RRB NTPC CBT 2 (Level-4) Official paper (Held On: 10 May 2022 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

Conclusions:

I. All Indians can speak multiple languages. - Does not follow (The statement implies that multiple languages exist in India. However, this is not enough to determine if every Indian speaks more than one language or not.)

II. Every country has multiple languages. - Does not follow (The statement does not mention any other country apart from India. So, this cannot be determined.)

Hence, neither conclusion I nor II follows.

The correct answer is Vice Chief of Naval Staff.

Key Points

• S. N. Ghormade 
• Vice Admiral SN Ghormade assumed charge as the Vice Chief of Naval Staff at a formal ceremony held at South Block in New Delhi.
• Vice Admiral SN Ghormade takes over from Vice Admiral G Ashok Kumar who retired in July after a service of 39 years.
• He is an alumnus of the National Defence Academy (NDA), Khadakwasla, Naval Staff College at the United States Naval War College, Newport, Rhode Island, and the Naval War College, Mumbai.
• He was commissioned into the Indian Navy on January 1, 1984, and is a Navigation and Direction specialist.
• He has had extensive operational tenures onboard frontline warships of the Indian Navy.
• During his career spanning over 37 years, he has been through a myriad of operational and staff appointments.
• Vice Admiral Ghormade's important operational appointments include Commands of Guided Missile Frigate INS Brahmaputra, Submarine Rescue Vessel INS Nireekshak, and Minesweeper INS Alleppey, and Second-in-Command of Guided Missile Frigate INS Ganga.
• INS Nireekshak was awarded the Unit Citation for the first time during his command.
• Vice Admiral Ghormade was awarded the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal on 26 January 2017 and Nausena Medal in 2007 by the President of India, and Commendation by the Chief of the Naval Staff in 2000.

Additional Information

• Chief of the Air Staff:  VR Chaudhari
• Director-General of Air Operations: Sanjeev Kapoor
• Deputy Chief of Integrated Defence Staff: Sanjay Jasjit Singh

The correct answer is Karve Committee.

Key Points

• Karve Committee
• In 1955, the Village and Small-Scale Industries Committee, also called the Karve Committee, noted the possibility of using small-scale industries for promoting rural development.
• A ‘small-scale industry’ is defined with reference to the maximum investment allowed on the assets of a unit.
• This limit has changed over a period of time.
• In 1950 a small-scale industrial unit was one that invested a maximum of rupees five lakh. Now it is 1 cr.
• It is believed that small-scale industries are more ‘labor intensive’ i.e., they use more labor than the large-scale industries and, therefore, generate more employment.
• But these industries cannot compete with the big industrial firms.
• It is obvious that the development of small-scale industries requires them to be shielded from large firms.
• For this purpose, the production of a number of products was reserved for the small-scale industry; the criterion of reservation being the ability of these units to manufacture the goods.
• They were also given concessions such as lower excise duty and bank loans at lower interest rates.

The correct answer is August 2021.

Key Points

• National Hydrogen Mission (NHM)
• Prime Minister launched the National Hydrogen Mission on India’s 75th Independence Day i.e. 15th August 2021.
• The Mission aims to aid the government in meeting its climate targets and making India a green hydrogen hub.
• This will help in meeting the target of production of 5 million tonnes of Green hydrogen by 2030 and the related development of renewable energy capacity.
• Hydrogen and Ammonia are envisaged to be the future fuels to replace fossil fuels.
• Production of these fuels by using power from renewable energy termed green hydrogen and green ammonia is one of the major requirements for the environmentally sustainable energy security of the nation.
• The government of India is taking various measures to facilitate the transition from fossil fuel-based feedstocks to green hydrogen / green ammonia.
• This policy is one of the major steps in this endeavor.
• Significance of the National Hydrogen Mission

1. This will reduce dependence on fossil fuels and also reduce crude oil imports.
2. The objective also is for our country to emerge as an export Hub for Green Hydrogen and Green Ammonia.
3. The implementation of this Policy will provide clean fuel to the common people of the country.
4. The production of renewable energy (RE) in the form of RE will be the basic ingredient in making green hydrogen.
5. This in turn will help in meeting the international commitments for clean energy.

Additional Information

• Type of Hydrogen
• Grey Hydrogen: It is extracted from hydrocarbons (fossil fuels, natural gas).
• Blue Hydrogen: It is manufactured from natural gas
• Brown Hydrogen: It is manufactured using Coal without carbon sequestration.
• Green Hydrogen: Generated from renewable energy (like Solar, Wind).

The logic followed here is :-

(Second number × 2) + 3 = First number

1) 127 ∶ 62

= (62 × 2) + 3

= 124 + 3

= 127 

2) 473 ∶ 235

= (235 × 2) + 3

= 470 + 3

= 473 

3) 333 ∶ 160

= (160 × 2) + 3

= 320 + 3

= 323 ≠ 333 

4) 869 ∶ 433

= (433 × 2) + 3

= 866 + 3

= 869 

∴ Here, pair '333 ∶ 160' does NOT belong to that group.

Hence, the correct answer is "333 ∶ 160".

Given:

The given number = 37, 85, 65 and 23

Formula used:

Mean = Sum of observations/Number of observations

Calculation:

According to the question

The sum of the number = (37 + 85 + 65 + 23)

⇒ 210

The arithmetic mean = Sum of observations/Number of observations

⇒ 210/4

⇒ 52.5

∴ The required mean is 52.5

Given:

$\frac{23}{3}$ more than a number is $\frac{25}{6}$

Calculation:

Let the number be x

According to the question

⇒ 23/3 + x = 25/6

⇒ x = (25/6 – 23/3)

⇒ x = (25 – 46)/6

⇒ x = -21/6

⇒ x = -7/2

∴ The required number is $-\frac{7}{2}$

Given:

The 8 digit number = 256139A4

Concept used:

Divisibility rule of 11 - Take the alternating sum of the digits in the number, read from left to right. If that is divisible by 11, so is the original number.

Calculation:

According to the question

The 8 digit number = 256139A4

⇒ (2 + 6 + 3 + A) = (5 + 1 + 9 + 4)

⇒ 11 + A = 19

⇒ A = (19 – 11)

⇒ A = 8

∴ The required value of A is 8

Shortcut Trick

Required Percentage = (Marks Obtained ÷ Total Marks) × 100

Required Percentage = (345 ÷ 600) × 100

Required Percentage = 345 ÷ 6 = 57.5%

∴ The correct option is A.

Alternate Method

Given:

Marks obtained by Shubham = 345

Total maximum marks = 600

Formula Used:

Percentage = (Value obtained ÷ Total Value) × 100

0 345 (Obtained) 600 (Total)

Percentage = (345 ÷ 600) × 100

Calculations:

⇒ Required Percentage = (345 ÷ 600) × 100

⇒ Percentage = 345 ÷ 6

⇒ Percentage = 57.5%

∴ The correct option is A.

Additional Information

Percentage Change

Percentage Increase/Decrease = (Difference ÷ Original Value) × 100.

Fraction to Percentage Conversion

To convert any fraction x/y into a percentage, multiply it by 100. Example: 1/4 × 100 = 25%.

Decimal to Percentage

Multiply the decimal by 100 and add the % sign. Example: 0.575 × 100 = 57.5%.

Given :- _ BCD _ _ ABC _ _ E _ BC _ _ _ ABC_ DE

By checking options and substituting accordingly.

1) AADEDDDDED → A B C D A D - A B C E D E - D B C D D E - A B C D D E

2) ADEADDEDDD → A B C D D E - A B C A D E - D B C E D D - A B C D D E

3) ADEDDADDED → A B C D D E - A B C D D E - A B C D D E - A B C D D E

• Here "A B C D D E"  is repeated.

4) ADDADDEDDE → A B C D D D - A B C A D E - D B C E D D - A B C E D E

• Option (3) gives the pattern of :- A B C D D E - A B C D D E - A B C D D E - A B C D D E.

Hence, the correct answer is "ADEDDADDED".

The logic followed here is :-

(First number × 2) + Second number = Third number

1) 12, 33 = 57

= (12 × 2) + 33 

= 24 + 33

= 57

and

2) 10, 28 = 48

= (10 × 2) + 28 

= 20 + 28

= 48

Similarly,

3) 14, 39 = ?

= (14 × 2) + 39

= 28 + 39

= 67

Hence, the correct answer is "67".

Shortcut Trick

Multiplier method: Selling Price (SP) = Cost Price (CP) × (100 + Gain%) ÷ 100

Given SP = Rs. 2858.77 and Gain = 27%

127% of CP = 2858.77

1% of CP = 2858.77 ÷ 127 = 22.51

100% (CP) = 22.51 × 100 = 2251

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 2251.

Alternate Method

Given: Selling Price (SP) = Rs. 2858.77, Profit Percentage = 27%

Formula: Cost Price (CP) = [SP ÷ (100 + Profit%)] × 100

⇒ CP = [2858.77 ÷ (100 + 27)] × 100

⇒ CP = [2858.77 ÷ 127] × 100

⇒ CP = 22.51 × 100

⇒ CP = 2251

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 2251.

Additional Information

Profit and Loss Basics

When SP > CP, there is a Profit. Profit = SP − CP. Profit% is always calculated on the Cost Price unless stated otherwise.

Unitary Method

If 127 units represent the Selling Price (100 + 27), then 100 units represent the Cost Price.

The correct answer is Governor of the State

Key Points

• Subordinate Courts
• The State judiciary consists of a high court and a hierarchy of subordinate courts, also known as lower  courts
• The subordinate courts are so-called because of their subordination to the state high court.
• They function below and under the high court at the district and lower level
• Constitutional Provisions
• Articles 233 to 237 in Part VI of the Constitution make the provisions for the organization of subordinate courts
• Appointment of District Judge
• The appointment, posting and promotion of district judges in a state are made by the Governor of the State in consultation with the High court of the State
• Appointment of other Judges
• Appointment of persons (other than district judges) to the judicial service of a state is made by the Governor of the State after consultation with the State Public Service Commission and the High court.

 Additional Information 

• Appointment :
• The governor of a state is appointed by the president of India. The factors based on which the president evaluates the candidates is not mentioned in the Constitution.
• The function of the Governer:
• The primary function of the governor is to preserve, protect and defend the constitution and the law as incorporated in their oath of office under Article 159 of the Indian constitution.
• All the governor's actions, recommendations and supervisory powers (Article 167c, Article 200, Article 213, Article 355, etc.) over the executive and legislative entities of a state shall be used to implement the provisions of the Constitution.
• Executive powers related to administration, appointments and removals.
• Legislative powers are related to lawmaking and the state legislature, that is State Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) or State Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad

The correct answer is 1849.

Key Points

• Paramahansa Mandali
• It was founded in 1849 by Dadoba Pandurang, Durgaram Mehtaji, and a group of friends in Bombay.
• Its founders believed in one God and were primarily interested in breaking caste rules.
• At its meetings, members took food cooked by low caste people.
• They also believed in education for women, and widow remarriage.

Additional Information

• Dadoba Pandurang in his book Dharma Vivechan outlined seven principles of this new movement:

1. God alone should be worshipped;
2. Real religion is based on love and moral conduct;
3. Spiritual religion is one;
4. Every individual should have freedom of thought;
5. Our actions and speech should be consistent with reason;
6. Mankind is one caste;
7. The right kind of knowledge should be given to all.

• These principles denied polytheism of popular Hinduism, the caste system, and the Brahmanical monopoly of knowledge.
• All members were required to take a pledge that they would abandon caste restrictions and take food and drink prepared by a member of a lower caste.

The logic followed here is :-

• Consonants are increased + 1.
• Here 'O' is written as 'A'.
• Here 'A' is written as 'O'.

LOCAL is written as MADOM

and,

• GLOBAL is written as HMACOM.

Similarly,

• ROMAN will be written as :

Hence, the correct answer is "SANOO".

The correct answer is Article 40.

Key Points

• Article 40
• Article 40 is related to the Directive Principles of State Policy mentioned in Part IV of the Indian Constitution
• Article 40 reads 'To organize village panchayats and endow them with necessary powers and authority to enable them to function as units of self-governments'.
• It is based on Gandhian Ideology.
• Panchayati Raj System
• Through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, the government fulfilled the constitutional obligation stated in Article 40.
• Three-tier ‘Panchayati Raj System’ was introduced at the Village, Block, and District levels in almost all parts of the country.

Additional Information

• Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)
• Part IV of the Constitution of India from Articles 36–51 contains the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)
• The concept of DPSP in the Indian Constitution is borrowed from the Irish Constitution
• The Directive Principles are classified on the basis of their ideological source and objectives. 

1. Socialist Principles
2. Gandhian Principles
3. Liberal and Intellectual Principles

The correct answer is West Bengal.

Key Points

• Alkap is a village dance-drama performance prevalent in Jharkhand's Rajmahal hills and West Bengal's Rajshahi, Murshidabad, and Malda area.
• It is done by groups of 10-12 dancers, with one or two lead singers.
• The troops recite popular folklore and mythical stories, with comedic sketches known as kap sprinkled throughout.
• The dance is commonly linked with Shiva's Gajan festival.

Additional Information Some important folk dances:

The logic followed here is :-

∴ Here, 'travel' is coded as either vj or rb.

Hence, the correct answer is "Either 'vj' or 'rb' ".

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Ram to Rahim amount → (1/3) × Ram = (2/5) × Rahim

Ram : Rahim = (2/5) : (1/3) = (2 × 3) : (5 × 1) = 6 : 5

Total units = 6 + 5 = 11 units

11 units = ₹1210 ⇒ 1 unit = ₹110

Rahim's share = 5 units = 5 × 110 = ₹550

∴ The correct answer is ₹550.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total amount of Ram (A) and Rahim (B) = ₹1210

Condition: (1/3) of A = (2/5) of B

Calculations:

⇒ (1/3)A = (2/5)B

⇒ A/B = (2/5) ÷ (1/3)

⇒ A/B = (2/5) × 3/1 = 6/5

⇒ Ratio A : B = 6 : 5

⇒ Sum of ratio = 6 + 5 = 11

⇒ Rahim's share = (5/11) × 1210

⇒ Rahim's share = 5 × 110

⇒ Rahim's share = ₹550

∴ The correct answer is ₹550.

Additional Information

Ratio Division Rule

If a total amount T is divided in the ratio x : y, then the share of the first part is [x/(x+y)] × T and the second part is [y/(x+y)] × T.

Proportion of Fractions

When fractions are involved in equality (e.g., mA = nB), the ratio of the quantities is the inverse of the coefficients: A : B = n : m.

Unitary Method in Ratios

Total Value ÷ Total Ratio Units gives the value of 1 unit, which can then be multiplied by any specific part of the ratio to find its respective value.

Shortcut Trick

Direct formula for Perimeter from Diagonal (d) and Area (A): (l + b)² = d² + 2 × A.

⇒ (l + b)² = 53² + 2 × 1260 = 2809 + 2520 = 5329.

⇒ (l + b) = √5329 = 73 cm.

⇒ Perimeter = 2 × (l + b) = 2 × 73 = 146 cm.

∴ The correct answer is 146 cm.

Alternate Method

Given:

Diagonal (d) of the rectangle = 53 cm

Area (A) of the rectangle = 1260 cm²

Formula Used:

1. Diagonal (d)² = l² + b²
2. Area = l × b
3. Perimeter = 2(l + b)

Calculations:

⇒ l² + b² = 53² = 2809

⇒ l × b = 1260

⇒ Multiplying Area by 2: 2lb = 2 × 1260 = 2520

⇒ We know that (l + b)² = l² + b² + 2lb

⇒ (l + b)² = 2809 + 2520 = 5329

⇒ l + b = √5329 = 73 cm

⇒ Perimeter = 2(l + b) = 2 × 73 = 146 cm

∴ The correct answer is 146 cm.

Additional Information

Properties of Rectangle

A rectangle is a quadrilateral where all four angles are right angles (90°). Opposite sides are equal and parallel, and diagonals bisect each other and are equal in length.

Algebraic Identity

The identity (a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab is essential for solving problems involving the sum of squares and the product of two variables, such as length and breadth.

Pythagoras Theorem in Rectangles

The diagonal of a rectangle forms a right-angled triangle with the length and breadth. Thus, Diagonal² = Length² + Breadth².

Perimeter vs Area

Area is the product of dimensions (lb), while Perimeter is the total length of the boundary 2(l+b). For a fixed area, the perimeter is minimum when the rectangle is a square.

Given:

Slant height = 32 m

Diameter of a cone = 48 m

Formula used:

Total surface area of cone = πrl + πr²

Calculation:

According to the question

Radius of the cone = 48/2 = 24 m

Slant height of the cone = 32 m

Now,

Total surface area of cone = πrl + πr²

⇒ (22/7 × 24 × 32) + (22/7 × 24 × 24)

⇒ (16,896/7 + 12,672/7)

⇒ 29,568/7

⇒ 4224 m²

∴ The total surface area of a cone is 4224 m²

According to the given information:-

Alok ranked 19th from the top and 38th from the bottom in a class.

Number of students in the class = 38 + 19 - 1

Number of students in the class = 57 - 1

∴ Here, Number of students in the class = 56

Hence, the correct answer is "56".

Shortcut Trick

Speed in m/s = 4 × (5/18) = 10/9 m/s.

Diagonal (Distance) = Speed × Time = (10/9) × 36 = 40 m.

Area of Square = (Diagonal²) ÷ 2 = (40 × 40) ÷ 2 = 800 m².

∴ The correct answer is 800 m².

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed of the boy = 4 km/hr

Time taken to cross diagonally = 36 seconds

Formula used:

1. Distance = Speed × Time
2. Speed (m/s) = Speed (km/hr) × (5/18)
3. Area of square = (Diagonal²) / 2

Calculations:

⇒ Speed = 4 × (5/18) m/s = 10/9 m/s

⇒ Length of the diagonal = Speed × Time

⇒ Diagonal (d) = (10/9) × 36 = 10 × 4 = 40 m

⇒ Area of the square field = d² / 2

⇒ Area = (40 × 40) / 2

⇒ Area = 1600 / 2 = 800 m²

∴ The correct answer is 800 m².

Additional Information

Diagonal and Side Relationship

In a square, the diagonal (d) is related to the side (a) by the formula: d = a√2.

Area Formulas for Square

Area can be calculated either as (Side)² or (Diagonal²) ÷ 2.

Unit Conversion

To convert km/hr to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/hr, multiply by 18/5.

Shortcut Trick Given sin θ = 4/5, use the standard 3-4-5 Pythagorean triplet. Perpendicular (P) = 4, Hypotenuse (H) = 5 ⇒ Base (B) = 3. Substitute values: tan θ = 4/3, cos θ = 3/5, sec θ = 5/3, cot θ = 3/4. Expression = [3(4/3) − 5(3/5)] / [3(5/3) − 4(3/4)] = [4 − 3] / [5 − 3] = 1/2. ∴ The correct answer is 1/2. Alternate Method

Given: sin θ = 4/5 and 0° < θ < 90° (First Quadrant). Formula: sin2θ + cos2θ = 1 | tan θ = sin θ/cos θ | sec θ = 1/cos θ | cot θ = 1/tan θ ⇒ cos θ = √(1 − sin2θ) = √(1 − 16/25) = √(9/25) = 3/5 ⇒ tan θ = (4/5) ÷ (3/5) = 4/3 ⇒ sec θ = 1 ÷ (3/5) = 5/3 ⇒ cot θ = 1 ÷ (4/3) = 3/4 ⇒ Value = [3 × (4/3) − 5 × (3/5)] ÷ [3 × (5/3) − 4 × (3/4)] ⇒ Value = (4 − 3) ÷ (5 − 3) = 1/2 ∴ The correct answer is 1/2. Additional Information Pythagorean Triplets Sets of three positive integers a, b, and c such that a2 + b2 = c2. Common examples include (3, 4, 5), (5, 12, 13), and (8, 15, 17). Trigonometric Identities Fundamental relations like sec2θ − tan2θ = 1 and cosec2θ − cot2θ = 1 are essential for simplifying complex expressions.

The correct answer is 1904.

Key Points

• The Ancient monuments Preservation Act was passed in the year 1904.
• It was an Act to provide for the preservation of Ancient Monuments and objects of archaeological, historical, or artistic interest.
• It was passed during the time of Lord Curzon.
• This Act preserves and restores ancient Indian monuments by Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
• ASI department was made to collect the historical documents and importance, conduct excavations and bring the ancient historical information into the light.

Additional Information

• Archeological Survey of India (ASI):
• ASI was founded by Alexander Cunningham in 1861.
• He also became its first Director-General.
• Sir Alexander Cunningham was a British army engineer with the Bengal Engineer Group.
• Alexander Cunningham was appointed to the newly created position of an archaeological surveyor to the government of India in 1861.
• The (ASI) Archaeological Survey of India is an Indian government agency attached to the Ministry of Culture.
• ASI is responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural monuments in our country.

Shortcut Trick

Total distance = 250 + 120 + 50 = 420 km.

Total time needed = Total distance ÷ Average speed = 420 ÷ 42 = 10 hours.

Time for first and third parts = (250 ÷ 50) + (50 ÷ 25) = 5 + 2 = 7 hours.

Time for second part = 10 − 7 = 3 hours.

Value of k = Distance ÷ Time = 120 ÷ 3 = 40 km/h.

∴ The correct answer is 40.

Alternate Method

Given:

Distances: d₁ = 250 km, d₂ = 120 km, d₃ = 50 km

Speeds: v₁ = 50 km/h, v₂ = k km/h, v₃ = 25 km/h

Average Speed = 42 km/h

Formula Used:

Average Speed = Total Distance ÷ Total Time

Time = Distance ÷ Speed

250 km 50 km/h 120 km k km/h 50 km 25 km/h Average Speed = 42 km/h

Calculations:

⇒ Total Distance = 250 + 120 + 50 = 420 km

⇒ Total Time = Total Distance ÷ Average Speed

⇒ Total Time = 420 ÷ 42 = 10 hours

⇒ Time for segment 1 (t₁) = 250 ÷ 50 = 5 hours

⇒ Time for segment 3 (t₃) = 50 ÷ 25 = 2 hours

⇒ Time for segment 2 (t₂) = Total Time − (t₁ + t₃)

⇒ t₂ = 10 − (5 + 2) = 3 hours

⇒ Speed of segment 2 (k) = Distance₂ ÷ t₂

⇒ k = 120 ÷ 3 = 40 km/h

∴ The correct answer is 40.

Additional Information

Average Speed for Two Equal Distances

If a person covers two equal distances at speeds x and y, then Average Speed = 2xy ÷ (x + y).

Average Speed for Three Equal Distances

If three equal distances are covered at speeds x, y, and z, then Average Speed = 3xyz ÷ (xy + yz + zx).

Speed Unit Conversion

To convert km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

The correct answer is 2007.

Key Points

• Red Fort Complex
• It was built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan.
• Shah Jahan commissioned construction of the Red Fort on 12 May 1638, when he decided to shift his capital from Agra to Delhi.
• Red Fort is the fusion of the Timurids and the Persians architectural styles.
• Ustad Ahmad Lahauri was the architect of the Red Fort.
• Indo-Islamic and Mughal architectural styles are present in the Red Fort Complex.
• The fort was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2007.
• It is situated on the Banks of River Yamuna.

Additional Information

• Shah Jahan
• Shahjahan was the fifth Mughal emperor of India and was the son of Jahangir.
• His grandfather Akbar gave him the name Khurram.
• He was given the title of "The Builder of the Marvels" as he had a remarkable ability to design new structures and redesign old forts.
• He built the Taj Mahal in Agra, the Moti Masjid in Lahore, the Jama Masjid of Delhi, and Section of Agra Fort, etc.

The correct answer is Nigeria.

Key Points

• On 16 February 2021, Ngozi Okonjo Iweala was appointed as the first Woman Director-General of World Trade Organisation (WTO).
• She belongs to Nigeria.
• Okonjo-Iweala assumed office on 1 March 2021, and became both the first woman and the first African to hold this position.
• Okonjo-Iweala, the former finance minister of Nigeria, will succeed Roberto Azevedo, who stepped down in August 2020.
• She is the seventh Director-General of the WTO. Her term of office will expire on 31 August 2025.

Additional Information

• The World Trade Organisation is an international organization set up in 1995 by replacing the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) under the Marrakesh Agreement.
• The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations.
• The WTO has 164 members and 25 observer governments.
• Headquarters - Geneva, Switzerland.

The correct answer is Arunachal Pradesh.

Key Points

• Dibang valley district of Arunachal Pradesh displays the lowest population in the country with a population of 7,948.
• Dibang Valley is a district of Arunachal Pradesh named after the Dibang River or the Talon as the Mishmis call it.
• It is the least populated district in India and has an area of 9,129 square kilometres.
• The Dibang River originates in the mountains of Arunachal Pradesh and flows through the length of the valley which is named after it.
• The Dibang has multiple tributaries and only once it debouches into the plains is it called by its name.
• Some of the major rivers of the Dibang Valley District are Ahui, Emra, Mathun, Dri, Tangon, Ithun, and Ange.
• According to the Census 2011, Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest population density.

Additional Information

• The second-lowest populated district of India is Anjaw which is also in Arunachal Pradesh.
• It had a population of  21,167 in Census 2011.
• The highest populated district in India was Thane in Census 2011 with a population of 1.1 Crore.
• North 24 Pargana was the second most populated district in India with a population of 1.08 Crore.
• Bihar has the highest population density in Census 2011.
• Uttar Pradesh has the highest population in Census 2011.
• Maharashtra has the second-highest Population in Census 2011.

Concept Used:  

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

$4\frac{1}{3} ÷\left[2 \frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{3} ×\left(4 \frac{1}{2}-3 \frac{1}{3}\right)\right]$

⇒ 13/3 ÷ [8/3 – 1/3 × (9/2 – 10/3)]

⇒ 13/3 ÷ [8/3 – 1/3 × (27 – 20)/6]

⇒ 13/3 ÷ [8/3 – 1/3 × 7/6]

⇒ 13/3 ÷ [8/3 – 7/18]

⇒ 13/3 ÷ [(48 – 7)/18]

⇒ 13/3 ÷ 41/18

⇒ 13/3 × 18/41

⇒ 78/41

⇒ 1$\frac{37}{41}$

∴ The required value is 1$\frac{37}{41}$

Shortcut Trick

In an isosceles triangle, the altitude to the base bisects the base into two equal parts of 27 cm each (54 ÷ 2 = 27).

Using Pythagorean triplet (9, 12, 15) scaled by 3 → (27, 36, 45).

Height (h) = 36 cm.

Area = 1/2 × Base × Height = 1/2 × 54 × 36 = 27 × 36 = 972 sq.cm.

∴ The correct answer is 972 sq.cm.

Alternate Method

Given:

Base (b) = 54 cm

Equal sides (a) = 45 cm

Formula Used:

Area of Isosceles Triangle = (b/4) × √(4a² − b²)

Calculations:

⇒ Area = (54/4) × √(4 × 45² − 54²)

⇒ Area = 13.5 × √(4 × 2025 − 2916)

⇒ Area = 13.5 × √(8100 − 2916)

⇒ Area = 13.5 × √5184

⇒ Area = 13.5 × 72

⇒ Area = 972 sq.cm.

∴ The correct answer is 972 sq.cm.

Additional Information

Heron's Formula

For a triangle with sides a, b, c and semi-perimeter s = (a+b+c)/2, Area = √[s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)].

Height of Isosceles Triangle

The altitude (h) drawn to the base (b) of an isosceles triangle with equal sides (a) is given by h = √(a² − (b/2)²).

Properties of Isosceles Triangle

The angles opposite to the equal sides are equal, and the altitude to the base bisects both the base and the vertex angle.

The correct answer is Evergreen Revolution.

Key Points

• MS Swaminathan is an Indian geneticist.
• M S Swaminathan is considered as the "father of the green revolution in India".
• Evergreen revolution refers to productivity improvement in perpetuity without ecological and social harm.
• Dr.M.S.Swaminathan coined the term ‘’Evergreen Revolution” to highlight the pathway of increasing production and productivity in a manner such that short and long-term goals of food production are not mutually antagonistic. The logic is to produce more from less, less land, less pesticide, less water and it must be an evergreen revolution to get sustainable agriculture.
• Dr. Swaminathan was the chairman of the national commission on farmers in India.
• He developed high-yielding varieties of wheat in India as a part of the green revolution.
• The spread of the green revolution enabled India to achieve self-sufficiency in food grains.
• The Green Revolution in India was first introduced in Punjab.
• MS Swaminathan served as a Member of Parliament (Rajya Sabha) from 2007 to 2013.

Important Points 

• William S Gaud is a former administrator of the United States Agency for international development.
• He coined the term 'green revolution' first time.
• The green revolution is the initiative launched for the development of new crop varieties to increase agricultural production in developing countries.
• Norman Borlaug is considered the "father of the green revolution".

Additional Information

The logic followed here is :-

• JUG is related to LSI.

and,

• WIN is related to YGP.

​

Similarly,

• APT is related to :

Hence, the correct answer is "CNV".

Given:

The HCF of 1683, 2244 and 5049 is x.

Concept used:

HCF - The greatest number which divides each of the two or more numbers

Calculation:

⇒ 1683 = 3 × 3 × 11 × 17

⇒ 2244 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 11 × 17

⇒ 5049 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 11 × 17

The HCF = (3 × 11 × 17)

⇒ 561

So,

⇒ x = 561

Now,

The sum of digits of x = (5 + 6 + 1)

⇒ 12

∴ The required sum of digits of x is 12

The logic followed here is :-

• All letters are decreased by -3.

Hence, the correct answer is "RVAFK".

The correct answer is 1 - (d), 2 - (c), 3 - (a), 4 - (b).

Key Points

• Navreh
• It is the lunar new year that is celebrated in Kashmir.
• It is the Sanskrit word ‘Nav-Varsha’ from where the word ‘Navreh’ has been derived.
• It falls on the first day of the Chaitra Navratri.
• Ugadi
• The festival of Ugadi is celebrated on the first day of Chaitra month as per the Hindu calendar
• Ugadi, also known as Yugadi, is a renowned South Indian festival mainly celebrated in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Telangana to commemorate the beginning of a new year.
• For Ugadi, doors in homes are adorned with mango leaf decorations called toranalu or Torana in Kannada
• Vishu
• It is a Hindu festival celebrated in the Indian state of Kerala, Tulu Nadu region in Karnataka, Mahé district of Union Territory of Pondicherry, neighboring areas of Tamil Nadu, and their diaspora communities.
• "Vishu" means "equal" in the Sanskrit language.
• It is called Malayali New year
• The festival marks the first day of Medam, the ninth month in the solar calendar followed in Kerala.
• Pana Sankranti
• Oriya New Year is also known as Pana Sankranti and it is observed as the first day of the Oriya Calendar.
• It is also known as ‘Maha Vishuba Sankranti,’ ‘Maha Sankranti,’ and ‘Mesha Sankranti’ is a festival that is widely celebrated across Odisha as the traditional New Year
• Pana Sankranti is named after ‘Pana,’ the main fruit drink which is prepared in Odisha’s traditional culture.

From the given information the direction of Sunil is as follows :

∴ Here, 'Z' is in south-west direction with respect to 'R'.

Hence, the correct answer is "South-West".

The correct answer is Chief of the Air Staff.

Key Points

• Air Chief Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhari took over as the Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) on 30 September 2021.
• He is the 27^th Chief of the Air Staff of the Indian Air Force.
• He took over the charge from his predecessor RKS Bhadauria.
• The appointments for the post are made by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet.

Additional Information

• The supreme commander of the Indian Armed Forces (President) : Droupadi Murmu (Article 52)
• Union Defence Minister: Rajnath Singh
• Chief of Army Staff (COAS): Manoj Pandey
• Chief of Naval Staff (CNS): R Harikumar

(as of May 2022)

The correct answer is Gamma Rays.

Key Points

• Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength and highest frequency (energy) in the electromagnetic spectrum.
• They are electromagnetic waves with wavelengths in the range of 10^-12m and frequencies around 10²⁰- 10²⁴ Hz.
• They have a high penetrating power.
• They are a result of decaying radioactive material and can also be found in outer space.
• They are used in medical applications for sterilisation of equipment and cancer treatment.

Additional Information

• Other radiations in the Electromagnetic spectrum are:

The correct answer is Sutlej.

Key Points

• Sutlej is a tributary of River Indus.
• Shutudri is the name of the river mentioned during Vedic age.
• It starts from Lake Rakshastal and is a major river among the five rivers of Punjab.

Additional Information

• Ganga is the major river system in India.
• It starts from the Gangotri in the Himalayas and drains into the Bay of Bengal.
• The major tributaries of the Ganga are:
• Right bank tributaries: Yamuna, Chambal, Banas, Ken, Betwa, Son, Rihand, Koel
• Left bank tributaries : Bhagirathi, Alakananda, Ramganga,Ghahgra, Gomti, Gandak, Rapti, Kosi

​

​

The correct answer is 39.

Key Points

• 2021 ASBC Asian Youth & Junior Boxing Championships were held in Dubai.
• India won 39 medals in the competition of which 14 are gold.
• The competition was conducted at the levels of Junior and Youth groups.

Additional Information

• ASBC stands for Asian Boxing Confederation that conducts Boxing championships at various levels.
• 2022 ASBC Asian Youth and Junior Boxing Championships were held in Amman, Jordan.

Shortcut Trick

Total efficiency = 3 + 5 + 8 = 16 units/day.

Total work = Total efficiency × Total days = 16 × 15 = 240 units.

Work done by A and B in 12 days = (3 + 5) × 12 = 96 units.

Remaining work = 240 − 96 = 144 units.

Time taken by C = Remaining work ÷ Efficiency of C = 144 ÷ 8 = 18 days.

∴ The correct answer is 18 days.

Alternate Method

Given efficiencies: A = 3, B = 5, C = 8.

Working together, (A + B + C) completes work in 15 days.

⇒ Total work = 15 × 16 = 240 units.

⇒ Efficiency of A + B = 3 + 5 = 8 units/day.

⇒ Work completed by A and B in 12 days = 12 × 8 = 96 units.

⇒ Remaining work = 240 − 96 = 144 units.

⇒ Time taken by C to finish remaining work = 144 ÷ 8 = 18 days.

∴ The correct answer is 18 days.

Additional Information

Efficiency and Time Relationship

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken to complete the work (Efficiency ∝ 1 ÷ Time).

Work and Wages

Wages are generally distributed among workers in the ratio of the work done by them, which is the same as the ratio of their efficiencies if they work for the same duration.

Pipes and Cisterns

This concept is identical to Time and Work, where the efficiency of an inlet pipe is positive and the efficiency of an outlet/leakage pipe is negative.

We know that:

In an ordinary year, there are 365 days and on dividing 365 by 7,

• We get remainder = 1 so this extra one day is taken as odd day.

Similarly, in an leap year, there are 366 days and on dividing 366 by 7,

• we get remainder = 2 so this extra two days is taken as odd days.

Thus, the remainder, which we get after dividing the number of days by 7 is considered as odd days.

Given 16th April 2021 was on a Saturday.

• Number of days in month of April = 30 days
• Remaining number of days in month of April after 16^th April = 14 days.
• Number of days in month of May = 31 days.
• Number of days until 3^rd June = 3 days

∴ The total number of days = 14 + 31 + 3

∴ The total number of days = 48

⇒ The number of odd days from 16th April 2021 until 3rd June 2021 = 48 ÷ 7 = 6 odd days

∴ 16th April 2021, it was Saturday + 6 odd days = Friday.

∴ Here, Amit's wife's birthday on 3rd June 2021 is 'Friday'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Friday".

The logic followed here is :-

(Second number + Third number)^1/2 = First number.

1) 8, 35 = 29

= (35 + 29)^1/2

= 64^1/2

= 8

2) 10, 48 = 52

= (48 + 52)^1/2

= 100^1/2

= 10

Similarly,

3) 12, 57 = ?

⇒ (57 + x)^1/2 = 12

⇒ 57 + x = 12²

⇒ 57 + x = 144

⇒ x = 144 - 57

⇒ x = 87

Hence, the correct answer is "87".

Shortcut Trick

The terms K − 10, K + 10, and K + 38 are in Continued Proportion (Geometric Progression).

Common ratio r = (Difference of 2nd and 3rd terms) ÷ (Difference of 1st and 2nd terms)

r = (38 − 10) ÷ (10 − (−10)) = 28 ÷ 20 = 7/5

So, (K + 10) ÷ (K − 10) = 7/5. By Componendo and Dividendo: 2K ÷ 20 = 12 ÷ 2

⇒ K ÷ 10 = 6 ⇒ K = 60

∴ The correct answer is 60.

Alternate Method

Given: Three terms (K − 10), (K + 10), and (K + 38) are in continued proportion.

Formula Used: If three numbers a, b, and c are in continued proportion, then b² = a × c.

Calculations:

⇒ (K + 10)² = (K − 10)(K + 38)

⇒ K² + 20K + 100 = K² + 38K − 10K − 380

⇒ 20K + 100 = 28K − 380

⇒ 28K − 20K = 100 + 380

⇒ 8K = 480

⇒ K = 480 ÷ 8

⇒ K = 60

∴ The correct answer is 60.

Additional Information

Continued Proportion

Three quantities a, b, and c are in continued proportion if the ratio of the first to the second is equal to the ratio of the second to the third (a:b = b:c).

Mean Proportional

In the proportion a:b = b:c, b is called the mean proportional between a and c, calculated as b = √(a × c).

Geometric Progression (GP)

Quantities in continued proportion are always in GP where the common ratio r = b/a = c/b.

Componendo and Dividendo Rule

If x/y = p/q, then (x + y)/(x − y) = (p + q)/(p − q). This is useful for solving fractional equations quickly.

Eight people M, N, P, S, T, V, X and Y are sitting in a straight row and all are facing north.

1) M sits second from one of the extreme ends of the row.

Case (i) :

Case (ii) :

2) Only two people sit between M and N.

Case (i) :

Case (ii) :

3) P sits second to the right of N.

Case (i) :

Case (ii) :

4) As many people sit to the right of P as to the left of S.

Here case (i) gets eliminated.

5) More than three people sit between S and T.

6) V sits to the immediate right of X.

Thus seating arrangement of all eight people :

∴ Here, 'V' sits third to the left of 'Y'.

Hence, the correct answer is "V".

The correct answer is Gregor Mendel.

Key Points

• Gregor Mendel is a mathematician and biologist from the Austrian Empire (now Czech republic).
• He is called as Father of Genetics for his extensive research and observations done on pea plants and their characteristics.
• He coined the terms recessive and dominant and used statistical models to learn the behaviour of the plant.
• He developed principles of inheritance that explained the transmission of genes.
• His observations were later verified with experiments that laid the foundation of the modern field of Genetics.

Additional Information

• Charles Darwin
• He is an English biologist.
• He is known for his work on the evolution of life and the principles of the Theory of natural selection.
• He is the author of the famous book “Origin of Species”.
• Robert Hook
• He is an English scientist and mathematician.
• He is known for using a microscope and observing a microorganism for the first time.
• He also devised the equation describing elasticity which is known as Hooke’s law.
• EP Odum
• He is an American biologist.
• He is known for his work and explaining the concept of the ecosystem.

Ten people are sitting in two parallel rows 1 and 2.

• A, B, C, D and E are sitting in row 1 facing north.
• V, W, X, Y and Z are sitting in row 2 facing south.

1) A sits second from the right end of the row.

2) W faces an immediate neighbour of A.

• Case (i) :

• Case (ii) :

3) X sits third to the right of W.

4) The one who faces X, sits to the immediate right of B.

5) Only one person sits between B and C.

6) V sits to the immediate right of Y.

7) D does not sit at any of the extreme ends of the row.

• Thus the final arrangement:

∴ Here, 'Z' is sitting opposite and faces 'B'.

Hence, the correct answer is "B".

Six friends are sitting in a circle facing the centre of the circle.

1) Anil is to the immediate left of Veena.

2) Anil and Guna are the immediate neighbours of Giri.

3) Veena and Sadvi are the immediate neighbours of Pooja.

∴ Here, 'Pooja' is immediate right of 'Veena'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Pooja".

The correct answer is Enter.

• The shortcut key to create a new paragraph in MS Word is the ‘Enter’ key.
• This key takes control to a new paragraph in the document.
• The settings in the paragraph tab like spacing and indentation are followed during the creation of the new paragraph.
• ‘Shift+Enter’ is used to go to a new line in MS Word.

Concept Used:  

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

[(7 × 9) + (3 × 8) + 3] ÷ [(9 × 4) + (72 ÷ 8)]

⇒ [(7 × 9) + (3 × 8) + 3] ÷ [(9 × 4) + 9]

⇒ [(7 × 9) + (3 × 8) + 3] ÷ (36 + 9)

⇒  [(7 × 9) + (3 × 8) + 3] ÷ 45

⇒ [63 + (3 × 8) + 3] ÷ 45

⇒ [63 + (24 + 3)] ÷ 45

⇒ (63 + 27) ÷ 45

⇒ 90 ÷ 45

⇒ 2

∴ The required value is 2

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below :-

Conclusions:

I. All pharmacists are mathematicians → False (As All pharmacists are statisticians and Some statisticians are mathematicians so, All pharmacists are mathematicians, hence, false)

II. Some pharmacists are mathematicians → False (As All pharmacists are statisticians and Some statisticians are mathematicians so, Some pharmacists are mathematicians hence, false)

III. Some mathematicians are statisticians → True (As Some statisticians are mathematicians so, Some mathematicians are statisticians it is definitely true)

IV. Some statisticians are pharmacists → True (As All pharmacists are statisticians so, Some statisticians are pharmacists it is definitely true)

∴ Here, Conclusions III and IV are true.

Hence, the correct answer is "Both conclusions III and IV follow".

The correct answer is Service.

Key Points

• According to the Economic Survey 2021-2022, The Service sector has seen a growth rate of 8.2% and contributed over 50% of India's GDP in 2021-2022.
• Nirmala Sithraman presented the Economic Survey 2021-22 in Parliament on 31st January 2022.
• Some other fiscal developments as per the Survey are as follows:
• The revenue receipts(April-November 2021) from Central Government have gone up by 67.2%.
• Gross Tax Revenue registered a growth of over 50% ( April-November 2021).
• Central Government debt has gone up from 49.1%(2019-20) to 59.3%(2020-21) of GDP
• As per the Economic Survey 2021-22, the foreign exchange reserves touched USD 633.6 billion(as of Dec 31, 2021).
• According to the Economic Survey 2021-22, the repo rate was maintained at 4% in 2021-22.
• The Economic Survey also revealed that Rs. 89,066 crores was raised via 75 Initial Public Offering (IPO) issues in April-November 2021.

Additional Information 

• The Economic Survey was first released in 1950-51 and presented with the budget until 1964.
• The Economic Survey was separated from the budget after 1964.
• V Anantha Nageswaran is the current Chief Economic Advisor(CEA).

The correct answer is bajada.

Key Points 

• Bajada 
• It is a depositional feature made up of alluvial material laid down by the intermittent streams.
• Bajada is formed by the coalescence of alluvial fans.
• These fan-shaped deposits form from the deposition of sediment by a stream from the upland region onto flat land at the base of a mountain.
• Bajadas are common in arid areas where a large quantity of sediment is deposited by flash floods.
• Bajadas frequently contain playa lakes.

Additional Information 

• Floodplain:- At times the river overflows and leads to the flooding at banks, depositing layers of sediments causing the formation of a flat fertile floodplain.
• Mesa is an elevated area of land that is much larger and is slightly less elevated than a Buttes.
• Bouma sequence describes a characteristic sequence of sedimentary structures occurring in sedimentary rocks.

The correct answer is 2022.

Key Points

• In June 2018, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said India will eliminate SUP (single-use plastics) by 2022.
• This was reinforced during the fourth United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA) held in March 2019, where India piloted two resolutions - one relating to SUPs and Sustainable Nitrogen management.
• A National Level Taskforce has also been constituted by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) for taking coordinated efforts to eliminate identified single-use plastic items and effective implementation of Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016.
• Recently, the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change vide notification dated 12th August 2021, notified the Plastic Waste Management (Amendment) Rules, 2021.
• The amendment basically aims to prohibit identified single-use plastic items, having low utility and high littering potentials, by the year 2022.

Additional Information

• The manufacture, import, stocking, distribution, sale, and use of the following single-use plastic, including polystyrene and expanded polystyrene, commodities shall be prohibited with effect from the 1st July, 2022:
• Earbuds with plastic sticks, plastic sticks for balloons, plastic flags, candy sticks, ice-cream sticks, polystyrene [Thermocol] for decoration;
• Plates, cups, glasses, cutlery such as forks, spoons, knives, straw, trays, wrapping or packing films around sweet boxes, invitation cards,  and cigarette packets, plastic or PVC banners less than 100 micron, stirrers.

The correct answer is 1955.

Key Points 

• The Citizenship Act of 1955
• The Citizenship Act of 1955 prescribes five ways of acquiring citizenship:

1. By Birth
2. By Descent
3. By Registration
4. By Naturalisation
5. By Incorporation of Territory- If any foreign territory becomes a part of India, the Government of India specifies the persons who among the people of the territory shall be the citizens of India.

• The Citizenship Act, 1955, prescribes three ways of losing citizenship whether acquired under the Act or before it under the Constitution:

1. By Renunciation only a single citizenship
2. By Termination
3. By Deprivation

• According to The Citizenship Act, 1955, if any foreign territory becomes a part of India, the Government of India specifies the persons who among the people of the territory shall be the citizens of India. Such persons become the citizens of India from the notified date.
• Single Citizenship - Though the Indian Constitution is federal and envisages a dual polity (Centre and states), it provides for only single citizenship, that is, Indian citizenship. The citizens in India owe allegiance only to the Union. There is no separate state citizenship.

Additional Information 

• Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019 
• The Bill amends the Citizenship Act, of 1955, and grants citizenship to the Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, and Christian communities from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, who entered India on or before December 31, 2014.
• To obtain citizenship by naturalization, one of the qualifications is that the person must have resided in India or have been in the service of the central government for at least 11 years before applying for citizenship.
• But the act reduced the period to five years for Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, and Christian communities.

Given:

The mean of all the prime numbers between 10 and 22

Concept used:

Prime number - A number which has only two factors 1 and itself

Formula used:

Mean = sum of observations/Number of observations

Calculation:

The prime number between 10 and 22 is

⇒ 11, 13, 17, 19

The sum of all prime numbers = (11 + 13 + 17 + 19) = 60

The mean of all the prime numbers between 10 and 22 = (60/4)

⇒ 15

∴ The required mean is 15

Given:

Ram and Dipti each invested a sum of Rs. 8000 for a period of two years at 30% compound interest per annum.

Rate of interest of Ram is compound annually

Rate of interest of Dipti is compounded every eight months

Formula used:

A = P(1 + r/100)^t

Calculation:

When rate of interest is compounded eight months of Dipti = (30 × 8/12)%

⇒ 20%

Time for Dipti = (2 × 12/8) = 3 years

Now,

CI for Ram is 

⇒ A = P(1 + r/100)^t

⇒ A = 8000(1 + 30/100)²

⇒ 8000(1 + 3/10)²

⇒ (8000 × 13/10 × 13/10)

⇒ (80 × 169)

⇒ 13,520

Interest = A – P

⇒ Rs. (13,520 – 8000)

⇒ Rs. 5520

Now,

CI for Dipti is

⇒ A = P(1 + r/100)^t

⇒ A = 8000(1 + 20/100)³

⇒ 8000(1 + 1/5)³

⇒ 8000(6/5)³

⇒ (8000 × 216/125)

⇒ (64 × 216)

⇒ 13,824

Interest = A – P

⇒ Rs. (13,824 – 8000)

⇒ Rs. 5824

Now,

Dipti receive as interest compared to Ram at the end of the two-year period = Rs. (5824 – 5520)

⇒ Rs. 304

∴ The required interest is Rs. 304

The correct answer is Eurasian Economic Union.

Key Points 

• The economic union of states located in Eastern Europe, Western Asia, and Central Asia is the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).
• On 29th May 2014 the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union was signed by the leaders of Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan.
• It came into force on 1st January 2015.
• Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Belarus, and Amenia are members of the Eurasian Economic Union.
• The official/ working language of the Eurasian Economic Union is Russian.
• Cuba, Moldova, Uzbekistan, and Iran are observer countries in Eurasian Economic Union.
• It encourages free movement of goods and services, competition and antitrust regulations, provides for common policies in the macroeconomic sphere, technical regulations, foreign trade, and investment, etc.
• The chairman of the Board of the Eurasian Economic Commission is Mikhail Myasnikovich. (May 2022)

Additional Information

• European Union:
• The European Union is a group of 27 countries and was formed in the year 1993.
• It is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium.
• The purpose of the European Union is to:
• Promote peace among nations.
• Establish a unified economic and monetary system.
• Promote inclusion and combat discrimination.
• Break down barriers to trade and borders.
• Encourage technological and scientific developments.
• Environmental protection campaign.
• The United Kingdom left the European Union membership in the year 2020 taking the total tally to 27 member countries.
• CARICOM Single Market and Economy (Caribbean Single Market and Economy)
• It is a group of 15 member countries (currently 13 active) and was formed in 1989 at Grande Anse, Grenada.
• This treaty has transformed the Common Market into the Single Market.
• Andean Community (CAN)
• It was formed on 26 May 1969, in Quito, Ecuador.
• The Headquarters of CAN are located in Lima, Peru.
• It is a South American organization founded to encourage industrial, agricultural, social, and trade cooperation.
• It is a trade bloc of four countries - Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
• Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay are associate members while Panama, Mexico, and Spain are Observers.

The logic followed here is :-

Thus code for "heard" is "es".

code for "car" is "hy".

∴ Here, 'heard car' is coded as 'es hy' or 'hy es'.

Hence, the correct answer is "hy es".

The correct answer is Sarangi.

Key Points

• Pundit Ram Narayan
• ​He is a Hindustani classical musician who plays the bowed instrument, the sarangi.
• He is credited with popularizing the sarangi as a solo classical instrument.
• He was born in 1927 in Amber village in Rajasthan.

Additional Information

• Guitar is a musical instrument usually consisting of six strings.
• The guitar originally evolved from the instrumental sitar.
• Baiju Dharmajan is famous for playing the Guitar.
• Veena is an Indian string instrument that has been named after Saraswati, the Hindu goddess.
• Asad Ali Khan was an Indian musician who played the plucked string instrument Rudra veena.

Important Points

• Sarod is the most ancient musical instrument.
• Ustad Ali Akbar Khan and Brij Narayan are some of the notable exponents of Sarod.
• Tabla is one of the most popular musical instruments in India. It consists of a pair of drums.
• Zakir Hussain is a famous Indian tabla player.
• Sitar is also a popular musical instrument that has a long neck.
• Ustad Imrat Khan and Pandit Ravishankar are famous Sitar players.
• Hari Prasad Chaurasia is famous for playing the flute.
• Pandit Shiv Kumar Sharma is a renowned santoor player.

Concept Used:  

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

$\frac{12-[(3-5) × 4] ÷ 8-8+[6 ÷(12 × 2)]}{9 × 15 ÷(12 × 10)-[12 ÷(6 × 2)]}$

⇒ $\frac{12-[(3-5) × 4] ÷ 8-8+[6 ÷24]}{9 × 15 ÷(12 × 10)-[12 ÷12]}$

⇒ $\frac{12-[(3-5) × 4] ÷ 8-8+1/4}{9 × 15 ÷(12 × 10)-1}$

⇒ $\frac{12-[-2 × 4] ÷ 8-8+1/4}{9 × 15 ÷120-1}$

⇒ $\frac{12-[-8] ÷ 8-8+1/4}{9 × 1/8-1}$

⇒ $\frac{12- [-1]-8+1/4}{9 /8-1}$

⇒ $\frac{13-8+1/4}{9 /8-1}$

⇒ $\frac{5+1/4}{9 /8-1}$

⇒ $\frac{(20+1)/4}{(9 -8)/8}$

⇒ $\frac{21/4}{1/8}$

⇒ 21/4 × 8/1

⇒ (21 × 2)

⇒ 42

∴ The required value is 42

Given:

Ravish has read $\frac{4}{5}$ of a book

Soma has read only $\frac{5}{8}$ of the book

Both however have another 120 pages of their respective books remaining to be read

Calculation:

Ravish has read $\frac{4}{5}$ of a book

The remaining read of Ravish = (1 – 4/5) = 1/5

Soma has read only $\frac{5}{8}$ of the book

The remaining read of Soma = (1 – 5/8) = 3/8

Now,

Total pages in Ravish book 

⇒ 1/5 = 120 pages

⇒ 600 pages

Total pages in Soma book

⇒ 3/8 = 120

⇒ 320 pages

Now,

The fraction of the number of pages read by Ravish has been read by Soma is

⇒ (320 × 5/8)/(600 × 4/5)

⇒ 200/480

⇒ 5/12

∴ The fraction of the number of pages read by Ravish has been read by Soma is $\frac{5}{12}$

According to the given information:-

1) K is the tallest while L is the shortest.

2) O is the second shortest person in that group.

3) M is taller than N.

∴ Here, 'N' is third tallest in the given group.

Hence, the correct answer is "N".

From the given information :-

 

We know that 'Red' coloured light is used to stop vehicles on traffic signal.

∴ Here, 'Red' is called 'Green'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Green".

The correct answer is fold mountains.

Key Points 

• Himalayan mountain range:
• The Himalayas are a type of young fold mountains.
• Fold mountains are formed due to the collision of tectonic plates.
• When two tectonic plates collide they get compressed resulting in the upliftment of Earth's crust.
• Young because the Himalayas are still in the process of formation.
• Includes the Himalayas, Purvanchal, and their extensions Arakan Yoma (Myanmar) and Andaman and Nicobar Islands (but we will consider these as islands only).
• It is the youngest and highly unstable landmass in India. [Continent – Continent Convergence]
• Tectonic movements are very common.

Additional Information 

• Block Mountains are also known as fault mountains.
• These mountains are formed due to natural faults (break up of bedrock) in the earth's crust as a result of being extended and stretched by the tensile forces.
• Block mountains are created by widely breaking up in a large area of bedrock that displaced the earth's crust vertically.
• These vertical displacements result in tilting the earth's crust and lead to high slopes.
• These mountains have massive structures, steep slopes, and smooth topography.
• The Sierra Nevada Mountains (North  America), Harz Mountains (Germany), and Vosges  Mountain (Rhine Valley).
• Residual mountains (relict mountains) are those mountains that have been eroded by the agents of degradation such as winds, rain, frost, and running water.
• The hard rocks that are left behind are called residual mountains.
• Aravallis in India, The Sierras of central Spain and Mesas of the USA are some examples of residual mountains.
• A volcanic mountain starts out as a simple crack in the Earth called a volcanic vent.
• Magma erupts out of the ground as lava flows, clouds of ash, and explosions of rock.
• This material falls back to Earth around the vent and piles up around it.
• Over time (and sometimes quite quickly) a volcanic mountain builds up, with the familiar cone shape.
• Mount Merapi, is a volcanic mountain peak located near the centre of the island of Java, Indonesia.

The correct answer is Uttarakhand.

Key Points

• Tehri Dam
• The tallest dam in India is the Tehri dam built across the Bhagirathi River.
• The Tehri Dam is the highest dam in India and one of the highest in the world.
• It is a multi-purpose rock and earth-fill embankment dam in Uttarakhand, India

Additional Information

• Major Dams and their location

The correct answer is India.

Key Points

• Indian Diaspora
• As per International Organisation for Migration’s (IOM) latest report, Global Migration Report 2020, India continues to be the largest country of origin of international migrants with a 17.5 million-strong diaspora across the world.
• The top three countries of origin of international migrants – are India (17.5 million) > Mexico (11.8 million) > China (10.7 million).
• Between the years 2000 and 2020, the migrant population living overseas grew in nearly all areas and countries worldwide.
• As per the UN Report, “India experienced the largest gain during that period  nearly 10 million
• According to the UN’s International Migration 2020 Highlights, India’s diaspora, the largest in the world, is distributed across a number of major countries of destination.

Given :-

Rama met her brother on Saturday of a particular month.

1st day of that month was Tuesday.

∴ Here Tuesday + 4 = Saturday 

Hence 1 + 4 = 5

∴ 5^th of that month is Saturday.

Saturday comes on 5^th, 12^th, 19^th, 26^th.

Rama remembers that she met her brother after the 20th day of a particular month which is on Saturday.

∴ Here Saturday falls on 26^th of that particular month after 20^th day of that month.

Hence, the correct answer is "26^th".

The correct answer is Arthropoda.

Key Points

• The Malpighian tubule
• It is the excretory organ of the phylum Arthropoda (Insects).
• The Malpighian tubule is a narrow tubule-like structure made up of a single-cell layer.
• It excretes nitrogenous products and other metabolites.
• In insects, a Malpighian tubule is present in the abdominal cavity.

Additional Information

• Excretion
• It is the process of removal of nitrogenous wastes from the body of an organism.
• Excretion is performed by a specialized group of cells or organs called excretory organs.
• Different organisms have different types of excretory organs
• Eg. Flatworms – Protonephridia & flame cells, Earthworms – Nephridia, Insects – Malpighian tubules, Crustaceans – green glands, All chordates - Kidneys

Important Points

• Different organisms use different types of organs to remove excreta

The correct answer is Madhya Pradesh.

Key Points

Ganga river

• • The Ganga is the most important river in India both from the point of view of its basin and cultural significance.
• It rises in the Gangotri glacier near Gaumukh (3,900 m) in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand.
• Here, it is known as the Bhagirathi. It cuts through the Central and the Lesser Himalayas in narrow gorges.
• At Devprayag, the Bhagirathi meets the Alaknanda; hereafter, it is known as the Ganga.
• The Ganga enters the plains at Haridwar.
• From here, it flows first to the south, then to the south-east and east before splitting into two distributaries, namely the Bhagirathi and the Padma.
• The river has a length of 2,525 km.
• It flows through the states of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, and West Bengal.
• The Ganga basin covers about 8.6 lakh sq. km area in India alone.
• The Ganga river system is the largest in India and has a number of perennial and non-perennial rivers originating in the Himalayas in the north and the Peninsula in the south, respectively.
• The Son is its major right-bank tributary.
• The important left bank tributaries are the Ramganga, the Gomati, the Ghaghara, the Gandak, the Kosi and the Mahananda.
• The river finally discharges itself into the Bay of Bengal near the Sagar Island.
• The Yamuna, the westernmost and the longest tributary of the Ganga, has its source in the Yamunotri glacier on the western slopes of the Banderpunch range (6,316 km).
• It joins the Ganga at Prayag (Allahabad)

Confusion Points

• The Ganga River Basin
• About 79% area of the Ganga basin is in India.
• The basin covers 11 states viz., Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh., Rajasthan, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal, and Delhi.

The correct answer is Mary Kom.

Key Points

• Mary Kom
• Six-time world champion M C Mary Kom has been picked as the chairperson of the International Boxing Association's (AIBA) champions and veterans committee
• The 37-year-old was voted to the post by AIBA’s board of directors on March 03, 2021.
• The committee was created in December 2020 by the world body as part of its reforms.
• Mary Kom was named for the position after voting by the AIBA’s board of directors.
• The committee consists of the most respected worldwide boxing veterans and champions who have achieved significant results and who are ready to share their experiences.

Additional Information 

• International Boxing Association (AIBA)
• The International Boxing Association (IBA), previously known as the Association Internationale de Boxe Amateur (AIBA)
• It is an independent sports organization
• Formation:  29–30 November 1946
• Headquarters: Lausanne, Switzerland
• President: Umar Nazarovich Kremlev

The correct answer is European Union.

Key Points

• The Euro
• Euro, monetary unit and currency of the European Union (EU).
• It was introduced as a noncash monetary unit in 1999, and currency notes and coins appeared in participating countries on January 1, 2002.
• After February 28, 2002, the euro became the sole currency of 12 EU member states, and their national currencies ceased to be legal tender.
• Other states subsequently adopted the currency. The euro is represented by the symbol €.
• The euro is the most tangible proof of European integration around 341 million people use it every day, making it the second most-used currency worldwide.
• The benefits of the common currency are immediately obvious to anyone travelling abroad or shopping online on websites based in another EU country.
• Currently, the euro (€) is the official currency of 19 out of 27 EU member countries which together constitute the Eurozone, officially called the euro area
• Although all EU countries are part of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), 19 of them have replaced their national currencies with the single currency, the euro.
• These EU countries form the euro area, also known as the eurozone.
• The countries are Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain.

Shortcut Trick

Work done in first 10 days = 10 × (1/30) = 1/3

Remaining work to be completed = 1 − 1/3 = 2/3

Remaining time available = 22 − 10 = 12 days

Daily share of work required = (2/3) ÷ 12 = 1/18

∴ The correct answer is 1/18.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total duration = 22 days

Daily work (Day 1 to 10) = 1/30

Calculations:

⇒ Total work done in the first 10 days = 10 × (1/30) = 1/3

⇒ Remaining work to be done = 1 − 1/3 = 2/3

⇒ Number of days remaining to finish the task = 22 − 10 = 12 days

⇒ Daily work share required for the remaining period = (Remaining Work) ÷ (Remaining Days)

⇒ Daily work share = (2/3) ÷ 12

⇒ Daily work share = 2 / (3 × 12)

⇒ Daily work share = 2 / 36 = 1/18

∴ The correct answer is 1/18.

Additional Information

Concept of Work Rate

The rate of work is defined as the amount of work completed per unit of time. If a person completes a task in 'n' days, their daily work rate is 1/n.

Work-Time Relation

Total Work = Time × Efficiency (or Rate). For multi-phase tasks, Total Work = Sum of (Rate_i × Time_i).

Remaining Work Calculation

When a fraction 'f' of work is completed, the remaining work is always (1 − f). This is crucial for planning resources to meet deadlines.

The correct answer is four.

Key Points

• Kautilya in Arthshastra has mentioned four sources of law.
• The Vedas, the Anvikshaki (the science of reasoning), the science of government, and the science of economics (Varta of agriculture, cattle, and trade).
• The  Arthashastra is an old Indian discourse on statecraft, economic policy, and military strategy, written in Sanskrit. It is one of the sources to learn about the history of the Mauryan Period.
• It had a wide influence on Sanskrit literature.
• Kautilya, also recognized as Vishnugupta and Chanakya, is traditionally credited as the author of the text.
• Arthashastra entails the science (sastra) of wealth/earth/polity (artha). 'Artha' however is a bit wider and an all-embracing term with different meanings.
• In a simple way, 'Arthashastra' can be explained as 'science and art of politics and diplomacy.
• This treatise is divided into sixteen books dealing with virtually every topic concerned with the running of a state, taxation, law, diplomacy, military strategy, economics, bureaucracy, etc.
• The book is a masterwork that includes an array of topics like statecraft, politics, strategy, selection, and training of employees, leadership skills, legal systems, accounting systems, taxation, fiscal policies, civil rules, internal and foreign trade, etc.
• Arthashastra backs rational ethics to the conduct of the affairs of the state.
• The emphasis is on the systematization of law and uniformity of law throughout the empire.
• Thus, it is clear that Chandragupta's advisor, Kautilya became very famous for his great text Arthashastra.

The correct answer is 382 persons/km2 .

Key Points

• As per the Census of India 2011, the population density of India was 382 per square km.
• The Indian Census is the most credible source of information on Demography (Population characteristics), Economic Activity, Literacy and Education, Housing Household Amenities, Urbanization, Fertility and Mortality, etc.
• Census 2011 was the 15th National Census of the Country.
• Census was introduced in India during the era of Lord Mayo in the year 1872. It came into force in 1881.
• This census was conducted under the guidance of Mr. C. Chandramouli.
• The slogan of census 2011 was ‘Our Census, Our future’.
• The population of the nation as per the provisional figures of Census 2011 was 1210.19 million of which 623.7 million (51.54%) were males and 586.46 million (48.46%) were females. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India its population is more than the population of Brazil.

The correct answer is Clay.

Key Points

• Clay soil particles are the finest in their size.
• Clay soils feel very sticky and roll like plasticine when wet.
• They can hold total water than most other soil types and, although only about half of this is available to plants, crops seldom suffer from drought.
• They swell when wet and shrink when dried, so a certain amount of restructuring can take place in these soils depending on weather conditions.
• They lie wet in winter and so stock should be taken off the land to avoid poaching (the compaction of soils by animals’ hooves).
• They are very late warming up in the spring because water heats up more slowly than mineral matter.
• They are normally fairly rich in potash but are deficient in phosphates.
• Clay soils usually need large infrequent dressings of lime.

Additional Information

• Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is defined by its grain size.
• Sand, soil, or mud that collects at the sides or on the bottom of a river.
• Pebble is a smooth round stone that is found in or near water.