SSC CGL 2022 Tier-I Official Paper (Held On : 03 Dec 2022 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

The position of the English alphabet series is given below:

Hence, the correct answer is "OQP".

The pattern followed here is:

1. Middle figure is rotated 90º clockwise direction in the next figure.

2. Letters are shifted to one place in the first figures A & B are given then C is eliminated, in the second figures D & E are given then F is eliminated, in the third figures G & H are given then I is eliminated, in last figure, K & J are given then L is eliminated.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The pattern followed here is:

All the given words are arranged as per dictionary order.

4. Verse
5. Versicolour
6. Version
7. Verso
8. Versus

So, the word Versus has come at the 'Fifth' position.

Hence, the correct answer is "Versus".

The pattern followed here is:

The equation is solved with the help of the BODMAS Rule:

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) -, ÷, ×, = 

⇒ 23 - 2 ÷ 2 × 5 = 18

⇒ 23 - 1 × 5 = 18

⇒ 23 - 5 = 18

⇒ 18 = 18

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 2) -, ÷, +, =

⇒ 23 - 2 ÷ 2 + 5 = 18

⇒ 23 - 1 + 5 = 18

⇒ 28 - 1 = 18

⇒ 27 ≠ 18

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) -, ÷, =, +

⇒ 23 - 2 ÷ 2 = 5 + 18

⇒ 23 - 1 = 5 + 18

⇒ 22 ≠ 23

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) -, ×, ÷, = 

⇒ 23 - 2 × 2 ÷ 5 = 18

⇒ 23 - 2 × 0.4 = 18

⇒ 23 - 0.8 = 18

⇒ 22.2 ≠ 18

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The pattern followed here is:

Given:

   

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The pattern followed here is:

1. EACH : AEHC

And,

2. GAME : AGEM

Similarly,

3. IDOL : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "DILO".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic:

First letter + 7 = Third letter

Second letter + 5 = Fourth letter

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) ANHS

Option 2) JEQJ

Option 3) JPRT

Option 4) PYWD

Hence, the correct answer is "JPRT".

The pattern followed here is:

Interchanging the given two signs and numbers the following equation will be correct.

Given:- × and +, 6 and 4

Option 1) 3 × 9 – 4 ÷ 2 + 6 = 8

After interchanging the signs and numbers we get the:

⇒ 3 + 9 – 6 ÷ 2 × 4 = 8

⇒ 3 + 9 - 3 × 4 = 8

⇒ 3 + 9 - 12 = 8

⇒ 12 - 12 = 8

⇒ 0 ≠ 8

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) 8 × 6 + 4 ÷ 2 – 5 = –5

After interchanging the signs and numbers we get the:

⇒ 8 + 4 × 6 ÷ 2 – 5 = –5

⇒ 8 + 4 × 3 - 5 = -5

⇒ 8 + 12 - 5 = -5

⇒ 20 - 5 = -5

⇒ 15 ≠ -5

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) 8 – 3 × 6 + 4 ÷ 1 = 18

After interchanging the signs and numbers we get the:

⇒ 8 – 3 + 4 × 6 ÷ 1 = 18

⇒ 8 - 3 + 4 × 6 = 18

⇒ 8 - 3 + 24 = 18

⇒ 32 - 3 = 18

⇒ 29 ≠ 18

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) 7 × 6 – 4 + 9 ÷ 3 = –7

After interchanging the signs and numbers we get the:

⇒ 7 + 4 – 6 × 9 ÷ 3 = –7 

⇒ 7 + 4 - 6 × 3 = -7

⇒ 7 + 4 - 18 = -7

⇒ 11 - 18 = -7

⇒ -7 = -7

⇒ LHS = RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: (First number + Third number) × 2 = Second number.

1. (26, 120, 34)

⇒ (26 + 34) × 2

⇒ 60 × 2 = 120

And,

2. (14, 110, 41)

⇒ (14 + 41) × 2

⇒ 55 × 2 = 110

Similarly,

3. (36, 106, 17)

⇒ (36 + 17) × 2

⇒ 53 × 2 = 106

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The position of the English alphabet series is given below:

'LAPTOP' is written as ‘JYNRMN’ 

And,

‘COLD’ is written as ‘AMJB’

Similarly,

'SKETCHPEN' be written as '?'

Hence, the correct answer is "QICRAFNCL".

The pattern followed here is:

The least possible Venn diagram is shown according to the given information.

Statements:

I. All pencil are pen.

II. Some pen are rubber.

Conclusion:

I. All rubber are pencil → Does not follow. [As all pencils are pens and some pens are rubber. So all rubber are pencil is possible but not definite followed.]

II. Some pen are not pencil → Does not follow. [As all pencils are pens and some pens are rubber. So, this conclusion is possible but not definitely followed. So Some pen are not pencil is not followed.]

III. Some rubber are not pen →  Does not follow. [As all pencils are pens and some pens are rubber. . So, this conclusion is possible but not definitely followed.  So some rubber are not pen is not followed.]

So, Neither conclusion follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The pattern followed here is:

We are taking Figures (1) & (2).

Here, 2 and 3 are common in both the dice and 6 is opposite to 4.

We are taking Figures (2) & (3).

Here, 4 and 2 are common in both the dice and 3 is opposite to 1.

So, opposite pairs are:

⇒ 6 → 4

⇒ 3 → 1

⇒ 5 → 2

Clearly, 1 is the opposite to 3.

Hence, the correct answer is "1".

The pattern followed here is:

Given: 26, 54, 110, 222, ?, 894

Hence, the correct answer is "446".

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Given: 

‘X - Y’ means ‘X is the Mother of Y’.

‘X × Y’ means ‘X is the Father of Y’.

‘X ÷ Y’ means ‘X is the Sister of Y’.

 

Find:- expression shows that Q is the son of P?

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) P – Q ÷ R

Here, Q is the Daughter of P. (Incorrect)

Option 2) P – Q × R

Here, Q is the Son of P. (Correct)

Option 3) Q – P × R

Here, Q is the mother of P. (Incorrect)

Option 4) R × Q – P

Here, Q is the mother of P. (Incorrect)

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Given: 

‘A # B’ means ‘A is the Brother of B’.

‘A @ B’ means ‘A is the Daughter of B’.

‘A & B’ means ‘A is the Husband of B’.

'A % B' means 'A is the Wife of B'

 

Given:- G % M # L @ P & C @ B

Clearly, L is the grand daughter of B.

Hence, the correct answer is "Grand daughter".

The position of the English alphabet series is given below:

Logic:

Step 1: Opposite positional letters are written.

Step 2: Addition of +1 in opposite positional letters.

1) 'INNER’ is written as 'SNNWJ'

And,

2) 'GLASS' is written as 'UPAII'

Similarly,

'MODEL' be written as '?'

Hence, the correct answer is "OMXWP".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: (First number ÷ 5) × 8 = Second number.

1. 30 : 48

⇒ (30 ÷ 5) × 8

⇒ 6 × 8 = 48

And,

2. 45 : 72

⇒ (45 ÷ 5) × 8

⇒ 9 × 8 = 72

Similarly,

3. 60 : ?

⇒ (60 ÷ 5) × 8

⇒ 12 × 8 = 96

Hence, the correct answer is "96".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: The first word is a synonym of the second word.

1. Acquired: Received → The meaning of Acquired and Received is to obtain something or to get accept something that somebody sends or gives to you.

Similarly,

2. Short: Small → The meaning of Short and Small is something not measuring much from one end to another end or less than the average height.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Additional Information1) Bitter : Sweet → Bitter and Sweet both are antonyms of each other. 

2. Collected: Distributed → Collected and Distributed are antonyms of each other.

3. Arrival: Departure → Arrival and Departure are antonyms of each other.

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: (First number)² - 10 = Second number.

Let's check each option one by one. 

Option 1) 13 — 159

⇒ (13)² - 10

⇒ 169 - 10 = 159

Option 2) 9 — 71

⇒ (9)2 - 10

⇒ 81 - 10 = 71

Option 3) 5 — 31

⇒ (5)2 - 10

⇒ 25 - 10 = 15 ≠ 31

Option 4) 17 — 279

⇒ (17)2 - 10

⇒ 289 - 10 = 279

Hence, the correct answer is "5 - 31".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: (First number × Third number) ÷ 4 = Second number.

1. (8, 12, 6)

⇒ (8 × 6) ÷ 4

⇒ 48 ÷ 4 = 12

And,

2. (9, 18, 8)

⇒ (9 × 8) ÷ 4

⇒ 72 ÷ 4 = 18

Similarly,

3. (12, 24, 8)

⇒ (12 × 8) ÷ 4

⇒ 96 ÷ 4 = 24

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The pattern followed here is:

Here, we have to interchange the numbers and mathematical signs that would make the given equation correct.

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) 20 and 80, × and +

After interchanging the number and sign we get the:

⇒ 72 ÷ 8 + 9 − 36 × 80 = 20

⇒ 9 + 9 - 36 × 80 = 20

⇒ 9 + 9 - 2880 = 20

⇒ 18 - 2880 = 20

⇒ -2862 ≠ 20

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) 9 and 36, × and ÷

After interchanging the number and sign we get the:

⇒ 72 × 8 ÷ 36 − 9 + 20 = 80

⇒ 72 × 0.222 - 9 +20 = 80

⇒ 15.84 - 9 + 20 = 80

⇒ 35.84 - 9 = 80

⇒ 26.84 ≠ 80

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) 36 and 72, ÷ and −

After interchanging the number and sign we get the:

⇒ 36 - 8 × 9 ÷ 72 + 20 = 80

⇒ 36 - 8 × 0.125 + 20 = 80

⇒ 36 - 1 + 20 = 80

⇒ 56 - 1 = 80

⇒ 55 ≠ 80

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) 8 and 9, + and −

⇒ 72 ÷ 9 × 8 + 36 - 20 = 80

⇒ 8 × 8 + 36 - 20 = 80

⇒ 64 + 36 - 20 = 80

⇒ 100 - 20 = 80

⇒ 80 = 80

⇒ LHS = RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The position of the English alphabet series is given below:

Hence, the correct answer is "RYZ".

The pattern followed here is:

The least possible Venn diagram is shown below according to the given information.

Statements:

No student is a teacher.

All students are children.

Some girls are students.

Conclusion:

I. Some children are not teachers → Follow → As no student is a teacher and all students are children. So some children are not teachers is definitely followed.

II. Some girls are not teachers → Follow → As no student is a teacher, all students are children and some girls are students. So some girls are not teachers is definitely followed.

III. No girl is a teacher → Does not follow → As no student is a teacher and some girls are students. No girl is a teacher is not followed because it is a possibility that some girls are teachers. So it is not followed.

So, Only conclusions I and II follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The pattern followed here is:

Given:

   

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The pattern followed here is:

1. In the first row B, and O are interchanged positions with L, T respectively, In the second row every figure shifted one place to the right side in the second figure, In the third row all the are written in reverse order in the second figure.

2. L, B and T,O are shifted diagonally with V,C and = , 8 Respectively. In Second row 1^st pair and last pair are interchanged their position mutually.

3)In the first row C, and V are interchanged positions with 8, = respectively, In the second row every figure shifted one place to the right side in the fourth figure, In the third row all the are written in reverse order in the fourth figure.

 

4)  V, C and =,8 are shifted diagonally with T,O and  L, B Respectively. In Second row 1^st pair and last pair are interchanged their position mutually.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The correct answer is 3.

Key Points

• Alauddin Khilji
• Alauddin Khilji levied numerous taxes during his reign, including the Jaziya tax, Gharai tax, and Zakat.
• These taxes brought in a lot of money.
• He levied extra taxes on Hindus in addition to Jiziya and significantly raised their rates.
• So, they had to pay 50% of the product's price in land revenue.
• The Hindus additionally levied a housing tax.
• Ghari was a tax on houses.
• They were compelled to give the merchants most of the corn.
• The "Biswas" was established as the standard unit of measurement after Alauddin commanded that the entire land be measured using standard yields.
• Jizya is typically imposed as a tax on non-Muslim subjects of an Islamic state known as dhimmis as a means of revenue.
• Jizya is referred to in the Quran and hadiths without showing its rate or total, and its application has changed throughout Islamic history.
• Zakat was only imposed on Muslims.
• Zakat is generally described as a 2.5% tax on savings to be donated to the Muslim poor and needy.

Additional Information

• Khalji dynasty
• One of the Khalji dynasty's most formidable kings was Alauddin Khalji (1296–1316).
• He succeeded as Delhi's Sultan.
• He killed his father-in-law to increase his influence in Delhi.
• Alauddin protected his country from Mongol incursions during his rule at Jaran-Manjur, Sivistan, Kili, Delhi, and Amroha.
• In the future, he also invaded and seized control of Hindu kingdoms including Gujarat, Ranthambore, Chittor, Malwa, Siwana, and Jalore.

The correct answer is Mulching.

Key Points

• Mulching is the technique of covering the exposed ground with a layer of an outside substance.
• "Mulch" is the name of the covering material.
• When growing commercially significant crops, such as fruit trees, vegetables, flowers, and nursery saplings, mulching is typically used.
• It is useful for home gardeners' raised beds, containers, and yard gardening.

Additional Information

• Rock dam:
• Similar to sediment basins with earthen embankments are rock dams.
• These dam-building constructions are made of gravel and rock.
• Shelter belts:
• To stop the wind from eroding the soil, plant rows of trees on one side of the space.
• They are called shelter belts.
• Contour barriers:
• Contour barriers are contour strips that stop soil particles and water from moving downhill.
• These obstacles lessen the erosive power of the water by slowing its flow.

The correct answer is Sclerenchyma.

Key Points

• ​Sclerenchyma tissues make up the coconut husk.
• It is merely an everlasting tissue.
• Long and tapering at the ends, cells contain a thick lignin-based cell wall.
• These cells lack protoplasm and are typically dead.

Additional Information

• Collenchyma:
• Several herbaceous and woody plants have collenchyma, which is a supporting tissue unique to the developing organs of those plants.
• Mature herbaceous plants' stems and leaves also contain it.
• Xylem:
• The specialized tissue in vascular plants called xylem distributes nutrients and water from the plant-soil contact to the stems and leaves.
• They also give the plants mechanical strength.
• Parenchyma:
• It is a basic permanent tissue.
• It makes up a large portion of the ground tissues of plants, where vascular tissues and other tissues are attached.

The correct answer is 2019.

Key Points

• Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi launched the Fit India Movement at a ceremony in New Delhi on the occasion of National Sports Day on 29^th August 2019.
• It is awarded annually by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.

Additional Information

• The National Sports Day in India is celebrated on August 29  annually on the birth anniversary of the legendary Hockey player and Olympian Major Dhyan Chand.
• National Sports Day is also called with the name Rashtriya Khel Divas.
• Recently Prime Minister Narendra Modi has announced that Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award will be renamed as Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award.
• Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award is the highest sporting honour of the Republic of India.

The correct answer is The plant cells cannot divide by mitosis.

Key Points Plant cell:

• The outer cover of plant cell is called ‘cell wall’.
• Cell wall of a plant cell is made up of cellulose.
• It is a structural layer outside the cell membrane in the plant cells.
• It mainly provides structural support and protection to the plant cell and can be tough, flexible and sometimes rigid.
• Tonoplast is the layer of vacuole and endoplasmic reticulum is a cell organelle.
• Generally, all plant cells contain chloroplast.
• The plant cells can divide by mitosis.

Thus, the outer cover of the plant cell is called cell wall.

The correct answer is the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

Key Points

• On April 22, 2022, the Dr Ambedkar Foundation and the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment announced the launch of the Dr Ambedkar Centers of Excellence Scheme.
• The Dr Ambedkar Centre of Excellence (DACE) was established as part of this programme at the University of Allahabad.
• The DACE program's goal is to give Scheduled Caste (SC) students High-Quality Free Coaching Services for the Civil Services Examinations, which are held by UPSC.
• The DACE is dedicated to giving SC students a top-notch education that will increase their knowledge, foster critical thinking, improve their problem-solving abilities, and boost their self-assurance.
• The coaching process lasts a **whole year.**​

Additional Information

• Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment:
• Founder: Ministry of Minority Affairs

Minister: Dr Virendra Kumar

Founded: 1998

• Ministry of Corporate Affairs:
• Officeholder: Rao Inderjit Singh
• Ministry of Rural Development:
• Founded: 20 January 1980

Headquarters: New Delhi

Officeholders: Niranjan Jyoti

• Ministry of Education:
• Founded: 1985

Headquarters: New Delhi

Officeholders: Dharmendra Pradhan.

All information as of February 2023.

The correct answer is Mahatma Gandhi.

Key Points

• The UN's International Day of Nonviolence is marked every year on October 2, the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi.​
• The United Nations General Assembly approved a resolution on June 15, 2007, to observe 2 October as this day.
• The principle of non-violence, also known as non-violent resistance, rejects the use of physical violence in order to achieve social or political change. ​

Additional Information

• Rajendra Prasad
• Rajendra Prasad was the longest-serving President of India (1950 to 1962).
• Rajendra Prasad was elected as the first President of India on 24^th January 1950
• ​Subhas Chandra Bose
• Subhas Chandra Bose was born on 23^rd January 1897 in Cuttack, Orissa.
• One of the greatest freedom fighters of India popularly known as Netaji.
• Subhas Chandra Bose was elected twice as the president of the INC in the Haripura session in 1938 and the Tripuri session in 1939.
• Subhas Chandra Bose founded the All India Forward Bloc on 22^nd June 1939.
• Subhash Chandra Bose is believed to have died from the 3^rd-degree burn from a plane crash in Taiwan on 18^th August 1945.
• A few Books written by Subhas Chandra bose are:
• An Indian Pilgrim
• Words of Freedom: Ideas of a Nation: Subhash Chandra Bose
• Jaruri Kichu Lekha
• The Indian Struggle
• Famous speeches and letters of Subhas Chandra Bose
• Letters To Emilie Schenkl
• ​​Jawaharlal Nehru​
• Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India.
• He is the Prime Minister who has had the longest term in office.
• He served as the prime minister of India from 15^th August 1947 to 1964.
• He is the architect of the Preamble of the Indian constitution.
• He was the Prime Minister of India during the Indo-China war in 1962.
• He served as the first chairman of the planning commission of India.
• He was honored with the Bharat Ratna in 1955.
• The name Panchayati raj was given by Jawaharlal Nehru.
• National Herald is a newspaper started by Jawaharlal Nehru.
• Shantivan is the cremation ground of Jawaharlal Nehru.

The correct answer is Mahatma Gandhi.

Key Points

• The above-given lines are said by Mahatma Gandhi.
• Some of the other quotes said by Mahatma Gandhi are
• “Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.”
• “Be the change that you wish to see in the world.”
• "There are people in the world so hungry, that God cannot appear to them except in the form of bread."

Additional InformationMahatma Gandhi

• He was born on 2 October 1869.
• His political career Gandhi started in South Africa where he launched a Civil Disobedience Movement against the maltreatment meted out to Asian settlers.
• In 1915, he returned to India and took up the leadership of the National Freedom Struggle.
• Mahatma Gandhi led the national freedom struggle against British rule.
• Gandhiji launched many movements to force the British to concede India its Independence.
• The well-known are Non-Co-operation Movement (1920), Civil Disobedience Movement (1930), and the Quit India Movement (1942).
• Gandhi wrote his famous autobiography under the title 'My Experiments with Truth'.
• Mahatma Gandhi is better known as the father of the Nation.

The correct answer is 1980.

Key Points

• The Indian state of Madhya Pradesh annually bestows the Kalidas Samman, a prize for the arts.
• The honour bears Kalidasa's name, a well-known Classical Sanskrit author from ancient India.
• In 1980, the Kalidas Samman was first given out.
• Initially, it was awarded every other year in the categories of classical music, classical dance, theatre, and visual arts.

Additional Information

• Kalidasa:
• The greatest poet and playwright of ancient India, Kalidasa, wrote in Classical Sanskrit.
• The Vedas, the Ramayaa, the Mahabharata, and the Puraas are the main sources for his plays and poetry.
• He wrote Raghuvamsa, which details Raghuvamsa's whole family genealogy, from Dilipa to Rama.
• "Meghaduta" is the name of a poem he penned.
• The epic Kumarasambhava, written by Kalidas, is a significant work.
• Many poems about the beginnings of the goddess Parvati can be found in Kumarasambhava.

The correct answer is A. R. Rahman.

Key Points

• A. R. Rahman has won Oscars as well as a Golden Globe award for his contribution to international music.
• A.R. Rahman won the Golden Globe award in 2009 for the movie ‘Slumdog Millionaire’.
• The Golden Globe Awards are given by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association beginning in January 1944, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign.

Additional Information

• Pandit Jasraj was a Mewati gharana-affiliated classical performer from India.
• He was a groundbreaking artist whose egalitarian outlook made him famous.
• People adored his devotional music and he retained popular appeal in a manner where bhava (passion) and devotion were key.
• Pandit Ravi Shankar (1920-2012):
• He was an Indian sitar virtuoso and a composer.
• He became the world's best-known exponent of North Indian classical music, in the second half of the 20^th century and influenced many other musicians throughout the world.
• Ustad Zakir Hussain, son of tabla player Ustad Allah Rakha, is the most famous classical tabla player in India today.
• He is appreciated both in the field of percussion and in the music world at large.

The correct answer is Ural.

Key Points

Ural Mountains:

• It extends from the Kara Sea to the Kazakh Steppe along the border of Kazakhstan.
• Geographically this range marks the northern part of the border between Europe and Asia.
• They are formed due to the Continent-Continent collision of supercontinent Laurussia with the young and weak continent of Kazakhstania.
• Mt. Narodnaya is the highest peak in this range.
• Since the 18^th century, the mountains have been a major mineral base of Russia.
• The Urals also are part of a highly developed industrial complex closely tied to the mineral-rich Siberian region and are the home of peoples with roots reaching deep into history.
• The rivers flowing down from the Urals drain into either the Arctic Ocean or the Caspian Sea.
• The northern side of the mountain range receives cool, rainy weather, while the southern side is a hot desert.
• The western side of the mountain range receives warm continental winds, while the eastern side is much cooler and drier.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• The highest literate state of India as per Census 2011 is Kerala.
• According to the 2011 census, the literacy rate of Kerala is 94%.
• Kerala, Lakshadweep, Mizoram, Goa, and Tripura are the top five literate states in India as per the 2011 census.

Additional Information

• Census 2011:
• It is the 15^th National Census Survey conducted by the Census Organization of India.
• Shri C. Chandramouli is the Commissioner and Registrar General of Census of India 2011.
• As per the Census of India 2011, the population density of India was 382 per square km.
• The Indian Census is the most credible source of information on Demography (Population characteristics), Economic Activity, Literacy and Education, Housing Household Amenities, Urbanisation, Fertility, Mortality, etc.
• Census was introduced in India during the era of Lord Mayo in the year 1872. It came into force in 1881.
• The slogan of census 2011 was 'Our Census, Our future'.
• The population of the nation as per the provisional figures of Census 2011 was 1210.19 million of which 623.7 million (51.54%) were males and 586.46 million (48.46%) were females.
• Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India its population is more than the population of Brazil.

The correct answer is presidential.

Key Points

• The system based on individual leadership is a presidential system.
• Where the head of government comes to power by gaining the confidence of an elected legislature.
• The Presidential system is a democratic and republican system of government where the head of government leads a separate legislative branch.
• The President is the head of government as well as the Head of State in the Presidential system.
• The Presidential system is the dominant form of Government in continental America.

Additional Information

• Parliamentary system, is a democratic form of government in which the party (or a coalition of parties) with the greatest representation in the parliament (legislature) forms the government, its leader becoming prime minister or chancellor.
• Executive functions are exercised by members of the parliament appointed by the prime minister to the cabinet.
• The parties in the minority serve in opposition to the majority and have the duty to challenge it regularly.
• Prime ministers may be removed from power whenever they lose the confidence of a majority of the ruling party or of the parliament.
• The parliamentary system originated in Britain and was adopted in several of its former colonies.

The correct answer is The Indus.

Key Points

• Panchnad comprises five rivers located on the left bank of the Indus.
• They are also tributaries of the Indus river.
• They originate across the Himalayas.
• They are Ravi, Jhelum, Satluj, Beas, and Chenab.

Additional Information

• Indus River system:
• It originates from a glacier near Bokhar Chu in the Tibetan region.
• Other tributaries are the Shyok, the Gilgit, the Zaskar, the Hunza, the Nubra, the Shigar, the Gasting and the Dras.
• In Tibet, the Indus river is known as ‘Singi Khamban'.

The correct answer is 13 June.

Key Points

• The final of the French Open (Roland Garros) Tennis 2021 for men took place on 13 June.
• Novak Djokovic won the men's singles tennis title at the 2021 French Open by defeating Stefanos Tsitsipas in the final.
• It was his second French Open title and 19^th major title overall. With the win, he became the first man to achieve a double Career Grand Slam in the Open Era.
• The French Open is a major tennis tournament held over two weeks at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France, beginning in late May each year.
• The French Open is the premier clay court championship in the world and the only Grand Slam tournament currently held on this surface.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Punjab.

Key Points

• Union Minister of Petroleum & Natural Gas Hardeep Singh Puri inaugurated Asia’s largest Compressed Bio Gas (CBG) plant in Punjab.
• CBG plants are a huge leap forward in arriving at a win-win situation for farmers and environment.
• Sangrur Plant to reduce stubble burning of 40,000-45,000 acres of fields, translating into an annual reduction of 150,000 tons of CO₂ emissions.
• Sangrur CBG Plant shall provide direct employment to 390 and indirect employment to 585 people.

Additional Information

• Bio gas consists of Carbon dioxide, Methane and Hydrogen.
• Biogas is a mixture of gases produced by anaerobic decomposition of organic matter like biomass waste, municipal waste, plant residue, etc.
• It mainly consists of Methane, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen, and a small amount of Hydrogen Sulphide and moisture.
• The government of India is implementing Galvanising Organic Bio Agro Resources Dhan or GOBAR-Dhan scheme for Biogas production.
• Compressed Bio-Gas is exactly similar to the commercially available natural gas in its composition and energy potential.
• Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) is an effort of GOI is aimed to enhance Compressed Biogas in the country.

The correct answer is Compounds of carbon having double bonds or triple bonds between their carbon atoms are called unsaturated compounds.

Key Points

• Compounds of carbon having double bonds or triple bonds between their carbon atoms are called unsaturated compounds.
• The term "unsaturated" means more hydrogen atoms may be added to the hydrocarbon to make it saturated (i.e. consisting of all single bonds).
• The example of the unsaturated compound is alkenes and alkynes, as well as branched chains and aromatic compounds.
• Saturated hydrocarbons have the molecular formula C_nH_2n+2, where n refers to the number of carbon atoms, and can be any natural number.
• For example ethane

Additional Information

• Alkane - acyclic saturated hydrocarbon.
• Alkane consists of hydrogen and carbon atoms arranged in a tree structure in which all the carbon-carbon bonds are single.
• Alkene - any hydrocarbon containing one or more double bonds.
• Alkenes unsaturated compounds
• Alkyne - any hydrocarbon containing one or more triple bonds.
• Alkenes unsaturated compounds

The correct answer is Merchant of the city.

Key Points

• In the Rashtrakuta dynasty, the King was the head of administration and the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.
• Some posts were made hereditary, which meant that the son got a particular post after the death of his father.
• For example, Poet Harisena was a Maha-danda-nayaka (Chief Judicial Officer) and his father held the same post.
• Nagara-Shreshti was the term used for the top banker or merchant of the city. Prashasti: It is a Sanskrit word which means 'in praise of. The court poets used to praise their rulers in glowing terms.
• These policies appear quite effective in keeping control over the kingdom to a certain extent.

Additional Information

• Administration Of Chola Kingdom
• The Central Government, Provincial Government, and Local Government were the three main administrative tiers under the Cholas.
• The names of the higher-ranking authorities were Peruntaram and the lower-ranking officials were Siruntaram.
• The Chola Empire was split into nine provinces, each with its own administration. Another name for them was Mandalams.
• Viceroy was the title given to the province's leader. Viceroys were chosen from the monarchs' close family members
• Nattars were the name given to the nadus' heads. The Nattavai was the name of the nadu council.
• Agriculture was pushed by Nattavais and Nattar representatives. In addition, they were in charge of tax collection and population protection.
• Variyams assisted Local Assemblies in carrying out village government efficiently. These variyams were made up of male members of the community.

The correct answer is Transfer payments from the government and firms.

Key Points

• Personal income refers to all income collectively received by all individuals or households in a country. Personal income includes compensation from a number of sources, including salaries, wages, and bonuses received from employment or self-employment, dividends and distributions received from investments, rental receipts from real estate investments, and profit sharing from businesses.
• Personal Income (PI) ≡ NI – Undistributed profits – Net interest payments made by households – Corporate tax + Transfer payments to the households from the government and firms.
• Personal income has a significant effect on consumer consumption. As consumer spending drives much of the economy, national statistical organizations, economists, and analysts track personal income on a quarterly or annual basis.

Additional Information

• National income is a broader national-level economic measure than is personal income. National income includes payments to individuals (income from wages and salaries, and other income), plus payments to government (taxes), plus retained income from the corporate sector (depreciation, undistributed profits), less adjustments (subsidies, government and consumer interest, and statistical discrepancy).
• Disposable personal income measures the after-tax income of persons and nonprofit corporations. It is calculated by subtracting personal tax and nontax payments from personal income.
• Gross national income (GNI) is defined as a gross domestic product, plus net receipts from abroad of compensation of employees, property income and net tax less subsidies on production.

The correct option is Henry Moseley.

Key Points

• In 1913 AD, the English scientist Henry Moseley demonstrated, with the help of experiments done using an X-ray tube, that the atomic number (Z) of an element corresponds to the positive charge on the nucleus or the number of the protons in the nucleus of the atom of that element.
• This revealed that the atomic number is a more fundamental property of an element than its atomic mass.
• Henry Moseley observed regularities in the characteristic X-ray spectra of the elements. A plot frequency of X-ray emitted against atomic number gave a straight line and the plot of the frequency of X-rays emitted vs atomic mass was not a straight line.
• Based on the above experiments he proposed that the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic number.

Additional Information

• A German chemist, Julius Lothar Meyer 1869, was looking at the physical properties of elements along with their valence states. He made a table that contained a preliminary tabulation of 28 elements. The table showed how the integral valence changed as the atomic weight of elements increase
• On 17 February 1869, Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev jotted down the symbols for the chemical elements, putting them in order according to their atomic weights and inventing the periodic table. He wrote down the sequence in such a way that they ended up grouped on the page according to known regularities or ‘periodicities’ of behaviour. It was perhaps the greatest breakthrough in the history of chemistry
• In 1829 Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner discovered the existence of families of elements with similar chemical properties. Because there always seemed to be three elements in these families, he called them triads.

The correct answer is Fifth.

Key Points

• Garibi Hatao slogan:
• ‘Garibi Hatao’ was the slogan given by Indira Gandhi at the time of the fifth five-year plan.
• It was given for the objective of poverty aviation and employment creation for a better life.
• The commitment to Poverty alleviation was followed by the formulation of a 20-point program by Indira Gandhi.
• The Fifth Five Year Plan India was sketched out for the period spanning 1974 to 1979.

Important Points

• 2^nd Five-Year Plan of India:
• Also called the ‘Mahalanobis Plan’ after its chief architect PC Mahalanobis.
• It was based on the 1928 Soviet Model of Feldman.
• Its emphasis was on economic stability.
• The agricultural target fixed in the first plan was almost achieved. Consequently, the agriculture sector got low priority in the second five Year plan.
• Its objective was Rapid Industrialization, particularly basic and heavy industries such as iron and steel, heavy chemicals like nitrogenous fertilizers, and heavy engineering and machine building industry.
• Besides, the Industrial Policy of 1956 emphasized the role of the Public Sector and accepted the establishment of a socialistic pattern of society as the goal of economic policy.
• Advocated huge imports which led to the emptying of funds leading to foreign loans. It shifted basic emphasis from agriculture to industry far too soon. During this plan, the price level increased by 30%, against a decline of 13% during the First Plan.
• 3^rd Five-Year Plan:
• The duration of the plan is 1961-66
• The aim of this plan was to make India a 'self-reliant' and 'self-generating' economy.
• The Plan was a failure in reaching the target growth of 5.6% due to the following factors - Chinese aggression (1962), Indo-Pak war (1965), and severe drought 1965-66.
• It was a thorough failure as it achieved a growth rate of 2.8% against a target growth of 5.6% due to unforeseen events that took place during this tenure.
• 4^th Five Year Plan:
• Rolled out during 1969-74.
• Also known as Ashok Rudrah Manne Model.
• First, two years was successful with record food grain production due to the Green revolution.
• Targeted growth rate: 5.7%, Achieved growth rate: 3.3%.
• The plan became a failure because of the huge influx of refugees from Bangladesh during Indo-Pak war 1971.
• 5^th Five Year Plan:
• Targeted growth rate: 4.4%, Achieved growth rate: 4.8%
• It was terminated 1 year before the plan period, in March 1978.
• The final draft of the plan was made by DP Dhar with the objective of removal of poverty & attainment of self-reliance.

The correct answer is Equality, Liberty.

Key PointsRIGHT TO FREEDOM

• Equality and freedom or liberty, are the two rights that are most essential to a democracy.
• It is not possible to think of the one without thinking of the other.
• Liberty means freedom of thought, expression and action.
• However it does not mean freedom to do anything that one desires or likes.
• If that were to be permitted then a large number of people will not be able to enjoy their freedom.
• Therefore, freedoms are defined in such a manner that every person will enjoy her freedom without threatening freedom of others and without endangering the law and order situation.

The correct answer is Union Minister for Women and Child Development.

Key Points

• ‘STREE MANORAKSHA’– an initiative aimed at “Integrating Training and Supervision in Psychosocial and Mental Health Care for One Stop Centre (OSC) staffs to support Women Facing Violence” is a project started in The National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS)
• The project is headed by Dr. Prabha S. Chandra, Professor of Psychiatry and Associate Dean, of NIMHANS.
• Stree Manoraksha project” was launched by the Union Minister for Women and Child Development, Smt. Smriti Zubin Irani on the occasion of International Women's Day Week.

Additional Information

• Union Minister for Education - Dharmendra Pradhan
• Union Minister for Law and Justice - Kiren Rijiju
• Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare - Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya

The correct answer is Bihar.

Key Points

• Jat-Jatin
• In the Indian state of Bihar, the Jat-Jatin is a popular folk dance.
• It is particularly well-known in North Bihar, particularly in the Mithila and Koshi regions.
• Women's dance Jat Jatin is supposed to be performed on moonlit nights during the monsoon season.
• From midnight to morning, grown-up girls and young housewives assemble in the courtyard to dance to the beat of a drum.
• It is usually done by two people.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 1707.

Key Points

• Aurangzeb (1658 AD-1707 AD)
• He was crowned at Delhi under the title Alamgir.
• He captured Guru Teg Bahadur, the 9^th Guru of Sikhs in 1675 AD and executed him when he refused to embrace Islam.
• The Mughal conquests reached a climax during Aurangzeb’s reign as Bijapur and Golconda were annexed in 1686 AD and 1687 AD, respectively.
• He forbade the inscription of Kalma on the coins and also forbade sati and Jharokha-darshan.
• He ended the celebration of Navroz and, in 1679 AD, reimposed Jizya.
• The only monument associated with Aurangzeb is Bibi ka Maqbara, which is the tomb of his wife Rabbia-ud-Daura, in Aurangabad.
• He died in 1707 after a 49-year reign without officially declaring a crown prince.
• Aurangzeb was the sixth, and widely considered the last effective Mughal Emperor.
• According to his wish, he was buried near the dargah of Sheikh Zainuddin, his "spiritual guru".
• His tomb is located in the village of Khuldabad, in the district of Aurangabad, but he died in  Ahmednagar.
• He was initiated into the Naqshbandiya order.

Additional Information

• The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur in the year 1526 AD.
• He reigned over India from 1526 AD to 1530 AD.
• He was a Central Asian ruler who was of Turkic-Mongol origin.
• He was a descendant of Timur on his father's side, and Genghis Khan on his mother's side.
• The Mughals, a Dynasty of Turkic-Mongol origin ruled most of northern India from the early 16^th to the mid-18^th century.

Given:

BC is 8 cm

D is the midpoint of side BC.

Calculation:

As we know, the median of an equilateral triangle bisects the base and makes 90°So,

So, BD = DC = BC/2 = 4 cm

Now,

AD² + DC² = AC²

⇒ AD2 + 42 = 82

⇒ AD2 + 16 = 64

⇒ AD2 = 64 - 16

⇒ AD2 = 48

⇒ AD = √48

⇒ AD = 4√3

So, height is 4√3 cm

∴ The required answer is 4√3 cm.

Given:

A thief steals a bike at 12:30 p.m. and drives it at 48 km/h.

The bike owner starts to chase him on another bike at 58 km/h.

Concept used:

Time taken to meet = Initial Distance / Relative

Speed Distance = speed × time

Calculation:

In 30 min the thief will cover 48 × 1/2

⇒ 24 km

Now,

The owner need to cover up this 24 km to catch the thief

Relative speed = 58 - 48

⇒ 10 km/h

Time = 24/10

⇒ 2.4 hour or 2 hours 24 minutes   [As 1 hour = 60 minutes]

So, the thief will be caught at 1 p.m + 2 hour and 24 minutes

⇒ 3:24 p.m

∴ The thief will be caught at 3:24 p.m.

Shortcut Trick

When two triangles are similar (ΔABC ~ ΔFDE), their corresponding sides are proportional.

The ratio is: AB / FD = BC / DE = AC / FE

⇒ 9 / 16 = BC / 12

⇒ BC = (9 × 12) ÷ 16

⇒ BC = 108 ÷ 16 = 27 ÷ 4 = 6(3)/(4) cm

∴ The correct answer is 6(3)/(4) cm.

Alternate Method

Given: AB = 9 cm, AC = 11 cm, DF = 16 cm, and DE = 12 cm. It is given that Δ ABC ~ Δ FDE.

Formula Used: If two triangles are similar, the ratio of their corresponding sides is constant.

Since Δ ABC ~ Δ FDE, we match the corresponding vertices:

A ↔ F, B ↔ D, and C ↔ E.

⇒ AB ÷ FD = BC ÷ DE

⇒ 9 ÷ 16 = BC ÷ 12

⇒ 16 × BC = 9 × 12

⇒ 16 × BC = 108

⇒ BC = 108 ÷ 16

⇒ BC = 27 ÷ 4

⇒ BC = 6.75 cm = 6(3)/(4) cm

∴ The correct answer is 6(3)/(4) cm.

Additional Information

Properties of Similar Triangles

Two triangles are similar if their corresponding angles are equal and their corresponding sides are in the same ratio.

Similarity Ratios

Ratio of Perimeters = Ratio of Corresponding Sides; Ratio of Areas = (Ratio of Corresponding Sides)².

SAS Similarity Criteria

If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of another triangle and the sides including these angles are proportional, then the triangles are similar.

Given:

Ratio of radii of two cylinders = 1 : 4

Ratio of height of two cylinders = 4 : 3 

Formula Used:

Volume of cylinder = πr²h [where r = radius of base and h = height]

Calculation:

Let the radii of two cylinders be x and 4x and their heights be 4y and 3y

Volume of 1^st cylinder : Volume of 2^nd cylinder = πx² × 4y : π(4x)² × 3y

⇒ 4x²y : 48x²y

⇒ 1 : 12

∴ Their volumes will be in the ratio of 1 : 12.

Given:

${\rm X} + \frac{1}{{\rm X}}$ = 2 cos $θ$

Concept used:

4cos3θ - 3cosθ = cos3θ

${{\rm X}^3} + \frac{1}{{{{\rm X}^3}}}$ = $\left({\rm X} + \frac{1}{{\rm X}}\right)^3$ - 3$\left({\rm X} + \frac{1}{{\rm X}}\right)$

Calculation:

${{\rm X}^3} + \frac{1}{{{{\rm X}^3}}}$ = (2 cosθ)³ - 3(2cosθ)

⇒ 8cos3θ - 6cosθ

⇒ 2(4cos3θ - 3cosθ)

⇒ 2cos3θ

∴ The required answer is 2 cos3θ.

Given:

A and B can do a certain work in 6 hours

A, B and C together take 4 hours to do the same.

Concept used:

Total work = efficiency of the workers × time taken

Calculation:

Let the total work be 12 units   [LCM of 4 and 6]

So, efficiency of A and B = 12/6 = 2 units/hour

The efficiency of A, B and C = 12/4 = 3 units/hour

So,

Efficiency of C = 3 - 2

⇒ 1 unit/hour

Time to complete the task by C = 12/1

⇒ 12 hours

∴ The required answer is 12.

Calculation:

Total expenditure of P and Q degree wise = 70 + 120

⇒ 190°

Average degree wise = 190/2

⇒ 95°

Average expenditure amount wise = 3600 × 95°/360°

⇒ 950

∴ Ther required answer is 950.

Given:

sin4θ + cos4θ

Concept used:

cos2θ = 1 - sin2θ

Calculation:

sin4θ + cos4θ

⇒ sin4θ + (cos²θ)²

⇒ sin4θ + (1 - sin2θ)2

⇒ sin4θ + 1 + sin4θ - 2sin²θ

⇒ 2sin4θ + 1 - 2sin2θ

⇒ 2sin4θ - 2sin2θ + 1

∴ The required answer is 2sin4θ - 2sin2θ + 1.

Given:

Three circles of radius 6 cm are kept touching each other.

Calculation:

The length of the string not in contact with the circle = 2r + 2r + 2r

⇒ 6r = 6 × 6

⇒ 36

By symmetry, the angles swiped by the string on one circle is 120.

Length of string touching circle = 2πr/3 + 2πr/3 + 2πr/3

⇒ 6πr/3

⇒ 2πr = 2 × 6 × π

⇒ 12π

Total length = 36 + 12π

∴ The required answer is 36 + 12π cm.

Shortcut Trick Let y = √x − 1/√x. Squaring both sides gives: y2 = x + 1/x − 2 Given x = 3 + 2√2, its reciprocal is 1/x = 3 − 2√2. Substitute these into the equation: y2 = (3 + 2√2) + (3 − 2√2) − 2 ⇒ y2 = 6 − 2 = 4 ⇒ y = 2 (since x > 1, y must be positive). ∴ The correct answer is 2.

Alternate Method Given: ⇒ x = 3 + 2√2 ⇒ x > 0

Formula Used: ⇒ (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab ⇒ (a − b)(a + b) = a2 − b2

Calculations: Expressing the given value of x as a perfect square: ⇒ x = 2 + 1 + 2√2 ⇒ x = (√2)2 + (1)2 + 2 × (√2) × (1) ⇒ x = (√2 + 1)2 Taking the square root on both sides: ⇒ √x = √2 + 1 Now, find the value of reciprocal term 1/√x: ⇒ 1/√x = 1/(√2 + 1) Rationalizing the denominator by multiplying the numerator and denominator by (√2 − 1): ⇒ 1/√x = (1 × (√2 − 1)) / ((√2 + 1)(√2 − 1)) ⇒ 1/√x = (√2 − 1) / (2 − 1) ⇒ 1/√x = √2 − 1 Now, substitute the values of √x and 1/√x into the required expression: ⇒ √x − 1/√x = (√2 + 1) − (√2 − 1) ⇒ √x − 1/√x = √2 + 1 − √2 + 1 ⇒ √x − 1/√x = 2 ∴ The correct answer is 2.

Additional Information Square Root of a Surd To find the square root of a binomial quadratic surd of the form a + 2√b, we find two numbers whose sum is a and whose product is b. The square root is then given by √x + √y. Rationalization Conjugate For any expression of the form √a + √b, its rationalizing factor is √a − √b. Multiplying them results in a rational number a − b. Identity for Reciprocals If x = a + √b and a2 − b = 1, then the reciprocal is always 1/x = a − √b.

Calculation:

Population of Goa in the year 1998 = 32760000 × 12%

⇒ 39,31,200

Population of Goa in the year 1997 = 39,31,200 × 100/120

⇒ 32,76,000

Population of Arunachal Pradesh in the year 1998 = 32760000 × 25%

⇒ 81,90,000

Population of Arunachal Pradesh in the year 1997 = 81,90,000 × 100/110

⇒ 81,90,0000/11

Ratio = 3276000 : 81,90,0000/11

⇒ 11 : 25

∴ The required answer is 11 : 25.

Given:

Suman paid Rs.9,600 in interest on a loan she obtained 5 years ago with a simple interest rate of 16%.

Concept used:

S.I = (P × T × R)/100

P = Sum

T = Time

R = Rate

Calculation:

Let the sum be Rs. x

According to the question,

9600 = (x × 16 × 5)/100

⇒ 9600 × 10 = 8x

⇒ x = 96000/8

⇒ x = 12000

So, the sum is Rs. 12000

∴ The amount of the loan she had taken was Rs. 12,000.

Given:

tan (θ - 4π)

Concept used:

Calculation:

tan (θ - 4π)

⇒ tan{- (4π - θ)}

⇒ - tan(4π - θ)

⇒ -(-tanθ)

⇒ tanθ

∴ The required answer is tanθ.

Concept used:

If (n + 1)a is divided by n

Then,

Remainder is 1

Calculation:

742 = (7²)21

⇒ (49)21

⇒ (48 + 1)21

So, the remainder is 1

∴ The required answer is 1.

Calculation:

Electricity sold to industries = 25% of total

So, central angle = 360° × 25%

⇒ 90°

∴ The required answer is 90°.

Given:

Number p is 15% more than 150. If k is 15% less than p

Calculation:

P = 150 × 115%

⇒ 172.5

Now,

k = 172.5 × 85%

⇒ 146.625

∴ The required answer is 146.625.

Given:

Two numbers are 36 and 198

Calculation:

36 = 3² × 22

198 = 3² × 2 × 11

So, HCF = 3² × 2

⇒ 9 × 2

⇒ 18

∴ The required answer is 18.

Given:

The ratio of the weight of the pieces is 3 : 2 : 1

The diamond worth Rs. 6,084 is accidentally dropped and broken into 3 pieces.

Concept used:

The cost of a piece of diamond varies with the square of its weight.

⇒ Price = k × weight²......(k is any constant)

Let the weight of a piece of the diamond be 3a + 2a + a = 6a

Calculation:

The initial value of diamond = 36ka²

According to the question,

36ka² = 6084

Then, The new value of diamond becomes = k (9a² + 4a² + a²) = 14ka²

New value of diamond = (14 × 6084)/36 = Rs. 2366

Loss occurred = 6084 - 2366 = Rs. 3718

∴ The loss involved in the cutting is Rs. 3,718.

Shortcut Trick 

The initial value of diamond (3 + 2 + 1)2 = 62 = 36 unit

After cut the value becomes (32 + 22 + 12) = 14 unit,

The loss occurred (36 - 14) = 22 unit

So, 36 unit → Rs.6084

Then, 22 unit → 6084/36 × 22 = Rs.3718

Given:

The marked price of an article is Rs. 10,927.

Concept used:

Selling price = Marked price × (100 - Discount)%

Selling price = Cost price × (100 + profit)%

Calculation:

According to the question,

Cost price of Raju × (111.5)/100 = 10927

⇒ Cost price of Raju = 10927 × (100/111.5)

⇒ Cost price of Raju = 9800

Discount = 10927 - 9800

⇒ 1127

Discount% = (1127/10927) × 100

⇒ 10.31 ≈ 10.3%

∴ The percentage discount offered was 10.3%.

Given:

${\rm X} + \frac{1}{{\rm X}} = - 2$

Calculation:

${\rm X} + \frac{1}{{\rm X}} = - 2$

For x = - 1, ${\rm X} + \frac{1}{{\rm X}} = - 2$

So,

x17 + x-17 + x12 + x-12

⇒ x17 + $\frac{1}{\rm x^{17}}$ + x12 + $\frac{1}{\rm x^{12}}$

⇒ - 1 - 1  + 1 + 1

⇒ - 2  + 2

⇒ 0

∴ The required answer is 0.

Concept used:

Mean proportion of a and b = $\sqrt {ab}$

Calculation:

$\sqrt{\left( {6 + \sqrt 8 } \right)\left( {3 - \sqrt 2 } \right)}$

⇒ $\sqrt{18-6\sqrt2+3\sqrt8-\sqrt{16}}$

⇒ $\sqrt{18-6\sqrt2+6\sqrt2-4}$

⇒ $\sqrt{18-4}$

⇒ $\sqrt {14}$

∴ The required answer is $\sqrt {14}$.

Given:

x - y = 1

x2 + y2 = 41

Concept used:

(x - y)2 = x2 + y2 - 2xy

(x + y)2 = x2 + y2 + 2xy

Calculation:

x - y = 1

⇒ (x - y)² = 1²

⇒ x² + y2 - 2xy = 1

⇒ 41 - 2xy = 1

⇒ 2xy = 40

Now,

x2 + y2 + 2xy = 41 + 40

⇒ (x + y)² = 81

⇒ (x + y)2 = 9²

⇒ (x + y) = 9

∴ The required answer is 9.

Given:

XY ∶ GS = 2 ∶ 3

Concept used:

If two sides and a median bisecting the third side of a triangle are respectively proportional to the corresponding sides and the median of another triangle, then two triangles are similar.

Calculation:

As $\Delta XYZ \sim \Delta GST$

So, $({\frac{{YV}}{{SD}}}) ^2$ = $({\frac{{XY}}{{GS}}}) ^2$

⇒ $({\frac{{2}}{{3}}}) ^2$

⇒ $\frac{4}{9}$

∴ The value of $({\frac{{YV}}{{SD}}}) ^2$ is $\frac{4}{9}$.

Given:

Vikas covers 40% of the distance at 40 km/h, 50% of the distance at 25 km/h and the remaining 10% distance at 10 km/h.

Concept used:

Average speed = Total distance/Sum of total speed

Calculation:

Let the total distance be 100x

Now,

Average speed = $\frac{100x}{\frac{100x \times 40\%}{40}+\frac{100x \times50\%}{25}+\frac{100x \times10\%}{10}}$

⇒ $\frac{100x}{\frac{40x}{40}+\frac{50x}{25}+\frac{10x}{10}}$

⇒ $\frac{100x}{x + 2x + x}$

⇒ $\frac{100x}{4x}$

⇒ 25 km/h

∴ His average speed over the whole distance was 25 km/h.

Calculation:

Production of the refrigerator by company G = 260

Production of the refrigerator by company I = 220

Ratio = 260 : 220

⇒ 13 : 11

∴ Ther required answer is 13 : 11.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• The sentence requires a phrase that accurately describes the Oscars being given to top actors for their performances.
• "Awarded to the best" correctly captures the idea that the Oscars are given to the best actors.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: rewarded to good – Inappropriate because "rewarded" is not the proper verb and "good" lacks the right connotation.
• Option 2: nominated to fine – Inappropriate because it talks about nominations and "fine" does not fit well.
• Option 4: attached to fine – Inappropriate because it does not make sense in this context.

The correct answer is: waiting for me

Key Points

• The error here lies in the use of the preposition after the verb "waiting."
• Replace the preposition "on" with "for" to correct the sentence.
• To 'wait on' someone means to serve someone.
• For example- The hotel staff waited on the couple at their wedding dinner.
• To 'wait for' something or someone means we are expecting something to happen or we are waiting for someone.
• For example- When the thieves left the building, the police were waiting for them.
• "Waiting for" is the most common usage when talking about anticipating something or someone.
• So, option 4 is the most appropriate option that can substitute the underlined segment in the given sentence.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Corrected sentence: When I reached home late, I found my children waiting for me.

The correct answer is: left no stones unturned

Key Points

• The blank should be filled with the correct idiomatic expression according to the meaning of the sentence.
• Let us look at the correct meaning of the given idioms.
• Fought fire with fire: To fight against an opponent by using the same methods or weapons that the opponent uses. (प्रतिद्वंद्वी द्वारा उपयोग किए जाने वाले तरीकों या हथियारों का उपयोग करके प्रतिद्वंद्वी के खिलाफ लड़ने के लिए)
• Brought home the bacon: To earn the money that is needed to live. (जीने के लिए आवश्यक धन कमाने के लिए)
• Made waves: To disturb a situation by changing things or by challenging the way things are done. (चीजों को बदलकर या काम करने के तरीके को चुनौती देकर स्थिति को बिगाड़ना)
• Left no stones unturned: To do everything possible to find some way out. (कोई रास्ता निकालने के लिए हर संभव प्रयास करना)
• ​Therefore, according to the meaning of the given idioms, option 4 is the correct answer.
• The implied meaning of the sentence is: Our school had chosen to transport us on an excursion to the Himalayas. I did everything I could to persuade my mother to agree.

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Complete sentence: Our school had decided to take us to the Himalayas for excursion. I left no stones unturned to convince my mother to give consent.

The incorrectly spelt word is: Rhime.

Key Points 

• The correct spelling should be "Rhyme"
• Rhyme: Correspondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially when these are used at the ends of lines of poetry. (शब्दों या शब्दों के अंत के बीच ध्वनि का पत्राचार, खासकर जब इनका उपयोग कविता की पंक्तियों के अंत में किया जाता है)
• For example- She used “moon” as a rhyme for “June.”
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 1, which is incorrectly spelt.

Additional Information 

• Timely: Done or occurring at a favourable or useful time; opportune. (अनुकूल या उपयोगी समय पर किया या घटित होना; उपयुक्त)
• Rhythm: A strong, regular repeated pattern of movement or sound. (ध्वनि का एक मजबूत, नियमित दोहराया पैटर्न)
• Symbolical: Relating to or using or proceeding by means of symbols. (प्रतीकों के माध्यम से संबंधित या उपयोग या आगे बढ़ना)