SSC CHSL Previous Paper 18 (Held On: 12 March 2018 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 1, i.e., 'She is walking'

Key Points

• It is clear through the word 'since' that the walking began in the morning and is still ongoing.
• In such cases, present perfect continuous tense is used since it is an action that is continuing in the present.

Thus the correct sentence is: She has been walking in the park since morning.

Additional Information

• Please refer to the following table for the types of tenses and their uses

The correct answer is 1, i.e., ​'of being wrapped up in our own self' 

Key Points

• The sentence uses the pronoun 'we' to talk about all people in general. All people is plural. Thus, there is an error in (3) as 'self' is singular
• Plural of self is selves.

Thus, the correct sentence is: The mobile phone which was primarily used to communicate with the outside world, has now become our primary instrument of being wrapped up in our own selves.

Confusion Points

• Note: Here, the subject of the sentence is 'the mobile phone' and hence the verb 'has' has been used correctly.

The correct answer is for

Key Points

• The sentence intends to convey that**:** He felt sorry because she suffered a loss and thus, he is trying to empathize with her.
• 'about' means with respect to
• 'at' generally means focusing on a fact or looking at something
• 'from' is not a grammatically-right fit here
• 'for' is used to indicate the reason behind something; it is used as a function word to indicate the object or recipient of perception, desire, or activity

Thus the correct sentence is: He was sorry for her loss

The correct answer is with

Key Points

• The statement says that the velocity is the rate of change of its position with regard to a frame of reference.
• 'with respect to' implies related to or with regard to something.

Thus the correct sentence is: The velocity of an object is the rate of change of its position with respect to a frame of reference.

The correct answer is Famous

Key Points

• Given below are the word-meanings of the options:

Thus, the correct meaning of 'Eminent' is 'Famous'

The correct answer is Proud

Key Points

• Given below are the word-meanings of the options:

Thus, the correct meaning of 'Conceited' is 'Proud'

The correct answer is Blame

Key Points

• Given below are the word-meanings of the given words:

Thus, the opposite of 'Absolve' is 'Blame'

The correct answer is Remote

Key Points

• Given below are the meanings of the mentioned words:

Thus, the correct answer is Option 3

The correct answer is PRQ

Key Points

• The first sentence ends with "up to". Hence the next sentence should begin with a living noun, i.e., "consumers" as mentioned in statement part P.
• According to 'P', consumers can appreciate something but if we continue with statement part Q, "appreciate exercise with power..." is grammatically wrong as two main verbs cannot exist successively
• However, hence consumers can appreciate the threat of antibiotic resistance... is meaningful because the subject (consumers) is doing some action (verb - appreciate) with the object (t**hreat)
• The sensible flow of passage should be from the cause of appreciation to the object of appreciation and finally to the method of handling that appreciation

Hence, the correct answer is: It is up to the consumers now to appreciate the threat of antibiotic resistance and exercise this power with care.

The correct answer is: The comedian was laughed at by the audience

Key Points

• The given sentence is in the simple past tense (laughed at)
• Hence, the passive voice will be of the form:  object+ was/were + past participle of laugh, i.e., laughed at+ by+subject
• The subject and object of the sentence in the active voice become the object and subject of the sentence in the passive voice.
• The helping word 'by' is used to signify the doer in the passive voice

The correct answer is He asked me if I was going to eat with them. 

Key Points

To change the sentence from Direct to Indirect we should:

• Make changes in tenses of reported speech only when the reporting verb is in the past tense.
• When the reported speech is an interrogative sentence we follow these steps-
• The reporting verb 'said' is changed into 'asked'.
• Connector 'if' or 'whether' is used in place of commas.
• Change the sentence, given in the reported speech, from interrogative to assertive.
• The tense of reported speech is changed accordingly.(in above sentence- 'are' changes into 'was')
• Personal Pronouns of reported speech are changed as per the subject and object of reporting verb. Here, the second person- 'You' will change into 'I' as per object - 'me' (hidden).

Thus the correct answer is Option 1

The correct answer is Embarrass. 

Key Points

• Embarrass means to cause (someone) to feel awkward, self-conscious, or ashamed

Additional Information

• Synonyms of 'Embarrass': Shame; Humiliate; Demean; Abash

The correct answer is greatly

Key Points

• The word immediately after the blank is 'influenced' which is a verb
• Thus it should be preceded and qualified by an adverb
• The only adverb among the options is 'greatly'
• 'Great' is an adjective; 'greatness' is a noun; 'greater' is a comparative: Any of these three would make the sentence grammatically incorrect

Thus the correct sentence is: Indian corporates are greatly influenced by

Additional Information

• Synonyms of 'Great' - Significant; Exceptional; Extraordinary; Prominent

The correct answer is compensation

Key Points

• If we carefully study the sentence, we can figure out that we need to choose the word which qualifies the type of practices in question
• Thus, the blank should be filled with a noun
• Among the given options, 'compensate', 'to compensate' and 'compensating' are verbs; only 'compensation' is a noun
• Compensation means 'money that you pay to somebody because you have injured him/her or lost or damaged his/her property'

Thus the correct sentence is: Management, including compensation practices

The correct answer is ideal

Key Points

• We are supposed to fill the blank in order to describe a compensation strategy
• Thus, we have to use an adjective
• Among the options, 'ideally' is an adverb; 'ideals' is a noun; 'ideal' is an adjective; 'idealism' is a noun
• 'Ideal' means the best possible; perfect

Thus the correct phrase is: that would be ideal for Indian corporates.

Additional Information

• 'Idealism' is the belief that a perfect life, situation, etc. can be achieved, even when this is not very likely

The correct answer is Should

Key Points

• When we read the given sentence in the passage, we find that the sentence just preceding this one is asking a question in the form of 'Should...?'
• This sentence, to maintain uniformity of tone and questioning, should again begin with the term 'should' to frame an immediately following question

Thus the correct phrase is: Japanese companies? Should there be some...

The correct answer is Why

Key Points

• If we carefully look at the passage, we find that a question regarding salary differentials has been asked just before this sentence
• To maintain uniformity of tone and the flow of inquisitiveness, the sentence aims to ask the reason behind the different renumeration of different functions
• This reason is denoted by the starting word 'Why'

Thus the correct phrase is: "...salary differentials? Why should different..."

The correct answer is A very small amount compared with what is needed or expected

Key Points

• A drop in the ocean is an idiom meaning an amount that is so small that it does not make an important difference or have much effect 

Additional Information

• Similar idioms with their respective meanings:

The correct answer is Be grateful for what one has.

Key Points

• Count one's blessings is an idiom meaning to make a special effort to appreciate the good things in one's life
• Example: I try to count my blessings every day. It's a great antidote to sadness!

Additional Information

• Similar idioms with their respective meanings:

The correct answer is Deterrence

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of each of the words given:

Thus the correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is Placate

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of each of the words given:

Thus the correct answer is Option 4

The correct answer is joked

Key Points

• The tense of the sentence as we can see from 'They teased...' is Simple Past Tense
• To agree with this, the Simple Past Tense of 'joke' i.e., 'joked' should be used

Thus the correct sentence is: They teased and joked with the patient and didn't stop till they elicited a favourable response from her.

The correct answer is No improvement

Key Points

• When it came to inheritance, the action of overlooking is dependent on this clause with time
• Thus we use the Past Perfect Tense of overlook, i.e, had been overlooked should be used in the context of the sentence

Thus the correct sentence is: Maybe Karishma wasn't the only one who had been overlooked by Mrs. Shah when it came to inheritance.

The correct answer is CAB

Key Points

• The articles **'**A and/or An' imply that a singular noun should follow.
• Thus, B can't be first since it starts with buses (plural).
• Out of A and C:
• ​ACB talks about a country that had well-connected old city..., which is absurd
• CAB gives a coherent meaning to the paragraph

Thus the correct answer is: Years later I moved to an old city on the east coast of the country that had well-connected buses, subways and tram systems.

The correct answer is Repository.

Key Points

• Repository: a place where things are stored and can be found
• Synonyms of Repository: archive; depository; storehouse; depot

The logic used here is,

→ Just as the total length of the boundary of the square is termed as perimeter. Similarly, the total length of the boundary of the circle is termed as circumference.

Hence, the correct answer is " Circle: Circumference ".

The pattern Followed here is :

15 + 2 = 17

Similarly:

23 + 2 = 25

Hence, 25 is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:-

PGY is related to JAS as:-

Similarly,

VIK is related to PCE as:-

Hence, the correct answer is "PCE".

The logic used here,

→ The first term is the unit, and the second term is its measuring instrument.

Let's check each option,

Here, we can see that Option 3 doesn't satisfy the logic with its ordering.

Hence, the correct answer is " Scale - Length ".

The Logic followed here is:-

(First number)³ = Second number

1. In 11 - 1331

11 × 11 × 11 = 1331

2. In 15 - 3375

15 × 15 × 15 = 3375

3. In 12 - 1728

12 × 12 × 12 = 1728

4. In 14 - 2788

14 × 14 × 14 = 2744 not 2788

Hence, the correct answer is "14 - 2788".

The pattern followed here is:-

1. In HPY

2. In AIQ

3. In GOW

4. In DLT

We can seen Clearly, HPY does not follow the same pattern as the other three options.

Hence, the correct answer is "HPY".

The correct order of the given words as they would appear in an English dictionary is as follows:-

3. Forget
4. Form
5. Fortify
6. Fortitude
7. Fragrant

Hence, the correct answer "32415".

The logic used here is,

Hence, the correct answer is " 21 ".

The pattern followed here is,

Hence, the correct answer is " MTP ".

Given →

1) Lokesh is taller than Gagan but not shorter than Abhishek.

Lokesh > Gagan

Lokesh > Abhishek

2) Abhishek and Suresh are of same height.

Abhishek = Suresh

3) Lokesh is shorter than Lalit.

Lokesh < Lalit

From the combination of 1) and 2) and 3), we get:-

Lalit > Lokesh > Abhishek = Suresh

Or

Lalit > Lokesh > Gagan

As we can seen clearly Lalit is the tallest boy.

Hence, the correct answer is " Lalit".

Given word → GYMNASTIC

1. MAN → GYMNASTIC (All the letter are present so, the word 'MAN' can be formed)

2. STICK → GYMNASTIC (Cannot be formed because K word is missing in GYMNASTIC)

3. GYM → GYMNASTIC (All the letter are present so, the word 'GYM' can be formed)

4. AIM → GYMNASTIC (All the letter are present so, the word 'AIM' can be formed)

Hence, the correct answer is "STICK".

We write on paper and in the given language, yellow is the code for paper.

Hence, the correct answer is " Yellow ".

Given equation → 6 × 6 ÷ 10 - 8 + 2 = ?

After replacing the symbols with their meaning, we get:-

New equation → 6 ÷ 6 – 10 + 8 × 2

Now, after applying BODMAS Rule, we get:-

6 ÷ 6 – 10 + 8 × 2

1 – 10 + 8 × 2

1 – 10 + 16

17 - 10 = 7

Hence, the correct answer is "7".

15 + 2 ÷ 20 × 10 – 6 = 13

However, after interchanging ÷ and ×, we will get the required answer:

15 + 2 × 20 ÷ 10 – 6

15 + 4 – 6

19 – 6 = 13

Hence, ÷ and × is the correct answer.

8 % 5 = (8 - 5) × 10 = 30

9 % 2 = (9 - 2) × 10 = 70

1 % 4 = (1 - 4) × 10 = -30

Similarly,

2 % 5 = (2 - 5) × 10 = -30

Hence, -30 is the correct answer.

The logic followed here,

→ After every term, A is replacing C and B is replacing D.

CDCDCBAB, CDCDABAB, CDCBABAB, CDABABAB, CBABABAB, ABABABAB.

Hence, the correct answer is " ABABABAB ".

As per the given information,

1. P rides 8 km north.

2. Then turns west and rides 6 km.

3. Then turns to her right and rides 4 km.

4. Q rides 10 km west.

5. Then turns to her right and rides 12 km.

Now, combining the distance and turns of both P and Q, we get:

Here, we can see that Q is 4 km west of P.

Hence, the correct answer is " 4 km West ".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows,

I. All vines are climbers → False. (It is possible but not definite true as there is no mentioned relation between Vines and Climbers).

II. No climbers are vines → False. (It is possible but not definite true as there is no mentioned relation between Climbers and Vines).

Hence, the correct answer is " Neither Conclusion I nor Conclusion II follows ".

Triangle represents Photographers.

Rectangle represents Actors.

Circle represents Art Critics.

The set of letters representing Photographers who are Actors or Art Critics = (Common section of Triangle and Rectangle) + (Common section of Triangle and circle).

Hence, the correct answer is " HGD ".

The pattern followed here is:-

Hence, the correct answer is "LJS".

The pattern followed here is:-

Hence, the correct answer is "106".

The Logic followed here is:-

Second number × 2 = First number ; Third number × 2 = Second number

1. In (64, 32, 16)

16 × 2 = 32 ; 32 × 2 = 64

2. In (96, 48, 20)

20 × 2 = 40 ≠ 48 ; 40 × 2 = 80 ≠ 96 (So, it is an odd pair as it does not follow the logic) 

3. In (144, 72, 36)

36 × 2 = 72 ; 72 × 2 = 144

4. In (216, 108, 54)

54 × 2 = 108 ; 108 × 2 = 216

Hence , the correct answer is "(96, 48, 20)".

Hence, the correct answer is " Option 1 ".

Let's check each option as per the opposite face pattern,

1) 

 → Can be formed.

2) 

 → Can be formed.

3) 

 → Can be formed.

4) 

 → Can't be formed as 

and 

should be the opposite faces.

Here, we can see that only cube in option 4 can't be formed.

Hence, the correct answer is " Option 4 ".

Let's check each option,

1. 13, 58, 20, 55 = G, U, I, Y

2. 11, 95, 42, 79 = K, O, J, T

3. 23, 43, 96, 34 = L, A, N, D

4. 30, 78, 42, 85 = L, R, J, Z

Hence, the correct answer is " 23, 43, 96, 34 ".

Calculation:

$\sqrt[3]{{\frac{{4913}}{{2197}}}} = \sqrt[3]{{\frac{{17 \times 17 \times 17}}{{13 \times 13 \times 13}}}} = \frac{{17}}{{13}}$

Calculation:

Let the number be x and y

(x + y) = 25      ----(1)

⇒ (x² + y²) = 313

⇒ (x + y)² = x² + y² + 2xy

⇒ (25)² = 313 + 2xy

⇒ xy = 156

(x + y)² - (x - y)² = 4ab

625 - (x - y)² = 4 × 156

(x - y) = 1       ----(2)

From equation 1 & equation 2

∴ x = 13 & y = 12

Given:

a² + b² - 6a - 6b + 18 = 0

Calculation:

⇒ a² - 2 × a × 3 + 3² + b² - 2 × b × 3 + 3² =0

⇒ (a - 3)² + (b - 3)² = 0

⇒ (a - 3)² = 0 & (b - 3)² = 0

⇒ a - 3 = 0 & b - 3 = 0

⇒ a = 3 & b = 3

∴ a - b = 0

Given:

(1 + a²)x² + 2abx + (b² - c²)= 0

Calculation:

Comparing on Ax² + Bx + C = 0

A = 1 + a², B = 2ab & C = (b² - c²)

Now, B² - 4AC = 0

⇒ (2ab)² - 4 × (1 + a²) × (b² - c²) = 0

⇒ 4a²b² - 4(b² - c² + a²b² - a²c²) = 0

⇒ 4a²b² - 4b² + 4c² - 4a²b² + 4 a²c² = 0

⇒ - b²+ c² + a²c² = 0

⇒ c² + a²c² = b²

∴ c² (1 + a²) = b²

Calculation:

In the following figure AB and CD are two equal cords of length 10 cm. where EF = x cm,                  

AF = FB = 5, CE = ED = 5,

Diameter = 26 cm

So, r = 13

In right ΔOBF

(OB)² = (FB)² + (OF)²

⇒ (13)² = 5² + (0F)²

⇒ OF = 12

Similarly, we can find OE = 12

∴ Distance between the cord is EF = OF + OE = 12 + 12 = 24 cm

Calculation:

∠A = ∠B = 90° & ∠O = 120°

So, ∠A + ∠B + ∠O + ∠P = 360°

⇒ 90° + 90° + 120° + ∠P = 360°

⇒ ∠P = 360° - 300°

∴ ∠P = 60°

Calculation:

The population of the town is 2,00,000

The population will be after 2 years  = 200000 × (1 + 10/100)²

⇒ 200000 × 110/100 × 110/10

= 242000

∴ The population will after 2 years  is 242000

Calculation:

Let the income of X and Y be 5a and 6a and the expenditure of X and Y be 6b and 5b.

X saves 7000 and Y saves 15000. Then

5a - 6b = 7000       ----(1)

6a - 5b = 15000      ----(2)

Equation (1) + equation (2), we get

a - b = 2000      ----(3)

And equation (2) - equation (1), we get

a + b = 8000      ----(4)

Solving equation (3) and equation (4) we get

a = 5000 & b = 3000

∴ Income of X = 5 × 5000 = 25000

Shortcut Trick

Profit Ratio = (Capital_X × Time_X) : (Capital_Y × Time_Y)

Ratio = (80,000 × 24) : (1,00,000 × 18)

Ratio = (8 × 24) : (10 × 18)

Ratio = 192 : 180 = 16 : 15

∴ The correct answer is 16 : 15.

Alternate Method

Given: Capital of X = ₹80,000, Capital of Y = ₹1,00,000, Total Time = 2 years (24 months), Y joins after 6 months.

Formula: Profit Ratio = Product of Investment and Duration

⇒ Time for which X invested = 2 years = 24 months

⇒ Time for which Y invested = 24 − 6 = 18 months

⇒ Profit of X : Profit of Y = (80,000 × 24) : (1,00,000 × 18)

⇒ Ratio = (8 × 24) : (10 × 18)

⇒ Ratio = 192 : 180

⇒ Ratio = (192 ÷ 12) : (180 ÷ 12)

⇒ Ratio = 16 : 15

∴ The correct answer is 16 : 15.

Additional Information

Compound Partnership

When partners invest different amounts for different time periods, the profit is shared in the ratio of (Capital × Time).

Capital Ratio Formula

If profits and time periods are known, the Capital ratio is calculated as: C₁ : C₂ = (P₁/T₁) : (P₂/T₂).

Time Ratio Formula

If profits and capitals are known, the Time ratio is calculated as: T₁ : T₂ = (P₁/C₁) : (P₂/C₂).

Calculation:

Sum of N natural numbers = N/2(1^st term + last term)

And, Average of N natural numbers = (1^st term + last term)/2

Average = 1 + 2 + ……..+ 99

= (99 +1)/2

= 50

Calculation:

5 year interest = Rs. 3000

⇒ 1 year interest = 600

Total sum = 5000

S.I = (P × T × R)/100

⇒ R = S.I/(P × T) × 100

∴ Rate (R) = 600/5000 × 100 = 12%

Calculation:

CP of the article = Rs. 5800

Loss percentage = 33%

Selling price of the article = 5800 × (100 - 33)/100

= 5800 × 67/100

= 58 × 67

= 3886

∴ The SP of the article is 3886.

Calculation:

SP of the article = 300

MP of the article = 300 + 20 = 320

Let CP of the article = 100%

MP of the article = 100% + 60% = 160%

⇒ 160% ≡ Rs. 320

⇒ (CP) = 100% ≡ Rs. 200

∴ Profit % = (300 - 200)/200 × 100 = 50%

Alternate Method Let the CP be 100 units

MP = 160 units (60% more than CP)

SP = Rs. 300, Discount = Rs. 20

MP = SP + Discount

MP = 300 + 20 = Rs. 320

160 units = Rs. 320

1 unit = Rs. 2

CP = 100 units = 100 × 2 = Rs. 200

SP = Rs. 300 (Given)

Profit = SP - CP = 300 - 200 = Rs. 100

Profit % = (Profit/CP) × 100 

Profit% = (100/200) × 100 = 50%

Calculation:

$\frac{{\sqrt {96} + \sqrt {216} }}{{\sqrt {24} }}$

 = $;\frac{{4\sqrt 6 + ;6\sqrt 6 }}{{2\sqrt 6 }};$

$= ;\frac{{10\sqrt 6 }}{{2\sqrt 6 }}$

= 5

Calculation:

The ratio of efficiency of A, B, and C = 15 ∶ 10 ∶ 6

Ratio of time of A, B and C = 1/15 ∶ 1/10 ∶ 1/6 = 2 ∶ 3 ∶ 5

Let A alone can complete the work in = 2x days

B alone can complete the work in = 3x days

And C alone can complete the work in = 5x days

According to the question,

1/2x + 1/3x + 1/5x = 1/25

⇒ 31/30x = 1/25

⇒ x = 155/6

So, C alone can complete the work in = 5x = 5 × 155/6 = 775/6 days

Shortcut Trick

Total work = (15 + 10 + 6) × 25 = 31 × 25 = 775

∴ C will complete the work = 775/6

Calculation:

Distance = 300 m and time

= 30 sec

Speed = distance/time

= (300 m)/(30 sec)

= (300 × 60 × 60)/(1000 × 30) km/h

= 36 km/h

Because author B is followed by maximum (500) people.

Total respondents = 2250

Respondents who say their favourite author is A = 300

& respondents who say their favourite author is B = 500

(A + B) = 800

∴ Required Percentage = 800/2250 × 100 = 35.55%

2250 people represent = 360°

⇒ 1 people represent = 360°/2250

∴ 400 people represent = 400/2250 × 360°= 64°

∴ Total number of people who have responded to the survey = A + B + C + D + E + F + G = 2250

Calculation:

a² = (d₁/2)­² + (d₂/2)²

⇒ a² = 3² + 4²

⇒ a = 5

∴ Perimeter of rhombus = 4a = 20

Calculation:

Interior angle of a regular polygon whose side is n

= [(n - 2)/n] × 180°

= [(10 - 2)/10] × 180

= 144°

Calculation:

d = 7 and r = 7/2

The curved surface area of the hemisphere = 2πr²

= 2 × 22/7 × 7/2 × 7/2

= 77

∴  curved surface area is 77 cm2

Calculation:

If ∠A = 45° & ∠B = 90°

So, ∠C = 45°

(tanC + √3/2) = tan 45° + (√3)/2

= 1 + (√3)/2

= (2 + √3)/2

Calculation:

In ΔXYZ

Cot X = base/perpendicular

⇒ Cot X = 2.5/p

⇒ 5/12 = 2.5/p

⇒ P = 6 cm

Using Pythagoras theorem

(XZ)² = (XY)² + (YZ)²

⇒ (XZ)² = (2.5)² + 6²

⇒ (XZ)² = 6.25 + 36

⇒ (XZ) = √42.25 = √(6.5 × 6.5)

∴ XZ = 6.5

Debt instruments are the assets that require a fixed payment with interest to the holder. Its examples include mortgages and bonds (corporate or government). Stocks cannot be called a Debt instrument.

• The Third Five Year Plan stressed on the growth of industries and agriculture.
• It aimed at increasing the agricultural production by 30%, however, India failed to achieve its target because of wars with Pakistan and China in 1965 and 1962 and also because of the bad monsoon.

• Babur held the title of Ghazi after the Battle of Khanwa(17^th March 1527).
• The battle which was fought between Rana Sanga and the Mughal ls was a decisive one which established the Mughal rule in India.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. The establishment of the College of Hellbury.

• Warren Hastings was the first Governor-General of Bengal from 1773 to 1785.
• He was also a part of the First Anglo-Maratha War, Rohilla War, and the Chait Singh Incident.

Cotopaxi in the Andes Mountains, is the active stratovolcano which is located in Ecuador, South America. It is one of the highest volcanic mountains of the world. Till date, it has erupted 50 times since 1738.

The correct answer is Kerala

• ​Cardamom hill is located in both Kerala and Tamil Nadu so if in option Tamil Nadu is given it should also be choosen

Key Points

• The Cardamom Hills, also known as Yelamala are the southern mountain ranges and also the part of southern Western Ghats.
• They are located in southwest Tamilnadu and southeast Kerala.
• Their name is derived from the cardamom spice which is grown there. Coffee and pepper are also grown in those hills.

Pandit Bhimsen Joshi was an Indian classical singer from Karnataka. He is known for his popular renditions of devotional music and also for his Khayal form of singing. He is a recipient of awards like Bharat Ratna and Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship.

The correct answer is Creating shared future in a fractured world.

Key Points

• The 48^th annual meeting of the World Economic Forum (WEF-2018) was started in Davos, Switzerland on January 22, 2018.
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi led the largest-ever Indian delegation.
• The theme of the 5-day summit was Creating a Shared Future in a Fractured World.
• Which aims to set an agenda to address the political, economic and Social challenges of recent times.
• More than 3,000 world leaders from business, politics, art, academia and civil society participated in the summit and the Indian presence was the largest ever with over 130 participants.

Important Points

• World Economic Forum (WEF) was held in Davos, Switzerland from 22 May to 26 May 2022.
• The theme of the meeting was 'History at a Turning Point: Government Policies and Business Strategies'.
• Commerce & Industry Minister Piyush Goyal, Health Minister Mansukh Mandaviya, and Petroleum and Natural Gas Minister Hardeep Singh Puri were some of the key ministers who attended the meeting.

Cristiano Ronaldo won the ‘FIFA Men's Player of The Year Award’ on October 23, 2017, for the fourth time in five years. Olivier Giroud won the best goal, while Lieke Martens won the best female player.

In terms of population, Pakistan stands at 5^th place in the world having 216,565,318 population.

Top 10 countries with highest population:

‘The atomic theory’ of a matter is a scientific theory that tells about the nature of matter. It states that matter is composed of units called atoms. John Dalton first formulated this theory, however, the existence of an atom was first suggested by Democritus.

• Antacids are used for treating indigestion. They neutralize excess stomach acid to relieve sour stomach, heartburn, stomach upset, and acid indigestion.
• Antibiotics are used to treat diseases caused by bacteria,.
• Analgesics are painkillers which are used to treat pain and fever.
• Antiseptics are used to reduce the possibility of any sepsis or infection.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. Speaker.

• The speaker in Lok Sabha is not allowed to vote in the first instance during voting.
• The First Session of the First Lok Sabha commenced on 13 May 1952.
• The Lok Sabha (House of the People) was duly constituted for the first time on 17 April 1952 after the first General Elections held from 25 October 1951 to 21 February  1952.
• Shri G.V. Mavalankar was the first Speaker of Lok Sabha.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. President of India.

• The Indian Parliament comprises of the President and the two Houses - Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and Lok Sabha (House of the People).
• The President has the power to summon and prorogue either House of Parliament or to dissolve Lok Sabha.
• President of India prorogues Houses of Indian Parliament at the end of winter, monsoon, and Budget session.
• Draupadi Murmu is the current President of India (July 2022).
• She is the first tribal president of India.

The correct answer is Pancreatic juice

Explanation:

• The pancreas secretes a liquid substance called pancreatic juice, which contains digestive enzymes.
• Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, procarboxypeptidases, amylases, lipases, and nucleases are among the inactive enzymes found in the pancreatic juice secreted by the pancreas.
• These enzymes help in the breakdown of all food components that require digestion.
• Enterokinase, an enzyme secreted by the intestinal mucosa, converts trypsinogen into active trypsin.
• Trypsin helps to convert proteins into peptones.
• Chymotrypsinogen is a degrading enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.
• Procarboxypeptidases enzymes remove C-terminal amino acids from peptides and proteins
• Amylase enzyme converts starch to maltose.
• Lipase is a digestive enzyme that breaks down fats into glycerol and fatty acids.
• Nucleases enzymes are specifically designed to break down the nucleotides that make up DNA and RNA.

Conclusion:

Trypsin is found in the digestive system. It hydrolyzes proteins. It is present in the pancreatic juice and formed in the small intestine.

The correct answer is Leeuwenhoek.

Key Points 

• Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
• He is also known for the discovery of bacteria.
• He is regarded as the father of microbiology.
• Anton van Leeuwenhoek laid the foundation of plant anatomy and studied animal reproduction in detail.
• He was a Dutch microscopist and biologist born in Delft, Netherlands.
• He experimented with and observed microscopic organisms in the year 1676.
• He is probably best known for his refinement of the microscope.
• He increased the magnifying power of the microscope from 20x to 270x.
• He was the first to observe bacteria and protozoa with his single-lensed microscope.
• In 1674, he observed small single-celled organisms and named them 'Animalcules'.
• In 1677, he discovered sperm in mammals.
• He was also the first person to study blood vessels and discovered blood cells and nematodes living in blood.

• 7 companies were given the Letter of Intent by the Union Ministry of Tourism for adopting 14 monuments under the ‘Adopt a Heritage Scheme’.
• The companies shortlisted will be the future ‘Monument Mitras’ who would associate pride with their CSR activities.

• Kepler–90i is the eighth planet discovered by NASA, circling Kepler- 90. It is a sun-like star which is 2545 light years far from the Earth.
• It was discovered by researchers Andrew Vanderburg and Christopher Shallue.

The correct answer is Quaterly.

Key Points

• Under GST regime, in ‘Composition Scheme’, taxpayers have to file returns Quaterly.
• GST is a value-added tax.
• It is a destination-based tax i.e. It will be levied at the point of consumption.
• Dual GST viz. Central GST (CGST) & State GST (SGST)
• Tax on inter-state supplies is Integrated Goods & Services Tax (IGST).
• It was introduced in Loksabha in 2014 as the 122^nd Constitutional Amendment Bill.
• It was passed as the 101^st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016.
• Article 279A  provides for a GST council to administer GST.

On 3 January 2018, Lok Sabha passed Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains (Amendment) Bill, 2017 to allow the government to take up infrastructure projects around protected monuments within their prohibited areas. The Bill empowers the National Monument Authority to consider an impact assessment of proposed works in the prohibited area.

The correct answer is 100.

Key Points

Frequency:

• The number of cycles or complete oscillations made by a vibrating object in one second is called Frequency.
• Simply saying, it is the total number of cycles per unit of time.
• The SI Unit of frequency is Hertz (Hz).

Time period:

• It refers to the time taken to complete one vibration.
• Frequency(f) and time period (T) are inversely proportional:
• T= 1/f

Calculations:

we have a formula for frequency

• Frequency (f) = 1/T (time period)
• therefore, 1/0.01 = 100
• f = 100Hz

Concept:

Universal Gravitational Law:

• Sir Isaac Newton put forward the universal law of gravitation in 1687 and used it to explain the observed motions of the planets and moons.
• Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with force directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
• Formula, Force, $F=\frac{GM_1M_2}{r^2}$where, F is the gravitational force between bodies, M1 and M2 are the masses of the bodies, r is the distance between the centers of two bodies, and 8G is the universal gravitational constant.
• Here, G = 6.673 x 10-11 N m2/kg2.
• ​Acceleration due to gravity:
• Acceleration due to gravity is the acceleration gained by an object due to gravitational force.
• Its SI unit is m/s2. It has both magnitude and direction, hence, it’s a vector quantity.
• Acceleration due to gravity is represented by g.
• The standard value of g on the surface of the earth at sea level is 9.8 m/s2.