AFCAT 3 Oct 2020 (Shift 2) Memory Based Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'D.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically correct.
• We use the phrase "Neither of, Either of and None of" before a plural noun or pronoun (here, children) and a singular verb.
• For Example:
• Neither of the two boys is playing.
• The other parts of speech are also used correctly, therefore, there is no error in the given sentence.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Correct Sentence: Neither of the children seemed concerned about the journey, though.

Additional Information

• Subjects and verbs must agree with one another in number (singular or plural).
• Thus, if a subject is singular, its verb must also be singular; if a subject is plural, its verb must also be plural.

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य व्याकरण की दृष्टि से सही है।
• हम बहुवचन संज्ञा या सर्वनाम (यहां, children) और एकवचन क्रिया से पहले "Neither of, Either of, and None of" वाक्यांश का उपयोग करते हैं।
• उदाहरण के लिए:
• Neither of the two boys is playing.
• अन्य शब्दभेद का भी सही उपयोग किया गया है, इसलिए दिए गए वाक्य में कोई ग़लती नहीं है।
  

अतः सही उत्तर option 4 है।

सही वाक्य: Neither of the children seemed concerned about the journey, though.

Additional Information

• विषय और क्रिया एक दूसरे के साथ संख्या (एकवचन या बहुवचन) में सहमत होना चाहिए।
• इस प्रकार, यदि कोई विषय एकवचन है, तो उसकी क्रिया भी एकवचन होनी चाहिए; यदि कोई विषय बहुवचन है, तो उसकी क्रिया भी बहुवचन होनी चाहिए।

Here the correct answer is C.

Key Points

• In the above-given sentence, 'were' will be replaced by 'was'.
• It is so because If two subjects are joined by ''Either....or, Neither....nor, nor, or, not only.....but also'' the verb agrees with the subject nearest to it.
• For Example:-
• Neither Kohli nor Shami is playing today.
• Not only India but also England lost the test series.
• Here, the subject nearest to the verb is Kohli which is singular.
• Thus, the verb will also be singular i.e. 'was'.

​

Therefore, the correct sentence is Not only Shami but also Kohli was injured and could not play the match.

Here the correct answer is B.

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Key Points

• In the above-given sentence, the error is in part B.
• It is so because 'If two adjectives are joined by a conjunction, they should be in the same degree'.
• For Example:-
• My office is bigger and better than yours.
• In the example sentence, both the adjective i.e. 'bigger' and 'better' are in the same degree**(comparative)**.
• Here in the given sentence, 'richest' is a superlative degree and 'smarter' is the comparative degree.
• Thus, we will change the comparative degree to superlative degree i.e. 'smarter' to 'smartest'.
  

Therefore, the correct sentence is Virat Kohli is the richest and smartest cricketer of the modern era.

Here the correct answer is C.

Key Points:-

• In the above-given sentence, the error is in part C.
• It is so because 'for' will be replaced by 'up'.
• Bear up*(phrasal verb)* - hide the feelings of grief.
• For Examples:-
• The news of his divorce was a great shock to him but he bore up bravely.
• He bore up well under the yoke of a terrible disease, and my heart goes out to his family.
• In the given sentence, 'bear up' will be used because the Australian captain was in great shock but he hid his feelings of grief.
  

Therefore, the correct sentence is The news of India winning the series was a great shock for the Australian captain but he bore up bravely.

The correct answer is 'insane'

Key Points

• Use 'insane' in the blank space to make the sentence correct.
• The words 'insane' is an adjective and it means 'mentally ill or extremely unreasonable or stupid'. It is the most relevant word according to the context of the given sentence.
• Example: You must be insane to leave your job before you’ve found another one.

The correct sentence is- It would be insane not to take advantage of this opportunity.

• Let's see the other options:

The correct answer is 'were'

Key Points

• Use 'were' in the blank space to make the sentence correct.
• In the given question, 'The watchdogs' is a plural subject here so that it will be followed by the plural verb 'were' not by 'was'
• 'when' is used as a conjunction in the sentence and in the second sentence 'the bulls ran riot' is in the past indefinite. 
  

The correct sentence is- The watchdogs were asleep when the bulls ran riot.

The correct answer is 'through'

Key Points

• Using the preposition 'through' in the blank space to make the sentence correct.
• We know that 'through' is movement from one side of an enclosed space to the other side and here train is passing through the tunnel's sides. So that 'through' is the correct preposition here according to the context of the sentence. 
• Example: The baseball went through the window.
• The correct sentence is- The train passed through the tunnel.

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• Don't be confused with the preposition 'across' because it means 'the movement from one side of an area, surface, or line to the other side.'
• Example: I drew a line across the paper.

The correct answer is 'took'

Key Points

• Using 'took' in the blank space to make the sentence correct.
• The sentence will come in the past indefinite, it will be followed by the structure 'Sub + V₂  + object' so that 'took' is used because it is a second form of the verb 'take'
• The past indefinite tense, also known as simple past tense, is used to indicate a finished or completed action/task that occurred/happened at a specific point in time in the past.
• Example: She watched television.
• The correct sentence is- Pratibha failed in the examination because she took it offhand.
  

Additional Information

• 'Offhand' is an adjective and it means 'not friendly, and showing little interest in other people in a way that seems slightly rude.'
• Example: I didn't mean to be offhand with her - it's just that I was in such a hurry.

The correct answer is- 'ambiguous'

Key Points

• The word 'Equivocal' is an adjective and it means 'not clear and seeming to have two opposing meanings, or confusing and able to be understood in two different ways'
• Example: His words to the press were deliberately equivocal - he didn't deny the reports but neither did he confirm them.
• Ambiguous refers to something that can have multiple interpretations or meanings, or is unclear or uncertain. Here's an example sentence using ambiguous:
• The politician's statement was ambiguous and left many people unsure of where they stood on the issue.

Hence, option 4 is the most appropriate answer here.

Hinglish

• 'Equivocal' शब्द एक विशेषण है और इसका अर्थ है 'स्पष्ट नहीं और प्रतीत होने के दो विरोधी अर्थ हैं, या भ्रमित करने और दो अलग-अलग तरीकों से समझने में सक्षम हैं'
• उदाहरण: His words to the press were deliberately equivocal - he didn't deny the reports but neither did he confirm them.
• Ambiguous किसी ऐसी चीज़ को संदर्भित करता है जिसकी कई व्याख्याएँ या अर्थ हो सकते हैं, या अस्पष्ट या अनिश्चित है। यहाँ ambiguous का उपयोग करते हुए एक उदाहरण वाक्य दिया गया है:
• The politician's statement was ambiguous and left many people unsure of where they stood on the issue.

इसलिए, विकल्प 4 यहां सबसे उपयुक्त उत्तर है।

The correct answer is- 'fashion'

Key Points

• The word 'FAD' is a noun and it means 'a fashion, interest, etc. that will probably not last long.'
• Example: There was a fad for wearing ripped jeans a few years ago.
• Fashion generally refers to popular styles and trends in clothing, accessories, makeup, or hairstyle. It can also encompass broader cultural movements and changes in lifestyle, art, music, and other forms of expression.
• Example: She always keeps up with the latest fashion trends and is often seen wearing designer clothing.

Hence option 1 is the most appropriate answer here.

The correct answer is 'None of these'

Key Points

• The word 'Mystique' is a noun and it means a quality of being special in a mysterious and attractive way.
• Example: Too much publicity has destroyed the mystique of the British monarchy.
• Hence option 4 is the most appropriate answer here.
  

Here the correct answer is Victory.

Key Points:-

• Let's look at the meaning of the given word:-
• Debacle*(noun) -* a sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.
• For Example -Rishabh Pant was the only man to reach double figures in the second-innings debacle.
• Synonyms - fiasco, failure, catastrophe, disaster
• Antonyms - Victory, success, little, beginning
• Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:-
• Victory*(noun) -* an act of defeating an enemy or opponent in a battle, game, or other competition.
• For Example - The general led the troops to victory.
• Synonyms - Success, triumph, conquest, win
• Antonyms - defeat, failure, catastrophe, fiasco
  

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other options:-

Therefore, the correct antonym for the given word is Victory.

Here the correct answer is Dissuade.

Key Points:-

• Let's look at the meaning of the given word:-
• Allure*(noun)* - the quality of being powerfully and mysteriously attractive or fascinating.
• For Example -This surprise is part of the allure of this design.
• Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:-  
• Dissuade*(verb)* - persuade (someone) not to take a particular course of action.
• For Example - His friends tried to dissuade him from flying.

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Additional Information 

• Let's look at the meaning of the other options:-

Therefore, the correct antonym for the given word is Dissuade.

Here the correct answer is Liberate.

Key Points:-

• Let's look at the meaning of the given word:-  
• Subjugate*(verb)* - bring under domination or control, especially by conquest.
• For Example - The invaders had soon subjugated most of the population.
• Synonyms - conquer, vanquish, defeat, crush
• Antonyms - victory, liberate, release, free
• Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:-
• Liberate*(verb)* - set (someone) free from imprisonment, slavery, or oppression.
• For Example - The prisoners had been liberated.
• Synonyms - extricate, free, release, untie.
• Antonyms - confine, enslave, subjugate, conquer

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other options:-

Therefore, the correct antonym for the given word is Liberate.

The correct answer is 'intruder'

Key Points

• The word 'intruder' is a noun and it means 'someone who is in a place or situation where they are not wanted'
• Example: I feel like an intruder when I visit their home.
• Hence, option 1 is the most appropriate answer here.
  

The correct answer is- 'to suddenly begin to do something'

Key Points

• 'Broke into' is an idiom and it means 'If someone breaks into something they suddenly start doing it'
• Example: He felt so happy that he broke into a song (= suddenly began to sing).
  

Hence option 1 is the most appropriate answer here.

• 'Broke into’ एक मुहावरा है और इसका मतलब है कि breaks अगर कोई किसी चीज में टूट जाता है तो वे अचानक उसे करने लगते हैं’
• उदाहरण: He felt so happy that he broke into a song (= suddenly began to sing).
  

इसलिए विकल्प 1 यहां सबसे उपयुक्त उत्तर है।

Here the correct answer is 'To get into trouble.'

Key Points:-

• Let's look at the meaning of the given idiom/phrase:-
• Get into hot water - To get into a difficult situation in which you are in danger of being criticized or punished.
• For Examples:-
• He found himself in hot water over his comments about immigration
• We'll get into hot water if the teacher hears about this.

Therefore, the correct meaning of the idiom is To get into a difficult situation in which you are in danger of being criticized or punished.

Here the correct answer is 'Something done for selfish reasons.'

Key Points:-

• Let's look at the meaning of the given idiom:-
• An axe to grind - Something done for selfish reasons.
• For Examples:-
• I think he is gunning for the top job because he has an axe to grind with some of his colleagues.
• He has no political axe to grind, he is just concerned about the state of affairs here.

Therefore, the correct meaning of the given idiom is Something done for selfish reasons.

Here, the correct answer is 'A view from a very high place that allows you to see a large area.'

Key Points:-

• Let's look at the meaning of the given idiom/phrase:-
• Bird's Eyeview -  a view from a high angle as if seen by a bird in flight    OR    an overall or cursory look at something.
• For Examples:-
• Keys loved getting a bird's-eye view of her life, memories, and experiences.
• The introduction of the report gives an excellent bird's-eye view of the new project.

Therefore, the correct meaning of the idiom is A view from a very high place that allows you to see a large area.

The correct answer is 'adverse'

Key Points

• Using the word 'adverse' in the blank space to give the correct meaning in the sentence.
• The word 'adverse' is an adjective and it means 'having a negative or harmful effect on something'
• Example: The match has been canceled because of adverse weather conditions.
• Hence option 1 is the most appropriate answer here.
  

The correct answer is- 'while'

Key Points

• Using 'while' is in the blank space to make the sentence meaningful.
• We can use 'while' to talk about two longer events or activities happening at the same time and in the passage we are talking about the two events simultaneously, so it is the best option here according to the context of the passage.
• Example: We spent long evenings talking in my sitting-room while he played the music he had chosen and explained his ideas.
• Hence option 2 is the most appropriate answer here.
  

Additional Information

• Let's see the other options:

The correct answer is 'spectrum'

Key Points

• Using the word 'spectrum' in the blank space to give the correct meaning in the sentence.
• The word 'spectrum' is an adjective and it means 'a range of different positions, opinions, etc.'
• Example: He has support from across the whole political spectrum.
• Hence option 2 is the most appropriate answer here.
  

Here the correct answer is Through extensive reading and listening.

:-

• In the 5^th and 6^th lines of the paragraph, it is clearly mentioned that 'Hunt and Beglar (1998) point out that many vocabularies are learned incidentally through extensive reading and listening'.
• Thus, the two experts are trying to tell us that we can learn many vocabularies by extensive reading and listening.
• Extensive means 'wide in range and including much detailed information'.
• For Examples:-
• Her knowledge of music is extensive.
• Foster did extensive research on electromagnetic fields.

Therefore, the correct answer to the question is Through reading and listening.

Here the correct answer is Language Proficiency.

Key Points

• In the 1^st and 2^nd lines of the paragraph, it is clearly mentioned that 'Vocabulary is a basic component of language proficiency which provides the basis for learners ‘performance in other skills, such as speaking, reading, listening and writing'.
• The speaker is trying to tell about the importance of vocabulary which further improves other skills such as speaking, reading, listening, and writing.
• In this way, it leads to language proficiency.

Therefore, the correct answer to the question will be Language proficiency.

Here the correct answer is Speaking, reading, listening, and writing.

Key Points:-

• In the 1^st and 2^nd lines of the paragraph, it is clearly mentioned that 'Vocabulary is a basic component of language proficiency which provides the basis for learners ‘performance in other skills, such as speaking, reading, listening and writing'.
• The speaker is trying to tell us that vocabulary provides the basis for different skills such as speaking, reading, listening, and writing.
• If we have a command over vocabulary, then these skills also get enhanced.

Therefore, the correct answer to the question is Speaking, reading, listening, and writing.

The correct answer is Canada.

• The first Commonwealth Games were held in 1930 in Canada.

Key Point

• The first Commonwealth Games were held in 1930 in Hamilton, Canada.
• In the games, 11 countries sent 400 athletes to take part in six sports and 59 events.
• Since then, the Games have been conducted every four years (except for 1942 and 1946 due to World War II) and the event has seen many changes, not least in its name.
• The Commonwealth Games are overseen by the Commonwealth Games Federation (GCF), which also controls the sporting programme and selects the host cities.
• The most recent Commonwealth Games were held in Gold Coast from 4 to 15 April 2018.
• The next Commonwealth Games are due to be held in Birmingham, England from 28 July to 8 August 2022.

Additional Information

• The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent sovereign states, most of which are former colonies of the United Kingdom.
• The British Monarch remains the head of the Commonwealth. Hence, the Queen of the United Kingdom, Elizabeth II is given the title of Head of the Commonwealth.
• The Commonwealth of Nations, generally known simply as the Commonwealth, is a political association of 54 member states.

The correct answer is New Delhi.

• The first-ever Asian Games were held in New Delhi.

Key Points

• After the Second World War, many Asian countries gained independence and Guru Dutt Sondhi, a member of the Indian International Olympic Committee, proposed the idea of the Asian Games as a sporting event, where all Asian nations can be represented.
• The first-ever Asian Games were held in New Delhi in 1951.
• Only players from countries of the continent of Asia participate in the Asian Games.
• The Asian Games are regulated under the supervision of the International Olympic Council.
• In 2018, the Asian Games were held in Jakarta, Indonesia.
• The next season of the Asian Games will be held in 2022 in a city called Hangzhou in China.
• The Asian Games will be held in Nagoya Province, Japan in the year 2026.

The correct answer is Basketball.

Key Points

• Bank Shot: In basketball when a player shoots the ball and it bounces off the backboard and into the hoop.

The correct option is 3 i.e., August 29^th  

• On August 29th  Major Dhyanchand’s birthday is celebrated as National Sports Day in India.
• Major Dhyan Chand was an Indian hockey player.
• Major Dhyan Chand won three Olympic gold medals, in 1928, 1932, and 1936.
• The Wizard was the nickname of Major Dhyan Chand.
• Major Dhyan Chand was born on 29 August 1905 in Prayagraj.

Dhyan Chand Award:

• Dhyan Chand Award is awarded for Lifetime Achievement sporting honour in India.
• The reward of  ₹5 lakh is given in this award

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

• France ceded to India in full sovereignty the territory of the Establishments of
• The Treaty of Cession was signed by then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and then Plenipotentiary of France in India S. Ostrorog on May 28, 1956.
• By the Treaty, France ceded to India in full sovereignty the territory of the establishment of Pondicherry, Karikal, Mahe and Yanam.

Nur Sultan is the present capital of Kazakhstan named after former Kazakhstan President Nursultan Nazarbayev.

History of Kazakhstan capital 

• In 1929, Alma-Ata became the capital city of the newly formed Kazakh SSR. It saw great growth with the arrival of the Turkish Railway and during WWII many factories were relocated there. The city was again the site of major unrest as the Soviet Union crumbled in the 1980s and, in 1991, hosted the delegation that created the CIS, effectively destroying the USSR. In 1994 the city was renamed Almaty, which does follow Kazakh grammar.

In Present 

• Although the city is no longer the political capital of Kazakhstan, it is still the economic capital .
• An entirely new city called Astana is now renamed as Nur Sultan is capital of Kazakhstan.
• The population is mostly Russian and Ukrainian, with several thousand foreigners (from American to Chinese and Korean) seeking economic opportunity in the booming oil town.

Additional Information

• The city was destroyed by earthquakes in 1887 and 1911 but because of its advantageous location, was always rebuilt. Settlement by the Russians continued at a fast pace, pushing the native Kazakhs out of the best tracts of land and causing economic hardship. After a 1916 decree forced Kazakhs into conscription, a revolt broke out but failed because the Kazakhs had no weapons and were poorly organized. To avoid death, tens of thousands fled to China, leaving behind everything they owned. Those that remained faced brutal retribution.
• After the Revolution, Verny was the center of a White Army/Cossak garrison. The Bolsheviks, took advantage of the area’s economic and social problems to start an uprising. They renamed the city to “Alma-Ata” which theoretically means “father of apples” in Kazakh. The meaning is only theoretical because it doesn’t follow Kazakh grammar and is likely a reflection of the Communists’ attempts to “simplify” or “Russify” native languages.

The correct answer is Wind velocity.

Key Points

• The Beaufort scale is a scale for measuring wind speeds.
• It is based on observation rather than accurate measurement.
• It is the most widely used system to measure wind speed today.
• The scale was developed in 1805 by Francis Beaufort.

Additional Information

• Atmospheric pressure is measured by the barometer.
• The Intensity of earthquakes is measured using a seismograph.

The correct answer is option 4) i.e. Bering Strait.

• Bering Strait links the Arctic Ocean with the Bering Sea and separating the continents of Asia and North America at their closest point.
• The International Date Line established in 1884, passes through the mid-Pacific Ocean and roughly follows a 180 degrees longitude north-south line on the Earth.
• When we cross the International dateline from East to West we move up one day and when we cross back the line from West to East we move down one day.
• The international dateline is a zigzag line.

Note:

• Longitude is defined as imaginary lines called meridians that run from the north to the south pole.
• There are a total of 360 meridians.
• The Prime Meridian runs through the Greenwich Observatory in England, the location agreed upon by a conference in 1884 to be 0 degrees.

The correct answer is Tennis.

• Double fault means hitting a fault on the second service.
• Tennis or Lawn tennis is a racket sport that can be played individually or between two teams of two teams of two-player each.
• International Tennis Federation: 
• It was founded on 1st March 1913.
• ​It is a governing body of world tennis.
• Headquarters are located in London, United Kingdom.
• David Haggerty is the current president of ITF.
• Grand Slam Tournament
• Australia Open
• French Open
• Wimbledon
• US Open

Some of the sports terminologies of different sports are: 

The Correct Answer is Option 2 i.e Tennis.

• Mountbatten joined the Royal Navy in 1916 and served at sea in World War One. This was the start of a long and illustrious naval career, which ended when he retired in 1965.
• In World War Two, he commanded the destroyer HMS Kelly when it was sunk by German dive bombers off the coast of Crete with the loss of more than half the crew.
• The Kelly and her captain were later immortalized in Noel Coward's film In Which We Serve.
• Mountbatten was appointed chief of combined operations, preparing for the eventual invasion of occupied Europe, and was responsible for the disastrous Dieppe raid of August 1942.
• It was in this role, according to historians John Keegan and Andrew Wheatcroft, that Mountbatten revealed his great talent: "He was a fixer, using diplomacy, flattery, threats and cajoling to achieve his ends."

Additional Information

• In October 1943, Mountbatten became the supreme allied commander, South East Asia Command, with responsibilities that stretched from India and Sri Lanka to Burma, Malaya, and Indo-China. In September 1945, he received the Japanese surrender at Singapore.
• Once the war ended, decisions were political as much as military as local forces were reluctant to return to military rule.
• In 1947 Clement Attlee persuaded Mountbatten to serve as the last viceroy of India, overseeing the British withdrawal.
• The newly created Earl Mountbatten of Burma had hoped for the creation of an independent united India but on 15 August 1947 British India was partitioned into the new states of India and Pakistan, resulting in widespread inter-communal violence.
• In 1950s Mountbatten returned to the navy. He was appointed first sea lord - a position his father held 40 years before - and in 1959 he became chief of the defense staff.

The correct answer is Lord Mountbatten.

• At the stroke of midnight of 14-15 August 1947, the British rule came to an end and power was transferred to the two new independent Dominions of India and Pakistan.
• Lord Mountbatten became the first Governor-General of the new Dominion of India.
• He swore in Jawaharlal Nehru as the first Prime Minister of independent India.
• The Constituent Assembly of India formed in 1946 became the Parliament of the Indian Dominion.
• Muhammad Ali Jinnah became the first Governor-General of Dominion of Pakistan.

The correct answer is option 3) i.e. Gopa.

Some important administration posts in the Mauryan empire:

The correct answer is Qutub-ud-din Aibak.

• Qutubuddin Aibak became the ruler of India after the death of Mohammad Ghori in the year 1206 AD.
• He founded the Slave Dynasty in India and was also known as Lakh Baksh because of his generosity.
• He died in the year 1210 AD while playing Chaugan or Polo.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Bengaluru.

• Bengaluru, capital of Karnataka is called as the Space city of India, as it houses ISRO and other space application centres like URSC & ISTRAC.
• U R Rao Satellite Centre (URSC), Bengaluru, formerly known as ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC) is the lead centre for building satellites and developing associated satellite technologies.
• ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC), Bengaluru is entrusted with the major responsibility to provide tracking support for all the satellite and launch vehicle missions of ISRO.
• Bengaluru is also called Silicon Valley of India, Electronic city of India & Garden city of India.

CONSTANT:

Solar constant:

• The solar energy reaching unit area at the outer edge of the earth’s atmosphere exposed perpendicularly to the rays of the Sun at the average distance between the Sun and Earth is known as the solar constant.
• It is estimated to be approximately 1.366 kJ per second per square meter or 1.366 kW/m².

EXPLANATION:

• From above it is clear that the value of a solar constant is 1.366 kW/m² or 1366 W/m2. Therefore option 3 is correct.

The correct answer is option 3. i.e  The Nile River.

• Nile River
• It flows through eleven countries: Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Ethiopia, Eritrea, South Sudan, Sudan and Egypt.
• The Nile has two main tributaries:
• The White Nile – It begins at Lake Victoria which touches the countries of Uganda, Kenya, and Tanzania.
• The Blue Nile – It originates from Lake Tana in Ethiopia.
  

• Raniganj(2nd largest coalfield in India in terms of reserves) is famous for the most reliable quality of cooking coal(long flame and high heat value).
• It is a part of the Pashchim Bardhman district of West Bengal.
• It is the first place where coal mining started in India.

Iron Ore:-

• Odisha produces maximum iron ore in India.
• Sundargarh, Mayurbhanj, Keonjhar district of Odisha is famous for iron ore.
• Karnataka, Jharkhand, and Goa are also famous for Iron ore.

Uranium:-

• Uranium mine is located in Jadugoda, East Singhbhum district of Jharkhand.
• It is the 1st Uranium mine.
• The operation started here in 1967.

Bauxite:-

• It is an oxide of aluminum used for making aluminum.
• Major bauxite producing states are Odisha, Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujrat, Karnataka.

Africa is the only continent through which all the three latitudes - the Equator, Tropic of Cancer, and Tropic of Capricorn pass.

African Countries on the Tropic of Cancer - Western Sahara, Niger, Algeria, Mauritania, Egypt, Libya, and Mali.

African countries on Equator - Gabon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Sao Tome and Principe, and Somalia

African Countries on the Tropic of Capricorn - Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Mozambique, and Madagascar

The correct answer is Option 1 i.e., Nek Chand Saini

• Nek Chand Saini is a self-taught Indian artist, known for building the Rock Garden of Chandigarh, an eighteen-acre sculpture garden in the city of Chandigarh.

The correct answer is Jonathan Swift.

Key Points

• Gulliver’s Travels is regarded as Swift’s masterpiece.
• It is a novel in four parts recounting Gulliver’s four voyages to fictional exotic lands.
• His travels are first among diminutive people–the Lilliputians, then among enormous giants–people of Brobdingnag, then among idealists and dreamers, and finally among horses.
• Each book has a different theme, but their common trait is to deflate human nature.

Additional Information

• Books written by James Fraser:
• Am I a Christian, The dark falcon, Travels in Koordistan and Mesopotamia, etc.
• Books written by John Gunther:
• Death Be Not Proud, Alexander the Great, Inside Russia today, Inside Latin America, etc.

The correct answer is the Product of their masses.

• According to Newton’s law, the gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses.

Key Points

• Newton's law of universal gravitation states that any two bodies in the universe attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
• Universal Gravitational Constant (G): 
• ​The universal constant relating force to mass and distance in Newton's law of gravitation (G), constant of gravitation, gravitational constant type of constant, a number representing a quantity assumed to have a fixed value in a specified mathematical context.
• Value of G = 6.67 × 10-11  c.g.s. Unit.
• Mathematical form: 
• F = Gravitational Force.
• M1 & M2 = Mass of 2 different objects which attract each other.
• G = Universal gravitational constant.
• 
  

$F = G\frac{{{M_1};{M_2}}}{{{R^2}}}$

• From this above equation, we can say that the gravitational force is directly proportionate with the mass of two significant objects but inverse proportional with the square of the distance(R) between those two objects.

The correct answer is Purusa Sukta of Rigveda.

The division of the Vedic society is clearly mentioned in the Purusa Sukta of rig Veda. 

• The Purusha Sukta explains the origin of the varna system and hierarchical.
• The Purusha Sukta mention in 10th Mandal of Rigveda,
• The Brahmins origin from the mouth,
• The Kshatriya origin from the arms,
• The Vaishya origin from the thighs,
• The Sudras origin from the feet.
• Krishna Yajurvedas and Shukla Yajurveda is part of the Yajurveda.
• "Satyameva Jayate" (National sentence) is taken from the Mundaka Upanishad.
• Shatpatha Brahmans are related to the Yajurveda.

The correct answer option is i.e INS Vikrant.

  

• About INS Vikrant:
• The INS Vikrant is the first indigenous aircraft carrier design being developed in the country.
• It is one of two carriers in the "Vikrant-class" of surface warships whose construction began in the year 2009.
• The Indian Navy’s first indigenous aircraft carrier Vikrant is currently under the third phase of construction at the Cochin Shipyard Limited, Kerala.
• This carrier is expected to be commissioned in the navy by the year 2022.
• INS Vikrant (R11):
• INS Vikrant simply means "courageous" and was a class Aircraft carrier of the Indian Navy.
• The ship was used as HMS (Hercules) for the British Royal Navy during the Second World War.
• India purchased this incomplete vessel in the year 1957, and its construction was completed by the year 1961.
• Vikrant was Commissioned as the first Aircraft carrier of the Indian Navy.
• It was commissioned on 4th March 1961 and decommissioned on 31st January 1997 from Bombay port.
• It played a protagonist role in enforcing the Pakistan navy in the war of Indo - Pakistan in 1971.

Image of INS Vikrant:

• Extra Notes: 
• The Indian Navy Day is observed on December 4 every year to recognize the efforts and achievements of the Indian Navy in Operation Trident conducted during the Indo-Pakistan war in 1971.
• The current Chief of the Naval Staff of The Indian Navy is Admiral Radhakrishnan Hari Kumar. He is the 25th Chief of Indian Naval Service.
• The current Defence Minister of India is Mr Rajnath Singh. He represented the Lucknow constituency in the Lok Sabha.​

The correct answer is option 1 i.e Maitri Missile

• It's a next generation surface to air missile which is made by India and France.
• It is a short-range about (25-30 km) surface-to-air defence missile system.

Given:

The sum of money triples itself in 6 years

Calculation:

Since, the sum of money triples itself in 6 years

⇒ If Principal (P) = 1 units

⇒ Amount (A) = 3

⇒ Simple Interest (SI) = A – P = 3 – 1 = 2 units

⇒ SI = 2 units in 6 years

⇒ SI = 1 unit in 3 years      ----(1)

For sum to become 10 times

 If P = 1 unit, A = 10 units

⇒ SI = A – P = 9 units

From (1),

 SI = 1 unit in 3 years

∴ SI = 9 units in 9 × 3 years = 27 years

Given:

A sum of money doubles itself in 4 years 

Concept used:

S.I. = A – P

R = (S.I. × 100)/(P × T)

Where,

S.I. → Simple interest 

A → Amount

P → Principal 

R → Rate 

T → Time 

Calculations:

Let the principal be x 

So, Amount = 2x 

S.I. = 2x – x = x 

R = (S.I. × 100)/(P × T)

⇒ (x × 100)/(x × 4)

⇒ 25% 

∴ The rate of interest is 25%

Given:

Speed of boy during home to school = 10 Km/h.

Speed of boy during school to home = 6 Km/h

Total time of journey = 3 hr

Formula used:

Time =  Distance/speed

Calculation:

Let, the distance between school and house be D.

By using the above formula,

D/10 + D/6 = 3

⇒ (3D + 5D)/30 = 3

⇒ D = 90/8 = 11.25 Km.

⇒ 2D = 22.5 Km.

∴ Total distance travelled = 22.5 km.

When a train passes a man/object, the distance travelled by the train while passing that object, would be equal to the length of the train. And,

When a train passes a platform or a long object, the distance travelled by the train, while crossing that object, would be equal to the sum of the lengths of the train and length of that object.

Let the speeds of the two trains be ‘x’ km/h and ‘y’ km/h respectively.

We know that

Speed = Distance/Time

∴ Length of the first and the second train = 54x and 34y respectively.

According to the question,

$\frac{{54x + 34y}}{{x + y}} = 46$

⇒ 54x + 34y = 46x + 46y

⇒ 27x + 17y = 23x + 23y

⇒ 4x = 6y

⇒ x : y = 3 : 2.

Hence, the required ratio is 3 : 2

Given:

A train passes a platform 90 m long in 30 seconds.

Same train passes a man standing on the platform in 15 seconds.

Formula used:

Speed of the train = (Total distance covered/Total time taken)

Calculations:

Let the length of the train be 'l meters'. 

While crossing a man, train covered its own length.

⇒ l meters in 15 seconds 

⇒ 2 × l meters in 30 seconds      ----(1) 

⇒ (l + 90) meters in 30 seconds      (∵ While crossing a platform, train covered its own length and platform's length.)      ----(2) 

On comparing (1) and (2),

⇒ 2 × l = l + 90

⇒ l = 90 meters

Now,

Speed of the train = (Total distance covered/Total time taken)

⇒ (90 + 90)/30

⇒ 6 m/s

∴ The speed of the train is 6m/s.

Given:

The selling price of an item at 20% loss = Rs. 1200 

Concept used:

C.P = S.P × 100/(100 – L%)

S.P = C.P × (100 + P%)/100 

Where,

C.P → Cost price 

S.P → Selling price 

L% → Loss% 

P% → Profit% 

Calculations:

C.P = S.P × 100/(100 – L%)

⇒ C.P = 1200 × 100/(100 – 20)

⇒ C.P = 1200 × 100/80

⇒ C.P = 1500

S.P of the item for 5% profit.

S.P = 1500 × 105/100 

⇒ 1575 

∴ The required selling price is Rs. 1575

Concept used:

Profit % = {(Selling Price – Cost Price)/Cost Price} × 100

Solutions:

Suppose the salesman sells 1 kg of rice and cost of 1 kg rice is Rs. 100

Dealer claimed he sold the rice at 5% loss

Selling Price of the rice = 100 × (95/100) = Rs. 95

Dealer uses a faulty weight and weighs 20% less

Cost price of the rice = 100 × (80/100) = Rs. 80

Profit % = {(Selling Price – Cost Price)/Cost Price} × 100

⇒ Profit % = {(95 – 80)/80} × 100

⇒ Profit % = (15/80) × 100 = 75/4 = 18.75%

∴ Profit earned by dealer is 18.75%

Concept used:

Follow BODMAS rule to solve this question, as per the order given below

Calculations:

35% of 450 – 75% of 196 = ?

⇒ (35/100) × 450 – (75/100) × 196 = ?

⇒ 157.5 – 147 = ?

⇒ 10.5 = ? 

∴ The value of ? is 10.5

Given:

Ratio = 2 : 3 : 4

Total amount = 216

Calculation:

50 Paise coin = 0.5 Rupee

25 Paise coin = 0.25 Rupee

Let 1 Rupee coin be X

⇒ 2X + (3X × 0.5) + (4X × 0.25) = 216

⇒ 4.5X = 216

∴ X = 48

Number of 50 Paise coins = 3X = 3 × 48 = 144

Given:

The ratio of the speed of the bike, van and lorry = 3 ∶ 7 ∶ 5 

Distance covers by lorry = 360 km 

Time taken by lorry to cover = 12 hours 

Concept used:

Speed = Distance/Time 

Average = (Total sum)/(Total terms)

Calculations:

Let the speed of the bike, van and lorry be 3x, 7x and 5x respectively 

Speed of lorry = 360/12 = 30 km/h 

⇒ 5x = 30 

⇒ x = 6 

Speed of bike = 3x = 3 × 6 = 18 

Speed of van = 7x = 7 × 6 = 42 

Average speed of bike and van = (18 + 42)/2 = 30 km/h 

∴ Average speed of bike and van is 30 km/h

Given:

The ratio of the wages of Man, Woman and Child = 5 ∶ 4 ∶ 3 

Time taken by man, woman and child together to finish the work = 15 days 

Concept used:

The ratio of the wages always directly proportional to the efficiency

Total work = Time × Efficiency  

Calculations:

The ratio of the efficiency of Man, Woman and Child = 5 ∶ 4 ∶ 3 

Lets the efficiency of Man, Woman and Child be 5x, 4x and 3x respectively 

Total efficiency of Man, Woman and Child together = 5x + 4x + 3x = 12x 

Total work = 12x × 15 = 180x 

Time taken by a Child to finish the work alone = 180x/3x = 60 days 

∴ Time taken by a child to finish the work alone is 60 days

Given:

A and B can do a work in 12 days.

B and C can do it in 15 days

C and A can do it in 20 days

Calculation:

Work done by A and B in 1 day = 1/12      ….(i)

Work done by B and C in 1 day = 1/15      ….(ii)

Work done by C and A in 1 day = 1/20      ….(iii)

Adding (i), (ii) and (iii) we get

Work done by 2(A + B + C ) = 1/12 + 1/15 + 1/20

⇒ (5 + 4 + 3)/60 = 12/60 = 1/5

⇒ Work done by 1 × (A + B + C ) = (1/5) × 1/2 

⇒ Work done by A, B & C in 1 day = 1/10.

∴ A, B and C together can complete the work in 10 days

Given:

Ratio of volume of three containers = 3 ∶ 4 ∶ 5

Ratio of milk and water in container 1 = 4 ∶ 1

Ratio of milk and water in container 2 = 3 ∶ 1

Ratio of milk and water in container 3 = 3 ∶ 2

Calculation:

First we have to make the sum of ratios equal

Ratio of milk and water in container 1 = 4/1 = (4 × 4)/(1 × 4) = 16/4

Ratio of milk and water in container 2 = 3/1 = (3 × 5)/(1 × 5) = 15/5

Ratio of milk and water in container 3 = 3/2 = (3 × 4)/(2 × 4) = 12/8

As they are mixed in the ratio 3 ∶ 4 ∶ 5

Milk = 16 × 3 + 15 × 4 + 12 × 5 = 168

Water = 3 × 4 + 5 × 4 + 8 × 5 = 72

Ratio of milk to water = 168 ∶ 72 = 7 ∶ 3

∴ Ratio of milk and water is 7 ∶ 3

Alternate MethodRatio of the volume of three containers = 3 ∶ 4 ∶ 5

Assume,

The volumes of 3 containers are 30, 40, and 50 respectively.

The ratio of milk and water in container 1 = 4 ∶ 1 = 5(total)

Volume of first containers = 30 / 5 = 6

Milk = 4 × 6 = 24 and water = 1 × 6 = 6

Again,

The ratio of milk and water in container 2 = 3 ∶ 1 = 4(total)

Volume of 2nd containers = 40 / 4 = 10

Milk = 3 × 10 = 30 and Water = 1 × 10 = 10

Again,

The ratio of milk and water in container 3 = 3 ∶ 2 = 5(total)

Volume of 3rd containers = 50/5 = 10

Milk = 3 × 10 = 30 and Water = 2 × 10 = 20

The liquid of all three containers is poured into the 4th container,

Total milk = 24 + 30 + 30 = 84

Total water = 6 + 10 + 20 = 36 

Ratio of milk and water = 84 : 36 = 7 : 3

Given:

Ratio of male to female = 3 ∶ 7

Children % among male = 25%

Children % among female = 30%

Number of adult males = 18000

Calculation:

Let the number of males and females be 3x and 7x respectively

Total population = 3x + 7x = 10x

Percentage of adult males = (100 - 25)% = 75%

Adult males = 75% of 3x = 9x/4

⇒ 18000 = 9x/4

⇒ 9x = 18000 × 4 = 72000

⇒ x = 8000

Total population = 10x = 10 × 8000 = 80000

∴ Total population of the city is 80,000

Given:

Rent on odd day = Rs. 1000

Rent on even day = Rs. 2000

Total amount = Rs. 30000

Calculation:

Total rent on one even and one odd day = Rs. (2000 + 1000) 

⇒ Total rent of one even and one odd day = Rs. 3000

⇒ Total rent paid in 2 days = Rs. 3000

⇒ Total rent paid in 2 × 10 days = Rs. 3000 × 10 = Rs. 30000

∴ Total duration for which room was rented is 20 days

Given:

50% of the parents donated an average of Rs. 1200

60% of the total donation = Donation of 50% of the parents

Formula used:

Total = Average × Number of observations

Calculation:

Let total parents be 100, and total donation be Rs. x

50% of total parents = 50% of 100 = 50

Total amount paid by 50 parents = 1200 × 50 = 60000

60% of the total donation = 60000

⇒ 60% of x = 60000

⇒ x = 100000

Remaining amount = Total amount – 60000

⇒ Remaining amount = 100000 – 60000 = 40000

This amount is to be paid by 50 parents

The average amount to be paid by the rest of the parents (i.e. 50) = 40000/50 = Rs. 800

∴ The average amount to be paid by the rest of the parents is Rs. 800

Given, the ratio in which the amount is divided = $\frac{4}{5};:;2;:;\frac{5}{3}$

Before we solve it further, we simplify this ratio by making the denominators of the individual entities common. In this case, the LCM of the denominators will be 15 since LCM [5, 1, 3] = 15.

Hence, we adjust each of the individual entities to obtain 15 as the denominator. Therefore, we have:

$\frac{{4 \times 3}}{{15}}:\frac{{2 \times 15}}{{15}}:\frac{{\left( {5 \times 5} \right)}}{{15}} = \frac{{12}}{{15}}:\frac{{30}}{{15}}:\frac{{25}}{{15}} = 12;:30;:;25$

Hence,

the ratio in which the amount is divided = 12 : 30 : 25

Therefore, the amount that A receives = $\frac{{12}}{{\left( {12 + 30 + 25} \right)}} \times 13400 = \frac{{12}}{{67}} \times 13400 = 2400$

The amount that B receives = $\frac{{30}}{{67}} \times 13400 = 6000$

The amount that C receives = $\frac{{25}}{{67}} \times 13400 = 5000$

Shortcut Trick

Total Cost Price = 42000 + 6000 = ₹48000

Ratio of Total CP : SP = 48000 : 54000 = 8 : 9

Profit = 9 − 8 = 1 unit

Profit % = (1 ÷ 8) × 100 = 12.5%

∴ The correct answer is 12.5%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Cost price of the scooter = ₹42000

Amount spent on repairs = ₹6000

Selling price of the scooter = ₹54000

Formula Used:

Total CP = Initial CP + Overhead charges

Profit = SP − Total CP

Profit % = (Profit ÷ Total CP) × 100

Calculations:

⇒ Total CP = 42000 + 6000 = ₹48000

⇒ Profit = 54000 − 48000 = ₹6000

⇒ Profit % = (6000 ÷ 48000) × 100

⇒ Profit % = (1 ÷ 8) × 100

⇒ Profit % = 12.5%

∴ The correct answer is 12.5%.

Additional Information

Overhead Expenses

Additional expenses such as transportation, labour, taxes, or repairs are always added to the original Cost Price to determine the effective Total Cost Price before calculating any profit or loss.

Profit and Loss Baseline

Profit or loss percentage is fundamentally calculated on the Cost Price (CP) unless a question explicitly states to calculate it on the Selling Price (SP).

Important Fractional Values

Knowing standard fractional percentages speeds up calculations. For example, 1/8 = 12.5%, 1/6 = 16.66%, 1/9 = 11.11%, and 1/12 = 8.33%.

The logic followed here is:

For Square : Cube

• A Square is a 2D structure and a Cube is a 3D structure.
• A Cube comprises squares on its surfaces.

Similarly,

For Rectangle : ?

• A rectangle is a 2D structure.
• A 3D structure which comprises rectangles on its surfaces is Cuboid

Hence, "Option 3" is the correct answer. 

Additional Information2D structures have length and breadth.

3D structures have length, breadth, and height also.

Here the logic is:

France : Paris

• Paris city is the capital of France.

Similarly,

Cuba : Havana 

• Havana city is the capital of Cuba.

Hence, the correct answer is "Cuba : Havana".

Additional Information

The logic followed here is:

Work : Joule → SI unit of Work is Joule.

Similarly,

Inductance : Henry → SI unit of Inductance is Henry.

Additional Information

Hence, the correct answer is  "Henry".

The logic followed here is:

• Lauded is the synonym of Acclaimed which means to declare enthusiastic approval of something.

Similarly,

• Deliberate is the synonym of Calculated which means decided on as a result of careful thought.

Hence,  the correct answer is "Calculated".

Additional Information

The logic followed here is:

All options except “Toad” are reptiles, while “Toad” is an amphibian.

Additional Information

Hence, the correct answer is "Toad".

The logic followed here is:

All except "France" are Asian countries, whereas "France" is a European country.

 

Hence, the correct answer is "France".

The logic followed here is:

All Words are synonyms of each other except “Significant“ . Here “Significant“ is antonym of other three words.

Here, “Significant” is the odd one out.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

We have to check the each Figure:

Image A:

 

In this image polygon have a smiling emoji inside it.

Image B:

In this image polygon have a smiling emoji inside it.

Image C:

In this image polygon have a smiling emoji inside it.

Image D:

In this image polygon have a sad emoji inside it.

So, the Image D is different from all.

Hence, the correct answer is "D".

We have check all the Options:

Option (1):

Here, the figure has small circle filled with white color.

Option (2):

Here, the figure has small circle filled with dark color.

Option (3):

Here, the figure has small circle filled with white color.

Option (4):

Here, the figure has small circle filled with white color.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The logic followed here is:

(1): 

- Four parts of the figures are filled with black colour such that the filled parts are opposite to each other.

(2): 

- Four parts of the figures are filled with black colour such that the filled parts are opposite to each other.

(3): 

• Only one face is opposite to each other.

(4): 

- Four parts of the figures are filled with black colour such that the filled parts are opposite to each other.

As option (3) is different from other figures.

Hence, ‘option 3’ is the odd one out.

Except Decagon, all others are related to Indian Air Force.

So, "ANCEDOG" is the odd one out.

Hence, the correct answer is "ANCEDOG".

The pattern for the code is as follows :

Similarly,

Thus, the correct answer is “GBSNFS”.

Spring and Autumn are types of seasons.

The correct Venn diagram representation is,

Hence, the correct answer is  "option (3)".

Some women can be a gardener and an author at the same time.

The correct Venn diagram representation is,

Hence,the correct answer is "option (4)".

Iron, Lead and Nitrogen are entirely different from each other.

1. Nitrogen is a gas.
2. Iron is a solid metal.
3. Lead is present as solid and also in liquid form.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)"

Bonus and Dividend are different from each other. But both these are parts of profit.

The correct Venn diagram is,

Hence, the correct answer is "option (2)".

Ocean is a water-form on earth whereas sun is a star away from the earth.

Therefore, the Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between sun, earth, and ocean is

 

Hence, the correct answer is  "option (3)".

The embedded part of this image is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The embedded part of this image is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The figure which will complete the pattern of the question figure is given below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The figure which will complete the pattern of the question figure is given below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

As we can see that below image represent Completion of incomplete pattern.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".