SSC CGL 2021 Tier-I (Held On : 21 April 2022 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "508".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, '182' is the correct answer.

BODMAS Rule:

The two signs which should be interchanged to make the given equation correct is:

1. • and ÷

13 ÷ 15 × 8 + 96 − 4 = 109

⇒ 0.86 × 8 + 96 − 4 = 109

⇒ 6.94 + 96 − 4 = 109

⇒ 102.94 - 4 = 109

⇒ 98.94 ≠ 109

2. − and +

13 - 15 × 8 ÷ 96 + 4 = 109

⇒ 13 - 15 × 0.84 + 4 = 109

⇒ 13 - 12.6 + 4 = 109

⇒ 17 - 12.6 = 109

⇒ 4.4 ≠ 109

3. × and −

13 + 15 - 8 ÷ 96 × 4 = 109

⇒ 13 + 15 - 0.84 × 4 = 109

⇒ 13 + 15 - 3.36 = 109

⇒ 28 - 3.36 = 109

⇒ 24.64 ≠ 109

4. ÷ and −

13 + 15 × 8 - 96 ÷ 4 = 109

⇒ 13 + 15 × 8 - 24 = 109

⇒ 13 + 120 - 24 = 109

⇒ 133 - 24 = 109

⇒ 109 = 109

Hence, '÷ and −' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: First letter + 2 = Second Letter and Second and Third letters are coded according to the equivalent opposite letter of a particular letter of the word.

1. QSH → Q + 2 = S; S ↔ H
2. MPI → M + 3 = P; P ↔ K ≠ I
3. KMN → K + 2 = M; M ↔ N
4. CEV → C + 2 = E; E ↔ V

Hence, 'MPI' is the odd one out.

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is placed at 'AB' is shown below:

Hence, 'option 2' is the correct answer.

By using the symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Clearly, Reshma is the niece of Karishma.

Hence, ‘Niece’ is the correct answer.

The paper when unfolded will appear as shown below:

Hence, 'option 4' is the correct answer.

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between Infectious diseases, Deficiency diseases, Goitre, Rickets, Chickenpox is shown below:

Chicken Pox is an infectious disease.

Goitre and Rickets are Deficiency diseases.

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: Number : (Number - 1)³

• 13 ∶ 1728 → (13 - 1)³ = 12³ = 1728

Similarly,

• 17 : ? → (17 - 1)3 = 163 = 4096

Hence, '4096' is the correct answer.

The figure from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series is shown below:

As we move along the series:

• One line increases in each step.
• Number of sides in the figure increases by one: Triangle → Quadrilateral → Pentagon → Hexagon
• Letter series: D + 2 = F; F + 2 = H; H + 2 = J

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, 'GZUU' is the correct answer.

As N and P are the common faces, L is opposite to M and N and P are adjacent faces.

 → As M is not opposite to L, the box will not look like this when unfolded. 2.

 → As M is not opposite to L, the box will not look like this when unfolded. 3.

 → As M is not opposite to L, the box will not look like this when unfolded. 4.

 → As M is opposite to L and N and P are adjacent faces, so the box will look like this when unfolded.

Hence, 'option 4' is the correct answer.

BODMAS Rule:

1. 8 and 5

5 + 48 ÷ 12 × 8 – 13 = 29

⇒ 5 + 4 × 8 – 13 = 29

⇒ 5 + 32 – 13 = 29

⇒ 37 – 13 = 29

⇒ 24 ≠ 29

2. 12 and 13

8 + 48 ÷ 13 × 5 – 12 = 29

⇒ 8 + 3.69 × 5 – 12 = 29

⇒ 8 + 18.45 – 12 = 29

⇒ 26.45 – 12 = 29

⇒ 14.45 ≠ 29

3. 8 and 12

12 + 48 ÷ 8 × 5 – 13 = 29

⇒ 12 + 6 × 5 – 13 = 29

⇒ 12 + 30 – 13 = 29

⇒ 42 – 13 = 29

⇒ 29 = 29

4. 13 and 8

13 + 48 ÷ 12 × 5 – 8 = 29

⇒ 13 + 4 × 5 – 8 = 29

⇒ 13 + 20 – 8 = 29

⇒ 33 – 8 = 29

⇒ 25 ≠ 29

Hence, '8 and 12' is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is:

Conclusions:

I. Some knives are spades. → Follow (As, Some spades are knives)

II. Some rakes are knives. → Follow (As, All knives are rakes)

Hence, Both conclusions I and II follow.

The logic followed here is:  ​

​

Here, middle number = 6 - 3 = 3

And

Here, middle number = 7 - 3 = 4

Similarly,

Here, middle number(?) = 7 - 4 = 3

Hence, "3" is the correct answer.

As E is the common face in 2^nd and 3^rd dice, keeping it constant and rotating in clockwise direction, we get the faces opposite to each other:

Clearly, D will be on the face opposite to the face having the letter 'C'.

Hence, 'D' is the correct answer.

Let the number be x.

If 80% of a number is 768.

80x/100 = 768

⇒ x = (768 × 100)/80

⇒ x = 960

40% of 5% of that number

40/100 × 5/100 × 960

= 192000/10000

= 19.2

Hence, '19.2' is the correct answer.

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below:

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Logic: Letters of the word are coded according to the equivalent opposite letter of a particular letter of the word.

Similarly,

Hence, 'WVXILU' is the correct answer.

Four friends, H, I, J and K, are sitting at the four corners of a square facing towards the centre.

1. H and J are sitting at diagonally opposite corners.
2. I is sitting to the immediate left of H.

K will occupy the vacant position.

So, the final arrangement will be as shown below:

Clearly, I is sitting to the immediate right of J.

Hence, 'I' is the correct answer.

The correct option that indicates the arrangement of the given words in the order in which they appear in an English dictionary is:

4. Malfunction
5. Malice
6. Malignant
7. Mallows
8. Malware

Hence, '4, 1, 2, 3, 5' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, 'VFJ' is the correct answer.

Code for India is:

Clearly, Tim is the code for India.

Hence, 'Tim' is the correct answer.

Given sequence: IMM_ ILEI OBI IMMO _LE

1. BOMLMEIB → IMMBOILE - IMLOBIME - IMMOIBLE
2. BOLMLIEB → IMMBOILEI - LMOBILI - IMMOEBLE
3. OBMMLEBI → IMMOBILE - IMMOBILE - IMMOBILE
4. OBLMLBIE → IMMOBILEI - LMOBILB - IMMOIELE

• In option 3, IMMOBILE is repeated.

Hence, 'OBMMLEBI' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, '54-3-21-24-63' is the correct answer.

The correct answer is imbibants.

Key Points

• Colloidal systems – such as gum, starch, proteins, cellulose, agar, and gelatine – when placed in water, will absorb a large volume of water and swell up. These substances are called imbibants.
• Properties of a colloid-
• A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture.
• The size of particles of a colloid is too small to be individually seen by the naked eye.
• Colloids are big enough to scatter a beam of light passing through them and make their path visible.
• They do not settle down when left undisturbed, that is, a colloid is quite stable.
• They cannot be separated from the mixture by the process of filtration. But, a special technique of separation known as centrifugation, can be used to separate the colloidal particles.

Additional Information

• A combustible substance obtained from decaying organic matter is petroleum.
• The apoplast:
• It is the space outside the plasma membrane consisting of intercellular spaces where the material diffuses freely.
• It does not involve protoplasm in the plant tissues but involves the non-living parts of the plant such as the cell wall and intercellular spaces.

The correct answer is Flipflopi.

Key Points

• Flipflopi the world’s first sailing boat made entirely from plastic waste, aims to raise people’s awareness of plastic pollution in oceans.
• Flip-flops were collected from beaches and towns on the Kenyan coast.
• The Flip Flop project is a positive African plastic revolution.
• The Flipflopi is a Kenyan community-built boat constructed from recycled marine plastic and flip-flops.
• The project calls for a plastic revolution and raises awareness of the dangers of single-use plastic, of which 12 million tonnes are dumped at sea every year rather than repurposed or recycled.

Additional Information

• Africa is the continent that has taken the most national measures against the use and production of plastic bags.
• Out of 54countries, 24 have voted for a total or partial ban on plastic bags.
• By 2018, 58% of them had implemented these bans, although in practice in many countries major difficulties persist in complying with these bans.

The correct answer is Irish.

Key Points

• The Directive Principles of State Policy in the Constitution of India were borrowed from the Irish Constitution.
• The constituent assembly took 2 years 11 months and 18 days to frame the constitution of India.
• The constitution of India was adopted by the constituent assembly on 26^th November 1949.
• The constitution of India came into force on 26^th January 1950.
• India borrowed many features from different countries while preparing its constitution.
• Suspension of fundamental rights during emergencies was borrowed from the Weimar Republic of Germany.
• Amendment to the constitution is adopted from South Africa.
• The important features borrowed from the Republic of Ireland are:
• Presidential election.
• Nomination of the members to the Rajya sabha.
• Directive principle of state policy.

Additional Information

• The framers of the constitution borrowed this idea from the Irish Constitution of 1937, which had copied it from the Spanish Constitution.
• The Directive Principles of State Policy are mentioned in Part IV of the constitution from Articles 36 to 51.
• Dr. B.R. Ambedkar described these principles as 'novel features' of the Indian Constitution.
• The Directive Principles along with the Fundamental Rights contain the philosophy of the constitution and are the soul of the Constitution.

The correct answer is China.

Key Points

• China hosted the ITTF (International Table Tennis Federation) Women's World Cup 2020.
• The headquarters of the International Table Tennis Federation is situated in Lausanne, Switzerland.
• The International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) is the governing body for all national table tennis federations.
• The role of the ITTF includes overseeing rules and regulations and seeking technical improvements to the game of table tennis.
• The ITTF is responsible for organizing several international competitions, including the World Table Tennis Championships which have been running since 1926.

Additional Information

• International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) has collaborated with Indian startup, Stupa Sports Analytics.
• It will provide Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled, real-time match and practice analytics solutions to leading players in all its 226 member associations (countries).
• An agreement in this regard has been signed between ITTF and Stupa Analytics.

The correct answer is Limulus.

Key Points

• Limulus is NOT a type of mosquito.
• It is also known as the king crab or horseshoe crab.
• It belongs to the phylum "Arthropoda".
• It has remained unchanged for the last 190 million thereby it is considered a living fossil.

Additional Information

• Anopheles:
• ​The female Anopheles mosquito is the vector of malaria.
• Malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium.
• It affects red blood cells and the liver.
• Culex:
• It is a genus of mosquitoes, several species of which serve as vectors of one or more important diseases of birds, humans, and other animals.
• The diseases they vector include arbovirus infections such as West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, and Filariasis.
• Female Aedes:
• It is mosquitos are dengue virus carriers.
• Dengue mosquitos typically bite during the day and can be found almost anywhere. These mosquitos are most active in the early morning and late evening.
• There is no specific medicine or vaccine to treat dengue fever. People who have dengue fever should rest and drink plenty of fluids.

The correct answer is Anga.

• The ancient city of Champa is believed to be the capital of Anga Mahajanapada.

Key Points

• Anga was an ancient Indian kingdom that flourished on the eastern Indian subcontinent and was one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas.
• Present-day Bhagalpur and Munger districts jointly constituted the Anga Mahajanpada.
• The State of Anga is earliest mentioned in Atharvaveda.
• The capital of Anga was Champa/Champawati was earlier called Malini.
• The first king of Anga was Bali and the last king was Brahmadatta.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Chhapaak.

Key Points

• Gulzar was awarded the 66^th Filmfare Award for ‘Best Lyrics’ for the film Chhapaak.
• Chhapaak is a 2020 Indian Hindi-language drama film directed by Meghna Gulzar and produced by Deepika Padukone and Meghna Gulzar in collaboration with Fox Star Studios.
• Deepika Padukone played the role of Lakshmi Agarwal in this film.
• Meghna Gulzar got the Film Fare Award for Best Director in 2019.
• The Government of Rajasthan has made the film 'Chhapak' tax-free in the state based on the story Laxmi Agarwal (Acid Attack Survivor).
• As per the order issued by the Finance Department on January 10, 2020, the film has been exempted from SGST. This order will be effective for six months.

Additional Information

• The 66^th National Film Awards were announced on 9 August 2019.
• Ayushman Khurana and Vicky Kaushal jointly won the Best Actor Award for their performances in 'Andhadhun' and 'Uri: The Surgical Strike'.'
• 'Badhai Ho' bagged the award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment.
• Hindi movie 'Padman' was declared Best Film on Social Issues.

The correct answer is 6.5 - 8.5.

Key Points

• According to the Central Ground Water Board, BIS (IS_10500 and revised module IS 10500:2012) specifications in the Uniform Drinking Water Quality Monitoring Protocol, 6.5 - 8.5 is the acceptable pH value of drinking water specification in India.
• The pH value of water indicates the logarithm of the reciprocal of hydrogen ion concentration present in water.
• It is thus an indicator of the acidity or the alkalinity of water.
• Hence, if the pH of water is more than 7, it will be alkaline, and if it is less than 7, it will be acidic.
• The maximum acidity will be at zero value of pH and the maximum alkalinity will be at a value of pH equal to 14.
• pH is measured by a potentiometer in which the potential exerted by H+ is measured.
• It can also be measured by a colour indicator.
• The Colour formed is compared with the standard colour.
• Permissible values of pH for public supplies may range from 6.5 to 8.5.

The correct answer is 2005 - 2015.

Key Points

• 2005 - 2015 decade was proclaimed by the General Assembly of the United Nations as the International Decade for Action on 'Water for life.
• The primary goal of the 'Water for Life' Decade is to promote efforts to fulfil international commitments made on water and water-related issues by 2015.
• The focus is on furthering cooperation at all levels so that the water-related goals of the Millennium Declaration, the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation of the World Summit for Sustainable Development, and Agenda 21 can be achieved.
• The challenge of the Decade is to focus attention on action-oriented activities and policies that ensure the long-term sustainable management of water resources, in terms of both quantity and quality, and include measures to improve sanitation.
• Achieving the goals of the 'Water for Life' Decade requires sustained commitment, cooperation, and investment on the part of all stakeholders from 2005 to 2015 and far beyond.

Additional Information

• Two initiatives have been launched by UN-Water to support the 'Water for Life' Decade:
• The UN-Water Decade Programme on Capacity Development (UNW-DPC). Hosted by the United Nations University in Bonn, Germany, the UNW-DPC strengthens the coherence and effectiveness of capacity development activities in the framework of the Decade.
• The United Nations Office to Support the International Decade for Action 'Water for Life' 2005-2015/UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication (UNO-IDfA/UNW-DPAC). Located in Zaragoza, Spain, and led by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), UNO-IDfA/UNW-DPC facilitates information, implements communication activities, and raises awareness in the framework of the Decade.

The correct answer is seven.

Key Points

• There is a seven-day interval between the spring tides and neap tides.
• Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun, and the rotation of the Earth.
• There are two types of tides namely, spring tides and neap tides depending upon the relative positions of the sun, the earth, and the moon.
• Spring tides:
• When the sun, the moon, and the earth are in a straight line, the height of the tide will be higher.
• These are called spring tides and they occur twice a month, one during the full moon period and another during the new moon period.
• Neap tides:
• Normally, there is a seven-day interval between the spring tides and neap tides.
• At this time the sun and moon are at right angles to each other and the forces of the sun and moon tend to counteract one another.
• The Moon's attraction, though more than twice as strong as the sun's, is diminished by the counteracting force of the sun's gravitational pull.
• Like spring tides, these tides also occur twice a month.

The correct answer is to reduce the age for voting from 21 to 18 years.

Key Points

• The 61^st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1989 of the Constitution of India lowered the voting age of elections to the Lok Sabha and to the Legislative Assemblies of States.
• It reduces the age from 21 years to 18 years.
• 61^st Constitution Amendment Act, 1988:
• The Sixty-first Amendment act of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution Act, 1988, lowered the age of elections to the Lok Sabha and to the Legislative Assemblies of States from 21 years to 18 years.
• This Act was a result of providing amendments to Article 326 of the constitution, which concerns elections to the Lok Sabha and the assemblies.

Additional Information

• Lok Sabha:
• It is a temporary body and can be dissolved after every 5 years.
• It is also known as the House of People and the lower house of Parliament.
• The Lok Sabha has a seating capacity of 550.
• Actual Strength: 543. (elected: 543).
• Speaker: Om Birla.
• Legislative Assemblies of States:
• It is the legislative body in the State and Union Territories of India and is dissolved after every 5 years.
• Maximum Strength: 500.
• Minimum Strength: 60(except Goa, Sikkim, Mizoram, and Puducherry).

The correct answer is Goa.

Key Points

• Mridula Sinha was also the first woman Governor of Goa.
• Former Governor of Goa and veteran BJP leader Mridula Sinha passed away in November 2020.
• A renowned Hindi writer, she also served as the head of the BJP's women's wing and chairperson of the Central Social Welfare Board in the Ministry of Human Resource Development.

Additional Information 

• Goa:
• Chief Minister - Pramod Sawant.
• Governor -  Shri P.S. Sreedharan Pillai
• Lok Sabha seats - 2.
• Rajya Sabha seats - 1.

The correct answer is Darjeeling.

Key Points

• The Ghoom Monastery is located in Darjeeling.
• Darjeeling is a popular hill station in West Bengal and it is also famous for 'Darjeeling Tea'.
• The highest peak in India, the Kanchenjunga peak is clearly visible from Darjeeling.
• Kurseong is known as the 'Land of White Orchids' and it is a hill station located on the Siliguri-Darjeeling highway.
• Siliguri is a city of West Bengal is known as the "Gateway to North-East India".
• Kalimpong is a hill station in West Bengal famous for Buddhist monasteries and churches.

The correct answer is 79.

Key Points

• As per World Justice Project 2020, India’s rank is 79 Regulatory Enforcement as cited in the Economic Survey of India 2021.
• India has been ranked at 79^th spot among 139 countries in the World Justice Project (WJP) Rule of Law Index 2021.
• The report measures how the rule of law is experienced and perceived across the world by the general public, legal practitioners, and experts, in practical and everyday situations.
• The WJP's framework covers eight factors.
• Denmark has topped the index, followed by Norway and Finland.
• India's score places it at 3 out of 6 countries in the South Asia region and 9 out of 35 among lower middle-income countries.
• Regionally, South Asia's top performer in the Index is Nepal (70^th out of 139 countries globally), followed by Sri Lanka and India.
• The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cambodia, and Venezuela had the lowest overall rule of law scores.

Additional Information

• About World Justice Project (WJP) Rule of Law Index 2021:
• The WJP Rule of Law Index is the world's leading source for original, independent data on the rule of law.
• The Index provides current and reliable information to policymakers, civil society organizations, academics, citizens, and legal professionals, among others.

The correct answer is Matangini Hazra.

• Matangini Hazra the Indian freedom fighter was fondly called Gandhi Buri (Old Lady Gandhi) for her dedication to Gandhian principles.

Key Points

• Matangini Hazra:
• She was an Indian revolutionary who participated in the Indian independence movement until she was shot dead by the British Indian police in front of the Tamluk Police Station, Midnapore District.
• She was affectionately known as "Gandhi Buri" and "Bangla for old lady Gandhi".
• In 1920, she took part in the Non-Cooperation Movement and was arrested for breaking the Salt Act.
• She also participated in the 'Chowkidari Tax Bandha' (abolition of chowkidari tax) movement.

Additional Information

• There are the 15 female members of the Constitution assembly are:
• Durgabhai Deshmukh.
• Rajkumari Amrit Kaur.
• Hansa Mehta.
• Begam Aizaz Rasul.
• Ammu Swaminathan.
• Sucheta Kriplani.
• Dakshyani Velayudhan.
• Renuka Ray.
• Purnima Banerjee.
• Annie Mascarene.
• Kamla Chaudhary.
• Leela (Nag) Roy.
• Malati Chaudhary.
• Sarojani Naidu.
• Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit

The correct answer is seven.

Key Points

• Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced the setting up of 7 mega textile parks across the country over three years, in her Budget 2021-22 speech.
• The government has unveiled a scheme for setting up mega textile parks in the country.
• Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman made the announcement while presenting the Budget 2021-22 in Parliament.
• A scheme of mega-investment textile parks will be launched in addition to the production-linked incentive (PLI) scheme 7 mega textile parks will be launched in 3 years as part of the scheme.

The correct answer is Periblem.

Key Points

• Periblem is the middle layer in the root apical meristem that gives rise to the cortex.
• The lateral root initiation involves a series of rapid divisions in pericycle cells located on the xylem of the root.
• It grows out through the cortex and epidermis.
• A part of the vascular cambium is formed by a pericycle.
• The pericycle is a unique layer of cells in plants, located between the endodermis and phloem.
• It has two different types of cells parenchyma and sclerenchyma cells.
• The endodermis is the central, innermost layer of any land plant root cell, consisting of closely packed cells.
• It is the boundary between the cortex and stele.
• The plant endodermis plays an important role in selecting what gets into the plant from the soil, like Water intake, Hormone, and ion movement in and out of the roots 'vascular system.
• The epidermis is located in a plant root, which is the first single layer.
• The major role of the epidermis is the protective tissue of plants which forms the outer covering of the entire plant surface and protects the underlying tissues.
• The plants have waxy, water-resistant layers on the outer surface of epidermal cells which in turn reduces water loss and provides protection against mechanical or environmental injury and invasion of parasitic fungi.

Additional Information

• The root cap/calyptra:
• It is a section of tissue at the tip of a plant root.
• It is also called calyptra.
• Root caps contain statocytes which are involved in gravity perception in plants.
• If the cap is carefully removed the root will grow randomly.
• The root cap protects the growing tip in plants.

The correct answer is Wavelength.

Key Points

• The distance between two successive crests or troughs of sea waves is called the wavelength of a wave.
• The wavelength of a wave is the distance between any two corresponding points on adjacent waves.
• The frequency is the number of waves that pass a certain point in a specified amount of time.
• Frequency is represented by the Greek letter nu (v).

Additional Information

• Wave height may be given by the following equation,
• hw= 0.032√vf+0.763–0.271ƒ³/⁴, for f < 32
• hw= 0.032vf, for f > 32
• where hw = height of the water from the top of the crest to the bottom of the trough in meters,
• v = wind velocity in km/h,
• f = fetch or straight length of a water expanse in km.

The correct answer is Two.

Key Points

• As per the provisions of Union Budget 2021-22, 2 public sector banks have been lined up for disinvestment.
• In the budget speech, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said that two banks will be privatized along with one general insurance company.
• This is another attempt by the government to bring reforms in public sector banking.
• Privatization Highlights-
• Foreign Direct Investment in the insurance sector will increase from 49 percent to 74 percent.
• The initial public offering (IPO) of LIC will be brought in Financial Year 2022.
• Plans to complete the divestments of BCL, CONCOR, and SCI in 2021-22.
• NITI Aayog to work on strategic disinvestment for the next list of central public sector companies.
• Further recapitalization of Rs 20,000 crore is proposed in 2021-22 for the banking sector.
• The government expects to raise Rs 1 lakh crore from disinvestment in public sector banks and financial institutions in FY22.

Additional Information

• The Union Budget is presented by Union Finance Minister.
• The union budget comes under Article 112.
• The Budget has to be passed by the Lok Sabha before it can come into effect.
• The Union Budget is also known as the Annual Financial Statement.
• The Budget is presented on the 1^st of February (until 2016, it was presented on the last working day of February).
• Union Finance Minister-Nirmala Sitharaman (as of Feb 2021).
• Constituency-Karnataka

The correct answer is General Dyer.

Key Points

• General Dyer British officer issued the infamous ‘crawling order’ whereby Indians had to crawl on all fours to pass an alley.
• The crawling order of the British government is related to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
• The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre.
• Took place at Amritsar, Punjab on 13^th April 1919.
• General Reginald Dyer was the Brigadier (Acting) who ordered troops of the British Indian Army to fire into a crowd of unarmed Indian civilians.
• This incident shocked Rabindranath Tagore and he renounced his knighthood.

Additional Information

• Warren Hastings:
• He became the first Governor-General of Bengal in 1773.
• Lord Curzon (1899-1905):
• He formed a Police commission in 1902 under the leadership of Sir Andrew Fraser.
• It recommended a separate Training centre for officers and constables.
• It introduced provincial police service and also at the same time made the Indian Army a modern fighting force then Commander-in-chief Lord Kitchener made reform in the Indian Military.
• He passed the Calcutta Corporation Act in the year 1899.
• He was the Viceroy who passed a law for protecting Ancient Indian monuments.
• He passed the law in 1904 that made the destruction of Ancient Monuments an offence and directed officials to collect and preserve ancient monuments.
• In India, the British Viceroy Lord Curzon partitioned Bengal (1905) despite strong Indian nationalist opposition.
• The government announced the partition in January 1904.
• Bengal was divided into two new provinces 'Bengal' (which comprises western Bengal and the province of Bihar and Orissa) and Eastern Bengal and Assam, with Dacca as the capital of the latter.
• Lord Irwin (1926 AD-1931 AD): Important Events
• Simon Commission visited India in 1928.
• Nehru Report, 1928.
• Lahore Session of the Congress, (1929) and Poorna Swaraj, declaration.
• Civil Disobedience Movement, 1930 started.
• Dandi March (12 March 1930).
• Gandhi-Irwin Pact, 5 March 1931.
• Sharda Act, 1929, under which the marriageable age of girls (14 years) and boys (18 years) was raised.
• Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhash Chandra Bose founded the Independence of India League.

The correct answer is Bishnupur.

Key Points

• A distinct ‘Dhrupad style’ is associated with the Bishnupur Gharana.
• Dhrupad and khyāl are the two forms of classical singing that exist today in North India.
• Traditionally, the dhrupad style of singing was performed with a tanpura and pakhawaj.
• The lyrics sung in Dhrupad are in a medieval form of Hindi and typically heroic in theme, or praise of a particular deity.
• It is a form of devotional music that traces its origin to the ancient text of Samveda.
• One significant characteristic of Dhrupad is the emphasis on maintaining the purity of the Raga.
• Hindustani classical music is primarily vocal-centric.
• The primary vocal forms associated with Hindustani music are the Khayal, Ghazal, Dhrupad, Dhammar, Tarana, and Thumri.

Additional Information

• The word Dhrupad is derived from Dhruva, the steadfast evening star that moves through the galaxy, and Pada meaning poetry.
• Abul Fazl, courtier and chronicler at the court of Emperor Akbar, defines the dhrupad verse form in his Ain-e-Akbari as "four rhyming lines, each of indefinite prosodic length.
• The elaboration of Dhrupad alap is done using the syllables of a mantric phrase, it is slow in the beginning and raises tempo after some time.

The correct answer is Viswanathan Anand.

Key Points

• Viswanathan Anand was named sportsman of the decade (Individual non-Olympic sports) at the 2021 Sportstar ACES Awards.
• He is the first Indian chess grandmaster and also a former world chess champion.
• He has won the world chess championship five times.
• An autobiography - 'Mind Master' was launched in December 2020.
• The 'Grandmaster' title is awarded to chess players by the world chess organization FIDE.
• India and Russia were declared the joint winners of the 2020 Online Chess Olympiad.
• World number 1 Chess player - Magnus Carlsen (Norway) with 2882 points.

Additional Information

• Baskaran Adhiban:
• He is a grandmaster from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and is one of India's elite players with a rating consistently over 2600.
• Pentala Harikrishna:
• He is an Indian chess player. He became the youngest grandmaster from India.
• He was Commonwealth Champion in 2001, World Junior Champion in 2004, and Asian Individual Champion in 2011.
• Vidit Gujrathi:
• He is an Indian chess player.
• He attained the title of Grandmaster in January 2013.

The correct answer is 1955.

Key Points

• The Hindu Marriage Act was enacted in the year 1955.
• Marriage Law Act:
• The Hindu Marriage Act is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted in 1955.
• According to Section 2 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, marriage in any form among Hindus, regardless of caste or creed or any person, is bound to abide by the rules of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.
• The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 was intended to secure the rights of marriage for the bride and groom who are Hindus and are bound under the sacred bond of marriage under any ceremony.
• The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 removed any distinction under the law of marriage between a young woman and a widow and both are treated equally under this law.

Additional Information

• The Hindu marriage act applies to all over Indian states and the Union territories, Jammu and Kashmir being an exception to it.
• Marriage is directly registered by the Registrar of Marriage under section 8 of the Hindu Marriage Act-1955 on the same working day.
• Verification of all the documents is carried out on the date of application and thereafter Marriage is registered on the same working day by the registrar of marriage appointed by the Govt. of India and a marriage certificate is issued.
• Section 5 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 makes a marriage lawful only if the groom has attained the age of 21 years at the time of marriage and the bride has attained the age of 18 years at the time of marriage.
• The couple should not be in a prohibited relationship unless their custom permits them to get married.
• The couple should not be sapindas (cousins) unless their custom permits them to get married.

The correct answer is I, II, and III.

Key Points

• The Government of India launched the International Gandhi Peace Prize in 1995 on the occasion of the 125^th birth anniversary of Mohandas Gandhi.
• It is an annual award given to individuals and institutions for their contributions toward social, economic, and political transformation through non-violence and other Gandhian methods.
• The award holds 1 Crore prize money in cash, a plaque, and a citation.
• The award is open to all persons regardless of nationality, race, language, caste, creed, or sex.
• The Gandhi Peace Prize for the year 2020 will be conferred to Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.
• Rahman was the first President of Bangladesh.
• Rahman is known as the "Father of the Nation" or simply "Mujib" in Bangladesh.
• Gandhi Peace Prize is an annual award instituted by the Government in1995 and carries an amount of Rs 1 crore, a citation, a plaque, and an exquisite traditional handicraft.

The correct answer is Reduction in the vegetation cover to arrest landslides.

Key Points

• Decreasing vegetation cover to arrest landslides is NOT correct among the mechanisms of landslides mitigation.
• Landslides Mitigation Mechanisms:
• Hazard mapping to identify areas prone to landslides.
• Construction of retention walls to stop land slippage.
• Increasing vegetation cover to arrest landslides.
• Ensuring surface drainage control works to restrict the movement of landslides.
• Formation of any header niche and perforation.

Additional Information

• A landslide:
• It is defined as the movement of a mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope.
• Landslides are a type of "mass wasting," which denotes any down-slope movement of soil and rock under the direct influence of gravity.

Given:

Dalip earned on average Rs. 501 per day.

His average earning was Rs. 495 and, for the last 15 days, his average earning was Rs. 505.

Concept used:

Average = Sum of elements/Number of elements

Calculation:

Total earnings in the month of March = 501 × 31

⇒ 15531

Total earning of 1^st 18 days = 495 × 18

⇒ 8910

Total earning of last 15 days = 505 × 15

⇒ 7575

Earning of 17^th and 18 March = (8910 + 7575) - 15531

⇒ 954

Let he earned Rs. x in 18^th March

So, on 17^th March he earned = x - 50

Now,

x - 50 + x = 954

⇒ 2x = 1004

⇒ x = 502

So, he earned Rs. 502 on 18^th of March

∴ He earn on 18^th March 502 (in Rs.).

Given:

Male employees in office C = 20%

Female employees in office E = 40%

To Find:

Ratio of Female employees in E : Female employees in C

Calculation:

Total female employees in office C = 2400 × (54/360) × 80%

⇒ 360 × 80%

⇒ 288

Total female employees in office E = 2400 × (72/360) × 40%

⇒ 480 × 40%

⇒ 192

Ratio = 192 : 288

⇒ 2 : 3

∴ Required answer is 2 : 3.

Given:

∠CAB = 52° and ∠ABD = 47°

Concept used:

The angle subtended by the diameter at any point on the circumference is equal to 90°

Calculation:

According to the concept,

∠ACB = ∠ADB = 90°

So, ∠CBA = 180° - (90° + 52°)

⇒ 180° - 142°

⇒ 38°

Similarly,

∠BAD = 180° - (90° + 47°)

⇒ 180° - 137°

⇒ 43°

So, ∠CAD = 52° + 43°

⇒ 95°

∠CBD = 38° + 47°

⇒ 85°

Now,

∠CAD - ∠CBD = 95° - 85°

⇒ 10°

∴ The difference (in degrees) between the measures of ∠CAD and ∠CBD is 10.

Given:

$\left[\left(5 \frac{1}{4} \div 3 \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{5}{12}\right)-\frac{3}{16}\right] \div\left(3 \frac{4}{7} \div \frac{5}{14}\right. \text{of} ~\left.6 \frac{2}{3}\right)$ of 1$\frac{1}{3}$

Concept used:

Calculation:

$\left[\left(5 \frac{1}{4} \div 3 \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{5}{12}\right)-\frac{3}{16}\right] \div\left(3 \frac{4}{7} \div \frac{5}{14}\right. \text{of} ~\left.6 \frac{2}{3}\right)$ of 1$\frac{1}{3}$

⇒ $\left[\left(\frac{21}{4} \div \frac{7}{2} \times \frac{5}{12}\right)-\frac{3}{16}\right] \div\left(\frac{25}{7} \div \frac{5}{14}\right. \text{of} ~\left.\frac{20}{3}\right)$ of 1$\frac{1}{3}$

⇒ $\left[\left(\frac{21}{4} \times \frac{2}{7} \times \frac{5}{12}\right)-\frac{3}{16}\right] \div\left(\frac{25}{7} \div \frac{50}{21}\right)$ of 1$\frac{1}{3}$

⇒ $\left[\frac{5}{8}-\frac{3}{16}\right] \div\left(\frac{25}{7} \times \frac{21}{50}\right)$ of 1$\frac{1}{3}$

⇒ $\left[\frac{10 - 3}{16}\right] \div \frac{3}{2}$ of 1$\frac{1}{3}$

⇒ $\frac{7}{16} \div \frac{3}{2}$ of $\frac{4}{3}$

⇒ $\frac{7}{16} \div 2$

⇒ $\frac{7}{32}$

∴ Required answer is $\frac{7}{32}$.

Given:

A ladder 18 m long rests against a wall so that the angle between the ladder and the wall is 30°. 

Concept used:

Calculation:

Let AB be the height of the wall AC be the length of the ladder and BC be the base distance of the ladder from the wall

Now,

In ΔABC

Sin30° = BC/AC

⇒ 1/2 = BC/18

⇒ 2BC = 18

⇒ BC = 9

So, base distance = 9 m

∴ The base of the ladder from the wall is 9 m far.

Given:

Discount % = 30

Loss % = 4.8

Concept used:

Selling price = Marked price × (100 - discount)%

Selling price = Cost price × (100 - loss)%

Calculation:

Let the cost price be 100x

So, selling price = 100x × (100 - 4.8)%

⇒ 100x × 95.2%

⇒ 95.2x

Now,

According to the question,

Marked price = 95.2x × 100/70

⇒ 136x

So, difference = 136x - 100x

⇒ 36x

Required % = (36x/100x) × 100

⇒ 36%

∴ The value of x is 36.

Given:

$\frac{\sin ^{2} ∅-3 \sin ∅+2}{\cos ^{2} ∅}=1$

Concept used:

Sin²θ + Cos²θ = 1

Calculation:

$\frac{\sin ^{2} ∅-3 \sin ∅+2}{\cos ^{2} ∅}=1$

⇒ sin²∅ - 3sin∅ + 2 = cos²∅

⇒ sin2∅ - 3sin∅ + 2 = 1 - sin2∅

⇒ 2sin2∅ - 3sin∅ + 1 = 0

⇒ 2sin2∅ - 2sin∅ - sin∅ + 1 = 0

⇒ 2sin∅(sin∅ - 1) - 1(sin∅ - 1) = 0

⇒ (sin∅ - 1)(2sin∅ - 1) = 0

⇒ sin∅ = 1 or 1/2

So, ∅ = 90° or 30°

∅ cannot be 90°  [As 0° < ∅ < 90°]

So, ∅ = 30°

Now,

(cos 2∅ - sin 3∅ + cosec 2∅) = (cos60° - sin90° + cosec60°)

⇒ (1/2) - 1 + (2/√3)

⇒ [(√3 - 2√3 + 4)/2√3]

⇒ [{(√3 - 2√3 + 4) × √3}/(2√3) × √3]

⇒ (3 - 6 + 4√3)/6

⇒ (- 3 + 4√3)/6

∴ Required answer is $\frac{-3+4 \sqrt{3}}{6}$.

Shortcut Trick

Relative Speed (same direction) = 90 − 80 = 10 km/h.

Total Distance (Sum of lengths) = Relative Speed × Time.

Total Length = 10 × (5/18) × (3 × 60) = 500 m.

Length of second train = 500 − 230 = 270 m.

∴ The correct answer is 270 m.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed of Train A (V₁) = 80 km/h

Speed of Train B (V₂) = 90 km/h

Length of Train A (L₁) = 230 m

Crossing Time (t) = 3 minutes = 180 seconds

Formula Used:

Total Distance = Relative Speed × Time

Relative Speed (Same direction) = V₂ − V₁

Conversion: 1 km/h = 5/18 m/s

Calculations:

⇒ Relative Speed = 90 − 80 = 10 km/h

⇒ Relative Speed in m/s = 10 × (5/18) = 25/9 m/s

⇒ Total Distance (L₁ + L₂) = (25/9) × 180

⇒ 230 + L₂ = 25 × 20

⇒ 230 + L₂ = 500

⇒ L₂ = 500 − 230 = 270 m

∴ The correct answer is 270 m.

Additional Information

Relative Speed Concept

When two objects move in the same direction, relative speed is the difference of their speeds (u − v). When they move in opposite directions, it is the sum of their speeds (u + v).

Train Crossing Distance

When a train crosses another train (stationary or moving), the total distance covered is always the sum of the lengths of both trains (L₁ + L₂).

Unit Conversion

To convert km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

Given:

a2 + b2 = 65 and ab = 8

Concept used:

(a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2a

(a - b)2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab

a2 - b2 = (a + b)(a - b)

Calculation:

a2 + b2 + 2ab = 65 + 16

⇒ (a + b)2 = 81

⇒ (a + b) = 9

Again,

a2 + b2 - 2ab = 65 - 16

⇒ (a - b)2 = 49

⇒ (a - b) = 7

Now,

a2 - b2 = 9 × 7

⇒ a2 - b2 = 63

∴ Required answer is 63.  

Additional Information

(1) (a+b)²+(a-b)² = 2(a²+b²)

(2) (a+b)²-(a-b)²  = 4ab

Given:

∠DAP = 27°, ∠APD = 35°

Concept used:

The angle subtended by the diameter at any point on the circumference is equal to 90°

Angles subtended by an arc in the same segment of the circle are equal.

Calculation:

In the given figure

∠DCA = ∠DBA = 90°

In ΔPCA

∠PAC = 180° - 90° - 35°

⇒ ∠PAC = 55°

Now,

∠DAC = 55° - 27°

⇒ ∠DAC = 28°

According to the concept,

∠DAC = ∠DBC = 28

∴ The measure (in degrees) of ∠DBC is 28.

Given:

The first puncture alone would have made the tyre flat in 45 minutes

The second puncture alone would have done it in 90 minutes. 

Concept used:

Total work = Efficiency of an object × time taken by the object

Calculation:

LCM of 45 and 90 = 90 units i.e total work

So, efficiency of 1^st puncture = 90/45 = 2 units/min

efficiency of 2^nd puncture = 90/90 = 1 unit/min

Effective efficiency of both the puncture = 3 units/min

Time taken to flat the tyre by both the puncture = 90/3

⇒ 30 min

∴ It takes 30 (in minutes) for both the punctures together to make the tyre flat.

Calculation:

Let total number of students in the schools be 100

Number of students in school D = 100 × 18%

⇒ 18

Number of girls in school D = 18 × (1/3)

⇒ 6

Number of students in school B = 100 × 15%

⇒ 15

Number of boys in school B = 15 × (3/5)

⇒ 9

Difference = 9 - 6

⇒ 3

Required % = (3/9) × 100

⇒ 33.33% ≈ 33%

∴ Required answer is 33%.

Given:

A person's salary was increased by 50% and subsequently decreased by 50%.

Concept used:

Decrease in salary = Original salary – Final salary

Calculation:

Let the original salary be Rs.100

According to the question,

New salary = 100 + 50% of 100

⇒ Rs.150

Now,

The salary was decreased by 50%.

Final salary = 150 - 50% of 150

⇒ 75

Decrease in salary = 100 – 75 = 25

Required percentage = (25/100) × 100 = 25%

∴ He loses 25%.

Given:

485x3678y is divisible by 72

Concept used:

If the sum of digits of the number is divisible by 9, then the number itself is divisible by 9.

If the last three digits of a number are divisible by 8, then the number is completely divisible by 8.

Calculation:

72 = 8 × 9

So, the number should be divisible by 8 and 9 both

78y should be divisible by 8

Now,

Only possible values of y = 4

Now,

4 + 8 + 5 + x + 3 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 4 = 45 + x is divisible by 9

Smallest possible value of x = 0

Now,

(2y - 3x) = (2 × 4 - 3 × 0)

⇒ 8 - 0

⇒ 8

∴ The value of (2y - 3x) is 8.

Shortcut Trick

Profit ratio is the product of Investment and Time ratios.

Investment ratio (A : B) = 3 : 5

Profit ratio (A : B) = 2 : 5

Ratio of Time = (Profit ÷ Investment) = (2/3) : (5/5) = 2/3 : 1 = 2 : 3.

Given B's time is 12 months (end of the year), so 3 units = 12 months.

Multiplying factor = 4, so A's time = 2 × 4 = 8 months.

∴ The correct answer is 8 months.

Alternate Method

Given: Investment ratio = 3 : 5, Profit ratio = 2 : 5, B's time = 12 months.

Formula: (Investment_A × Time_A) ÷ (Investment_B × Time_B) = Profit_A ÷ Profit_B

⇒ Let A's investment be 3k and B's investment be 5k.

⇒ Let A invested for 't' months. B invested for 12 months.

⇒ Ratio of profits = (3k × t) : (5k × 12)

⇒ (3t) ÷ (60) = 2 ÷ 5

⇒ 15t = 120

⇒ t = 8 months.

∴ The correct answer is 8 months.

Additional Information

Partnership Basics

When more than two people contribute capital for different time periods, the profit is shared in the ratio of the product of their capital and time.

Types of Partners

An Active Partner manages the business and may receive extra commission, while a Sleeping Partner only invests money.

Given:

cosec A = sec B

Concept used:

Calculation:

cosec A = sec B

⇒ cosec A = cosec(90° - B)

⇒ A = (90° - B)

⇒ A + B = 90°

∴ The value of (A + B) is 90°.

Given:

AD bisects angle BAC

Concept used:

Here, in ΔPQR, PL bisects ∠RPQ. According to the Angle Bisector Theorem, ${RL \over LQ} = {PR \over PQ}$

Calculation:

Similarly, AD bisects angle BAC

${BD \over DC} = {AB \over AC}$

According to the concept,

[6/(2x - 3)] = [(x - 2)/x]

⇒ 6x = 2x² - 4x - 3x + 6

⇒ 6x = 2x2 - 7x + 6

⇒ 0 = 2x2 - 7x + 6 - 6x

⇒ 2x2 - 13x + 6 = 0

⇒ 2x2 - 12x - x + 6 = 0

⇒ 2x(x - 6) - 1(x - 6) = 0

⇒ (x - 6)(2x - 1) = 0

So, x = 6, 1/2

For x = 1/2

BD = 1/2 - 2

⇒ - 3/2  As the value of a side cannot be negative

So, x = 6

Now,

BD = 6 - 2

⇒ 4 cm

∴ The length (in cm) of BD is 4 cm.

Calculation:

Total number of youth = 8 + 10

⇒ 18 lakhs

Total number of employed youth = 7 + 7.5

⇒ 14.5

So,

Total number of unemployed youth = 18 - 14.5

⇒ 3.5 lakhs

∴ Required answer is 3.5 lakhs.

Given:

We need to find the sum of numbers in the range of 400 - 500 such that they are divisible by each 6, 12 and 16.

Calculation:

LCM (6, 12, 16) = 48k

The required numbers will be in the form of 48k, where k is a natural number.

For k = 9,

48k = 48 × 9

⇒ 432

For k = 10,

48k = 48 × 10

⇒ 480

Now,

Only 432 and 480 is the number that are between 400 and 500, and also divisible by 6, 12 and 16

Sum = 432 + 480

⇒ 912

∴ The required sum of the numbers is 912.

Shortcut Trick

Since the radius (r) is same (7 cm) for all shapes, we can equate heights.

Volume of Cylinder = Volume of Cone + 2 × Volume of Sphere

πr²H = (1/3)πr²h + 2 × (4/3)πr³ ⇒ H = h/3 + 8r/3

H = 7/3 + (8 × 7)/3 = 63/3 = 21 cm

CSA = 2πrH = 2 × (22/7) × 7 × 21 = 924 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 924 cm².

Alternate Method

Given: Radius of cone, sphere, and cylinder (r) = 7 cm; Height of cone (h) = 7 cm.

Formula Used: Volume of cone = (1/3)πr²h; Volume of sphere = (4/3)πr³; Volume of cylinder = πr²H; Curved Surface Area (CSA) = 2πrH.

⇒ Total Volume of melted items = (1/3) × π × 7² × 7 + 2 × (4/3) × π × 7³

⇒ Total Volume = (1/3)π(7³) + (8/3)π(7³) = (9/3)π(7³) = 3π(7³)

⇒ Volume of Cylinder = π × 7² × H

⇒ 3π × 7³ = π × 7² × H

⇒ H = 3 × 7 = 21 cm

⇒ Curved Surface Area of cylinder = 2 × (22/7) × 7 × 21

⇒ CSA = 44 × 21 = 924 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 924 cm².

Additional Information

Total Surface Area of Cylinder

The total surface area includes the curved part and two circular bases: TSA = 2πr(h + r).

Volume Conservation

When a solid is melted and recast into another shape, its Total Volume remains constant.

Surface Area of Sphere

The surface area of a sphere is given by 4πr², which is four times the area of its great circle.

Given:

∠EPD = 110°

Concept used:

In ΔABC if angle bisector of ∠B and ∠C meet at a point O inside the triangle then

∠BOC = 90° + ∠A/2

Calculation:

In the diagram

DPEC is quadrilateral

Now,

∠C = 360° - (∠P + ∠D + ∠E)

⇒ ∠C = 360° - (110° + 90° + 90°)

⇒ ∠C = 360° - 290°

⇒ ∠C = 70°

According to the concept,

∠AQB = 90° + 70/2

⇒ ∠AQB = 90° + 35°

⇒ ∠AQB = 125°

∴ ∠AQB is 125°.

Given:

The selling price of a mobile phone is Rs. 59,620 and it was sold at 8.4% profit. 

Concept used:

Selling price = Cost price + cost price × profit%

Calculation:

Let the cost price of the mobile phone be Rs. 100x

Now,

100x + 100x × 8.4% = 59620

⇒ 108.4x = 59620

⇒ x = 59620/108.4

⇒ x = 550

So, cost price = 100 × 550

⇒ Rs. 55000

∴ The cost price (in Rs.) of the mobile phone is 55000.

Calculation:

Total number of workers whose daily wages are less than Rs. 450 = 30

Total number of workers whose daily wages are Rs. 650 or more than Rs. 650 = 35

Required ratio = 30 : 35

⇒ 6 : 7

∴ The required answer is 6 : 7.

Given:

x4 - 79x2 + 1 = 0

Concept used:

(x + 1/x)² = x² + 1/x² + 2

Calculation:

x⁴ – 79x² + 1 = 0

Divide by x² we get

x² – 79 + 1/x² = 0

⇒ x² + 1/x² = 79

⇒ x2 + 1/x2 + 2 = 79 + 2

⇒ (x + 1/x)2 = 81

⇒ x + 1/x = 9

Now,

x + x-1 = x + 1/x

So, x + x-1 = 9

∴ Required answer is 9.

Given:

Sum = Rs. 62500

Time = 2 years

Rate = 12%

Concept used:

C.I = P[(1 + R/100)^T - 1]

Here,

P = Sum

T = Time

R = Rate

When interest is being calculated at 8 monthly,

Rate = (R/12) × 8

Time = T × (3/2)

Calculation:

12% interest for 12 months

So, 8% interest for 8 months

Time = 2 × (3/2)

⇒ 3

C.I = 62500[(1 + 8/100)³ - 1]

⇒ C.I = 62500[(27/25)³ - 1]

⇒ C.I = 62500[(19683/15625) - 1]

⇒ C.I = 62500[(19683 - 15625)/15625]

⇒ C.I = 62500[(4058)/15625]

⇒ C.I = 16232

∴ The required interest is Rs.16232.

The correct answer is 'Gaze at something with pleasure'.

Key Points 

• Feast one's eyes on is an idiom that means to look at someone or something with great enjoyment.(किसी को या किसी चीज को बड़े मजे से देखना)
• ​Example - We walked through the valley, feasting our eyes on the beauty all around us.​
• So, gaze at something with pleasure is the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.(किसी चीज को खुशी से देखना दिए गए मुहावरे का सबसे उपयुक्त अर्थ है।)
• Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'Florist'.

Key Points 

• Let us look into the meaning of the words in the options - 
• Hawker - a person who travels about selling goods, typically advertising them by shouting.
• Florist - a person who sells and arranges cut flowers.
• Vendor - a person or company offering something for sale, especially a trader in the street.
• Dealer - a person who buys and sells goods.
• From the above meanings, it is clear that florist is the best word to substitute the given group of words.
• Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'to be'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is an interrogative sentence where a request is being made.
• In the case of interrogative sentences, and with modals (can) we use the verb to be.
• So, the most appropriate option for the given blank is "to be".

Complete sentence - Can you arrange for the consignment to be delivered on Monday?

The correct answer is 'CADB'.

Key Points 

While arranging the parts of the passage, we should find some grammatical or contextual connections between them. Also, the first sentence of a passage is usually independent and introduces a topic. The second one provides more information about it. 

• Sentence C is the independent sentence and talks about an incident where a plane had to crash land.
• So, sentence C is the first sentence after rearrangement and mentions that the crash happened as the landing gear had gotten stuck.
• Sentence A describes how the mechanics tried to correct the fault. So, the sentence "A" comes in the second position. Hence, A follows C.
• Sentence D which talks about the mechanics' reaction to learning what caused the mechanical failure should come after sentence A, to maintain continuity on the topic.
• Sentence B is the concluding statement of the passage as it provides further information regarding the mechanical failure.

Thus, the correct order after rearrangement is option 3 i.e. CADB.

*So, the correct paragraph is : *(C) A huge plane was forced to crash land when its landing gear got stuck. (A) Expert mechanics labored over the plane for three hours. (D) They were amazed when they discovered what had caused the mechanical failure. (B) A small nut had fallen into a channel which prevented the gear from moving.

The correct answer is 'on the promotion'.

Key Points

• The erroneous part of the given sentence is on the promotion.
• There is an error in a preposition in this part.
• The preposition "on" usually points to something specific, like a location.
• Thus, on cannot be used in context of the given sentence.
• This makes option 4 the correct answer.
• The correct preposition to use here is about which usually means the subject of something, or something less specific.

Correct sentence - Vivek should be excited / about the promotion / he’s got.

The correct answer is 'He asked me if I owned that beautiful car.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is an interrogative sentence.
• While changing the narration of an interrogative sentence, we need to follow these steps
• If there is a yes-no question in the direct speech, we make the following changes-
• the reported speech will start with whether/if
• The reporting verb said is changed into asked or enquired.
• The second person 'you' will be changed into 'I'.
• The tense of the given sentence is present tense (own) which changes to past tense (owned).
• Eventually, we will get the final sentence- He asked me if I owned that beautiful car.

The correct answer is 'Very little satisfaction'.

Key Points 

• Cold comfort is an idiom that means poor or inadequate consolation.
• ​Example - Another drop in the inflation rate was cold comfort for the 2.74 million jobless.
• So, very little satisfaction is the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.
• Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'The old ladies are being looked after with great affection.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is in active voice. As per the question we have to change it into passive voice.
• The structure of the given sentence is as follows:
• Subject + to be (is) + present participle + Object (Active voice)
• Subject (objective case) + to be (is) + being + past participle + by Object (subjective case) (Passive voice)
• Example: 
• My boss is giving many assignments. (Active voice)
• Many assignments are being given by my boss. (Passive voice)
• The subject of the given sentence is ‘she’.
• The object of the given subject is ‘the old ladies’.
• The subject will be put in place of the object and the object will be put in place of the subject.
• In passive voice we may omit the agent because we don't know who they are, or it's implied or unimportant, or we'd rather not say. So, we do not include she in the passive voice.
• is looking will be changed to are being looked.
• Correct sentence - The old ladies are being looked after with great affection.

The correct answer is: Option 2) Crude i.e. Crude.

Key Points

• The word "refined" means having or showing well-bred feeling, taste, manners, etc.; elegant. (सुसंस्कृत या परिष्कृत)
• Example: He has very refined tastes in music and art.
• "Crude" refers to something that is in a natural or raw state; not yet processed or refined; lacking in sophistication or good manners. (अशिष्ट या अपरिष्कृत)
• Example: His jokes were quite crude and not appropriate for formal settings.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Crude.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Miserly (कंजूस): Reluctant to spend money or use resources.
• Example: Despite his wealth, he lived a miserly life.
• Precise (सटीक): Marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.
• Example: The instructions need to be more precise.
• Genteel (सभ्य): Polite, refined, or respectable, often in an affected or ostentatious way.
• Example: She maintained a genteel demeanor, even in difficult situations.

The erroneous spelling is 'Altarnate'.

Key Points

• The erroneous spelling is -Altarnate.
• The correct spelling for the word is alternate which means occur in turn repeatedly.
• The meaning of the other options are as follows - 
• alphabet - a set of letters or symbols in a fixed order
• allotted - give or apportion (something) to someone.
• allergic - caused by or relating to an allergy.

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'by far the brightest'.

Key Points

• The underlined part of the sentence has an error in adjective.
• Instead of the normal adjective bright we need to use the superlative adjective brightest as the subject (you) is being compared to a group of objects (class).
• Hence, the correct improvement of the underlined part is by far the brightest.
• So, option 4 is the correct answer.