DSSSB TGT Natural Science Male - 29 Sept 2018 Shift 1 (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed is:

Firstly place 4 poles at 4 corners because every corner is common between 2 sides.

If we place poles at every corner then we need 35 poles on each side to make 37 poles in total on every sides.

(35 × 4) + 4 = 144 poles.

Shortcut Trick

If n is number of poles to be placed on each side then,

Total number of poles = (n - 2) × number of sides + number of corners.

The logic followed is:

The second number = (First number × 2) + 1 

Option 1 → 10 - 20

20 = 10 × 2 + 1

20 = 20 + 1

20 ≠ 21

Option 2 → 12 - 25 

25 = 12 × 2 + 1

25 = 24 + 1

25 = 25

Option 3 → 15 - 31 

31 = 15 × 2 + 1

31 = 30 + 1

31 = 31

Option 4 → 9 - 19

19 = 9 × 2 + 1

19 = 18 + 1

19 = 19

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

From the given diagram:

    

 

The shaded region denotes Doctors who are singers but not Americans i.e 4

Hence, the correct answer is "4".

Total number of books published by the company XYZ in 2016 - 17 = 12,462 

High school level education is published by XYZ in 2016 - 17 = 25% of Total Books

= (25 × 12,462)/100

= 12,462/4

= 3115.5

= 3115 (Approx)

Hence, "3115" is the correct answer.

Let the age of the son be x,

Age of Father = x + 25

After three years, according to question,

Age of Son = x + 3

Age of Father = 2(x + 3)

Now We understand that,

⇒ x + 25 + 3 = 2(x + 3)

⇒ x + 28 = 2x + 6

⇒ 2x - x = 28 - 6

⇒ x = 22 

∴ Age of the son is 22 years.

The logic followed is:

Decoding the information, 

 

Given the equation: 9 N 6 L 12 P 3 M 2

After replacing the signs from left to right and using the BODMAS rule,

9 × 6 + 12 ÷ 3 - 2

9 × 6 + 4 - 2

54 +4 - 2

58 - 2

56

Hence, the correct answer is "56".

The logic followed is:

Option 1 → Flaw: Defeat

Defeat means to prevent something from succeeding. An occasion when somebody fails to win or be successful against somebody else. And due to some lack, we get defeated. Similarly, a Flaw is a synonym for defeat or weakness.

Example- Security researchers are warning of a major new security flaw inside Intel processors, and it could defeat hardware-based encryption and DRM protections.

Option 2 → Vacant : Empty

Vacant and Empty are both synonyms.

Example: The hospital has no vacant beds.

Option 3 → Substitute : Allot

They both are different in meaning from each other.

Allot means to divide a share of work.

Substitute means replacing. to use something or someone instead of another thing or person. 

Option 4 → House : Home

House and Home are both synonyms.

Example: Try not to wake the whole house when you come in!

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

According to the English alphabet series and its positional value:

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, "WF" is the correct answer.

Baht is the currency of Thailand.

Similarly, we understand that the relationship is of currency to the country.

Yen is the currency of Japan.

Additional Information

The pattern follows here is;

One arrow is removed in each step.

So the next term is;

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

The embedded part of this image is:

Rotated the figure 90° anticlockwise;

Hence, option (1) is the correct answer.

All conditions are as follows;

Praveen doesn't follow any criteria.

So, he is not eligible for any position

Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.

The pattern follows here is;

The Image on the top left corner is inside the middle image and then the image in bottom right corner inside the top left corner image.

Similarly; 

The correct image is;

Hence, option (4) is the correct answer.

The given figure when unfolded is as follows:

Hence, option (1) is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is:

Given series:

The single line segment on the outer surface of the triangle is moving 45° clockwise in each step.

From Figures 1^st and 2^nd there is no change in the rotation of the triangle but from 3^rd to 4^th there is a rotation of 135º in a clockwise direction.

There is only one image that is an option 4, that satisfies the rotation in the correct manner. 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed is:

In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, roots, supporting branches, and leaves in most species.

As per the basic requirement for survival, the root is the most important part of the tree.

Option 1 - Insects:

It is not relevant to the tree. These are not the parts of the tree.

Option 2 - Roots

More importantly, roots are the lifeline of a plant, taking up air, water, and nutrients from the soil and moving them up into the leaves, where they can interact with sunlight to produce sugars, flavors, and energy for the plant.

Option 3 - Fruits

There are many trees that don't bear any fruits in their lifetime.

Option 4 - Flowers

Non-flowering plants are those that do not ever produce flowers. Some non-flowering plants, called gymnosperms, still produce seeds while others use spores for reproduction.

Hence, the correct answer is "Roots".

Preparing the family tree using the following symbol:

According to the given information,

Hence, Vahini is the niece of Vinita.

The correct answer is Option 2: go and help in saving the residents of the hut immediately and make an arrangement to help the victims

 

• Qualities Projected in this situation:  (Effective Intelligence, Self-confidence, Sense of responsibility, Courage, and Speed of decision making).

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

The pattern follows here is;

Hence, "89" is the correct answer.

Logic: Bottom figure is water image of the upper image.

Figure A: Water image of N

Figure B: Water Image of B

Figure C: Water image of Y

But in Figure: 

Figure D: Water image of M

Hence, option (4) is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Rahul Dravid.

• Rahul Dravid was the coach of the Indian team that won the 2018 ICC Under 19 cricket world cup title.

Key Points

• Rahul Dravid was extremely proud of the efforts of the Under-19 boys as they won the ICC U19 World Cup.
• The Indian colts defeated Australia by 8 wickets at Bay Oval to win their record 4^th world title.
• 2018 ICC Under 19 cricket world cup HIghlights
• India beat Australia to win U19 World Cup
• India won by 8 wickets.
• Rahul Dravid is the coach of India's U19 team.

​

  

• The 2022 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup is an international limited-overs cricket tournament that is scheduled to be held in the West Indies in 2022 with sixteen teams taking part.
• It will be the fourteenth edition of the Under-19 Cricket World Cup and the first to be held in the West Indies.

Additional Information

• Anil Kumble is an Indian cricket coach, captain, former cricketer, and commentator who played Tests and ODIs for 18 years.
• Widely regarded as one of the greatest bowlers in test cricket history.
• He is a right-arm leg-spin bowler.
• Virender Sehwag is a former Indian cricketer.
• Widely regarded as one of the most destructive batsmen of all time.
• Sehwag played as an aggressive right-handed opening batsman and also bowled part-time right-arm off-spin.
• Sanjay Bapusaheb Bangar is a former Indian cricketer.
• He was an all-rounder and had represented India in Tests and One Day Internationals.
• He was an Assistant Coach of the Indian cricket team for a consecutive period of over five years.

The correct answer is Skeleton.

• Skeleton is the frame of bones supporting a human or animal body.

Key Points

• The skeletal system provides a structural framework and supports the body.
• It is made up of 206 bones in an adult human.
• It comprises bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons that connect to bones and bones to muscles.
• The human skeletal system provides a definite shape to the body and protection to internal organs.
• At the time of birth, infants have more bones (300 bones), which due to fusion in some of the bones.
• Form larger bones and 206 bones remain in a human adult.

Additional Information

• Let us understand the meaning of the given words

The correct answer is Dam Construction.

• Dam Construction is not a method of soil conservation.

​

Key Points

• Some methods of soil conservation are:

Additional Information

• Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil, it is one form of soil degradation.
• This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents, that is, water, ice, snow, air, plants, animals, and humans.
• Factors that lead to soil degradation are deforestation, overgrazing, overuse of chemical fertilizers or pesticides, rain wash, landslides, and floods.

The correct answer is Viviparity.

• Viviparity is not shared by birds and mammals.

​

Key Points

• Similarities between Aves and Mammals are-
• Both are homeothermic (warm-blooded) animals they are able to maintain a constant body temperature.
• Both respire through the lungs.
• An endoskeleton made of bones is known as an ossified endoskeleton.
• Most organisms like bony fishes, mammals, birds, and reptiles have an endoskeleton made purely out of bones and cartilage.
• In Aves endoskeleton is fully ossified (bony) and long bones are hollow with air cavities.
• Both have a four-chambered heart.
• In both sexes are separate and fertilization is internal.

Additional Information

• Dissimilarities between Aves and Mammals are-

The correct answer is Making ice cream.

• Making ice cream is an example of physical change.

Key Points

• Any change to the physical properties of a substance is called a physical change.
• Physical properties include the size, shape, colour, and state (solid/liquid/gas) of a substance.
• Listed below are properties of physical change
• Physical change is a temporary change
• Only Physical properties are affected
• Its composition remains the same despite its molecules being rearranged
• ​Listed below are few examples of physical changes:
• ​Boiling of water
• Melting of wax​
• Freezing of water
• Sublimation of dry ice
• Crushing of paper​

Additional Information

• Digestion includes both mechanical and chemical processes.
• Mechanical digestion is a purely physical process that does not change the chemical nature of the food.
• Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion with methanogen or anaerobic organisms, which digest material inside a closed system, or fermentation of biodegradable materials.
• Ripening of fruits, such as bananas, is a chemical change.
• A number of changes take place during the ripening phase.
• The colour of the fruit changes, as does its texture.
• The fruit becomes soft with the breakdown of its constituents.

The correct answer is Article 105.

• Article 105 of the constitution, the matters relating to 'Parliamentary Privileges' are laid down.

Key Points

• Article 105 and Article 194 grant privileges or advantages to the members of the parliament so that they can perform their duties or can function properly without any hindrances.
• Such privileges are granted as they are needed for democratic functioning.
• These powers, privileges, and immunities should be defined by the law from time to time.
• These privileges are considered special provisions and have an overriding effect in conflict.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Rast Goftar.

• Rast Goftar journals were Dadabhai Naoroji associated with.

Key Points

• Rast Goftar was an Anglo-Gujarati paper operating in Bombay that was started in 1854 by Dadabhai Naoroji and Kharshedji Cama.
• And championed social reform among Parsis in Western India. 
• Language: English, Gujarati
• Founded: 1851
• Founder: Dadabhai Naoroji
• A riot between Parsis and Muslims concerning the printing of a picture of Mahomet in 1851 was an immediate cause of the founding of the paper.
• As the Riots in Bombay continued, the Parsis became frustrated with their leaders, and Dadabhai Naoroji started the paper with the purpose of voicing the grievances of the poor and middle class of his people.
• In 1857 the proprietors of Rast Goftar in Bombay converted their property into a joint-stock concern so that Nasarvanji Cama, who had financed the paper from the beginning, would not be the sole loss-bearer. K. R. Cama, Sorabji Shapoorji Bengalee, and Nowroji Fardonji all became proprietors.
• By the 1870s Rast Goftar was one of the four daily newspapers operating in Bombay, and it was not only vigorous in itself but was also the cause of vigor in other journals either by way of antagonism or support

Additional Information

• Prabuddha Bharata or Awakened India is an English-language monthly journal of the Ramakrishna Order, in publication since July 1896.
• Tehzeeb-ul-Ikhlaq was a journal published by the Muslim reformer Sir Syed Ahmed Khan between 1871 and 1897.
• The journal published alternative Muslim perspectives, written in plain language.

The correct answer is Article 324.

• Article 324 of the constitution of India empowers the Election Commission of India to conduct elections.

Key Points

• Article 324 provided for the appointment of an Election Commission to superintend, direct and control the elections.
• The Commission is an all-India body having jurisdiction over elections to Parliament, State Legislatures, offices of the President and Vice-President
• The constitution of one central body, the Election Commission, having control over the entire election process in the country, is done to prevent injustice, which could be done by regional, State Governments, discriminating against any section of the people in the matters relating to elections
• The Commission is constituted as an autonomous and independent body, with a view, to ensure the conduct of free and fair elections, which feature is held to be a basic structure of the Constitution.
• It has been said to be the most important arbitrator on holding the elections.

Additional Information

• The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India at the national, state, and district levels.
• The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, state Legislative Assemblies, state legislative councils, and the offices of the President and Vice President of the country.
• The Election Commission operates under the authority of the Constitution per Article 324 and subsequently enacted the Representation of the People Act.

The correct answer is the Philippines.

• The headquarters of the Asian Development Bank are in the Philippines.

Key Points

• The Asian Development Bank is a regional development bank established on 19 December 1966.
• Which is headquartered in the Ortigas Center located in the city of Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, Philippines.
• The company also maintains 31 field offices around the world to promote social and economic development in Asia.
• Headquarters: Mandaluyong, Philippines
• Founded: 19 December 1966
• Motto: ADB is committed to achieving a prosperous, inclusive, resilient, and sustainable Asia & the Pacific while sustaining its efforts to eradicate extreme poverty.
• Leader: Masatsugu Asakawa

Additional Information

The correct answer is 14 days.

Key Points

• The Constitution lays down a special procedure for the passing of money bills in Parliament-
• A money bill can only be introduced in the Lok Sabha and that too on the recommendation of the president.
• Every such bill is considered to be a government bill and can be introduced only by a minister.
• After a money bill is passed by the Lok Sabha, it is transmitted to the Rajya Sabha for its consideration.
• The Rajya Sabha has restricted powers with regard to a money bill.
• The Rajya Sabha cannot reject or amend a money bill. It can only make recommendations.
• It must return the bill to the Lok Sabha within 14 days, whether with or without recommendations.
• The Lok Sabha can either accept or reject all or any of the recommendations of the Rajya Sabha.

​

 

• ​Article 110 of the Constitution deals with the definition of money bills.
• If any question arises whether a bill is a money bill or not, the decision of the Speaker of the Lok Sabha is final.
• The decision of the Speaker of Lok Sabha in this regard cannot be questioned in any court of law or in the either House of Parliament or even the president.
• When a money bill is transmitted to the Rajya Sabha for recommendation and presented to the president for assent, the Speaker endorses it as a money bill.

The correct answer is For adoption by educational institutions.

Key Points

• The national calendar based on the Saka Era, with Chaitra as its first month and a normal year of 365 days was adopted from 22 March 1957 along with the Gregorian calendar for the following official purposes:
• Gazette of India.
• News broadcast by All India Radio.
• Calendars issued by the Government of India.
• Government communications addressed to the members of the public.
• Dates of the national calendar have a permanent correspondence with dates of the Gregorian calendar, 
• Chaitra falling on 22^nd March normally and
• On 21^st March in a leap year.

Additional Information

• Gregorian calendar, also called New Style calendar, solar dating system now in general use.
• It was proclaimed in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a reform of the Julian calendar.

The correct answer is 29^th August.

Key Points

• The National Sports Day is celebrated on 29 August, on the birth anniversary of hockey legend Major Dhyan Chand, who is regarded as the nation's greatest hockey player of all time.
• Popularly known as "The Wizard" for his magical touch, superb control, creativity, and extraordinary goal-scoring feats, Chand was instrumental in taking Indian hockey to greater heights under his talismanic leadership.
• The late hockey player had led India to three Olympic gold medals in the years – 1928, 1932, and 1936.
• On this day, the President of India honors eminent sports personalities with major awards including Khel Ratna, Arjuna Awards, Dronacharya Awards, and Dhyan Chand Awards.
• He was bestowed with India’s third-highest civilian honor, Padma Bhushan in 1956. Regarded as the greatest of all time, Chand also served in the Indian Army and brought laurels to the country.
• The Indian government over the years has launched many schemes related to sports on this day including the Khelo India scheme in 2018 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

Important Points

• India's highest Sports award Khel Ratna Award, which was named after former prime minister Rajiv Gandhi, was recently renamed as Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award in the honour of Hockey Wizard Dhyan Chand.
• This decision was taken following the admirable performance of both men's and women's hockey teams in the Tokyo Olympics.

The correct answer is Samsung.

Key Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi and visiting South Korea President Moon Jae-in has inaugurated a Samsung Electronics facility in Noida in Uttar Pradesh.
• The expanded factory is being billed as the world’s largest mobile phone production unit in terms of the number of devices rolled out every month.
• Samsung India also launched its ‘Make for the World’ initiative, whereby it aims to export mobile handsets produced in India, to overseas markets.
• With this new facility, Samsung doubled its current capacity for mobile phones in Noida from 68 million units a year to 120 million units a year, in a phase-wise expansion that will be completed by 2020.
• It is part of the Make in India Initiative to boost domestic manufacturing.

Additional Information

• Make in India initiative was launched on September 25, 2014, with the objective of
• facilitating investment,
• fostering innovation,
• building best in class manufacturing infrastructure,
• making it easy to do business, and
• enhancing skill development.
• The initiative is further aimed at creating a conducive environment for investment, modern and efficient infrastructure, opening up new sectors for foreign investment, and forging a partnership between government and industry through a positive mindset.

The correct answer is T → P → M → F → D.

Key Points

• The SI unit of length is a metre.
• When a larger distance is to be covered, we cannot use the metre.
• To cover a larger distance we use km(kilometre), hm (hectometre), and da (decametre). These are called the multiples of Metre.
• When the distance is smaller, we use Dm (decimetre, cm(centimetre) and mm (millimetre). These are called the **submultiples of Metre.**​

The correct answer is John Harrison.

Key Points

• Marine chronometers are precise, specialized clocks for finding longitude at sea.
• They serve as portable time standards.
• A marine chronometer is a precision timepiece that is carried on a ship and employed in the determination of the ship's position by celestial navigation.
• It is used to determine longitude by comparing Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) and the time at the current location found from observations of celestial bodies.
• When first developed in the 18^th century, it was a major technical achievement, as accurate knowledge of the time over a long sea voyage is necessary for navigation, lacking electronic or communications aids.
• The first true chronometer was the life work of one man, John Harrison, spanning 31 years of persistent experimentation and testing that revolutionized naval (and later aerial) navigation.

Additional Information

 

• Benjamin Franklin- 
• ​Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
• A polymath, he was a leading writer, printer, political philosopher, politician, Freemason, postmaster, scientist, inventor, humorist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat.
• Archimedes-
• Archimedes of Syracuse was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer.
• Blaise Pascal- 
• Blaise Pascal was a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, philosopher, writer, and Catholic theologian.​

The correct answer is Kakori conspiracy.

Key Points

• The Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) was formed by Bismil in 1923.
• The constitution for the HRA was drafted by Bismil in 1923 at Allahabad with the blessing of Lala Har Dayal.
• The main reason for the party’s formation was Mahatma Gandhi’s decision to call off the non-cooperation movement in 1922 because of the Chauri Chaura incident.
• The organisation conducted many robberies and raids in an attempt to raise funds to acquire arms and ammunition.
• The most famous incident was the Kakori conspiracy. This occurred on 9^th August 1925.
• Members of the party looted a train carrying government money near Lucknow.
• The robbery was planned by Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan.
• It was executed by Bismil, Khan, Chandrashekhar Azad, Rajendra Lahiri, Shachindra Bakshi, Keshab Chakravarty, Murari Lal Khanna(Gupta), Banwari Lal, Mukundi Lal Gupta and Manmathnath Gupta.
• After the incident, the revolutionaries fled to Lucknow. 40 people were arrested during the trial.
• Chandrashekhar Azad who could not be captured reorganized the HRA and ran the organization till 1931.
• Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Rajendra Lahiri, and Thakur Roshan Singh were eventually hanged by the government in 1927 for their involvement.

Additional Information

• Delhi conspiracy case-
• It was organized by the Indian revolutionary underground in Bengal and Punjab.
• It was headed by Ras Bihari Bose to assassinate the then Viceroy of India, Lord Hardinge.
• Basant Kumar Biswas, Amir Chand, and Avadh Behari were convicted and executed in the trial of this Delhi Conspiracy Case.
• Alipore bomb case-
• In 1908 a revolutionary conspiracy was to kill the Chief Presi dency  Magistrate D.H. Kingsford of Muzaffarpur.
• The task was conspired by Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki.
• They threw the bombs on a vehicle coming out of the magistrate’s home on April 30, 1908.
• The magistrate could not be killed as he was not in the vehicle, but two British ladies were killed in the attack.
• Ghadar conspiracy-
• ​The Ghadar Mutiny also known as the Ghadar Conspiracy, was a plan to initiate a pan-Indian mutiny in the British Indian Army in February 1915 to end the British Raj in India.
• The plot originated at the onset of World War I, between the Ghadar Party in the United States, the Berlin Committee in Germany, the Indian revolutionary underground in British India, and the German Foreign Office through the consulate in San Francisco.

The correct answer is It cannot take place while the house is sitting.

Key Points

• Prorogation not only terminates a sitting but also a session of the House.

• The presiding officer (Speaker or Chairman) declares the House adjourned sine die when the business of a session is completed. Within the next few days, the President issues a notification for the prorogation of the session.

• It also does not affect the bills or any other business pending before the House.

• However, all pending notices (other than those for introducing bills) lapse on prorogation and fresh notices have to be given for the next session.

• In Britain, prorogation brings to an end all bills or any other business pending before the House.

Additional Information

• Under the Constitution, the Parliament of India consists of three parts viz,
• the President,
• the Council of States, and
• the House of the People.
• In 1954, the Hindi names ‘Rajya Sabha’ and ‘Lok Sabha’ were adopted by the Council of States and the House of People respectively.
• The Rajya Sabha represents the states and union territories of the Indian Union, while the Lok Sabha represents the people of India as a whole.
• Composition of Lok Sabha-
• The maximum strength of the Lok Sabha is fixed at 550.
• The current strength of Lok Sabha is 543, out of which 530 members represent the states and 13 represent the UTs.

The correct answer is the marketing of consumer products.

Key Points

• Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is the National Standard Body of India.
• BIS is responsible for the harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking, and quality certification of goods and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
• The activities of BIS can be broadly grouped under the following heads:
• Standards formulation
• International activities
• Product Certification
• Hallmarking
• Laboratory services
• Training services - National Institute of Training for Standardisation
• Consumer Affairs and Publicity

Additional Information

• The Bureau of Indian Standards is working under the aegis of the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution, Government of India.
• It is established by the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 which came into effect on 23^rd December 1986.
• BIS has its Headquarters in New Delhi.

The correct answer is an unrestricted public exhibition - but with a word of caution that discretion required for children below 12 years.

Key Points

• Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) is a statutory body under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.
• It is responsible for regulating the public exhibition of films under the provisions of the Cinematograph Act 1952.
• Films can be publicly exhibited in India only after they have been certified by the Central Board of Film Certification.
• The Board consists of non-official members and a Chairman (all of whom are appointed by Central Government).
• Its headquarters at Mumbai.
• The Certification process is in accordance with The Cinematograph Act, 1952, The Cinematograph (Certification) Rules, 1983, and the guidelines issued by the Central government u/s 5 (B)-

​

The correct answer is the U.S.A.

Key Points

• Thomas Edison was an American inventor who is considered one of America's leading businessmen and innovators.
• Edison rose from humble beginnings to work as an inventor of major technology, including the first commercially viable incandescent light bulb.​
• He is credited today for helping to build America's economy during the Industrial Revolution.
• He developed many devices in fields such as electric power generation, mass communication, sound recording, and motion pictures.
• These inventions, which include the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and early versions of the electric light bulb, have had a widespread impact on the modern industrialized world.
• Thomas Edison

​

Given:

A and B together can complete work = 24 days

B and C together can complete work = 30 days

C and A together can complete work = 40 days

Formula used:

Work done = Time × Efficiency

Calculation:

Let total work be LCM (24, 30 and 40) = 120

A and B efficiency = 120/24 = 5

B and C efficiency = 120/30 = 4

C and A efficiency = 120/40 = 3

A, B and C efficiency = (5 + 4 + 3)/2 = 6

C's efficeiecy = 6 - 5 = 1

60% of the work completed in

(120/1) × (60/100) = 72 hours

∴ C will complete 60% of the work in 72 hours.

Given:

$\frac{{85.2 × 85.2; × 85.2 - 75.2 × 75.2 × 75.2}}{{8.52 × 8.52 + 7.52 × 7.52 + 8.52 × 7.52;}}$

Formula used:

a³ - b³ = (a - b)(a² + b² + ab)

Calculation:

$\frac{{85.2 × 85.2; × 85.2 - 75.2 × 75.2 × 75.2}}{{8.52 × 8.52 + 7.52 × 7.52 + 8.52 × 7.52;}}$

⇒ $\frac{{85.2^3 - 75.2^3}}{{8.52^2 + 7.52^2 + 8.52 × 7.52;}}$

⇒ $\frac{{(85.2 - 75.2)(85.2^2 + 75.2^2 + 85.2 × 75.2)}}{\frac{1}{100}({85.2^2 + 75.2^2 + 85.2 × 75.2)}}$

⇒ 100 × (85.2 - 75.2)

⇒ 100 × 10 = 1000

∴ The correct answer is 1000.

Mistake Points 

(8.52 × 8.52 + 7.52 × 7.52 + 8.52 × 7.52) = (1/100)(85.2 × 85.2 + 75.2 × 75.2 + 85.2 × 75.2)

Given:

Cost price = Rs. 400 + Rs. 110 = Rs. 510

Discount = 15%

Profit = 25%

Formula used:

Marked Price(MP) = Selling Price(SP) +  Discount

SP = Cost Price(CP) × (100 +  profit%)/100

Calculation:

According to the question = Rs. 510

SP = 510 × (125/100) = Rs. 637.5

Let marked price be 100%

S.P = 100 - 15 = 85%

85% = 637.5

⇒ 100% = 637.5 × (100/85)

⇒ 100% = Rs. 750

∴ The marked price will be Rs. 750.

Given:

$\frac{{{{\left[ {3 - 48 \div \left( { - 4 \times 3} \right)} \right]}^2}+[4 - (\sqrt[3]{125}) \times 3]}}{{{4^2} + \left( {3 \times \sqrt {121} - 6} \right) \div 3}}$

Concept used:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

$\frac{{{{\left[ {3 - 48 \div \left( { - 4 \times 3} \right)} \right]}^2}+[4 - (\sqrt[3]{125}) \times 3]}}{{{4^2} + \left( {3 \times \sqrt {121} - 6} \right) \div 3}}$

⇒ $\frac{{{{\left[ {3 - 48 \div \left( { - 12} \right)} \right]}^2}+[4 - 5 \times 3]}}{{{16} + \left( {3 \times 11 - 6} \right) \div 3}}$

⇒ $\frac{{{{\left[ {3 + 4 } \right]}^2}+[4 - 15]}}{{{16} + \left( {3 3 - 6} \right) \div 3}}$

⇒ $\frac{{{{ { } }} 49-11}}{{{16} + {27} \div 3}}$

⇒ $\frac{{{{ { } }} 38}}{{{16} + 9}}$ = $\frac{38}{25}$

∴ The correct answer is $\frac{38}{25}$

Given:

The present value of the machine is Rs. 5800

1^st year depreciate value = 10%

2^nd year depreciate value = 12%

3^rd year depreciate value = 15%

Formula used:

Decreased value = Initial value × (100 - decrease%)/100

Calculation:

Value of machine after 1 year

5800 × 90/100 = Rs. 5220

Value of machine after 2 year

5220 × 88/100 = Rs.4593.6

Value of machine after 3 year

4593.6 × 85/100 = Rs. 3904.56 ≈ Rs. 3905

∴ The value of the machine after 3 years is Rs. 3905

Given:

Speed of 40% = 12 km/h

Speed for remaining distance = 8 km/h

Formula used:

Speed = Distance/Time

Average speed = Total Distance/Total Time

Calculation:

Let the distance be x km

Speed at which 0.4xkm distance covered = 12km/h

Time = 0.4x/12 = x/30 hours

Speed at which 0.6xkm distance covered = 8 km/h

Time = 0.6x/8 = 3x/40 hours

Total time = x/30 + 3x/40 = (4x + 9x)/120 = 13x/120 hours

Average speed = $\frac{x}{\frac{13x}{120}}$ = 120/13 = 9.2 km/h

∴ The average speed is 9.2 km/h

Given:

Pipe A and B can fill the tank = 6 hours

Formula used:

Work done = Time × Efficiency

Calculation:

Let pipe B can fill the tank in x hours

Pipe A will take x - 5 hours

Now

1/x + 1/(x - 5) = 1/6

⇒ 6(x - 5 + x) = x² - 5x

⇒ 12x - 30 = x² - 5x

⇒ x² - 17x + 30 = 0

⇒ x² - 15x - 2x + 30 = 0

⇒ x(x - 15) - 2(x - 15) = 0

⇒ (x -15)(x - 2) = 0

x = 15 and x = 2

If x = 2, A = - 3 and time cannot be negative

So x = 15 hours

∴ B will fill the tank in 15 hours.

Alternate Method

Formula used:

When two pipes can fill the tanks individually in x and y hours then together they can fill the tank in (xy)/(x + y)

Calculation:

Here let time taken by B be x and A be (x - 5) hours

By using the above formula we'll get

{x × (x - 5)}/(x + x - 5) = 6

⇒ x² - 5x = 12x - 30

⇒ x2 - 17x = -30

⇒ x(x - 17) = -30

From the given options 15 will satisfy the given equation 

15 × (15 - 17) = -30

Here, L.H.S = R.H.S

∴ B will fill the tank in 15 hours.

Given:

HCF = 25

Sum of two number = 750

Concept used:

If the number is 25a and 25b, then a and b will be co-prime number

Calculation:

Let the number be 25a and 25b

25a + 25b = 750

⇒ 25(a + b) = 750

⇒ a + b = 30

Now, lets find out co-prime pair whose sum is 30

(1, 29), (7, 23), (11, 19) and  (13, 17)

∴ There will be 4 possible pairs.

Given:

The ratio of the speed of the boat in still water and speed of the stream = 8 : 3

The boat cover 10 km upstream

The boat cover 5.5 km  downstream 

Total time = 2 hour

Formula used:

Downstream = speed of the boat + speed of the stream

Upstream = speed of the boat - speed of the stream

Calculation:

Let the speed of boat and speed of stream be 8x km/h and 3x km/h respectively

So,

Speed in upstream

10/(8x - 3x) = 2/x hours

Speed in downstream

5.5/(8x + 3x) = 5.5/11x = 1/2x hours

Now,

(2/x) + (1/2x) = 2

⇒ (4 + 1)/2x = 2

⇒ x = 5/4 = 1.25 km/h

Downstream speed = 11 × 1.25 = 13.75 km/h

∴ The speed of the boat in downstream is 13.75 km/h

Given:

Selling Price(SP) = Rs. 2250

Loss = 1/10 of Cost Price(CP)

Formula used:

SP = CP × (100 ± Profit/Loss)/100

Concept used:

If loss is 1/5 of CP

Then SP = (5 -1)/5 = 4/5 of CP

Calculation:

According to the question

Loss = 1/10

SP = 9/10 of CP

⇒ CP = 2250 × 10/9 = Rs. 2500

SP if profit is 16%

SP = 2500 × (116/100) = Rs. 2900

∴ The selling price with profit 16% if Rs. 2900.

Shortcut Trick

Use the weighted average formula to find the overall pass percentage directly.

Total Pass % = (Boys % × Boys Pass Rate + Girls % × Girls Pass Rate) ÷ 100

Total Pass % = (40 × 40 + 60 × 60) ÷ 100

Total Pass % = (1600 + 3600) ÷ 100 = 5200 ÷ 100 = 52%

∴ The correct answer is 52%.

Alternate Method

Given:

⇒ Boys in class = 40%

⇒ Girls in class = 100% − 40% = 60%

⇒ Pass rate among boys = 40%

⇒ Pass rate among girls = 60%

Formula Used:

Number of Passed Students = (Pass % × Total Students) ÷ 100

Calculations:

Let the total number of students in the class be 100.

⇒ Total Boys = 40

⇒ Total Girls = 60

⇒ Boys who passed = 40% of 40 = (40 × 40) ÷ 100 = 16

⇒ Girls who passed = 60% of 60 = (60 × 60) ÷ 100 = 36

⇒ Total students passed = 16 + 36 = 52

⇒ Passed percentage = (52 ÷ 100) × 100 = 52%

∴ The correct answer is 52%.

Additional Information

Weighted Average

When groups of different sizes have different averages, the combined average is calculated as (n₁A₁ + n₂A₂) ÷ (n₁ + n₂).

Percentage Basics

x% of y is calculated as (x × y) ÷ 100. It is always helpful to assume the total base as 100 for easy calculation.

Ratio Method

The ratio of boys to girls here is 40:60 or 2:3. Total pass percentage = (2 × 40 + 3 × 60) ÷ (2 + 3) = (80 + 180) ÷ 5 = 260 ÷ 5 = 52%.

Given:

$\frac{1}{4}$ money at 8% rate of interest

$\frac{2}{5}$ money at 9% rate of interest

Rate of interest for remaining = 10%

Total interest = Rs. 13650

Time = 2 years

Formula used:

Simple interest = $\frac{P × r × t}{100}$

Where P is principal

t is Time

r is Rate of Interest

Calculation:

Let principal be LCM of 4 and 5 = 20x

$\frac{1}{4}$ of principal = 5x

Interest = $\frac{5x × 8 × 2}{100}$ = 0.8x

$\frac{2}{5}$ of principal = 8x

Interest = $\frac{8x × 9 × 2}{100}$ = 1.44x

Remaining at 10% 20x - (5x + 8x) = 7x

Interest = $\frac{7x × 10 × 2}{100}$ = 1.4x

Total interest

0.8x + 1.44x + 1.4x = 13650

⇒ 3.64x = 13650

⇒ x = 3750

Principal = 20 × 3750 = Rs. 75000

∴ The principal will be Rs. 75000.

Given:

The smallest 5 digit number divided by 15, 18, 24 and 14 leaves remainders respectively 5, 8, 14 and 4

Concept:

The least number which when divided by a, b and c leaves the remainder p, q and r respectively, is given by = LCM of (a, b, c) – N

Where, N = (a – p) = (b – q) = (c – r)

Calculation:

According to the question

15 - 5 = 10

18 - 8 = 10

24 = 14 = 10

14 - 4 = 10

LCM of 15, 18, 24 and 14

15 =  3 × 5

18 = 2 × 3 × 3

24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3

14 = 2 × 7

LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 7 = 2520

Smallest 5 digit number = 10000

Smalest 5 digit number divisible by 2520 = 10080

The number is 10080 - 10 = 10070

Sum of the digit = 1 + 0 + 0 + 7 + 0 = 8

∴ Sum of the digit is 8.

Given:

The radius(r) of the solid cone = 5 cm

The height(h) of the solid cone = 14 cm

The radius(R) of the wire = 1 mm

Formula used:

Volume of the solid cylinder = πr2 h

Where, r = Radius of the solid cylinder, h = height of the solid cylinder

The volume of the cone = 1/3 × πR2H

Where R and H are the radii and the height of the cone respectively.

1 milimetre(mm) = 1/10 centimeter (cm)

1 cm = 100 meter

Calculation:

Let the length of the wire be H cm

According to the question:

The radius of wire in cm = 1/10 cm

Volume of the solid cylinder = Volume of the cone

⇒ πr2 h = 1/3 × πR2H

⇒ (1/10)² × H = (5)² × 14/3

⇒ H = 25 × 14 × 100/3

⇒ H = 35000/3 cm

Length in meter = (35000/3 × 100) = 350/3 m

∴ The length of the wire is 350/3 m.

Given:

a : b = 3 : 5

b : c = 6 : 7

Concept used:

Calculation:

Applying the above concept

a : b = 3 : 5

b : c = 6 : 7

a : b : c = 3 × 6 : 5 × 6 : 5 × 7

⇒ a : b : c = 18 : 30 : 35

The ratio of 2a : 3b : 5c

 2 × 18 : 3 × 30 : 5 × 35

⇒ 36 : 90 : 175

∴ The ratio of 2a : 3b : 5c is 36 : 90 : 175

Given:

Radius of circle = 14 cm

Central angle = 60°

Formula used:

Area of minor segment = $πr^2 × \frac{θ}{360°} - \frac{1}{2}r^2sinθ$

where r is the radius

and θ is the angle of the segment

Sin 60° = $\frac{\sqrt3}{2}$

Calculation:

According to the question,

Area of segment = $\frac{22}{7} × 14^2 × \frac{60°}{360°} - \frac{1}{2} × 14^2sin60°$

⇒ $22× 28× \frac{1}{6} - 98× \frac{\sqrt3}{2}$

⇒ 102.67 - 49 × 1.73

⇒ 102.67 - 84.87 = 17.79 ≈ 17.8 cm2

∴ The area of minor segment is 17.8 cm2

Alternate Method

Given:

Radius of circle = 14 cm

Central angle = 60°

Formula used:

Area of the circle = πr2

Area of sector = $πr^2 × \frac{θ}{360°}$ 

Calculation:

According to the diagram,

Area of the circle = πr2

⇒ 22/7 × (14)2 = 616 cm2

Area of the sector AOB = $πr^2 × \frac{θ}{360°}$

⇒ $\frac{22}{7} × 14^2 × \frac{60°}{360°}$

⇒ 616 × 1/6 = 102.67 cm2

Area of Δ AOB = $\frac{\sqrt3}{4} \times (AO)^2$

⇒ Area of the minor segment = Area of the sector AOB - Area of Δ AOB

⇒ 102.67 - 84.87 = 17.79 ≈ 17.8 cm2

∴ The area of minor segment is 17.8 cm2

Given- 

Ratio of Spirit and Water in vessel A = 5 : 2

Ratio of Spirit and Water in vessel B = 8 : 3

Concept Used-

If A and B are mixed in ratio of x : y, then part of A in Mixture = x/(x + y) 

Calculation-

Part of Spirit and Water in vessel A = 5/7 and 2/7

Part of Spirit and Water in vessel B = 8/11 and 3/11

If Vessel A and Vessel B are mixed in ratio of 7 : 11 then,

Part of Spirit and Water in vessel A = 7 × 5/7 and 7 × 2/7

⇒ 5 and 2

Part of Spirit and Water in vessel B = 11 × 8/11 and 11 × 3/11

⇒ 8 and 3

Total Spirit = 8 + 5 = 13

Total Water = 2 + 3 = 5

Ratio of spirit and water in the new mixture = 13 : 5 

Now, 

18 units = 360

1 units = 360/18 = 20 

13 units = 20 × 13 = 260

And 5 units = 20 × 5 = 100

Let x ml water should be added.

According to the question:

260/(100 + x) = 5/3

⇒ 100 + x = 156

⇒ x = 56 ml

∴ 56 ml water should be added so that the mixture contains spirit and water in the ratio 5 : 3.

Calculation:

Total number of Boys studying

117 + 477 + 93 + 102 + 219 + 72 = 1080

Total number of Girls studying

168 + 535 + 152 + 143 + 231 + 121 = 1350

Total number of students

1808 + 1350 = 2430

Total number of students in state E

219 + 231 = 450

Now

2430 = 360°

⇒ 450 = 360° × (450/2430)

⇒ 66.67 ≈ 67°

∴ Central angle for state E is 67°

Formula used:

Percentage = (Part value/Whole value) × 100

Calculation:

Total number of Boys studying

117 + 477 + 93 + 102 + 219 + 72 = 1080

Total number of Girls studying

168 + 535 + 152 + 143 + 231 + 121 = 1350

Total number of students

1808 + 1350 = 2430

Percetage of girls = (1350/2430) × 100 =  55.55% ≈ 55.6**%**

∴ The correct answer is option 2.

Calculation:

Total number of student in state A

117 + 168 = 285

Ratio of girls to total student in state is

168/285 = 0.589

Total number of student in state B

477 + 535 = 1012

Ratio of girls to total student in state is

535/1012 = 0.528

Total number of student in state C

93 + 152 = 245

Ratio of girls to total student in state is

152/245 = 0.62

Total number of student in state D

102 + 142 = 244

Ratio of girls to total student in state is

142/244 = 0.581

Total number of student in state E

219 + 231 = 450

Ratio of girls to total student in state is

231/450 = 0.513

Total number of student in state F

72 + 121 = 193

Ratio of girls to total student in state is

121/193 = 0.626

∴ State F is the correct answer

The correct answer is 'from'.

Key Points

• The preposition 'from' is used as a function word to indicate physical separation or an act or condition of removal, abstention, exclusion, release, subtraction, or differentiation
• Example: In sunscreen, SPF helps to block your skin from the sun’s radiation.
• Thus, 'from' will be used in the blank.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'The office excused her from coming to work.'

Additional Information

• Preposition: Prepositions are the words that express a relation of a preceding word to another. Some common prepositions are 'of', 'in', 'from', etc.
• In: The preposition 'In' is used to express the situation of something that is or appears to be enclosed or surrounded by something else.
• Example: I live in Rajasthan.
• Of: The preposition 'of' is used to indicate an association between two entities, typically one of belonging.
• Example: He is the son of my friend.

The correct answer is 'Effort'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the meaning of the given word and the marked word.
• Exertion: physical or mental effort.
• Example: The exertion of running a mile triggered John’s asthma.
• Effort: strenuous physical or mental exertion.
• Example: It takes a lot of thought and effort and downright determination to be agreeable.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, we can say that both 'Exertion' and 'Effort' are synonyms to each other.
• Therefore the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• Let's explore the meaning of other options:

 

The correct answer is  'ABDC'.

Key Points

• Sentence A comes first as it introduces the subject i.e. 'latest count'.
• Sentence B follows A as it mentions the place and thing in question as to where and what is being counted.
• Sentence D follows B as it mentions the recent year count.
• Sentence C follows D as it mentions the reason of decreasing count of Rhinos in Kaziranga National Park.
• Thus, the sequence becomes:
• A: according to the latest count​
• B: Kaziranga National Park 2413 rhinos
• D: and this year, so far, at least five
• C:  Have fallen to poachers

Therefore, the correct sequence is: ABDC.

Additional Information

• Poachers:  someone who catches and kills animals illegally:

The correct answer is 'Malignant'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the meaning of the given option and the marked word.
• Benign: gentle and kindly.
• Example: The medicine is benign in its effects and will cause you no harm.
• Malignant: evil in nature, influence, or effect.
• Example: Kim is having a biopsy today to see if the lump in her breast is malignant.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, we can say that both 'Benign' and 'Malignant' are antonyms to each other.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• Let's explore the meaning of other options:

 

The correct answer is 'in,in'.

Key Points

• A preposition is a word generally a very small and common word that shows the direction (to in "a letter to you"), location (at in "at the door"), or time (by in "by noon"), or that introduces an object (of in "a basket of apples").
• The preposition 'in' used as a function word to indicate inclusion, location, or position within limits.
• Example: I live in Hyderabad.
• The preposition 'at' is used as a function word to indicate presence or occurrence in, on, or near.
• Example: He is staying at a hotel.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, it is clear that the preposition 'in' will be used in both the blanks.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'He was injured in the left arm in the accident.'

The correct answer is 'hadn't eaten'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is an example of the third conditional sentence.
• The third conditional sentence is used to look back at a past situation and its outcome and imagines them as different. It is the only conditional structure that talks about the past rather than the present or future. It is used in three cases- 'To express regrets', 'to give criticism and feedback' or 'to reflect on the past'.
• Example: 
• If I had studied, I would have passed the exam. (imagined past)
• I didn’t study. I didn’t pass the exam. (reality)
• Structure:
• If+ past perfect, would have+ third form of the verb.
• Thus, 'hadn't eaten' will be used in the blank.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'If she hadn't eaten so much last night, she wouldn't have been so sick.'

Additional Information

• Conditional sentences: Conditional sentences are used to express conditions on which something happens. It contains a conditional clause and a main clause which expresses the effect of the condition.
• Types of conditional sentences:

 

The correct answer is 'Earnestly'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the meaning of the given word and the marked word.
• Heartily: In a cordial manner; with warmth and sincerity:
• Example: She greeted us heartily.
• Earnestly: Showing or expressing sincerity or seriousness.
• Example: I earnestly advised him to cooperate.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, we can say that both 'Heartily' and 'Earnestly' are synonyms to each other.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• Let's explore the meaning of other options:

 

The correct answer is 'which jump', i.e. the error lies in this phrase.

Key Points

• The error lies in the incorrect usage of the relative pronoun 'which'.
• 'Which' needs to be replaced with 'who'.
• The pronoun 'which' is used to refer to things such as inanimate objects, whereas the pronoun 'who' is used to refer to people or sometimes animals.
• Therefore, 'who' will be used in place of 'which' in the sentence.

The correct sentence is: Traffic policemen often stand in shade after a red light to stop and fine the motorists or motorcyclists who jump the red light.

Additional Information

• Pronoun: Pronouns are words that can substitute a noun or a noun phrase in a sentence.
• Types of pronouns:
• Indefinite pronoun: They are used to refer to one or more unspecified objects, beings, or places, such as someone, anybody, nothing. These are 'somebody', 'anybody', 'whichever', 'whoever', etc.
• Personal pronoun: Personal pronouns are always specific and are often used to replace a proper noun (someone’s name) or a collective group of people or things. These are 'you', 'they', etc.
• Reflexive pronouns: They are preceded by the adverb, adjective, pronoun, or noun to which they refer, and ending in –self or –selves. Reflexive pronouns are used to refer back to the subject or clause of a sentence. These are 'Myself', 'Yourself',etc.
• Demonstrative pronoun: They are used to point to something specific within a sentence. There are only four demonstrative pronouns – this, that, these, those.
• Possessive pronouns: They are used to designate possession or ownership. Examples include: mine, its, hers, his, yours, ours, theirs, whose.
• Relative pronouns: They are the words which refer to nouns mentioned previously, acting to introduce an adjective (relative) clause. They will usually appear after a noun to help clarify the sentence or give extra information.
• Interrogative Pronouns: They are used to introduce a question. Examples include: who, whom, whose, what, which.

The correct answer is 'but'.

Key Points

• The conjunction 'but' is used to introduce a phrase or clause that is in contrast with what has already been mentioned.
• Thus, 'but' will be used in the blank as the context of the sentence is explaining that despite being only six years old, Aavya plays chess like an adult.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct sentence is: Aavya is only six years old but she plays chess like an adult.

Additional Information

• Conjunction: Conjunctions are words that are used to connect words, phrases, clause or sentences.
• Types of conjunction:
• Subordinate conjunction: These conjunctions are used to connect a dependent clause with an independent clause. These are 'although', 'after', 'so that', etc.
• Coordinate conjunction: They are used to join two or more sentences, main clauses, words, or other parts of speech which are of the same syntactic importance. These are 'for', 'and', 'not', 'but', 'or', 'yet' and 'so'. They can be remembered by their acronym FANBOYS.
• Correlative conjunction: These conjunctions correlate, working in pairs to join phrases or words that carry equal importance within a sentence. They are 'not only....but also', 'either...or', 'neither.....nor'.

The correct answer is 'Covering'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the meaning of the given options:
• Attending: be present at (an event, meeting, or function).
• Example: Kevin wasn’t at home at the time the package was delivered because he was attending a mandatory conference.
• Covering: a thing used to cover something else, typically in order to protect or conceal it.
• Example: The teenager tried covering her acne with makeup, but the pimples could still be seen.
• Shutting: move (something) into position so as to block an opening; close.
• Example:  He closed the few rain-doors, shutting out the light.
• Hiding: the action of concealing someone or something.
• Example: The refugees evaded capture by hiding in the forest.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, it is clear that 'covering' will be used in the blank.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: Covering food will protect it from flies.

The correct answer is 'Relaxing'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the meaning of the given word and the marked word.
• Hectic:  Characterized by intense activity, confusion, or haste:
• Example: Candace’s life became hectic after she learned she had to plan a wedding in two days.
• Relaxing: make or become less tense or anxious.
• Example: Acupuncture treatment is gentle, painless, and, invariably, most relaxing.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, we can say that both 'Hectic' and 'Relaxing' are antonyms to each other.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information

• Let's explore the meaning of other options:

 

The correct answer is 'attempt'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the meaning of the given options:
• Attack: take aggressive action against (a place or enemy forces) with weapons or armed force, typically in a battle or war. (हथियारों या सशस्त्र बल के साथ (एक जगह या दुश्मन सेना) के खिलाफ आक्रामक कार्रवाई करना, आमतौर पर युद्ध में)
• Example: Though alligators don’t usually attack people, they will act violently when provoked.
• Shot: kill or wound (a person or animal) with a bullet or arrow. (गोली या तीर से मारना या घायल करना (किसी व्यक्ति या जानवर को))
• Example: The troops were exercising with live ammunition when a soldier was accidentally shot in the leg.
• Challenge: a task or situation that tests someone's abilities. (एक कार्य या स्थिति जो किसी की क्षमताओं का परीक्षण करती है)
• Example: To a mountaineer, it is the challenge of pushing physical resources to the limit by striving to achieve a demanding goal.
• Attempt: an act of trying to achieve something, typically one that is unsuccessful or not certain to succeed. (कुछ हासिल करने की कोशिश करने का एक कार्य, आमतौर पर ऐसा जो असफल होता है या सफल होने के लिए निश्चित नहीं होता है)
• Example: Gray did not attempt to answer him.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, it is clear that 'attempt' will be used in the blank.

​

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'The first attempt to use drones in Kaziranga National Park was made in 2013.'

The correct answer is 'so that'.

Key Points

• The subordinate conjunctions are used to connect a dependent clause with an independent clause. These are 'so that', 'although', 'even if','whether or not', 'in case' etc.
• The conjunction 'so that' is is used before the clause which indicates the purpose.
• ​Example: We left a message with her secretary so that she would know we have come.
• The conjunction 'even if' is used to stress that something will happen despite something else that might prevent it. 
• ​Example: I'm going to the party even if it rains.
• The conjunction 'whether' is used to express a doubt or choice between alternatives and it is generally succeeded by 'or' or 'or not'.
• ​Example: I'm going whether you like it or not
• The conjunction 'in case' is used in three cases- 'in order to be prepared for something that may happen' , 'used for explaining why you are doing something', or 'to express a condition'.
• Example:
• Take an umbrella in case it rains.
• In case you were wondering, I’m here to see your brother, not you.
• In case you can’t come, give me a call before I leave for work.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, it is clear that 'so that' will be used in the blank.

Therefore, the correct answer is: She started cooking early in the morning so that the food would be ready before the guests arrived.