}}
2. a^m ÷ aⁿ = a^{{m - n}}
3. (a^m )ⁿ = a^mn
4. (a)^-m = 1/a^m
5. (a)^m/n = ⁿ√a^m
6. (a)⁰ = 1

Calculoation:

5^x + 5^1-x – 6 = 0

⇒ 5^x + 5/5^x – 6 = 0

Let y = 5^x,

⇒ y + 5/y – 6 = 0

⇒ y² – 6y + 5 = 0

⇒ y² – y – 5y + 5 = 0

⇒ y(y – 1) – 5(y – 1) = 0

⇒ (y – 1)(y – 5) = 0

⇒ y = 1, 5

When y = 1, then 5^x = 1 = 5⁰, hence, x = 0

When y = 5, then 5^x = 5 = 5¹, hence, x = 1

Important Points

 ∵ It is mentioned in question that x > 0 so we will not take the value of x that is equal to zero

∴ x = 1

Given:

Perimeter of square = 24 units

Calculation:

Side of square = perimeter/4 = 24/4 = 6 units

When the side is reduced, new side = 6 – 2 = 4 units

∴ Area of square = 4 × 4 = 16 sq. units.

Calculation:

The sides a, b and c of an obtuse triangle are related as,

c²/2 < a² + b² < c²

Let a = x, b = 8 cm and c = 15 cm

⇒ 15²/2 < x² + 8² < 15²

⇒ 112.5 < x² + 64 < 225

⇒ 112.5 – 64 < x² < 225 – 64

⇒ 48.5 < x² < 161

⇒ √48.5 < x < √161

∵ √49 = 7, we can write

∴ 7 < x < √161

Calculation:

The sides a, b and c of an acute triangle are related as,

a² + b² > c², b² + c² > a² and a² + c² > b²

Let a = x, b = 8 cm and c = 15 cm

⇒ x² + 8² > 15²

⇒ x² > 225 – 64

⇒ x² > 161

⇒ x > √161

Also,

⇒ 8² + 15² > x²

⇒ 64 + 225 > x²

⇒ 289 > x²

⇒ 17 > x

∴ The required answer is √161 < x < 17.

Calculation:

Let the three numbers be x, y, z

⇒ x = (100 – 40)% of z = 60% of z = 0.6 z

⇒ y = (100 – 70)% of z = 30% of z = 0.3 z

⇒ x/y = 2

⇒ y = x/2 = 50% of x

∴ The second number is 50% less than the first number

Shortcut TrickRatio of 1st to 2nd no. = (100 - 40) : (100 - 70)

⇒ 60 : 30

⇒ 2 : 1

2nd no. = 1 unit less than 1st one = 1/2 = 50% less

Given:

Sum of two numbers = 248

Difference = 8

Calculation:

Let the numbers be x and y

Sum = x + y = 248       ----(1)

Difference = x – y = 8   ----(2)

Adding eq. (1) and (2), we get,

⇒ 2x = 248 + 8

⇒ x = 256/2 = 128

⇒ y = 128 – 8 = 120

∴ Ratio of numbers = 120 ∶ 128 = 15 ∶ 16

Given:

Investment made by P = Rs. 156000

Investment made by Q = Rs. 117000

Concept used:

If time period of investment is same, then Ratio of their share in total profit = Ratio of their investments

Calculation:

Ratio of their share in total profit = Ratio of their investments

⇒ 156000 ∶ 117000 = 4 ∶ 3

Sum of ratios = 4 + 3 = 7

P’s profit = (4/7) of (Total profit)

∴ Total profit = 12000 × (7/4) = Rs. 21000

Given:

Average of 26 numbers = 37

Calculation:

Let the new number be ‘x’

Sum of 26 numbers = 26 × 37 = 962

When x is added, sum of 27 numbers = 27 × 41 = 1107

⇒ 962 + x = 1107

⇒ x = 1107 – 962 = 145

∴ The new number is 145

Given:

S.I. = 9/49 of Principal

The number of years = Rate of interest per annum

Formula used:

Simple interest = (Principal × Rate × Time)/100

Calculation:

Let Principal = P, Rate = Time = R

⇒ (9/49)P = (P × R × R)/100

⇒ R² = 900/49

⇒ R = √(900/49) = 30/7

∴ The rate of interest is 30/7% p.a.

Given:

Cost price of 20 articles = 5 × Selling price of 4 articles

Calculation:

⇒ 20 × Cost price of 1 article = 5 × 4 × Selling price of 1 article

⇒ Cost price of 1 article = Selling price of 1 article

∴ There is neither any profit nor any loss

Given:

Discounts = 10%

Formula used:

Selling price = Marked price – Discount

Calculation:

⇒ 4050 = (100 – 10)% of (100 – 10)% of Marked price

⇒ 4050 = 0.9 × 0.9 × Marked price

⇒ Marked price = 4050/0.81 = Rs. 5000

At a single discount of 20%,

Selling price = (100 – 20)% of 5000 = 0.8 × 5000

∴ Selling price = Rs. 4000

Calculation:

Considering statement I,

√24 < ∛70

⇒ (24)^1/2 < (70)^1/3

Taking their 6^th power,

⇒ ((24)^1/2)⁶ < ((70)^1/3)⁶

⇒ (24)³ < (70)²

⇒ 13824 < 4900, which is not true

Considering statement II,

√12 < ∜20

⇒ (12)^1/2 < (20)^1/4

Taking their 4^th power,

⇒ ((12)^1/2)⁴ < ((20)^1/4)⁴

⇒ (12)² < (20)¹

⇒ 144 < 20, which is not true

∴ Neither I nor II is true

Given:

No. of days X and Y take to complete a work = 10

No. of days Y and Z take to complete a work = 12

No. of days Z and X take to complete a work = 15

Formula used:

Total work = Efficiency × Time

Calculation:

(1 day work of X) + (1 day work of Y) = 1/10     ----(1)

(1 day work of Y) + (1 day work of Z) = 1/12     ----(2)

(1 day work of Z) + (1 day work of X) = 1/15     ----(3)

Adding (2) and (3), we get,

⇒ (1 day work of X) + (1 day work of Y) + 2(1 day work of Z) = 1/12 + 1/15 = 3/20

Substituting (1), we get,

⇒ 1/10 + 2(1 day work of Z) = 3/20

⇒ 2(1 day work of Z) = 3/20 – 1/10 = 1/20

⇒ 1 day work of Z = 1/(20 × 2) = 1/40

∴ Z will alone do the work in 40 days

Shortcut TrickLet the total work = LCM (10, 12, 15) = 60

Efficiency of X + Y = 60/10 = 6 units/day

Efficiency of Y + Z = 60/12 = 5 units/day

Efficiency of Z + X = 60/15 = 4 units/day

Efficiency of  2(X + Y + Z) = 15 units/day

So,Efficiency of  (X + Y + Z) = 7.5 units/day

Now, Efficiency of Z = 7.5 - 6 = 1.5 units/day

Z alone do the work = 60/1.5 = 40 days

Given:

Distance between = 720 km

Calculation:

Time taken by the train without stoppage = Distance/Speed = 720/45 = 16 hrs.

The train left X at 5:00 p.m., so without any stoppage, it will reach Y at 9:00 a.m.

∵ The train stops for 45 min,

∴ It will reach Y at 9:45 a.m.

No. of leopards in sanctuary E = 50

∴ The least no. of leopards are in sanctuary E

Total no. of leopards in these sanctuaries = 150 + 600 + 600 + 100 + 50 + 150 + 600 = 2250

No. of leopards in sanctuary B = 600

Total no. of leopards = 2250

∴ Central angle of the sector representing the no. of leopards in Sanctuary B = (600/2250) × 360° = 96°

Total no. of leopards = 2250

∴ Total area of sanctuaries = 2250 × 70 = 157500 sq. km = 157.5 (in 1000 sq. km)

Given:

Two parallel sides of trapezium = 5 cm and 7 cm

Formula used:

Area of trapezium = [(sum of parallel sides) × (distance between parallel sides)]/2

Calculation:

⇒ 24 = [(5 + 7) × (distance between parallel sides)]/2

∴ Distance between parallel sides = (24 × 2)/12 = 4 cm

Given:

The interior angle of a regular polygon - the measure of its exterior angle  = 60°

Concept used:

For a regular polygon with n sides,

Interior angle = 180° – 360°/n

Exterior angle = 360°/n

Calculation:

⇒ 180° – 360°/n – 360°/n = 60°

⇒ 120° = 720°/n

⇒ n = 720°/120° = 6

∴ The polygon has 6 sides

Given:

Diameter = 24 cm

Slant height = 16 cm

Concept used:

For a right circular cone with radius ‘r’ and slant height ‘l’,

Total surface area = πr(l + r)

Calculation:

Radius of given cone = 24/2 = 12 cm

∴ Total surface area of given cone = (22/7) × 12 × (12 + 16) = 1056 cm²

Concept used:

Calculation:

tan 45° – 1/√2

⇒ 1 – 1/√2

⇒ (√2 – 1)/√2

Given:

sin U = 4/5

Calculation:

In the given ∆UVW shown below,

sin U = opposite/hypotenuse = VW/UW = 4/5

⇒ VW = 4 units and UW = 5 units

Using Pythagoras theorem,

⇒ UV² = UW² – VW² = 25 – 16 = 9

⇒ UV = √9 = 3 units

∴ cosec W = hypotenuse/opposite = UW/UV = 5/3

• In Microsoft Word, Normal Layout view shows formatting such as line spacing, font, point size, and italics.
• The normal layout is also known as the normal.dotm layout (in recent versions) and opens whenever Microsoft Word is started.
• It includes default customizations and styles which affect the look of the document.

• Henri Kontinen and John Peers defeated Lukasz Kubot and Marcelo Melo in the finals by, 6-4, 6-2, to win the 2017 ATP World Tour Finals Men’s Doubles.
• MotoGP is a motorcycle racing World Championship and Sebastian Vettel is a car racing driver.
• Lewis Hamilton won the 2017 Chinese Grand while Daniel Ricciardo came in 5^th.
• Therefore, only option A is correct.

• Where warm air rises up, the air pressure at that place is lower.
• The density of warm air is less which causes it to rise and this creates an area of low pressure.
• Conversely, the density of cold air is more which causes it to sink thus creating an area of high pressure.

CONCEPT:

• Linear motion: When an object is moving on a straight line then the motion of the object is called linear motion.
• Translational motion: When the object moves from one place to another without any rotation of the object then this type of motion is called translational motion.
• Uniform speed: When the object is moving on a path with constant speed then this type of speed is called uniform speed.
• When an object travels equal distances in equal intervals of time, it moves with uniform speed.
• An example of uniform speed is a car moving on a straight road(linear path) without any change in its velocity.
• Non-uniform speed: When the speed of the object changes with time then it is called non-uniform speed.

EXPLANATION:

• When an object travels equal distances in equal intervals of time, it moves with uniform speed.
• For example, An object falling at terminal velocity experiences the same air resistance as its weight.
• Newton's first law can be used to explain the movement of objects traveling with uniform motion.
• Newton's first law is a body that is at rest or moving at a uniform rate in a straight line will remain in that state until some force is applied to it.

CONCEPT:

• Equation of motion: The mathematical equations used to find the final velocity, displacements, time, etc of a moving object without considering force acting on it are called equations of motion.
• These equations are only valid when the acceleration of the body is constant and they move on a straight line.
• There are three equations of motion:

V = u + at

V2 = u2 + 2 a S

${\text{S}} = {\text{ut}} + \frac{1}{2}{\text{a}}{{\text{t}}^2}$

Where, V = final velocity, u = initial velocity, s = distance traveled by the body under motion, a = acceleration of body under motion, and t = time taken by the body under motion.

EXPLANATION:

Given - Acceleration (a) = 2 m/s², Final velocity (v) = 30 m/s and Initial velocity (u) = 20 m/s

Displacement = s

We know,

⇒ v² - u² = 2as (Equation of Motion)

⇒ s = (v²- u²)/ (2 x a)

⇒ s = (30²-20²) / (2 x 2)

⇒ s = 500 /4

⇒ s = 125 m

• Lok Sabha passed the IIIT-PPP Bill on 20^th July 2017.
• This bill attempts to allow the establishment of 15 IITs (Indian Institute of Technology) on the PPP (Public Private Partnership) model to grant degrees and get a statutory status.
• It also attempts to grant the IITs and NITs (National Institute of Technology) with the Institute of national importance status.

• In August 2017 Essar Oil Limited was acquired by Russia’s Rosneft PJSC for nearly $13 billion.
• Rosneftbought 49% of the stake and another 49% was equally split between Netherlands-based Trafigura Group Pte and United Capital Partners.
• The deal was a way for Essar Oil to reduce its debt and has been termed as the largest foreign investment in India.

• TypbarTCV is the name of the world’s first typhoid vaccine that has received pre-qualification from the World Health Organization.
• This tag makes the Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine eligible for procurement by UN agencies like PAHO, UNICEF and GAVI supported countries.
• The vaccine was developed by Bharat Biotech and received the pre-qualification on January 3, 2018, at Hyderabad, Genome Valley.

• On 26^th September 2017, Rajnath Singh, the Home Minister of India, launched the ‘PENCIL’ portal at the National Conference on Child Labour at Pravasi Bhartiya Kendra, Chanakya Puri, New Delhi.
• PENCIL stands for Portal For Effective Enforcement For No Child Labour.
• This portal is an electronic platform that seeks to achieve a child labour free society as per the National Child Labour Project Scheme started in 1988 by involving the general public, civil services, Centre, State and District Governments.

The correct answer is the smell.

CONCEPT:

• Receptors are the organs or cells which respond to light, heat, or external stimulus and transmit the signal to the sensory nerve.
• The smell receptors known as chemoreceptors are present in the Olfactory Epithelium in the nose.
• Olfactory receptors are located in our noses.
• The olfactory system allows the human body to detect and process smell.
• These are also known as smell receptors and are capable of binding odor molecules.
• Most of the olfactory receptors are found on the superior or external surface of the nasal cavity.
• Olfactory receptors are present in the nose and are responsible for giving rise to the sense of smell.

EXPLANATION:

Olfactory epithelium:

• The olfactory receptors in human beings detect smell.
• Olfactory receptors are proteins that exist as clusters at the back of the nasal cavity and interact with odor molecules thus playing a role in smelling.
• The organ of smell is a yellow-tinged patch of the pseudostratified epithelium (olfactory epithelium) located on the roof of the nasal cavity.
• Air entering the nasal cavity must make a hairpin turn to stimulate olfactory receptors before entering the respiratory passageway
• This is why sniffing, which draws more air superiorly across the olfactory epithelium, intensifies the sense of smell.
• Jacobson's Organ: The proper anatomical name for Jacobson's Organ is the Vomeronasal  Organ. The Vomeronasal Organ is a supplemental olfactory sense organ that m…

• Photosynthesis is the process by which autotrophs take inorganic substances from the outsideand convert them into organic substanceswhich are stored form of energy.
• Plants use light energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into simple sugars which are a source of energy.
• The equation for photosynthesis:

      6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy = C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

• There are three All India Services in India.
• These include the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), the Indian Forest Service (IFS) and the Indian Police Service (IPS) which are all Civil services of India.The officers can be allotted to any department, government or ministry.
• Other services are allotted particular ministries and can only be on deputation in other ministries.

• The above-mentioned government officials are charged salaries from the consolidated fund of India without the approval of the Parliament.
• Consolidated fund is a term that is used to describe the main bank account of the government in many countries.
• According to Article 266 (1) of the Indian Constitution, all the revenues received by the government through loans or direct or indirect taxes flow into the consolidated fund.
• Consolidated Fund includes revenues received by the government as well as the expenses made by it.

Concept:

Chemical Reactions:

• A process in which one or more compounds are formed as products completely different from the reacting substances is known as a chemical reaction.
• There is generally a change in heat, colour, or appearance when a chemical reaction takes place.
• The evolution of gas may also occur.
• A chemical reaction may be reversible or irreversible in nature.

Types of Chemical Reactions-

The basis for different types of reactions is the product formed, the changes that occur, the reactants involved, and so on. Different types of reactions are

• Combustion reaction
• Decomposition reaction
• Neutralization reaction
• Precipitation or Double-Displacement Reaction

Neutralization reaction:

• The reaction of an acid with a base to give salt and water is called a neutralization reaction.
• Example is:

NaOH (strong base) + HCl (strong acid) → ​NaCl + H2O

Oxidation reaction:

• Oxidation Reaction refers to a reaction in which either the addition of Oxygen takes place or the removal of Hydrogen takes place.
• It can also be said as the process of loss of one or more electrons by atoms or ions.
• Example is:

Mg + O2 = Mg2O

Reduction Reaction:

• Reduction Reaction refers to a reaction in which either the addition of Hydrogen takes place or the removal of oxygen takes place.
• In the process of reduction, a chemical species also gains electrons.
• It is the reverse of the oxidation reaction.
• Example is:

H2 + F2 → HF

Exothermic reaction:

• It is a type of reaction where heat or energy is produced.
• For example, in the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen.

N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

Explanation:

A chemical reaction in which a less reactive element is displaced from its compound by a more reactive element is known as a displacement reaction.

• In the given reaction Fe (Less reactive element) of Fe₂O₃ gets displaced by Al (More reactive element).

• The chemical symbol of cobalt is Co.
• Its atomic number is 27 and it comes under group 9 and period 4 of the periodic table.
• A ferromagnetic metal, cobalt is mostly found in the Earth’s crust in combined forms such as alloys.

• The newly elected Prime Minister of Nepal is Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli from the Nepal Communist Party.
• K.P. Sharma Oli is the 38^thPrime Minister of Nepal and assumed office on 15^th February 2018.
• He previously served as the Prime Minister from 12^th October 2015 to 4^th August 2016.

• Mamta Kalia is the author of the book “DukkhamSukkham” which won the Vyas Samman 2017.
• This was Mamta Kalia’s 27^th Vyas Samman award and was selected by a committee headed by author Vishwanath Prasad Tiwari.
• Published in 2009, the book deals with the lower middle-class families, focusing on their relationships and situations in the society.

• In December 2017, Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Culture and Information announced the lifting of its ban on movie theatres which was imposed more than 35 years ago.
• This announcement was made by Dr. Awad bin Saleh Al Awad, the Chairman of Board of Directors of the Audiovisual Media Authority and Minister of Culture and Information.

• Giddha is not an Indian classical dance form.
• It is a folk dance that is performed exclusively by women in the Punjab region of India and Pakistan.
• Indian classical dance forms include those styles which have mythological roots and whose theory and practice can be found in the Natya Shastra (Sanskrit text).
• Classical Dances of India- Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kathakali, Kuchipudi, Mohiniyattam, Odissi, Sattriya, Manipuri are the recognized Indian classical dance forms.

• New Moore Island was a small, uninhabited island located in the Bay of Bengal.
• The island was off the coast of the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta, approximately 2 km from the mouth of the Hariabhanga river.
• Also known as South Talpatti, the island emerged in 1970 after cyclone Bhola.
• It disappeared in 2010 due to rising sea levels.

• The exponent of the Continental Drift Theory is Alfred Wegener.
• This theory states that the continents on Earth have moved relative to each other over geologic time thus appearing as though they have drifted across the ocean bed.
• While the idea was first presented by Abraham Ortelius in 1596, the full, developed theory was given by Alfred Wegener in 1912.

The correct answer is Allahabad.

Key Points

• George Yule became the President of INC in 1888 in the fourth session held at Allahabad.
• He was the first non - Indian to be the President of INC.
• He belonged to the business community. He was the chief of the well-known Andrew Yule and Co. in Calcutta.
• He had also been Sheriff of Calcutta and President of the Indian Chamber of Commerce.
• Yule was widely known in Indian circles for his breadth of outlook, liberal views, and marked sympathy for Indian aspirations.
• Surendranath Banerjee described him as "a hard-headed Scotsman who saw straight into the heart of things, and never hesitated to express himself with the bluntness in which a Scotsman never fails if he wants to show it."

• The Kalachuri dynasty established in the 7^th century, ruled parts of Central India until the 13^th century.
• They were also known as Kalachuris of Tripuri as Tripuri (present-day Tewar, near Jabalpur) was their capital.
• Chedi region (also known as Dahala-mandala) was the core territory of this dynasty.

• The earliest paper currency in India was issued by both private as well as semi-government banks like General Bank of Bengal and Bihar (1773-1775) and Bank of Hindostan (1770-1832).
• In 1861, the Paper Currency Act was enacted by the Government of India which gave the government the sole right to create and issue paper currency.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e Capital Expenditure,

• Investment in public work is known as capital expenditure.
• Public works include infrastructure projects like buildings, equipment, etc.
• In simple terms, the amount spent for repairing, buying, updating, or improving a company’s long-term assets like equipment, business or buildings is known as capital expenditure.