SSC CGL 2022 Tier-I Official Paper (Held On : 05 Dec 2022 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: First number × 10 = Second number & Second number × 20 = Third number.

Let's check each option one by one:

Option 1) (6 – 60 – 1200) 

⇒ 6 × 10 = 60 & 60 × 20 = 1200 (Correct)

Option 2) (7 – 70 – 1600) 

⇒ 7 × 10 = 70 & 70 × 20 = 1400 ≠ 1600 (Incorrect)

Option 3) (5 – 50 – 1000) 

⇒ 5 × 10 = 50 & 50 × 20 = 1000 (Correct)

Option 4) (4 – 40 – 800) 

⇒ 4 × 10 = 40 & 40 × 20 = 800 (Correct)

Hence, the correct answer is "(7 – 70 – 1600)".

The position of the English alphabet is given below:

1. CAST : DCVX

And,

2. BUSH : CWVL

Similarly,

3. ARMY : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "BTPC".

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Given:

A # B means ‘A is the brother of B’

A @ B means ‘A is the son of B’

A & B means ‘A is the wife of B’

A % B means ‘A is the mother of B’

Find how U related to V.

Given: X @ Y & Z # U & W @ V

Clearly, U is the daughter-in-law of V.

Hence, the correct answer is "Daughter-in-law".

The position of the English alphabet is given below:

Logic: First letter + 12 → Second letter + 5 → Third letter + 5 → Fourth letter.

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) AMRW

Option 2) XFIK

Option 3) PBGL

 

Option 4) KWBG

Hence, the correct answer is "XFIK".

The pattern followed here is:

Here interchanging the given two numbers to find which equation will be not correct.

Given: 3 and 4

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) 3 + 5 × 4 – 6 ÷ 2 = 16 

After interchanging the numbers we get the:

⇒ 4 + 5 × 3 – 6 ÷ 2 = 16 

⇒ 4 + 5 × 3 - 3 = 16

⇒ 4 + 15 - 3 = 16

⇒ 19 - 3 = 16

⇒ 16 = 16

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 2) 4 × 6 – 3 + 9 ÷ 1 = 25 

After interchanging the numbers we get the:

⇒ 3 × 6 – 4 + 9 ÷ 1 = 25 

⇒ 3 × 6 – 4 + 9 = 25

⇒ 18 - 4 + 9 = 25

⇒ 27 - 4 = 25

⇒ 23 ≠ 25

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) 3 × 7 – 8 ÷ 2 + 4 = 27 

After interchanging the numbers we get the:

⇒ 4 × 7 – 8 ÷ 2 + 3 = 27 

⇒ 4 × 7 - 4 + 3 = 27

⇒ 28 - 4 + 3 = 27

⇒ 31 - 4 = 27

⇒ 27 = 27

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 4) 9 × 3 ÷ 6 + 4 – 8 = 1 

After interchanging the numbers we get the:

⇒ 9 × 4 ÷ 6 + 3 – 8 = 1 

⇒ 9 × 0.66 + 3 - 8 = 1

⇒ 6 + 3 - 8 = 1

⇒ 9 - 8 = 1

⇒ 1 = 1

⇒ LHS = RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

According to the question:

Logic: Number of letters present in the word = code.

'complete the drawing' → '837'

'do not leave early' → '2355'

'we need break' → '245'

Similarly,

Given: 'kindly stand straight'

kindly → 6 letters are present in the word.

stand → 5 letters are present in the word.

straight → 8 letters are present in the word.

So, the code of 'kindly stand straight' = 658

Hence, the correct answer is "658".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: (First number × 9) - 8 = Second number.

1. 11: 91

⇒ (11 × 9) - 8

⇒ 99 - 8 = 91

And,

2. 15 : 127

⇒ (15 × 9) - 8

⇒ 135 - 8 = 127

Similarly,

3. ? : 154

⇒ (18 × 9) - 8 

⇒ 162 - 8 = 154

Hence, the correct answer is "18".

The pattern followed here is:

In this question interchanging the given two signs and numbers in the given options equations.

Given: + and –, 7 and 3

Let's check each option one by one:

Option 1) 7 + 3 × 9 – 8 ÷ 2 = 30

After interchanging the numbers and sign we get the:

⇒ 3 - 7 × 9 + 8 ÷ 2 = 30

⇒ 3 - 7 × 9 + 4 = 30

⇒ 3 - 63 + 4 = 30

⇒ 7 - 63 = 40

⇒ - 56 ≠ 40

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) 9 × 7 + 3 – 4 ÷ 2 = 18 

After interchanging the numbers and sign we get the:

⇒ 9 × 3 - 7 + 4 ÷ 2 = 18 

⇒ 9 × 3 - 7 + 2 = 18

⇒ 27 - 7 + 2 = 18

⇒ 29 - 7 = 18

⇒ 22 ≠ 18

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) 3 × 4 ÷ 2 + 7 – 5 = 16 

After interchanging the numbers and sign we get the:

⇒ 7 × 4 ÷ 2 - 3 + 5 = 16 

⇒ 7 × 2 - 3 + 5 = 16

⇒ 14 - 3 + 5 = 16

⇒ 19 - 3 = 16

⇒ 16 = 16

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 4) 3 + 7 ÷ 1 – 4 × 2 = 16 

After interchanging the numbers and sign we get the:

⇒ 7 - 3 ÷ 1 + 4 × 2 = 16 

⇒ 7 - 3 + 4 × 2 = 16

⇒ 7 - 3 + 8 = 16

⇒ 15 - 3 = 16

⇒ 12 ≠ 16

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The pattern followed here is:

Here we have to arrange the given words according to the English dictionary order.

6. Humanity 3. Humanoid 2. Humbug 7. Humectants 4. Humidity 1. Humility 5. Humoresque

Hence, the correct answer is "6, 3, 2, 7, 4, 1, 5".

The position of the English alphabet series is given below:

'DAISY’ is written as 'FCIQW'

And,

'ROSES' is written as 'TQSCQ'

Similarly,

'LOTUS' be written as '?'

Hence, the correct answer is "NQTSQ".

The pattern followed here is:

In this question, two signs should be interchanged to make the given equation correct.

Given: (50 ÷ 3) × 15 + 25 − 10 = 25

Option 1) ÷ and -

After interchanging the two signs we get the;

⇒ (50 - 3) × 15 + 25 ÷ 10 = 25

⇒ 47 × 15 + 25 ÷ 10 = 25

⇒ 47 × 15 + 2.5 = 25

⇒ 705 + 2.5 = 25

⇒ 707.5 ≠ 25

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) + and × 

After interchanging the two signs we get the;

⇒ (50 ÷ 3) + 15 × 25 − 10 = 25

⇒ 16.66 + 15 × 25 - 10 = 25

⇒ 16.66 + 375 - 10 = 25

⇒ 391.66 - 10 = 25

⇒ 381.66 ≠ 25

⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) ÷ and × 

After interchanging the two signs we get the;

⇒ (50 × 3) ÷ 15 + 25 − 10 = 25

⇒ 150 ÷ 15 + 25 - 10 = 25

⇒ 10 + 25 - 10 = 25

⇒ 35 - 10 = 25

⇒ 25 = 25

⇒ LHS = RHS

Option 4) + and − 

After interchanging the two signs we get the;

⇒ (50 ÷ 3) × 15 - 25 + 10 = 25

⇒ 16.66 * 15 - 25 + 10 = 25

​⇒ 249.9 - 25 + 10 = 25

​⇒ 259.9 - 25 = 25

​⇒ 234.9 ≠ 25

​⇒ LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: First number × 7 =  Second number and First number × 9 = Third number.

1. (23, 161, 207)

⇒ 23 × 7 = 161 and  23 × 9 = 207

2. (47, 329, 423)

⇒ 47 × 7 = 329 and 47 × 9 = 423

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) (64, 448, 576)

⇒ 64 × 7 = 448 and 64 × 9 = 576 (Correct)

Option 2) (84, 442, 570)

⇒ 84 × 7 = 588 ≠ 442 and 84 × 9 = 756 ≠ 570 (Incorrect)

Option 3) (29, 112, 782)

⇒ 29 × 7 = 203 ≠ 112 and 29 × 9 = 261 ≠ 782 (Incorrect)

Option 4) (33, 97, 297)

⇒ 33 × 7 = 231 ≠ 97 and 33 × 9 = 297 (Incorrect)

Hence, the correct answer is "(64, 448, 576)". 

Alternate Method Logic: (1^st number × 2) + 2^nd number = 3^rd number.

(23, 161, 207)

⇒ (23 × 2) + 161

⇒ 46 + 161 = 207.

(47, 329, 423)

⇒ (47 × 2) + 329

⇒ 94 + 329 = 423.

Similarly, for (64, 448, 576) 

⇒ (64 × 2) + 448

⇒ 128 + 448 = 576.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "216".

The pattern followed here is:

The least possible Venn diagram is shown below according to the given information.

Statements:

Some violins are pianos.

All violins are flutes.

No violin is a guitar.

Conclusions:

I. No guitar is a piano → Does not follow → As all violins are flutes and No violin is a guitar. So there is a possibility as some guitar is a piano. So no guitar is a piano is not followed.

II. Some flutes are pianos → Follow → As some violins are pianos and All violins are flutes. So some flutes are pianos is definitely followed.

III. All flutes are guitars → Does not follow → As some violins are pianos and all violins are flutes and no violin is a guitar. So all flutes are guitars is definitely not follow.

So, Only conclusion II follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is held on the right side.

Detailed Explanation:

• The correct mirror image of the given figure is "

" the first alphabet of the given image is 'd' and the correct mirror image of this alphabet is '

' but it is wrongly given in Option 2 and Option 4 so it is eliminated.

• The correct mirror image of the given figure is "

" the second alphabet of the given image is 'y' and the correct mirror image of this alphabet is '

' but it is wrongly given in Option 3 so it is eliminated.

 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Additional Information

1. In the mirror image left side and right side changed vice-versa where the top and bottom remain the same.

2. In a real given mirror image the farthest number or alphabet appears closest in the mirror image.

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: Second number is divisible by first number

1. 18 : 234

⇒ 234 ÷ 18 = 13

Therefore, 234 is divisible by 18

2) ? : 176

⇒ 176 ÷ 16 = 11

Therefore, 176 is divisible by 16. 14,15,20 can not divide 176.

3. 14 : 126

⇒ 126 ÷ 14 = 9

Therefore, 126 is divisible by 9 

Hence, the correct answer is "16".

The pattern followed here is:

There are two series followed in the alternate matter.

1. The figures are rotated 45º and 90º alternatively.

2) 

 is moving to the opposite direction of the line when that line is moving 45º clockwise direction.

3) 

 remains its position when that line is moving 90º clockwise direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The pattern followed here is:

1. The middle figure is rotated 90º clockwise direction in every next figure.

2. In the alphabet series addition of + 1 in every next figure and change their position and shifted one step next in the next figure.

 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The pattern followed here is:

Lens : Camera → A lens is a tool used to bring light to a fixed focal point and Lens is used in the Camera.

Similarly,

Cartridge : Printer → An ink cartridge is a component of an inkjet printer that contains the ink that is used to print on paper and a Cartridge is used in the Printer.

Hence, the correct answer is "Printer".

The pattern followed here is:

Logic: No two opposite faces are adjacent to each other.

Let's find which number is faced opposite to face having '3'.

We are taking both dice figures (1) & (2) together.

Here, 5 and 2 are common in both dice and 6 is opposite to 1.

Now, we are taking dice figures (2) & (3) together.

Here, 1 and 2 are common in both dice and 5 is opposite to 4.

Opposite pairs:

6 ⇔ 1

5 ⇔ 4

3 ⇔ 2

Clearly, 2 faces opposite of 3.

Hence, the correct answer is "2".

The position of the English alphabet series is given below:

Hence, the correct answer is "JRNU".

The pattern followed here is:

The least possible Venn diagram is shown below according to the given information.

Statements:

I. Some second are time.

II. All time are minute.

Conclusion:

I. No minute is time → Does not follow → As All time are minute. So No minute is time is not definitely followed.

II. No time is second → Does not follow → As Some second are time and all time are minute. So No time is second is not definitely followed.

III. No second is minute → Does not follow → As Some second are time and all time are minute. So No second is minute is not definitely followed.

So, Neither conclusion follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

A × B means that A is the father of B.

A + B means that A is the mother of B.

A - B means that A is the brother of B.

Given relation code:

Find: Which expression shows that Q is the brother of P?

Let's check each option one by one.

Option 1) P + Q – R

Here, Q is the son of P. (Incorrect)

Option 2) P – Q + R 

Here, Q is the sister of P. (Incorrect)

Option 3) P × R – Q 

Here, the gender of Q is not clear so we can't determine how Q is related to P. (Incorrect)

Option 4) P – Q × R 

Here, Q is the Brother of P. (Correct)

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The position of the English alphabet series is given below:

Hence, the correct answer is "CQHM".

The correct answer is Berlin, Germany.

Key Points

• The fifth edition of the Men's Indoor Hockey World Cup took place in 2018.
• In Berlin, Germany, it was performed from February 7 to February 11, 2018.
• Iran won their first medal, while Austria overcame Germany on penalties to win their first championship.

Additional Information

• The 2023 Men's Indoor Hockey World Cup was the sixth edition of this tournament.
• It was performed in Pretoria, South Africa, from February 5 to February 11, 2023.
• After a penalty shootout, Austria defeated the Netherlands to win the championship for the second time in a row.
• Iran defeated the United States to earn the bronze medal.

The correct answer is 11.

Key Points

• The original constitution contained only the fundamental rights and not the fundamental duties.
• They incorporated the duties of the State in the Constitution in the form of Directive Principles of State Polity.
• In 1976 Sardar Swarna Singh committee to make recommendations about fundamental duties
• The 42^nd Constitution amendment act in 1976 added a new part IVA
• It consists of only one article that is article 51A
• Swarna Singh suggested 8 fundamental duties in the constitution, 42^nd Constitution amendment act added 10 duties
• In 2002, one more Fundamental Duty was added.
• So, at present there are total of 11 Fundamental Duties are included in the Indian Constitution.

Additional Information

• The Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution are inspired by the Constitution of the erstwhile USSR.
• None of the Constitutions of major democratic countries like the USA, Canada, France, Germany, Australia, and so on specifically contain a list of duties of citizens.
• Japanese Constitution is, perhaps, the only democratic Constitution in the world that contains a list of duties of citizens.
• Fundamental duties are confined to citizens only and do not extend to foreigners.
• Fundamental duties are non-justiceable.

The correct answer is Bay of Bengal.

Key Points

• A cyclone is a rotating storm sby a low-pressure center, strong winds, and heavy rain. Cyclones are also known as hurricanes, typhoons, or tropical storms, depending on where they occur in the world.
• Cyclones form over warm tropical waters, typically between 5 and 20 degrees latitude, where the ocean is at least 80 degrees Fahrenheit (27 degrees Celsius) and the air is moist. The warm ocean water provides the energy for the storm to form, and the moist air provides the water vapor that condenses and releases heat as the storm grows.
• The Bay of Bengal, located on the eastern coast of India, is known for its warm waters and favorable atmospheric conditions that can support the formation and intensification of tropical cyclones. A tropical cyclone is a rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, strong winds, and heavy rain. Cyclones are typically classified based on their wind speed, with weaker storms called tropical depressions, stronger storms called tropical storms, and the most intense storms called hurricanes or typhoons.
• The Bay of Bengal is one of the most active regions in the world for tropical cyclone formation, with an average of about 5-6 storms per year. The cyclone season in the Bay of Bengal typically runs from April to December, with the peak season occurring between October and November. The conditions that support cyclone formation in the Bay of Bengal include warm ocean temperatures, high humidity, and low wind shear, which allows the storms to organize and intensify.
• The states that are most vulnerable to cyclones in the Bay of Bengal region include Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal. These states have a long history of dealing with cyclones and have developed extensive systems for tracking, warning, and evacuating people in the path of storms. However, despite these efforts, cyclones in the Bay of Bengal region can still cause significant damage, loss of life, and displacement of people.

Additional Information

• In contrast, the Arabian Sea region on the western coast of India experiences fewer cyclones compared to the Bay of Bengal region. This is due to the cooler waters and less favorable atmospheric conditions in the Arabian Sea, which make it more difficult for cyclones to form and intensify. However, the Arabian Sea region is still vulnerable to cyclones and other weather-related hazards, such as monsoons and flooding.
• Overall, cyclones are a natural hazard that can have significant impacts on the people and infrastructure of coastal regions. It is important for authorities to be prepared and take necessary precautions to minimize the impact of these natural disasters, including developing early warning systems, improving evacuation procedures, and investing in disaster-resistant infrastructure.

The correct answer is 'Chandigarh'

Key Points

• Chandigarh:
• According to the 2011 Census of India, Chandigarh has the highest population density among Indian states and Union Territories, with a density of 9,252 people per square kilometer.
• Chandigarh is a Union Territory and serves as the capital of both Punjab and Haryana.
• Its high population density is due to its status as a well-planned city with a significant administrative and economic importance.

Additional Information

• Puducherry (Pondicherry):
• Puducherry, a Union Territory, has a population density of 2,547 people per square kilometer, according to the 2011 Census.
• It is densely populated, but not as much as Chandigarh.
• Uttar Pradesh:
• Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India, with a population density of 828 people per square kilometer.
• Despite having a large population, its density is lower compared to Chandigarh and Puducherry.
• Bihar:
• Bihar has a population density of 1,106 people per square kilometer, making it the most densely populated state in India.
• However, it still has a lower density compared to Chandigarh.

Important Points

• Chandigarh’s high population density impacts its urban planning and resource management.
• It is important for policy-makers to address challenges related to infrastructure, traffic, and public services in high-density areas.
• Population density data from the census is crucial for planning and implementing development programs effectively.

Sources: - Census of India 2011] https://censusindia.gov.in/

National Geographic https://www.nationalgeographic.com/

The correct answer is Sanskrit College. 

 Key Points

• Hindu College:
• In Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India, there is a collegiate, central, and research university called Hindu College.
• In 1916, it was founded.
• The Central Hindu College, established in 1898 by Annie Besant, was absorbed into the university.
• Madan Mohan Malaviya founded the university when Besant and her friends were sidelined.
• Banaras Hindu University is India's first central university.

Additional Information 

• Dayanand College :
• A publicly sponsored, UGC-recognized college with ties to Guru Jambheswar University Hisar is Dayanand College Hisar.
• Shivaji College:
• A coeducational institution with ties to the University of Delhi is Shivaji College.
• ​Sanskrit College, Banaras: ​
• In 1791, Jonathan Duncan founded the college to promote the study of Hindu laws and philosophy in Banaras.
• In 1958, the Sanskrit College became a university.
• In 1974, the name was changed to Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya.

The correct answer is China.

Key Points

• ​China is the world's largest rice producer.
• China is also the largest importer of rice to meet its projected 2022-23 domestic consumption of 155 million tonnes.
• In terms of rice production, India is second.
• Other significant rice producers are Indonesia, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Thailand, and Burma.

Additional Information

• India's greatest producer of rice is the state of West Bengal.
• The majority of its arable land is used for rice farming.
• With about 5.86 million hectares under rice cultivation, Uttar Pradesh is the second-largest producer of rice in the India.
• Punjab, the third-largest rice-producing state in the nation, produced 11.82 million tonnes of rice during 2015 and 2016.

The correct answer is M. Srinivas.

Key Points

• Indian physician Dr. M. Srinivas hails from the Indian state of Karnataka.
• He was appointed as the director of AIIMS on September 9, 2022, for a term of five years or until he was 65, whichever came first.
• Randeep Guleria, who has held the position since March 2017, was succeeded by him.

Additional Information

• Raj Subramaniam:
• The CEO and President of the FedEx Corporation is Rajesh Subramaniam.
• Krishnan Ramanujam:
• ​The President of TCS' Enterprise Growth Group is Krishnan Ramanujam.
• Nitin Chugh:
• ​Nitin Chugh has been hired by State Bank of India (SBI) as Deputy Managing Director (DMD) to oversee digital banking activities.

The correct answer is Italy.

Key Points

• The first Winter Olympic Games, the 1924 Winter Olympics, were held in Chamonix, France.
• The Games were held every four years from 1924 to 1936, interrupted in 1940 and 1944 by World War II, and resumed in 1948.
• Five main sports Bobsleigh, Curling, Ice Hockey, Nordic skiing, and Skating are played in Winter Olympics.
• The 2026 Winter Olympics will be hosted by Italy.
• The Winter Olympic Games have been hosted on three continents by thirteen countries.
• The USA has hosted the Winter Olympics four times in 1932, 1960, 1980, and 2002.

Additional Information

• Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894.
• The first modern Summer Olympic Games were held in Athens, Greece in 1896.
• The ancient Olympic Games were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8^th century BC to the 4^th century AD.
• Japan was the host nation of the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo,
• The Summer Olympics 2024 is organized in Paris.
• The last Summer Olympics was organized in Tokyo, Japan.
• Organizers of the 2024 Paris Olympics unveiled “Games Wide Open” as their official slogan on 25 July 2022.
• Having previously hosted in 1900 and 1924, Paris will be hosting the Summer Olympics third time in 2024.
• The 2024 Summer Olympics are scheduled to take place from July 26 to August 11, 2024.
• Athletes will compete in a total of 329 events in 32 sports.
• Norway was at the top in the medal tally in the 2022 Winter Olympics.

The correct answer is Ustad Bismillah Khan. 

Key Points

• Indian musician Ustad Bismillah Khan is recognised for popularising the reeded woodwind instrument shehnai.
• In 2001, he received the Bharat Ratna along with Lata Mangeshkar.
• In Teheran, Iran, there is a theatre with his name on it.​

Additional Information

• Ustad Sultan Khan:
• Indian classical singer and sarangi player Ustad Sultan Khan belonged to the Sikar Gharana.
• Together with Bill Laswell and Zakir Hussain, he was a founding member of the Indian fusion band Tabla Beat Science.
• In 2010, he received the Padma Bhushan honor.
• Ustad Zakir Hussain:
• Tabla musician, composer, percussionist, music producer, and actor Ustad Zakir Hussain hails from India.
• In 1988, he received the Padma Shri, in 2002, the Padma Bhushan, and in 2023, the Padma Vibhushan.
• Ustad Vilayat Khan:
• Indian classical sitarist Ustad Vilayat Khan played the instrument.​
• He is given the credit for inventing and perfecting gayaki ang on the sitar.
• Vilayat received the Padma Bhushan award in 1968 and the Padma Shri award in 1964, respectively.

The correct answer is limestone.

Key PointsSedimentary Rocks

• Sedimentary rocks are formed by the accumulation of sediments.
• Common sedimentary rocks include sandstone, limestone, and shale.
• These rocks frequently start as sediments carried in rivers and deposited in lakes and oceans.
• When secreted, the sediments lose water and become cemented to form rock.

Additional Information

• Metamorphic Rock is one of the major groups of rock that make up the crust of the Earth; it consists of pre-existing rock mass in which new minerals or textures are formed at higher temperatures and greater pressures than those present on the Earth's surface.
• Marble is a metamorphic rock that forms when; limestone is subjected to the heat and pressure of metamorphism.
• A marble that contains impurities such as clay minerals, iron oxides, or bituminous material can be bluish, gray, pink, yellow, or black in color.
• As metamorphism progresses, the crystals grow larger and become easily recognizable as interlocking crystals of calcite.
• Some other examples of metamorphic rocks are gneiss, slate, marble, schist, and quartzite.
• Igneous Rock. Igneous rock is a term used for a rock formed when molten rock cools and hardens. Extrusive, or volcanic, igneous rock cools on the surface as lava. Some examples of igneous rocks are granite, gabbro, and basalt.

The correct answer is Jacob Berzelius.

Key Points

• Jacob Berzelius discovered three chemical elements: cerium, thorium and selenium, and devised the modern method by which one or two letters are used to symbolise elements.
• In 1813, J.J. Berzelius proposed that chemical symbols should be based on the Latin names of the elements.
• He is among the founders of modern Chemistry and is known for his work on atomic weight which led to several developments in chemistry.
• Chemical symbols are the abbreviations used for chemical elements.
• It usually consists of one or two letters from the Latin alphabet.
• For example, the chemical symbol of lead is Pb which is derived from plumbum in Latin.

Additional Information

• John Dalton
• He was an English physicist and chemist.
• He is known for introducing atomic theory into chemistry.
• He is a pioneer in research into colour blindness and his theory is also known as Daltonism after his name.
• Phosphorus is a chemical element with an atomic number 15.
• It was discovered by Hennig Brand in 1669.
• Phosphorus has the smell of garlic.
• Phosphorus is never found as a free element on earth due to its high reactivity.
• In 1915, The Bohr model of the atom was proposed by Neil Bohr.
• Bohr's model explains that electrons move in fixed orbitals.
• Bohr also explained that each orbit has a fixed energy level Bohr's model.
• Electrons revolve around the nucleus in a definite circular path called orbits in an atom.
• Each orbit has fixed energy and these orbits are called orbital shells.
• The electrons move from a lower to a higher energy level by gaining the required energy and an electron moves from a higher to a lower energy level by losing energy in an atom.

The correct answer is 1991.

Key Points

• With respect to India’s foreign trade, 1991 is referred to as the year of the divide.
• Economic reforms were launched in 1991 as the structural adjustment program and it was started by then Prime Minister Narasimha Rao.
• India’s New Economic Policy was launched by the then Finance Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh.
• The economic changes first became visible in 1991 and radically changed the direction that the Indian Economy had pursued since independence towards a liberalized and open economy.

Additional Information

• LPG reforms of 1991 were a strategic shift in the Indian economy that changed the very nature of Indian reality today.
• India’s New Economic Policy was announced on July 24, 1991, known as the LPG or Liberalisation, Privatisation, and Globalisation model.
• Liberalization- It refers to the process of making policies less constraining of economic activity and also reduction of tariff or removal of non-tariff barriers.
• Privatization- It refers to the transfer of ownership of property or business from a government to a privately owned entity.
• Globalization- It refers to the expansion of economic activities across political boundaries of nation-states

The correct answer is State election commission.

Key Points

• The Panchayati Raj System
• The Panchayati Raj System relates to the local self-government in India.
• It was adopted to decentralize the power of democracy.
• Democratic decentralization means that governmental power is divided at the local levels rather than concentrated in one place.
• So that citizens can participate and contribute to governance as per their interests and needs.
• According to Gandhiji - By improving the condition of villages, the country can be made unbeatable in all respects.
• That is why the organization of Gram Panchayats was arranged according to Gandhiji's imagination under Article 40 in the Constitution.
• The Panchayati Raj Institute was given constitutional status through the 73^rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 to establish democracy at the grassroots level and was entrusted with the task of rural development in the country.​

Additional Information

• State election commission 
• In Article 243 K, it is mentioned that a State Election Commission consisting of a State Election Commissioner is to be appointed by the Governor.
• Under Part IX of the Indian Constitution, Article 243 K tells about State Election Commissioner.
• State Election Commissioner shall only be removed from his office on the like ground as a Judge of a High Court.
• Tenure of State Election Commissioner is 6 years or up to the age of 65 years.

The correct answer is 1/ Cash Reserve Ratio.

Key Points

• The money multiplier can be expressed as 1/ Cash Reserve Ratio.
• The money multiplier is the amount of money created by commercial banks for a given fixed amount of base money and reserve ratio.
• An increase in a cash reserve ratio prevents the banks from lending more money and reduces the money multiplier.
• An increase in the banking habit of the population will increase lending, thereby will lead to more deposits in the banking system, hence increasing the money multiplier.
• Even if there is an increase in the population of the country, the money multiplier in an economy does not necessarily increase.

Additional Information

• The statutory liquidity ratio means ensuring that commercial banks are solvent and that they invest in government securities.
• By sapping market liquidity, an increase in the SLR limits the bank's ability to lend while also aiding in the management of inflation.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) utilizes the statutory liquidity ratio as a tool for its monetary policy to evaluate the liquidity available to banks.

The correct answer is Sage Vyasa.

Key Points

• Sage Vyasa compiled both the Puranas and the Mahabharata.
• The Mahabharata is an important source of information on the development of Hinduism between 400 BCE and 200 CE.
• It is regarded by Hindus as both a text about dharma (Hindu moral law) and a history.
• Appearing in its present form about 400 CE, the Mahabharata consists of a mass of mythological and didactic material arranged around a central heroic narrative that tells of the struggle for sovereignty between two groups of cousins, the Kauravas (sons of Dhritarashtra, the descendant of Kuru) and the Pandavas (sons of Pandu).
• The poem is made up of almost 100,000 couplets divided into 18 parvans, or sections.
• Its authorship is traditionally ascribed to the sage Vyasa, who appears in the work as the grandfather of the Kauravas and the Pandavas.

Additional Information

• Rishi Vasistha is also a very renowned and respected rishi of ancient India.
• Like rishi Agastya and rishi Vishwamitra, he is also one of the Saptrishis.
• He is considered to be the chief author of the seventh Mandala of the Rigveda.
• He finds mention in 'Yoga Samhita', 'Vashishtha Samhita' and in some versions of 'Agni Purana' and 'Vishnu Purana'.
• He was the owner of the divine cow 'Kamadhenu'.
• Rishi Vasishtha was a famous sage of the Vedic period and one of the Saptarishis.
• Sage Valmiki is revered as adi kavi.
• Valmiki was known as Ratnakar.
• As per Hindu Mythology, it is believed that Narada Muni transformed him into a great devotee of Lord Rama by giving him the Rama Nama mantra.
• Sage Bharadwaja is the name of a revered sage in Hinduism, one of the Saptarishis (Seven Sages) who are considered to be the great sages of ancient India.
• ​He is known for his great knowledge and wisdom in various fields including astronomy, Ayurveda (the ancient Indian system of medicine), and Vedas (the ancient Hindu scriptures).

The correct answer is Ghazni.

Key Points

• Sultan Mahmud came to India from Ghazni.
• The very first ruler in history to assume the title of "Sultan" was Mahmud of Ghazni, founder of the Ghaznavid Empire.
• Mahmud of Ghazni was a Turkish conqueror who attacked India 17 times between 1000 to 1027 AD.
• The biggest invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni was in 1025 AD wherein he invaded the Somnath temple in Gujarat.
• In all his 17 invasions, a number of dynasties were conquered by him.

Additional Information

• Al-Biruni was an Iranian scholar and polymath.
• He was from Khwarezm — a region that encompasses modern-day western Uzbekistan, and northern Turkmenistan.
• The scholar was entrusted by Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni to write an account of the subcontinent.
• Al-BīrūnīKitab al-Hind is a book written by Al-Beruni and is an important source of Historians.

The correct answer is 1919.

Key Points

• Langmuir in 1919 refined the Lewis postulation by abandoning the idea of the stationary cubical arrangement of the octet, and by introducing the team covalent bond.
• Covalent bonds;-
• They are formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms so that both can achieve a filled outermost shell.
• When two atoms share one electron pair they are said to be joined by a single covalent bond.
• In many compounds, we have multiple bonds between atoms. The formation of multiple bonds envisages the sharing of more than one electron pair between two atoms.
• If two atoms share two pairs of electrons, the covalent bond between them is called a double bond.
• When combining atoms share three electrons Paris as in the case of two nitrogen atoms in the N₂ molecule and the two carbon atoms in the ethyne molecule, a triple bond is formed.

Additional Information

• The first description of covalent bonding was provided by Gilbert N. Lewis in terms of the sharing of electron pairs between atoms
• He related the process to the attainment of noble gas configurations by reacting atoms as a result of sharing of electrons.
• Kossel and Lewis in 1916 developed a theory of chemical combination between atoms known as the electronic theory of chemical bonding.

The correct answer is Manipuri.

Key Points

• Manipuri is an ancient classical dance form that originated in the northeastern state of Manipur in India.
• Jagoi and cholom are the two main divisions in Manipur’s dance, the one gentle and the other vigorous, corresponding to the lasya and tandava elements described in Sanskrit literature.
• There are essentially two divisions in the classical Manipuri dance:
• Jagoi
• Predominant in Ras Leela, this part represents the Lasya element described in Bharata’s Natya Shastra. Here, the legs are generally bent and the knees are kept together. The foot movements are not as loud and pronounced as in the other classical dances of India.
• Cholom
• ​This represents the Tandava form of classical dance

Additional Information

• The important dance forms of Manipur include
• Lai Haraoba
• ​Lai Haraoba means the Festival of Gods. The traditional Lai Haraoba Dance, which enacts the 'Creation of the Universe', was initially a part of the Lai Haraoba festival.
• Kabui Dance
• ​The Kabuis, inhabiting the western hill ranges of Manipur, has a rich tradition of dance and music and are well known for their exquisite costumes. During the Gang-Ngai festival, the Kabuis perform a series of dances in different stylized forms, accompanied by the sound of heavy drums and high-pitched songs.
• Thang-Ta
• ​The art of Thang-Ta represents an ancient and remarkable tradition of Manipur. It exhibits the extraordinary technique of combat using the Thang (sword) and the Ta (spear). Thang-Ta symbolizes the traditional martial art techniques of the Manipuris.

The correct answer is Odissi.

Key Points

• Guru Kelucharan Mohapatra is a master and a legend in his chosen field, with a name now synonymous with Odissi dance throughout the world.
• He was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi award in 1966, the title of Padma Shri in January 1974, an honorary doctorate in January 1982, the Padma Bhushan in 1988 and the Kalidas Samman in 1989.

Additional Information

• Some famous personalities related to Dance
• Bharatanatyam - Sonal Mansingh, Bala Saraswati, Narthaki Natraj, CV Chandrasekhar, Leela Samson, Mrinalini Sarabhai, Padma Subramanyam, Rukmini Devi, Yamini Krishnamurti.
• Kathak - Shobhna Narayan, Bharti Gupta, Birju Maharaj, Durga Das, Gopi Krishna, Sambhu Maharaj, Sitara Devi.
• Kuchipudi - Raja, Kaushalaya Reddy, Siddhendra Yogi, Josyula Seetharamaiah, Vempathi Chinna Sathyam, Yamini Krishnamurthy, Ragini Devi.
• Manipuri - Guru Bipin Singh, Indira Devi, Darshana Jhaveri, Rajkumar Singhajit Singh, Nirmala Mehta, Savita Mehta.
• Odissi - Debaprasad Das, Dhirendra Nath Patnaik, Indrani Rahman, Kelucharan Mahapatra, Priyambada Mohanty, Sanjukta Panigrahi, Mayadhar Raut, Ileana Citaristi, Gangadhar Pradhan, Madhavi Mudgal, Sonal mansingh.
• Kathakali - Mrinalini Sarabhai, Thottam Shankaran, Kutti Nayyar, Shankar Kurup, KC (Kavungal Chathunni) Panicker, TT Ram Kulti, Chemancheri Kunhiraman Nair.

The correct answer is ₹1 lakh.

Key Points

• Every year since its inception in 1954, the Sahitya Akademi Award prizes the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the major Indian languages recognised by the Akademi
• Each Award carries a plaque, shawl, citation and a Cheque for Rs. One Lakh [₹ 1,00,000].
• The award amount, which was Rs.5,000 since inception, had been enhanced to Rs.10,000 from 1983, Rs**.25,000** from 1988, Rs.40,000 from 2001, Rs.50,000 from 2003 and is now Rs.1,00,000 from 2009.
• Zafar Hussain Khan was the first recipient of the Akademi Award in 1955. "Maal aur Mashiyat" (Philosophical Treatise) was the book for which he got the award.

Additional Information

• Tumadi Ke Shabd (Poetry) written by Badri Narayan in Hind was given the 2022 Akademi Award.
• Major Literature Awards in India are:
• Jyanpith award
• Instituted in 1961, the award is bestowed only on Indian writers writing in Indian languages included in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India.
• Saraswati Samman
• The Saraswati Samman is an annual award for outstanding prose or poetry literary works in any of the 22 languages of India listed in Schedule VIII of the Constitution of India
• Bihari Puraskar
• It is a prestigious literary award given by the Birla Foundation. In the year 1991, K. K. The Bihari Award was instituted by the Birla Foundation in the name of the famous poet Bihari Lal of the Riti period

The correct answer is Kichcha Sudeep.

Key Points

• The Karnataka government has appointed Kannada actor Kichcha Sudeep as the brand ambassador for its cattle adoption scheme known as ‘Punyakoti Dattu Yojana’.
• The announcement was made by Prabhu B Chavan, Animal Husbandry Minister
• Punyakoti Dattu Yojana is implemented to encourage people's participation in cow conservation.

Additional Information

• Some important Brand Ambassadors are as follows:
• Nikshay Mitra - Deepa Malik
• UrbanGabru - Suryakumar Yadav
• Bandhan Bank - Sourav Ganguly
• Friendship Ambassador’ by Switzerland Tourism - Neeraj Chopra
• Uttarakhand - Prasoon Joshi
• Puma India - Anushka Sharma
• Noise - Virat Kohli

The correct answer is Events of Akbar’s reign.

Key Points

• The second volume describes the detailed history of the reign of Akbar till the year 1602 and records the events during Akbar's reign.
• The Akbarnama, which translates to the Book of Akbar (1556-1605), the 3^rd Mughal Emperor, was written by his court historian and biographer, Abul Fazl. It is believed it took seven years for the book to be completed.
• It was written in Persian originally, which was the court language of the Mughals.
• The book includes vivid and detailed descriptions of his life and times during the reign of Akbar.
• The first volume of the book deals with the birth of Akbar, the history of Timur's family and the reigns of Babur and Humayun, and the Suri sultans of Delhi.
• It also throws light on how Bairam Khan and Akbar won the second Battle of Panipat (1556) against Hemu.
• The third volume of the Akbarnama describes the administrative system of the Empire. It also deals with Akbar's household, army, revenues, and geography of the Mughal Empire

Additional Information

• Abul Fazl
• Abul Fazl was the grand courtier of the Mughal emperor Akbar.
• He was the author of the Akbarnama, the official history of Akbar's reign
• Apart from Akbarnama, Abul Fazl also wrote the Persian translation of the Bible.
• Nine Jewels of Akbar
• ​Raja Birbal- He was a noble who won Akbar's appreciation for his wits.
• Miyan Tansen-He was the musician in Akbar's court
• Abul Fazal- He was the chief advisor in the court of Akbar. Faizi- Faizi was a poet who was famous for his work Nal U Daman.
• Raja Man Singh- He was the General in the court of Akbar.
• Raja Todar Mal- He was the Finance minister in the court of Akbar
• Mullah Do Piazza- Home Minister of Akbar.
• Fakir Aziao-Din-Religious Minister of Akbar.
• Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana- Defence Minister of Akbar and a renowned poet

The correct answer is Loo.

Key Points

• Loo:
• Loo is a type of local wind that blows in some regions of India and Pakistan.
• Harmful Wind
• In the plains of northern India and Pakistan, sometimes a very hot and dry wind blows from the west in the months of May and June, usually in the afternoons.
• It is known as its temperature invariably ranges between 45°C and 50°C. It may cause sunstroke to people.

Additional Information

• The movement of air from high-pressure to low-pressure areas is called wind.
• Winds are broadly classified into three types:
• Permanent Winds
• Seasonal Winds
• Local Winds
• Local Winds are winds that blow only during a particular period of the day or year in a small area.
• Some of the local winds with the area of flow are:
• Chinook- Rockies
• Foehn- Alps
• Loo- Gangetic plain, North India and Pakistan
• Sirocco- Sahara
• Mistral- Spain
• Blizzard- Polar regions of Canada and the USA

The correct answer is (i - d), (ii - a), (iii - b), (iv - c).

Key Points

• Mitochondria:
• Mitochondria is a double membrane organelle.
• Its number varies in the cell.
• It consists of the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes.
• It is present in the cytosol.
• It can replicate itself and can form its copy.
• It has its replication machinery.
• Mitochondria is semiautonomous.
• It has its DNA.
• It cannot synthesize all its protein and depend on the cell nucleus for it through the term semiautonomous.
• It contains enzymes that aid in metabolism.
• It is the site of ATP formation and energy generation.
• It consists of an Electron transport chain that is present on its membrane.
• Ribosomes:
• Ribosomes are made up of RNA and proteins.
• Ribosomes are present in both prokaryotic   and  eukaryotic cells.
• The prokaryotic cell contains 70S ribosomes and eukaryotic cells contain 80S ribosomes
• It doesn't have any membrane around him.
• Cells have many organelles.
• The primary function of RNA is to create proteins via translation.
• RNA carries genetic information that is translated by ribosomes into various proteins necessary for cellular processes.
• mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis.
• Nucleus: 
• The nucleus is a pivotal organelle responsible to regulate almost all forms of cellular activities.
• Mostly, every type of cell that exists is categorized on the basis of the absence or presence of the nucleus within its cell (categorized either as a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell.)
• Following are the important nucleus function:
• It contains the cell’s hereditary information and controls the cell’s growth and reproduction.
• The nucleus has been clearly explained as a membrane-bound structure that comprises the genetic material of a cell.
• It is not just a storage compartment for DNA but also happens to be the home of some important cellular processes.
• First and foremost, it is possible to duplicate one’s DNA in the nucleus.
• Producing two identical copies of the body or host is the first step in cell division, where every new cell will get its own set of instructions.
• Secondly, the nucleus is the site of transcription.
• Transcription creates different types of RNA from DNA
• Lysosomes:
• Lysosomes are small, spherical, sac-like structures that contain several digestive enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
• They help in the digestion of foreign substances and worn-out cell organelles.
• They provide protection against bacteria and viruses.
• They help to keep the cell clean.
• During the disturbance in cellular metabolism, for example, when the cell gets damaged, lysosomes may burst and the enzymes digest their own cell.
• Therefore, lysosomes are also known as suicide bags of a cell.

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• According to the scheme, breakfast will be provided to primary school children from 1^st to 5^th standard studying in Government schools on all school working days
• The scheme was launched by CM M K Stalin.
• The significant breakfast scheme has been rolled out after 102 years, when P. Theagaraya Chetty, the then President of the Corporation (Mayor) of the Justice Party approved the proposal to provide tiffin to students of a Corporation School at Thousand Lights.

Additional Information

• Andhra Pradesh 
• YSR Yantra Seva Scheme
• Under this project, CM YS Jagan Mohan Reddy has distributed tractors and combined harvesters.
• Kerala 
• ‘Vanikaran’ project
• This scheme was launched to restore natural vegetation.
• Himachal Pradesh
• Single-Use Plastic Buy-Back Scheme
• Under the Single-Use Plastic Buy Back Scheme, The Himachal Pradesh government would purchase single-use plastic items from students of schools and colleges

Given:

The number 253 - 753 + 503.

Calculation:

253 - 753 + 503

⇒ 15625 - 421875 + 125000

⇒ - 281250

∴ The required answer is - 281250.

Alternate MethodWe know that,

If a + b + c = 0, then a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc

a = 25, b = -75 and c = 50

a + b + c = 25 -75 +50 = 0

253 - 753 + 503 = 3 × 25 × -75 × 50 = -281250

Given:

11, 33, 99, 121 divide the required largest five-digit numbers.

Concept used:

If any number N is divisible by a set of numbers a, b, c, d, e then N is also divisible by LCM of a, b, c, d, and e

Calculation:

The largest five-digit number is 99999

LCM of 11, 33, 99, 121 = 1089

As we know by the concept,

1089 should divide by either 99999 or the five-digit number nearest to 99999

When we divide 99999 by 1089, we get Reminder = 900

99999 - 900 = 99099

99099 is divisible by 1089

∴ 99099 is the largest five-digit number which is divisible by 11, 33, 99, 121.

Given:

tan A = $\frac{2}{3}$

Calculation:

tan A = $\frac{2}{3}$

⇒ $\rm\frac{sinA}{cosA}$ = $\frac{2}{3}$

So, (5 sin2A - 2 cos2A) ÷ (15 sin2A + 3 cos2A) = (5 × 2² - 2 × 3²) ÷ (15 × 2² + 3 × 3²)

⇒ (5 × 4 - 2 × 9) ÷ (15 × 4 + 3 × 9)

⇒ (20 - 18) ÷ (60 + 27)

⇒ 2 ÷ 87

⇒ $\frac{2}{87}$

∴ The required answer is $\frac{2}{87}$.

Calculation:

Total production of X in 5 years = 13 + 15 + 12 + 14 + 11

⇒ 65

Average = 65/5

⇒ 13

Total production of Y in 5 years = 12 + 14 + 13 + 15 + 13

⇒ 67

Average = 67/5

⇒ 13.4

Total production of Z in 5 years = 14 + 13 + 15 + 12 + 15

⇒ 69

Average = 69/5

⇒ 13.8

∴ The requied answer is Z.

Shortcut Trick

Fourth Proportion (x) = (24 × 27) ÷ 12 = 2 × 27 = 54.

Third Proportion (54) = (36 × 36) ÷ A.

A = (36 × 36) ÷ 54 = (36 × 2) ÷ 3 = 12 × 2 = 24.

∴ The correct answer is 24.

Alternate Method

Given: Numbers for Fourth Proportion: 12, 24, 27. Numbers for Third Proportion: A, 36.

Formula Used: Fourth proportion to a, b, c is (b × c) ÷ a. Third proportion to a, b is b² ÷ a.

⇒ Let Fourth Proportion be x.

⇒ 12/24 = 27/x

⇒ x = (24 × 27) ÷ 12 = 54.

⇒ Third Proportion of A and 36 is given as x = 54.

⇒ 36² ÷ A = 54

⇒ A = (36 × 36) ÷ 54

⇒ A = 1296 ÷ 54 = 24.

∴ The correct answer is 24.

Additional Information

Fourth Proportion

If four quantities a, b, c, d are in proportion, then a/b = c/d. Here d is the fourth proportion (d = b × c / a).

Third Proportion

If three quantities a, b, c are in continued proportion, then a/b = b/c. Here c is the third proportion (c = b² / a).

Mean Proportion

The mean proportion between two numbers a and b is √(a × b).

Given:

tanθ + cotθ = 2

Formula Used:

Tan45° = 1

Cot45° = 1

Calculation:

According to the question,

tanθ + cotθ = 2

If we put θ = 45° in the above trigonometric equation, we get

⇒ tan45° + cot45° = 1 + 1 = 2

So,

tan2θ + cot2θ + 2 tan5θcot4 θ = 1² + 12 + 2 × 15 × 14

⇒ 1 + 1 + 2

⇒ 4

∴ The required answer is 4.

Shortcut Trick Scheme I: Net Discount = x + y − (xy/100) = 10 + 10 − (100/100) = 19% Scheme II: Net Discount = 15 + 5 − (15 × 5/100) = 20 − 0.75 = 19.25% Scheme III: Net Discount = 20% (Direct Single Discount) Comparing 19%, 19.25%, and 20%, the maximum is 20%. ∴ The correct answer is Only discount scheme III.

Alternate Method Given Discount Schemes: I. 10% and 10% successive II. 15% and 5% successive III. 20% flat

Calculations for Net Discount: ⇒ Scheme I: Net = [1 − (0.90 × 0.90)] × 100 = [1 − 0.81] × 100 = 19% ⇒ Scheme II: Net = [1 − (0.85 × 0.95)] × 100 = [1 − 0.8075] × 100 = 19.25% ⇒ Scheme III: Net = 20% ⇒ Since 20% > 19.25% > 19% ∴ The correct answer is Only discount scheme III.

Additional Information Successive Discount Formula For two successive discounts a% and b%, the equivalent single discount is (a + b − ab/100)%. Successive vs Flat Discount A single flat discount of (a+b)% is always greater than two successive discounts of a% and b% because the latter subtracts the factor (ab/100). Successive Percentage Change This concept is also used in population growth, depreciation, and compound interest calculations.

Given:

The lengths (in cm) of three sides of a triangle are, respectively, 48, 55 and 73.

Concept used:

Median of a right angle triangle = H/2

Here,

H = hypotenuse

Calculation:

48² + 55² 

⇒ 2304 + 3025

⇒ 5329

⇒ 73²

So, the triangle is a right-angle triangle

So, median = h/2 = 73/2

⇒ 36.5

∴ The required answer is 36.5 cm.

Calculation:

When 4567 is divided by 7

We get 3 as the remainder

So, the number which is divisible by 7 after 4567 = 4567 - 3 + 7

⇒ 4571

Required number = 4571 - 4567

⇒ 4

∴ The smallest number that should be added to 4567 so that the sum is divisible by 7 is 4.

Shortcut Trick

When a trader cheats by x% while buying and y% while selling, the net profit percentage is given by the successive percentage formula.

Net Profit % = x + y + (x × y) ÷ 100

Here, x = 12% and y = 12%.

Net Profit % = 12 + 12 + (12 × 12) ÷ 100 = 24 + 1.44 = 25.44%.

∴ The correct answer is 25.44%.

Alternate Method

Given: Cheating while buying = 12%, Cheating while selling = 12%.

Formula Used: Effective Percentage = a + b + (ab/100)

⇒ Let the original quantity be 100 units.

⇒ While buying, he takes 112 units instead of 100 units (12% cheat).

⇒ While selling, he gives only 88 units for the price of 100 units (12% cheat).

⇒ However, the standard banking/exam formula for 'cheating x% both ways' assumes successive increases on the transaction value.

⇒ Total Profit % = 12 + 12 + (12 × 12) ÷ 100

⇒ Total Profit % = 24 + 144 ÷ 100

⇒ Total Profit % = 24 + 1.44 = 25.44%

∴ The correct answer is 25.44%.

Additional Information

Dishonest Dealer Concept

A dealer makes a profit by using less weight than the actual weight. Profit % = (Error ÷ True Value − Error) × 100.

Successive Percentage Change

If a value is changed by a% and then by b%, the net change is given by [a + b + (ab/100)]%.

Marked Price and Discount

Profit % can also be calculated as (Markup % − Discount % − (Markup × Discount)/100). This helps in complex profit-loss problems.

Calculation:

Income from Bonus = 90

Income from Arrears = 200

Required % = (90/200) × 100

⇒ 45

∴ The required answer is 45%.

Calculation:

Total expenditure of Cement + Wood + Plastic = 57° + 40° + 55°

⇒ 152°

Required % = (152°/360°) × 100

⇒ 42.22%

∴ The required answer is 42.22%.

Calculation:

Option 1: 

RHS

(a – 1) (b – 1)

⇒ ab - a - b + 1 = LHS

Option 2:

RHS

(1 – a) (1 – b) (1 – a) (1 + b) 

⇒ (1 - b - a + ab) (1 – a) (1 + b)

⇒  (1 - a - b + ab - a + a² + ab - a²b) (1 + b)

⇒  (1 + b - a - ab - b - b² + ab + ab² - a - ab + a² + a²b + ab + ab² - a²b - a²b²) ≠ LHS

Option 3:

RHS

(1 – a) (b – 1)

⇒ b - 1 - ab + a ≠ LHS

Option 3:

RHS

(a – 1) (1 – b)

⇒ a - ab - 1 + b ≠ LHS

∴ The required answer is Option 1.

Given:

1002 - 992 + 982 - 972 + 962 - 952 + 942 - 932 + ................ 12 2- 112

Concept used:

We know some n number of consecutive term = n(n + 1)/2

Calculation:

1002 - 992 + 982 - 972 + 962 - 952 + 942 - 932 + ...... + 122 - 112

⇒ (1002 - 992) + (982 - 972) + (962 - 952) + (942 - 932) + ...... + (122 - 112)

⇒ (100 - 99)(100 + 99) + (98 - 97)(98 + 97) + (96 - 95)(96 + 95) + (94 - 93)(94 + 93) + ...... + (12 - 11)(12 + 11)

⇒ 1(100 + 99) + 1(98 + 97) + 1(96 + 95) + 1(94 + 93) + ...... + 1(12 + 11)

⇒ 100 + 99 + 98 + 97 + 96 + 95 + 94 + 93 + ...... + 12 + 11

Now,

[100(100 + 1)]/2 - [10(10 + 1)]/2

⇒ 50 × 101 - 5 × 11

⇒ 5050 - 55

⇒ 4995

∴ The required answer is 4995.

Shortcut Trick

Initial Income = 265, Expenditure = 205, Savings = 60 (Ratio 53 : 41 : 12).

Using weighted average: (Income % × Total) = (Exp % × Exp ratio) + (Savings % × Savings ratio).

12 × 53 = (6 × 41) + (x × 12)

636 = 246 + 12x ⇒ 12x = 390 ⇒ x = 32.5%.

∴ The correct answer is 32.5%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Initial Income (I₁) = $26,500

Initial Expenditure (E₁) = $20,500

Initial Savings (S₁) = I₁ − E₁ = 26,500 − 20,500 = $6,000

New Values:

⇒ New Income (I₂) = 26,500 + (12% of 26,500) = 26,500 + 3,180 = $29,680

⇒ New Expenditure (E₂) = 20,500 + (6% of 20,500) = 20,500 + 1,230 = $21,730

⇒ New Savings (S₂) = 29,680 − 21,730 = $7,950

Calculations:

⇒ Increase in Savings = 7,950 − 6,000 = $1,950

⇒ Percentage Increase = (1,950 ÷ 6,000) × 100

⇒ (195 ÷ 6) = 32.5%

∴ The correct answer is 32.5%.

Additional Information

Income-Expenditure Relationship

The fundamental relation is Income = Expenditure + Savings. Any change in two variables affects the third proportionally.

Percentage Change Formula

Percentage change = [(Final Value − Initial Value) ÷ Initial Value] × 100. This is used to track growth in savings or salary.

Successive Percentage

If income increases by x% and y% successively, the net change is [x + y + (xy/100)]%$.

Calculation:

Number of accountant after 2015 = 35

Number of accountant after 2016 = 35 + 26 - 16

⇒ 45

Number of accountant after 2017 = 45 + 15 - 5

⇒ 55

Number of accountant after 2018 = 55 + 20 - 38

⇒ 37

Number of accountant after 2019 = 37 + 14 - 24

⇒ 27

∴ The required answer is 27.

Concept used:

If the perimeter of the triangle is "p"

Let Total possible triangles "t"

If p = even, then

t = p²/48

If p = odd, then

t = (p + 3)²/48

Calculation:

According to the question,

Total possible triangles = (13 + 3)²/48

⇒ 5.33 ≈ 5

∴ Total possible triangles are 5.

Given:

A sum of money invested at simple interest becomes 17/10 of itself in 2 years and 6 months.

Concept used:

Simple interest = (Principle × time × rate)/100

Calculation:

Let the sum of money invested be a and rate of interest be r

Time of investment = 2 years 6 months = 2.5 years

So,

(a × r × 2.5)/100 = ar/40

According to the question,

Amount = (17/10) × Sum of money invested

⇒ (ar/40) + a = (17/10) × a

⇒ (r + 40)/40 = 17/10

⇒ r + 40 = 68

⇒ r = 28

So, rate = 28%

∴ The rate of interest per annum is 28%.

Given:

For hollow sphere,

Outer radius (r_o) = 4 cm.

Inner radius (r_i) = 1 cm.

Concept used:

Volume of hollow sphere

Volume of hollow sphere = 4/3π(r_o³ - r_i³)

Calculation:

Volume of hollow sphere = (4/3)π × (4³ - 1³)

⇒ (4/3)π × (64 - 1)

⇒ (4/3)π × 63

⇒ 84π

∴ The volume of the hollow sphere is 84π cm³.

Given:

A person travels from P to Q at a speed of 50 km/h and returns by increasing his speed by 60%.

Concept used:

Average speed = 2S₁S₂/(S₁ + S₂)

Here S1, S2 are the speed

Calculation:

Speed at time of returning = 50 × 160%

⇒ 80 km/h

Average speed = (2 × 50 × 80)/(50 + 80)

⇒ 8000/130

⇒ 61.53

∴ The average speed for both trips is 61.53 km/h.

Calculation:

Option 1:

Speed in m/sec = 20 m/sec

Speed in km/h = 20 × (18/5)

⇒ 72 km/h

Option 2:

Time = Distance/Speed

Option 3:

Speed = Distance/Time

So, we can say speed and time are inversely proportional, i.e. if the speed is more time taken will be less. So, a smaller time means a larger speed. I.e In order to cover a certain distance in a shorter time span, the object should have a greater speed.

Option 4:

Speed in m/sec = 24

Speed in km/h = 24 × (18/5)

⇒ 86.4 km/h

The speed of 99 km/h is greater than the speed of 24 m/s. 

So, all the option is correct except option 4

∴ The required answer is Option 4.

Given:

The internal bisectors of angle B and angle C intersect at an angle of 105°

Formula Used:

In an △ABC, if internal bisectors of angles B and C are joined at D, then

⇒ ∠BDC = 90° + ∠BAC/2

Calculation:

∠BOC = 105°

Internal bisectors of angles B and C are joined at O

∠BDC = 90° + ∠BAC/2

⇒ 105° = 90° + ∠BAC/2

⇒ 105° - 90° = ∠BAC/2

⇒ 15° = ∠BAC/2

⇒ ∠BAC = 30°

∴ The value of angle A is 30°.

Given:

cot2A - cos2A

Concept used:

cosec²θ - cot²θ = 1

Calculation:

cot2A - cos2A

⇒ $\rm \frac{cos^2A}{sin^2A} - cos^2A$ 

⇒ $\rm cos^2A(\frac{1}{sin^2A} - 1)$

⇒ cos²A(cosec²A - 1) 

⇒ cos2A.cot²A 

∴ The required answer is cos​2A. cot​2A.

Given:

The volume of the hemisphere is 19,404 cm3

Concept used:

The volume of a hemisphere = 2/3πr³

Here r = radius

Calculation:

According to the question,

2/3πr³ = 19404

⇒ 2/3 × 22/7 × r3 = 19404

⇒ 2/3 × 22/7 × r3 = 19404

⇒ r3 = 9261

⇒ r = 21

So, radius = 21 cm

∴ The radius of the hemisphere is 21 cm.

Given:

40 men can complete work in 15 days

Number of days 40 men worked = 3 days

20 new men are joined 

Concept used:

Work = time × efficiency

Calculation:

Let the efficiency of each man be 'm'.

Total work = 40 × m × 15 

⇒ 600m

Work done in 3 days = 40 × 3 × m

⇒ 120m

Remaining work = 600m - 120m = 480m

Let the number of days needed to complete the remaining work be N

So, 60 × N × m = 480m

⇒ N = 8

So, total time = 3 + 8

⇒ 11 days

∴ The total work will be completed in 11 days.

The correct answer is: They rise with the morning lark and labour till almost dark. 

Key Points

• Let us look at the meaning of the given prepositions.
• Till: Up to the point in time or the event mentioned.
• Utmost: The greatest or most extreme extent or amount.
• By: Used to identify the agent performing an action.
• Still: Used to say an action or situation continues to the present because it has not finished.
• The implied meaning of the sentence is: They get up with the morning lark and work until it's almost dark.
• So, as per the meaning of the given prepositions "till" should be used here.

​Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is: Himalayan blunder

Key Points

• 'Grave' is used as an adjective, 'too'. It can describe something serious, or of great importance.
• 'Error' means a mistake or the state or condition of being wrong in conduct or judgment.
• Let us look at the meaning of the given idioms to find out the most appropriate one.
• Raining cats and dogs: A heavy downpour, rain coming down very quickly and hard. (एक भारी मंदी, बारिश बहुत जल्दी और कठिन हो रही है)
• Minding one’s p’s and q’s: Practice good manners, and be precise and careful in one's behavior and speech. (अच्छे व्यवहार का अभ्यास करें, अपने व्यवहार और वाणी में सटीक और सावधान रहें)
• Picking holes in one’s coat: To criticize someone by pointing out the flaws in their work. (किसी के कार्य में दोष बताकर उसकी आलोचना करना)
• Himalayan blunder: A very serious mistake or error. (बहुत गंभीर गलती या त्रुटि)
• Therefore, from the meaning of the aforementioned idioms, it is clear that "Himalayan blunder" is the most appropriate idiom for "Grave error."

​Hence the correct answer is option 4.

Substituted sentence: He was sacked from his job because of a Himalayan blunder on his part.

The correct answer is: Careless** with** 

Key Points

• Collocation is the combination of words formed when two or more words are often used together in a way that sounds correct.
• Let us look at the meaning and use of the given prepositions.
• From: Used to refer to the place where someone or something starts or originates.
• Beside: Next to or at the side of.
• With: Used to indicate being together or being involved.
• Across: In a position reaching from one side to the other.
• On: Moving to a position that is supported by something.
• In the given sentence 'careless' is used as a verb. The verb 'care' is always followed by 'of', 'for', 'with' and 'about'.
• "Care with" means to be concerned about something very important.
• So, according to the options, only 'with' can be used with 'careless'.
• The implied meaning of the sentence is: The banker cautioned me not to use my ATM card carelessly.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

Complete sentence: The banker warned me not to be careless with my ATM card.

The correct answer is: Cowardice 

Key Points

• Valour: Great courage in the face of danger, especially in battle. (खतरे का सामना करने में महान साहस, विशेषकर युद्ध में)
• Let us look at the meaning of the words given in the options section.
• Forbearance: The quality of being patient and being able to forgive someone or control yourself in a difficult situation. (धैर्यवान होने और किसी को क्षमा करने या कठिन परिस्थिति में खुद को नियंत्रित करने में सक्षम होने का गुण)
• Erudition: The quality of having or showing great knowledge or learning; scholarship. (महान ज्ञान या सीखने की गुणवत्ता या होने की गुणवत्ता; छात्रवृत्ति)
• Cowardice: The behaviour of someone who is not at all brave and tries to avoid danger. (किसी ऐसे व्यक्ति का व्यवहार जो बिल्कुल भी बहादुर नहीं है और खतरे से बचने की कोशिश करता है)
• Idiosyncrasy: A mode of behaviour or way of thought peculiar to an individual. (किसी व्यक्ति के लिए विशिष्ट व्यवहार या विचार का तरीका)
• From the meaning of the given words, it is clear that the most appropriate antonym of 'Valour' is 'Cowardice'.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is: Donkey’s years

Key Points

• Let us look at the meaning of the given idioms.
• Donkey’s years: A very long time.
• Duck in the thunderstorm: Looking hopelessly sad and dejected.
• Die in harness: To die while still working or on duty or before retirement.
• Damocles’ sword: Any situation threatening imminent harm or disaster.
• So, as per the meaning of the given idioms "Donkey’s years" is the most appropriate option.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

Hinglish

• The idiomatic expression "donkey's years" is used in English to denote a very long time.
• The phrase originates from the idea that donkeys live a long time, and also from rhyming slang where "years" rhymes with "donkey ears."
• In Hindi, the closest expression may be "बहुत समय", meaning a lot of time, or "लंबे समय तक", meaning for a long time.
• Example: "I haven't seen you in donkey's years!"
• This means I haven't seen you for a very long time.
• In Hindi, you might express it like: "मुझे लगता है कि मैंने तुम्हें बहुत समय से नहीं देखा है!"
• This means I feel I haven't seen you for a very long time.

The correct answer is: Mausoleum

Key Points 

• Mausoleum: A stately or impressive building housing a tomb or group of tombs. (एक आलीशान या प्रभावशाली इमारत जिसमें एक मकबरा या मकबरों का समूह होता है)
• So, it is clear that 'Mausoleum' can be used as a one-word substitute for 'A very expensive and elaborately built tomb​'

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information 

• Cemetery: An area of ground in which dead bodies are buried. (जमीन का एक क्षेत्र जिसमें शवों को दफनाया जाता है)
• Mosque: A building for Islamic religious activities and worship. (इस्लामी धार्मिक गतिविधियों और पूजा के लिए एक इमारत)
• Masterpiece: A work of outstanding artistry, skill, or workmanship. (उत्कृष्ट कलात्मकता, कौशल या कारीगरी का काम)

The correct answer is: of the house was unclean 

Key Points

• The error lies in the subject-verb agreement.
• The basic rule states that a singular subject takes a singular verb while a plural subject takes a plural verb.
• Replace 'were' with 'was' to correct the sentence.
• When two or more singular nouns joined by ‘AND’ are preceded by ‘EACH’ and ‘EVERY’ the pronoun must be singular.
• For example- Every student and every teacher took his or her seat.
• So, 'was' should be used here.
• The meaning of "every nook and corner" is every place: everywhere: every part of the house.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Corrected sentence: Every nook and corner of the house was unclean.

The correct answer is: John said, "I am here to resolve this fight for you.” 

Key Points 

• The given sentence is an indirect speech and we need to convert it to a direct speech.
• When we change an indirect speech to a direct speech, we must follow these rules:
• The reporting verb "said" remains unchanged.
• The inverted commas ("...") are placed to show the indirect speech part.
• The comma (,) is added after the sentence covered in inverted commas in direct speech.
• The first word of the direct speech should be in capital letters.
• The past tense "was" in the indirect speech changes to the present tense "am".
• The conjunction "that" changes to "this" in the direct speech.
• The pronoun 'he' and 'them' changed to 'I' and 'you' in direct speech.

Thus, option 3 is the correct answer.

Hence, the direct speech is - John said, "I am here to resolve this fight for you.”

The correct answer is: Autocracy

Key Points 

• Tyranny: A state under a cruel and oppressive government. (एक क्रूर और दमनकारी सरकार के तहत एक राज्य)
• Let us look at the meaning of the given words.
• Autocracy: A state or society governed by one person with absolute power. (पूर्ण शक्ति वाले एक व्यक्ति द्वारा शासित राज्य या समाज)
• Compassion: A strong feeling of sympathy and sadness for the suffering or bad luck of others and a wish to help them. (दूसरों के दुख या दुर्भाग्य के लिए सहानुभूति और दुख की प्रबल भावना और उनकी मदद करने की इच्छा)
• Social: Relating to human society, the interaction of the individual and the group, or the welfare of human beings as members of society. (मानव समाज से संबंधित, व्यक्ति और समूह की बातचीत, या समाज के सदस्यों के रूप में मानव कल्याण)
• ​Discordance: The quality of sounding harsh and jarring because of a lack of harmony. (सामंजस्य की कमी के कारण कठोर और कर्कश लगने का गुण)
• ​According to the meaning of the given words "Autocracy" is the most appropriate synonym for "Tyranny."

​Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is: sericulture

Key Points

• Let us look at the appropriate definitions of the given words.
• Horticulture: The art or practice of garden cultivation and management. (बगीचे की खेती और प्रबंधन की कला या अभ्यास)
• Pisciculture: The controlled breeding and rearing of fish. (मछलियों का नियंत्रित प्रजनन और पालन)
• Agriculture: The science or practice of farming, including the cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products. (खेती का विज्ञान या अभ्यास, जिसमें बढ़ती फसलों के लिए मिट्टी की खेती और भोजन, ऊन और अन्य उत्पाद प्रदान करने के लिए जानवरों का पालन-पोषण शामिल है)
• Sericulture: The production of silk and the rearing of silkworms for this purpose. (इस उद्देश्य के लिए रेशम का उत्पादन और रेशम के कीड़ों का पालन)
• Apiculture: The scientific method of rearing honeybees. (मधुमक्खी पालन की वैज्ञानिक विधि)
• From the definitions of the given words, it is clear that the rearing of silkworms is called "Sericulture."

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

Corrected sentence: The rearing of silkworms is called sericulture.

The correct answer is: Thousands of people are expected to attend the memorial event. 

Key Points

• Most verbs have an active infinitive form, with or without ‘to’
• Most verbs also have a Passive Infinitive form which consists of the infinitive ‘be’, with or without ‘to’ + the –ed form of the verb.
• The Passive Infinitive is used when the focus is on the receiver of the action of the Verb.
• ‘Be’ is added after ‘To’ and the 3^rd form of the Verb is used for making a Passive Voice.
• The structure of the passive form: Object  + Is/ Are/ Am + To +Be + Verb (3^rd Form) + by + Subject.
• The structure of the active form: Subject + Is/ Are/ Am+ to + Verb (1^st Form) + Object.
• We use the Passive Infinitive For present or future actions happening to the subject.
• For example- My computer is expected to be repaired today.
• Rules of Conversion from Passive to Active Voice:
• Identify the subject, the verb, and the object.
• Change the object into the subject.
• Change the verb into the past participle form of the verb.
• Change the subject into an object.

​Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.

Correct Active Voice: Thousands of people are expected to attend the memorial event.