SSC CHSL Previous Paper 20 (Held On: 12 March 2018 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'stereotype'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling of the word is 'Stereotype'
• Stereotype is a widely held and simplified belief or generalization about a particular group of people or things. It often involves assuming characteristics or behaviors based on limited or superficial knowledge, leading to unfair or inaccurate judgments.
• Example: The stereotype that all engineers are introverted and socially awkward is not true, as there are many outgoing and sociable engineers.
• The spelling of "iliterrate" is also incorrect. The correct spelling is "Illiterate".
• Illiterate: Illiterate refers to a person who lacks the ability to read and write. It describes someone who has not acquired basic literacy skills, which are necessary for understanding written language and communicating effectively through writing.
• Example: The high illiteracy rate in the rural community made it challenging for residents to access important information or engage in written communication.
• Hence option 2 is correct.

The correct answer is 'ACB'

Key Points

• Has get and fact that one has in this country make no grammatical or contextual sense. A has to be first. Rule out 3 and 4. A sentence will be incomplete if it ends with was hard to. C can't be last. Option 1. ACB is the correct answer.

So the correct sentence is- The fact that one has to be fiercely independent in this country was hard to get accustomed to.

The correct answer is 'are coming'

Key Points

• According to grammar, whenever the subject is singular then, the verb should be a singular verb and when the subject is plural the verb should be plural.
• In the given sentence, 'New' is an adjective, and 'townships' is a noun that is followed by an adjective and it is in a plural form. Hence, use the verb in the plural.
• The use of 'providing several amenities' hints at the fact that the context is in the present continuous tense. Hence, 'are coming' should be the correct answer so as to draw parallelism with the latter part of the sentence.

So the correct sentence is- New townships are coming up with claims of providing several amenities to the people.

The correct answer is 'have been advocating'

Key Points

• According to grammar, we use the present perfect continuous tense when something started in the past and is continuing at the present time. The present perfect continuous is formed using the construction has/have been + the present participle (root + -ing).
• 'For nearly half a century' shows that the completion of the time.
• The action that is 'advocating moderation' is still continuing in the present.
• Let's see an example-
• I have been reading War and Peace for a month now.

So the correct sentence is- I have been advocating moderation in daily physical exercise for nearly half a century in all my writings and books.

The correct answer is 'Quaver'

Key Points

• Let's see the meaning of the given words-
• Quaver*→ means 'shaking voice'.*
• Example: Her voice quavered with nervousness as she delivered the speech.
• Permeate*→* spread through.
• Example: The smell of freshly baked cookies permeated the entire house.
• Rapacious*→* aggressively greedy or grasping.
• Example: The rapacious businessman took advantage of vulnerable customers.
• Grove*→* group of trees.
• Example: We enjoyed a picnic under the shade of a beautiful grove of trees.
• So according to the meaning of the given words, the correct answer is 'Quaver'

The correct answer is 'Revile'

Key Points

• The correct answer for the best substitute of the words/sentence "Criticize in an abusive or angrily insulting manner" is: Revile.
• The word "Revile" accurately captures the meaning of criticizing someone in an abusive or angrily insulting manner. It refers to expressing strong, harsh, and disrespectful criticism towards someone, often accompanied by insults or offensive language.
• For example: "He was reviled by the media for his controversial remarks."
• Now, let's examine the other options:
• Obeisance: This option does not serve as a substitute for the given words/sentence. "Obeisance" refers to a gesture or action that shows respect, deference, or submission. It does not convey the idea of criticizing someone in an abusive or angrily insulting manner.
• Example: The subjects paid obeisance to the king by bowing before him.
• Veneration: This option is not the best substitute for the given words/sentence. "Veneration" means showing deep respect, admiration, or reverence towards someone or something. It does not carry the connotation of criticizing in an abusive or angrily insulting manner.
• Example: The ancient temple is held in high veneration by the local community.
• Approbation: This option does not accurately substitute the given words/sentence. "Approbation" refers to approval, praise, or favorable opinion about someone or something. It does not convey the idea of criticizing in an abusive or angrily insulting manner.
• Example: The committee gave their approbation to the proposed project.
• To summarize, the best substitute for the words/sentence "Criticize in an abusive or angrily insulting manner" is "Revile," as it specifically captures the meaning of harshly and disrespectfully criticizing someone. The other options, "Obeisance," "Veneration," and "Approbation," do not accurately represent the intended meaning.

The correct answer is 'have an ulterior motive'

Key Points

• The meaning of the given idiom 'An axe to grind' → means 'they are doing something for selfish reasons.'
• Let's see an example-
• He seems like a decent bloke and I've got no axe to grind with him.

Additional Information

Ulterior*⇒* existing beyond what is obvious or admitted; intentionally hidden.

The correct answer is 'Alleviate someone's anxiety'

Key Points

• The meaning of the given idiom 'Ease somebody's mind' is 'to make someone feel less worried about something'
• Let's see an example-
• It would ease my mind to know you had arrived safely.

The correct answer is 'along'

Key Points

• 'Along' is a preposition and an adverb that means 'in or into a company with others.'
• So according to the meaning, the correct answer is 'along'

The correct answer is 'Equally'

Key Points

• In the given blank, we need an adverb because there is a question of 'how it is true' the reply of 'how? when? where?' is always an adverb.
• So in the given options, there is only one adverb that is 'equally' that means 'in an equal manner'

The correct answer is 'with'

Key Points

• 'Connection' is a noun that means 'relationship between two things, people, or groups.'
• 'With' is a preposition that means 'in relation to' hence use this preposition with the noun 'connection'
• Let's see an example-
• The police say he had no connection with the security forces.

So the correct answer is 'Option 1'

The correct answer is 'on'

Key Points

• Before the blank, the word 'reasoned' is given that is an adjective, and the preposition 'on' means 'about, concerning, or having as a basis.
• So, always use the preposition 'on' with this adjective.

The correct answer is 'not'

Key Points

• In the given sentence, we are trying to give a negative sense. So, we need to use the negative word here.
• According to grammar, 'not' is an adverb and we know that adverb is placed in-between the helping verb and the main verb.

So the correct answer is 'option 2'

The correct answer is 'Hierarchy'

Key Points

• The correct spelling of the given word is 'Hierarchy'
• The meaning of the given word is- A ranking system ordered according to status or authority.

The correct answer is 'Meera said that she preferred singing to dancing.'

Key Points

The given sentence is in 'Direct speech' we need to follow the following steps while changing Direct speech.

• #The first person of reported speech is changed according to the pronoun of the reporting verb.
• Let's see an example-
• She said, "I will go to London." (Direct speech)
• She said that she would go to London. (Indirect speech)
• #The first-person pronoun of reported speech is not changed if the pronoun of the reporting verb is also the first person.
• Let's see an example-
• I said, "I had applied for a job." (Direct speech.)
• I said I had applied for a job. (Indirect speech.)
• #The second person pronoun of the reported speech is changed according to the 'object' of the reporting verb.
• Let's see an example-
• She said to me, "You are a brilliant student." (Direct Speech)
• She told me that I was a brilliant student. (Indirect Speech)
• She said to them, "You are brilliant students" (Direct speech)
• She told them that they are brilliant students. (Indirect speech)
• #The third person pronoun of the reported speech will not be changed in indirect speech.
• Let's see an example-
• He said, "She will buy a pen." (Direct speech.)
• He said that she would buy a pen. (Indirect speech.)
• In the given sentence, the verb 'prefer' is in the present simple tense hence, use the past simple in the indirect speech.

So the correct answer is 'option 1'

The correct answer is 'The apples are gathered by him.'

Key Points

• In Active Voice, a sentence emphasizes the subject, performing an action.
• In Passive Voice, a sentence emphasizes the action or the object of the sentence.
• In the given sentence, the object is 'the apples', and the subject is 'He'
• Also, the verb of the sentence is in the present tense. So the passive of the sentence is going to be in the present tense.

Additional Information

Verbs of passive format have a different set of tenses (*V3 - Past participle or Third form of the Verb) as given below in the table:

The correct answer is 'PRQ'

Key Points

• A sentence can't end with especially for → R can't be last. Rule out 3). Especially for are will make no sense. P can't follow R. Rule out 2). Option 4) PRQ is the correct answer.

Stem cells are being researched especially for forming blood vessels.

The correct answer is 'Detestable'

Key Points

• The correct answer for the word opposite in meaning to "Disarming" is: Detestable.
• The word "Disarming" refers to something that has the ability to remove suspicion, hostility, or fear, usually through charm, friendliness, or non-threatening behavior. It implies a sense of making others feel at ease, less guarded, or less defensive.
• For example, a disarming smile can make someone feel comfortable and open up in a conversation.
• On the other hand, "Detestable" is the opposite of "Disarming." It means deserving intense dislike, hatred, or strong aversion. When something or someone is described as detestable, it indicates that they are highly unpleasant, offensive, or repugnant.
• For instance, actions or behaviors that are considered morally repulsive or abhorrent can be described as detestable.
• Now, let's examine the other options:
• Charming: This option does not represent the opposite meaning of "Disarming" but rather a related concept. "Charming" refers to something or someone who has an attractive, pleasing, or charismatic quality. While charm can contribute to disarming someone, it is not the opposite of disarming.
• Silk: This option does not convey the opposite meaning of "Disarming." "Silk" refers to a type of fabric known for its softness and smoothness. It does not carry an opposite meaning in relation to "Disarming."
• Convincing: This option does not represent the opposite meaning of "Disarming" either. "Convincing" refers to something that is persuasive, compelling, or capable of causing someone to believe or be persuaded. It does not carry an opposite meaning to the concept of disarming.
• To summarize, the correct opposite for "Disarming" is "Detestable," as it denotes intense dislike or hatred. The other options, "Charming," "Silk," and "Convincing," do not represent the opposite meaning of "Disarming" but rather carry different meanings or related concepts.

The correct answer is 'Reasonable'

Key Points

The meaning of 'Preposterous' is ridiculous; illogical; unreasonable.

Hence, Option 4) Reasonable is an antonym.

• The meaning of the rest of the words is:
• Ridiculous→ illogical; unreasonable.
• Excessive→ more than it is necessary, normal, or desirable.
• Incredible→ Impossible to believe.

So the correct answer is Option 4.

The correct answer is 'Rank'

Key Points

• Let's see the meaning of the given words- 
• Echelon→ means level or rank.
• Era→ means time; period.
• Echo→ means bouncing back of sound from the mountains etc.
• Rank→ means 'a position within a fixed hierarchy'
• So the correct answer is 'Option 4'

The correct answer is 'Miser'

Key Points

• Let's see the meaning of the given words-
• Niggard→ a mean or ungenerous person; a miser.
• Kind→ means 'a class or type of people'
• Unselfish→ means 'not selfish'
• Miser→ means 'a person who hoards wealth and spends very little.'
• So according to the meaning of the given words, the correct answer is 'Option 3'

The correct answer is 'Conceit'. 

Key Points

• Let's see the meaning of the given words -
• Conceit → the state of being too proud of yourself and your actions
• Forfeit → lose or be deprived of (property or a right or privilege) as a penalty for wrongdoing.
• Surfeit → an overabundant supply; excess
• Receipt → a written acknowledgment of having received
• So according to the meaning of the given words, the correct answer is 'conceit'

The correct answer is 'ago'

Key Points

• According to grammar, 'ago' is an adverb of time and it is used with the past simple tense.
• Let's see an example-
• He was killed a few days ago in a skiing accident.

So the correct sentence is- My grandmother died five years ago.

The correct answer is '2' i.e. error lies in part 2 of the sentence.

Key Points

In part 2 of the sentence the usage of 'come with' is incorrect Instead, use 'come up with'

• The phrasal verb 'come up with' means 'If you come up with a plan or idea, you think of it and suggest it.'
• Let's see an example-
• Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.

So the correct sentence is- Seeing the increasing number of female foeticide the Prime Minister has come up with an initiative that is guaranteed to give protection to the girl child.

The correct answer is '2' i.e. error lies in part 2 of the sentence.

Key Points

• In part 2 of the sentence, the usage of 'absence' is incorrect Instead, use 'absent'
• According to grammar, 'absence' is a noun that means 'the state of being away from a place or person' and absent is an adjective that means 'not present'
• Let's see an example-
• He has been absent from his desk for two weeks.

So the correct sentence is- Dinesh has been absent from school since last month.

Just as clothes are repaired by Tailor, similarly shoes are repaired by cobbler.

Hence, ‘Shoes: cobbler’ is the correct answer.

46 + 6 = 52

Similarly,

93 + 6 = 99

Hence, 93 : 99 is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:-

RAM is related to NWI as:-

Similarly,

LIP is related to HEL as:-

Hence, the correct answer is "HEL".

The pattern followed here is:-

Animal - Famous for eating

1) Cow - Grass

Cow is famous for eating grass.

2) Monkey - Banana

Monkey is famous for eating banana.

3) Rabbit - Carrot

Rabbit is famous famous for eating carrot.

4) Dog - Bark

Dog is famous for eating meat, vegetables, fruits etc.

As can be clearly seen from the above all except Dog - Bark follows the pattern. So, Dog - Bark is the odd word pair.

Hence, the correct answer is "Dog - Bark".

11 × 11 = 121

13 × 13 = 169

19 × 19 = 361

17 × 17 = 289

Hence, 17 - 279 is the correct answer.

The logic used here,

→ 2 has been subtracted from each term to get the next term.

Let's check each option as per the logic,

1. FDB

→ F – 2 = D, D – 2 = B

2. LJI

→ L – 2 = J, J - 2 = H → (Doesn't satisfy the logic).

3. SQO

→ S – 2 = Q, Q – 2 = O

4. ZXV

→ Z – 2 = X, X – 2 = V

Clearly, LJI does not follow the same pattern.

Hence, the correct answer is " LJI ".

The dictionary arrangement would be:

1. Cheer
2. Choice
3. Choir
4. Chunk
5. Church

Hence, the correct answer is " Church ".

The logic followed here,

Hence, the correct answer is " 39 ".

The logic followed here,

Hence, the correct answer is " K ".

1. In a row of boys, Amit is ranked 12^th from the top and Ratan is 15^th from the bottom.

(It implies that there are 11 people above Amit and 14 people below Ratan in rank).

2. They interchange their position. Ratan now becomes 37^th from the bottom.

(It implies that there are 36 people below Ratan and 11 above him (as he is on the same position where Amit was), which means there are 48 people (36 + 11 + 1) in total).

Hence, the correct answer is " 48 ".

Given word → EXPENDITURE

1. PEN → EXPENDITURE → Can be formed (all the letters are present so, the word PEN can be formed)

2. EXPECT → EXPENDITURE → Cannot be formed (Letter 'C' is not present in the given word 'EXPENDITURE')

3. TURN → EXPENDITURE → Can be formed (all the letters are present so, the word TURN can be formed)

4. END → EXPENDITURE → Can be formed (all the letters are present so, the word END can be formed)

Hence, the correct answer is "EXPECT".

The pattern followed here,

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is " KGDTW ".

Given → 9 ÷ 16 - 25 + 10 × 20

After changing the symbol with their code.

New equation → 9 + 16 × 25 ÷ 10 - 20

Now, after applying BODMAS Rule and solving the new equation, we get:- 

9 + 16 × 25 ÷ 10 – 20

9 + 16 × 2.5 – 20

9 + 40 – 20

49 – 20 = 29

Hence, the correct answer is "29".

Given equation → 4 - 10 ÷ 5 × 4 + 12 = 16

Checking options one by one by interchanging signs

1) ÷ and -

After interchanging, new equation → 4 ÷ 10 - 5 × 4 + 12 = 16

By solving the equation using BODMAS Rule, we get:-

4 ÷ 10 - 5 × 4 + 12 = 16

0.4 - 5 × 4 + 12 = 16

0.4 - 20 + 12 = 16

12.4 - 20 = 16

-7.6 ≠ 16

Left hand side is not equal to right hand side

2) + and ÷

After interchanging, new equation → 4 - 10 + 5 × 4 ÷ 12 = 16

By solving the equation using BODMAS Rule, we get:-

4 - 10 + 5 × 4 ÷ 12 = 16

4 - 10 + 5 × 0.333 = 16

4 - 10 + 1.665 = 16

5.665 - 10 = 16

-4.335 ≠ 16

Left hand side is not equal to right hand side

3) × and -

After interchanging, new equation → 4 × 10 ÷ 5 - 4 + 12 = 16

By solving the equation using BODMAS Rule, we get:-

4 × 10 ÷ 5 - 4 + 12 = 16

4 × 2 - 4 + 12 = 16

8 - 4 + 12 = 16

20 - 4 = 16

16 = 16

Left hand side is equal to right hand side

4) - and +

After interchanging, new equation → 4 + 10 ÷ 5 × 4 - 12 = 16

By solving the equation using BODMAS Rule, we get:-

4 + 10 ÷ 5 × 4 - 12 = 16

4 + 2 × 4 - 12 = 16

4 + 8 - 12 = 16

12 -12 = 16

0 ≠ 16

Left hand side is not equal to right hand side

Hence, the correct answer is "× and -".

1. 70!10 = (70 ÷ 10 х (-1)) = -7

2. 70!5 = (70 ÷ 5 × (-1)) = -14

3. 40!4 = (40 ÷ 4 × (-1)) = -10

Similarly,

20!2= (20 ÷ 2 × (-1)) = -10

Hence, the correct answer is " -10 ".

The pattern followed here is:-

In the first term first letter is lowercase and in the second term second letter is lowercase and so on.

aBABABAB → AbABABAB → ABaBABAB → ABAbABAB → ABABaBAB

Hence, the correct answer is "ABABAbAB".

1. A woman starts from her home and walks 2 km North.

2. Then she turns East and walks 9 km.

3. Then she turns south and walks 1 km.

4. Then she turns West and walks 2 km.

5. Then she turns to her left and walks 1 km to reach the well.

Here, we can see that Home is 7 km west from the well.

Hence, the correct answer is " 7 km West ".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below:-

I. Some cigarettes are tobacco → Doesn't follow (No direct relationship establish between Cigarettes and Tobacco)

II. No tobacco are cigarettes → Follows (No direct relationship establish between Cigarettes and Tobacco)

Hence, the correct answer is "only conclusion II follows".

Rectangle = Therapists.

Circle = floral designers

Triangle = Poets

Square = Football players

Hence, the correct answer is " JC ".

The pattern followed here is:-

Hence, the correct answer is "LPG".

The pattern followed here,

Hence, the correct answer is " 108 ".

The logic used here,

→ Second Number = (First Number × 3)

→ Third Number = (Second Number × 3)

Let's check each option as per the logic,

1. (3, 9, 27)

→ (3 × 3 = 9, 9 × 3 = 27)

2) (6, 18, 56)

→ (6 × 3 = 18, 18 × 3 ≠ 56) → Doesn't satisfy the logic.

3) (7, 21, 63)

→ (7 × 3 = 21, 21 × 3 = 63)

4) (8, 24, 72)

→ (8 × 3 = 24, 24 × 3 = 72)

Here, we can see that Option 2 doesn't satisfy the logic.

Hence, the correct answer is " (6, 18, 56) ".

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is held on the right side is as shown below:-

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Additional Information In the Mirror image left side and right side changed vice-versa where the top and bottom remain the same.

The reflection of an object into the water is its water image. It appears by inverting an object vertically i.e. upside down.

The water image of the figure looks like the mirror image of the figure in case the mirror is horizontally at the bottom of the figure.

The water image is just a reflection where the top and bottom parts of the images changed while the left and right sides of the image remain the same.

Given → 

Unfolded cube

The opposite sides of the cube when the unfolded cube will be folded are:-

Checking option one by one:-

1. Cube in option figure (1) one can be formed as no two opposite faces of the cube are present adjacent to each other.

2) Cube in option figure (2) one can be formed as no two opposite faces of the cube are present adjacent to each other.

3) Cube in option figure (3) one can be formed as no two opposite faces of the cube are present adjacent to each other.

4) Cube in option figure (4) Cannot be formed as two opposite faces of the cube i.e. 

and 

must be opposite, but they are adjacent to each other.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The pattern followed here is:-

A letter is represented first by its row number of the matrix then by its column number of the matrix.

1. In 20,75,20,97

20 → B; 75 → Q; 20 → B; 97 → W (So, the word formed is 'BQBW')

2. In 44, 95, 32, 66

44 → I; 95 → R; 32 → C; 66 → P (So, the word formed is 'IRCP')

3. In 31, 87, 33, 65

31 → J; 87 → Q; 33 → K; 65 → Q (So, the word formed is 'JQKQ')

4. In 85, 58, 10, 13

85 → S; 58 → O; 10 → A; 13 → K (So, the word formed is 'SOAK')

Hence, the correct answer is "85, 58, 10, 13".

Given:

Let the rational number be x

x + (1/x) = 61/30

Calculation:

⇒ x + (1/x) = 61/30

⇒ 30x² - 61x + 30 = 0

⇒ 30x² - 25x - 36x + 30 = 0

⇒ 5x(6x - 5) - 6(6x - 5) = 0

⇒ (6x - 5)(5x - 6) = 0

⇒ x = 5/6, 6/5

∴ The correct answer is 5/6, 6/5.

Given:

We have to find the unit digit of 1! + 2! + 3! + 4! + ....... + 20!

Concept used:

5! = 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 will have 0 as its unit digit because of the presence of (2 × 5). Hence all factorials above it will have 0 as their unit digit.

Calculations:

⇒ 1! + 2! + 3! + 4! = 1 + 2 + 6 + 24 = 33

⇒ Unit digit of (1! + 2! + 3! + 4! + ....... + 20!) = Unit digit of (1! + 2! + 3! + 4!) = 3

∴ The correct answer is 3.

Given:

a + b = 8; ab = 4

Calculation:

⇒ $\frac{a}{b} + \frac{b}{a}$

⇒ $\frac{{{a^2} + {b^2}}}{{ab}}$

⇒ $\frac{{{{\left( {a + b} \right)}^2} - 2ab}}{{ab}}$

⇒ {(8)² - 2 × 4}/4

⇒ {64 - 8}/4

⇒ 56/4 = 14

∴ The correct answer is 14.

Given:

⇒ x - y = 4; xy = 12

Formula used:

⇒ x3 - y3 = (x - y)(x2 + xy + y2)

⇒ (x + y)2 = (x - y)2 + 4xy

Calculation:

According to the question:

⇒ x - y = 4       ----(1)

⇒ (x + y)² = (x - y)² + 4xy

⇒ (x + y)2 = 4² + 4 × 12

=  (x + y)2 = 16 + 48 = 64

⇒ x + y = 8       ----(2)

Adding 1 and 2 equation we get,

⇒ 2x = 12

⇒ x = 6

By (2) we get,

⇒ y = 8 - x = 8 - 6 = 2

⇒ x³ - y³ = (x - y)(x² + xy + y²) = 4 × {(6)² + (12) + (2)²} = 4 × 52 = 208

∴ The correct answer is 208.

 Alternate MethodCalculation:

Put, x = 6 and y = 2,

x³ - y³ = 6³ - 2³

⇒ 216 - 8 = 208

∴ The value is 8.

Shortcut Trick

The length of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are always equal.

From the given figure, AP = AR, BP = BQ, and CR = CQ.

Side AC = AR + CR = (AB − BP) + CQ.

Substituting the values: AC = (12 − 7) + 5 = 5 + 5 = 10 cm.

∴ The correct answer is 10 cm.

Alternate Method

Given: Side AB = 12 cm, BQ = 7 cm, and CQ = 5 cm.

Formula Used: Tangents from the same external point to a circle are equal in length.

Let the points of tangency on sides AB, BC, and AC be P, Q, and R respectively.

⇒ BP = BQ = 7 cm (Tangents from point B)

⇒ AP = AB − BP = 12 − 7 = 5 cm

⇒ AR = AP = 5 cm (Tangents from point A)

⇒ CR = CQ = 5 cm (Tangents from point C)

⇒ AC = AR + CR = 5 + 5 = 10 cm

∴ The correct answer is 10 cm.

Additional Information

Tangent Length Property

Two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are always equal in length and subtend equal angles at the center.

Incircle of a Triangle

The circle inscribed in a triangle is called the incircle. Its radius r = Area ÷ semi-perimeter (s), where s = (a + b + c) ÷ 2.

Perimeter of Circumscribed Triangle

The perimeter of a triangle circumscribing a circle is equal to 2 × (AP + BQ + CR), where P, Q, R are the points of tangency.

Given:

AB || DE

⇒ AB = 3AD

⇒ AB : AD = 3 : 1

Calculation:

In △ ABC and △ ADE,

∠ABC = ∠ADE (AB || DE; Corresponding angle)

∠ACB = ∠AED (AB || DE; Corresponding angle)

△ ABC ∼ △ ADE (By AA)

So, Ratio of corresponding sides are equal

⇒ DE/BC = AD/AB

⇒ DE/BC = AD/3AD

⇒ DE/BC = 1/3

∴ The correct answer is DE : BC = 1 : 3.

Calculation:

⇒ A% of A = 196

⇒ A²/100 = 196

⇒ A² = 19600

⇒ A = 140

∴ The correct answer is 140.

Given:

a/b = c/d = e/f = 2/5

Calculation:

According to the question:

a/b = c/d = e/f = 2/5

⇒ a = (2/5)b

⇒ c = (2/5)d

⇒ e = (2/5)f

Now,

∴ (5a + 3c + 2e) : (5b + 3d + 2f)

= {5(2b/5) + 3(2d/5) + 2(2f/5)} : (5b + 3d + 2f)

= 2(5b + 3d + 2f) : 5(5b + 3d + 2f)

= 2 ∶ 5

∴ The correct answer is 2 : 5.

Alternate MethodCalculation: 

Put a = c = e = 2, b = d = f = 5

Now,

(5a + 3c + 2e) : (5b + 3d + 2f)

⇒ (5 × 2 + 3 × 2 + 2 × 2) : (5 × 5 + 3 × 5 + 2 × 5)

⇒ 2 × 10/5 × 5

⇒ 2/5 = 2 ∶ 5

∴ The correct answer is 2 : 5.

Calculation:

Total investment value of C = (4000 × 3) + (3000 × 9) = 12000 + 27000 = Rs. 39000

Total investment value of D = (5000 × 6) + (6000 × 6) = 30000 + 36000 = Rs. 66000

Investment ratio = 39000 ∶ 66000 = 13 ∶ 22

As, profit ratio is same as investment ratio,

⇒ {13/ (13 + 22)} × total profit = Share of C in profit

⇒ (13/35) × total profit = 3900 

⇒ Total profit = Rs. 10500

∴ The correct answer is  Rs. 10500.

Given:

The average height of 40 sticks is 154 cm

Calculation:

Average of 40 sticks = (Sum of Length of 40 sticks) /40

⇒ 154 = (sum of length 40 sticks) /40

⇒ Sum of length 40 sticks = 6160

Let x sticks are taken out

Average of x sticks = (sum of length of x stick) /x

⇒ 160 = (sum of length of x sticks) /x

⇒ Sum of length of x sticks = 160x

Now, Remaining sticks = 40 - x

Average of (40 - x) sticks = {sum of length of (40 - x) stick} /(40 - x)

⇒ 150 = {sum of length of (40 - x) sticks} /(40 - x)

⇒ Sum of length of (40 - x) sticks = 150(40 - x) = 6000 - 150x

According to question,

⇒ 160x + 6000 - 150x = 6160

⇒ 10x = 160

⇒ x = 16

Remaining sticks = 40 - x = 40 - 16 = 24

∴ The correct answer is 24.

Alternate MethodCalculation:

Combined average = (n₁x₁ + n₂x₂)/(n₁ + n₂)

⇒ 154 = [160n + 150(40 - n)]/40

⇒ 6160 = 160n - 150n + 6000

⇒ 10n = 160

⇒ n = 16

Remaining sticks = 40 - n = 40 - 16 = 24

∴ The correct answer is 24.

Given:

S.I = Rs. 935

Calculation:

As, 12 months = 1 year

Let principle be Rs. P

(Principle × rate × time)/100 = Simple interest

⇒ (P × 25 × 1)/100 =  935 

⇒ P/4 = 935

⇒ P = Rs. 3740

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 3740.

Shortcut Trick

Loss percentage is given as 11%, which means 11% of the Cost Price (CP) is the loss.

The difference between CP and Selling Price (SP) is always equal to the absolute Loss (or Profit).

Loss = 11% of CP = ₹451.

Therefore, 1% of CP = 451 ÷ 11 = ₹41.

Selling Price (SP) = 100% − 11% = 89% of CP.

SP = 89 × 41 = ₹3649.

∴ The correct answer is ₹3649.

Alternate Method

Given: Difference between Cost Price (CP) and Selling Price (SP) = ₹451, and Loss Percentage = 11%.

Formula Used: Loss = CP − SP; SP = CP − Loss; Loss% = (Loss ÷ CP) × 100.

⇒ Loss = CP − SP = ₹451

⇒ Loss% = (Loss ÷ CP) × 100

⇒ 11 = (451 ÷ CP) × 100

⇒ CP = (451 × 100) ÷ 11

⇒ CP = 41 × 100 = ₹4100

⇒ SP = CP − Loss

⇒ SP = 4100 − 451

⇒ SP = ₹3649

∴ The correct answer is ₹3649.

Additional Information

Basic Profit and Loss

Profit occurs when SP > CP (Profit = SP − CP). Loss occurs when CP > SP (Loss = CP − SP).

Percentage Calculations

Profit% or Loss% is always calculated on the Cost Price (CP) unless stated otherwise. Formula: (Value ÷ CP) × 100.

Direct SP Formula

For Loss: SP = CP × (100 − Loss%) ÷ 100. For Profit: SP = CP × (100 + Profit%) ÷ 100.

Marked Price Relation

Selling Price can also be calculated from Marked Price (MP): SP = MP × (100 − Discount%) ÷ 100.

Calculation:

Let the cost price be Rs. 100

So, Marked price = 100 + 30% of 100 = Rs. 130

Discount = 12% of marked price = 12% of 130 = Rs. 15.6

Thus, Selling price = 130 - 15.6 = Rs. 114.4

Profit % = {(selling price - cost price)/cost price} × 100 = {(114.4 - 100)/100} × 100 = 14.4%

∴ The correct answer is 14.4%.

Shortcut TrickCalculation:

Profit percent = {(286 -250)/250} × 100

⇒ {36/250} × 100

⇒ 14.4%

∴ The correct answer is 14.4%.

Calculation:

$\frac{1}{{\sqrt {25} - \sqrt {24} }} - \frac{1}{{\sqrt {24} - \sqrt {23} }} + \frac{1}{{\sqrt {23} - \sqrt {22} }} - \frac{1}{{\sqrt {22} - \sqrt {21} }} + \frac{1}{{\sqrt {21} - \sqrt {20} }},$

$\Rightarrow \frac{{25 - 24}}{{\sqrt {25} - \sqrt {24} }} - \frac{{24 - 23}}{{\sqrt {24} - \sqrt {23} }} + \frac{{23 - 22}}{{\sqrt {23} - \sqrt {22} }} - \frac{{22 - 21}}{{\sqrt {22} - \sqrt {21} }} + \frac{{21 - 20}}{{\sqrt {21} - \sqrt {20} }},$

$\frac{{\left( {\sqrt {25} - \sqrt {24} } \right)\left( {\sqrt {25} + \sqrt {24} } \right)}}{{\sqrt {25} - \sqrt {24} }} - \frac{{\left( {\sqrt {24} - \sqrt {23} } \right)\left( {\sqrt {24} + \sqrt {23} } \right)}}{{\sqrt {24} - \sqrt {23} }} + \frac{{\left( {\sqrt {23} - \sqrt {22} } \right)\left( {\sqrt {23} + \sqrt {22} } \right)}}{{\sqrt {23} - \sqrt {22} }} - \frac{{\left( {\sqrt {22} - \sqrt {21} } \right)\left( {\sqrt {22} + \sqrt {21} } \right)}}{{\sqrt {22} - \sqrt {21} }} + \frac{{\left( {\sqrt {21} - \sqrt {20} } \right)\left( {\sqrt {21} + \sqrt {20} } \right)}}{{\sqrt {21} - \sqrt {20} }}$

⇒ (√25 + √24) - (√24 + √23) + (√23 + √22) - (√22 + √21) + (√21 + √20),

⇒ √25 + √20,

⇒ 5 + 2√5

Given:

X and Y together can do a piece of work in 30 days.

Y and Z together can do the work in 20 days

Calculation:

As X works for 15 days and Y works for 27 days.

So, X and Y work together for 15 days

Work done by X and Y in 15 days = 15 × (1/30) = 1/2

Now, Y work for 27 - 15 = 12 days more and Z works for 9 days.

So, Y and Z together work for 9 days

Work done by Y and Z together in 9 days = 9 × (1/20) = 9/20

Remaining work = 1 - (1/2) - (9/20) = 1/20

Now, Y alone works for = 12 - 9 = 3 days

Work rate of Y = (1/20) × (1/3) = 1/60

∴ Y alone can finish the work in 60 days

Alternate MethodCalculation:

Let the total work be 60 units.

Efficiency of (x + y) = 60/30 = 2

Efficiency of (y + z) = 60/20 = 3

Let the efficiency of x = k, y = 2 - k, z = 1 + k

Total work = 60

⇒ 15 × 2 + 3(2 - k) + 9 × 3 = 60

⇒ 30 + 6 - 3k + 27 = 60

⇒ 3k = 3

⇒ k = 1

Efficiency of y = 2 - 1 = 1

Time required = 60/1 = 60

∴ The required time is 60.

Given:

Length of train (L) = 220 m

Calculation:

Total distance = length of train + length of bridge = 220 + 440 = 660 m

Time = 33 second

So, Speed of train = Distance/time = 660/33 = 20 m/sec

Total distance to be covered = length of train + length of bridge = 220 + 350 = 570 m

Time taken to cross it = distance/speed = 570/20 = 28.5 sec

∴ The correct answer is 28.5 sec.

Alternate MethodConcept used:

When speed is constant.

D₁/T₁ = D₂/T₂

Calculation:

D1/T1 = D2/T2

⇒ 660/33 = 570/t

⇒ t = 570/20

⇒ t = 28.5s

∴ The required time is 28.5s.

Calculation:

According to the graph in year 2013 and 2014 the number of deaths was less than that of the previous year

∴ The correct option is 3.

Calculation:

Number of deaths in 2012 = 8000

Number of deaths in 2014 = 1500

Required difference = 8000 - 1500 = 6500

∴ The correct answer is 6500.

Calculation:

Number of deaths in 2013 = 6000

Number of deaths in 2016 = 9000

Required % = {(9000 - 6000)/9000} × 100 = 33.33%

∴ The correct answer is 33.33%.

Calculation:

Number of deaths in year 2015 = 7500

Insurance on 1 death = Rs. 10 lakhs

Total insurance paid = 7500 × 10 = 75000 lakhs = 750 crore

∴ The correct answer is 750 crore.

Given:

Perimeter of a square = 30 cm

Formula used:

Perimeter of a square = 4 × side

Calculation:

Let side of square be a cm

We know that,

⇒ 4a = Perimeter

⇒ 4a = 30

⇒ a = 15/2

Area = side²

⇒ (15/2)²

⇒ 225/4 = 56.25 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 56.25 cm2.

Given:

Area of circle = 346.5 cm2

Calculation:

Let radius of circle be r cm

⇒ π × radius² = Area of circle

⇒ (22/7) × r² = Area of circle

⇒ (22/7) × r² = 346.5

⇒ r² = 110.25

⇒ r = 10.5 cm

∴ The correct answer is 10.5 cm.

Given:

Diameter (D) = 42 cm

Calculation:

Radius = Diameter/2 = 42/2 = 21 cm

Now,

Volume of hemisphere = (2/3) × π × (radius)³

⇒ (2/3) × (22/7) × (21)³ = 19404 cm³

∴ The correct answer is 19404 cm3.

Given:

∠B = 90°; ∠A = 60°  

Calculation:

∠B = 90°, ∠A = 60°

Now, by angle sum property,

⇒ ∠A + ∠B + ∠C  = 180° 

⇒ ∠C = 180° - (∠A + ∠B)

⇒ 180° - (90° + 60°) = 30°

Now,

sec C + 2

⇒ sec 30° + 2

⇒ (2/√3) + 2 = (2 + 2√3)/√3

∴ The correct answer is (2 + 2√3)/√3.

Given:

Cos A = 5/13; AB = 10 cm

Calculation:

Cos A = 5/13

⇒ AB/AC = 5/13

⇒ AB = 5k and AC = 13k

As, AB = 10 cm

⇒ 5k = 10

⇒ k = 2

⇒ AC = 13k = 13 × 2 = 26 cm

Now, by Pythagoras theorem in triangle ABC,

AB² + BC² = AC²

⇒ (10)² + BC² = (26)²

⇒ 100 + BC² = 676

⇒ BC² = 576

⇒ BC = 24 cm

∴ The correct answer is 24 cm.

The correct answer is Unemployment during the recessionary phase of the trade cycle

Key Points

• Unemployment occurs when a person who is actively searching for employment is unable to find work.
• It is often used as a measure of the health of the economy.
• Types of Unemployment
• Disguised Unemployment:
• The phenomenon when more people are employed than actually needed. Hence statement 1 is correct.
• Example: agricultural and the unorganized sectors of India.
• Seasonal Unemployment:
• Unemployment occurs during certain seasons of the year.
• Example: Agricultural laborers.
• Structural Unemployment:
• Unemployment arising from the mismatch between the jobs and the skills of the available workers in the market. Hence statement 2 is correct.
• Many people do not get jobs due to a lack of requisite skills and due to the poor educational level.
• Cyclical Unemployment:
• It is the result of the business cycle. Hence statement 3 is not correct.
• Unemployment rises during recessions and declines with economic growth.
• ​Technological Unemployment:
• It is the loss of jobs due to changes in technology.
• ​Frictional Unemployment:
• Frictional Unemployment is also known as Search Unemployment. Hence statement 4 is not correct.
• It refers to the time lag between the jobs when an individual is searching for a new job or is switching between the jobs.
• ​Vulnerable Employment:
• This means people are working informally without proper job contracts.
• These persons are deemed ‘unemployed’ since records of their work are never maintained.

The correct answer is Daimabad.

Key Points

• Daimabad is an archaeological site on the left bank of the Pravara River, a tributary of the Godavari River in Srirampur taluka in the **Ahmednagar (**Ahilya Nagar) district of Maharashtra.
• This site was discovered by B. P Bopardikar in 1958.
• It has been excavated 3 instances up to now with the aid of using the Archaeological Survey of India teams.
• Discoveries at Daimabad recommend that the Late Harappan lifestyle prolonged into the Deccan Plateau in India.
• It is well-known for the healing of many bronze goods, a number of which had been motivated with the aid of using the Harappan lifestyle.

Additional Information

• Lothal: 
• Excavated by S.R Rao in 1953.
• It was situated in Gujarat on the Bhogva river near the Gulf of Cambay.
• Important findings are the first manmade port, dockyard, rice husk, fire altars, chess playing.
• Dholavira:
• Located on the bank of Luni river in Rann of Kutch, Gujarat.
• Discovered by JP Joshi (1967-68).
• Important finding - Exclusive water management.
• Surkotada:
• Located between the rivers Sabarmati and the Bhogavo in Gujarat.
• Discovered by J.P. Joshi (1966).
• Important findings - Horse bone remains, declining Harappan phase.

Karsandas Mujli published the newspaper ‘Satyprakash’ in Gujarati, the newspaper was received as a game changer against the various social evils like Sati Pratha and Child marriage.

• Mars is called the red planet because it appears in the sky as a red star and also its surface is covered with fine sand and dust full of iron oxide.
• Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the solar system after Mercury.

Bhutan, a Buddhist kingdom on the Himalayas’ eastern edge, is known for its monasteries, fortresses (or dzongs) and dramatic landscapes that range from subtropical plains to steep mountains and valleys. It is the smallest country to have a terrestrial border with India.​

Samadhi of Guru Gobid Singh is located in the city of Nanded in Maharashtra because it is considered that he attained martyrdom in the same place. There is a Gurudwara built in the city which also has the Samadhi and goes by the name ‘Hazur Sahib’.

The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans to countries of the world for capital projects and allowed India to construct the long stood up Hydroelectric project on Chenab river in Kishwar district of Jammu and Kashmir.

The Correct Answer is Jyoti Prakash Nirala.

Key Points

• The Ashok Chakra for the year 2018 was awarded posthumously to Indian Air Force Garud Commando Corporal Jyoti Prakash Nirala.
• Corporal Nirala was killed after he shot down three terrorists in Jammu and Kashmir in 2017.

Important Points 

• Ashok Chakra is India's highest peacetime military honour which is awarded for valour, courageous efforts, and self-sacrifice.
• The following categories of persons are eligible for the Ashoka Chakra:
• Men and women of all ranks of the Army, the Navy and the Air Force, any of the Reserve Forces, the Territorial Army, Militia, and any other lawfully constituted forces.
• Members of the Nursing Services of the Armed Forces.
• Civilian citizens of either sex in all walks of life and members of Police Forces including Central Para-Military Forces and Railway Protection Force.

Additional Information 

• The order of precedence of gallantry awards is
• Param Vir Chakra
• Ashoka Chakra
• Mahavir Chakra
• Kirti Chakra
• Vir Chakra
• Shaurya Chakra

The correct answer is Nepalese rupee.

Key Points

• Kathmandu is the national capital of Nepal.
• Pushpa Kamal Dahal is the current PM of Nepal whereas Ram Chandra Poudel is the current President of the country.
• Nepal, a landlocked country in South Asia, shares its borders with five Indian states:
• Uttarakhand
• Uttar Pradesh
• Bihar
• West Bengal
• Sikkim

• Acid rain results when sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NO₂) are emitted into the atmosphere
• Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it has elevated levels of hydrogen ions. It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals and infrastructure.

The atomic mass of Hydrogen is 1 u. The atomic mass of oxygen is 16u. Since, there are 2 atoms of hydrogen and 1 atom of oxygen in a water molecule, the ratio of their masses is 2:16 or 1:8. 

The correct answer is One.

Key Points

• Article 324(2):- The Election Commission shall consist of the Chief Election Commissioner and a such number of other Election Commissioners, if any, as the President may from time to time fix and the appointment of the Chief  Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners shall, subject to the provisions of any law made in that behalf by Parliament, be made by the President.
• There is one Chief Election Commissioner who heads the Election Commission of India.
• Along with Chief Election Commissioner, there are 2 other commissioners in the body.
• They all are appointed by the President of India.
• They are not eligible for reappointment.
• They have the same powers as the judges of the Supreme Court.
• It is a body constitutionally empowered to conduct free and fair elections to the national and state legislatures and of President and Vice-President.

Additional Information

• Article 324 of the Constitution deals with the Election Commissions.
• The tenure of Election Commissioners is 6 years or up to 65 years of age, whichever is earlier

The correct answer is option 3, i.e. Attorney General of India.

• The Attorney General of India is the Indian government's chief legal adviser and its primary lawyer in the Supreme Court of India.
• He is appointed by the President of India under Article 76(1) of the Constitution and holds office during the pleasure of the President.

A sphincter is a circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes -as required by normal physiological functioning. Sphincters are found in many animals.

The correct answer is Homologous organs.

Key Points

• A homologous organ, system, or body part that shares a common ancestry in multiple organisms.
• Homologous organs are described as the organs of various   

animals with a similar structure, but with different functions.

Additional Information

• Analogous organs- Analogous organs, which have identical functions but distinct origins, are the opposite of homologous organs.
• The wings of insects, bats, and birds that developed independently in each lineage separately after diverging from an ancestor without wings will be an example of an analogous trait.

• President Ram Nath Kovind launched the project Jeevamritham in Amrithapuri in Kollam in Kerala.
• It was allotted Rs. 100 crore for the purpose of providing filtration system for cleaning drinking water to 5000 villages across India.

The correct answer is Pratyush

Key Points

• Pratyush or Prathyush is a supercomputer established at the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune in India. As of January 2018, Pratyush is the fastest supercomputer in India with a maximum speed of 6.8 PetaFlops.
• The system was inaugurated by Dr. Harsh Vardhan, Union Minister for science and technology, on 8 January 2018.