SSC CHSL Previous Paper 56 (Held On: 27 March 2018 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The correctly spelt word is indisposition.

Key Points

• Indisposition refers to the condition that someone is not able to do something because of mild illness or unwillingness.
• ​Example*: An indisposition to cooperate with us will prove to be unfavorable to you.*
• Thus, the correct answer is option 1.

​

Additional Information

• Let's look at the synonym and antonym of indisposition.
• Synonym: illness, sickness, disorder, disease.
• Antonym: Willingness

The correct answer is BAC.

Key Points

The part which comes first in the sequence should suitably follow the preposition on. Part B seems to be appropriate. ‘It was winter, and on that cold day…’ seems logically correct.

The next in sequence is the one that follows the adjective hot. So, part A seems correct to be second in the sequence followed by part C.

It was winter, and on that cold day a hot cup of coffee was what I needed desperately

Thus, the sequence is BAC, making option 4 the correct answer.

The correct answer is "is daunting".

Key Points

• The sentence uses the present tense.
• Also, looking at the structure of the sentence in which the first part uses simple present tense (cook), the next part of the sentence can suitably use the verb in present continuous.
• So, is daunting should be used.
• The correct sentence is- I cook almost every day, but even the thought of producing that quantum of food is daunting for me.

Additional Information

• The structure of the present tense is: Subject+ first form of verb(s,es)
• The subject before the word daunting is ‘the thought of producing’ which is singular. So, is daunting is correct and not are daunting.
• Daunting means difficult to deal with.
• Here, the word 'daunting' is an adjective. It qualifies the noun 'thought'.

The correct answer is : (4) No Improvement

Key Points

• Let us consider a sentence: I have had a meeting with the president.
• This sentence is in the present perfect tense as it talks about a past action that is continuing into the present.
• Here, In this sentence, there are two verbs have and had.
• The first have is auxiliary also known as the helping verb and the second had is the main action verb.
• A sentence may or may not have an auxiliary verb but it’ll "always" have a main or verb.
• Now, when we use the same sentence in past tense it changes to:  I had had a meeting with the president.
• The main verb here is had that’s why we are ending up with "double had'.
• Some more examples will help us to understand this by changing the tenses from present to past:
• I have had a busy week -  I had had a busy week
• She have had some troubles - She had had some troubles
• Now, the first part of the sentence is in the past perfect (had + verb).
• Here, the verb is also had. (That’s why double had).
• The rest of the sentence should also be in the past perfect tense (been is the verb).

Thus, no improvement is required. Option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is "Jinx".

Key PointsLet us look at the meaning of the given words:

• Felicitous – used to describe something as suitable / right because it expresses the desired thought
• Example: His felicitous remark during the interview helped him secure the job.
• Adventitious – happening by chance or by accident
• Example: The adventitious discovery of the antique coin in the attic was a pleasant surprise for the homeowner.
• Jinx – someone or something that brings bad luck
• Example: After losing three games in a row, the superstitious player started to believe he was a jinx for the team.
• Providential – happening exactly when needed
• Example: The providential arrival of the search party saved the lost hikers from a freezing night in the mountains.​

Thus, the word jinx expresses the desired meaning, making option 3 the correct answer.

Additional Information

• It can be used as a noun or a verb.
• Example: I didn’t want to say anything to him – I was afraid I might jinx him. (verb)
• There must be a jinx on our team – four of our best players were injured yesterday. (noun)
• Synonyms: voodoo, spell, damn, bewitch, evil-eye, curse, hex

The correct answer is Graffiti.

Key PointsLet us look into the meaning of the given words:

• Splotch – a large uneven mark or stain
• Example: After the art class, the students' clothes were covered in colorful splotches of paint.
• Smudge – a mark with no particular shape
• Example: Be careful not to smudge the ink before it has a chance to dry.
• Graffiti – words or drawings (especially humorous / funny / rude in nature)  made on walls or doors
• Example: The old brick wall was covered in layers of colorful graffiti, each tag telling a story of its own.
• Streak – a long thin line or mark which is usually different in colour from its surroundings.
• Example: After cleaning the windows, he noticed a streak left by the cleaning solution, marring the otherwise spotless surface.

Thus, the correct answer is option 3, as the word graffiti expresses the desired meaning.

The correct answer is: To drive very fast.

Key Points

• The idiom "pedal to the metal" is often used to describe driving a vehicle at full throttle or with maximum speed.
• It implies pushing the accelerator pedal all the way to the floor ("metal" referring to the floorboard of a car).

Thus, the correct answer is option 3.

Example:  We are going to have to put the pedal to the metal if we want to finish on time.

Additional Information

• Build something big by yourself:
• This option does not express the meaning of the idiom "pedal to the metal." The idiom is related to driving or speed and does not refer to building or creating something.
• Add more protection to an already strong shield:
• This option does not express the meaning of the idiom "pedal to the metal." The idiom is about driving fast and does not involve adding protection to a shield or any form of defensive action.
• Push a person to perform to its extreme:
• This option is somewhat related to the idiom "pedal to the metal." It captures the essence of pushing someone to perform at their maximum or pushing them to their limits. However, it does not specifically convey the notion of speed or driving, which is the primary meaning of the idiom.

The correct answer is In an ironic or insincere way.

Key Points

• 'Tongue in cheek' is an idiom that refers to something that is not serious, not sincere, and is intended to highlight irony in a funny way.
• This idiom can be used:
• As an Adjective:
• Example: Her latest film is a firmly tongue-in-cheek look at the world of advertising.
• Here, 'tongue-in-cheek' is used as the way of how she looked; hence, it is an adjective here.
• As an Adverb: 
• Example: Ramesh claimed then he was speaking tongue-in-cheek.
• Here, 'tongue-in-cheek' is a type of comment; hence, it is a noun here.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

​

Additional Information

• This phrase is a literal reference to the facial expression created when putting the tongue in one's cheek. It also includes a wink to signify that what is being said is not to be taken seriously. The phrase first appeared in print in "The Fair maid of Perth" by Sir Walter Scott in 1928.

Timidity is the lack of confidence and courage. The blank needs a word in a similar context stating that many people are aware of their lack of knowledge of all the features of a language which holds them in a sense of timidity and self-depreciation.

Self-depreciation refers to the feeling in which one feels he/ she is of little worth / value.

Thus, the correct answer is option 4.

Note – Since timidity is noun, the blank uses a noun form of the required word. If the sentence was framed such that we had used timid, then self-depreciated would have been a proper fit : makes them timid and self-depreciated.

The correct answer is within.

Key Points

within: inside (something)

Additional Information

• without: in the absence of
• withheld: refused to give (something that is due to or is desired by another)
• withdrew: removed or taken away (something) from a particular place or position.

The correct answer is Guerrilla

Key Points

• The correctly spelt word is guerrilla.
• It refers to someone who fights as a part of an unofficial army against an official army such as Police.
• Example: The guerrillas threatened to kill the hostages.
• Gorilla refers to a large ape and the spelling is wrong in the given option.

Thus, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is She told me that she liked my smartphone.

Key Points

• In Direct speech, the message is conveyed in the words of the author or concerned person.
• In Indirect speech, the message is conveyed in our words.
• When we convert Direct speech to Indirect speech, we omit the inverted commas.
• The conjunction that is added before introducing the words spoken between quotation marks (“…”).
• We also use conjunction that before reporting the statement within “ - ” marks in our own words.
• The tense of the reported speech in the indirect speech depends upon the tense of the reporting verb in the direct speech. If the reporting verb is in the past tense, the verb in the reported speech undergoes a backshift in tense. Here, 'like' will change into 'liked'.

Thus, applying these fundamental rules, the sentence in the Indirect speech is: She told me that she liked my smartphone.

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Additional Information

• Some notable changes that are made while doing the conversion from Direct to Indirect are:​
• | Simple Present | Simple Past | | --- | --- | | Eats | Ate | | Present Continuous | Past Continous | | Is eating | Was eating | | Present Perfect Continuous | Past Perfect | | Is eating | Was eating | | Simple Past | ​Past Perfect | | Has eaten | Had eaten |

• am changes to was, now changes to then, tomorrow changes to the next day, etc.
• said to me in Direct speech, it changes to told me in the Indirect speech.

The correct answer is - My hobby is disliked by her.

Key Points 

• When the subject performs the action – it is Active Voice.

• ​When the subject is being acted upon by the verb – it is Passive Voice.

• ​Let us look at the structure of the sentence when written in these Voices.

• | Active voice | Passive voice | | --- | --- | | Subject + verb + object | Object + verb + Subject |

• (Subject is someone that works on the object)

• In the given sentence, she is the subject because she is doing an action (disliking). The action is done on the object which is my hobby here. So, the sentence in the question is in its Active Voice.

• ​To change it into passive voice, the sentence should begin with the object ‘My hobby’.

• Verbs are also changed to suit the structure and the tense. Some conversions are :

• | Active Voice | Passive Voice | | --- | --- | | Eats | Is eaten | | Is cleaning | Is being cleaned | | Destroyed | Was destroyed |

• Following these thumb rules, the same sentence in passive voice is: My hobby is disliked by her.
  

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Rules to change active voice to passive voice:

1. The sentence must have objects(transition verb). If there is no object then there must be a question word who asks the object.
2. Object active sentences became the subject of passive sentences.
3. Subject or active sentences into passive sentences that preceded the object word "by"
4. The verb used is verb III (past participle) which preceded by to be.
5. The adjusted sentence structure be tenses.

• Change of pronouns :

• | Active voice | Passive voice | | --- | --- | | I | Me | | We | Us | | You | You | | He | Him | | She | Her | | It | It |

• The form of active voice and passive voice in tenses :

• | Tenses | Active voice | Passive voice | | --- | --- | --- | | Simple Present | Subject+infinitive+object | Subject+to be+ past participle+by+object | | Present Continuous | Subject+to be(is/am/are)+ present participle+object | Subject+to be (is/am/are)+being+past participle+by+object | | Simple Past | Subject+past participle+object | Subject+was/were+past participle+by+object | | Past Continuous | Subject+was/were+being+past participle+by+object | Subject+was/were+being+past participle+by+object | | Past Perfect | Subject+had+past participle+object | Subject+had been+past participle+by+object | | Simple Future | Subject+will+infinitive+object | Subject+will+be+past participle+by+object | | Future Continuous | Subject+wiil be+present participe+object | Subject+wiil be+ing+past participle+by+object | | Past Future | Subject+would+ infinitive+object | Subject+would+be+past participle+by+object |

• Active and Passive voice using modals:

• | Active voice | Passive voice | | --- | --- | | Subject+modal+infinitive+object | Subject+ modal +be+past participle+by+object |

• Change of voice in infinitive verbs:

• | Active voice | Passive voice | | --- | --- | | to+V1 | to+be+V3 |

Important Points

• The following tenses cannot be changed into passive voice:
• Present Perfect Continuous Tense
• Past Perfect Continuous Tense
• Future Perfect Continuous Tense
• Intransitive verb (a verb that does not need an object in a sentence to give complete meaning).

The correct answer is PRQ.

Key Points

• The most suitable word that follows the noun bats could be a verb. Now two parts contain verbs : Part P and Part R.
• ‘Echolocating bats emit sounds…’ makes more sense as compared to ‘Echolocating bats contain both frequency-modulated…’
• Thus**, the first part of the sequence is P.**
• Sounds deal with frequency.
• So, the next part in sequence is part R.
• Q forms the ending of the sentence.
• Echolocating bats emit sounds in patterns that contain both frequency modulated (FM) and constant-frequency (CF) signals.

The correct sequence is PRQ, making option 2 the correct answer.

The correct answer is Liberal.

Key Points

• Bigot- someone who is not tolerant of others having different beliefs.
• Liberal – willing to accept the behaviour and beliefs of others
• Hence both the words are opposite in meaning.

Additional Information

Let us look at the meaning of the other given words:

• Intolerant: not tolerant of views, beliefs, or behaviour that differ from one's own
• Extremist – a person who has beliefs that are generally considered unacceptable
• Racist – a person who shows discrimination against people of other races

The correct answer is Unconventional.

Key Points

• Let's look at the meanings of:
• Orthodox: following accepted or traditional rules/beliefs of a religion or practice
• Example: My father prefers a more orthodox approach to a problem.
• Synonyms: Conventional, Regular, Ceremonial
• Antonyms: Casual, Informal, Freewheeling
• Unconventional: different from what is usual and not based on generally accepted beliefs
• Example: Mark has an unconventional attitude towards his work.
• Synonyms: Heretical, Maverick, Dissident
• Antonyms: Confirming, Orthodox
• Hence, it is clear that both the words have different meanings, except Formal and unconventional is the opposite of Orthodox.

Additional Information

• Let us look at the meaning of the other option:
• Formal – public or official
• Example: My boss threw a formal party at her place last night.

The correct answer is Buzz.

Key Points

• Hearsay: information received from someone that might or might not be true (rumor).
• Buzz:  gossip, rumour, information heard from others which may not be true.
• Hence, both words mean the same thing.

Additional Information

Let us look at the meaning of other words:

• Testimony – a formal written statement that something is true.
• Realise -  become fully aware of (something) as a fact; understand clearly.
• Declare -  formal/public announcement

The correct answer is Fondness

• Penchant- a strong liking for something.
• Fondness – a great liking for something or someone

Thus, the word fondness expresses the desired meaning

Additional Information

Let us look at the meaning of other given options:

• Indifference – lack of interest or concern
• Revulsion – a sense of disgust, feeling that something is unpleasant
• Disgust- a feeling of revulsion or strong disapproval aroused by something unpleasant or offensive.

Important Points

• All the other mentioned options except fondness are antonyms of Penchant.

The correct answer is at.

Key Points

• The right preposition to be used here is at.
• At is a preposition that is used in many cases according to context.
• Here, at is used in the context of being nearby of something.
• Example: The teacher is standing at the blackboard.
• Here, the sentence implies that the teacher is near the board, not on the blackboard.
• Hence, the complete sentence is: With her at the gate, you cannot ignore the issue any further.

​

Additional Information

• Other cases where at can be used are:
• Before names of towns/villages -
• Example: Seema lives at Baroda, a small town in Alwar.
• To indicate the place in which something or somebody is/was/will be -
• Example: In the evening, Hari was at his uncle's house.
• To indicate a point of time - 
• Example: I can repay the amount at any moment.

The correct answer is accountable

• If you are accountable to someone, you are responsible to give explanations or reasons for your actions.
• Among all the options, the word accountable seems to be a proper fit for the blank.
• Also, we should note that the correct preposition that follows it is 'to'.
• Hence the correct sentence is He is accountable to Meera for his actions.

Mistake Points

• Though accountable and liable are used as synonyms, there is a slight difference.
• Liable -  is used for legal responsibility (bound by law)
• Accountable -  is used for personal responsibility (not bound by law).

The correct answer is 1- the error lies in only Part 1.

Key Points

• ‘One’ is singular. So, the verb should also take its singular form.
• Moreover, the sentence is in present tense which implies that the verb following ‘one’ should be in its –s form.
• So, the word hesitate should be replaced by hesitates.

Correct Sentence - One hesitates to offer an interpretation of such an oracular pronouncement as the reader may have his own understanding of it.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

• The sentence is talking in a general sense. It is stating a universal truth.
• So, the present tense should be used.
• The word 'took' should be replaced by 'take' to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• Hence the correct sentence is - We are what our thoughts have made us; so take care about what you think.

Additional Information

This is a very famous saying by Swami Vivekananda who often used to say this in order to guide the youth of his motherland.

The correct answer is 3- the error lies in only Part 3.

Key Points

• The error lies in part 3 of the sentence, making option 3 the correct answer.
• The word anyway means: in spite of something that has been mentioned before.
• Example: It was raining heavily, but we drove to the mall anyway.
• Any means one or some of a thing.
• Example: Do you have any food left?
• The speaker here refers to any work towards saving the environment.
• There is no point to highlight in spite of in the given sentence. So, the use of any way is incorrect.
• Hence, the correct sentence is: We can make donations to NGOs that are engaged in planting trees or in any work towards saving the environment.

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

• The error lies in part 1 of the sentence.
• Then and than are homophones that sound alike but have different meanings.
• Let us understand the difference in the usage of then and than.
• | Than | Then | | --- | --- | | Than is used to make comparisons. | Then is used when we are talking about time (to mean at that time) | | Than can function as a conjunction or preposition (used to indicate comparison) | Then can function as an adjective, adverb, or noun. | | Eg- She is more caring than I am. | Eg- I was at home then. |

• In the given question, the sentence is making a comparison between the problem and the speaker’s reaction to the problem. So, we need to use than and not then.
• Correct Sentence - More than the problem, it’s my reaction to the problem that creates chaos in my life.

​

Additional Information

• Than is most often seen with comparatives and words like "more," "less," and "fewer."
• Eg-  Russia is even more spacious than Canada.  ("More spacious" is comparative.)
• Then can also be used to indicate the next action in order.
• Eg- We went to the mall and then out for dinner.

​

Important Points

• The best way to remember the difference between the two is to associate then with time and order and than with any form of comparison.
• It may also help to note that the word than doesn’t really have a one-word substitute; it’s one of a kind.
• Eg-  Carlos is taller than his brother. (There is no other word that can fill the role of than).
• Eg- I drove to the bank and then went to the store. (Here, the word then can be substituted by subsequently).

​​

Mistake Points ​   

• ​Comparisons involving time tend to attract this error. Remember to use "than" for comparisons, including those involving time.
• ​Winter is later then autumn. (Wrong )
• Winter is later than autumn. (Right)

The logic followed here is:-

As 'Tuesday' comes before 'Wednesday'.

1) 'Sunday' comes before 'Monday'.

2. 'Thursday' comes before 'Friday'.

3. 'Monday' comes before 'Tuesday'.

4. 'Friday' comes before 'Saturday'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Sunday : Monday".

The logic followed here is:-

2nd number comes in 1st position, 3rd number comes in 2nd position and 1st number comes in 3rd position.

In 596 : 965

596 → 965

Similarly,

In 453 : ?

453 → 534

Hence, the correct answer is "534".

The pattern followed here is:-

ZEM is related to XCK as:-

Similarly,

RUX is related to PSV as:-

Hence, the correct answer is "RUX : PSV".

The logic followed here is:-

Mother - Sister, Father - Son, Son - Daughter represents blood relation or family member.

Whereas,

Friend - Sister doesn't represent any blood relation or family member.

As can be seen clearly that Friend - Sister is an odd pair among the given alternatives.

Hence, the correct answer is "Friend - Sister".

The logic followed here is:-

(First number)² = Second number

1) 2 - 4 → (2)² = 4

2) 4 - 16 → (4)² = 16

3) 6 - 36 → (6)² = 36

4) 8 - 66 → (8)² = 64 not 66

As can be seen that 8 - 66 is odd one out from the given alternatives.

Hence, the correct answer is "8 - 66".

The logic followed here is:

1) HNS →

2. MSY →

3. KQW → 

4. DJP → 

Hence, the correct answer is "HNS".

5. Signal
6. Silent
7. Similar
8. Simple
9. Simulate

Hence, the correct answer is ‘54321’.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is ‘2760’.

The logic followed here is:-

Hence, the correct answer is ‘STLH’.

Given:

Age of Rakesh = 36 years

If 12 years ago, Deepak’s age was one-fourth of Rakesh’s age.

12 years ago, age of Rakesh was 24 years.

Therefore,

The age of Deepak 12 years ago was = 1/4^th to that of Rakesh

→ $\frac{1}{4}$ × 24 = 6 years

So,

present age of Deepak = (6 + 12) = 18 years

Then,

After 27 years what will be the age (in years) of Deepak

= 18 + 27 = 45 years.

Hence, the correct answer is ‘45 years'.

‘Until’ cannot be formed using the word ‘Unwarranted’ as there is no ‘L’ in it.

Warn → Unwarranted → can be formed

Ran → Unwarranted → can be formed

Want → Unwarranted → can be formed

Until → Unwarranted → cannot be formed as there is no 'L'

Hence, the correct answer is ‘Until’.

The positional values of the English alphabet is as follows:

The pattern followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "ARTRED".

Given the equation: 3 - 10 + 40 x 80 ÷ 6 =?

On replacing the symbol:

3 + 10 × 40 ÷ 80 - 6 = ?

Now, we using the Bodmas rule

→ 3 + 10 × 40 ÷ 80 - 6 

→ 3 + 5 - 6

→ 8 - 6

→ 2

Hence, the correct answer is "2".

1) Given the equation:- 24 ÷ 8 x 25 + 8 - 3 = 2

After interchanging signs ÷ and - we get:-

24 - 8 x 25 + 8 ÷ 3 = 2

24 - 8 x 25 + 2.66 = 2

24 - 200 + 2.66 ≠  2 

2) Given equation:- 24 ÷ 8 x 25 + 8 - 3 = 2

After interchanging signs x and - we get:-

24 ÷ 8 - 25 + 8 x 3 = 2

3 - 25 + 8 x 3 = 2

3 - 25 + 24 = 2

27 - 25 = 2

2 = 2  

3. Given the equation:- 24 ÷ 8 x 25 + 8 - 3 = 2

After interchanging signs + and ÷ we get:-

24 + 8 x 25 ÷ 8 - 3 = 2

24 + 8 x 3.125 - 3 ≠ 2

4) Given equation:- 24 ÷ 8 x 25 + 8 - 3 = 2

After interchanging signs - and + we get:-

 24 ÷ 8 x 25 - 8 + 3 = 2

3 x 25 - 8 + 3 = 2

75 - 8 + 3 ≠ 2

Hence, the correct answer is "x and -".

The logic/rule followed here is:

80 & 10 = -8 → -(80 ÷ 10) = -8

50 & 2 = -25 → -(50 ÷ 2) = -25

80 & 16 = -5 → -(80 ÷ 16) = -5

Similarly,

20 & 5 → - (20 ÷ 5) = - 4

Hence, the correct answer is "- 4".

Hence, the correct answer is ‘XYXYZXYXY’.

1) X walks 65 m West, then turns left and walks 25 m.

2) Y walks 20 m North, then turns to his right and walks 35 m , then turns South and walks 45 m.

3) Two workers X and Y start walking from the same place So we combine the above two diagrams we get,

Hence, the correct answer is ‘100 m East’.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below:-

Conclusion I: Some wallets are purses → Doesn't follow (No pockets are wallets and all purses are pockets)

Conclusion II: No purses are wallets → Follows (No pockets are wallets and all purses are pockets)

Hence, the correct answer is ‘only conclusion II follows’.

1. Rectangle represents Doctors

2. Circle represents Bikers

3. Triangle represents Trekkers

4. Square represents Football players

From the above figure, The letter HJI represents Doctors who are either Bikers or Football players

Hence, the correct answer is ‘HJI’.

The table shows the place value of the alphabet from A to Z and Z to A.

The logic followed here is:-

Hence, the correct answer is ‘ZWY’.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is ‘27’.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: First number as it is 

Second number = First number × 5 + 1

Third number = First number × 3 + 1

1. (6, 31, 19) → [6, {(6 × 5) + 1}, {6 × 3) + 1}]

2) (9, 46, 29) → [9, {(9 × 5) + 1}, {9 × 3) + 2}]

3. (18, 91, 55) → [18, {(18 × 5) + 1}, {18 × 3) + 1}]

4. (13, 66, 40) → [13, {(13 × 5) + 1}, {13 × 3) + 1}]

Hence, the correct answer is ‘(9, 46, 29)’.

The correct mirror image of given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is 'option 3'.

The arrows indicate the opposite faces of the cube:

1. The face of the dice having + is opposite to that of Circle.

2. The face of the dice having a Dot is opposite to that of four squares.

3. The face of the dice

is opposite to that of the Hexagon

In all the options figure except 4 the opposite faces are adjacent to each other.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 4".

We check all the options:

1. 30,55,32,86 → C, X, D, P

2. 31,87,23,88 → K, R, H, N

3. 33,67,14,85 → H, O, C, R

4) 41,21,96,24 → F, A, Z, E

Hence, the correct answer is ‘41,21,96,24’.

As we know, 64 = 8²

⇒ 1/64 = (1/8)²

∴ The answer is 1/8 = 0.125

Given:

312 + 322 + 332 + 342 + 352 + 362 + 372 + 382 + 39²

Calculation:

Unit digit of given expression

⇒ Unit digit (1² + 2² + 3² + 4² + 5² + 6² + 7² + 8² + 9²)

⇒ Unit digit (1 + 4 + 9 + 6 + 5 + 6 + 9 + 4 + 1)

⇒ Unit digit (45)

∴ Unit digit of given expression = 5

Alternate MethodUnit digit (12 + 22 + 32 + 42 + 52 + 62 + 72 + 82 + 92)

⇒ Unit digit [9(9 + 1)(18 + 1)/6

⇒ Unit digit (3 × 5 × 19)

Unit digit = 5

∴ Unit digit of given expression = 5

Taking, (ab - 1)/b = (cb - 1)/c

⇒ abc - c = cb² - b

⇒ cb² = abc + b - c      ----(1)

Taking, (ab - 1)/b = (ac - 1)/a

⇒ a²b - a = abc - b

⇒ a²b = abc + a - b      ----(2)

Taking, (cb - 1)/c = (ac - 1)/a

⇒ abc - a = ac² - c

⇒ ac² = abc + c - a      ----(3)

∴ a/c + b/a + c/b

= (a²b + b²c + c²a)/abc

Substituting from (1), (2) & (3),

= (abc + a - b + abc + b - c + abc + c - a)/abc

= 3abc/abc

= 3

Let a = b = c be 2, 

Putting the above value in given equation, 

⇒ {(2 × 2) – 1}/2 = {(2 × 2) – 1}/2 = {(2 × 2) – 1}/2

⇒ 3/2 = 3/2 = 3/2

So, a = b = c = 2 satisfy the condition,

Putting in asked equation,

⇒ 2/2 + 2/2 + 2/2 

⇒ 1 + 1 + 1

⇒ 3

∴ The value of asked equation is 3.

Any quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0 is a perfect square if the discriminate (D) is zero, where D = b² - 4ac

Given equation, x + √(3x) + a²/4 = 0

Putting x = y², we get,

⇒ y² + y√3 + a²/4 = 0

In order to be a perfect square,

⇒ D = (√3)² - (4 × 1 × a²/4) = 0

⇒ 3 - a² = 0

⇒ a² = 3

∴ a = √3

The circumcentre of the triangle is the point in the plane of the triangle which is equidistant from the vertices of the triangle

∴ No. of required points = 1

Given:

∠BOC = 120° 

Concept used:

For any triangle, the angle made by any side with the orthocentre of the triangle and the opposite vertex angle are supplementary angles

Calculation:

⇒ ∠BAC + ∠BOC = 180°

⇒ ∠BAC + 120° = 180°

⇒ ∠BAC = 180° - 120°

∴ ∠BAC = 60°

Given, 30% of 40% of X = 240

⇒ 3/10 × 2/5 × X = 240

⇒ X = 240 × 25/3

∴ X = 2000

Given:

A:B = 2 : 3 

B:C = 4 : 5

Calculation:

Let A = 2x & B = 3x

Let B = 4y & C = 5y

⇒ B = 3x = 4y

⇒ y = 3x/4

⇒ C = 5y = 15x/4

⇒ (A + C)/B = (2x + 15x/4)/3x = 23x/12x = 23/12

∴ (A + C) ∶ B = 23 ∶ 12

Alternate MethodA ∶ B = 2 ∶ 3 ∶ 3

B ∶ C = 4 ∶ 4 ∶ 5

A ∶ B ∶ C = 8 ∶ 12 ∶ 15

(A + C) ∶ B = (15 + 8) ∶ 12

⇒ 23 ∶ 12

X invested Rs. 12000 for 4 months

⇒ X’s total capital investment = 12000 × 4 = 48000

Y invested Rs. 9000 for 12 months

⇒ Y’s total capital investment = 9000 × 12 = 108000

Z invested Rs. 18000 for 12 - 4 = 8 months

⇒ Z’s total capital investment = 18000 × 8 = 144000

∵ Ratio of profit share = Ratio of total capital investment

⇒ Ratio of profit share = 48000 ∶ 108000 ∶ 144000 = 4 ∶ 9 ∶ 12

Sum of ratios = 4 + 9 + 12 = 25

Now, total profit = Rs. 12500

∴ Z’s profit share = 12/25 × 12500 = Rs. 6000

GIVEN:

Average of two numbers = 57

FORMULA USED:

Average of two numbers (a, b) = (a + b)/2

CALCULATION:

Let the first number be ‘x’

⇒ Second number = 2x

Now, average = 57

⇒ (x + 2x)/2 = 57

⇒ 3x = 114

⇒ x = 114/3 = 38

∴ The first number is 38

Alternate MethodLet the numbers be a and b.

a ∶ b = 1 ∶ 2

Total of numbers = 2 × 57 = 114

⇒ 3 units = 114

⇒ 1 unit = The first number = 38

Given: 

R = 12%, Time = 2 years

On a sum of Rs. P at R% per annum in n years,

Calculation:

Let the sum be Rs. ‘P’

When compounded annually, CI = P[(1 + R/100)ⁿ - 1]

⇒ CI = P × [(1 + 12/100)² - 1] = 0.2544P

∵ Simple interest = (Principal × Rate × Time)/100

⇒ SI = (P × 12 × 2)/100 = 0.24P

Now,

Difference = CI - SI = Rs. 360

⇒ 0.2544P - 0.24P = 360

⇒ P = 360/0.0144 = Rs. 25000

∴ The sum is Rs. 25000

Alternate MethodThe difference = P(r/100)²

⇒ 360 = P × (12/100) × (12/100)

⇒ P = (360 × 10000)/144

⇒ P = Rs. 25,000

∴ The sum is Rs. 25000

Given:

Let the cost price of the first article be Rs. ‘x’

But, the first article is sold at a profit of 20%,

Calculation:

⇒ Selling price of first article = x + 20% of x = x + x/5 = (6/5)x

Now,

Selling price of second article = Cost price of first article = Rs. x

But, the second article is sold at a loss of 20%,

⇒ (100 - 20)% of Cost price of second article = Selling price

⇒ 80% of Cost price of second article = Selling price

⇒ (4/5) × Cost price of second article = x

⇒ Cost price of second article = (5/4)x

∴ Required ratio = (6x/5) ∶ (5x/4) = 24 ∶ 25

Alternate MethodCP of first article = SP of second article = x

Selling price of first article = x × (120/100) =  6x/5

Cost price of second article = x × (125/100) = 5x/4

⇒ (6x/5) ∶ (5x/4) = 24 ∶ 25

Given:

Marked price is twice of cost price

Profit = 25%

Calculation:

Let the cost price of the shirt be Rs. ‘x’

⇒ Marked price = Rs. 2x

To earn a gain of 25%,

⇒ Selling price = x + 25% of x = 1.25x

Now, Selling price = Marked price - Discount

⇒ Discounted price = 2x - 1.25x = Rs. 0.75x

∴ Discount percentage = 0.75x/2x × 100 = 37.5%

Alternate MethodLet the CP be Rs. 100

MP = Rs. 200 

SP in the case of 25% = 100 + 25 = Rs. 125

Discount = 200 - 25 = Rs. 75

Discount % = (75/200) × 100 = 37.5%

∴ The required percentage is 37.5%.

Considering statement I,

⇒ √64 = 8

⇒ √0.64 = √(64/100) = 8/10 = 0.8

⇒ √0.0064 = √(64/10000) = 8/100 = 0.08

⇒ √64 + √0.64 + √0.0064 = 8 + 0.8 + 0.08 = 8.88

Considering statement II,

⇒ √81 = 9

⇒ √0.81 = √(81/100) = 9/10 = 0.9

⇒ √0.0081 = √(81/10000) = 9/100 = 0.09

⇒ √81 + √0.81 + √0.0081 = 9 + 0.9 + 0.09 = 9.99

∴ Only statement I is true

GIVEN:

Sumit is 28% less efficient than Amit.

Amit can make a wall in 54 days,

CALCULATION:

Amit’s 1 day work = 1/54

∵ Sumit is 28% less efficient than Amit,

⇒ Sumit’s 1 day work = (100 - 28)% of (Amit’s 1 day work)

⇒ Sumit’s 1 day work = 72% of (1/54)

⇒ Sumit’s 1 day work = 18/25 × 1/54

⇒ Sumit’s 1 day work = 1/75

∴ Sumit can complete the same work in 75 days

Alternate MethodLet the efficiency of Amit be 100. 

The efficiency  of Sumit be 100 - 28 = 72.

The ratio of efficiency = 72 ∶ 100 = 18 ∶ 25

The total work = 54 × 25 = 1350

The time required = 1350/18 = 75 days

∴ The required time is 75 days.

Calculation:

Let the usual speed of the train be ‘x’ km/hr.

Time taken to cover 200 km = Distance/Speed = 200/x hrs.

But, when the train left 1 hour left,

Speed of train = (x + 10) km/hr.

⇒ Time taken = Distance/Speed = 200/(x + 10)

⇒ (200/x) - 1 = 200/(x + 10)

⇒ (200 - x)/x = 200/(x + 10)

⇒ (200 - x)(x + 10) = 200x

⇒ 200x + 2000 - x² - 10x = 200x

⇒ x² + 10x - 2000 = 0

⇒ x² + 50x - 40x - 2000 = 0

⇒ x(x + 50) - 40(x + 50) = 0

⇒ (x - 40)(x + 50) = 0

⇒ x = 40, - 50

∵ Speed cannot be negative,

∴ Usual speed of train = 40 km/hr.

Alternate MethodLet the usual speed of the train be x km/hr.

Distance = (X × Y)/(X - Y) [time difference]

⇒ 200 = [x × (x + 10)/10] × 1

⇒ 2000 = x(x + 10)

⇒ 40 × 50 = x × (x + 10)

⇒ 40 × (40 + 10) = x × (x + 10)

x = 40 km/hr

∴ Usual speed of train = 40 km/hr.

The company F has the lowest debt of $250 million, while the second lowest is company D of$500 million

∴ Company D has the second lowest debt

Debt of country A = $600 million

Debt of country F = $250 million

∴ Required ratio = 600 : 250 = 12 : 5

Debt of country A = $600 million

Debt of country B = $800 million

⇒ Difference in debt = 800 - 600 = 200

∴ Debt of country A is lesser than that of country B by = 200/800 × 100 = 25%

Debt of country F = $250 million

Percentage interest = 3%

∴ Interest paid per year = 3% of 250 = 3/100 × 250 = $7.5 million =$7500000

Given:

Length of diagonal = 12 cm

Formula Used:

Diagonal of square = √2 × a 

Area of square = a²

Calculation:

Diagonal of a square = √2 × a 

⇒ 12 = side × √2

⇒ Side of square = 12/√2 = 6√2 cm

⇒ Area of square = (side)² = (6√2)²

∴ The area of square is 72 cm²

Shortcut Trick Area of square = (Diagonal)²/2

⇒ (12)²/2 = 144/2

⇒ 72

∴ The area of square is 72 cm2

Given:

Exterior angle = 72° 

Calculation:

For a regular polygon with n sides,

Measure of exterior angle = 360°/n

⇒ 72° = 360°/n

∴ No. of sides of polygon = 360°/72° = 5

Given:

Diameter = 7 cm 

Height = 6 cm

Calculation:

For a right circular cylinder with radius ‘r’ and height ‘h’,

Curved surface area = 2πrh

Radius of cylinder = 7/2 = 3.5 cm

Height = 6 cm

∴ Curved surface area of given cylinder = 2 × (22/7) × 3.5 × 6 = 132 cm²

Given:

in ∆XYZ, ∠Y = 90° and ∠X = 30°

Calculation:

Sum of angles of a triangle = 180°

⇒∠X + ∠Y + ∠Z = 180°

⇒ 30° + 90° + ∠Z = 180°

⇒ ∠Z = 180° - 120° = 60°

∴ (sin Z + √3) = sin 60° + √3 = √3/2 + √3 = 3√3/2

Given:

∠B = 90° 

AB = 1.4 cm

Calculation:

In the given ∆ABC,

Given, cot A = 7/24

⇒ tan A = 1/cot A = 24/7

As we know, sec A = √(1 + tan² A)

⇒ sec A = √(1 + 576/49) = √(625/49) = 25/7

⇒ cos A = 1/sec A = 7/25

But, cos A = base/hypotenuse

⇒ AB/AC = 7/25

Given, AB = 1.4 cm

∴ AC = 25/7 × 1.4 = 5 cm

The correct answer is which have high growth potential and meets further requirements of the economy.

Key Points Concept:

• Industries are classified in a number of ways.
• They can be primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary depending on the type of raw material used.
• On the basis of size, capital investment, and labour force employed, industries are classified as large, medium, small-scale, and cottage industries.
• On the basis of ownership, industries are categorized as (i) public sector, (ii) private sector, and (iii) joint and cooperative sector.

Explanation:

Sunrise industry:

• "Sunrise Industries” are those industries that are new but are growing at a faster pace and are expected to become important in the future.
• These have high growth potential and meet further requirements of the economy.
• For example - food processing industries, petrochemical industry, space tourism, hydrogen fuel production, etc
• Sunrise industries are also known as ‘Emerging Industries.
• These include Information technology, Wellness, Hospitality, and Knowledge
• 'Sunrise industries' is a colloquial term for a sector or business that is in its infancy, but is growing at a rapid pace.
• A sunrise industry is typically characterized by high growth rates, numerous start-ups, and an abundance of venture capital funding.
• A sunrise industry is often characterized by a high degree of innovation, and its rapid emergence may threaten to push into obsolescence a competing industry sector that is already in decline.

The correct answer is Directorate of Economics and Statistics.

Key Points

• ​Directorate of Economics and Statistics:
• The Directorate of Economics and Statistics was established in the year 1956 as the Principal Statistical Organization in the State to feed the planning needs.
• Apart from this, Statistical cells in various State Government departments are also imparting statistical activities in the respective departments.
• The Director is the nodal authority for all statistical work in the State and coordinates all statistical activities in various departments.
• It also is the final authority in adopting acceptable standards in the collection of data.
• They are required to suggest measures for improvement in the quality of data.
• They are also charged with various other administrative and financial functions but do not promote duplication in the collection and compilation of data.

The correct answer is Troposphere

Key Points

Troposphere

• Thundercloud happens in Troposphere.
• The troposphere is the lowermost layer of the Earth’s atmosphere. It is the place where nearly all sorts of weather conditions take place, except large storms like hurricanes and large thunderstorms.
• It contains 99% of the water vapor in the atmosphere.
• The uneven heating of the regions of the troposphere by the sun causes convection currents, and large-scale patterns of winds that move heat and moisture around the globe.
• The temperature in this layer decreases at the rate of 1°C for every 165m of height.

Additional InformationIonosphere

• The ionosphere is an abundant layer of electrons and ionized atoms and molecules that stretches from about 48 km.
• The ionosphere is a critical link in the chain of Sun-Earth interactions.
• This region is what makes radio communications possible.
• If the radio frequency is between 2 MHz to 30 MHz, then it can be communicated via skywave by ionosphere reflection of a wave toward earth.
• This type of propagation is used by short-wave broadcast services.
• Ionosphere acts as a reflecting surface for this propagation.
• It extends its height from 65 to 400 km above the earth's surface.

Stratosphere

• The atmosphere consists of different layers with varying densities and temperatures.
• The stratosphere is the second-lowest layer of the earth's atmosphere.
• The stratosphere is found above the tropopause and extends up to a height of 50 km.
• The stratosphere of the atmosphere is also called the ozonosphere.
• The ozone layer is found in the stratosphere.
• The stratosphere absorbs ultra-violet radiation and shields life on the earth from intense, and harmful forms of energy.
• Jet airplanes fly through the stratosphere.
• The temperature increases with altitude in the stratosphere.

The correct answer is Godavari.

Key Points

• Godavari is the second longest river after the river Ganga. It originates from Trimbakeshwar, Maharashtra.
• The Godavari river is the largest river system in Peninsular India.
• The Godavari basin extends over the States of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha in addition to smaller parts in Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, and Puducherry (Yanam).
• The other names for the Godavari River are The Vriddh (Old) Ganga or the Dakshin (South) Ganga.
• Godavari river drains into the Bay of Bengal.
• Godavari river originates from Bramhagiri mountains at Trimbakeshwar.
• Tributaries: Pravara, Purna, Manjira, Penganga, Wardha, Wainganga, Pranhita (combined flow of Wainganga, Penganga, Wardha), Indravati, Maner, and the Sabri.
• The longest tributary- The Manjira
• The largest tributary- The Pranhita
• Amarkantak is a place situated in Madhya Pradesh where the rivers Narmada, Johila, and Son emerge. It is also the place where the Satpura and Vindhya ranges meet the Maikal Hills. River Tawa is one of the tributaries of the river Narmada.

Additional InformationNarmada

• The Narmada River flows through various states and finally drains into the Gulf of Khambhat in the Arabian Sea.
• The Source of the Narmada is Narmada Kund which is located at Amarkantak in Anuppur District.
• Narmada River is the third-longest river that flows entirely within India after the Godavari and the Krishna.
• The length of the Narmada River is 1312 km with a coverage area of 98,796 sq. km.
• Narmada River has numerous waterfalls, mainly the Dhuandhar Falls in Jabalpur district.
• The Tawa River is the biggest tributary of the Narmada River other than Sher, Shakkar, and Dudhi.
• It is one of only three major rivers in peninsular India that run from east to west, along with the Tapti River and the Mahi River.
• The major Hydro Power Project in the basin is Indira Sagar, Sardar Sarovar, Omkareshwar, Bargi & Maheshwar.

Tawa

• The Tawa River is a tributary of the Narmada River of Central India.
• The Tawa is the Narmada's largest tributary, at 172 km.
• It rises in the Satpura Range of Betul and flowing north and west, joins the Narmada at the village of Bandra Bhan in the Hoshangabad District.
• In 1958, construction began on Tawa Dam, which was completed in 1978 in Tawa Nagar to create Tawa Reservoir in the southern Hoshangabad District.

Son

• Son River is a perennial river located in central India.
• It originates near Amarkantak Hill in the Gaurela-Pendra-Marwahi district of Chhattisgarh and finally merges with the Ganges River near Patna in Bihar.
• Sone river is the second-largest southern tributary of the Ganges' after the Yamuna River.

The correct answer is Mahipala.

Key Points

• Al-Masudi
• Al Masudi an Arab explorer from Baghdad, gave an account of the reversal of ocean currents and the monsoon winds over the north Indian plain.
• Al-Masudi was an Arab historian, geographer, and traveler. He is sometimes referred to as the "Herodotus of the Arabs".
• Mahipala
• Pala Dynasty ruled Bengal and Bihar for about four centuries from the middle of the 8th century AD.
• After the death of Devapala ended the period of ascendancy and a period of stagnation followed which gradually led to decline and disintegration until Mahipala rejuvenated the rule of the dynasty.
• Mahipala is called second founder as he was able to  recover the lost territories of his predecessors and checked the disintegration of the empire.

Additional Information

• Mahendra Pal
• Mahendra Pala: Mahendrapal was the fourth king of the Pala dynasty of the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent. He was the son of Devpala.
• Mihir bhoj
• Mihira Bhoja was a ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty in the Indian subcontinent.
• Mihirbhoja was popularly called Bhoja I.
• He was the 6th ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty.
• He ruled the dynasty between 836 CE –  885 CE.
• He is the son of Ramabhadra.
• Mihirbhoja was a devotee of Lord Vishnu.

The correct answer is Shyamji Krishna Varma

Key Points

• Shyamji Krishna Varma was the founder of the India Home Rule Society, an organization founded in 1905 in London to promote the cause of self-rule in British India.
• He then established India House in Highgate (at 65 Cromwell Avenue) in the same year (July 1905), as a hostel for Indian students, which became a meeting place for Indian revolutionaries in London.
• After Krishna Varma's shift to Paris in 1907, the society gave way to the secret nationalist society of Abhinav Bharat Mandal which was founded by V. D. Savarkar.
• Many prominent Indian nationalists such as S.R. Rana, Dadabhai Naoroji, and Bhikaji Cama supported the organization.
• Shyamji Krishna Varma was an Indian patriot, a revolutionary fighter, journalist, and lawyer.

Additional InformationAnnie Besant

• She was a social reformer, theosophist, and Indian independence leader.
• Annie Besant was born in Britain and arrived in India in 1893
• Annie Besant was the second President of The Theosophical Society from 1907 to 1933.
• She was elected President of the Indian National Congress at the Calcutta session in 1917.
• She started the Young Men’s Indian Association in 1914.
• Annie Besant launched the Home Rule League in September 1916 at Madras.

Lala Hardayal

• ​He was an Indian nationalist and revolutionary freedom fighter.
• He was awarded a scholarship from Oxford University in 1905 and moved to London where in a letter to 'The Indian Sociologist' he depicted his anarchist ideas. He gave up his scholarship and returned to India in 1908. In 1909, he went to Paris and became editor of the Vande Mataram.
• Other places visited by him were Algeria, Martinique, Boston, and California.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak

• He was born on 23rd July 1856 in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra.
• Tilak joined Congress in 1890.
• He was opposed to moderate ways and views and had a more radical and aggressive stance against British rule.
• He was one of the first advocates of Swaraj or self-rule. He gave the slogan, “Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it.”
• Along with Bipin Chandra Pal and Lala Lajpat Rai, he was called the ‘Lal-Bal-Pal’ trio of extremist leaders.

The correct answer is Michelangelo

Key Points

• The world-famous painting 'The Last Judgment' was realized and designed by the painter Michelangelo between 1533 and 1541.
• The painting depicts the second coming of Jesus Christ and the eternal and final judgment by the God of all humanity. It consists of over 300 figures, all nearly being angels and males
• Michelangelo is an Italian Renaissance painter.
• Michelangelo was the first Western artist whose biography was published while he was alive.
• Notable works: Pieta, David, Moses, Sistine Chapel ceiling.

The correct answer is ASEAN.

Key Points

• India celebrated its 25^th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties in 2018 with ASEAN.
• ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) comprises 10 member countries, namely- Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, Brunei, and Laos.
• It is headquartered in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Additional Information

• SAARC
• SAARC's secretariat is based in Kathmandu, Nepal.
• The organization promotes the development of regional and economic integration.
• The SAARC is the regional intergovernmental organization and geopolitical union of states in South Asia.
• The SAARC stands for South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation.
• Members of SAARC are the following:-
• Afghanistan, Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.
• World Bank
• The headquarters of the World Bank is in Washington D.C. of the United States of America(USA).
• It has a total membership of 189 countries.
• It was established in the year 1945.​
• ​The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects.
• It comprises two institutions: the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), and the International Development Association(IDA).
• WEF
• The World Economic Forum (WEF) is the International Organization for Public-Private Cooperation.
• It was established on 24th January 1971 as a not-for-profit foundation and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
• The WEF was founded by Klaus Schwab, a business professor at the University of Geneva.

The correct answer is Priyanka Chopra

Key Points

• Priyanka Chopra was the recipient of the 2017 Mother Teresa Memorial Award for Social Justice for lending her contribution and support towards social causes.
• The award was collected by her mother Dr. Madhu Chopra on her behalf.
• The memoir titled ‘Unfinished’ is written by Bollywood actress Priyanka Chopra Jonas.
• Priyanka Chopra won the Miss World Pageant in 2000.

Important PointsMother Teresa Memorial Award

• Mother Teresa Memorial Award for Social Justice was instituted by Harmony Foundation in 2005.
• Harmony Foundation is an NGO that works in the realm of Social Justice.
• The Mother Teresa Memorial Awards are given in honor of Mother Teresa.
• The aim is to encourage the socialist for justice and peace.

The correct answer is Jackfruit.

Key Points

• The national fruit of Bangladesh is the jackfruit.
• The climate of Bangladesh adds to the nutritional value of the jackfruit and is perfect for its cultivation.
• Jackfruit in Bangladesh is viewed as delicious, sweet, tasty, and juicy, and many Bangladeshis use Jackfruit in their curries and other cuisines.
• It is made into a variety of different products, such as canned fruit, dried fruit, and pulp.
• A typical Jackfruit Tree can bear an average of 150 pieces of fruit each year, although some of the more exotic jackfruit tree species are known to produce as many as 250 to 500 pieces.
• For many consumers, the Tree’s nutritional value rests in its seeds as Jackfruit seeds are extremely high in Vitamin B1 and Vitamin B2.
• The seeds also have very high starch content but are quite low in the presence of iron and calcium.
• Each fruit can contain between 100 to 500 seeds, which are oily to the touch.
• With so many uses, low cost, and high nutritional value, it is no surprise that jackfruit is the national fruit of Bangladesh.

Important Points

• Mango is the national fruit of India

The correct answer is Both compounds and elements are pure substances.

Explanation:

Matter can be classified into two categories:-

• Pure substances - A pure substance does not have any other substance or impurity present and cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by physical processes. 
• It has a definite set of properties such as boiling point, melting point, density, etc.
• A pure substance is composed of one type of atom or molecule.
• Ice, iron, hydrochloric acid, calcium oxide, and mercury are pure substances as they have definite compositions.
• Pure substances are classified into two categories:-
• Elements- A pure substance with only one kind of atom and cannot be broken into two or simpler substances by physical or chemical means is an element.
• Compounds- A pure substance composed of two or more elements and chemically combined in a fixed proportion is called a compound.

The correct answer is ​Both magnetic and electric fields.

Electrons can be deflected by Both magnetic and electric fields.

Key Points

• The force produced by the electric field is independent of the electron's speed or direction, and it is proportional to and in the direction of the field.
• The magnetic field's force is proportional to the field, at a right angle to it, and proportionate to the electron's velocity, also at a right angle to it.
• In the end, this means that an electron's path in a uniform electric field is a parabola and its path in a uniform magnetic field is a helix.

Additional Information

• Electric Field:
• An electric field is a physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles and acts as an attractor or repellent to all other charged particles in the vicinity.
• Magnetic Field:
• The magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials is described by a magnetic field, which is a vector field.

The correct answer is 3.

Key Points

• There are three levels of government in India, which are the
• Central government,
• The State government, and
• The local bodies (Panchayats and Municipal Corporation).
• In order to manage the administration of the country easily, the powers are distributed amongst these three levels of the government.
• It is unlike other countries where only two exist. We know that India is too big and diverse that it can't be handled by just two levels.
• And the other motive to introduce the third level was to make the feelings of democracy and political participation reach at the root levels (villages and small towns) of the nation.

The correct answer is Zila Parishad.

Key Points

• The Zila Parishad, with the help of the Panchayat Samitis, regulates the money distribution among all the Gram Panchayats.
• It is also responsible for making developmental plans at the district level.
• Gram Sabha is a primary and permanent body of the Panchayati Raj System.
• People of the village use this forum to discuss their issues and make need-based plans for the village.

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Additional Information

• Gram Sabha 
• ​A group called the Gram Sabha is made up of everyone whose name appears on the village-level Panchayat electoral rolls. The Indian Constitution's Article 243(b) defines the phrase.
• According to the Constitution, Gram Sabha carries out any duties and wields any authority granted by a State's legislature at the local level. To aid in the Panchayat's development plans and programmes' implementation.
• Secretary of Gram Panchayat
• In India, there is a Panchayat Secretary for each village.
• The Gram Sabha will be in charge of the Secretary, and he will carry out any tasks that are given to him by the Gram Sabha. All obligations imposed by the Panchayat Raj Act are the responsibility of the Gram Panchayat Secretary.
• Sarpanch
• The Gram Panchayat is made up of the Ward Panch and the Sarpanch.
• A Sarpanch, who serves as the Panchayat President, is further chosen by all of the Gram Sabha members.
• Five years are up for election for the Gram Panchayat.
• The Secretary of the Gram Sabha also serves as the Secretary of the Gram Panchayat.

The Correct answer is Regeneration.

Explanation:

• Regeneration is a process of growth, restoration, and renewal that makes ecosystems, organisms, and cells resilient to events or natural fluctuations that cause damage or disturbance.
• Budding is a kind of asexual reproduction through which a new organism develops from a bud or an outgrowth.
• Vegetative propagation is a form of asexual reproduction during which a new plant grows from a fragment of the parent plant.
• Spore formation is a form of asexual reproduction which is found in bacteria, fungi, and other non-flowering plants. Hundreds of tiny spores are produced by the parent which can grow into new offspring.

The Corre answer is Differentiation.

Explanation:

Differentiation

• A permanent tissue is made up of mature, living, or dead cells divided from meristematic tissues.
• In plants, meristematic tissue loses its ability to divide. After they take up a specific role.
• This process of taking up a permanent shape, size, and function of a meristematic tissue into a permanent tissue is called differentiation.
• The differentiation process causes the development of various types of permanent tissues
• Differentiation is the process in which cells of the root and the shoot apical meristems and the cambium mature to perform specific functions. In this process, lots of structural changes occur within the plant cell.
• For instance, The protoplasm is lost during the formation of tracheary elements.
• There are two types of Differentiation processes:
• Dedifferentiation process:
• In this process, the cells that have lost the capability to divide regain their dividing property under certain conditions.
• For instance, the formation of meristems from fully differentiated parenchymal cells. Dedifferentiation of normal cells in the human body leads to the formation of tumour cells.
• Redifferentiation process:
• Process in which differentiated cells that have lost their ability to divide are reformed from dedifferentiated cells and have the ability to perform specific functions.
• Demarcation is the action of fixing the limits of something.
• Simplification: is the process by which things are made less complicated so that they can be either done or understood

The correct answer is Rs. 3300 crore.

Key Points

• Project ‘SANKALP’ has received loan support of Rs. 3300 crores from the World Bank.
• SANKALP- Skills Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Promotion, was a project launched by the government of India in 2017.
• The objective of the project is to increase access to market-relevant and quality training for the workforce and to enhance institutional mechanisms for skills development.

The correct answer is Digital ingestion tracking.

Key Points

• Abilify MyCite is the first drug in the United States of America to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration with a digital ingestion tracking system.
• The product is approved for the treatment of schizophrenia and for use as an add-on treatment for depression in adults.​
• It is fitted with a tiny ingestible sensor which communicates with a patch worn by the patient.
• This patch then sends medication data to a smartphone app used by the patient.

The correct answer is Municipal Corporation of Pune.

Key Points

• In June 2017, the Municipal Corporation of Pune became the first local body in the country to issue ‘municipal bonds’ in nearly one and a half decades.
• It raised Rs 200 crores from BSE bonds on June 19, 2017.