RRB NTPC CBT-I Official Paper (Held On: 5 Feb 2021 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

GIVEN:

18 - [6 - {4 - (8 - (6 + 3))}]

FORMULA USED:

BODMAS

CALCULATION:

Here, we have 18 - [6 - {4 - (8 - (6 + 3))}]

⇒ 18 - [6 - {4 - (8 - 9)}]

⇒ 18 - [6 - {4  + 1}]

⇒ 18 - [6 - 5] 

⇒ 18 - 1 = 17.

Hence, the required value is 17.

The correct answer is Porbandar.

Key Points

• INS Sardar Patel is a Forward Operating Base (FOB) of the Indian Navy in Porbandar, Gujarat.
• It is the Headquarters of the Naval Officer-in-Charge (Gujarat, Diu & Daman).
• It provides logistic support to the Indian Navy units deployed in the Northern Arabian Sea.
• It is the second naval base in Gujarat after INS Dwarka, which is near Okha.
• The name Sardar Patel has been chosen to signify the role of India’s Iron Man Vallabhai Patel.

Additional Information

• The base was commissioned on 9 May 2015 by Anandiben Patel, the Chief Minister of Gujarat.
• Cmde BR Prakash, VSM who is the Naval Officer-in-Charge is the first Commanding Officer of INS Sardar Patel.
• The commissioning ceremony was attended by
• Admiral RK Dhowan, Chief of the Naval Staff, Vice Admiral SPS Cheema
• Flag Officer Commanding–in–Chief, Western Naval Command, senior naval officers.
• The commissioning of INS Sardar Patel at Porbandar enables the Navy to augment its infrastructure.
• It will improve coordination and synergy with other maritime agencies.

The correct answer is CSIR.

Key Points

• CSIR is the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Chemical Laboratory in Pune.
• The researchers at CSIR have developed an artificial leaf.
• The leaf absorbs sunlight to generate hydrogen fuel from water.
• It is an advance that may provide clean energy for powering eco-friendly cars in the future.
• The device consists of semiconductors stacked in a manner to simulate the natural leaf system.
• When visible light strikes the semiconductors, electrons move in one direction, producing electric current.
• The current almost instantaneously splits water into hydrogen.
• Researchers believe is one of the cleanest forms of fuel as its main by-product is water.

Additional Information

• The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research was established by the Government of India in September 1942.
• It is an autonomous body that has emerged as the largest research and development organization in India.
• It runs 38 laboratories, 39 outreach centers, 3 Innovation Centres and 5 units throughout the nation.
• It has a collective staff of over 14,000, including a total of 4,600 scientists and 8,000 technical and support personnel.
• It is mainly funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology.
• It operates as an autonomous body through the Societies Registration Act, 1860.

GIVEN:

a(b cos C – c cos B)

FORMULA USED:

Cos C = $( a^2 + b^2 - c^2) \over 2ab$ 

Cos B = $(a^2 + c^2 - b^2) \over 2ac$ 

CALCULATION:

Here, we have a $\triangle$ ABC 

 Now, a( b Cos C -  c Cos B ) 

⇒ a b Cos C -  a c Cos B 

⇒ a b × $( a^2 + b^2 - c^2)\over 2 a b$ - a c× $( a^2 + c^2 - b^2) \over 2 ac$  

⇒ $( a^2 + b^2 - c^2)\over 2$ -  $( a^2 + c^2 - b^2) \over 2$  

⇒ $( a^2 - a^2 + b^2 + b^2 -c^2 - c^2)\over 2$ = 2  × $( b^2 - c^2 )\over 2$ = $b^2 - c^2$ 

Hence, the required value is $b^2 - c^2$ .

The correct answer is Swajaldhara Yojana.

Key Points

• Swajaldhara Yojana
• ​"Swajaldhara" project aims to achieve self-sufficiency in drinking water in rural India.
• This is in line with decentralization of planning and management as enshrined in the 73^rd Constitutional Amendment.
• Shri Kumar hoped that work can be started in villages from 25^th December 2002.
• All the proposals, which are received before 15^th December was finalized by the Ministry.
• Government invested more than Rs.38,000 crore at constant prices.
• It is much more than Rs.100,000 crore at the current price for creating drinking water sources and systems in rural India.

Additional Information

• Antyodaya Anna Yojana
• Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) is a public distribution system scheme that was implemented in India in 2000.
• The main purpose of the system is to provide food security to the people and to end hunger in India.
• It covers the poorest of the poor in our country.
• It was implemented first in the Rajasthan State.
• Annapurna Yojana
• ​Annapurna scheme is being implemented in this state from 1^st April 2001.
• This is a 100% centrally sponsored scheme.
• Under this scheme 10 Kg of food grains per month are provided free of cost to people 65 years and above age.
• The eligibility of this scheme is that the person should not be in receipt of a pension.
• Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana
• ​On September 25, 2001, the Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana was established.
• Its goal was of providing productive employment to the destitute people of rural India.
• The Panchayati Raj institutions (PRIs) were in charge of implementing the initiative.

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• Mudumalai National Park
• Mudumalai National Park is a national park in the Nilgiri Mountains in Tamil Nadu.
• It covers 321 km2 at an elevation range of 850–1,250 m in the Nilgiri District.
• It shares boundaries with the states of Karnataka and Kerala.
• The national park has been part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve since 1986.
• It was declared a tiger reserve together with a buffer zone of 367.59 km2 in 2007.
• It receives an annual rainfall of about 1,420 mm.
• It is drained by the Moyar River and several tributaries, which harbor 38 fish species.

Additional Information

• The word Mudumalai is a Tamil word with 'mudhukadu' meaning ancient forest.
• The word 'malai' means hill or mountain.
• The name 'Mudumalai forest' was already in use when the British Government rented the forest in 1857 for logging purposes.
• In 2010, the National Tiger Conservation Authority approved the release of funds to Mudumalai Tiger Reserve in the frame of Project Tiger.
• In 2020, Project Tiger has been extended until 2021 with funding of ₹ 114.1 million borne.
• Mudumalai National Park harbors tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests.
• The floral diversity comprises 498 plant species including 154 tree, 77 shrub, 214 herb and 53 vine species.

Given: Scientists, Researchers, Professors

As we can say that, some professors may be scientists or researchers. Also, some scientists may be researchers or professors.

Thus, we get the Venn diagram as:

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is The Port Laws Amendment Act,1997.

Key Points

• The Port Laws Amendment Act,1997
• ​The Major Ports Trust Act, 1963, was amended by the Port Laws (Amendment) Act, 1997.
• It was to constitute the TAMP.
• Minor ports are outside the ambit of TAMP.
• Once the major ports are converted from trusts into corporate entities, they go out of the ambit of the Major Port Trusts Act, 1963.

Additional Information

• The Forest (Conservation) Act,1980
• The Forest (Conservation) Act of 1980 is an act by the Parliament of India.
• It ensures the conservation of forests and its resources.
• It came into force on October 25, 1980.
• The Water (Cess) Act,1977
• ​The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act was enacted in 1977.
• It was to provide for the levy and collection of a cess on water consumed by persons.
• The Public Liability Insurance Act,1991
• ​The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991, was enacted after the Bhopal gas tragedy.
• It says that the owner of a company compensates victims of accidents, irrespective of neglect.

The correct answer is Nitrous Oxide.

Key Points

• Nitrous Oxide is also called laughing gas or happy gas due to its intoxicating effects when inhaled.
• It was initially discovered around 1772 by the English scientist and Clergyman Joseph Priestley.
• It is a colorless, non-flammable gas.
• This gas is used in medical and dental procedures as a sedative.
• It helps to relieve anxiety before the procedure and allows the patient to relax.
• Nitrous oxide is routinely used alongside other anesthetic agents in operating rooms everywhere.
• It’s also used as a mild sedative and analgesic during childbirth, for emergency medical care and for dental procedures.

Additional Information

• Nitrous oxide is a depressant, so it slows your body down.
• Once it kicks in, you may feel happy, giggly, light-headed, mild-euphoria, relaxed.
• Nitrous oxide gets the name “laughing gas” because of these effects.
• Some people may also experience mild hallucinations while under the use of laughing gas.
• Physically, you might feel like your arms and legs are heavy.
• You may also experience a tingling sensation in your limbs.

The correct answer is Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee.

Key Points

• Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee
• ​Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee also known as TimBL.
• He is an English computer scientist best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web.
• He is a Professorial Fellow of Computer Science at the University of Oxford.
• He is a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
• Berners-Lee is the director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
• He co-founded the World Wide Web Foundation.
• He is considered as the father of the world wide web.

Additional Information

• Robert Cailliau
• ​Robert Cailliau is a Belgian informatics engineer, computer scientist and author.
• He proposed the first hypertext system for CERN in 1987.
• He collaborated with Tim Berners-Lee on the World Wide Web.
• He designed the historical logo of the WWW.
• Pei-Yuan Wei
• ​Pei-Yuan Wei is a Taiwanese-American businessman.
• He created ViolaWWW, the first popular graphical web browser.
• Wei was a founding employee of Global Network Navigator.
• James H. Clark
• ​James Henry Clark is an American entrepreneur and computer scientist.
• He founded several notable Silicon Valley technology companies, including Silicon Graphics, Netscape, myCFO, and Healtheon.
• His research work in computer graphics led to the development of systems for the fast rendering of three-dimensional computer images.

The correct answer is Alum.

Key Points

• Alum, also known as aluminium sulfate.
• It is added to water in order to destabilize the mud particles suspended in it.
• This process is known as coagulation.
• Alum helps in purifying water by aluminium which coagulates the mud particles.
• It has a high charge on the aluminium ion (Al+3).
• It helps the small particles of suspended solids to group together until they are of such size that they sink and can be removed.

Additional Information

• Alum is a type of compound that is very useful in daily life that you find in the grocery store for pickling and in baking powder.
• It is also used in leather tanning, as an ingredient in aftershave and as a treatment for fire-proof textiles.
• The alum used for purifying water is known as potash alum.
• Its chemical formula is KAl(SO4)2.
• It is a combination of double sulphate of potash and aluminium.

GIVEN:

A tank can be filled by 5 pipes in 80 minutes

CALCULATION:

Here, a tank can be filled by 5 pipes = 80 minutes

A tank can be filled by 8 pipes = 80 × 5 / 8  = 50 minutes

Hence, it will take 50 minutes to fill the tank.

The correct answer is Multi-lateral trade.

Key Points

• The World Trade Organization (WTO) was established on January 1, 1995.
• It is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations.
• The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business.
• It is an international organization whose primary purpose is to open trade for the benefit of all.
• It promotes multi-lateral trade.
• The WTO has 151 members and 31 observer governments.

Additional Information

• The WTO is based on agreements signed by a majority of the world’s trading nations.
• Its main function is to help producers of goods and services, as well as exporters and importers, protect and manage their businesses.
• As of 2021, the WTO has 164 member countries.
• Liberia and Afghanistan are the most recent members, having joined in July 2016, and 25 “observer” countries and governments.
• The World Trade Organization (WTO) oversees global trade rules among nations and mediates disputes.
• It has lowered trade barriers and increased trade among member countries.
• It also has also maintained trade barriers when it makes sense to do so in the global context.
• It attempts to mediate between nations in order to benefit the global economy.

Given:

A. Disease B. Treatment C. Infection D. Recovery E. Diagnosis

Explanation:

It is true that, Infection occurs first and then we go to the doctor and seeing that he/she tells us which Disease we have got through that infection. After that, doctor Diagnosis the disease and according Treatment is given to attain Recovery finally.

Thus, the correct sequence is C→A→E→B→D .

Hence, the correct answer is 'option 3'.

The correct answer is provides for an electedPresident.

Key Points

• The reason for the Constitution of India to be republican is that it provides for an electedPresident
• A democratic polity can be classified into two categories i.e. monarchy and republic.
• In a monarchy, the head of the state (usually king or queen) enjoys a hereditary position, eg. Britain.
• In a republic the head of the state is always elected directly or indirectly for a fixed period, eg, USA.
• Therefore, the term ‘republic’ in our Preamble indicates that India has an elected head called the president.

Additional Information

• The Constitution of India is the supreme law of India.
• The constitution declares India a sovereign, socialist, secular and democratic republic.
• It assures its citizens' justice, equality, and liberty, and endeavors to promote fraternity
• The document lays down the framework that demarcates the fundamental political code, structure, procedures and powers.
• It is the longest written national constitution in the world

GIVEN:

A's salary = 20% less than B's salary 

CALCULATION:

Let us assume B's salary is 100

Now, According to the given Question,

A's salary = 20% less than B's salary

Now, A's salary = 100 - 100 × 20/100 = ( 100 - 20) = 80 

As, B's salary is 20 more than A's salary

Percentage = ( 20/80 ) × 100 = 25%

Hence, B's salary is 25% more than A's salary.

Shortcut TrickFORMULA USED:

If A is x% less than B, then B is ($\frac{x}{100 - x}$ × 100)% more than A.

CALCULATION:

Here, x = 20%

∴ B is more than A = ($\frac{20}{100 - 20}$ × 100)%

= (20 × 100)/80

= 25%

Hence, B's salary is 25% more than A's salary.

Explanation :

According to the information given, we have:

1) A should be organized on Saturday.

2) D should be organised before Friday. C should be organised immediately before D.

3) E should be before D and there should be gap of two days between E and D.

So, only case 1 is left

4) No lecture should be organised immediately after E.  

5) F should not be organised on last day.

6) One day there will be no lecture. Thus, the final arrangement of lectures will be:

Hence, only 'Two' lectures are organised between F and E.

GIVEN:

Numbers are 4, 9,12

FORMULA USED:

if four numbers a, b, c, and d  are in proportion 

⇒ a/b × c/d

CALCULATION:

Here, the numbers are 4, 9,12 

Let the fourth number be x 

⇒ 4/9 = 12/x

⇒ 4x = 9 × 12 

⇒ 4x = 108 

⇒ x = 27.

Hence, the fourth proportional is 27.

Given: Length : Meter :: Mass : ?

Explanation:

Logic: Measurements : Units

Here, Length is measured in meter(m).

Similarly, Mass is measured using units called kilogram(kg).

Hence, the correct answer is 'Kilogram'.

GIVEN:

Numbers are 12, 15 and 21

CONCEPT USED:

Least Common Multiple (L.C.M) = Smallest positive integer that is divisible by both a and b 

Highest Common Factor (H.C.F) = largest positive integer that divides each of the integers.

CALCULATION:

L.C.M of 12, 15 and 21 

Prime factorization

⇒ 12 = $2^2$ × 3 

⇒ 15 = 3 × 5 

⇒ 21 = 3 × 7 

L.C.M = Product of greatest power of each prime factor  = $2^2$ ×$3^1$ × $5^1$ ×$7^1$= 420.

H.C.F  = Product of smallest power of each common prime factor = $3^1$  = 3.

Hence, L.C.M and H.C.F are 420 and 3 respectively.

Given:

A do a work = 20 days

B do a work = 30 days

C do a work = 60 days

A works everyday

B assists A on all odd-numbered 

C assists A on all even-numbered 

Concept used:

Efficiency = Total work done/ No. of days

Calculation:

As A works 20 days , B works 30 days and C works 60 days 

Let the total work unit be L.C.M(20,30,60) is 60 unit 

Efficiency of A = 60/20 = 3 unit/day

Efficiency of B = 60/30 = 2 unit/day

Efficiency of C = 60/60 = 1 unit/day 

As, A works everyday , B assists A on all odd- day , C assists A on all even day

Work done by  A and B on 1^st day = 3 + 2 = 5 unit  ( odd day)

Work done by C  and A on 2^nd day = 3 + 1 = 4 unit  (even day)

Now, 9 unit work is done  in 2 days

⇒ 54 unit work is done = 2 × 6 = 12 days 

Remaining work = 60 - 54 = 6 unit 

On 13^th day , which is odd day 5 unit work will be  done

Now, remaining work = 6- 5 = 1 unit 

So, on 14^th day, which is even day remaining 1 unit will be done out of its 4 unit capacity i.e. 1/4 days 

Total work is done  13 + 1/4 = 13 1/4 days.

Hence, work will be completed in 13 1/4 days.

The correct answer is communication.

Key Points

• GSAT-12
• ​GSAT-12 is a communication satellite designed and developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation.
• It is the second satellite to be launched and placed on a GTO using PSLV.
• It was launched onboard PSLV-XL C-17 from the second launch pad of Satish Dhawan Space Centre on July 15, 2011.
• It is considered to be a replacement of the aged satellite INSAT-3B.
• It will provide services like tele-education, telemedicine, disaster management support and satellite internet access.
• The tentative life of a satellite is 8 years.

Additional Information

• PSLV
• ​The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is an expendable medium-lift launch vehicle designed.
• It is operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
• It was developed to allow India to launch its Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites into sun-synchronous orbits.
• PSLV can also launch small-size satellites into Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO).

GIVEN:

4/5 + (-3/10) = x + $1\frac{1}{2}$ 

CALCULATION:

Here, we have 4/5 + (-3/10) = x + $1\frac{1}{2}$

⇒ 5/10 = x + 3/2 

⇒ 1/2 = x + 3/2 

⇒ x = (1/2 - 3/2) = -2/2 = -1.

Hence, the required value is -1.

GIVEN:

tanA\(1+ sec A) + (1 + sec A)/tanA 

FORMULA USED:

tanA = sinA /CosA 

sec A = 1/Cos A 

$sin^2 A + Cos^2 A = 1$

1/sinA = cosecA 

$( a + b) ^2 = a^2 +b^2 + 2ab$

Where a = 1^st term ,  b = 2^nd term 

CALCULATION:

Here, we have tanA/(1+ secA) + (1 + secA)/tanA 

⇒  $\frac{sinA}{Cos A} \over ( 1 + 1/Cos A)$  + $( 1 + 1/Cos A)\over \frac{sinA}{Cos A}$   

⇒ $sin A\over Cos A$ × $cos A\over ( 1+ cos A)$  + $( Cos A + 1) \over Cos A$ × $Cos A \over sin A$  

⇒ sinA/(1 + CosA) + (CosA + 1)/sinA 

⇒ $sin^2 A + ( 1 + CosA) ^2\over sin A (1 +Cos A)$   = $sin^2 A + 1 + Cos^2 A + 2 Cos A \over sinA ( 1 + Cos A)$                                     .( As, $( a+ b) ^2 = a^2 +b^2 + 2ab$ and here a = 1 and b = Cos A  )

⇒ 2 + 2 CosA/ sinA (1 + CosA) .                                                 ( $sin ^2 A + Cos^2 A = 1$ )

⇒ 2(1 + CosA)/sinA(1+ CosA) = 2/sinA = 2cosecA .

Hence, the required value is 2cosecA.

The correct answer is Stereoscope.

Key Points

• Stereoscope
• A stereoscope is a device by which two different photographs of the same object can be viewed together.
• It is a device for viewing left-eye and right-eye views of the same scene, as a single three-dimensional image.
• The main advantage of stereoscopic vision is that it provides a three-dimensional image of the world.
• Each eye sees a slightly different image, and the brain combines these two images to create a three-dimensional image.
• There are different types of stereoscopes:
• Wheatstone stereoscope
• Brewster stereoscope
• Holmes stereoscope
• Multiple view stereoscope

Additional Information

• Stroboscope
• The stroboscope is used for visual analysis of objects in periodic motion and for high-speed photography.
• ​The principle is used for the study of rotating, reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating objects.
• Machine parts and vibrating strings are common examples.
• Using stroboscope speeds can be measured for objects that are visible but not easily accessible.
• Stethoscope
• Stethoscope is a medical instrument used in listening to sounds produced in the heart or lungs.
• The word stethoscope comes from the Greek words stethos, meaning chest, and skopein, meaning to explore.
• There are three general types of stethoscopes available to consumers:
• traditional acoustic
• amplifying
• digitizing
• Spectroscope
• A spectroscope is defined as an instrument that measures the chemical make-up or spectrum of light of an object.
• Spectroscopes also work to help scientists determine the chemical composition of atoms.
• Early astronomers used spectroscopes to study the composition of planets and stars.

The correct answer is Central Armed Police Forces.

Key Points

• The vice chiefs of the armed forces have been granted additional powers.
• It is to carry out specific procurements to ensure operational preparedness.
• Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman has approved the enhancement of powers to the vice chiefs of the three services.
• It is to make certain categories of procurement.
• This delegation will greatly enhance the ability of the armed forces to keep a high degree of serviceability of the in-service equipment.

Additional Information

• The Ministry of Home Affairs has enhanced the financial powers of the Chiefs of central armed police forces like CRPF and BSF.
• It empowers them to spend up to Rs 15 Cr for executing major projects and Rs 1 Cr for minor works including repairing of residential buildings.
• The director generals of CISF, ITBP, SSB, NSG, Assam Rifles, the National Investigation Agency will be able to exercise the financial powers.
• The amount sanctioned for major projects has gone up to Rs 15 Cr from Rs 10 Cr previously.
• The fund for minor projects has also been increased to Rs 1 Cr from Rs 50 lakh previously.

The correct answer is 8611.

Key Points

• Mt Godwin Austin (K-2)
• Mt Godwin Austin is located at 8,611 meters above sea level.
• It is the second-highest mountain on Earth, after Mount Everest.
• It lies in the Karakoram range.
• It is partially in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan-administered Kashmir and partially in a China-administered territory of the Kashmir region.
• The other nicknames are K2, the King of Mountains, the Mountaineers' Mountain and the Mountain of Mountains.

Additional InformationList of 10 highest mountain peaks in India

Given: Pupil, Cochlea, Cornea, Iris

Explanation:

All are the parts of the eyes except the word Cochlea.

The cochlea is a twisted tube inside the inner ear, the main organ to hear.

Hence, the odd one is 'option 2'.

The correct answer is Satyendra Prasanna Sinha.

Key Points

• Satyendra Prasad Sinha ​
• Satyendra Prasad Sinha became the first Indian to join the Viceroy’s executive council.
• He was appointed as a law member.
• Satyendra Prasanna Sinha was a prominent lawyer and statesman in British India.
• He was the first Governor of Bihar and Orissa, the first Indian Advocate-General of Bengal.
• He was the first Indian to join the Executive Council of the Viceroy and the first Indian to join the British Ministry.
• He was the first Indian to be appointed in 1905 as Bengal's Advocate-General, a post confirmed in 1908.
• He was knighted on 1 January 1915 in the New Year Honours.

Additional Information

• Indians in the Council 
• Satyendra Prasanna Sinha (1909–1914)
• C. Sankaran Nair (1915–1919): Education
• B. N. Sarma (1920–1925): Revenue and Agriculture
• Muhammad Habibullah (1925–1930): Education, Health and Lands
• C. P. Ramaswami Iyer: Law (1931–1932), Commerce (1932), Information (1942)
• Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu (1934–1937)
• Kunwar Sir Jagdish Prasad: Health, Education and Lands
• Girija Shankar Bajpai (1940): Health, Education

Given: A child should be put in school at the age of 5 years or so.

Explanation:

As per the statement, it only tells us that the child can go to school at the age of 5. It means that the child is mentally prepared at this age only and not before that. So, II is implicit.

Since nothing is mentioned about the admission or school policy after 6 years in the given statement. So, I is not implicit.

Thus, only assumption II is implicit.

Hence, 'option 4' is correct.

GIVEN:

Base of a triangle = 6 cm

Height of a triangle = 8 cm 

FORMULA USED:

Area of a triangle = 1/2 × b × h 

Where, b = base and h = height respectively

CALCULATION:

Here, we have base = 6 cm and height = 8 cm

Area of a triangle = 1/2 × b × h  = 1/2 × 6 × 8 = 24 $cm^2$ 

Hence, Area of a triangle is 24 $cm^2$ .

The correct answer is Harrod-Domar.

Key Points

• Harrod-Domar
• The Harrod–Domar model is a Keynesian model of economic growth.
• It is used in development economics to explain an economy's growth rate in terms of the level of saving and of capital.
• It suggests that there is no natural reason for an economy to have balanced growth.
• The model was developed independently by Roy F. Harrod in 1939, and Evsey Domar in 1946.
• The Harrod–Domar model was the precursor to the exogenous growth model.
• It was the first five-year plan based on the model.

Additional Information

• Gadgil Yojana
• ​​Gadgil Yojana was implemented for the distribution of plan transfer amongst the states.
• Its aim was the development of agriculture as well as to enhance the production of wheat.
• Gadgil yojana's purpose was to solve the problem of the economic crisis.
• Gadgil's Yojana was India's third five-year plan
• PC Mahalanobis Model
• ​Mahalanobis Plan was India’s second five-year plan.
• It was proposed by Professor Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis.
• This plan gave priority to investment goods, as they were crucial for the further economic growth of India.
• The plan explores the allocation of investment between the different sectors of the economy.

GIVEN:

Principle becomes 8 times of itself in 3 years 

FORMULA USED:

Amount = P × $( 1 + R/100)^t$ 

Amount = C.I. + P 

Where, P = Principal , C.I. = Compound Interest , R = Rate of interest t = time in years

CALCULATION:

Let the principal be P 

Then, according to the given question  in 3 years Amount becomes 8 times 

⇒ Amount = 8P 

⇒ Amount = P × $( 1 +R/100)^t$ 

⇒ 8P = P × $( 1 + R/100) ^3$ 

⇒ 8 = $( 1+ R/100)^3$ 

⇒ $2^3$  = $( 1 + R/100 )^3$ 

⇒ 2 = 1 + R/100 

⇒ 1 = R/100 

⇒ R = 100%

Hence, the rate of interest is 100%.

GIVEN:

x/$\sqrt{128}$ = $\sqrt{162}$ /x 

CALCULATION:

Here, we have $x\over \sqrt {128}$  = $\sqrt{162} \over x$ 

⇒ x² = $\sqrt{128} \times \sqrt{162}$  = $\sqrt{64 \times 2} \times \sqrt{81 \times 2}$  

⇒ x² = 8 × $\sqrt2$ × 9 × $\sqrt2$  = 72 × 2 = 144 

⇒ x = $\sqrt{144}$  = 12.

Hence, the value of x is 12.

The correct answer is Nallamalai.

Key Points

• Nallamalai is not a biosphere reserve.
• It is a hill of Eastern ghats that stretches over Kurnool, Mahabubnagar, Guntur and Kadapa districts of the state of Andhra Pradesh.
• They run in a nearly north-south alignment, parallel to the Coromandel Coast for close to 430 km between the rivers, Krishna and Pennar.
• Its northern boundaries are marked by the flat Palnadu basin while in the south it merges with the Tirupati hills.
• The hills have extensively weathered and eroded over the years.
• The average elevation today is about 520 m which reaches 1100 m at Bhairani Konda and 1048 m at Gundla Brahmeswara

Additional InformationList of Biosphere Reserve in India

​Explanation:

The symbols of the family tree used are:

According to the given information, the family tree formed will be:

Hence, the woman is 'mother' of Rohan.

Given:

2/5 of  girls attending a school function = 3/5 of boys attending a function

Calculation:

Here, we have 

 2/5 of the number of girls attending function = 3/5 of boys attending a function

⇒ 2/5 of Girls = 3/5 of boys 

⇒ Ratio of Girls and Boys attending function = 3:2 

Let the number of girls be 3x and boys be 2x 

Now, the total number of  students attending the function = 5x

⇒ 2/5 of the number of girls attending the function = 2/5 × 3x  = 6x/5 

Required fraction of  2/5 of girl students of total students attending the function = (6x/5)/ 5x = 6x/5 ×1/5x  = 6/25

⇒ Fraction = 6/25.

Hence, the required fraction is 6/25.

GIVEN:

a - b = 5 

a²  + b ^{2 =}  41

FORMULA USED:

( a - b)²  =  a² + b²  - 2ab 

CALCULATION:

Here, we have  ( a - b) = 5 and a² + b² = 41 

Now, on squaring, we get 

⇒ ( a - b)²  =   a²  + b²  - 2ab  

⇒ 5²  =  41 - 2ab 

⇒ 2ab = 41 - 25 = 16

⇒ a b = 8 

Hence, the value of ab is 8.

The correct answer is Stromboli.

Key Points

• Stromboli
• ​Stromboli is an island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the north coast of Sicily.
• It contains Mount Stromboli, one of the three active volcanoes in Italy.
• It is one of the eight Aeolian Islands, a volcanic arc north of Sicily.
• The volcano has erupted many times and is constantly active with minor eruptions.
• It gives rise to the island's nickname "Lighthouse of the Mediterranean".

Additional Information

• Cotopaxi
• ​Cotopaxi is an active stratovolcano in the Andes Mountains.
• It is located in Latacunga city of Cotopaxi Province.
• It is the second highest summit in Ecuador, reaching a height of 5,897 m.
• Cotopaxi is among the highest active volcanoes in the world.
• Its most recent eruption began on 14 August 2015 and ended on 24 January 2016.
• Mt Etna
• ​Mount Etna is one of the world's most active volcanoes.
• Mount Etna has been designated a Decade Volcano by the United Nations.
• In June 2013, it was added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
• It is one of the tallest active volcanoes in Europe.
• Mt Vesuvius
• ​Mount Vesuvius is a somma-stratovolcano.
• It is located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy.
• It is one of several volcanoes which form the Campanian volcanic arc.

Given: Patna, Bengaluru, Itanagar, Chandigarh

Logic: All are the capitals of a single state,

Let's check all the options:

1. Bengaluru: Bengaluru is the capital of Karnataka state.

2. Chandigarh: It is the capital of two states i.e. Haryana and Punjab.

3. Patna: It is the capital of Bihar state.

4. Itanagar: It is the capital of Arunachal Pradesh state.

Thus, all except Chandigarh have one state.

Hence, the odd one out is 'option 2'.

GIVEN:

Polynomial = x2 - x - 20 

CALCULATION:

Here, we have x2 - x - 20 = 0 

⇒ x2 - 5x + 4x - 20 = 0 

⇒ x(x - 5) + 4 (x - 5) = 0 

⇒ (x + 4) (x - 5) = 0 

Hence, the factors are (x + 4) and (x - 5 ) 

Since (x + 4) is not the option. So, (x - 5) is the factor of the polynomial

Hence, a factor of the polynomial x2 - x - 20 is (x - 5).

GIVEN:

A bag contains coins of 1 rupee, 50 paise, and 25 paise in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3

CALCULATION:

Let the number of coins of 1 rupee, 50 paise, and 25 paise be x, 2x and 3x

As the number of 50 paise coins = 80 

⇒ 2x = 80   

⇒ x = 40.

Value of x Rs 1 coins = Rs1 × x = Rs. x  = Rs 40 

Value of 2x 50 paise coins = Rs. 2x × 50/100 = Rs x = Rs 40

Value of 3x 25 paise coins = Rs 3x × 25/100 = Rs 3x/4 = Rs 3 × 40/4 = Rs 30 

Total amount = Rs(40 + 40 + 30) = Rs 110.

Hence, there was Rs 110 in the box.

Shortcut Trick

Total amount in the box = Rs. (40 + 40 + 30) = Rs. 110

Explanation:

From the given statements, we get the Venn diagram as:

Thus, combining all the statements, we get,

Next, we will check the conclusions as:

I. All beautiful white things are dogs: Since some dogs are white and all white are beautiful. So, some beautiful white things are dogs but not all. This is not true.

II. Some dogs are beautiful: Since some dogs are white and all white are beautiful. So, some dogs are beautiful. This is true.

Thus, only conclusion II follows.

Hence, the correct answer is 'option 4'.

The correct answer is UNIDO : Vienna.

Key Points

• UNIDO : Vienna
• The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations.
• It assists countries in economic and industrial development.
• It is headquartered at the UN Office in Vienna, Austria, with a permanent presence in over 60 countries.
• As of April 2019, UNIDO comprises 170 member states.
• They together set the organization's policies, programs, and principles through the biannual General Conference.

Additional Information

• UNESCO
• The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations.
• It is aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.
• It has 193 member states and 12 associate members.
• It is headquartered at the World Heritage Centre in Paris, France.
• ILO
• The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a United Nations agency.
• Its mandate is to advance social and economic justice through setting international labour standards.
• It was founded in October 1919 under the League of Nations.
• It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
• IMF
• The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an agency of the United Nations.
• It consists of 190 countries.
• ​It is headquartered in Washington, DC.

Given: Np4@8cQ9%6TkF3=5g4&RwJX

Explanation:

According to the given information, we need to find numbers that are immediately preceded by a letter and immediately followed by a symbol,

Thus, there are only 4 such numbers.

Hence, the correct answer is 'option 3'.

The correct answer is Dholavira.

Key Points

• Dholavira
• Dholavira is one of the two largest Harappan sites in India discovered in Gujarat.
• It is locally known as Kotada which means large fort.
• The excavation found a decline of the civilization in the 5^th of 7^th stages.
• UNESCO has included Dholavira of Kutch in the list of World Heritage Sites in 2021.
• It is one of the five largest Harappan sites.
• It is also considered as having been the grandest of cities of its time.

Additional Information

• Manda
• Manda is a village and an archaeological site in Jammu in the Indian Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
• It was excavated by the Archaeological Survey of India during 1976-77 by J. P. Joshi.
• The site contains ruins of an ancient Indus Valley civilization.
• It is considered the northmost site of the Indus Valley civilization.
• Balathal
• Balathal is an archaeological site.
• It is located in Vallabhnagar tehsil of Udaipur district of Rajasthan state in western India.
• It is one of the ninety Ahar-Banas culture sites located in the Basins of the Banas river and its tributaries.
• It was excavated from 1994 to 2000.

The correct answer is operating system.

Key Points

• Operating system
• An Operating System (OS) is a n interface between a computer user and computer hardware.
• It is software that performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory management, process management, etc.
• It is software that enables applications to interact with a computer's hardware.
• The software that contains the core components of the operating system is called the kernel.
• Some popular Operating Systems include Linux Operating System, Windows Operating System**, MAC, Ubuntu.**

Additional Information

• Software
• Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks.
• It is the opposite of hardware, which describes the physical aspects of a computer.
• Software is a generic term used to refer to applications, scripts and programs that run on a device.
• It can be thought of as the variable part of a computer, while the hardware is the invariable part.
• Modem
• Modem stands for Modulator and Demodulator.
• It is a device that modulates signals to encode digital information.
• A modem transmits data in bits per second (bps).
• It converts the digital signal to Analog and vice versa to communicate between devices.
• It encodes the signal and decodes at the other end and vice versa between the devices.

GIVEN:

Distance travelled in 9 h = 61 km 

Speed on foot = 4 km/h

Speed on bicycle = 9 km/h

FORMULA USED:

Distance = Speed × Time 

CALCULATION:

Let the distance traveled on foot be x, then

Distance traveled on a bicycle be (61 - x) 

Now, the Total time is taken to cover the whole distance = 9 hours

Distance/ Speed = Time 

⇒ x/4 + (61 - x)/9 = 9

⇒ (9x + 244 - 4x) /36 = 9

⇒  (5x + 244) = 36 × 9 = 324

⇒ 5x = 80

⇒ x = 16 

Hence, the distance traveled on foot is 16 km.

The correct answer is Shaunae Miller-Uibo.

Key Points

• Shaunae Miller-Uibo
• Shaunae Miller-Uibo is a Bahamian track and field sprinter.
• She competes in the 200 and 400 meters.
• She is a two-time Olympic champion after winning the women's 400 meters at the 2016 Rio Olympics and again at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
• She is the 2022 World Champion over 400m having won gold in Eugene.
• She sets a new World 300m record at the 58^th Ostrava Golden Spike.
• She broke the world record finishing with a huge lead in 34.41, erasing the prior mark of 35.30 by Mexico's Ana Guevara in 2003.

Additional Information

• Carl Lewis
• ​Frederick Carlton Lewis is an American former track and field athlete.
• He won nine Olympic gold medals, one Olympic silver medal, and 10 World Championships medals, including eight gold.
• He is one of only six Olympic athletes who won a gold medal in the same individual event in four consecutive Olympic Games.
• Eliud Kipchoge
• ​Eliud Kipchoge is a Kenyan professional long-distance runner.
• He is the 2016 and 2020 Olympic marathon champion.
• He holds the world record in the marathon with a time of 2:01:39 set at the 2018 Berlin Marathon.
• He is widely regarded as the greatest ever marathon runner and one of the greatest sportsmen in history.
• Usain Bolt
• ​Usain St. Leo Bolt is a retired Jamaican sprinter.
• He is widely considered to be the greatest sprinter of all time.
• He is the world record holder in the 100 metres, 200 metres, and 4 × 100 metres relay.

GIVEN:

Straight line : 5x + 7y = 35 

FORMULA USED:

Area of a triangle = 1/2 [ x₁ (y2 - y3) + x₂ ( y₃ - y₁ ) + x₃ ( y₁ - y₂ )] 

Where vertices of a triangle are   ( x_1, y₁ ), ( x₂ , y₂ ) and ( x₃ , y₃ )

CALCULATION:

Here, straight line is 5x + 7y  = 35

Now, a triangle is formed by three vertices 

Now, put x = 0 in the equation of a straight line to get the first vertices

⇒ 5 ( 0) + 7y = 35 

⇒ 7y = 35 

⇒ y = 5 

So, first vertices B(0,5) 

Now, put y = 0 in the straight line equation to get the second vertices

⇒ 5x + 7 (0) = 35 

⇒ 5x = 35 

⇒ x = 7  

So, second vertices A (7,0) 

Also, the third vertices = coordinate axes = C (0,0)

Now, x₁ = 0 , y₁ = 5 , x₂ = 7 , y₂ = 0 , x₃ = 0 , y₃ = 0 

Area of a triangle = 1/2 [ 0 ( 0 -0) + 7 ( 0 - 5 ) + 0 ( 5 - 0) ] = 1/2 [-35] = 35/2 square units.

Hence, the area of a triangle is 35/2 square unit.

GIVEN:

A and B together complete work = 35 days

A alone complete the same work = 60 days

FORMULA USED:

Efficiency = Total work/No. of days

CALCULATION:

Let us assume total work  to be 420 unit 

(you can assume any number but for the sake of calculation, it is advised to take L.C.M of the given numbers. Here L.C.M of 35 and 60 is 420)

The efficiency of A and B together = Total work/ No. of days = 420/35 = 12 unit/day

Now, A takes 60 days

Efficiency of A = 420/60 = 7unit/day

⇒ Efficiency of B = (Efficiency of A and B - Efficiency of A) = ( 12 - 7 ) = 5 unit/day

No. of days taken by B to complete the work = 420/ 5 = 84 days.

Hence, B takes 84 days to complete the work.

The correct answer is The Rowlatt Act.

Key Points

• Jallianwala Bagh tragedy
• ​​The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre is also known as the Massacre of Amritsar.
• It was an incident that took place on April 13, 1919.
• British troops fired on a large crowd of unarmed Indians in an open space called the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, in the Punjab region.
• Several hundred people, including children, died, and hundreds more were wounded.
• It was the direct result of the protest against the Rowlatt Act.

Additional Information

• Rowlatt Act 
• The Rowlatt Act was passed by the British government to increase their grip on power over the common folk.
• This law was passed in March 1919.
• It was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council which gave them the power to arrest any person without any trial.
• To abolish this act, Gandhi and the other leaders called for a Hartal.
• This Hartal was to show Indians’ objection to this rule, called the Rowlatt Satyagraha.
• Major riots started in Punjab after the Rowlatt Act was passed.
• On April 13, 1919, during the festival, a crowd of non-violent protesters gathered.
• General Dyer along with his troops open fired on the unarmed crowd.

GIVEN:

Mean = 4 

Median = 5 

FORMULA USED:

Mode = 3Median - 2Mean

CALCULATION:

Here, we have  mean = 4  and median = 5 

⇒ Mode = 3Median - 2Mean 

⇒ Mode = (3 × 5) - (2 × 4) 

⇒ Mode = (15 - 8) = 7.

Hence, the mode is 7.

The correct answer is Dandin.

Key Points

• Dandin composed 'The Dashakumaracharita' or 'Tales of Ten Princes'.
• The Dasakumaracarita relates the adventures of ten princes in their pursuit of love and royal power.
• It contains stories of common life.
• It reflects a faithful picture of Indian society during the period couched in the colorful style of Sanskrit prose.
• It was written by Dandin, a renowned Sanskrit author of prose romances and expounder on poetics.
• Dandin was a court poet from Vidarbha.

Additional Information

• Bhartrhari
• Bhartṛhari is a Hindu linguistic philosopher.
• Bhartrihari's poetry is aphoristic and comments on the social mores of the time.
• The collected work is known as Śatakatraya "the three śatakas or 'hundreds' ('centuries')".
• Budhasvamin
• Budhasvamin was a Sanskrit poet.
• He is known as the author of the Brhatkathaslokasamgraha.
• His Sanskrit is polished and easy to understand.
• Rahas Bihari Dwivedi
• ​Rahas Bihari Dwivedi is a Sanskrit scholar and poet from Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh.
• He was awarded the President's Ceritificate of Honour for Sanskrit in the year 2012.
• He was the formerly the Head of the Department of Sanskrit at Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur.

The correct answer is 1907.

Key Points

• Surat split
• The Congress split at Surat took place in the year 1907 in the month of December.
• The Surat split was the splitting of the Indian National Congress into two groups:
• the Extremists
• the Moderates
• The Extremists were led by Lokmanya Tilak, Lajpat Rai and Shri Aurobindo.
• The Moderates were led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Pherozeshah Mehta and Surendranath Banerjee.
• The Surat session was presided by Dr. rash Behari Ghosh.
• 1885-1905 was known as the period of Moderates because they dominated the Indian National Congress.

Additional Information

• In 1907 the Surat session was held at the bank of the Tapti river in Surat.
• Dr. Rash Behari Ghosh was elected in the session but extremists had an objection to this election.
• Initially the extremists protested against the election but soon they accepted Dr. Rash Behari Ghosh as the president and offered to cooperate.
• But the session was suspended. Congress got split.
• By the time, the next session of Congress was held in Madras in 1908 under Dr. Rash Behari Ghosh.
• It was the extremist camp that was facing the Lathis and arrest by the British Government who was now in its comfortable position as Congress was divided.

GIVEN:

Sum of two numbers = 27

Difference of their squares = 243

FORMULA USED:

x² - y² = (x + y)(x - y) 

CALCULATION:

Let the two numbers be x and y respectively

Now, their sum = 27 

⇒ x + y = 27.

Also, a difference between their squares = 243

⇒ (x² - y²) = 243 

⇒ (x +y)(x - y) = 243 

⇒ 27(x - y) = 243 

⇒ x - y = 9 .

Hence, the value of x- y is 9.

Given: Flower, Rose, Bee

Explanation:

As, we know that a Rose is a flower. But there is no relation between Bee and the other two (i.e.. Rose and flower).

So, the Venn diagram we get is:

Hence, the correct answer is 'option 1'.

The correct answer is Thermal power.

Key Points

• Thermal power
• A thermal power station is the power station in which heat energy is converted into electric power.
• Thermal power is the largest source of power in India.
• There are different types of thermal power plants based on the fuel.
• They are used to generate steam such as coal, gas, and diesel, natural gas.
• About 71% of electricity consumed in India is generated by thermal power plants.

Additional Information

• Solar power
• Solar power in India is a fast developing industry as part of the renewable energy in India.
• The country's solar installed capacity was 57.705 GW as of 30 June 2022.
• The Indian Government had an initial target of 20 GW capacity for 2022, which was achieved four years ahead of schedule
• Nuclear power
• Nuclear power is the fifth-largest source of electricity in India.
• As of March 2017, India has 22 nuclear reactors in operation at seven sites, having an installed capacity of 6780 MW.
• It produces a total of 30,292.91 GWh of electricity.
• 11 more reactors are under construction to generate an additional 8,100 MW.
• Hydro power
• India is 5^th globally for installed hydroelectric power capacity
• India's hydroelectric power potential is estimated at 148,700 MW at 60% of load factor.
• In the fiscal year 2019–20, the total hydroelectric power generated in India was 156 TWh.

The correct answer is Pt Shiv Kumar Sharma.

Key Points

• Pandit Shivkumar Sharma
• Pandit Shivkumar Sharma was an Indian classical musician and santoor player.
• He is credited with adapting the santoor for Indian classical music.
• He collaborated with Indian flutist Hariprasad Chaurasia under the collaborative name Shiv–Hari.
• He composed music for many Indian films including Faasle (1985), Chandni (1989), and Lamhe (1991).
• He was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1986, the Padma Shri in 1991, and the Padma Bhushan in 2001.

Additional Information

• Ustad Vilayat Khan
• Ustad Vilayat Khan was an Indian classical sitar player.
• He is credited with the creation and development of gayaki ang (an attempt to mimic the sound of the human voice) on the sitar.
• He recorded his first 78-RPM disc at the age of 6, and gave his last concert in 2004 at the age of 75.
• Anoushka Shankar
• ​Anoushka Shankar is a British-Indian-American sitar player.
• She was the youngest and first woman to receive a British House of Commons Shield.
• She has had 7 Grammy Awards nominations and was the first Indian musician to perform live and to serve as a presenter at the ceremony.
• She performs across multiple genres and styles - classical and contemporary, acoustic and electronic.
• Pt Ravi Shankar
• Pt ​Ravi Shankar was an Indian sitarist and composer.
• He became the world's best-known export of North Indian classical music in the second half of the 20^th century.
• He influenced many musicians in India and throughout the world.
• He was awarded India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, in 1999.

The correct answer is Prime Minister's Office.

Key Points

• The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) came into being on August 3, 1954.
• It came under the direct charge of the Prime Minister through a Presidential Order
• The Secretary to the Government of India in the Department of Atomic Energy is ex-officio Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission.
• DAE has been engaged in the development of
• nuclear power technology
• applications of radiation technologies in the fields of agriculture
• medicine
• industry
• Its vision is to empower India through technology, creation of more wealth and providing better quality of life to its citizen.

Additional InformationOrganizations under DAE

• Power Sector
• Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd., Mumbai
• Bharatiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam Ltd., Kalpakkam
• Research and Development Centres
• Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai
• Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam
• Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore
• Industrial Organisations
• Nuclear Fuel Complex, Hyderabad
• Heavy Water Board, Mumbai
• Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology, Mumbai
• Public Sector Units
• Uranium Corporation of India Ltd., Jaduguda
• Electronics Corporation of India Ltd., Hyderabad
• Indian Rare Earths Limited, Mumbai

The correct answer is handicrafts.

Key Points

• Marketing Support and Services Scheme
• Marketing Support and Services Scheme’ (in the Eleventh Plan) supports artisans related to handicrafts.
• This scheme was implemented in the five-year plan.
• Its aim was to provide direct marketing outlets to the craft persons for participation in various marketing events for augmenting their sales.
• This scheme has three broad components:
• Domestic Marketing
• International Marketing
• Publicity

Additional Information

• Five-year plans
• Joseph Stalin was the first person to implement the Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union, in the year 1928.
• India launched a series of Five-Year Plans after independence to build its economy and attain development
• The idea of five-year plans is simple- The Government of India prepares a document with all its income and expenditure for five years.
• There are total 12 five-year plans.
• The budget of the central government and all the state governments is divided into two parts:
• non-plan budget
• plan budget
• The non-plan budget is spent on routine items yearly.
• The planned budget is spent on a five-year basis as per the priorities fixed by the plan.

The correct answer is Sonal Mansingh.

Key Points

• Sonal Mansingh
• ​Sonal Mansingh is an Indian classical dancer and Guru Bharatanatyam and Odissi dancing style
• She has been nominated by the President of India to become a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha.
• She is the youngest recipient of Padma Bhushan in 1992 and Padma Vibhushan in 2003.
• She is the first Indian female Bharatnatyam dancer to be awarded with the Padma Vibhushan.
• In 2018, she was honored with Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship.
• She is also known as Akademi Ratna, for her contribution in the field of performing arts.

Additional Information

• Hema Malini
• ​Hema Malini is an Indian actress, director, producer, and politician.
• She is primarily known for her work in Hindi films.
• She is a trained Bharatanatyam dancer.
• During her career, she received eleven nominations for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress.
• She is among the most successful leading actresses of mainstream Hindi cinema.
• Yamini Krishnamurthy
• ​Mungara Yamini Krishnamurthy is an Indian dancer of Bharatanatyam and Kuchipudi styles of dancing.
• She has the honor of being Asthana Nartaki of the Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam.
• She was also known as "torch bearer" of the Kuchipudi form of dance.
• She imparts dance lessons to younger dancers at her institute, Yamini School of Dance, Hauz Khas, New Delhi.
• Vyjayanthimala Bali
• ​Vyjayanthimala is a former Indian actress, dancer and parliamentarian.
• She is regarded as the "First Female Superstar" of Hindi cinema.
• She is the recipient of several accolades, including two BFJA Awards and five Filmfare Awards.

Given: Writer, Reader, Publisher, Printer

Explanation:

All involved in the preparation of a journal, newspaper, or magazine except Reader.

Hence, the odd one out is 'option 2'.

GIVEN:

Equation of the circle  x² + y² - 3x - 4y + 1 = 0 

CONCEPT USED:

If S(x , y) : x² + y² + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is a circle and 

P(x_{1 ,} y₁) is a point then the position of the point P 

with respect to the circle can be :

P lies on the circle if S ( x₁ , y₁ )  = 0 

P lies inside the circle if S ( x₁ , y₁ ) < 0 

P lies outside the circle if S ( x₁ , y₁) > 0 

CALCULATION:

Here, equation of the circle is S :  x²  + y² - 3x - 4y + 1 = 0 and the point P (3, 4)

Here, x₁ = 3 , y₁ = 4 

First let's find out S (x₁ , y₁ ) 

⇒ S(x₁ , y₁) = x₁² + y₁² - 3x₁ - 4y₁ + 1 = 0

⇒ S(3, 4) = 3² + 4² - 3(3) - 4(4) + 1 = 9 + 16 - 9 - 16 + 1 = 1 > 0

As, we know that if S (x₁ , y₁) >0 for point P (x₁ , y₁) then the point P lies outside the circle S.

Hence, the position of the point is it lies outside the circle with respect to the circle.

GIVEN:

Length of the rectangle = 15 cm 

Area of the rectangle = 150 cm².

FORMULA USED:

Area of rectangle = Length × Breadth

Perimeter of rectangle = 2(length + breadth) 

CALCULATION:

Here, Length = 15 cm and  Area = 150 cm²

⇒ Area = Length × Breadth 

⇒ 150 = 15 × Breadth 

⇒ Breadth = 10 cm 

Now, According to the given question, the Area becomes $1\frac{1}{3}$ times the original area by increasing its length only 

So, breadth = 10 cm

⇒ New area = 4/3 × 150 = 200 cm² and breadth = 10 cm 

⇒ New length = Area/Breadth  =  200/10 = 20 cm .

New Perimeter = 2(Length + Breadth) = 2(20 + 10) = 2 × 30 = 60 cm .

Hence, the new perimeter is 60 cm.

GIVEN:

5/100 + 2/5 - 6/25 

CALCULATION:

Here, we have 5/100 + 2/5 - 6/25 

⇒ 0.05 + 0.4 - 0.24 = 0.21

Hence, the required value is 0.21.

The correct answer is Excise duty on liquor.

Key Points

• Excise duty is a form of indirect tax that is levied by the Central Government of India for the production, sale, or license of certain goods.
• Excise duty charges are also collected by state governments for alcohol and narcotics.
• It has been replaced by the Goods and Services Tax(GST) from 1 July 2017.
• The customer does not pay excise duty directly to the authorities.
• It is added to the cost of the product by the producer or merchant and then passed on to the consumer by way of increased prices.
• The Excise Duty Act, 1944 governs the regulations related to excise duty in India.
• The tax is administered by the Central Board of Excise and Customs.

Additional Information

• Capital gains tax
• Capital gains are the profit you make from selling or trading a "capital asset."
• A capital gains tax is a levy on the profit that an investor makes from the sale of an investment such as stock shares.
• Customs tax
• Customs duty refers to the tax imposed on goods when they are transported across international borders.
• In simple terms, it is the tax that is levied on import and export of goods.
• Corporation tax
• Corporation tax is a direct tax imposed on the net income or profit that enterprises make from their businesses.
• Companies, both public and privately registered in India under the Companies Act 1956, are liable to pay corporation tax.

The correct answer is Sisir Kumar Ghosh.

Key Points

• Sisir Kumar Ghosh
• Sisir Kumar Ghosh was a noted Indian journalist.
• He was the founder of the Amrita Bazar Patrika, a noted Bengali language newspaper in 1868.
• He started the India League in 1875 with the object of stimulating the sense of nationalism amongst the people.
• Indian League was associated with nationalist leaders such as Ananda Mohan Bose, Durgamohan Das, Nabagopal Mitra.
• He published Lord Gauranga or Salvation for All in 1897.
• He was among the first students to pass Calcutta University's first entrance examination in 1857.

Additional Information

• Anand Mohan Bose
• Ananda Mohan Bose was an Indian politician, academician, social reformer, and lawyer during the British Raj.
• He co-founded the Indian National Association, one of the earliest Indian political organizations.
• In 1874, he became the first Indian Wrangler of Cambridge University.
• He was also a prominent religious leader of Brahmoism and with Sivanath Sastri a leading light of Adi Dharm.
• Dwarka Nath Tagore
• ​Dwarkanath Tagore was one of the first Indian industrialists to form an enterprise with British partners.
• He was the son of Ramlochon Tagore, the founder of the Jorasanko branch of the Tagore family.
• He was also the grandfather of Rabindranath Tagore.
• Devendra Nath Tagore
• ​Debendranath Tagore was an Indian Hindu philosopher and religious reformer.
• He joined Brahmo samaj in 1842.
• He was the founder in 1848 of the Brahmo religion.

The correct answer is Humboldt current.

Key Points

• Humboldt current
• ​The Humboldt Current is also called the Peru Current.
• It is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north along the western coast of South America.
• It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator, and extends 500–1,000 km offshore.
• The Humboldt Current is named after the German naturalist Alexander von Humboldt.
• The Humboldt Current is a highly productive ecosystem.

Additional Information

• Kurushio current
• ​The Kuroshio Current is one of the major ocean warm water currents.
• It begins east of the Philippines then flows in a northeastward direction past Taiwan and Japan.
• It forms the western side of the clockwise North Pacific Ocean gyre.
• The surface waters of the Kuroshio Current are warm and salty.
• Alaskan current
• The Alaska Current is a southwestern shallow warm-water current.
• It is alongside the west coast of the North American continent.
• The Alaska Current produces large clockwise eddies at two sites:
• west of the Haida Gwaii
• west of Sitka, Alaska
• Tsushima current
• ​Tsushima current is a warm water current.
• Tsushima Current flows north, mixing with the Kuroshio Current, waters of the East China Sea from coastal China.
• Tsushima current is a surface current with warm, high-salinity, low nutrient water.

The correct answer is Wood Pegion.

Key Points

• Wood Pigeon
• The Wood Pigeon is a large species in the dove and pigeon family.
• It is the official bird of Andaman Nicobar island
• It is native to the western Palearctic.
• It belongs to the genus Columba.
• It has historically been known as the ring dove and is locally known in southeast England as the "culver".

Additional Information

• Sooty Tern
• The Sooty Tern is the state bird of Lakshadweep.
• Locally known as 'Karifettu'.
• These birds are common in Tropical oceans.
• Lakshadweep provides just the ideal condition for the Sooty terns that are very commonly found in the island.
• Great Hornbill
• ​Great Hornbill is the state bird of both Arunachal Pradesh and Kerala.
• It is one of the larger members of the hornbill family.
• It occurs in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.
• It has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 2018.
• Indian Roller
• The Indian roller is the state bird of Odisha, Telangana, and Karnataka.
• It occurs widely from West Asia to the Indian subcontinent.
• It is listed as a species of least concern on the IUCN Red List.

Explanation:

From the given statements, we get the Venn diagram as:

Next, we will check the conclusions as:

I. No kite is a bat: Since no bird is a bat and all kites are birds. So no kite is a bat. This is true.

II. Some kites are bats: Since all kites are birds and so some birds are kites. But no bird is a bat and so no kite is bat. This is not true.

Hence, the correct answer is 'option 1'.

The correct answer is Aveek Sarkar.

Key Points

• Aveek Sarkar
• ​Aveek Sarkar is an Indian newspaper promoter and proprietor.
• He is the present Chairman of Press Trust of India and Vice Chairman and Editor Emeritus of ABP Group.
• Previously he was editor-in-chief of Anandabazar Patrika and The Telegraph.
• He was also the Chief Editor of ABP Group of publications.
• He was ranked as one of the most powerful Indians in 2009 by The Indian Express.
• ​He was elected as the chairperson of the Press Trust of India (PTI) in September 2020.​

Additional Information

• The Press Trust of India Ltd., commonly known as PTI, is the largest news agency in India.
• It is headquartered in New Delhi and is a nonprofit cooperative among more than 500 Indian newspapers.
• It has over 500 full-time employees as of 1 January 2022, including about 400 journalists.
• It also has nearly 400 part-time correspondents in most of the district headquarters of the country.
• PTI also has correspondents in major capitals and important business centres around the world.
• It took over the operations of the Associated Press of India from Reuters in 1948–49.
• It provides news coverage and information of the region in both English and Hindi.

Calculation:

Let the no. of sister = x and no. of brothers = y

According to the question, we have:

1. Boy told - I have sisters twice the number of brothers 

$\Rightarrow$ x = 2 (y - 1)  -------- (i)

2. Sister told -  I have the same number of brothers and sister

$\Rightarrow$ y = (x - 1) ---------------(ii)

Putting the value of y from equation (ii) in (i), we will get,

$\Rightarrow$ x = 2(x - 1 - 1)

$\Rightarrow$ x = 2x - 2 - 2

$\Rightarrow$ x = 2x - 4

Using transpose method, and moving the terms 'x' and '4', we will get,

$\Rightarrow$ 4 = 2x - x