RRC Group D Previous Year Paper 59 (Held On: 31 Oct 2018 Shift 2)

The correct answer is Satya Pal Malik.

• Satya Pal Malik was the 35th Governor of Bihar.
• Satya Pal Malik was governor of Bihar from 30 September 2017 to 23 August 2018.
• Phagu Chauhan is an Indian politician serving as the 29th and current Governor of Bihar since 2019.

Key Points

• The Governor’s appointment, his powers, and everything related to the office of Governor have been discussed under Article 153 to Article 162 of the Indian Constitution.
• The role of the Governor is quite similar to that of the President of India.
• Governor is the constitutional head of the state, bound by the advice of his council of ministers.
• Governor functions as a vital link between the Union Government and the State Government.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Telangana.

• The first Indian state to launch Single Women Pension Scheme in Telangana.

Key Points

• Telangana government on 4 June 2017 launched the single-women pension scheme across the state.
• Under the scheme, the state government would be given a pension of about Rs 1000 per month to single women on humanitarian grounds.
• While earlier, the government spent only Rs 800 crores on pensions to 29 lakh beneficiaries, now it would be spending Rs 5,600 Cr per annum and benefiting around 38 lakh people.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Football.

Key Points

• 'Bandodkar Gold Trophy' is associated with the sports of Football.
• The Bandodkar Gold Cup was made of pure gold weighing several kilos.
• The trophy was instituted in 1970, by then Chief Minister, the late Dayanand Bandodkar.
• The Bandodkar Gold Cup was one of the top football tournaments in business in that era.
• The tournament was disbanded in 1994, only to be revived some years back by the Association.

 Additional Information

The correct answer is Vinod Tawde.

• The Minister of Higher and Technical Education for the state of Maharashtra is Vinod Tawde.

Key Points

• Vinod Tawade is an Indian politician from Maharashtra and a senior leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
• In 1995, Vinod Tawde was first named as the Maharashtra General Secretary of the BJP and he served up to 1999.
• In 1999, Vinod Tawde was elected as the President of the Mumbai Metropolitan Unit of the BJP.

Additional Information

Figure D is embedded in the question figure as follows:

Hence, "option 1" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is CnH2n.

• Alkenes, unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a double bond between two carbon atoms, have a general formula, is CnH2n.

Key Points

• Alkenes contain carbon-carbon double bonds and are unsaturated hydrocarbons with the molecular formula is CnH2n.
• This is also the same molecular formula as cycloalkanes.

Additional Information

• General Properties of Alkenes:
• Physical state: The members containing two or four carbon atoms are gases, five to seventeen, liquids, eighteen onwards, solids at room temperature and they burn in air with a luminous smoky flame.
• Density: Alkenes are lighter than water.
• Solubility: Alkenes are insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents such as benzene etc.
• Boiling point: The boiling points of alkenes show a gradual increase with an increase in the molecular mass or chain length.

Important Points

The pattern followed here is:

• Figure 1 = Figure 3 = Figure 2 = minimum 2 lines
• ⇒ (1, 3, 2)
• Figure 5 = Figure 6 = Figure 4 = minimum 3 lines
• ⇒ (5, 6, 4)
• Figure 8 = Figure 7 = Figure 9 = minimum 4 lines
• ⇒ (8, 7, 9)

Hence, "option 2" is the correct answer.

The closest resemblance to the question figure is given below:-

• Water image of the given figure.

Hence, "option 2" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Lord Dalhousie.

• Lord Dalhousie who took over as the Governor-General in 1848 formulated a policy called Doctrine of Lapse.

Key Points

• The doctrine of Lapse was the policy devised by the Governor-General of the East India Company in India.
• This doctrine was based on the idea that in case a ruler of a dependent state died childless, the right of ruling over the state reverted or lapsed to the sovereign.
• According to this doctrine, if any Indian ruler dies without leaving a male heir, his kingdom would automatically pass over to the British.
• The Doctrine of Lapse was withdrawn by Lord Canning (1857-1861).

Additional Information 

The logic followed here is:-

Hence, "option 4" is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Net efficiency = (1/8 + 1/10 − 1/12) of the tank per hour.

LCM of 8, 10, and 12 is 120.

Net efficiency = (15 + 12 − 10)/120 = 17/120.

Time taken = 120/17 ≈ 7.05 hours.

Rounding to the nearest whole number as per options.

∴ The correct answer is 7 hours.

Alternate Method

Given: Filling time Tap A = 8 hours, Tap B = 10 hours, Emptying time Tap C = 12 hours.

Formula Used: Total Work = LCM of time; Efficiency = Work ÷ Time.

⇒ Combined Efficiency = 15 + 12 − 10 = 17 units/hour

⇒ Time required = Total Capacity ÷ Combined Efficiency

⇒ Time = 120 ÷ 17

⇒ Time ≈ 7.058 hours

⇒ Rounding to the nearest option, Time = 7 hours

∴ The correct answer is 7 hours.

Additional Information

Pipes and Cisterns Convention

Inlet pipes which fill the tank are taken as positive efficiency, while outlet/leakage pipes are taken as negative efficiency.

Net Rate Formula

If two pipes fill in x and y hours and one empties in z hours, the net part filled in 1 hour is (1/x + 1/y − 1/z).

The question is implicitly asking whether the government should allow new industries or not.

• Argument I suggests that the government should stop allowing new industries because they cause environmental pollution, however, it is not true. It cannot be claimed that all new industries will cause pollution. Thus, argument I is not strong.
• Argument II talks against stopping new industries, meaning that new industries should be allowed because they help in economic development. This is a valid and strong point. Thus, argument II is strong.

Hence the correct answer is option 2.

Calculation:

Only Rose = 20 - 6 = 14

Only Cinnamon = 40 - 14 - 6 = 20

Only Lemongrass = 30 - 14 - 6 = 10

According to the question,

Total = 14 + 20 + 10 = 44

∴ 44 bought only one fragrance

Shortcut Trick

Identify the perfect square trinomials within the expression.

x² + 4x + 4 is the square of (x + 2).

x² + 6x + 9 is the square of (x + 3).

Square root of [(x + 2)² × (x + 3)²] = (x + 2)(x + 3).

∴ The correct answer is (x + 2)(x + 3).

Alternate Method

Given: (x² + 4x + 4)(x² + 6x + 9)

Formula Used: (a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b² and √(A² × B²) = A × B

⇒ First term: x² + 4x + 4 = x² + 2(2)(x) + 2² = (x + 2)²

⇒ Second term: x² + 6x + 9 = x² + 2(3)(x) + 3² = (x + 3)²

⇒ Required Square Root = √[(x + 2)² × (x + 3)²]

⇒ Required Square Root = (x + 2)(x + 3)

∴ The correct answer is (x + 2)(x + 3).

Additional Information

Perfect Square Identity

An expression in the form a² + 2ab + b² can always be written as (a + b)², which simplifies finding square roots.

Factorization of Quadratics

For ax² + bx + c, if it is a perfect square, the discriminant D = b² − 4ac will always be zero.

Square Root of Products

The rule √(m × n) = √m × √n allows us to find the square root of each polynomial factor independently.

The correct answer is Lipstick under my burqa.

• Lipstick under my burqa won the Global Sustainability Film Award for India in London, 2017.

Key Points

• In London Lipstick Under My Burkha, which explores women's sexuality, has bagged a top prize at the time Global Sustainability Film Awards 2017.
• Lipstick Under My Burkha is produced by Prakash Jha and directed by Alankrita Shrivastava and stars Konkona SenSharma and Ratna Pathak Shah.
• The Founders Award for Sustainability on the Big Screen was introduced this year and sponsored by philanthropist Surina Narula.

Additional Information

Shortcut Trick

Work is directly proportional to the number of workers when time is constant.

Ratio of candles = 111 : 148 = 3 : 4

Since 3 units = 12 workers, then 1 unit = 4 workers.

For 4 units of work = 4 × 4 = 16 workers.

∴ The correct answer is 16 people.

Alternate Method

Given:

Initial workers (M₁) = 12

Initial candles (W₁) = 111

Final candles (W₂) = 148

Formula Used:

M₁D₁H₁ / W₁ = M₂D₂H₂ / W₂

Since time is the same, the formula reduces to: M₁ / W₁ = M₂ / W₂

Calculations:

⇒ 12 / 111 = M₂ / 148

⇒ M₂ = (12 × 148) / 111

⇒ M₂ = (12 × 4) / 3 (Dividing 148 and 111 by 37)

⇒ M₂ = 4 × 4

⇒ M₂ = 16

∴ The correct answer is 16 people.

Additional Information

Chain Rule in Time and Work

The general formula is (M × D × H × E) / W = Constant, where M is manpower, D is days, H is hours, E is efficiency, and W is work.

Direct Proportion

When the amount of work increases, the required number of workers also increases proportionally, provided time remains constant.

The correct answer is GM/R2

• Gravity is the force with which the earth attracts a body towards its centre.
• Acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity with respect to time.
• Acceleration is a vector quantity that is described as the frequency at which a body’s velocity changes.

Key Points 

• SI unit and Formula:
• The S.I unit for acceleration is meter per second square or m/s2.
• Mathematically acceleration is denoted as a= Change in velocity / Time taken.

Additional Information 

• The types of acceleration are:
• ​Uniform acceleration: When an object is travelling in a straight line with an increase in velocity at equal intervals of time, then the object is said to be in uniform acceleration. The free-falling of an object is an example of uniform acceleration.
• Non-uniform acceleration: When an object is travelling with an increase in velocity but not at equal intervals of time is known as non-uniform acceleration. Bus moving or leaving from the bus stop is an example of non-uniform acceleration.
• Instantaneous acceleration: The acceleration of an object at any instant of time is known as instantaneous acceleration.

The correct answer is Thick.

• The wall of the ventricle is Thick from the wall of the atrium.

Key Points

• Atrial walls are thinner compared to the thickness of ventricular walls. Moreover, embedded in the atrial wall is pacemaker of the heart.
• Atria of the heart are receiving chambers while ventricles pump the blood forcefully to all organs of the body. Hence muscle mass around ventricles is thickened compared to that around atria.
• The stimulus for rhythmic contraction of the heart originates inside the auricular wall due to the presence of the sinoatrial node.
• Moreover, the myocardium of both atria together form a functional syncytium and it remains completely separated from the ventricular myocardial syncytium.

The correct answer is Aluminium.

• In aluminium, the speed of sound is maximum at 25°C.

Key Points

• Out of the following, the speed of sound is maximum in Aluminium.
• The speed of sound in Aluminium at 25 deg Celsius is around 6420 m/s.
• The matter or substance through which sound is transmitted is called a medium. It can be solid, liquid, or gas.
• Sound is a mechanical wave and needs a material medium for its propagation. It cannot travel through a vacuum.

Sound travels at different speeds depending on what it is travelling through.

• Of the three mediums (gas, liquid, and solid) sound waves travel the slowest through gases, faster through liquids, and fastest through solids.
• Temperature also affects the speed of sound.
• For Example, at 0° Celcius, sound travels through air at 331 meters per second, but, at 20°C, room temperature, sound travels at 343 meters per second.

Shortcut Trick

For any triangle, the Area (A) = (1/2) × base × height.

Since the Area is constant for all sides: side₁ × h₁ = side₂ × h₂ = side₃ × h₃.

Ratio of heights (h₁ : h₂ : h₃) is the inverse ratio of the sides (1/s₁ : 1/s₂ : 1/s₃).

h₁ : h₂ : h₃ = 1/6 : 1/11 : 1/13 = (11 × 13) : (6 × 13) : (6 × 11) = 143 : 78 : 66.

∴ The correct answer is 143 : 78 : 66.

Alternate Method

Given: Sides of the triangle (a, b, c) are 6 cm, 11 cm, and 13 cm.

Formula Used: Area of Triangle = (1/2) × base × height ⇒ h = 2 × Area ÷ base

⇒ Let the area of the triangle be K.

⇒ h₁ = 2K/6, h₂ = 2K/11, h₃ = 2K/13

⇒ Ratio = h₁ : h₂ : h₃ = (2K/6) : (2K/11) : (2K/13)

⇒ Ratio = 1/6 : 1/11 : 1/13

⇒ To clear fractions, multiply by LCM(6, 11, 13) = 858.

⇒ h₁ = 858 ÷ 6 = 143

⇒ h₂ = 858 ÷ 11 = 78

⇒ h₃ = 858 ÷ 13 = 66

∴ The correct answer is 143 : 78 : 66.

Additional Information

Inverse Proportion in Triangles

In any triangle, the altitude (height) is inversely proportional to its corresponding base. If sides are a:b:c, heights are (1/a):(1/b):(1/c).

Heron's Formula

To find the actual area when three sides are given: Area = √[s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)], where s is the semi-perimeter (a+b+c)/2.

Triangle Inequality

For a triangle to exist, the sum of any two sides must be greater than the third side (6+11 > 13).

Given:

${√\frac{?} {3136} \space = \frac{1} {2}\space}\space$

Calculation:

Let the missing number be x

Squaring both sides we get,

⇒ (√x/3136)² = (1/2)²

⇒ x/3136 = 1/4

⇒ x = (3136/4)

⇒ x = 784

∴ The required value is 784

Shortcut Trick

Assume the Mean (A) is 45 mm.

Calculate the net deviation: (13 × −2) + (15 × −1) + (22 × 0) + (21 × 1) + (16 × 2) + (14 × 3) = −26 − 15 + 0 + 21 + 32 + 42 = 54.

Mean = A + (Net Deviation ÷ Total Frequency) = 45 + (54 ÷ 101) ≈ 45.5 mm.

∴ The correct answer is 45.5 mm.

Alternate Method

Given: The diameter (D) of 101 steel balls and their respective frequencies (f).

Formula: Arithmetic Mean (x̄) = Σ(f_i × D_i) ÷ Σf_i

⇒ Total Frequency (Σf_i) = 13 + 15 + 22 + 21 + 16 + 14 = 101

⇒ Sum of products (Σf_iD_i) = (43 × 13) + (44 × 15) + (45 × 22) + (46 × 21) + (47 × 16) + (48 × 14)

⇒ Σf_iD_i = 559 + 660 + 990 + 966 + 752 + 672 = 4599

⇒ Mean = 4599 ÷ 101 = 45.5346...

∴ The correct answer is 45.5 mm.

Additional Information

Arithmetic Mean

The average of a set of numerical values, calculated by dividing the sum of all values by the total number of observations. Formula: x̄ = Σx_i ÷ n.

Assumed Mean Method

A shortcut method to find the mean of a large dataset by assuming a central value (A) and calculating the mean of deviations (d). Formula: Mean = A + (Σfd ÷ Σf).

Weighted Average

An average where each observation is multiplied by a weight (or frequency) reflecting its importance. Formula: Σ(w_i × x_i) ÷ Σw_i.

The correct answer is 10A.

• Solution:
• Potential difference , V = 60.
• Current, I = 4A.
• By Ohms law.
• Resistance, R =  V/I
• 60 V/4A = 15 Ohms.
• When the potential difference is increased to 150V, the current drawn by the heater will be 
• I = V/R
• I = 150 V/ 15 Ohms
• 10 A.

Concept Used:  

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

$36 \div \frac{1} {4}$

⇒ 36 × 4/1

⇒ 144

∴ The required value is 144

The correct answer is 588 J.

Key Points

• Given,
• Mass, m = 10 kg.
• height, h = 6 m
• g = 9.8 ms^-2
• Potential energy = mgh
• = 10 x 6 x 9.8
• = 588 J.

Additional Information 

• Potential Energy:
• It is the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position.
• PE of a body in the gravitational field of the earth is mgh.
• where m = mass, g = acceleration due to gravity, h = height of the body from the surface of the earth.
• When a body is falling downwards, then its potential energy goes on changing to kinetic energy.

The logic followed here is:-

Similarly,

Hence, "option 4" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Dr Harsh Vardhan.

• Harsh Vardhan is the Union Minister of Environment and Climate Change (as of July 2018).

Key Points

• The Union Minister of Environment and Climate change was formed in 1947 and its headquarters is located in New Delhi.
• As of now the Union Minister of Environment and Climate Change is held by Bhupendra Yadav.
• The ministry is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programs in the country.

Additional Information

Shortcut Trick

For any right-angled triangle, the circumradius (R) is always half of the hypotenuse.

In the given triangle, the longest side is 12 cm, which is the hypotenuse.

Circumradius (R) = 12 ÷ 2 = 6 cm.

Area of circumscribed circle = π × R² = π × 6² = 36π cm².

∴ The correct answer is 36π cm².

Alternate Method

Given: Sides of the right-angled triangle are 8 cm, $\rm4\sqrt{5}$ cm, and 12 cm.

Formula Used: Area of circle = πr²; Circumradius of right triangle = Hypotenuse ÷ 2.

⇒ First, verify the hypotenuse: 8² + ($\rm4\sqrt{5}$)² = 64 + 80 = 144.

⇒ Since 12² = 144, the hypotenuse is 12 cm.

⇒ Circumradius (R) = Hypotenuse / 2 = 12 / 2 = 6 cm.

⇒ Area = π × (6)²

⇒ Area = 36π cm².

∴ The correct answer is 36π cm².

Additional Information

Inradius of Right Triangle

The radius (r) of the inscribed circle is calculated as r = (Perpendicular + Base − Hypotenuse) ÷ 2.

Circumcenter Location

In a right-angled triangle, the circumcenter always lies exactly at the midpoint of the hypotenuse.

Pythagorean Triplet

A set of three positive integers a, b, and c, such that a² + b² = c², forming the sides of a right triangle.

The correct answer is A, B, C, D.

• Potential energy, stored energy that depends upon the relative position of various parts of a system.
• Spring has more potential energy when it is compressed or stretched.
• A steel ball has more potential energy raised above the ground than it has after falling to Earth.

Key Points

• The term potential energy was introduced by the 19th-century Scottish engineer and physicist William Rankine, although it has links to Greek philosopher Aristotle's concept of potentiality.

Additional Information

The statement simply talks about all people loving Indian clothes.

• It does not talk about which types of clothes are available in the market, or Indian clothes being the only choice available. So, assumption I is not implicit.
• From the statement, nothing can be determined about people's opinion on any other type of clothes. Thus, assumption II is also not implicit.

Hence the correct answer is option 2.

The triangles are as follows:

The number of triangles is 7.

Hence, "option 3" is the correct answer.

An acid is any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance.

• In 1884, Svante Arrhenius attributed the properties of acidity to hydrogen ions (H+), later described as protons or hydrons.

Key Points

• Acids react with Bicarbonates to form Salt, Water and release Carbon Dioxide.
• Acid react with metal form salt with evolve of Hydrogen gas

Thus reacts with metals and bicarbonates to produce H₂O, CO₂ and salts is not true about acids.

Additional Information

• The properties of acids are:
• Acids are corrosive in nature.
• They are good conductors of electricity.
• Their pH values are always less than 7.
• When reacted with metals, these substances produce hydrogen gas.
• Acids are sour-tasting substances.

Important Points

The diagram is given below:-

• Ramani and Sandhya should be facing the opposite direction. Only then will they be facing each other.
• Therefore, Ramani has to rotate 90^º anticlockwise to face Sandhya.

Hence, "option 4" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Collenchyma.

Key Points

• In Collenchyma tissue, the cells are living, long and irregularly thickened at the ends.
• Collenchyma tissue is composed of elongated living cells of uneven primary thick walls, which possess hemicellulose, cellulose, and pectic materials.
• It provides support, structure, mechanical strength, and flexibility to the petiole, leaf veins, and stem of young plants, allowing for easy bending without breakage.
• Collenchyma tissue is found immediately under the epidermis, young stems, petioles, and leaf veins.

Additional Information 

Shortcut Trick

Using the Deviation Method: Assume the class average is 65.

Deviation for Boys (7 parts) = 65 − 65 = 0

Deviation for Girls (3 parts) = 72 − 65 = +7

Total deviation = 3 × 7 = +21

Average marks = Assumed Average + (Total deviation ÷ Total parts) = 65 + (21 ÷ 10) = 67.1

∴ The correct answer is 67.1.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of Boys : Girls = 7 : 3

Average marks of Boys = 65

Average marks of Girls = 72

Formula Used:

Combined Average = (n₁ × A₁ + n₂ × A₂) ÷ (n₁ + n₂)

Calculations:

⇒ Total marks of Boys = 7 × 65 = 455

⇒ Total marks of Girls = 3 × 72 = 216

⇒ Total marks of Class = 455 + 216 = 671

⇒ Total parts (students) = 7 + 3 = 10

⇒ Average marks of Whole Class = 671 ÷ 10 = 67.1

∴ The correct answer is 67.1.

Additional Information

Weighted Average

It is used when groups have different sizes. The formula is A_w = Σ(w_i × x_i) ÷ Σw_i, where w is the weight/ratio and x is the value.

Alligation Rule

The ratio of the quantities is the inverse ratio of the differences between the average values: (n₁ ÷ n₂) = (A₂ − A_avg) ÷ (A_avg − A₁).

Deviation Method Shortcut

Pick a base number (usually the smaller average), calculate the extra values from others, and divide that extra by the total count.

The correct answer is 5.

• 5 atoms are present in a molecule of Ca(OH)2.

Key Points

• Ca is 1 since there is no subscript and O and H each have 2 because the subscript 2 is outside the parenthesis.
• i.e. 1Ca+2O+2H = 5atoms

The logic followed here is as follows:

Hence, "option 1" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Mizo National Front.

Key Points

• Zoramthanga is led by Mizo National Front.
• Zoramthanga was born on 13 July 1944 is an Indian politician who is the Chief Minister of Mizoram.
• He is the president of the Mizo National Front (MNF) party. He had served as the Chief Minister of Mizoram from December 1998 to December 2008, for two consecutive terms.
• He joined the Mizoram Legislative Assembly as Minister of Finance and Education in 1987.
• In 1990, when Laldenga died, he became the President of the Mizo National Front.

Additional Information

• The Mizo National Front is a regional political party in Mizoram, India.
• The Mizo National Front was founded in 1961 by Laldenga.
• MNF emerged from the Mizo National Famine Front, which was formed by Pu Laldenga to protest against the inaction of the Indian central government towards the famine situation in the Mizo areas of the Assam state in 1959.

Important Points

The logic followed here is:-

Hot is the synonym of warm.

Similarly,

Antique is the synonym of Old.

Hence, "option 1" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Oscillatory.

• The speed of the boy sitting on the swing is Oscillatory.

Key Points

• A motion repeating itself is referred to as periodic or oscillatory motion. An object in such motion oscillates about an equilibrium position due to a restoring force or torque.

Additional Information

• Following are the examples of oscillatory motion:
• Series of oscillations are seen in the cosmological model.
• Alternating current is an electrical example of oscillatory motion.
• Movement of spring.
• Vibrating strings of musical instruments is a mechanical example of oscillatory motion.

Shortcut Trick

Total Investment = ₹ 1,00,000 + ₹ 1,50,000 = ₹ 2,50,000.

Total recovery percentage in Q1 and Q2 = 20% + 55% = 75%.

Remaining recovery percentage for Quarter 3 = 100% − 75% = 25%.

Amount in Quarter 3 = 25% of ₹ 2,50,000 = 2,50,000 ÷ 4 = ₹ 62,500.

∴ The correct answer is ₹ 62,500.

Alternate Method

Given:

Investment on Shop 1 = ₹ 1,00,000

Investment on Shop 2 = ₹ 1,50,000

Calculations:

⇒ Total Investment = 1,00,000 + 1,50,000 = ₹ 2,50,000

⇒ Recovery in Quarter 1 = 20% of 2,50,000 = 0.20 × 2,50,000 = ₹ 50,000

⇒ Recovery in Quarter 2 = 55% of 2,50,000 = 0.55 × 2,50,000 = ₹ 1,37,500

⇒ Total recovered in Q1 and Q2 = 50,000 + 1,37,500 = ₹ 1,87,500

⇒ Recovery in Quarter 3 = Total Investment − Total recovered

⇒ Recovery in Quarter 3 = 2,50,000 − 1,87,500 = ₹ 62,500

∴ The correct answer is ₹ 62,500.

Additional Information

Percentage Change

To find the percentage of a total value, use the formula: (Percentage / 100) × Total Value.

Successive Percentages

When multiple percentages are applied to the same base, they can be added directly if they represent parts of the same whole: Total % = P₁ + P₂ + ... + P_n.

Complementary Percentage

If certain parts are given, the remaining part is calculated as: Remaining % = 100% − (Sum of given percentages).

1. T2, T1 is longer than T3

• T2, T1 > T3
• Here, we can say that the longest rod is either T1 or T2 but it is no definite information. Therefore, statement 1 alone is not sufficient.

2. T2 is an iron rod.

• No information is given about the size of rods T1, T2, and T3. Therefore, statement 2 alone is not sufficient.

Here, statements 1 and 2 are not sufficient to answer.

Hence, "option 2" is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

When a father says he was as old as the son is now at the time of the son's birth, the father is exactly twice as old as the son.

Son's present age = Father's present age ÷ 2

⇒ 40 ÷ 2 = 20 years.

Son's age 5 years ago = 20 − 5 = 15 years.

∴ The correct answer is 15 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Present age of Father = 40 years.

Let the Son's present age be x years.

Calculations:

⇒ Age of father at son's birth = Father's present age − Son's present age

⇒ Age of father at son's birth = 40 − x

⇒ According to the question: 40 − x = x

⇒ 2x = 40

⇒ x = 20 years (Present age of son)

⇒ Son's age 5 years ago = 20 − 5

⇒ Son's age 5 years ago = 15 years

∴ The correct answer is 15 years.

Additional Information

Age Difference Constant

The difference between the ages of two people remains constant throughout their lives, regardless of how many years pass.

Ratio of Ages

If the ratio of ages of A and B is a:b, then after 'n' years, the ratio becomes (a×k + n) : (b×k + n).

Double Age Logic

If a person is twice as old as another, the age difference between them is equal to the younger person's age.

The correct answer is 

• August 2018, Pradeep Singh Kharola is the current Chairman and Managing Director of Air India.
• As of now the current Chairman and Managing Director of Air India is Rajiv Bansal.

Key Points

• Air India was founded on 15 October 1932 and its headquarter is located in Delhi.
• Air India had its origin as Tata Air Services later renamed to Tata Airlines founded by J. R. D. Tata of Tata Sons, an Indian aviator, and business tycoon.
• On 15 October 1932, Tata flew a Puss Moth carrying air mail from Karachi to Bombay.
• After World War II, regular commercial service was restored in India and Tata Airlines became a public limited company on 29 July 1946 under the name Air India.
• After Indian independence in 1947, 49% of the airline was acquired by the Government of India in 1948.

Calculation:

36% of 325

⇒ 36/100 × 325

⇒ (9 × 13)

⇒ 117

∴ The required value is 117

The correct answer is 1.

Key Points

• At an instant, the acceleration of a rocket is proportional to the nth power of the velocity of exhaust gases. The value of n here is 1.
• If the gases are expelled at velocity v, then the rate of change in linear momentum is equal to mv where m is the mass of the gases.
• Now the equal and opposite force is experienced on the rocket. If the force experienced by a rocket of mass M is F then the acceleration is M x a.
• Now the forces are equal and opposite hence by using the two-equation, F = mv or M x a = M x v.
• Hence from this equation the acceleration is directly proportional to the first power of velocity.

The correct answer is Shirdi.

• Shirdi is a religious city located in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

Key Points

• Shirdi is famously known as the home of the late 19th-century saint Shri Sai Baba.
• Sai Baba visited Shirdi when he was 16 years old and stayed there until he died in 1918.
• The Shri Saibaba Sansthan Trust located in Shirdi is one of the richest temple organizations.
• Shirdi has an average literacy rate of 70%, higher than the national average of 59.5%.
• Male literacy is 76%, and female literacy is 62%. In Shirdi, 15% of the population is under six years of age.

Additional Information

The triangles are as follows:

• The number of triangles is 10.

Hence, "option 3" is the correct answer.

According to the given pie chart,

20% of the total expenses is in Binding

50000 × 20/100

⇒ Rs. 10000

∴ The binding cost is Rs. 10000

Shortcut Trick

Simplify both terms by extracting the largest perfect square factors: 50 = 25 × 2 and 128 = 64 × 2.

√50 + √128 → 5√2 + 8√2 = 13√2.

To find N, move the coefficient back inside the square root: √N = √(13² × 2).

N = 169 × 2 = 338.

∴ The correct answer is 338.

Alternate Method

Given: √50 + √128 = √N

Formula Used: √(a² × b) = a√b

⇒ √(25 × 2) + √(64 × 2) = √N

⇒ (5 × √2) + (8 × √2) = √N

⇒ (5 + 8)√2 = √N

⇒ 13√2 = √N

Squaring both sides to find N:

⇒ (13√2)² = (√N)²

⇒ 13² × (√2)² = N

⇒ 169 × 2 = N

⇒ N = 338

∴ The correct answer is 338.

Additional Information

Simplifying Surds

A surd is simplified by identifying the largest perfect square factor of the radicand and applying √(x × y) = √x × √y.

Like Surds

Surds that have the same irrational factor are called like surds. Only like surds can be combined through addition or subtraction.

Squaring Rule

When squaring an expression of the form a√b, the result is always a² × b.

The correct answer is Amphibian.

• Amphibian classes, animals lack scales and have mucous glands in the skin.

Key Points

• Amphibians are cold-blooded vertebrates (vertebrates have backbones) that don’t have scales. They live part of their lives in water and part on land.
• These animals are born with gills, and while some outgrow them as they transform into adults, others retain them for their entire lives.
• Amphibians are the most threatened class of animals in nature. They are extremely susceptible to environmental threats because of their porous eggs and semipermeable skin.

Additional Information

​ 

Important Points

Shortcut Trick

Total Cost Price (CP) = 200 + 600 = 800.

Profit on 1^st article = 30% of 200 = 60.

Remaining profit needed for 2^nd article = Total Profit − Profit₁ = 300 − 60 = 240.

Profit % on 2^nd article = (Profit₂ ÷ CP₂) × 100 = (240 ÷ 600) × 100 = 40%.

∴ The correct answer is 40%.

Alternate Method

Given → CP₁ = 200, CP₂ = 600, Total Profit = 300, P₁% = 30%. Formulas: Profit = (Profit% × CP) ÷ 100 | Profit% = (Profit ÷ CP) × 100

⇒ Profit from first article = 30% of 200 = (30 ÷ 100) × 200 = 60. ⇒ Total Profit = Profit₁ + Profit₂. ⇒ 300 = 60 + Profit₂. ⇒ Profit₂ = 300 − 60 = 240. ⇒ Profit% for second article = (240 ÷ 600) × 100. ⇒ Profit% = 40%.

∴ The correct answer is 40%.

Additional Information

Profit Calculation

Profit is always calculated on the Cost Price unless stated otherwise. Profit = Selling Price − Cost Price.

Total Profit Percentage

Overall Profit% = (Total Profit ÷ Total CP) × 100. In this case, (300 ÷ 800) × 100 = 37.5%.

The correct answer is Telangana.

Key Points

• The Manjira Crocodile Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in Medak district Telangana state.
• ​The Manjira sanctuary is situated along the mighty river Manjeera.
• The Manjira sanctuary was established in June 1978.
• In 1974, the mugger crocodile had reached the threshold of extinction in Telangana, with only four pairs of mugger crocodiles remaining in the Manjira wildlife sanctuary.
• Today there are approximately 400 to 600 crocodiles in the sanctuary helped by a crocodile breeding program that is carried out here.

Additional Information

When it is folded on the dotted line, pattern will be the same as that of the transparent sheet given below:-

Hence, "option 2" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:-

Enough is the synonym of contentment.

Similarly,

Feel is the synonym of sense.

Hence, "option 1" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 1420.

Key Points

• Niccolo Conti visited Vijayanagara in 1420 AD during the reign of Devaraya I.
• Niccolo Conti was an Italian merchant, explorer, and writer. Born in Chioggia, he traveled to India and Southeast Asia, and possibly to Southern China, during the early 15th century.
• The first printed edition of de' Conti's account was made in 1492 in the original Latin by Cristoforo da Bollate and dedicated to Pietro Cara, who was going on a journey to India.

Additional Information

• Vijayanagara Empire:
• The Vijayanagara Empire was founded by Harihara and Bukka and the reign was from 1336 A.D to 1646 A.D.
• The V**ijayanagar empire'**s capital city was Hampi.
• Vijayanagar Empire was ruled by four important dynasties and they are:
• Sangama.
• Saluva.
• Tuluva.
• Aravidu.

Important Points

• Temples Built during Vijaynagara Empire are:

The correct answer is Magnesium Hydroxide.

• Magnesium Hydroxide is used as an Antacid.

Key Points

• An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion, or an upset stomach.
• Some antacids have been used in the treatment of constipation and diarrhea.
• Antacids are over-the-counter (OTC) medications that help neutralize stomach acid.
• They work differently from other acid reducers such as H2 receptor blockers and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Those drugs work by reducing or preventing the secretion of stomach acid.

Additional Information

• Antacids can be used to treat symptoms of excess stomach acid, such as:
• Acid reflux: which can include regurgitation, bitter taste, persistent dry cough, pain when lying down, and trouble swallowing.
• Heartburn: which is a burning sensation in your chest or throat caused by acid reflux.
• Indigestion: which is a pain in your upper gut that can feel like gas or bloating.

Important Points

• Antacids usually come in the following drug forms: 
• Liquid.
• Chewable gummy or tablet.
• A tablet that you dissolve in water to drink.

NOTE:- 

Al(OH)₃ isnn also used for the same purpose but answer is according to official Answer key.

The correct answer is Testosterone.

• Testosterone causes changes in the appearance seen in boys at the time of puberty.
• Puberty is the process of physical changes through which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction.

Key Points

• For guys, these hormones travel through the blood and give the testes the signal to begin the production of testosterone and sperm.
• Testosterone is the hormone that causes most of the changes in a guy's body during puberty.
• Sex hormones are chemical substances produced by sex organs.
• For example, Testosterone is the male sex hormone produced by the testis, and estrogen is the female sex hormone produced by the ovary. These hormones affect the sexual features of an organism.

Additional Information

• Functions of sex hormones:
• Testosterone: This hormone brings about secondary sex characters in boys such as the growth of a beard, the voice becoming hoarse, development of reproductive organs, etc.
• Oestrogen: This hormone is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characters in females such as the enlargement of breasts, development of female reproductive organs, etc.

Important Points 

The correct answer is Ohm.

• The SI unit of resistance is **Ohm.**​

Key Points

• Resistance is a measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit.
• Resistance is measured in ohm, symbolized by the Greek letter omega (Ω).
• Ohms are named after Georg Simon Ohm (1784-1854), a German physicist who studied the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.
• The resistance formula is as follows:
• Resistance = voltage drop across a resistor/ current flowing through a resistor. R = \frac{V}{I} R = resistance (Ohms, Ω).

Additional Information 

The correct answer is 13.5 Mole.

• 13.50 Moles are present in 54g of He.

Key Points

• A number of grams of Helium (He) = 54 gm.
• Molecular mass is the sum of total protons and neutrons.
• The molecular mass of Helium = 2 x 2 = 4.
• Now multiply the mass with a number of elements we get = 4 x 1 = 4.
• One mole is equal to the total mass of the molecule.
• We know one mole is equal to 4 gm of Glucose molecule.
• Now a number of moles in 54 gm of Helium is (n) = 54/4 n = 13.5 moles.
• The number of moles in 54 gm is 13.5 moles.

Additional Information

• Helium is a chemical element with the symbol He and atomic number 2.
• It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas, the first in the noble gas group in the periodic table.
• Its boiling and melting point are the lowest among all the elements.

The correct answer is 100 J.

Key Points

 If

• Force = 10 N and
• distance = 10 m
• then the work done by the force will be 100 J.
• Here the unit of work is Newton- metre (Nm) or joule (J).
• 100 Joule is the amount of work done on an object when a force of 10 N replaces it by 10 metre with the line of action of the force.
• The work done by a force can be either zero or negative or positive.
• Hence, 100 Joule is the amount of work done when a body moves under a force of in a distance of 10 metre in the direction of the force.

The correct answer is 99%.

• 99% of the share of Government of India in NABARD.

Key Points

• The Committee was formed on 30 March 1979, under the Chairmanship of Shri B. Sivaraman, a former member of the Planning Commission, Government of India.
• National Bank For Agriculture & Rural Development (NABARD) is set up as an apex Development Bank by the Government of India with a mandate for facilitating credit flow for promotion and development of agriculture, cottage, and village industries.
• The NABARD its headquarters is located in Mumbai. And its agency executive (Chairperson) is Harsh Kumar Bhanwala.

Additional Information

• Key Achievements of NABARD are:
• Provision of refinances support.
• Improving rural infrastructure.
• Preparation of credit plans at a district level and encouraging banks to achieve these targets.
• Supervision of Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) and Cooperative Banks.
• Development of sound banking practices within the economically backward sections of India.
• NABARD has designed the Kisan Credit Card that has benefitted crores of farmers in the country.

Shortcut Trick

Let the speed of the train be S km/h.

Since the train and persons move in the same direction, relative speeds are (S − 2) and (S − 4).

Distance (Length) is constant: (S − 2) × 9 = (S − 4) × 10 ⇒ 9S − 18 = 10S − 40 ⇒ S = 22 km/h.

Length = (22 − 2) × (5/18) × 9 = 20 × (5/18) × 9 = 50 m.

∴ The correct answer is 22 km/h, 50 m.

Alternate Method

Given: Speed of Person 1 = 2 km/h, Time 1 = 9 s; Speed of Person 2 = 4 km/h, Time 2 = 10 s.

Formula Used: Distance = Relative Speed × Time

⇒ Let Train Speed = S km/h and Length = L m.

⇒ L = (S − 2) × (5/18) × 9 --- (i)

⇒ L = (S − 4) × (5/18) × 10 --- (ii)

⇒ (S − 2) × 9 = (S − 4) × 10

⇒ 9S − 18 = 10S − 40

⇒ S = 22 km/h

⇒ L = (22 − 2) × (5/18) × 9 = 20 × 5/2 = 50 m

∴ The correct answer is 22 km/h, 50 m.

Additional Information

Relative Speed

When two objects move in the same direction, relative speed = S₁ − S₂. When they move in opposite directions, relative speed = S₁ + S₂.

Unit Conversion

To convert km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

Train Crossing Objects

When a train crosses a pole or person, distance = length of train. When it crosses a platform or bridge, distance = length of train + length of platform.

The statement highlights the problem of wide-ranged cheating in colleges and its effect.

• The statement suggests that copying in colleges has resulted in poor quality of students at the higher education level. This implies that such malpractices have an effect on the quality of students opting for higher education. Thus, conclusion I follows.
• The statement implies the effect of copying on the quality of higher education. Therefore, it also means that there is a necessity to take some measures to tackle the situation. Thus, Conclusion II also follows.

Hence the correct answer is option 3.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of principal parts P₁ : P₂ = 1 / (R₁ × T₁) : 1 / (R₂ × T₂)

P₁ : P₂ = 1 / (10 × 3) : 1 / (9 × 4) = 1/30 : 1/36

Multiplying by 180 (LCM of 30 and 36), the ratio becomes 6 : 5.

Total units = 6 + 5 = 11 units → ₹6,600, so 1 unit = ₹600.

P₁ = 6 × 600 = ₹3,600 and P₂ = 5 × 600 = ₹3,000.

∴ The correct answer is ₹3600, ₹3000.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total Sum = ₹6,600

Part 1: Rate (R₁) = 10%, Time (T₁) = 3 years

Part 2: Rate (R₂) = 9%, Time (T₂) = 4 years

Formula Used:

Simple Interest (SI) = (P × R × T) / 100

Let the first part be P₁ and the second part be P₂.

⇒ (P₁ × 10 × 3) / 100 = (P₂ × 9 × 4) / 100

⇒ 30 × P₁ = 36 × P₂

⇒ P₁ / P₂ = 36 / 30 = 6 / 5

⇒ Let P₁ = 6x and P₂ = 5x

⇒ 6x + 5x = 6,600

⇒ 11x = 6,600 ⇒ x = 600

⇒ P₁ = 6 × 600 = ₹3,600

⇒ P₂ = 5 × 600 = ₹3,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹3600, ₹3000.

Additional Information

Simple Interest Concept

Simple Interest is calculated only on the Principal amount for the entire duration. Formula: SI = (P × R × T) / 100.

Inverse Ratio Rule

When interests are equal for different parts, the Principal amounts are in the inverse ratio of the product of Rate and Time: P₁ : P₂ : P₃ = (1/R₁T₁) : (1/R₂T₂) : (1/R₃T₃).

Amount Calculation

Total Amount (A) is the sum of Principal and Simple Interest: A = P + SI.

The logic followed here is:-

• The circle moves in the clockwise direction
• top right to bottom right,
• then bottom right to bottom left,
• then bottom left to top left and
• then top left to top right.
• The square moves in the anticlockwise direction
• bottom right to middle right,
• then middle right to top right,
• then top right to top middle and
• top middle to top left.

Hence, "option 1" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Sheffield Football Club

• The first football club in the world, which was established in England in 1857, was Sheffield Football Club.

Key Points

• Two members, Nathaniel Creswick and William Prest formed the Sheffield Football Club.
• The inaugural meeting of the club took place on 24 October 1857 at Parkfield House in the suburb of Highfield in Sheffield.
• Creswick and Prest were responsible for drawing up the club’s rules of play, which were decided upon at the club’s AGM on 21 October 1858, and published the following year.
• On 2 January 1865, the club played its first fixture outside Sheffield against Nottingham playing eighteen-a-side under Nottingham Rules.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 78°C.

• The boiling point of ethanol is 78°C.

Key Points

• Ethanol is a renewable fuel made from corn and other plant materials.
• The most common blend of ethanol is E10 (10% ethanol, 90% gasoline).
• Ethanol is also available as E85 (or flex fuel) a high-level ethanol blend containing 51% to 83% ethanol, depending on geography and season for use in flexible fuel vehicles.
• It is simple alcohol with the chemical formula C₂H₆O. Its formula can be also written as CH ₃−CH ₂−OH or C ₂H ₅OH and is often abbreviated as EtOH.

Additional Information

Shortcut Trick

Using the product formula of numbers:

Other number = (L.C.M. × H.C.F.) ÷ Given number

Other number = (68 × 5) ÷ 20 = 340 ÷ 20 = 17

∴ The correct answer is 17.

Alternate Method

Given:

⇒ L.C.M. = 68

⇒ H.C.F. = 5

⇒ First number (A) = 20

Formula used:

⇒ Product of two numbers = L.C.M. × H.C.F.

⇒ A × B = L.C.M. × H.C.F.

Calculations:

Let the second number be B.

⇒ 20 × B = 68 × 5

⇒ 20 × B = 340

⇒ B = 340 ÷ 20

⇒ B = 17

∴ The correct answer is 17.

Additional Information

Product of Numbers Property

For any two positive integers a and b, H.C.F.(a, b) × L.C.M.(a, b) = a × b.

Co-prime Numbers Relationship

If two numbers are co-prime, their H.C.F. is always 1, and their L.C.M. is equal to their product.

The correct answer is 15 January.

• On 15th January the National Army Day was observed in India.

Key Points

• Army Day is celebrated on 15 January every year in India, in recognition of Field Marshal Kodandera M.
• On 15 January 2021, India celebrated its 73rd Indian Army Day in New Delhi.
• Gallantry awards and Sena medals are also awarded on this day.

Additional Information

• The Indian Army was founded almost 126 years ago by the British on April 1, 1895.
• The Indian army was established on 1st April, but Army Day in India is celebrated on 15th January.
• Field Marshal K. M.  Cariappa became the first Indian Army Chief of Independent India on 15 January 1949.
• The transfer of power of the army in the hands of an Indian citizen on 15 January is marked as Army day in the country.
• Cariappa led the Indian Army on the western border in the Indo-Pak war in 1947.

Shortcut Trick

In a proportion, the product of the means equals the product of the extremes.

Logic: 5 × 27 = 9 × x

⇒ x = (5 × 27) ÷ 9 = 5 × 3 = 15

∴ The correct answer is 15.

Alternate Method

Given: 5 : 9 : : x : 27

Formula Used: Product of Extremes = Product of Means (a × d = b × c)

⇒ 5 / 9 = x / 27

⇒ x = (5 × 27) / 9

⇒ x = 5 × 3

⇒ x = 15

∴ The correct answer is 15.

Additional Information

Fourth Proportional

If four quantities a, b, c, and d are in proportion (a:b :: c:d), then d is called the fourth proportional to a, b, and c.

Mean Proportional

The mean proportional between two numbers a and b is given by √(a × b).

Third Proportional

If a, b, and c are in continued proportion (a:b :: b:c), then c is the third proportional where c = b² / a.

Shortcut Trick

Volume of a cube is proportional to the cube of its side (s³).

If the side is doubled (2 times), the volume increases by (2)³ times.

New Volume = 8 × Original Volume = 8V.

∴ The correct answer is 8V.

Alternate Method

Given: Original side = s, Original volume = V.

Formula Used: Volume of a cube = (side)³

⇒ V = s³

⇒ New side (s') = 2s

⇒ New Volume (V') = (s')³ = (2s)³

⇒ V' = 8 × s³

⇒ V' = 8V

∴ The correct answer is 8V.

Additional Information

Total Surface Area of a Cube

The total surface area (TSA) is given by 6 × s². If the side is doubled, the area becomes 4 times.

Diagonal of a Cube

The length of the longest diagonal of a cube is √3 × s.

Lateral Surface Area

The area of the four vertical faces is given by 4 × s².

The statement makes a suggestion to walk barefoot on grass, highlighting that it is good for health.

• Argument I agrees to this point and further adds that walking on grass is good because it gives energy from the earth. It points out the benefits. Thus, Argument I is strong.
• Argument II disagrees with the given statement, but it does not make a valid point to justify the disagreement. Having other ways to create good health need not imply that we need to reject this way. Thus, argument II is not strong.

Hence the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is Beyond C​.

Key Points

• A concave mirror is a type of spherical mirror in which, the reflecting surface is the inner curved surface of the sphere.
• The incident light is reflected inwards because of its shape. Thus, such mirrors are also called converging mirrors.
• A concave mirror forms different images which depend on the distance between the object and the mirror.
• In a concave mirror, the object should be placed beyond C to obtain a real ​inverted and smaller image between C and F.

Additional Information

• Ray diagram:

Given:

30% number is more than 240

Calculation:

According to the question

⇒240 + (240 × 30/100)

⇒ 240 + 72

⇒ 312

∴ The required number is 312

The logic followed here is:-

One line became two line which is given below:-

Two lines became  one line and one star which is given below:-

one line and one star became  two lines and one star which is given below:-

Two lines and one star became  one line and two stars which is given below:-

One line and two stars became  two lines and two stars which is given below:-

Hence, "option 1" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Santoor.

• Santoor is known as Shattantri Veena in Sanskrit text and has 72 strings.

Key Points

• The santoor is a trapezoid-shaped hammered dulcimer or string musical instrument made of walnut, with seventy-two strings.
• It is the national musical instrument of Iran and is also native to Jammu and Kashmir.
• It dates back to ancient times and was called Shatha Tantri Veena in ancient Sanskrit texts.
• A primitive ancestor of this type of instrument was used in Mesopotamia (1600-911 BC) and Babylonia.

Additional Information 

Important Points 

The correct answer is 33.

• The electronic configuration of an element is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3. 33 will be the atomic number of the element just below the said element in the periodic table.

Key Points

• The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.
• The atomic number of the above element is 2+2+6+2+3=15.
• The atomic number of the element below the given element is 15+18=33.

The correct answer is Nidhi Chanani.

• The author of Pashmina, the compassionate story of an Indian American girl was Nidhi Chanani.

Key Points

• Nidhi Chanani was born in 1980 in Kolkata.
• Her debut graphic novel Pashmina was released by First Second Books in October 2017.
• Awards of Nidhi Chanani are:
• In 2012 White House Champion of Change.
• In 2017 Virginia Library Association Graphic novel Diversity Award in the youth category.
• In 2018 South Asia Book Award Honor (Grade 3-6).

Additional Information 

Calculation:

⇒ √1296 = (?)²

⇒ 36 = (?)²

⇒ 6 = ?

∴ The value of ? is 6

The least possible Venn diagram is as follows:

Conclusion:

I. All blue being yellow is a possibility. → True (All blue is red, no red is green, all green are yellow then we can say that all blue being yellow is a possibility is true.)

The possibility diagram is as follows:

• here we can see that all blue can be yellow

II. No blue is yellow. → False (it is possible but not definite.)

Hence, "option 1" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Hydra.

Key Points

• Hydra can reproduce by the process of regeneration and budding.
• ​Hydra is a small freshwater organism. They are native to temperate and tropical regions.
• When the food is plentiful the asexual reproduction occurs in hydra.
• The process is done by producing buds in the body wall. It grows as a mini form of adult and breaks apart when gets mature.
• Hydra goes through tissue regeneration when injured. If the hydra is cut in half, each part will regenerate as a whole new hydra. This regeneration occurs without the cell division process.

Additional Information

• Yeast:
• While most yeasts reproduce by budding, some also reproduce by fission.
• Plasmodium:
• Plasmodium reproduces both by sexual and asexual methods.
• Planaria:
• Planaria reproduces by methods like fragmentation and spontaneous dropping tails.
• Amoeba:
• An amoeba often called an amoeboid, is a type of cell or unicellular organism which has the ability to alter its shape, primarily by extending and retracting pseudopods.

Important Points

Structure of Hydra: