AFCAT 24 Feb 2015 Official Paper (Previous Year Paper)

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 4 i.e. winter.

• The passage is based on rearing of polar bears.
• The very first sentence of the passage mentions, "In spring, polar bear mothers emerge from dens with three months old cubs*.*"
• As per the sentence, the mother 'emerges with 3 month old cubs;' this means that she has given birth prior to spring, which is, in winter.

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• Ideally, one would select option 1 as it is clearly mentioned in the passage; however, it is also mentioned about 3 month old cubs emerging in spring.
  

Therefore, option 4 is the correct answer.

Explanation 

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The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Lets the cubs fend for themselves.

• The passage speaks of rearing of polar bears.
• There are many statements mentioned as such: "...most persistent stands to gain an extra meal at the expense of others," and "smallest of the cubs forfeits many meals to stronger siblings..."
• These statements clearly mention the independence of the polar bears having to fend for their own food. It is much easier if they are stronger ones among the rest of the siblings.

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• Another clear statement mentioning the mother bear is, "Females are protective of their cubs but tend to ignore family rivalry over food."
• The above statement, clearly mentions the female bear letting go of the protective nature, when it comes to rivalry over food.
  

Therefore, the correct option is 2.

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Neither I nor II.

• The passage is based on the rearing of polar bears.
• Additionally, statements I and II are not explicitly mentioned in the passage.

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• Although, the first line of the passage speaks of polar bears fasting for 'eight months', however, it does not speak of it being due to non-availability of the prey.
• Secondly, the passage mentions about triplets generally being better at survival, however, it does not mention that polar bears give birth to only triplets.
  

Therefore, as per option 4, none of the assumptions are true.

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 1 i.e. possibly.

• The passage generally seems to speak of entertainment broadcasting.
• The word 'possibly' indicates a possibility or likeliness of something occurring.
• Sentence (6) indicates that if visuals of faraway places is an advantage of travel shows, then it would not be possible to know about these places.
• In this case, 'possibly' indicates the possibility of not having viewed these places, if travels shows were not made.
• The other options, do not fit the blank grammatically and therefore need to be eliminated.
  

Therefore, the sentence reads: "...many viewers would not possibly (6) see."

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 1 i.e. glimpses.

• The passage generally seems to speak of entertainment broadcasting.
• Sentence (5) speaks about the reach of travel programmes in bringing visuals of foreign places on the TV screen.
• The word 'glimpses' means a momentary or partial view. It suits the blank the best, as it speaks of a momentary views of different places.
• Also, glimpses is a better word to describe looking at places or pictures etc. One can glimpse even through 'pictures,' 'portraits,' or 'images.' It is an overall term and therefore, more suitable.
  

Therefore the sentence reads: "One of the advantages of travel programmes is the glimpses (5) of faraway places..."

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 3 i.e. comfort.

• The passage generally seems to speak of entertainment broadcasting.
• A phrase that is generally used to describe being at home is 'in / at / from comfort of one's home.'
• This also translates to being comfortable at home or from the convenience of one's home.
• In sentence (4), it relates to the fact that films and shows could be conveniently be viewed from one's home, rather than having to go out and watch them.
• Additionally, the sentence provides the preceding phrase 'in the' which is generally used with the word 'comfort' in this context.
  

Therefore, the sentence would read: "Films could be viewed in the comfort (4) of the home and a variety of shows are also available."

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 4 i.e. in.

• The passage generally seems to speak of entertainment broadcasting.
• 'In question' is a generally used phrase. It refers to something being considered or discussed.
• Here, the thing 'in question' i.e. what is being discussed, is the scene that is broadcast and the movement of the figures.
  

Therefore, the sentence reads, "...actually see the scene in (3) question and the movement of the figures."

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 1 i.e. can.

• The passage generally seems to speak of entertainment broadcasting.
• Sentence (2) refers to news broadcast is actually viewed by people almost immediately. This is expressed with the use of the word 'can.'
• 'Can' refers to to describe the possibility that something is happening.
• In this case, 'can' is the best fit because it describes the possibility of being able to see figures and movements, which incites more responses from the people.

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• Also, the sentence is in present tense form. This can be referred from the words 'becomes.' Can is used for present tense generally.
  

Therefore, the sentence would read, "A news broadcast becomes more immediate when people can (2) actually see the scene..."

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 2 i.e. popular.

• The passage generally seems to speak of entertainment broadcasting.
• The sentence (1) refers to the word 'popular.' It describes the use of television as 'rapid.'

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• The word 'rapid' can therefore be complemented with the word 'popular,' as a growing use of television would not mean it is boring (option 1), hated (option 2), or annoying (option 3).
  

Therefore, the sentence would read, "As home entertainment, television is rapidly becoming more popular (1) than any other form."

The correct answer is unbending.

 

Key Points

• Intransigent refers to being unwilling or refusing to change one's views or to agree about something. (अनिच्छुक होना या किसी के विचारों को बदलने से इनकार करना या किसी बात पर सहमत होना)
• It is also synonymous to unwillingness, stubborn etc.

 

• Let us take a look at what the options mean:​

1. Authoritative: able to be trusted as being accurate or true. (सटीक या सत्य होने पर भरोसा करने में सक्षम)
2. Impersonal: not influenced by, showing, or involving personal feelings. (व्यक्तिगत भावनाओं से प्रभावित, दिखाना या शामिल नहीं करना)
3. Strenuous: requiring or using great effort or exertion. (बहुत प्रयास या परिश्रम की आवश्यकता या उपयोग करना)
4. Unbending: reserved, formal, or strict in one's behavior or attitudes and inflexible. (आरक्षित, औपचारिक, या किसी के व्यवहार या व्यवहार में सख्त और अनम्य)

• From the above words, it is clear that 'unbending' is similar to 'intransigent'. These two words have a lot of common meanings and synonyms and can be used interchangeably. They are generally used in terms of one being unchanging, inflexible, or rigid.
• Therefore 'unbending' is nearest to the word 'intransigent.'

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 3 i.e. frighten.

 

• Intimidate refers to frighten or overawe (someone), especially in order to make them do what one wants.
• It is also synonymous to terrify, scare, etc.

 

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Let us take a look at what the options mean:​

1. Mislead: cause (someone) to have a wrong idea or impression.
2. Misplace: position incorrectly.
3. Frighten: make (someone) afraid or anxious.
4. Dismay: concern and distress caused by something unexpected.
   

From the above words, it is clear that 'frighten' is similar to 'intimidate.' These two words have a lot of common meaning and synonyms and can be used interchangeably. They are generally used in terms of scaring or bossing someone.

 

Therefore 'intimidate' is nearest to the word 'frighten'

Explanation

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. occasional.

 

• Sporadic refers to occurring at irregular intervals or only in a few places.
• It is also synonymous to infrequent, occasional, periodic etc.

 

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Let us take a look at what the options mean:​

1. Epidemic: a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.
2. Whirling: characterized by rapid movement round and round.
3. Occasional: occurring, appearing, or done infrequently and irregularly.
4. Stagnant: showing no activity.
   

From the above words, it is clear that 'occasional' is similar to 'sporadic.' These two words have a lot of common meaning and synonyms and can be used interchangeably.

 

Therefore 'occasional' is nearest to the word 'Sporadic'

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 2 i.e. beginning.

 

• Genesis refers to the origin or mode of formation of something.
• It is also synonymous to beginning, commencement, etc.

 

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Let us take a look at what the options mean:​

1. Style: a particular procedure by which something is done; a manner or way.
2. Beginning: the first part or earliest stage of something.
3. Movement: an act of moving.
4. Relevant: closely connected or appropriate to what is being done or considered.
   

From the above words, it is clear that 'genesis' is similar to 'beginning.' The other options do not nearly resemble the similarity with genesis.

 

Therefore 'genesis' is nearest to the word 'beginning'

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 1 i.e. kind.

 

• Malevolent refers to having or showing a wish to do evil to others.
• It is also synonymous to maligning, or cruelty.

 

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Let us take a look at what the options mean:​

1. Kind: having or showing a friendly, generous, and considerate nature.
2. Vacuous: having or showing a lack of thought or intelligence.
3. Ambivalent: having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone.
4. Primitive: not developed or derived from anything else.

 

From the above words, it is clear that 'kind' is opposite to 'malevolent;' since kind refers to a harmonious, friendly nature as compared to malevolence, that focuses on sabotaging others.

 

Therefore 'Malevolent' is opposite to the word 'kind'

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 2 i.e. celestial.

 

• Purgatory refers to a place or state of temporary suffering or misery.
• It is a place or state of punishment wherein the souls of those who die may make satisfaction for past sins and so become fit for heaven​.

 

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Let us take a look at what the options mean:​

1. Reward: a thing given in recognition of service, effort, or achievement.
2. Celestial: belonging or relating to heaven.
3. Flawless: without any imperfections or defects.
4. Proximity: nearness in space, time, or relationship.

 

From the above words, it is clear that 'purgatory' is opposite to 'celestial;' since purgatory refers to a more harsh form suffering, most likely synonymous to 'hell' based on it's origins. Meanwhile, 'celestial' is a more belonging and nicer, referring to heavenly places.

 

Therefore 'celestial' is opposite to the word 'purgatory'

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. punishment.

Key Points:- 

• Clemency refers to mercy or leniency. (दया या उदारता को दर्शाता है।)
• It would also simply refer to compassion, forgiveness etc. (यह केवल करुणा, क्षमा आदि का भी उल्लेख करेगा।)​
• From the above words, it is clear that 'punishment' is opposite to 'clemency;' since punishment refers to a more harsh form of behavior towards someone whereas clemency refers to the lenient reaction or even mercy shown towards people.

 

Therefore 'clemency' is opposite to the word 'punishment'.

Additional Information​

• Let us take a look at what the options mean:​-
• Punishment: Rough treatment or handling. (असभ्य​ इलाज या हैंडलिंग।)
• Intolerance: unwillingness to accept views, beliefs, or behavior that differ from one's own. (विचारों, विश्वासों या व्यवहार को स्वीकार करने की अनिच्छा जो किसी के स्वयं से भिन्न हो।)
• Compromise: An agreement or settlement of a dispute. (एक विवाद का एक समझौता या समझौता।)
• Sensibility: the quality of being able to appreciate and respond to complex emotional or aesthetic influences or sensitivity. (जटिल भावनात्मक या सौंदर्य प्रभावों या संवेदनशीलता की सराहना और प्रतिक्रिया करने में सक्षम होने की गुणवत्ता।)

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. Bully.

Key Points:- 

• Cajole refers to trying to persuade someone to do something by saying things that please the person or make the person feel important. (किसी को कुछ करने के लिए राजी करने की कोशिश करने का मतलब है जो व्यक्ति को खुश करता है या व्यक्ति को महत्वपूर्ण महसूस कराता है।)
• It would also simply refer to flattery or complimenting for one's gains. (
• यह केवल चापलूसी या किसी के लाभ के लिए प्रशंसा करना भी होगा।)
• From the above words, it is clear that bully is opposite to 'cajole;' since cajole refers to a more impressive form of persuasion, whereas bullying may need to take an aggressive stance in persuasion or getting the work done.
  

​Therefore 'cajole' is opposite to the word 'Bully'.

Additional Information​

• Let us take a look at what the options mean:​-
• Nestle: settle or lie comfortably within or against something. (किसी चीज के भीतर या आराम से बैठें या लेटें।)
• Secede: withdrawal from part of a larger group or organization. (एक बड़े समूह या संगठन के हिस्से से वापसी।)
• Bully: a person who habitually seeks to harm or intimidate those whom they perceive as vulnerable. ( वह व्यक्ति जो आदतन उन लोगों को नुकसान पहुंचाना या डराना चाहता है जिन्हें वे कमजोर समझते हैं।)
• Moisten: to wet slightly. (थोड़ा गीला करने के लिए।)

The correct answer is - Option (3) i.e. ‘In prosperity and adversity’

Key Points

• In weal and woe: In prosperity and adversity (Both in times of happiness and success and in times of sadness and difficulty)
  

For eg: Dean is a devoted friend, you can count on him to be there in weal and woe.

• By hook or crook: Using any method possible
  

For eg: We’ll get there by hook or by crook.

• Sickness: During illness (illness, disease, disorder, ailment)
  

For eg: She was absent through sickness.

• During operations: Something is in continuous form
  

For eg: I make sure to focus during operations.

Additional Information

• Prosperity: Prosperity is the flourishing, thriving, good fortune and successful social status
  

For eg: A long period of peace and prosperity.

• Adversity: A state or instance of serious or continued difficulty or misfortune
  

For eg: She was always cheerful in adversity.

So, the Correct sentence is- In prosperity and adversity.

The correct answer is - Option (4) i.e ‘People who travel around the world’

Key Points

• Globetrotters: A person who travels widely.
  

For eg: Your uncle the globetrotter might be famous in your family for giving lengthy slideshows of photos from his travels.

• Rebellious: A person who stays against the global philosophy. 
  

For eg: Jonesy is the rebellious type, always choosing to challenge authority instead of following the rules.

• Betrayal: People indulging in treachery (‘Treachery’ is trickery, cheating, and deceit)
  

For eg: The betrayal by the king by his daughter.

• Intelligence:  Intelligent minds (the ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills)
  

For eg: An eminent man of great intelligence.

So, the Correct sentence is- People who travel around the world.

Key Points

• A curtain lecture is an idiom which means 'an instance of a wife scolding her husband in private.​​
• “Curtain” refers to the drapery on canopied beds; the image is that of a wife giving hubby a piece of her mind in the privacy of their bedroom.
• An example for it's use is: The husband seemed to have a curtain lecture at home.
• The correct answer is option 3 i.e. Private scolding of a husband by his wife.

Therefore, option 3 best defined the given phrase.

Here the correct answer is People in the unsuitable jobs.

Key Points

• Square pegs in round roles refers to a person who doesn't fit into societies norm. (एक ऐसे व्यक्ति को संदर्भित करते हैं जो समाजों के मानदंडों में फिट नहीं होता है।)
• In other words, finding yourself in a situation or job that doesn't suit you. (दूसरे शब्दों में, अपने आप को ऐसी स्थिति या नौकरी में खोजना जो आपको शोभा नहीं देता।)
• It is also used as 'round peg in a square hole.​
• Therefore, option 3 best defined the given phrase.

The correct spelling is option 1 i.e. Equanimity.

Key Points 

• Equanimity refers to calmness and composure, especially in a difficult situation. (शांत और संयम के लिए, विशेष रूप से कठिन परिस्थिति में)
• An example of the same is: She listens to friends' stories with intentness and equanimity.

The correct spelling is Veterinary.

Key Points

• Veterinary refers to relating to the diseases, injuries, and treatment of farm and domestic animals.
• An example of the same is: The veterinary clinic was a lifelong dream he had attained.

The correct spelling is option 3 i.e. Connoisseur.

Key Points 

• 'Connoisseur' is an expert judge in matters of taste. (स्वाद के मामलों में एक विशेषज्ञ न्यायाधीश।)
• An example of the same is: He was a well-known connoisseur of art.

The correct spelling is option 3 i.e. Munificent.

Key Points

• Munificent means characterized by or displaying great generosity.
• An example of the same is: A former student has donated a munificent sum of money to the college.

Key Points

• An idiom is a phrase, saying, or a group of words that has a metaphorical (not literal) meaning, which has become accepted in common usage.
• In a jiffy refers to immediately, very quickly, or at once.
• It can also be said as 'in a flash', therefore, option 2 is the most appropriate as it means 'suddenly.'
• The expression in a jiffy was in use as early as 1780. It is a colloquial English expression for “in a short amount of time.” One suggestion is that it comes from British thieves' slang for “lightning,” hence very fast.
• An example of a sentence is: I told my mom that I was going to the store and would be back in a jiffy.
• The correct answer is option 2 i.e. suddenly.

Therefore, option 2 best defines the given idiom.

Explanation

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The correct answer is option 1 i.e. completely.

• An idiom is a phrase, saying or a group of words that has a metaphorical (not literal) meaning, which has become accepted in common usage.
• Up to the hilt refers to completely or to the maximum degree. Also can be understood as 'fully,' or 'entirely.'
• An example of a sentence is: She's up to the hilt in trouble. 
  

Therefore, option 1 best defines the given idiom.

Key Points

• An idiom is a phrase, saying, or a group of words that has a metaphorical (not literal) meaning, which has become accepted in common usage.
• Man of letters is someone who is an expert in the arts and literature, and often a writer too.
• It can also be considered as someone who is a scholar.
• An example of a sentence is: John was a man of letters and an amateur philosopher.
• The correct answer is option 4 i.e. A literary person.

Therefore, option 4 best defines the given idiom.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. composure.

Key Points 

• An idiom is a phrase, saying, or a group of words that has a metaphorical (not literal) meaning, which has become accepted in common usage.
• Sangfroid refers to a state of composure or coolness shown in danger or under trying circumstances. (खतरे में या कोशिश की परिस्थितियों में दिखाए गए शांतता या ठंडक की स्थिति के लिए)
• An example of a sentence is: They showed great sangfroid in dealing with the fire.

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Therefore, option 1 best defines the given idiom.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e Nigeria.

• Nigeria has been declared Ebola-free by the WHO (World Health Organisation).
• Ebola virus disease in Nigeria were reported in 2014.
• Nigerian drama thriller film 93 Days tells the story of the successful containment of the Ebola outbreak.
• Ebola virus is an RNA Virus.
• The word Ebola means Black River.
• The disease was first identified in 1976, in two simultaneous outbreaks: one in South Sudan and the other in the Republic of the Congo.
• The medicine approved by WHO against Ebola: ZMapp.
• The Ebola affected African Countries are Nigeria, Guinea, Liberia, Senegal, and Sierra Leone.
• Senegal was the first country to declare Ebola Free by WHO.
• Liberia, Guinea, Sierra Leone declared Ebola Free in 2016.
• In July 2019, the World Health Organization declared the Congo Ebola outbreak a world health emergency.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e 11.

• India won 11 Gold medals in the Incheon Asian Games held in Oct 2014.
• The host city for 2014 Asian games: Incheon, South Korea.
• Motto: Diversity Shines Here.
• Mascot: Three Spotted seal siblings.
• The final medal tally was led by China with151 Golds.
• Sardar Singh was the Indian Flag bearer during the opening ceremony.
• Jitu Rai wins India's first gold medal.
• The host city for 2018 Asian games: Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia.
• Motto: Energy of Asia
• Mascot: Bhin Bhin, Atung, and Kaka.
• The final medal tally was led by China with132 Golds.
• India won 16 Gold medals in the Incheon Asian Games held in Oct 2014.
• Neeraj Chopra was the Indian flag bearer for the opening ceremony.
• Rani Rampal was the Indian flag bearer for the closing ceremony.
• Bajrang Punia wins India's first gold medal.
• The 2022 Asian Games will be held in Hangzhou, China.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e T. V. Somanathan.

• Rajiv Mehrishi served as the Finance Secretary of India(2014-2015).
• He is the current Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
• Current Vice-Chairman of the United Nations Panel of External Auditors.
• Ajay Bhushan Pandey is the current Finance Secretary of India.
• T. V. Somanathan is the incumbent Finance Secretary.

 

The correct answer is option 4 i.e Nirbhay.

Key Points

• Nirbhay is India’s first long range subsonic cruise missile.
• Nirbhay was designed and developed in India by the Aeronautical Development Establishment under, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
• The surface version of Nirbhay missile was test fired for the first time on 12 March 2013.
• Nirbhay project technically closed after completing six developmental trials.

 

The correct answer is option 1 i.e Cytology 

• Branch of science that studies cells is called Cytology.
• All living organisms are made up of cells.
• The cell was discovered in 1665.
• The first cells from an organism were observed by Robert Hooke.

Different Branches of Study:

The correct answer is option 4 i.e Twenty one.

• Twenty-one Vice-Presidents are elected at the start of each regular session of the UN General Assembly.
• Election of the Vice-Presidents is mentioned in rules 30-37 of the Rules of procedure of the General Assembly.
• The United Nations General Assembly is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN).
• The UN General Assembly is the only UN organ wherein all member states have equal representation.
• The United Nations (UN) is the largest intergovernmental organisation that aims to maintain international peace and security.
• Established on 24 October 1945.
• The main organs of the UN are:

1. The General Assembly.
2. The Security Council.
3. The Economic and Social Council.
4. The Trusteeship Council.
5. The International Court of Justice.
6. The UN Secretariat.

• Headquarters of UN: New York, New York, United States.
• Current Secretary‑General: Antonio Guterres.
• Current General Assembly President: Tijjani Muhammad Bande.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan.

• The Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award in India.
• Bharat Ratna was instituted on 2^nd January 1954.
• The first recipients of the Bharat Ratna were: Rajagopalachari, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, and C. V. Raman.
• Bharat Ratna’ has been awarded to only two foreigners so far namely Nelson Mandela and Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan.
• Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan is widely known as "Frontier Gandhi"
• Lal Bahadur Shastri became the first individual to be honoured posthumously.
• Sachin Tendulkar is the first sportsperson to be conferred the Bharat Ratna.
• The first singer to be awarded Bharat Ratna was M. S. Subbulakshmi.
• Last awarded in 2019 to Nanaji Deshmukh (posthumously), Bhupen Hazarika (posthumously), and Pranab Mukherjee.

 

The correct answer is option 1 i.e Scattering.

• Sir C V Raman was an Indian physicist.
• He discovered the Raman effect on 28^th February 1928.
• Raman effect is associated with the Scattering of light.
• February 28 is celebrated by the Government of India as the National Science Day every year in commemoration of the discovery of Raman effect.
• Raman effect earned him the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics.

 

The correct answer is Manila.

• The Asian Development Bank(ADB) was established on 19 December 1966.
• The aim of the ADB is to promote social and economic development in Asia.
• ADB is an official United Nations Observer.
• Headquarters: Manila, Philippines.
• Current President of ADB is Masatsugu Asakawa.
• Rural Roads Sector II Investment Program is a notable project signed with the Indian government.

Additional Information

The correct answer is option 1 i.e Submarine-launched Ballistic Missile (SLBM).

• K-15 is the code name of missile Sagarika.
• This missile designed for retaliatory nuclear strikes.
• The K-15 is a two-stage submarine-launched ballistic missile.
• Manufacturer: Defence Research and Development Organisation.
• The missile has a range of around 750 Kilometres.
• The missile was fully operationalised in August 2018.
• Agni-V is an Inter Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) in India developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation.
• Agni-II is a Medium Range Ballistic Missile (MRBM) in India developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation.
• Agni-I is a Short Range Ballistic Missile (SRBM) developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation of India.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e UNCCT.

• UNCCT is an acronym for United Nations Counter-Terrorism Centre.
• UNCCT aims to strengthen Member States’ capacities to prevent the cross-border movement of terrorists.
• In 2014, India agreed to UN chief Ban Ki-moon's offer to remain a member of the advisory board of a UN Centre on counter-terrorism for an additional three years.
• The Executive Director of the UNCCT is Mr. Vladimir Voronkov.
• Dr. Jehangir Khan is the Director of the UNCCT.

 

The correct answer is option 1 i.e ​One-horned Rhinos.

Key Points

• Kaziranga National Park is located at Assam, India.
• Designated with National Park status in 1968.
• Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985.
• Kaziranga National Park hosts two-thirds of the world's great one-horned rhinoceroses.
• Kanha National Park in Madhya Pradesh is famous for Swamp Dears (Barasingha).
• Periyar National Park in Kerala is famous for Elephants.
• Sunderbans National Park in West Bengal is famous for The Royal Bengal Tiger.
• Gir National Park in Gujarat is famous for the Lions.
• Rann of Kutch Wild Ass Sanctuary in Gujarat is famous for Wild Ass.

The correct answer is K D Jadhav.

• K D Jadhav was India's first athlete from independent India to win an individual medal in the Olympics.
• Jadhav won a bronze medal in wrestling at the 1952 Helsinki Olympics.
• India first sent a team to the Summer Olympic Games in 1920.
• India got the first gold medal in 1928 in Field hockey (Team event).
• First Indian to win an individual gold medal at the Olympic Games: Abhinav Bindra.

Additional Information

The correct answer is option 2 i.e M A Ansari.

 Key Points

• M.A Ansari was an Indian nationalist and political leader.
• M A Ansari was the Congress President at Madras Session of 1927 when it boycotted the Simon Commission.​
• He served as the president of the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League during the Indian Independence Movement.
• In 1927, The British government appointed the Simon Commission to review the Government of India Act 1919.
• The Simon commission arrived in British India in 1928.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e Ashoka became a zealous Buddhist.

Key Points

• Ashoka was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty.
• Ashoka was also known as Devanam Priyadasi.
• Ashoka invaded Kalinga in 261 B.C, In Kalinga War.
• After witnessing the mass deaths of the Kalinga War he decided to end the invasions and himself converted to Buddhism.
• Ashoka promoted the spread of Buddhism across ancient Asia.
• Ashoka was the first king in Indian history who has left his records engraved on stones.
• The Great Stupa at Sanchi was built, Ashoka.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e Political Branch.

• Kautilya was an ancient Indian teacher, philosopher.
• He is well known as Chanakya.
• He assisted the first Mauryan emperor Chandragupta.
• Served as the chief advisor to both Mauryan emperors Chandragupta and  Bindusara.
• He authored Arthashastra.
• Kautilya recommends two types of secret service, Samstha and Samcaras.
• In Samstha agents are stationed in a single place.
• In Samcaras agents move from place to place as per the requirements of their individual assignments.
• The nature and mode of work of these spies were elaborately outlined by Kautilya in the Arthasastra.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e Jamaat Khana Masjid.

• Alauddin Khalji was an emperor of the Khalji dynasty.
• Alauddin was a nephew and son-in-law of the Jalaluddin Khalji, founder of the Khalji dynasty.
• He ruled the Delhi Sultanate in 1296–1316.
• He adopted the title "Sikander-i-Sani.".
• He adopted the Blood and Iron policy of Balban in tackling the Mongols.
• Introduced Chehra and Dagh system.
• Alauddin built the Siri Fort, The Hauz-i-Khas, Alai Darwaza.
• The Jamat Khana Masjid is the mosque in Delhi built by Khizr Khan.

The correct answer is option 1  i.e Nanda.

• Alexander invaded India in 327-325 BC.
• Nanda dynasty is a non-kshatriya dynasty found by Mahapadma Nanda.
• Capital: Pataliputra.
• Alexander the Great invaded  India at the time last Nanda king Dhana Nanda In 326 BCE.
• The Dhana Nanda was overthrown by Chandragupta Maurya.
• The Nanda dynasty ended with Dhana Nanda in about 321 BCE when Chandragupta laid the foundation for Mauryan power.

 

The correct answer is option 4  i.e Agni-VI.

• Agni-VI is an intercontinental ballistic missile being developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation, in India.
• The government of India is yet to approve the Agni VI project.
• It is to be the latest and most advanced version among the Agni missiles.
• Agni-I is a short-range ballistic missile developed by DRDO in India.
• The operational range is 700–1,200 km.
• Agni-II is the second strategic ballistic missile of the Agni (missile) family.
• It is the Medium Range Ballistic Missile.
• Designed by Defence Research and Development Organisation.
• Agni-IV is an Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile.
• Earlier known as Agni II prime.
• Developed by DRDO, India.

The correct answer is option 2  i.e Kosuke Hagino of Japan.

• Kosuke Hagino is a Japanese competitive swimmer.
• Kosuke Hagino adjudged as the Most Valuable Player of the 17th Asian Games held at Incheon, South Korea.
• Hagino was the World Swimmer of the Year 2014 and is the first and only Japanese to earn the award.
• The 2014 Asian games hosted by South Korea.
• Mascot: Three Spotted seal siblings.
• The final medal tally was led by China with151 Golds.
• Sardar Singh was the Indian Flag bearer during the opening ceremony.
• Jitu Rai wins the first gold medal for India.

 

The correct answer is option 2  i.e 10%.

• The opposition party status is accorded to a political party in the Lok Sabha only if it captures at least 10% of the total strength of the house.
• The 10% rule originated following the formation of the first Lok Sabha in 1952
• The Opposition party has to ensure that the Government does not take any steps, which might have negative effects on the people of the country.
• Ghulam Nabi Azad is the Leader of Opposition in Rajya Sabha.
• There is no leader of the opposition in the 17th Lok Sabha because there is no opposition party with at least 10% seats.
• The Lok Sabha constituted under Article 81 of the Indian constitution.
• The Lok Sabha is also called House of the People.
• The maximum strength of the Loksabha is fixed at 552, Currently 543 seats.
• The 17th Lok Sabha was elected in May 2019.
• The Lok Sabha has its own television channel, Lok Sabha TV.

The correct answer is option 2  i.e VS Naipaul.

• V S Naipaul is a British writer.
• He won the Booker Prize in 1971 for his novel In a Free State.
• He received a knighthood in Britain twice (in 1990, 2001).
• Honoured with Nobel Prize in Literature in 2001.
• Notable works: A House for Mr. Biswas, In a Free State, A Bend in the River, The Enigma of Arrival, An Area of Darkness, Half a Life.

 

The correct answer is option 3  i.e Nelson Mandela.

• Nelson Mandela was a South African revolutionary, political leader.
• He served as the first President of South Africa.
• Honoured with Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.
• Honoured with the highest civil award of India (Bharat Ratna in 1990) and Pakistan (Nishan-e-Pakistan in 1992).

 

The correct answer is option 4  i.e Sachin Tendulkar.

Key Points

• Indian Air Force (IAF) confers honorary Group Captain rank on Sachin Tendulkar.
• Sachin Tendulkar is a former Indian cricketer.
• He is also known as Little Master or Master Blaster.
• First batsman to score a double century in a One Day International (ODI).
• Honoured with Arjuna Award in 1994.
• The youngest person and first sportsperson to receive the Bharat Ratna award.
• Autobiography: Playing It My Way.

Additional Information

Given,

A man goes from point A to B with the speed of 25 km/hr

The man comes from point B to A with the speed of 4 km/hr

Total time to cover whole journey = 5 hrs 48 minutes.

Formula:

Speed = distance/time

1 hr = 60 min

Calculation:

5 hrs 48 min = (5 + 48/60) hr = (5 + 4/5) = 29/5 hr

Let distance between A and B be x km, then

According to the question,

x/25 + x/4 = 29/5

⇒ (4x + 25x)/100 = 29/5

⇒ 29x/100 = 29/5

⇒ x = 29/5 × 100/29

⇒ x = 20

∴ Distance between A and B is 20 km.

Given,

Train cross 200 m long platform in 10 seconds

Train cross a telegraph post in 5 seconds

Formula:

Speed = distance/time

1 km/hr = 5/18 m/sec

1 m/sec = 18/5 km/hr

Calculation:

Let speed of train be x m/sec and length of train be y m, then

According to the question

x = (200 + y)/10      ----(1)

x = y/5      ----(2)

From equation (1) and equation (2)

y/5 = (200 + y)/10

⇒ 2y = 200 + y

⇒ 2y – y = 200

⇒ y = 200

Length of train is 200 m

From equation (2)

x = 200/5

⇒ x = 40 m/sec

⇒ x = 40 × 18/5

⇒ x = 144 km/hr

∴ Speed of train is 144 km/hr.

Shortcut Trick

Price increase = 20% = +1/5

To keep the total expenditure constant, consumption must be reduced proportionally.

Reduction in consumption = 1 ÷ (5 + 1) = 1/6

Converting 1/6 to percentage = (1 ÷ 6) × 100 = 16 2/3%

∴ The correct answer is 16 2/3%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Increase in the price of sugar = 20%

Formula Used:

Reduction % = [R ÷ (100 + R)] × 100

(where R is the percentage increase in price)

+20% Price Increase

Reduce Exp. back to 100 Decrease % = (20 ÷ 120) × 100

100 Original Exp.

120 New Exp.

Calculations:

⇒ Let the initial price of sugar be ₹100.

⇒ After a 20% increase, the new price = ₹120.

⇒ Since expenditure must remain the same, the family can only afford sugar worth ₹100 at the new price.

⇒ Required reduction in consumption = 120 − 100 = 20.

⇒ Percentage reduction = (Reduction ÷ New Price) × 100

⇒ Percentage reduction = (20 ÷ 120) × 100

⇒ Percentage reduction = (1 ÷ 6) × 100 = 50 ÷ 3 % = 16 2/3%

∴ The correct answer is 16 2/3%.

Additional Information

AB Rule for Constant Product

If A × B = Constant and A increases by x%, then B must decrease by [x ÷ (100 + x)] × 100% to keep the product unchanged.

Successive Percentage Change

If price changes by a% and consumption by b%, the net change in expenditure is (a + b + ab ÷ 100)%. For constant expenditure, equate this formula to zero to find the unknown.

Common Fraction to Percentage Equivalents

1/5 = 20%, 1/6 = 16 2/3%, 1/7 = 14 2/7%, 1/8 = 12 1/2%. Memorizing these directly saves calculation time in percentage questions.

Given:

A’s salary is 20% lower than B’s salary, which is 15% lower than C’s salary

Formula:

If a number increase by x%, then

Increase number = Actual number × (100 + x)/100

If a number decrease by x%, then

Decrease number = Actual number × (100 - x)/100

Calculation:

Let salary of C be Rs. 100x, then

Salary of B = 100x × 85/100 = Rs. 85x

Salary of A = 85x × 80/100 = Rs. 68x

Salary of C is more than that of A’s by 100x – 68x = 32x

∴ Salary of C is more than that of A’s by (in %) = 32x/68x × 100 = 47.05%

Formula:

Average = Total sum of all observations/Total number of all observations

Calculation:

Let average weight of 5 men be x, then

Sum of weight of 5 men = 5x

If a man replaced, then average weight of 5 men = (x + 2)

If a man replaced, then sum of weight of 5 men = 5 (x + 2) = 5x + 10

Let weight of new man be y, then

According to the question

5x – 60 + y = 5x + 10

⇒ y = 5x + 10 + 60 – 5x

∴ y = 70

Short Trick:

Weight of new man = increase weight × number of persons + weight of replace man

∴ Weight of new man = 2 × 5 + 60 = 70 kg

Given,

A and B can do a piece of work in 18 days

B and C can do the same work in 24 days

A and C can do the same work in 36 days

Formula:

Total work = Efficiency × time

Calculation:

Total work = LCM of (18, 24 and 36) = 72 unit

Efficiency of A and B = 4 units

Efficiency of B and C = 3 units

Efficiency of C and A = 2 units

Efficiency of A, B and C = (4 + 3 + 2)/2 = 4.5 units

Efficiency of B = Eff. (A + B + C) - Eff. (A + C)

Efficiency of B = 4.5 – 2 = 2.5 units/day

∴ B alone can complete the whole work in 72/2.5 days = $28\frac{4}{5}$ days

Given,

A alone can do a work in 20 days

B alone can do the same work in 30 days

C alone can do the same work in 60 days

Formula:

Total work = Efficiency × Time

Calculation:

Let total work be LCM of (20, 30 and 60) = 60 unit

Efficiency of A = 3 units

Efficiency of B = 2 units

Efficiency of C = 1 unit

According to the question

A is assisted by B and C together on every third day

Work done by A in first 2 days = 3 + 3 = 6 unit

Work done by A, B and C on third day = 3 + 2 + 1 = 6

Total work done by A, B and C in 3 days = 6 + 6 = 12 unit

12 units work done by A, B and C in 3 days

∴ 60 unit work A, B and C will be complete in 3/12 × 60 = 15 days

Given,

Speed of boat in still water = 9 km/hr

Formula:

Speed = distance/time

Upstream speed = Speed of boat – speed of current

Downstream speed = speed of boat + speed of boat

Calculation:

Let speed of current be x km/hr

Time taken to cover downstream x km distance in t hrs, then

Upstream speed = (9 – x) km/hr

Downstream speed = (9 + x) km/hr

According to the question,

Distance = (9 + x) × t     ----(1)

Distance = (9 – x) × 3t     ----(2)

From equation (1) and equation (2)

(9 + x) × t = (9 – x) × 3t

⇒ 9 + x = 27 – 3x

⇒ 3x + x = 27 – 9

⇒ 4x = 18

⇒ x = 18/4

⇒ x = $4\frac{1}{2}$ km/hr

∴ Speed of current is $4\frac{1}{2}$ km/hr.

Given,

Speed of boat in still water = 10 km/hr

Formula:

Speed = distance/time

Upstream speed = Speed of boat – speed of current

Downstream speed = speed of boat + speed of boat

Calculation:

Let speed of stream be x km/hr

Upstream speed = (10 – x) km/hr

Downstream speed = (10 + x) km/hr

Time = distance/time

Time = 26 / (10 + x)     ----(1)

Time = 14 / (10 – x)     ----(2)

According to the question,

26 / (10 + x) = 14 / (10 – x)

⇒ 26 (10 – x) = 14 (10 + x)

⇒ 260 – 26x = 140 + 14x

⇒ 26x + 14x = 260 – 140

⇒ 40x = 120

⇒ x = 120/40

⇒ x = 3 km/hr

∴ Speed of stream is 3 km/hr.

Given,

Sum becomes double in = 16 years

Formula:

When calculated at simple interest

Interest = (p × r × t)/100

Where p, r and t respectively are principal, rate of interest and time

Calculation:

Let the sum be x, then

Amount = 2x

SI = x

Time = 16 years

x = (x × r × 16)/100

⇒ r = 100/16

⇒ r = (25/4)%

Again,

SI = (x × 25 × 8)/(4 × 100)

⇒ SI = x/2

Amount = x + x/2 = 3x/2

Amount become = (3x/2)/x = 3/2 times or $1\frac{1}{2}$ times

Given,

Principal = Rs. 800

Rate = 10%

Amount = 926.10

Formula:

A = P (1 + r/100)^t

If interest compounded semi-annually, then

Rate = r/2

Time = 2t

Calculation:

As given, interest compounded semi-annually, then

Rate = 10/2 = 5%

Time = 2 × t

According to the question

926.1 = 800 (1 + 5/100)^2t

⇒ (1 + 1/20)^2t = 926.1/800

⇒ (21/20)^2t = 9261/8000

⇒ (21/20)^2t = (21/20)³

Comparing on power

⇒ 2t = 3

∴ Required time = 3/2 = $1\frac{1}{2}$ years

Given,

A sells 2 TV sets, one at a loss of 15% and another at profit of 15%.

Concept:

When two articles are sold at same price but one of them at sold at x% profit and another sold at x% loss, in this process there is always loss = x²/100

Calculation:

Short Trick:

Loss percentage = 15²/100 = 225/100 = 2.25%

Detailed method:

15% = 3/20

Let selling price of each article be Rs. 391 (LCM of 23 and 17)

Total selling price of both articles = 391 × 2 = 782

⇒ Cost price of first article = 391 × 20/17 = 460

⇒ Cost price of second article = 391 × 20/23 = 340

⇒ Total cost price of both articles = 460 + 340 = 800

⇒ Loss = 800 – 782 = Rs. 18

∴ Loss% = 18/800 × 100 = 2.25%

The diagram that indicates the best relation between Doctors, Human Beings and Married People is shown below:

Some Doctors are Married People and all the Doctors and Married People are Human Beings.

Hence, ‘option 4’ is the correct answer.

The diagram that indicates the best relation between Man, Worker and Garden Is shown below:

Some Man are Worker. Garden does not shares any common relation with Man and Worker.

Hence, ‘option d’ is the correct answer.

The diagram that indicates the best relation between Males, Cousins and Nephews is shown below:

All Nephews are male.

Cousin of A can Nephew of B. So, some Cousins are Nephew as well as Male.

Hence, ‘option 1’ is the correct answer.

The diagram that indicates the best relation between Children, Naughty, and Studious is shown below:

Some Children are Naughty and Studious, some studious are naughty and children and some naughty are studious and children.

Hence, ‘option 3’ is the correct answer.

The diagram that indicates the best relation between Thief, Criminal and Police is shown below:

A Thief is a Criminal. So, Thief belongs to Criminal. Police is a person whose duty is to maintain law and order and catch criminals. So, Police has no relation between thief and criminal.

Hence, ‘option 1’ is the correct answer.

LOGIC:

Loath and Coercion is not related to each other in any way. By going through the options we can find the word which is related to Loath and Coercion in some way.

So here, Loath and Reluctant are synonym of each other. So, Loath related to Reluctant .

Similarly, Coercion and Persuasion are synonym of each other. So, Coercion related to Persuasion,

Loath : Coercion :: Reluctant : Persuasion 

Hence, option (4) is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Trilogy : Novel → Novel is a part of Trilogy. (A number of novels make a trilogy)

Similarly,

"Serial : Episode" →  Episode is a part of serial. (A number of episodes makes a serial)

Hence, the correct answer is "Serial : Episode".

The logic is: Second is necessary to acquire the first.

Wife : Marriage → Marriage is necessary for having wife. 

Similarly,

Service : Qualification → Qualification is necessary for service.

Hence,  the correct answer is "Service : Qualification".

The logic followed here is:

East : Orient

• The Orient is a term for the East.

Similarly,

West : Occident

• The Occident is a term for the West.

Hence, the correct answer is "West : Occident"  .

Additional Information

The logic followed here is:

Ignominy : Disloyalty

• Ignominy is the result of disloyalty.

Similarly,

Fame : Heroism

• Fame is the result of Heroism.

Hence, the correct answer is "Fame : Heroism".

Additional Information1. Death is not the result of Victory.

2. Martyr is a person who is killed because of their religious or other beliefs.
3. Destruction is not the result of Victory.

The logic followed here is:

All options except ‘Mole Hills’ are located in India, while ‘Mole Hills’ is located in Virginia.

Hence, the correct answer is "Mole hills".

The logic followed here is:

All options except ‘Walrus’ are fur-bearing animals.

Additional Information

 

Hence, the correct answer is "Walrus".

The logic followed here is:

The writer of all the books except ‘Oliver Twist’ is William Shakespeare, while the writer of ‘Oliver Twist’ is Charles Dickens.

 

Hence, the correct answer is "Oliver Twist".

All persons except ‘Montgomery’ have been the ‘Admiral’ of their respective countries, while ‘Montgomery’ was Field Marshal of his country.

Hence, ‘Montgomery’ is the odd one out.

Hence, the correct answer is "Montgomery".

All options except ‘simmer’ are related to light, while ‘simmer’ is related to boiling point.

Therefore, ‘simmer’ is the odd one out.

Hence, the correct answer is "Simmer".

Additional Information 

The figure which completes the pattern of question figure is given below:

Hence,the correct answer is "option (4)".

The figure that best completes the pattern given is shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The figure that best completes the pattern given is shown below:

 Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The figure that best completes the pattern given is shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The figure which completes the pattern of question figure is given below:

Hence, the correct answer is "option (4)".

The logic followed here is :

1. In every step circle is shifted to three places or two places anticlockwise alternatively. 

2. A new element is added either side of the circle alternatively in every step. So, after fifth step circle should be at lower left corner and a new element should be added nearby “=” sign.

Hence, option (3) should be the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

1. In the series, we see that in the 2^nd image is, the left side symbols and right side symbols are interchange their position.

2. Each symbol in the figure 1st get inverted vertically.

Similarly,

in the 4^th image, the left side symbols and right side symbols are interchange their position and each symbol in the figure get inverted vertically.

So, the figure that will continue the series is answer figure c, in which the same logic follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

1. we observe that the arrow sign in each figure reduces by one. So, in the fifth figure there is no vertical line left with arrow sign.

 

2. Dot is shifted after a gap anticlockwise direction in each step.

So in the figure that will continue the series, there should be no arrow sign in the vertical lines and dot should be placed according in anticlockwise direction.as in answer figure ‘d’.

Hence**, option 4** is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

1. From 1^st image to 2^nd image one line is moving 135^◦ anticlockwise with same head symbol and other line is moving 135^◦ anticlockwise and the head symbols are changed.

Similarly,

2. From 3^rd image to 4^th image one line is moving 135^◦ anticlockwise with same head symbol and other line is moving 135^◦ anticlockwise and the head symbols are changed.

Applying same logic in next figure 5^th, figure (d) should be the answer.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is:

1. As we move along the series, one line with a symbol is added in each step, and the line with which the figure series starts is moving in 45º anti-clockwise direction.

So, the figure that will continue the series must have six lines and the line with unshaded circle must be facing south-east direction.

Answer figure ‘C’ satisfies the above given conditions.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic is:

1st image is divided horizontally and then the upper part of the figure is inverted and placed on the lower part.

Similarly,

When the 3^rd image is divided horizontally and then the upper part of the figure is inverted and placed on the lower part, it will look like answer figure ‘c’.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic is:

In the first two figures,

1. Firstly image is merged with its water image and then the mirror image of this picture is placed in 2^nd image.

Similarly,

When 3^rd image is merged with its water image, the figure will be as shown below:

The mirror image of the above figure is as shown below:

So, the figure that will complete the analogy is shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".