SSC CHSL Tier-1 2024: Official Paper (Held On: 08 Jul, 2024 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the omission of the article "a" before the term "good cup of coffee."
• Singular countable nouns typically require an article ("a" or "an").
• The correct phrase should be "like a good cup of coffee," ensuring grammatical correctness and clarity.
• Thus, the error is located in part 3 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: "In this cold weather, there’s nothing like a good cup of coffee."

 

Additional Information

• 1) cup of coffee – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• 2) In this cold weather – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• 4) there’s nothing – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.

The correct answer is Option 3.

 

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the use of the article "an" before the term "quiet street."
• The article "an" is used before words that begin with a vowel sound, whereas "quiet" begins with a consonant sound.
• The correct phrase should be "a quiet street," ensuring grammatical correctness and clarity.
• Thus, the error is located in Option 3 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: "There’s a quiet street down the left that you can use for your dance practice."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "down the left" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• Option 2: "for your dance practice" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• Option 4: "that you can use" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the incorrect use of the article "a" before the term "apple."
• The correct article to use before "apple" is "an," not "a."
• The correct phrase should be "of an apple," ensuring grammatical correctness and clarity.
• Thus, the error is located in part 2 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: "A part of an apple is rotten."

 

Additional Information

• Part 1: "A part" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• Part 3: "apple is" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• Part 4: "rotten." – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the incorrect verb form "applauds" used after "was".
• The verb should be in the past participle form to match the passive voice construction.
• The correct verb form should be "applauded".
• Thus, the error is located in Option 1 of the sentence.

Correct Sentence: "The general’s address was applauded by all sections of society."

 

Additional Information

• Option 4: "The general’s address" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• Option 3: "by all sections" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• Option 2: "of society." – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• The correct preposition to use here is "to" because the benefits are directed towards our everyday lives.
• "To" indicates the direction or purpose of the benefits provided by trees.
• "With," "in," and "for" are not fitting prepositions for this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• The word "curb" is the most appropriate choice as it means to restrain or keep in check, which fits the context of addressing climate change.
• "Cut," "crib," and "crust" do not fit the context as effectively.
• "Curb climate change" is a commonly used phrase in environmental discussions.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

The correct answer is 'planting'.

 

Key Points

• The passage discusses the benefits and solutions associated with tree planting.
• The appropriate gerund should indicate an action that can help the environment and biodiversity.
• "Planting" fits well as it denotes an action that directly contributes to the restoration of forests and combating climate change.
• Other options ("by planting", "for planting", "with planting") do not fit the context of describing the action needed for environmental benefits.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

 

Complete Passage: Trees provide so many benefits (1)____ our everyday lives. They filter clean air, provide fresh drinking water, help (2)______ climate change and create homes for thousands of species of plants and animals. (3) Planting a billion trees can help save the Earth from climate change and biodiversity loss. When we restore and (4) _______ critical forests, we remove carbon and support biodiversity. A billion is a big number, but we know we can do it together. (5) _______ the planet by planting your tree today. This can protect and restore forests for future.

 

Additional Information

• By planting: While this phrase indicates the manner of planting, it does not fit the grammatical structure of the passage.
• For planting : This phrase indicates purpose but does not fit in the sentence structure given in the passage.
• With planting: Indicates association but is not suitable in the given context of discussing the benefits of tree planting.

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• The word "conserve" is the most appropriate choice as it means to protect something, especially an environmentally important place or thing, from harm or destruction.
• "Sabotage" means to deliberately destroy or damage, which is the opposite of what is needed in this context.
• "Curtail" means to reduce or limit something, which does not fit with the positive action intended in the passage.
• "Observe" means to watch or monitor, which does not convey the action of protecting forests effectively.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• The word "sustain" is the most appropriate choice as it means to support, maintain, or keep something going over a period of time, which fits well with the context of encouraging ongoing efforts to protect the planet.
• "Complement" means to enhance or complete something else, which doesn't convey the idea of ongoing support in this context.
• "Supplement" means to add something to improve it or make it complete, which again doesn't convey the ongoing support contextually implied by the passage.
• "Denigrate" means to criticize unfairly, which is entirely inappropriate for this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

The correct answer is: Option 1)

Key Points

• The word "Callous" means showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others. (निर्दयी)
• Example: His callous comments about the accident shocked everyone.
• "Cruel" refers to someone who willfully causes pain or suffering to others, or feels no concern about it. (क्रूर)
• Example: She was known for her cruel treatment of her subordinates.

Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'Callous' is 'Cruel'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Generous (उदार): Showing a readiness to give more of something, especially money, than is strictly necessary or expected.
• Example: He was generous with both his time and his money.
• Exhausting (थकाऊ ): Making one feel very tired; very tiring.
• Example: The exhausting climb left them all breathless.
• Affectionate (स्नेही): Readily feeling or showing fondness or tenderness.
• Example: She gave her friend an affectionate hug.

The correct answer is: Option 2..

Key Points

• The word "write" means to mark (letters, words, or other symbols) on a surface, typically paper, with a pen, pencil, or similar implement. (लिखना)
• Example: She likes to write in her journal every night.
• "written" is the past participle of "write" and is used to indicate that an action was completed at some point in the past. (लिखा हुआ)
• Example: The letter was written by her last week.

Hence, we can infer that the correct form to use in the given sentence is 'has written'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Rohit had write (रोहित ने लिखा था): This is grammatically incorrect because "had" should be followed by the past participle "written".
• Example: Incorrect: Rohit had write to them.
• Rohit was beings written (रोहित लिखा जा रहा था): This is grammatically incorrect and makes no sense in the context.
• Example: Incorrect: Rohit was beings written to them.
• Rohit was write (रोहित लिख रहा था): This is also grammatically incorrect because "was" should be followed by the gerund form "writing".
• Example: Incorrect: Rohit was write to them.

The correct answer is: Option 1.

Key Points

• The word "Baffle" means to totally bewilder or perplex; to confuse someone completely. (हक्का-बक्का करना)
• Example: The complex instructions managed to baffle everyone in the room.
• "Confuse" means to make someone unable to think clearly or to understand something. (भ्रमित करना)
• Example: The sudden change in schedule might confuse the participants.

Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'Baffle' is 'Confuse'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Barbarous (बर्बर): Extremely brutal or cruel.
• Example: The barbarous acts of the invaders shocked everyone.
• Explicate (व्याख्या करना): To explain or analyze something in detail.
• Example: The professor asked the students to explicate the poem.
• Equalise (समान करना): To make things equal in size, quantity, or value.
• Example: The government aims to equalise opportunities for all citizens.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• The word "scent" refers to a distinctive smell, which fits the context of the sentence describing perfume.
• The other options do not fit the context: "cent" refers to currency, "send" is a verb meaning to dispatch, and "sent" is the past tense of send.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: "The perfume she uses has a strong scent."

 

Additional Information

• Cent: A unit of currency equal to one hundredth of a dollar.
• Send: To cause something to go or be taken to a particular destination.
• Sent: The past tense of send.

The correct answer is 'resolute'.

 

Key Points

• The sentence requires an adjective that describes a firm, unwavering, and commendable type of commitment that qualifies as "admirable".
• "Resolute" means admirably purposeful, determined, and unwavering, which fits the context precisely.
• While "strong" is grammatically possible, "resolute" is the more precise and elevated vocabulary choice specifically used to collocate with qualities like commitment, determination, or resolve.
• "Shakeable" (easily disrupted) and "wavering" (hesitant or unsteady) convey negative meanings that contradict the word "admirable".

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

 

Additional Information

• Resolute (दृढ़ / अडिग): Admirably purposeful, determined, and unwavering.
• Shakeable (डांवाडोल होने योग्य): Capable of being shaken or weakened.
• Wavering (डगमगाता हुआ): Becoming weaker or unsteady.

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• The idiom "hit below the belt" means to act unfairly or unscrupulously, which fits the context of cheating on an exam to win a bet.
• The other options do not fit the context as accurately as "hit below the belt."
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Sentence: Mala hit below the belt by cheating on the exam to win her bet with Priya.

 

Additional Information

• Hit below the belt: This idiom originates from boxing, where hitting below the belt is against the rules and considered unfair play.
• Get the sack: Used in workplace contexts, meaning to be dismissed from a job.
• Fell out: Refers to having a disagreement or argument, usually resulting in a breakdown of a relationship.
• Look down upon: Means to regard someone or something with a feeling of superiority or disdain.

The correct answer is Option 1.

 

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the spelling error in the word "commitee."
• The correct spelling should be "committee."
• The error is located in segment 1 of the sentence.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Sentence: "To submit a report on the recent fire accident, a high level committee has been formed."

 

Additional Information

• Segment 2: "has been formed" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• Segment 3: "To submit a report" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• Segment 4: "on the recent fire accident" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.

The correct answer is: Option 3.

Key Points

• The word "gregarious" means fond of company; sociable. (समाजप्रिय)
• Example: He is a gregarious person who enjoys being around others.
• "Gregairious" is the incorrect spelling of the word and should be corrected to "gregarious". (समाजप्रिय)
• Example: She is known for her gregarious nature and loves attending social events.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 3 i.e. gregarious.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• ratedd (रेटेड): This is an incorrect spelling. The correct spelling is "rated".
• Example: The movie was rated highly by critics.
• criticicm (आलोचना): This is an incorrect spelling. The correct spelling is "criticism".
• Example: She faced a lot of criticism for her controversial statements.
• stomac (पेट): This is an incorrect spelling. The correct spelling is "stomach".
• Example: He had a stomach ache after eating too much.

The correct answer is: Option 1.

Key Points

• The word "beautiful" means pleasing the senses or mind aesthetically. (सुंदर)
• Example: She wore a beautiful dress to the party.
• "Handsome" refers to a good-looking, attractive, and well-proportioned appearance, typically used for males. (सुंदर)
• Example: He was a handsome young man with a charming smile.

Hence, "handsome" is more appropriate when referring to a male youth, as it is commonly used to describe male attractiveness.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Option 2: "in a handsome youth" (एक सुंदर युवक में): Incorrect preposition usage.
• Example: Incorrect: He has grown in a handsome youth.
• Option 3: "a beautiful youth" (एक सुंदर युवक): Does not require substitution but is less commonly used for males.
• Example: Incorrect: He has grown a beautiful youth.
• Option 4: "in a beautiful youth" (एक सुंदर युवक में): Incorrect preposition usage.
• Example: Incorrect: He has grown in a beautiful youth.

The correct answer is: Option 2.

Key Points

• The word "smile" means to form one's features into a pleased, kind, or amused expression, typically with the corners of the mouth turned up and the front teeth exposed. (मुस्कुराना)
• Example: She couldn't help but smile when she saw the surprise party.
• "Smiled" is the past tense of "smile", indicating that the action has already happened. (मुस्कुराया)
• Example: He smiled warmly at the guests as they entered the room.

Hence, the correct substitution for the given sentence is 'smiled'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• has smiled (मुस्कुराया है): Indicates a present perfect tense, suggesting the action happened at an unspecified time before now.
• Example: She has smiled at everyone she met today.
• was smiled (मुस्कुराया गया): This is incorrect usage because "smile" is not typically used in the passive voice.
• Example: Incorrect: He was smiled by the crowd.
• No substitution required (कोई प्रतिस्थापन आवश्यक नहीं): This would be correct if the original sentence was accurate, but it is not in this case.

The correct answer is: Option 2.

Key Points

• The word "venom" means a toxic substance produced by some animals such as snakes and spiders, typically injected into prey or aggressors by biting or stinging. (विष)
• Example: The snake's venom can be fatal if not treated promptly.
• "Poison" refers to a substance that is capable of causing illness or death if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed. (ज़हर)
• Example: The old bottle was labeled with a skull and crossbones, indicating it contained poison.
• Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'venom' is 'poison'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 2.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Fruit juice (फलों का रस): The liquid that is naturally contained in fruit.
• Example: She enjoys a glass of fresh fruit juice every morning.
• Honey (शहद): A sweet, viscous food substance made by bees.
• Example: Honey is often used as a natural sweetener in tea.
• Butter (मक्खन): A dairy product made from churning milk or cream.
• Example: She spread butter on her toast for breakfast.

The correct answer is: Option 1.

Key Points

• The word "compulsory" means something that is required by law or a rule; obligatory. (अनिवार्य)
• Example: Wearing seat belts in cars is compulsory in many countries.
• "Voluntary" refers to something that is done, given, or acting of one's own free will. (स्वैच्छिक)
• Example: Participation in the charity event was entirely voluntary.

Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'compulsory' is 'voluntary'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Obligatory (अनिवार्य): Required by a legal, moral, or other rule; compulsory.
• Example: It is obligatory for students to attend the assembly.
• Compliantly (अनुपालन करते हुए): In a manner that shows a willingness to comply with a request or command.
• Example: She followed the instructions compliantly.
• Overtly (खुलेआम): In an open and observable manner; not hidden or secret.
• Example: The company overtly supports environmental causes.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the incorrect verb form "are decorate."
• The correct form should be the present continuous "are decorating."
• Present continuous tense is used to indicate actions happening at the moment of speaking.
• Thus, the error is in the verb form used in the sentence.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Sentence: "We are decorating the living-room at the moment."

 

Additional Information

• Option 1: "We are being decorating" – This option is incorrect because "being" is unnecessary and incorrect in this context.
• Option 2: "We are decorates" – This option is incorrect because "decorates" is not the correct form of the verb to use with "are".
• Option 3: "We are being decorate" – This option is incorrect because the structure is grammatically incorrect.
• Option 4: "We are decorating" – This is the correct option as it properly uses the present continuous tense.

The correct answer is: Option 2.

Key Points

• The idiom "Where the shoe pinches" means to identify the specific point where a problem or difficulty lies. (जहां कठिनाई है)
• Example: After listening to the complaints, the manager knew where the shoe pinches for the employees.
• "Where the difficulty lies" is an expression used to indicate the exact point or aspect where a problem exists. (जहां कठिनाई है)
• Example: Understanding where the difficulty lies helps in finding a solution more effectively.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 2.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Where the shoe hurts (जहां जूता दर्द करता है): This phrase is similar in meaning to the correct answer but is less commonly used in idiomatic expressions.
• Example: He finally realized where the shoe hurts in his plan.
• Unknown paths (अज्ञात मार्ग): Refers to paths or ways that are not known or explored.
• Example: Venturing into unknown paths requires courage and preparation.
• Difficult roads (कठिन रास्ते): Refers to roads or paths that are challenging to travel.
• Example: The difficult roads ahead did not deter them from their journey.

The correct answer is Option 4.

 

Key Points

• The correct possessive form of "they" is "their," which is used to indicate something that belongs to them.
• The word "theirs" is a possessive pronoun that stands alone and does not precede a noun.
• "There" is used to refer to a place or position, not possession.
• "They're" is a contraction of "they are" and is not possessive.
• Therefore, "their" is the appropriate word to indicate possession in this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

The correct answer is: Option 2)

Key Points

• The word "logical" means something that is sensible or reasonable; it follows a clear, rational process of thinking or reasoning. (तार्किक)
• Example: His argument was logical and well-structured, making it easy to understand.
• "Illogical" refers to something that does not make sense or lacks clear, rational thought; it is the opposite of logical. (अतार्किक)
• Example: Her decision to walk alone in the forest at night was completely illogical and unsafe.

Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'logical' is 'illogical'.​

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Subtle (सूक्ष्म): So delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyze or describe.
• Example: The artist's use of color in the painting was very subtle and elegant.
• Reasonable (उचित): Fair and sensible, based on good judgment.
• Example: The manager provided a reasonable explanation for their decision.
• Random (यादृच्छिक): Made, done, or happening without method or conscious decision.
• Example: The winning numbers in the lottery are chosen at random.

Given : 35 × 16 + 3 ÷ 156 - 12 = ?

According to the question, after '+' and '×' are interchanged and '-' and '÷' are interchanged:

35 × 16 + 3 ÷ 156 - 12 = ? ⇒ 35 + 16 × 3 - 156 ÷ 12 = ?

⇒ 35 + 16 × 3 - 156 ÷ 12 = ?

⇒ 35 + 16 × 3 - 13 = ?

⇒ 35 + 48 - 13 = ?

⇒ 83 - 13 = ?

⇒ 70 = ?

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer.

Decoding symbols:

Given: D + E × F – G

D + E → D is the husband of E.

E × F → E is the mother of F.

F – G → F is the sister of G.

Thus, F is D's daughter.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4"

The logic followed here is:

Hence, "Option 2" is the correct answer.

Alternate Method

The logic followed here is:

'WYNK' is coded as '9243'

'YAWN' is coded as '3941'

Therefore, 'A' will be coded as '1'.

Hence, "Option 2" is the correct answer.

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given: While introducing Madhav, Jihaan said, “I am the only son of one the sons of his mother.

Case 1) 

Case 2) 

Thus, Madhav can be either father or paternal uncle of Jihaan.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1"

The image embedded in the given figure is as shown below :

∴ Here, the given figure is embedded in the Option Figure 3.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The number of triangles in the given figure is shown below:

Thus, as marked there are a total of 6 triangles.

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer

The logic followed here is:

Hence, "Option 3" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1^st number × 3) = 2^nd number.

Now,

For, 13 : 39

⇒ (13 × 3) = 39.

For, 25 : 75

⇒ (25 × 3) = 75.

Similarly, for 42 ∶ ?

⇒ (42 × 3) = 126.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, "Option 2" is the correct answer.

The image embedded in the given figure is as shown below :

∴ Here, the given figure is embedded in the Option Figure 4.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given: 05 August 2005 was Friday.

Now,

2005 to 2011 = 6 Years (5 Ordinary Year and 1 Leap Year).

And, In 6 Years = 1 Leap Year and 5 Ordinary Years.

So, 1 Leap Year has 2 odd days,

And, 5 Ordinary Years have 5 odd days.

Total odd days = 2 + 5 = 7.

7 odd days → 7/7 = 1 week and 0 odd days.

then, 05 August 2011 will be Friday + 0 = Friday.

Now, the number of days between 17 April 2011 to 05 August 2011

= 13(Apr) + 31(May) + 30(June) + 31(July) + 5(Aug) = 110 days.

= 110 days → 110/7 = 15 weeks and 5 odd day.

So, 17 April 2011 will be Friday - 5 = Sunday.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given Equation: 45 B 6 D 78 A 3 C 15 = ?

BODMAS Rule:

Decoding the given information:

 

Now replacing the sign from left to right using BODMAS Rule, we get:

⇒ 45 × 6 - 78 ÷ 3 + 15 = ?

⇒ 45 × 6 - 26 + 15 = ?

⇒ 270 - 26 + 15 = ?

⇒ 285 - 26 = 259.

Hence, the correct option is "Option 1".

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given : 61 + 80 - 48 × 3 ÷ 5 = ?

According to the question, after '+' and '-' are interchanged and '×' and '÷' are interchanged:

61 + 80 - 48 × 3 ÷ 5 = ? ⇒ 61 - 80 + 48 ÷ 3 × 5 = ?

⇒ 61 - 80 + 48 ÷ 3 × 5 = ?

⇒ 61 - 80 + 16 × 5 = ?

⇒ 61 + 80 - 80 = ?

⇒ 141 - 80 = ?

⇒ 61 = ?

Hence, "Option 3" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

‘power’ is coded as ‘45978’

‘rain’ is coded as ‘7312’

Therefore, 'r' is coded as '7'.

Hence, "Option 1" is the correct answer.

Given word: 'TRAMPOLINE'

After arranged in alphabetical order:

 

After arranged in alphabetical order,

Fourth alphabet from the left end is: L,

First alphabet from the right end is: T,

Now,

there are 7 letters between L and T.

 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below :

Conclusions:

I. All grass are streams → Does not follow (As all streams are grass. So it is possible but not definite.)

II. Some grass are huts → Does not follow (As some rivers are huts and some grass are rivers. So it is possible but not definite)

∴ Here, Neither conclusion (I) nor (II) follows.​

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3"

The logic followed here is:

Logic: 1^st number + 14 = 2^nd number; 2^nd number + 14 = 3^rd number.

Now,

For, (75, 89, 103):

⇒ 75 + 14 = 89

⇒ 89 + 14 = 103

For, (98, 112, 126):

⇒ 98 + 14 = 112

⇒ 112 + 14 = 126

Similarly, For, (82, 96, 110):

⇒ 82 + 14 = 96

⇒ 96 + 14 = 110

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

1. The whole element rotates 45º clockwise.

Thus, final series is:

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

TOWB is related to CVDU

And,

VKFA is related to BRMW

Similarly,

CMZU is related to

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer.

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

'YPCLY' is related to 'RIVER'

And,

'ZWHJL' is related to 'SPACE'

Similarly,

'TVJRALZA' is related to

Hence, "Option 1" is the correct answer.

Given:

Number of Literature books in 2020 = 4000

Number of Literature books in 2023 = 2000

Formula used:

Change in number of books = Number of books in 2023 - Number of books in 2020

Calculation:

Change in number of books = 2000 - 4000

⇒ Change in number of books = -2000

∴ The correct answer is option (1).

What is the value of the following expression?

420 ÷ $\left[\frac{4}{9} \times\left(1+\frac{4}{5}\right) \times 5\right]$ + $\left[\frac{5}{7} \text { of } \frac{21}{25} \div \frac{3}{4} \text { of } \frac{2}{5}\right]$

Calculations:

Part 1: Calculate $\frac{4}{9} \times \left(1+\frac{4}{5}\right) \times 5$

⇒ $\left(1+\frac{4}{5}\right) = \frac{9}{5}$

⇒ $\frac{4}{9} \times \frac{9}{5} \times 5$

⇒ $\frac{4 \times 9 \times 5}{9 \times 5} = 4$

Part 2: Calculate $\frac{5}{7} \text { of } \frac{21}{25} \div \frac{3}{4} \text { of } \frac{2}{5}$

⇒ $\frac{5}{7} \times \frac{21}{25} \div \left(\frac{3}{4} \times \frac{2}{5}\right)$

⇒ $\frac{3}{4} \times \frac{2}{5} = \frac{6}{20} = \frac{3}{10}$

⇒ $\frac{5}{7} \times \frac{21}{25} \div \frac{3}{10}$

⇒ $\frac{5}{7} \times \frac{21}{25} \times \frac{10}{3}$

⇒ $\frac{5 \times 21 \times 10}{7 \times 25 \times 3}$

⇒ $\frac{1050}{525} = 2$

Final Expression:

⇒ $\frac{420}{4} + 2$

⇒ $105 + 2 = 107$

∴ The value of the expression is 107.

Given:

The area of an isosceles right-angled triangle is 16 m².

Formula used:

Area of an isosceles right-angled triangle = (1/2) × base × height

Since it is an isosceles right-angled triangle, base = height

Let base = height = x

So, Area = (1/2) × x × x = (1/2) × x²

Calculation:

(1/2) × x² = 16

⇒ x² = 32

⇒ x = √32

⇒ x = 4√2

Hypotenuse of an isosceles right-angled triangle = x√2

⇒ Hypotenuse = 4√2 × √2

⇒ Hypotenuse = 4 × 2

⇒ Hypotenuse = 8 m

∴ The correct answer is option 4.

Given:

The speed of a boat in still water is 12 km/h, and the speed of the stream is 3 km/h. A man goes to a place by boat, 45 km and comes back to the starting point.

Formula used:

Speed downstream = (Speed of boat + Speed of stream)

Speed upstream = (Speed of boat - Speed of stream)

Time = Distance / Speed

Calculation:

Speed downstream = 12 + 3 = 15 km/h

Speed upstream = 12 - 3 = 9 km/h

Time taken to travel 45 km downstream:

⇒ Time_downstream = 45 / 15 = 3 hours

Time taken to travel 45 km upstream:

⇒ Time_upstream = 45 / 9 = 5 hours

Total time taken:

⇒ Total Time = Time_downstream + Time_upstream

⇒ Total Time = 3 + 5 = 8 hours

∴ The correct answer is option 1.

Given:

From a circular sheet of circumference 264 cm, two equal maximum-sized circular plates are cut off.

Formula used:

Circumference of a circle = 2πr

Calculation:

Total circumference of the sheet = 264 cm

Since two equal maximum-sized circular plates are cut off, the circumference of each plate will be half of the total circumference.

⇒ Circumference of each plate = 264 cm / 2

⇒ Circumference of each plate = 132 cm

∴ The correct answer is option 1.

Simplify:

$4 \frac{1}{4} \times 4 \frac{1}{4}-2 \times 4 \frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{4}$

Formula used:

Convert mixed fractions to improper fractions for simplification

Calculations:

4 ¹/₄ = (4 × 4 + 1) ÷ 4 = 17 ÷ 4

⇒ The expression becomes:

(17 ÷ 4) × (17 ÷ 4) - 2 × (17 ÷ 4) × (1 ÷ 4) + (1 ÷ 4) × (1 ÷ 4)

⇒ (289 ÷ 16) - (2 × 17 ÷ 16) + (1 ÷ 16)

⇒ (289 ÷ 16) - (34 ÷ 16) + (1 ÷ 16)

⇒ (289 - 34 + 1) ÷ 16

⇒ 256 ÷ 16

⇒ 16

∴ The simplified value is 16.

Given:

Candidate secured votes = 47%

Difference in votes = 276

Formula used:

Let total votes be V.

Votes secured by the winning candidate = 53% of V

Votes secured by the losing candidate = 47% of V

Difference = 53% of V - 47% of V

Calculation:

276 = 53% of V - 47% of V

⇒ 276 = (53/100)V - (47/100)V

⇒ 276 = (6/100)V

⇒ 276 = 0.06V

⇒ V = 276 / 0.06

⇒ V = 4600

∴ The correct answer is option (2).

Given:

Total Revenue for 2020 = ₹25,00,000

Total Units Exported in 2020 = 20,000 units

Distribution of revenue and units for the five different types of batteries are provided in the charts.

Formula used:

Revenue per unit = Total Revenue from Type of Battery / Total Units Sold of that Type

Calculation:

Let's assume the following data based on the charts:

Type of Battery | Revenue (₹) | Units Sold

Li-ion | ₹8,75,000 | 6,000 units

Sodium | ₹1,25,000 | 400 units

M-Air | ₹5,00,000  | 4,000 units

Lead Acid  | ₹6,25,000 | 7,000 units

S-capacitor | ₹3,75,000 | 2,600 units

Revenue per unit for each type:

Li-ion : ₹ 8,75,000/6000 units

⇒ ₹ 145.83/unit

Sodium : ₹1,25,000 / 400 units

⇒ ₹312.5/unit

M-air: ₹5,00,000/ 4,000 units

⇒ ₹125/unit

Lead acid: ₹6,25,000 / 7,000 units

⇒ ₹89.23/unit

S-capacitor: ₹3,75,000 / 2,600 units

⇒ ₹144.23/unit

∴ The correct answer is option 2 (Lead Acid).

Given:

Pradeep sells two fans at ₹480 each and gains 20% on one fan and loses 20% on the other.

Formula used:

Loss = $\dfrac{(Loss\% \times Gain\% \times Cost Price)}{100}$

Calculation:

Let the cost price of the first fan be xxxxxxxxx

          and the cost price of the second fan be yyyyyyyyy

          .

For the first fan:

Selling Price = ₹480

Gain% = 20%

$\text{Selling Price} = \text{Cost Price} + \text{Gain}$

⇒ x + 0.2x = 480

⇒ 1.2x = 480 

⇒ x = 400

For the second fan:

Selling Price = ₹480

Loss% = 20%

$\text{Selling Price} = \text{Cost Price} - \text{Loss}$

⇒ y - 0.2y = 480

⇒ 0.8y = 480

⇒ y = 600

Total Cost Price = 400 + 600 = ₹1000

Total Selling Price = 480 + 480 = ₹960

Total Loss = Cost Price - Selling Price

⇒ 1000 - 960

⇒ 40

∴ The correct answer is option (4).

Given:

In triangle ABC, PQ is parallel to BC, and AC = 5QC.

Formula used:

By the Basic Proportionality Theorem (Thales' Theorem), if a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle, it divides the other two sides proportionally.

$\frac{AP}{AB} = \frac{AQ}{AC} = \frac{PQ}{BC}$

Calculations:

We are given that AC = 5QC, which means:

⇒ AC = QC + AQ

⇒ AQ = AC - QC = 5QC - QC = 4QC

⇒ $\frac{AQ}{AC} = \frac{4QC}{5QC} = \frac{4}{5}$

Hence, by the Basic Proportionality Theorem:

⇒ $\frac{PQ}{BC} = \frac{4}{5}$

∴ The ratio PQ ∶ BC is 4 ∶ 5.

Given:

The marked price of a battery-operated rickshaw = ₹90,000

First discount = 10%

Second discount = 5%

Formula used:

Selling Price after successive discounts = Marked Price × (1 - First Discount) × (1 - Second Discount)

Calculation:

First Discount = 10% = 0.10

Second Discount = 5% = 0.05

Marked Price = ₹90,000

⇒ Selling Price = ₹90,000 × (1 - 0.10) × (1 - 0.05)

⇒ Selling Price = ₹90,000 × 0.90 × 0.95

⇒ Selling Price = ₹90,000 × 0.855

⇒ Selling Price = ₹76,950

∴ The correct answer is option 1.

Shortcut Trick

In isosceles ΔMNT, the altitude to the unequal side NT (48 cm) bisects it into two 24 cm segments.

Height to side NT = √(36² − 24²) = √720 = 12√5 cm.

Area of ΔMNT = 1/2 × 48 × 12√5 = 288√5 cm².

Equating area for base MT: 1/2 × 36 × Altitude = 288√5 cm².

Altitude to MT = (288√5 × 2) ÷ 36 = 16√5 cm.

∴ The correct answer is 16√5 cm.

Alternate Method

Given:

Sides of ΔMNT: MN = 36 cm, MT = 36 cm, and NT = 48 cm.

M N T P Q 36 cm 36 cm 24 cm 24 cm Altitude NP = 16√5 cm

Formula Used:

Semi-perimeter of triangle, s = (a + b + c) ÷ 2

Area of triangle by Heron's Formula = √[s × (s − a) × (s − b) × (s − c)]

Area of triangle = 1/2 × Base × Height

Calculations:

Let the sides of the triangle be a = 36 cm, b = 36 cm, and c = 48 cm.

⇒ Semi-perimeter (s) = (36 + 36 + 48) ÷ 2

⇒ s = 120 ÷ 2 = 60 cm

Using Heron's formula for the area of ΔMNT:

⇒ Area = √[60 × (60 − 36) × (60 − 36) × (60 − 48)]

⇒ Area = √[60 × 24 × 24 × 12]

⇒ Area = 24 × √(60 × 12) = 24 × √720

⇒ Area = 24 × 12√5 = 288√5 cm²

Now, calculate the altitude (h) to the side MT (Base = 36 cm):

⇒ Area = 1/2 × MT × h

⇒ 288√5 = 1/2 × 36 × h

⇒ 288√5 = 18 × h

⇒ h = (288√5) ÷ 18

⇒ h = 16√5 cm

∴ The correct answer is 16√5 cm.

Additional Information

Isosceles Triangle Properties

In an isosceles triangle, the altitude drawn to the unequal side also acts as the median, bisecting the base into two equal segments.

Heron's Formula

It is used to find the area of a triangle when all three side lengths are known: Area = √[s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c)], where s is the semi-perimeter.

Area of a Triangle

The area can also be calculated using any base and its corresponding altitude: Area = 1/2 × Base × Altitude.

Shortcut Trick

Number of small cylinders (n) = (R² × H) ÷ (r² × h)

Where R, H are dimensions of the large cylinder and r, h are for the small cylinder.

n = (6 × 6 × 10) ÷ (2 × 2 × 2.5)

n = 360 ÷ 10 = 36

∴ The correct answer is 36.

Alternate Method

Given:

Radius of large cylinder (R) = 6 cm

Height of large cylinder (H) = 10 cm

Radius of small cylinder (r) = 2 cm

Height of small cylinder (h) = 2.5 cm

The volume of a cylinder is given by the formula: V = πr²h

⇒ Volume of the large cylinder = π × (6)² × 10

⇒ Volume of the large cylinder = π × 36 × 10 = 360π cm³

⇒ Volume of one small cylinder = π × (2)² × 2.5

⇒ Volume of one small cylinder = π × 4 × 2.5 = 10π cm³

⇒ Number of small cylinders (n) = (Volume of large cylinder) ÷ (Volume of small cylinder)

⇒ n = 360π ÷ 10π

⇒ n = 36

∴ The correct answer is 36.

Additional Information

Conservation of Volume

When a solid object is melted and recast into new shapes, the total volume remains the same, provided there is no wastage during the process.

Cylinder Surface Area Formulas

Curved Surface Area (CSA) = 2πrh | Total Surface Area (TSA) = 2πr(r + h).

Radius and Diameter

Always ensure the radius is used in the volume formula; if the diameter (d) is given, use r = d ÷ 2.

Given:

sin θ = 11/12

Formula used:

sin²θ + cos²θ = 1

tan θ = sin θ / cos θ

sec θ = 1 / cos θ

Calculation:

sin²θ + cos²θ = 1

⇒ (11/12)² + cos²θ = 1

⇒ 121/144 + cos²θ = 1

⇒ cos²θ = 1 - 121/144

⇒ cos²θ = 23/144

⇒ cos θ = √(23/144)

⇒ cos θ = √23 / 12

tan θ = sin θ / cos θ

⇒ tan θ = (11/12) / (√23 / 12)

⇒ tan θ = 11 / √23

sec θ = 1 / cos θ

⇒ sec θ = 12 / √23

tan θ + sec θ = (11 / √23) + (12 / √23)

⇒ tan θ + sec θ = (11 + 12) / √23

⇒ tan θ + sec θ = 23 / √23

⇒ tan θ + sec θ = √23

∴ The correct answer is option (2).

Given:

Lowest production

Highest demand

Formula used:

Percentage = (Lowest production / Highest demand) × 100

Calculation:

Lowest production = 1450

Highest demand = 5000

⇒ Percentage = (1450 / 5000) × 100

⇒ Percentage = 29%

∴ The correct answer is option (1).

Given:

A sum of money becomes five times its original value in 15 years at a certain simple interest rate.

Formula used:

Simple Interest (SI) = P × R × T / 100

Amount (A) = Principal (P) + Simple Interest (SI)

Calculation:

Let the Principal be P.

Amount after 15 years = 5P

⇒ 5P = P + (P × R × 15 / 100)

⇒ 5P = P + 15PR / 100

⇒ 5P - P = 15PR / 100

⇒ 4P = 15PR / 100

⇒ R = (4P × 100) / (15P)

⇒ R = 400 / 15

⇒ R = 80 / 3 %

If the sum is invested for twice the time (30 years) at the same rate of interest:

⇒ Amount after 30 years = P + (P × R × 30 / 100)

⇒ Amount after 30 years = P + (P × (80 / 3) × 30 / 100)

⇒ Amount after 30 years = P + (P × 800 / 10)

⇒ Amount after 30 years = P + 8P

⇒ Amount after 30 years = 9P

∴ The money becomes 9 times its original value. The correct answer is option 1.

Given:

R can finish a work in 6 days if he works 10 hours a day.

S can finish it in 5 days if he works 8 hours a day.

Both start a work and work daily for 6 hours.

Formula used:

Work done per hour by R = Total work / (Number of days × Hours per day)

Work done per hour by S = Total work / (Number of days × Hours per day)

Total work done per hour by R and S = Work done per hour by R + Work done per hour by S

Total days to complete the work = Total work / (Total work done per hour by R and S × Hours per day)

Calculations:

Work done per hour by R = 1 / (6 × 10)

⇒ Work done per hour by R = 1 / 60

Work done per hour by S = 1 / (5 × 8)

⇒ Work done per hour by S = 1 / 40

Total work done per hour by R and S = (1 / 60) + (1 / 40)

⇒ Total work done per hour by R and S = (2 + 3) / 120

⇒ Total work done per hour by R and S = 5 / 120

⇒ Total work done per hour by R and S = 1 / 24

Total days to complete the work = 1 / (1 / 24 × 6)

⇒ Total days to complete the work = 24 / 6

⇒ Total days to complete the work = 4

∴ The correct answer is option 3.

Given:

R and S can finish a work in 10 days

S and T can finish a work in 12 days

T and R can finish a work in 8 days

Formula used:

Work done by R and S in 1 day = 1/10

Work done by S and T in 1 day = 1/12

Work done by T and R in 1 day = 1/8

Let work done by R, S, and T in 1 day be r, s, and t respectively

r + s = 1/10

s + t = 1/12

t + r = 1/8

Calculation:

Adding the three equations:

(r + s) + (s + t) + (t + r) = 1/10 + 1/12 + 1/8

⇒ 2r + 2s + 2t = 1/10 + 1/12 + 1/8

⇒ 2(r + s + t) = 1/10 + 1/12 + 1/8

⇒ r + s + t = 1/2 × (1/10 + 1/12 + 1/8)

Calculating the sum:

⇒ 1/10 + 1/12 + 1/8

⇒ 12/120 + 10/120 + 15/120

⇒ 37/120

So,

r + s + t = 1/2 × 37/120

⇒ r + s + t = 37/240

The work done by R, S, and T together in 1 day is 37/240

Therefore, the number of days required to finish the work is:

⇒ 240/37

∴ The correct answer is option 3 (240/37).

Shortcut Trick

Winner's share = 52% of valid votes ⇒ Loser's share = 100% − 52% = 48%

Winning margin = 52% − 48% = 4% of valid votes

We know, 4% = 98 votes ⇒ 100% (Total Valid Votes) = 98 × 25 = 2450

Total votes polled = Valid votes + Invalid votes = 2450 + 68 = 2518

∴ The correct answer is 2518.

Alternate Method

Given:

Number of invalid votes = 68

Winning candidate gets 52% of the valid votes.

Winning margin = 98 votes.

Total Votes = ?

Valid Votes = 100%

Invalid = 68

Win: 52%

Lose: 48%

Margin: 4% = 98 votes

Calculations:

Let the total number of valid votes be x.

⇒ Loser's vote share = (100 − 52)% of x = 48% of x

⇒ Winning margin = Winner's share − Loser's share

⇒ Winning margin = 52% of x − 48% of x = 4% of x

According to the given condition:

⇒ 4% of x = 98

⇒ (4 ÷ 100) × x = 98

⇒ x = 98 × (100 ÷ 4)

⇒ x = 98 × 25

⇒ x = 2450

So, the total number of valid votes is 2450.

⇒ Total votes polled = Valid votes + Invalid votes

⇒ Total votes polled = 2450 + 68 = 2518

∴ The correct answer is 2518.

Additional Information

Total Votes Polled

In election problems, Total Votes Polled = Valid Votes + Invalid Votes. Always calculate the valid votes using the given percentages first before adding the invalid numbers.

Winning Margin Percentage

The percentage by which a candidate wins is the difference between their vote percentage and the runner-up's vote percentage.

Base Percentage Value

To quickly find the base value (100%) when a certain percentage 'P' is known as value 'V', directly use the logic: Base = V × (100 ÷ P).

Given:

Bar graph showing the number of people in different age groups.

Formula used:

Identify the age group with the smallest bar height.

Calculation:

From the bar graph, we observe the number of people in each age group:

Age group 30-39: X people

Age group 50-59: Y people

Age group 80+: Z people

Age group <18: W people

Identify the smallest value among X, Y, Z, and W.

⇒ If W < X, Y, Z, then the age group <18 has the least number of people.

∴ The correct answer is option (4).

Given:

Distance between the centers = 84 cm

Radius of first circle (r₁) = 38 cm

Radius of second circle (r₂) = 26 cm

Formula used:

Length of direct common tangent (L) = √(d² - (r₁ - r₂)²)

Where d = distance between the centers, r₁ and r₂ are the radii of the circles.

Calculation:

⇒ L = √(84² - (38 - 26)²)

⇒ L = √(7056 - 12²)

⇒ L = √(7056 - 144)

⇒ L = √6912

⇒ L = 48√3 cm

∴ The length of the direct common tangent is approximately 48√3 cm.

Given:

Water quantities and temperatures:

• Water 1: 2 litres at 100°C
• Water 2: 18 litres at 32°C

Formula used:

Final temperature (T) after mixing = (m₁ × T₁ + m₂ × T₂) / (m₁ + m₂)

Where m₁ and m₂ are the masses (or volumes in this case, since the density of water is uniform), and T₁ and T₂ are the temperatures of the water.

Calculation:

⇒ T = (2 × 100 + 18 × 32) / (2 + 18)

⇒ T = (200 + 576) / 20

⇒ T = 776 / 20

⇒ T = 38.8°C

∴ The final temperature of the water after mixing is 38.8°C.

Given:

Ramesh's pocket money is first reduced by 25% and then increased by 20%.

Formula used:

Final value = Initial value × (1 - Reduction%) × (1 + Increase%)

Net percentage change = ((Final value - Initial value) / Initial value) × 100

Calculation:

Let the original pocket money be ₹100.

After a 25% reduction:

⇒ ₹100 × (1 - 0.25) = ₹100 × 0.75 = ₹75

Now, increase the reduced amount by 20%:

⇒ ₹75 × (1 + 0.20) = ₹75 × 1.20 = ₹90

Now, calculate the net change:

⇒ Net percentage change = ((90 - 100) / 100) × 100

⇒ Net percentage change = (-10 / 100) × 100

⇒ Net percentage change = -10%

∴ There is a net decrease of 10% in Ramesh's original pocket money.

Given:

The numbers are 25 and 81.

Formula used:

Mean proportional = √(first number × second number)

Calculation:

Mean proportional = √(25 × 81)

⇒ Mean proportional = √2025

⇒ Mean proportional = 45

∴ The mean proportional between 25 and 81 is 45.

Shortcut Trick

Let weight of 1 apple be A and 1 orange be O.

From given: 8A + 10O = 5 and 12A + 20O = 9.

Double the first equation: 16A + 20O = 10. Subtract the second: 4A = 1 → A = 0.25 kg.

Substitute A: 8(0.25) + 10O = 5 → 2 + 10O = 5 → O = 0.3 kg.

Target: 15 × 0.25 + 24 × 0.3 = 3.75 + 7.2 = 10.95 kg.

Rounding 10.95 to the nearest integer gives 11.

∴ The correct answer is 11 kg.

Alternate Method

Given:

Weight of 8 apples and 10 oranges = 5 kg

Weight of 12 apples and 20 oranges = 9 kg

Let the weight of one apple be x kg and one orange be y kg.

⇒ 8x + 10y = 5 --- (Eq. 1)

⇒ 12x + 20y = 9 --- (Eq. 2)

Multiplying (Eq. 1) by 2:

⇒ 16x + 20y = 10 --- (Eq. 3)

Subtracting (Eq. 2) from (Eq. 3):

⇒ (16x − 12x) + (20y − 20y) = 10 − 9

⇒ 4x = 1

⇒ x = 1/4 = 0.25 kg

Substituting x = 0.25 in (Eq. 1):

⇒ 8(0.25) + 10y = 5

⇒ 2 + 10y = 5

⇒ 10y = 3

⇒ y = 0.3 kg

Now, calculate the weight of 15 apples and 24 oranges:

⇒ Weight = 15x + 24y

⇒ Weight = 15(0.25) + 24(0.3)

⇒ Weight = 3.75 + 7.2

⇒ Weight = 10.95 kg

Rounding off to the nearest integer:

⇒ 10.95 ≈ 11 kg

∴ The correct answer is 11 kg.

Additional Information

Simultaneous Linear Equations

These are a set of equations with multiple variables (like x and y) that are solved together to find a common solution using Elimination or Substitution methods.

Rounding Off Rules

When rounding to the nearest integer, look at the first decimal place. If it is 5 or greater (like .95), round up; if it is less than 5, round down.

Linear Combination Method

Sometimes unknown values can be found by adding or subtracting weighted versions of the given equations without solving for individual variables first.

The correct answer is Noida.

Key Points

• The Buddh International Circuit is located in Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
• It is a world-class motor racing track, around 40 kilometers from New Delhi.
• The circuit was designed by renowned German architect Hermann Tilke and was the venue for the Formula 1 Indian Grand Prix from 2011 to 2013.
• The first Indian Grand Prix was held at the Buddh International Circuit on 30 October 2011
• The inaugural race was won by Red Bull Racing’s Sebastian Vettel.

Additional Information

• Other important Sports Institutions are:

The correct answer is To calculate per capita income 

Key Points

• Net National Product (NNP) is an important economic indicator that reflects the total value of all goods and services
• produced by a country’s citizens and businesses, both domestically and abroad
• The use of Net National Product is to calculate per capita income.
• Net National Product (NNP):
• NNP is obtained by subtracting depreciation value (i.e. capital stock consumption) from GNP.
• NNP reflects the true net income of an economy, it helps governments and businesses in planning for the long term.

Additional Information

• Gross Domestic Product (GDP):
• It is the total money value of all final goods and services produced within the geographical boundaries of the country during a given period of time.
• GDP = C + G + I
• C = Consumption expenditure
• G = Government expenditure
• I = Investment expenditure
• Gross National Product (GNP):
• It refers to the money value of the total output of production of final goods and services produced by the nationals of a country during a given period of time, generally a year.
• National Income (NI):
• When NNP is calculated at factor cost (FC) it is called National Income.
• The measure is calculated by deducting indirect taxes and adding subsidies in NNP at Market Price (MP).
• In India, the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) is the weighted average price of 676 items with the base year 2017-18.

The correct answer is Mercury Planet.

Key Points

• Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system and is closest to the Sun.
• Its orbital period around the Sun is about 88 Earth days, making it the fastest planet.
• Because of its proximity to the Sun, Mercury experiences extreme temperature variations.
• It has no natural satellites or moons.

Additional Information

• Saturn
• Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and is known for its prominent ring system.
• It has a total of 146 moons, with Titan being the largest.
• Saturn is a gas giant composed primarily of hydrogen and helium.
• Uranus
• Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun and has a unique blue-green color due to methane in its atmosphere.
• It has a tilted axis, causing extreme seasonal variations.
• Uranus has 27 known moons, with Titania being the largest.
• Jupiter
• Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system and the fifth from the Sun.
• It has a strong magnetic field and at least 79 moons, with Ganymede being the largest.
• Jupiter is known for its Great Red Spot, a giant storm that has been raging for centuries.

The correct answer is one 

Key Points

• The Parliamentary Standing Committees in India have a tenure of one year
• Parliamentary Standing Committees in India are permanent committees that work throughout the year
• to scrutinize and oversee various aspects of legislation, government policies, and administration.
• They play a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of parliamentary work by focusing on specific areas in detail.
• These committees are divided based on different ministries and departments, such as Finance, Defense, Health, etc.
• There are currently 24 DRSCs, with members drawn from both the Lok Sabha (lower house) and the Rajya Sabha (upper house).

The correct answer is Henry Lawrence

Key Points

• The British forces in the Battle of Chinhat  were led by Brigadier General Henry Lawrence.
• However, the actual British force on the battlefield was commanded by Colonel William Goldby,
• who led a contingent of British troops and loyal sepoys.
• The battle resulted in a decisive defeat for the British, and following this, the British forces retreated to the Residency in Lucknow,
• where they faced a prolonged siege (known as the Siege of Lucknow)

Additional Information

• The Battle of Chinhat
• The Battle of Chinhat, fought on June 30, 1857, was a significant early engagement during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
• It took place near the town of Chinhat, on the outskirts of Lucknow.
• The rebellion against British rule had spread across northern India, and Lucknow, the capital of the province of Oudh (Awadh), became a key center of resistance
• The Battle of Chinhat was a decisive victory for the Indian rebels, and it marked the beginning of the Siege of Lucknow.

The correct answer is Article 142 of the Constitution of India

Key Points

• In May 2023, the Supreme Court of India used Article 142(1) of the Indian Constitution to grant couples the right to divorce based on 'irretrievable breakdown of marriage'.
• Article 142(1) of the Indian Constitution reads, "The Supreme Court in the exercise of its jurisdiction may pass such decree or make such order as is necessary for doing complete justice in any cause or matter pending before it...".
• The Supreme Court's decision expanded the grounds on which divorce can be sought in India.
• Previously, the grounds for divorce were outlined in individual personal laws and did not include the concept of 'irretrievable breakdown of marriage' as it was not explicitly listed as grounds for divorce in any specific legislation. The 2023 ruling made it a valid reason to seek a divorce.
• The court used its discretionary powers to take cognizance of the realities of irreparable marriages and rule in favor of allowing legal terminations in such cases. This action sets a significant precedent for future cases involving such marital situations.
• This step by the Supreme Court could potentially pave the way for broader legal reform, rooting the law more firmly in the changing social context and conditions of the country.

Additional Information

• Article 136 – Special Leave to Appeal to the Supreme Court​
• It Grants the Supreme Court discretionary power to allow special leave to appeal against any judgment, decree, or order in any cause or matter, passed by any court or tribunal.
• This article applies to both civil and criminal cases, giving broad powers to the Supreme Court to ensure justice.
• It cannot be used for appeals from judgments of military courts or tribunals.
• Article 143 – Power of the President to Consult the Supreme Court
• It Empowers the President of India to seek the advisory opinion of the Supreme Court on any question of law or fact of public importance.
• The Supreme Court's advice is not binding on the President; it is a consultative process.
• It is  Used to clarify constitutional or legal issues, like the Ayodhya case and the Berubari case.
• Article 32 – Right to Constitutional Remedies
• ​It is one of the Fundamental Rights.
• It is the Heart and Soul of the Constitution.
• It Empowers individuals to move the Supreme Court directly for the enforcement of fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution.

The correct answer is Trypsin

Key Points

• The medium-sized globular protein you're referring to is trypsin
• Trypsin is a pancreatic serine protease, meaning it belongs to the class of enzymes that cleave peptide bonds in proteins.
• It is found in the digestive systems of many vertebrates and plays a crucial role in protein digestion by breaking down proteins into smaller peptides
• It is produced in the pancreas as an inactive precursor, trypsinogen, which is activated in the small intestine.

Additional Information

• Amylase
• It Breaks down starch into sugars (maltose and dextrin) during digestion.
• It is  Found in saliva (salivary amylase) and pancreas (pancreatic amylase).
• It Begins working in the mouth and continues in the small intestine.
• It is Vital for carbohydrate digestion and energy production.
• Lipase
• It Breaks down fats (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol.
• It is produced in Pancreas (pancreatic lipase) and also in smaller amounts in the stomach.
• It Primarily acts in the small intestine.
• It is Essential for fat digestion and absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
• Pepsin
• It Breaks down proteins into smaller peptides (proteolysis).
• It is produced in Stomach cells as an inactive precursor, pepsinogen, which is activated by stomach acid.
• It Works in the acidic environment of the stomach.
• It is Critical for initiating protein digestion in the stomach.

The correct answer is Right to Equality.

Key Points

• Citizens are not discriminated against on the basis of religion, caste, or sex primarily because of the Right to Equality.
• This right, primarily covered under Articles 14 to 18 of the Indian Constitution
• It ensures that every individual is treated equally before the law and prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
• Article 15, specifically, prohibits discrimination against any citizen and is the primary safeguard against such discrimination.
• Articles 14- Equality Before Law
• States that the state shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.
• Article 16-Equality of Opportunity in Matters of Public Employment
• Ensures equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the state.
• Article 17-Abolition of Untouchability
• Abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form
• Article 18: Abolition of Titles
• Prohibits the state from conferring any titles, except military or academic distinctions.

Additional Information

• Right to Freedom of Religion
• ​This right, enshrined in Articles 25 to 28 of the Indian Constitution, guarantees individuals the freedom to practice, profess, and propagate their religion.
• Right against Exploitation
• This right, detailed in Articles 23 and 24, prohibits human trafficking and forced labor
• Right to Freedom
• The Right to Freedom in the Indian Constitution is enshrined in Articles 19 to 22 and guarantees various freedoms to citizens.
• This set of rights is crucial for ensuring individual liberty and democratic governance