RRB NTPC CBT-I Official Paper (Held On: 4 Feb 2021 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

Shortcut Trick

The ratio of Curved Surface Area (CSA) to Total Surface Area (TSA) for a cylinder is always h : (h + r).

Given h : (h + r) = 5 : 9.

By comparison: h = 5 units and h + r = 9 units.

⇒ r = 9 − 5 = 4 units.

The ratio of height to radius (h : r) is 5 : 4.

∴ The correct answer is 5 : 4.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of Curved Surface Area to Total Surface Area = 5 : 9

Formula Used:

Curved Surface Area (CSA) = 2πrh

Total Surface Area (TSA) = 2πr(h + r)

Calculations:

⇒ CSA / TSA = 5 / 9

⇒ (2πrh) / [2πr(h + r)] = 5 / 9

⇒ h / (h + r) = 5 / 9

⇒ 9 × h = 5 × (h + r)

⇒ 9h = 5h + 5r

⇒ 9h − 5h = 5r

⇒ 4h = 5r

⇒ h / r = 5 / 4

∴ h : r = 5 : 4

∴ The correct answer is 5 : 4.

Additional Information

Volume of Cylinder

The volume (V) represents the space occupied by the cylinder and is calculated as V = πr²h.

Relation between TSA and CSA

Total Surface Area is the sum of the curved area and the area of two circular bases: TSA = CSA + 2πr².

Ratio of Areas to Radius

If the height (h) is equal to the radius (r), the ratio of CSA to TSA is exactly 1 : 2.

The correct answer is low sedimentary coast.

Key Points

• The east coast of India, especially it's south-eastern part (Tamil Nadu coast), appears to be a coast of emergence.
• The eastern coast of India is located along the east coast of India.
• It is washed by the Bay of Bengal and extends from the Ganga delta to Kanyakumari (North to South).
• Its width ranges from 80 to 100 km which makes it more extensive and broad than its western counterpart.
• It is an aggradational plain which means an increase in the land elevation.
• It is characterized by sea beaches, lagoons, and offshore bars.

Additional Information

• The Eastern and Western coasts of India are believed to be originated due to the faulting and subsidence of the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea respectively.
• Although both the coasts extend from North and South and share some features, they are different from each other.
• The western coast of India is located along the west coast of India.
• It is located between Kerala and Gujarat and extends from the Arabian Sea to the Western Ghats.
• Its total length is 1400 km, its width ranges from 10 km to 80 km, and the elevation ranges from 150 m to 300 m above sea level.
• It is characterized by sandy beaches, mud-flats, sand dunes, alluvial tracts, estuaries, lagoons, residual hills, and more. It lacks deltas as the short and swift rivers are not able to make deltas on this coast.

Given:

Difference between the compound interest and the simple interest = Rs. 60

Time period = 2 years

Principal amount = Rs. 24,000

Formula used:

Simple Interest (SI) = $P \times R \times T \over 100$

CI – SI = $\frac{PR^2}{100^2}$

Calculation :

⇒ According to the question,

⇒ CI – SI = Rs. 60

⇒ $\frac{24,000 \times R^2}{100^2} =60$

⇒ $R^2 = \frac{60 \times100^2}{24000}$

⇒ $R^2 = \frac{60 \times 10000}{24000} = 25$

⇒ $R = \sqrt{25} = 5\%$

Therefore, the rate of interest is 5%.

The correct answer is the  Outermost shell of an atom

Key Points

• Valence electrons are the electrons located at the outermost shell of an atom.
• These electrons play a crucial role in chemical reactions and determine how an atom forms bonds with other atoms
• The electrons present in the inner shell are core electrons.
• Valence electrons are all arranged in different orbitals or shells and are mostly negatively charged particles.
• One of the easiest ways to find valence electrons is by checking out the elements’ place in the periodic table.
• The valency of an element is
• Equal to the number of valence electrons
• Equal to the number of electrons required to complete eight electrons in the valence shell.
• Valency of a metal=No. of Valence electrons
• Valency Of a non-metal=8-No. of valence electrons
• For Ex:
• Sodium(Z=11) Electronic Configuration=2,8,1
• Valency=1
• Magnesium(Z=2) Electronic Configuration=2,8,2
• Valency=2
• Chlorine(Z=17) Electronic Configuration=2,8,7
• Valency=8-7=1
• Oxygen=16 Electronic Configuration=2,8,6
• Valency=8-6=2

The correct answer is Ram Vanji Sutar.

Key Points

• The Statue of Unity is the world's tallest statue.
• Its height is 182 meters.
• It is located in the state of Gujarat, India.
• It depicts Indian statesman and independence activist Vallabhbhai Patel.
• He was the first deputy prime minister and home minister of independent India and an adherent of Mahatma Gandhi.
• Ram Vanji Sutar is an Indian sculptor. He designed the Statue of Unity which is the world's tallest statue with a height of 182 metres, exceeding the Spring Temple Buddha by 54 metres.

Additional Information

• Krishna Reddy was an Indian master printmaker, sculptor, and teacher. He was considered a master intaglio printer and known for viscosity printing.
• Ramkinkar Baij was an Indian sculptor and painter, one of the pioneers of modern Indian sculpture and a key figure of Contextual Modernism.

Given:

2, 3, 5, 7, 2, 3, 3, 5, 7 and 9

Concept used:

Median = [(n/2)^th term + [(n/2)+1]^th term]/2, if n is even 

Mode = Highest frequency data value

Calculation :

Median: 

⇒ Arrange the given numbers in ascending order as,

⇒ 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 5, 5, 7, 7, 9

⇒ Total number of values = 10, which is an even number

⇒ Median =  [(10/2)th term + [(10/2)+1]th term]/2,

⇒ Median = (3 + 5)/2 = 4

⇒ Median = 4

Mode:

⇒ Mode = 3 ( Highest frequency data value)

The difference between median and mode = 4 - 3 = 1

∴ The difference between median and mode is 1.

Given,

Statement: On his second visit, the doctor changed the prescription.

Assumption I: The patient did not show improvement with the earlier prescription. → This is implicit.

According to the given statement, we can say that patient did not show improvement with the earlier prescription and medication the doctor suggested that's why the doctor changed the prescription. 

In Assumption II: The patient did not take the earlier prescription seriously. → This is not implicit.

The patient did not take the earlier prescription seriously, could not be the basis for changing the prescription because until the doctor is satisfied with the end result of the prescription suggested he/she will not change the prescription. 

Hence,  with respect to the statement, we can say that only Assumption I is Implicit.

The correct answer is Mulk Raj Anand.

Key Points

• Mulk Raj Anand (1905 – 2004) along with R. K. Narayan (1906 – 2001), Ahmad Ali (1910 -1994), and Raja Rao (1908 – 2006) are considered pioneers of Indo-Anglian fiction.
• He was known for his depiction of the lives of the poorer castes in traditional Indian society and was one of the first India-based writers in English to gain an international readership.
• “Untouchable” was the first novel written by Mulk Raj Anand published in 1935 followed by “Coolie” (1936) and “Two Leaves and a Bud” (1937).
• He was a recipient of the Padma Bhushan.

Additional Information

• Kamala Surayya, popularly known by her one-time pen name Madhavikutty and married name Kamala Das, was an Indian poet in English as well as an author in Malayalam from Kerala, India.
• Rasipuram Krishnaswami Iyer Narayanaswami was an Indian writer known for his work set in the fictional South Indian town of Malgudi. He was a leading author of early Indian literature in English along with Mulk Raj Anand and Raja Rao.
• Anita Desai, born Anita Mazumdar is an Indian novelist and the Emerita John E. Burchard Professor of Humanities at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. As a writer, she has been shortlisted for the Booker Prize three times.

Given:

sec θ  – cosec θ = 0

Concept used:

Cosecθ = Sec(90 - θ)

Sin90° = 1

Cos90° = 0

Calculation:

⇒ According to the question, 

⇒ $secθ - cosecθ =0$

⇒ $secθ = cosecθ$

⇒ $secθ = sec(90-θ)$

⇒ $θ = (90-θ)$

⇒ $2θ = 90$

⇒ So, $2sin2θ - 3 cos 2 θ = 2 sin90 -3 cos90$

⇒ 2 × 1 – 3 × 0 = 2

Therefore, the value of $2sin2θ-3cos2θ$ is 2

Given:

FURNTURE = RUFTINERU

Solution:

In the above, we can see a pattern, that is reverse three alphabets,

So, we can similarly write for FOUNTAINS as FOU NTA INS

Now, reverse them, in their groups of three

FOUNTAINS = FOU NTA INS = UOF ATN SNI = UOFATNSNI

Hence, the FOUNTAINS can be written as UOFATNSNI.

The correct answer is Jalandhar.

Key Points

• A garrison is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it.
• The term now often applies to certain facilities that constitute a military base or fortified military headquarters.
• A garrison is usually in a city, town, fort, castle, ship, or similar site.
• The main function of the garrison towns is to cater to the needs of defence and people employed in defence services of the nation.
• These are specially designed for the purpose of military, navy or airforce activities.

Additional Information

• Two garrison (cantonment) towns of India
• ​Ambala: is also known for its large Indian Army and Indian Air Force presence within its cantonment area which was established in the year 1843
• Jalandhar.

Given :

Two adjacent sides of a square are increased by 35% and 25%

Concept Used:

Area of Square = Side²

Calculation:

⇒ Let the side of square be x.

⇒ Area of Square = x²

⇒ Now, increase in sides of the square result in a rectangle with,

⇒ Length = x + 35% of x

⇒ Length = $x+\frac{35}{100}\times x=\frac{20x+7x}{20}=\frac{27x}{20}$

⇒ Breadth = x + 25% of x

⇒ Breadth = $x+\frac{25}{100}\times x = x+\frac{x}{4}=\frac{5x}{4}$

⇒ Area of Rectangle = $\frac{27x}{20}\times \frac{5x}{4}=\frac{27x^2}{16}$

⇒ Increase in area = $\frac{27x^2}{16}-x^2=\frac{27x^2-16x^2}{16}=\frac{11x^2}{16}$

⇒ Percentage  increase $= \frac{11x^2}{16} \times \frac{1}{x^2}\times100=68.75\%$%.

Therefore the area of the resulting rectangle exceeds the area of the square by 68.75%.

The correct answer is AstroSat.

Key Points

• AstroSat is the first dedicated Indian astronomy mission aimed at studying celestial sources in X-ray, optical and UV spectral bands simultaneously.
• The payloads cover the energy bands of Ultraviolet (Near and Far), and limited optical and X-ray regimes (0.3 keV to 100keV).
• AstroSat can lift off a mass of 1515 kg.
• It was launched on September 28, 2015, into a 650 km orbit inclined at an angle of 6 deg to the equator by PSLV-C30 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota.
• The minimum useful life of the AstroSat mission is expected to be 5 years.

Additional Information

• With the success of this satellite, ISRO has proposed launching AstroSat-2 as a successor for Astrosat.
• After injection into Orbit, the two solar panels of AstroSat were automatically deployed in quick succession.
• The spacecraft control center at Mission Operations Complex (MOX) of ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC), Bengaluru manages the satellite during its entire mission life.

Given:

$11=\frac{11x}{1-x}$

Concept Used:

Basic Calculation

Calculation:

⇒ $11=\frac{11x}{1-x}$

⇒ By the cross multiplication,

⇒ 11 × (1 – x) = 11x

⇒ 11 – 11x = 11x

⇒ 11 = 22x

⇒ x = $\frac{1}{2}$

⇒ $(2x)^2=\left(2\times\frac{1}{2}\right)^2$ = 1

Therefore, the value of (2x)² is 1

The correct answer is 1806.

Key Points

• The origin of the State Bank of India goes back to the first decade of the nineteenth century with the establishment of the Bank of Calcutta in Calcutta on 2 June 1806.
• Three years later the bank received its charter and was re-designed as the Bank of Bengal (2 January 1809).
• State Bank of India was incorporated on 01 July 1955.
• The Government of India nationalized the Imperial Bank of India in the year 1955 with the Reserve Bank of India taking a 60% stake and the name was changed to State Bank of India.
• SBI is the largest state-owned banking and financial services company in India.

Additional Information

• List of  some pre-independent Banks and their starting years:
• The General Bank of India (1786-1791)
• Oudh Commercial Bank (1881-1958)
• Bank of Bengal (1809)
• Bank of Bombay (1840)
• Bank of Madras (1843)
• Allahabad Bank (1865)
• Punjab National Bank (1894)
• Bank of India (1906)
• Central Bank of India (1911)
• Canara Bank (1906)
• Bank of Baroda (1908)

The correct answer is Persia.

Key Points

• In the Western world, Persia was historically thecommon name used for Iran.
• On the Nowruz of 1935, Reza Shah officially asked foreign delegates to use the Persian term Iran.
• The common adjective for citizens of Iran changed from Persian to Iranian.
• In 1959, the government of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Reza Shah's son, announced that both "Persia" and "Iran" can be used interchangeably, in formal correspondence.

Additional Information

• Sri Lanka, formerly known as Ceylon and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, and southeast of the Arabian Sea.
• Mesopotamia is famously referred to as the "Cradle of Civilization" because of the many cultural innovations and inventions that began there.
• Gaul was a region of Western Europe first described by the Romans. It was inhabited by Celtic and Aquitani tribes, encompassing present-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, most of Switzerland, parts of Northern Italy, and Germany west of the Rhine. It covered an area of 494,000 km.

The correct answer is 6 years.

Key Points

• Rajya Sabha is composed of representatives of states and union territories.
• The Rajya Sabha consists of not more than two hundred fifty members.
• Members fall into two categories nominated and elected.
• Nominated members are twelve in number and they are nominated by the president from a person having special knowledge of practical experiments in matters such as literature, science, art, and social service.
• Rajya Sabha is also known as the Upper house or Council of States.
• The tenure of Rajya Sabha is six years where one-third of the total members retire every two years unlike Lok sabha it is a permanent house and not subject to dissolution.
• The current chairman of Rajya Sabha is Jagdeep Dhankha.

Additional Information

• The Lok Sabha, constitutionally the House of the People, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha.
• The total Seats in Lok Sabha is 543.
• The current speaker of Lok Sabha is Oam Birla.

The current answer is Shaukat Ali.

Key Points

• Shaukat Ali was an Indian Muslim member of the Khilafat Movement.
• He was the elder brother of the renowned political leader Mohammad Ali Jouhar.
• He was born on 10 March 1873 and died on 26 November 1938.
• The Khilafat movement (1919-1924) was an agitation by Indian Muslims allied with Indian nationalism in the years following World War I.
• Its purpose was to pressure the British government to preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan as Caliph of Islam following the breakup of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the war.

Additional Information

• Mohammed Ali Jinnah was the founder and first governor-general (1947–48) of Pakistan. He is revered as the father of Pakistan. He also sought the political union of Hindus and Muslims.
• Zakir Husain Khan was an Indian economist and politician who served as the third president of India, from 13 May 1967 until his death on 3 May 1969. He previously served as the governor of Bihar from 1957 to 1962 and as the second vice president of India from 1962 to 1967.
• General Bakht Khan was commander-in-chief of the Indian independent forces in the region of Delhi during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 against the East India Company.

Given:

Shubham has no brother or sister.

The man in the photograph is the husband of Shubham's mother's daughter-in-law.

Concept used:

Explanation:

As Shubham has no brother or sister, He is the only son of his mother.

So, his mother will have only one daughter-in-law.

And, hence, that daughter-in-law's husband will be the son of the mother, that is Shubham.

The man in the photograph is Shubham himself.

The correct answer is Development of primary sector with focus on agriculture.

Key Points

• The First Five Year Plan in India was active between 1951 and 1956.
• The plan was based on the Harrod-Domar model.
• This plan gave priority to the agricultural sector of the country.
• The First Five Year Plan was presented before the parliament by Jawaharlal Nehru.
• Gulzarilal Nanda was the vice-president of the First Five Year Plan.
• Economist K N Raj is known as the architect of this plan.
• It was quasi-successful for the government.
• The target growth rate of the First Five Year Plan was 2.1% annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth.

Additional Information

• The second Five Year Plan gave priority to the Industrial development of the country.
• The fifth Five Year Plan gave priority to agriculture, industry, and mines.
• The eighth Five Year Plan gave priority to the development of human resources(Human Model).

Given:

sin θ  – cosec θ = $\sqrt 2$

Concept used:

(a³ – b³) = (a – b)³ + 3ab(a – b)

cosec θ  = $\frac{1}{sin θ}$ 

Calculation:

⇒ (sin3 θ  – cosec3 θ ) = (sin θ – cosec θ)³ + 3 × ( sin θ × cosec θ) × (sin θ – cosec θ)

⇒ Putting the values, we get

⇒ (sin3 θ  – cosec3 θ ) = ($\sqrt 2$)³ + 3($\frac{sin θ}{sin θ}$)($\sqrt 2$) 

⇒ (sin3 θ  – cosec3 θ ) = $2\sqrt2+3\sqrt2=5\sqrt2$

Therefore, the value of sin3 θ  – cosec3 θ is 5$\sqrt 2$.

Given :

One angle of a parallelogram is 28° less than thrice the smallest angle.

Concept Used:

Sum of any two adjacent angles of a parallelogram = 180º

Calculation:

⇒ Let the smallest angle is x.

⇒ Other angle = 3x – 28

⇒ x + 3x – 28 = 180

⇒ 4x = 180 + 28 = 208

⇒ x = $\frac{208}{4}$ = 52

⇒ So, the smallest angle is 52º, then

⇒ Largest angle = 3x – 28 = 3 × 52 – 28 = 156 – 28 = 128º

Therefore the largest angle is 128º.

Given:

The height of all the friends is different.

U < Y

U > X

Z > U, V, X, Y

X > V

Solution:

As Z is the tallest among all 5,

Now, 

U < Y & U > X

= X < U < Y

Means, that X will be in 1^st or 2^nd place.

Now, X > V

means V < X

so, X is in 2^nd place, hence U will be in third place.

Hence, the third tallest is U.

Given:

Digits = 2, 3, 4, 0, 5

Calculation:

⇒ To get the smallest five-digit number,

⇒ First digit = Lowest number other than 0 = 2

⇒ Second digit = 0

⇒ Third digit = Number just greater than 2 = 3

⇒ Fourth digit = Number just greater than 3 = 4

⇒ Fifth digit = Largest number = 5

Therefore, smallest five-digit number is 20345.

Given :

11 sin2 θ + 12 cos2 θ

Concept used :

cos2 θ = 1 – sin2 θ

Calculation:

11 sin2 θ + 12 cos2 θ

⇒ Putting the value of cos2 θ in the equation, we get

⇒ 11 sin2 θ + 12 cos2 θ = 11 sin2 θ + 12 × (1 – sin2 θ)

⇒ 11 sin2 θ + 12 – 12 sin2 θ = 12 – sin2 θ

⇒ For the value to be minimum, the value of sin2 θ should be maximum.

⇒ So, 12 – sin2 θ = 12 – 1 = 11

Therefore, the minimum value of 11 sin2 θ + 12 cos2 θ is 11.

Given:

The capacity of two pots is 132 liters and 69 litres, respectively.

Concept used:

1 litre = 1000 cubic centimeter(cc) 

Calculation:

⇒ Maximum capacity of a container = HCF of 132 and 69

⇒ Factors of 132 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 11

⇒ Factors of 69 = 3 × 23

⇒ So, the Highest Common Factor of 132 and 69 = 3 Litres = 3000 cc

Therefore, the maximum capacity of a container that can exactly measure the content of the two pots is 3000 cc.

The correct answer is Surat.

Key Points

• Sir Thomas Roe's arrival in Jahangir's court was a significant event in modern Indian history as it was the first step towards establishing the British East India Company as a paramount power in the Indian subcontinent.
• In 1608, the British East India Company decided to open a factory in Surat. The English ambassador Captain Hawkins arrived at Jahangir’s Court to seek permission for trade with India.
• The East India Company was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600.
• It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies, and later with East Asia.

Additional Information

• Initially, it was turned down due to Portuguese intrigue.
• The British thus established their first (temporary) factory at Masulipatnam in 1611.
• But, the first permanent British factory was established at Surat in 1613.

Given:

Karan works twice as fast as Shyam

Time taken together to complete a task = 20 days

Concept used:

Work = Efficiency × Time taken

Calculation:

⇒ Let us consider work done by Shyam in 1 day = x

⇒ So, the work done by Karan in 1 day = 2x

⇒ Now, time taken together to complete a task = 20 days 

⇒ Work done by both Karan and Shyam together in 1 day = $\frac{1}{20}$ 

⇒ 2x + x = $\frac{1}{20}$

⇒ 3x = $\frac{1}{20}$

⇒ x = $\frac{1}{20× 3}=\frac{1}{60}$

⇒ So, work done by Karan in 1 day = 2x = 2 × $\frac{1}{60}$ = $\frac{1}{30}$

Time taken by Karan to complete the work = $\frac{Work}{Efficiency}$ = $\frac{1}{[\frac{1}{30}]}$ = 30 days

Therefore, the time taken by Karan to complete the work is 30 days.

Given:

Length of cloth required to make 5 pieces = 1 m

Length of cloth available = 57.6 m

Calculation:

⇒ In 1 m cloth, the number of pieces made = 5

⇒ In 57.6 m cloth, number of pieces made = 57.6 × 5 = 288 pieces

Therefore, 288 pieces can be made out of cloth.

Given:

Women, Married Women & Lady Doctor.

Explanation:

Married women & Lady doctors come under the category of Women. In conclusion, married women and lady doctor are subsets of women.

Now, there is a possibility that a married woman can be a lady doctor as well or not and vice versa also holds true. In conclusion, we can say that there is an intersection between married women and lady doctor.

Option A: A lady doctor or married woman is not a woman is illogical, so it is not true.

Option B: All the married women already doctors or all the lady doctors are married is not true, hence this is incorrect.

Option C: It represents the relation correctly as per the above explanation.

Option D: A lady doctor or married woman is not a woman is illogical, so it is not true.

Hence, the C option depicts the correct relation.

Given:

J = +

G = -

M = x

B = ÷

Concept used:

BODMAS

Calculation:

Let's replace the alphabet with their signs, and solve applying BODMAS.

Option A: 6B2M8G10J4 = 6 ÷ 2 x 8 - 10 + 4 = 3 x 8 - 10 + 4 = 24 - 10 + 4 = 28 - 10 = 18

Option B: 6M5J4B2G10 = 6 x 5 + 4 ÷ 2 - 10 = 6 x 5 + 2 - 10 = 30 + 2 - 10 = 32 - 10 = 22

Option C: 4G16B2J6M5 = 4 - 16 ÷ 2 + 6 x 5 = 4 - 8 + 6 x 5 = 4 - 8 + 30 = 34 - 8 = 26

Option D: 8M2G6B3J7 = 8 x 2 - 6 ÷ 3 + 7 = 8 x 2 - 2 + 7 = 16 - 2 + 7 = 23 - 2 = 21

Hence, we can say that 6B2M8G10J4 = 20 is not correct.

Given:

x = 12, y = 7

Concept Used:

a³ + b³ = (a + b)(a² + b² – ab)

Calculation:

⇒ $\frac{x^2+y^2-xy}{x^3+y^3}$

⇒ $\frac{x^2+y^2-xy}{(x+y)(x^2+y^2-xy)}$

⇒ $\frac{1}{(x+y)}$

Substituting the value of x and y we get,

⇒ $\frac{1}{12+7}=\frac{1}{19}$

Therefore, the value of $\frac{x^2+y^2-xy}{x^3+y^3}$ is $\frac{1}{19}$

The correct answer is Mumbai.

Key Points

• Bombay Spinning and Weaving Company was the first cotton mill to be established in Bombay, India, on 7 July 1854 at Tardeo by Cowaszee Nanabhoy Davar (1815–73) and his associates.
• In India**, the cotton textile industry** is mainly located in the cotton-producing states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Tamilnadu.
• This place was an important financial place with ports facilitating the export of raw cotton from England and China and It is located near a cotton-growing area.
• Cotton is a natural fiber that grows on a plant. It is both a food and fiber crop, and the plant is a leafy, green shrub related to the hibiscus species of plants.

Additional Information

• Once the capital of the mighty Mauryan emperor Ashoka, Kusumpura (as Patna was then called), transformed into Pushpapura, followed by Pataliputra and Azeemabad to finally become Patna.
• Kolkata is a city of colonial architecture, museums, art galleries, traditional food, temples, music and theatre. It is an amalgamation of traditional and modern. It is famous for its theatre and films.
• Chennai exhibits a perfect amalgamation of art, architecture, dance, music and drama. Famous as the biggest cultural and economic centre down south, Chennai was earlier known as Madras.

Given:

70, V, 63, R, 56, O, 49, ?

Solution:

As we can see from the above pattern, the next series will be having an alphabet.

V - 4 = 22 - 4 = 18 = R

R - 3 = 18 - 3 = 15 = O

O - 2 = 15 - 2 = 13 = M

The gap is decreasing by one alphabet consecutively,

The series will be 70, V, 63, R, 56, O, 49, M

Given:

X and Y can complete a task in 28 days and 20 days, respectively.

Concept used:

Efficiency = $\frac{Total\ units\ of\ work}{Time\ taken}$

Calculation:

Let us consider the total work = 1 unit

⇒ Work done by x in 1 day = $\frac{1}{28}$

⇒ Work done by x in 4 days  = $\frac{1}{28}\times4 =\frac{1}{7}$

⇒ Remaining work = $1-\frac{1}{7}=\frac{6}{7}$

⇒ Work done by x and y in 1 day = $\frac{1}{28}+\frac{1}{20}=\frac{3}{35}$

⇒ Now, $\frac{6}{7}$ of work done by x and y in = $\frac{35}{3} \times \frac{6}{7}=10$ days

⇒ Total time = 10 + 4 = 14 days

Hence, the total time taken for the task is 14 days.

Given:

Amount in 2 years = Rs 6400

Amount in 4 years = Rs 8100

Formula used:

In Compound Interest,

A = P [1 + ($\frac{R}{100}$)]^T

where, A = Amount, P = Principle, T = Time and R = Rate

Calculation:

⇒ Let the sum of money be P.

⇒ For the period of 2 years,

⇒ 6400 = P$\left(1+\frac{r}{100}\right)^2$

⇒ P = $\frac{6400}{\left(1+\frac{r}{100}\right)^2}$              → (1)

⇒ For the period of 4 years,

⇒ 8100 = P$\left(1+\frac{r}{100}\right)^4$

⇒ P = $\frac{8100}{\left(1+\frac{r}{100}\right)^4}$              → (2)

⇒ Equating both (1) and (2), we get

⇒ $\frac{\left(1+\frac{r}{100}\right)^2}{\left(1+\frac{r}{100}\right)^4}=\frac{6400}{8100}$

⇒ $\left(1+\frac{r}{100}\right)^2=\frac{8100}{6400}$

⇒ 1 + $\frac{r}{100}$ = $\sqrt{\frac{8100}{6400}}=\frac{90}{80}$

⇒ $\frac{r}{100}=\frac{9}{8}-1$

⇒ r = $\frac{1}{8}\times 100$ = 12.5%

Therefore, the rate of compound interest is 12.5%.

The correct answer is 7 IMF-described advanced economies in the world.

Key Points

• The Group of Seven is an inter-governmental political forum consisting of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In addition, the European Union is a 'non-enumerated member.
• The G7 provides global leadership and plays a powerful catalyst role on issues that are later taken up by other fora with broader global and regional membership.
• The G7 brings together the world's advanced economies to influence global trends and tackle pervasive and crosscutting issues.
• The G7 is an organized group of seven countries that are regarded as some of the world's largest 'advanced' economies that are highly positioned in global trade and the international financial system.

Additional Information

• The Leaders of the Group of Seven (G7), who met in Elmau, Germany, on 26-28 June 2022, were joined by the Leaders of Argentina, India, Indonesia, Senegal, and South Africa, as well as Ukraine.
• The choice of Taormina as the headquarters of the G7 was announced by the then Prime Minister Matteo Renzi on 4 July 2016.

The correct answer is Alberuni.

Key Points

• Al-Biruni wrote Kitab-Ul-Hind and it was written in Arabic.
• Al-Biruni spent years in the company of Brahmana priests and scholars, learning Sanskrit, and studying religious and philosophical texts.
• He translated several Sanskrit works, including Patanjali’s work on grammar, into Arabic.
• Al-Biruni’s Kitab-ul-Hind, written in Arabic, is simple and lucid.
• It is a voluminous text, divided into 80 chapters on subjects such as religion and philosophy, festivals, astronomy, alchemy, manners and customs, social life, weights and measures, iconography, laws and metrology.

Additional Information

• Seydi Ali Reis was an Ottoman admiral and navigator. Known also as Katib-i Rumi. He commanded the left wing of the Ottoman fleet at the naval Battle of Preveza in 1538.
• Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Battutah was a Berber Maghrebi scholar and explorer who travelled extensively in the lands of Afro-Eurasia, largely in the Muslim world.
• Mahmud bin Amir Ali Balkhi, a Central Asian traveler to India in Jahangir’s reign was horrified to see a group of 23 Muslims in Banaras who had deserted their religion and turned Hindu.

The correct answer is 1969.

Key Points

• CISF was set up under an Act of the Parliament of India on 10 March 1969.
• Its strength was 2,800.
• On 15 June 1983, CISF was subsequently made an armed force of India by another Act of Parliament passed.
• The government raised the sanctioned strength from 145,000 to 180,000 personnel in April 2017.
• The CISF is governed by the Union Ministry of Home Affairs.

Additional Information

• CISF is a unique organization in the paramilitary forces of India which works for airways, seaways, and some of the major installations in India.
• The CISF plays an important role in Disaster Management.
• The headquarter of CISF are in New Delhi.

Given:

4, 13, 27, 82, 165, ?

Solution:

Hence, the series will be 4, 13, 27, 82, 165, 496.

The correct answer is Moving Picture Experts Group.

Key Points

• The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) is an alliance of working groups established jointly by ISO and IEC that sets standards for media coding.
• It is also including compression coding of audio, video, graphics, and genomic data; and transmission and file formats for various applications.
• It is a popular format for movies that are distributed on the internet.
• They use a specific type of compression that makes streaming and downloading much quicker than other popular video formats.

Additional Information

• The MPEG standards are an evolving set of standards for video and audio compression and for multimedia delivery developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG).
• MPEG-1 was designed for coding progressive video at a transmission rate of about 1.5 million bits per second.

The correct answer is Assam.

Key Points

• One horned Rhinoceros:
• They are found in the Indian subcontinent.
• The one-horned rhinoceros (Indian rhinoceros) are the largest of the rhino species.
• They are mainly found in Assam, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh.
• There are 2,640 rhinoceros in four protected areas in Assam.
• 90% are found in Kaziranga National Park.
• It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
• The National Rhino Conservation Strategy was launched in the year 2019 for the conservation of big-horned rhinos.
• Indian Rhino Vision 2020 was launched in 2005, it is an ambitious effort to attain a wild population of at least 3,000 greater one-horned rhinos spread over seven protected areas in the Indian state of Assam by the year 2020.

Additional Information

• National Parks:
• In Arunachal Pradesh
• Namdapha National Park
• Mouling National Park
• West Bengal
• Sunderban National Park
• Buxa National Park
• Gorumara National Park

Neora Valley National Park

• Singalila National Park
• Jaldapara National Park
• Tripura
• Clouded Leopard National Park
• Rajbari National Park

Given:

Shapes of quadrilateral (Rectangle, Square, Parallelogram) and triangle.

Explanation:

A quadrilateral is a plane figure that has four sides or edges, so all figures other than a triangle falls into the category of a quadrilateral.

In the above shapes, all the shapes have four sides except the triangle(which has 3 sides).

So, the triangle is an odd shape among the given shapes.

The correct answer is Delhi-Mumbai-Chennai-Kolkata.

Key Points

• The Golden Quadrilateral is a national highway network connecting most of the major industrial, agricultural, and cultural centres of India.
• It forms a quadrilateral connecting the four major metro cities of India, viz., Delhi (north), Kolkata (East), Mumbai (west), and Chennai (south).
• The main objective of these superhighways is to reduce the distance and time between the four megacities of India.
• Other cities connected by this network include Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Balasore, Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, Durgapur, Jaipur, Kanpur, Pune, Kolhapur, Surat, Vijayawada, Ajmer, Vizag, Bodhgaya, Varanasi, Allahabad, Agra, Mathura, Dhanbad, Gandhinagar, Udaipur, and Vadodara.

Additional Information

• The maximum density of Roads is in Goa.
• National Highways are 2% of the total Roads in India.
• National Highways are the longest in Uttar Pradesh.
• Total Road length is maximum in Maharashtra.
• In the world, the maximum length of Roads is in the USA.

The correct answer is Gujrat.

Key Points

• Ichthyosaur is a 152 million-year-old fossil.
• It was discovered for the first time in India (Kutch desert region of Gujarat).
• Rajasaurus is a genus of carnivorous abelisaurid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of India.
• Masiakasaur is a genus of small predatory theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar.
• In Malagasy, masiaka means "vicious"; this genus name means "vicious lizard".
• Barapasaurus is a genus of basal sauropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic rocks of India.

Additional Information

• Dinosaurs:
• dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria.
• They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 243 and 233.23 million years ago, although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is the subject of active research.

The correct answer is 1600.

Key Points

• The East India Company was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600.
• It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies, and later with East Asia.
• In 1600, a group of English businessmen asked Elizabeth I for a royal charter that would let their voyage to the East Indies on behalf of the crown in exchange for a monopoly on trade.
• The merchants put up nearly 70,000 pounds of their own money to finance the venture, and the East India Company was born.

Additional Information

• It was started as a monopolistic trading body so that England could participate in the East Indian spice trade.
• The East India Company, which once owned India, in one of the great ironies of history, is now owned by an Indian entrepreneur named Sanjiv Mehta.
• The company was founded in 1600 to import spices, tea, and exotic items to Europe from India.
• For years the company remained dormant, stuck in memories and history books.

Given:

HCF = 60, LCM = 420 

Divisor = 2, Quotient = 60

Concept Used:

HCF × LCM = Product of two numbers

Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder

Calculation:

⇒ Let the two numbers be x and y.

⇒ Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder

⇒ x = 2 × 60 + 0 = 120

⇒ HCF × LCM = Product of two numbers

⇒ 60 × 420 = 120 × y

⇒ 25200 = 120y

⇒ $y=\frac{25200}{120}=210$

Therefore, the second number is 210

Given:

Numbers = 5 to 14

Concept Used:

Sum of Cubes of n natural numbers = $\frac{n^2(n+1)^2}{4}$

Calculation:

⇒ Numbers = 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14

⇒ Firstly, we will calculate the sum of the cubes of numbers from 1 to 14,

⇒ Sum of the cubes of first 14 natural numbers = $\frac{14^2(14+1)^2}{4}=\frac{196\times 225}{4}=\frac{44100}{4}$ = 11025

⇒ Sum of the cubes of first 4 natural numbers = $\frac{4^2(4+1)^2}{4}=\frac{16\times 25}{4}$ = 100

⇒ Sum of the cubes of natural numbers from 5 to 14 = 11025 – 100 = 10,925

Therefore, the sum of the cubes of the natural numbers from 5 to 14 is 10,925.

Given:

Ratio of angles of a quadrilateral = 5 : 8 : 10 : 13

Concept Used:

Sum of all the angles of a quadrilateral = 360°

Calculation:

⇒ Let the angles of a quadrilateral be 5x, 8x, 10x and 13x.

⇒ 5x + 8x + 10x + 13x = 360°

⇒ 36x = 360°

⇒ $x=\frac{360}{36}=10$

⇒ Smallest angle = 5x = 5 × 10 = 50º

Therefore, the smallest angle is 50°.

The correct answer is Through sea and air routes.

Key Points

• India is surrounded by water on three sides and has a coastline of 7516.6 km.
• This geographical feature has made sea transport the major player in carrying out the international trade of India.
• Most of India’s foreign trade is carried through sea and air routes.
• However, a small portion is also carried through land routes to neighboring countries like Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan.
• According to the Ministry of Shipping, around 95% of India's trading by volume and 70% by value is done through maritime transport.
• However, sea alone is not sufficient to transport India’s exports, which include perishable materials which can only be transported through the air.
• Although the demand for air freight is limited by cost so, cargo shipped by air has high values per unit and is very time-sensitive.
• The air cargo sector is known to be the barometer of the economic health of a country because of the cost factor.

Additional Information

• Major sea trading ports of India: ​Kandla Port, Mumbai Port, Chennai Port, Kolkata Port, Cochin Port, Vizag port etc.

The correct answer is Sprites.

Key Points

• The world's smallest spacecraft was launched successfully by an Indian rocket.
• The world's smallest spacecraft ever launched has successfully been placed in low Earth orbit by ISRO's PSLV rocket.
• Its name is Sprites,.
• The dimensions are 3.5cmx3. 5cm.
• They weigh 4 grams each and run on sunlight.

Additional Information

• The Indian Space Research Organisation is the national space agency of India.
• Its headquartered in Bangalore.
• It operates under the Department of Space which is directly overseen by the Prime Minister of India.
• The Chairman of ISRO acts as the executive of DOS as well.

The correct answer is Molecular phylogeny.

Key Points

• Molecular phylogeny is a relatively new scientific discipline that involves the comparative analysis of the nucleotide sequences of genes and the amino acid sequences and structural features of proteins from which evolutionary histories and relationships, and in some cases also functions, can be inferred.
• Molecular phylogenetics is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships.
• From these analyses, it is possible to determine the processes by which diversity among species has been achieved.
• Phylogenetics is important because it enriches our understanding of how genes, genomes, species (and molecular sequences more generally) evolve.

Additional Information

• Metamorphosis, in biology, striking change of form or structure in an individual after hatching or birth. Hormones called molting and juvenile hormones, which are not species-specific, apparently regulate the changes.
• The morphological approach relies on recognizing and understanding the meanings of root words and affixes. The earliest approaches to reading are sound/letter correspondences and phonological awareness training.
• DNA Research is an internationally peer-reviewed journal which aims at publishing papers of highest quality in broad aspects of DNA and genome-related research.

The Correct answer is Thailand.

Key Points

• In June and July 2018, a junior association football team was rescued from Tham Luang Nang Non, a cave system in Chiang Rai province, northern Thailand.
• Twelve members of the team, aged 11 to 16, and their 25-year-old assistant coach entered the cave on 23 June after a practice session.
• Shortly after they entered, heavy rainfall began and partially flooded the cave system, blocking their way out and trapping them deep within.
• Efforts to locate the group were hampered by rising water levels and strong currents, and the team were out of contact with the outside world for more than a week.
• The cave rescue effort expanded into a massive operation amid intense worldwide public interest and involved international rescue teams.
• On 2 July, after advancing through narrow passages and muddy waters, British divers John Volanthen and Rick Stanton found the group alive on an elevated rock about 4 kilometers (2.5 miles) from the cave mouth.
• After days of pumping water from the cave system and a respite from the rainfall, the rescue teams worked quickly to extract the group from the cave before the next monsoon rain, which was expected to bring additional downpours on 11 July.
• Between 8 and 10 July, all 12 boys and their coach were rescued from the cave by an international team.
• The rescue effort involved as many as 10,000 people, including more than 100 divers, scores of rescue workers, representatives from about 100 governmental agencies, 900 police officers, and 2,000 soldiers.

Given:

Decrease in expenses = 25%

Further decrease in expenses = 10%

Calculation:

⇒ Let Sohan's expense be Rs x.

⇒ After decrease of 25%,

⇒ Sohan's expense = $x-\frac{25}{100}\times x=\frac{4x-x}{4}=Rs\ \frac{3x}{4}$ 

⇒ Further decrease of 10%,

⇒ Sohan's expense = $\frac{3x}{4}-\frac{10}{100}\times \frac{3x}{4}=\frac{3x}{4}-\frac{3x}{40}$

⇒ Sohan's expense = $\frac{30x-3x}{40}=Rs\ \frac{27x}{40}$ 

⇒ Overall decrease = $x-\frac{27x}{40}=\frac{40x-27x}{40}=Rs\ \frac{13x}{40}$ 

⇒ Percentage of the overall decrease in expenses = $\frac{\frac{13x}{40}}{x}\times 100=\frac{13\times 100}{40}=32.5\%$

Therefore, the percentage by which his expenses decreased altogether is 32.5%.

Given:

Venus, Mars, Iapetus, Jupiter

Explanation:

From the given list, Venus, Mars, & Jupiter are planets of our Solar System whereas lapetus is a moon of Saturn.

Hence, the Iapetus is different from the rest given names of the planet.

Given:

Greatest and smallest six-digit number

Calculation:

⇒ Greatest six-digit number = 999999

⇒ Smallest six-digit number = 100000

⇒ Difference = 999999 – 100000 = 899999

Therefore, the difference between the greatest and smallest six-digit number is 899999.

Given that,

Raman pointed to a lady and said that the son of her only brother is the brother of Raman's wife.

Based on the data given, the following family tree diagram can be drawn,

According to the family tree diagram, the lady is Raman's wife's father's sister.

Hence, the correct answer is "Wife's father's sister".