BPSC AE Paper 1 (General English) 2012 Official Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., No Error.

The sentence is free from any grammatical errors.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., No Error.

The given sentence is free from any grammatical errors.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., part A.

• Part A uses the prepositions 'Despite of', which is incorrect.
• Despite- without being affected by; in spite of.
• For e.g. The classes are happening despite the heavy rainfall.
• Whenever 'Despite' is used, it means 'in spite of', so there is no need to use additional preposition 'of' here.

The correct sentence is: Despite the difficulties Rehman pursued his goal diligently.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., part C.

• Part C uses the incorrect preposition 'in'.
• In- inside or surrounded by something. e.g. The apple is in the bag.
• Given the context of 'sitting', one does not sit 'inside' a chair but rather sits 'on' it.
• So, the correct preposition here should be 'on'.
• On- physically in contact with and supported by. e.g. The apple is on the table.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: Which of these chairs did you sit on?

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., part B.

• Part B uses the incorrect conjunction 'when'.
• When- at what time; in what circumstances.
• e.g. The thief came when there was nobody around.
• When shows a general indication of time, which is incorrect here, given the context.
• Since the sentence talks about a particular time, or duration (the duration of thief entering the house); the correct conjunction must mean 'during'.
• So, the correct conjunction here could be 'while', which means during the time that; at the same time as.
• e.g. The thief came while the guard was sleeping.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: The thief was caught while entering the empty house.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., part C.

• Part C uses the incorrect preposition 'through'.
• Through- from beginning to end of (an experience, typically a stressful one).
• e.g. He is going through a tough phase in his career.
• This is not correct in the context of the sentence, which talks about recovering.
• The correct preposition here must be 'from', which indicates the source of something.
• e.g. He has recovered from a tough phase in his career.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: He has recovered quite well from his illness.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., part C.

• Part C uses the incorrect preposition 'from'.
• As per the context, one asks 'for' something and not 'from' something.
• So, the correct preposition here must be 'for'.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: Here is the watch that you asked for.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., part B.

• Part B uses the incorrect preposition 'in'.
• Given the context, the correct preposition here should be 'on'.
• Using the preposition 'on' also forms the phrase 'on behalf of'.
• On behalf of- done for another person's benefit or support, or as a representative of the interests of someone.
• e.g. I am speaking on behalf of my people.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: He died fighting on behalf of his country.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., No Error.

The given sentence is free from any grammatical errors.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., part A.

• Part A uses the preposition 'through', which is incorrect here.
• The correct preposition here should be 'by', which makes the phrase 'by virtue of'.
• By virtue of- because or as a result of.
• e.g. He achieved excellence by virtue of his merit.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: By virtue of the power vested in the President she dissolved the Parliament.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., part C.

• Part C uses the preposition 'on', making the phrase 'on the course of', which is incorrect.
• The correct preposition here must be 'in', which makes the phrase 'in the course of'.
• In the course of- undergoing the specified process; during the specified period or activity.
• e.g. He met a variety of people in the course of his life.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: Heena realized her mistake in the course of time.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., part A.

• Part A uses the incorrect phrase 'if in case of'.
• The correct phrase is 'in case of' something.
• In case of- in the event of (a particular situation).
• e.g. In case of fire, use the emergency exit window.
• The phrase 'in case of' includes the 'future possibility' of something; in which case something else is to be done.
• So, the conditional conjunction 'if', showing a possibility, is redundant here.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: In case of an emergency, ring out toll free number.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., No Error.

The given sentence is free from any grammatical errors.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., No Error.

The given sentence is free from grammatical errors.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., part B.

• Part B uses the incorrect adverb form 'accordingly'.
• An adverb refers to the adjective/verb and gives more information about it.
• Here, the word 'accordingly' refers to the verb 'acted'; but it is also used with the preposition 'to'.
• So, the correct form of the adverb here is 'according'.
• e.g. Act according to his wishes. OR These are his wishes; act accordingly.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: Rima acted according to her mother's instructions.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., part B.

• Part B uses the incorrect preposition 'for', making the phrase 'for favour of', which is incorrect.
• The correct preposition here should be 'in'; which forms the correct phrase 'in favour of'.
• In favour of- to be replaced by; in support or to the advantage of.
• e.g. He gave up his inheritance in favour of his little sister.
• To abdicate- (of a monarch) renounce one's throne.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: The king abdicated the throne in favour of his brother.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., part A.

• Part A uses the present perfect verb 'has been', which is incorrect here.
• The sentence talks about the existence of a big tree in the garden, so it represents a fact.
• In this case, the correct tense is the simple present or simple past tense, showing the existence of something in the present or past.
• So, the correct verb here would be 'there is/was'.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: There is/was a big tree in our garden.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., part C.

Key Points:- 

• Part C uses the incorrect preposition 'for'.
• For- shows the purpose of something. e.g. He wants chocolates for his niece.
• Here, 'for' does not reflect the meaning intended by 'the cinema', which means the cinema theater here.
• The correct preposition here must be 'to' the cinema.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: Will you come with us to the cinema?

Hinglish

• भाग सी गलत पूर्वसर्ग(preposition) 'for' का उपयोग करता है।
• For - किसी चीज का उद्देश्य दिखाता है। जैसे - He wants chocolates for his niece.
• यहां, 'for' 'the cinema' द्वारा इच्छित अर्थ को प्रतिबिंबित नहीं करता है, जिसका अर्थ यहां सिनेमा थियेटर है।
• यहां सही पूर्वसर्ग(preposition)​ 'to' सिनेमा होना चाहिए।

इस प्रकार, सुधारा वाक्य है:  Will you come with us to the cinema?

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., part A.

Explanation:

• Part A uses the incorrect preposition 'with', making the phrase 'with means of'.
• The correct preposition here should be 'By', which forms the correct phrase 'By means of'.
• By means of- with the help of; by using.
  

 Example-  I helped him escape by means of the air ducts.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: By means of rope ladders, they scaled the wall.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., No error.

• The sentence is free from any grammatical errors.
• By way of- via; constituting; as a form of.
• e.g. I gave him my flower, by way of an apology.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., No improvement.

• The sentence uses the phrase 'right now', which is grammatically correct.
• Right now- at this instant; right away.
• None of the given options can improve the sentence.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., No improvement.

• The sentence uses the phrase 'from morning till night', which is correct and requires no improvement.
• From...till - used to indicate the duration from a beginning to an end point.
• None of the given options can improve the underlined phrase.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., needs to be.

• The sentence uses the incorrect plural verb 'need to be'.
• Furniture- the movable articles that are used to make a room or building suitable for living or working in, such as tables, chairs, or desks.
• Furniture is an uncountable noun. i.e., it refers to an abstract idea of something rather than a specific object.
• So, when using plural for furniture, we say pieces of furniture and not furnitures.
• Rule: Uncountable nouns are always used with a singular verb. e.g. water, knowledge etc.
• So, the correct verb here must be the singular 'needs to be'.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: All the furniture needs to be shifted outside.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., How many of you.

• The sentence uses the incorrect preposition 'from'.
• From- used to indicate the source of something. e.g. Honey comes from honeycomb.
• The given sentence, however, suggests that the preposition should show the portion of something (how many out of some number of people).
• The only preposition that shows this is 'of', which shows a relation of a part to the whole.
• e.g. A piece of the pie, a leader of the people etc.
• The phrases 'what many from you' and 'who among you all' are grammatically incorrect.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: How many of you are attending the function tomorrow?

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., excellent.

• The sentence uses the form 'very much excellent', which is incorrect.
• Excellent- extremely good; outstanding.
• The meaning of the adjective already includes the adverb 'very much' in it (as it means the very best of something.)
• So, there is no need to modify the adjective using the adverb 'very much'.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: This book is excellent.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., No improvement.

• The sentence uses the verb 'to regale', which is grammatically correct and requires no improvement.
• To regale- entertain or amuse (someone) with talk.
• e.g. The soldier regaled us with tales of war.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., over.

The sentence uses the incorrect preposition 'above'.

Above means extending directly over and touching something, i.e., one of the objects is physical. e.g. The sky above my head.

Here, however, Emperor and kingdom are 'ideas or concepts' and not actual physical objects. So we need a better preposition.

Let's look at how the given prepositions are used:

Over- higher or more than; expressing authority or control. e.g. God watches over the humans.

On- physically in contact with and supported by. e.g. The apple is on the table.

Over and above- in addition to. e.g. The fees are over and above the sum paid previously.

Out of these, only 'over' expresses the correct meaning intended by the sentence.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: The Emperor rules over  a vast empire.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., near a spreading.

Key Points

• The sentence uses the simple present tense verb 'spread', which is incorrect.
• Whenever a present participle (verb+ing) is used before a noun, it acts as an adjective. e.g. an annoying man, a dazzling beauty etc.
• Here, the verb 'spead' is used before the noun 'mango tree', which means that it must be in its present participle form, viz, 'spreading'.
• Since it is an adjective, it must also follow rules of adjectives, viz, using an article before it.
• So, the correct phrase here is near 'a spreading' mango tree.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: The village church stands near a spreading mango tree.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., to live by.

The sentence uses the preposition 'on', which is incorrect.

Let's look at how the given prepositions are used:

On- located somewhere in the general surface area of. e.g. The rule is written on the wall.

By- concerning; according to. e.g. The council is governed by the rule.  

Upon- more formal term for on, especially in abstract sense. e.g. The rule is based upon two principles.

Whereby- (adverb) by which. e.g. There is a system whereby people can vote online.

Here, the sentence suggests that these are good rules 'according to which' one should live.

So, the correct preposition here must be 'by'.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: These are the good rules to live by.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., Before.

• The sentence suggests that the underlined word must mean 'a few days before'.
• Ago- before the present; earlier (used with a measurement of time). (simple past)
• e.g. I went there two days ago.
• The verb tense here is past perfect tense hence, 'before' is the apt choice here.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., talk to him about.

Key Points

• The sentence uses the phrase 'talk him about', which is incorrect.
• The verb 'To talk' requires an object, or a listener, to whom one is talking, as well as a preposition to link the object and verb.
• Here, 'him' is the object. So, there must be a preposition used, to link the verb to its object.
• So, the correct way to phrase it would be: to talk 'to' him.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: I tried to talk to him about his irrational fears.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., who tells lies.

• The sentence uses the phrase 'whom tells lies', which is incorrect.
• Whom is used as the object of the verb. So, whom is mostly used as passive voice form of the pronoun 'who'.
• e.g. Who took my phone? (active) becomes My phone was taken by whom? (passive)
• Here, the sentence uses the active voice, so the correct pronoun to be used for 'He' is 'who'.
• Note: The structure of the sentence gives more emphasis on the subject 'He', and 'who tells lies' becomes the adjective clause.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: He, who tells lies, never succeeds.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., Were I in.

Key Points

• The sentence uses the simple past tense verb 'was', which is incorrect here.
• The given sentence suggests a wish/desire/possibility of being in England. In such cases, the subjunctive mood of the verb is used.
• Whenever the verb expresses a wish/hope/desire, the Subjunctive mood of the verb (I/he/she were) is used.
• e.g. I wish I were a bird. OR It would have been fun if Lokesh were to suddenly appear.
• So, in this case, the correct form is 'Were I in', or 'If I were in' (both reflect the same meaning).

Thus, the rectified sentence is: Were I in England now, I would be frozen.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., No improvement.

• The sentence uses the phrase 'had you not informed me', which is grammatically correct.
• Using the verb 'had' in the beginning of a sentence acts like the conditional conjunction 'if', in past perfect sentences.
• e.g. If you had run faster, you would have won the race. OR Had you run faster, you would have won the race.
• Here, 'had you not informed me' works the same as  'if you had not informed me'.
• Hence, no improvement is required.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., No improvement.

• The underlined verb is correct and required no improvement.
• To hatch- conspire to devise (a plot or plan).
• e.g. Sheela hatched a plan to overthrow the leader.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., repeatedly.

• The sentence uses the phrase 'in repeated terms', which is incorrect.
• As the phrase is used after the main verb, giving more information about it, it should be an adverb, to make a meaningful sentence.
• In repeated terms means repeatedly.
• The other options 'continuously' and 'always' do not show the same meaning as the underlined phrase.
• So, repeatedly must be the correct adverb here.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: Didn't mother tell you repeatedly to do your homework first?

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., to what I am saying.

• The sentence uses the verb 'to tell', which is incorrect here.
• The verb 'to tell' requires an object, i.e., a listener to whom one tells something. e.g. I told her a story.
• Here, the sentence does not have any specific object, or listener.
• So, in this case, the general verb 'to say' is better suited. 'To say' does not require an object/listener.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: Pay careful attention to what I am saying.

The correct answer is would have seen.

Key Points

• The sentence uses the verb 'had seen', which is incorrect.
• Using Had in the beginning of a sentence works like the conditional conjunction 'if' for a past perfect sentence.
• e.g. If you had walked faster, you would have found her. OR Had you walked faster, you would have found her.
• Whenever there is a future possibility of something expressed by a verb; we use the modal verbs such as would, could etc.
• Here, the correct modal verb becomes 'would have seen', indicating the general future possibility of something.
• 'Might see' and 'would see' do not reflect the same meaning as indicated above.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: Had you arrived a minute earlier you would have seen the President.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., less than half its cost.

• The sentence uses the phrase 'under its half cost', which is incorrect.
• The preposition 'under' means below something in a general sense; but, as we are talking about money, the correct preposition here is 'less', meaning a smaller amount.
• Options 1 and 3 both use 'less', giving the choices 'less than half price' and 'less than half its cost'.
• 'Less than half price' is incorrect as it does not say half 'of' what/whose price.
• So, the correct phrase would be 'less than half its cost', which refers to the cost of the car.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: I sold my car for less than half its cost.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., so she should have.

Key Points

• The sentence uses the phrase 'then she must have', which is incorrect.
• The first sentence states a fact (that Rosie started at dawn) and the second is suggesting a possibility of its outcome, given the fact (Rosie reaching home).
• So, the correct conjunction here is So, which means and for this reason; therefore. (first event happens so the possibility of second happens).
• The conjunction 'then' suggests a general progression, so it is incorrect here. (A happens then B happens. Here, A and B are not necessarily linked).
• Whenever there is a future possibility indicated by a verb, we use the modal verbs such as should, could etc.
• Must- an obligation, compulsion. e.g. You must finish your homework.
• Should- a future probability. e.g. I have studied hard, so I should get an A on the test.
• Would- a future possibility in a general sense. e.g. Looks like it would rain today.
• Here, the sentence is suggesting a future probability of Rosie having reached home; so the correct modal verb is 'Should'.

Thus, the rectified sentence is: Rosy started at dawn so she should have reached home by now.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., Tiny.

Wee means little; tiny. e.g. a wee bit of bread and cheese etc.

Let’s look at the meanings of the given words:

Tiny- very small.

Weep- shed tears.

Us- used by a speaker to refer to himself or herself and one or more other people as the object of a verb or preposition.

Everyone- every person.

Out of these, only Tiny shows a meaning that is nearest to Wee.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., Breed.

Propagate means to breed specimens of (a plant or animal) by natural processes from the parent stock.

Let’s look at the meanings of the given words:

Propose- put forward (a plan or suggestion) for consideration by others.

Breed- (of animals) mate and then produce offspring.

Introduce- bring something into use or make someone known by name to another in person.

Reduce- make smaller or less in amount, degree, or size.

Out of these, only Breed shows a meaning that is nearest to Propagate.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., Genuine.

Key Points

• Authentic means of undisputed origin and not a copy; genuine.
• Let’s look at the meanings of the given words:
• Genuine- truly what something is said to be; authentic.
• Automatic- working by itself with little or no direct human control.
• Reality- the state or quality of having existence or substance.
• Truly- in a truthful way.
• Out of these, only Genuine shows a meaning that is nearest to Authentic.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., Finicky

Explanation 

Let’s look at the meanings of the given word and the option:

• Fastidious : means very attentive to and concerned about accuracy and detail; scrupulous, painstaking, finicky,meticulous
• Finicky : showing or requiring great attention to detail; fastidious, punctilious

​Here we find that both Fastidious and Finicky express similar meaning

Therefore both the words are Synonyms of each other, and thus Option 2 Finicky is the correct answer

Let's look at the meaning of other words:

• Speedy :done or occurring quickly
• Clean : free from dirt, marks, or stains.
• Hardworking:tending to work with energy and commitment; diligent.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., Logo.

Emblem means an object or the figure of an object symbolizing and suggesting another object or an idea.

Let’s look at the meanings of the given words:

• Balm- a fragrant cream or liquid used to heal or soothe the skin.
• Sign- an object whose presence or occurrence indicates the probable presence or occurrence of something else.
• Signature- a handwritten depiction of someone's name as a proof of identity and intent.
• Logo- a symbol or other small design adopted by an organization to identify its products; emblem.
  

Out of these, only Logo shows a meaning that is nearest to Emblem.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., Chaos

Explanation 

Let’s look at the meanings of the given word and option:

• Pandemonium: means wild and noisy disorder or confusion; uproar, chaos.
• Chaos: complete disorder and confusion; disorder, disorganisation, disarray, etc

​Here we find that both Pandemonium and Chaos express similar meaning

Therefore both the words are Synonyms of each other, and thus Option 3 Chaos is the correct answer

Let's look at the meaning of other words:

• Pandal: a marquee; a temporary shed, especially one used for public meetings
• Crowd :a large number of people gathered together
• Prayer: a devout petition to God or an object of worship

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., Immediately.

Presently means at the present time; now.

Let’s look at the meanings of the given words:

Immediately- at once; instantly; right now.

Later- at a time in the near future; soon or afterwards.

Gifted- having exceptional talent or natural ability.

Slowly- at a slow speed; not quickly.

Out of these, only Immediately shows a meaning that is nearest to Presently.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., Concurrent.

Simultaneous means occurring, operating, or done at the same time.

Let’s look at the meanings of the given words:

Pretend- behave so as to make it appear that something is the case when in fact it is not.

Concurrent- existing, happening, or done at the same time.

Same- identical with what is about to be or has just been mentioned.

Similar- having a resemblance in appearance, character, or quantity, without being identical.

Out of these, only Concurrent shows a meaning that is nearest to Simultaneous.

The correct answer is 'Trespass'.

Key Points

• Transgress (उल्लंघन करना) refers to overstepping or going beyond the limits of a law, command, or moral code. It signifies the act of violating a rule or boundary.
• Example sentence: "When you ignore your teacher's instructions and leave the class without permission, you transgress the rules of the school."
• Trespass (अतिक्रमण करना) is the closest synonym to Transgress as it also denotes the act of intruding, infringing or going beyond the prescribed boundaries, often in relation to property or rights.
• Example sentence: "They were arrested for trespassing private property without consent."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

 Additional Information

• Translate (अनुवाद करना ) means to convert or express the words or text from one language to another.
• Omit (छोड़ना ) signifies the act of leaving out or not including something or someone.
• Sinner (पापी ) is someone who transgresses against divine law by committing immoral acts.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., Vitality.

Vigour means physical strength and good health; effort, energy, and enthusiasm.

Let’s look at the meanings of the given words:

Pride- a feeling or deep pleasure or satisfaction derived from one's own achievements.

Active- engaging or ready to engage in physically energetic pursuits.

Grace- smoothness and elegance of movement.

Vitality- the state of being strong and active; energy.

Out of these, only Vitality shows a meaning that is nearest to Vigour.

The correct answer is Sane.

Key Points

• Insane means characterized or caused by madness. (पागलपन की विशेषता या कारण।)
• So, its opposite must mean a perfect state of mind; sane.
• Meanings of the given words:
• Sanity- reasonable and rational behaviour. (उचित और तर्कसंगत व्यवहार।)
• Sane- of sound mind; not mad or mentally ill. (समझदार)
• Sanitation- public health conditions related to clean drinking water and adequate treatment and disposal of human excreta and sewage. (स्वच्छ पेयजल से संबंधित सार्वजनिक स्वास्थ्य की स्थिति और मानव मल और सीवेज के पर्याप्त उपचार और निपटान।)
• Rational- based on or in accordance with reason or logic. (कारण या तर्क के आधार पर या उसके अनुसार।)
• Out of these, only Sane shows the opposite meaning to Insane.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., unrelated.

Kindred means one's family and relations; similar in kind; related.

So, its opposite must mean something that is not related.

Meanings of the given words:

Unkind- inconsiderate and harsh to others.

Rude- offensively impolite or bad-mannered.

Unrelated- not connected by birth or family; not related.

Coarse- rough or harsh in texture.

Out of these, only Unrelated shows the opposite meaning to Kindred.

The correct answer is: Option 1) Foment i.e. Foment.

Key Points

• The word "quell" means to suppress or put an end to something, typically by force. (दमन करना)
• Example: The government deployed troops to quell the uprising.
• "Foment" refers to instigating or stirring up undesirable or violent sentiments or actions. (उकसाना)
• Example: They accused him of trying to foment trouble among the workers.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Foment.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Suppress (दबाना): Forcibly put an end to something.
• Example: The rebellion was quickly suppressed by the military.
• Repress (दबाना): To subdue by force; restrain or prevent.
• Example: He repressed his anger to maintain a calm demeanor.
• Organise (व्यवस्थित करना ): Arrange systematically; coordinate.
• Example: They organised a charity event to raise funds for the orphanage.

The correct answer is illogical.

Key Points

• Rational means based on or in accordance with reason or logic. (कारण या तर्क के अनुसार)
• So, its opposite must mean something that is not reasonable or is without logic.
• Meanings of the given words:
• Distressed- suffering from extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain. (अत्यधिक चिंता, दुःख, या दर्द से पीड़ित)
• Illogical- lacking sense or clear, sound reasoning. (समझ की कमी)
• Unsatisfactory- not satisfactory; not good enough. (संतोषजनक नहीं है)
• Hopeless- feeling or causing despair. (महसूस करना या निराशा पैदा करना।)
• Out of these, only Illogical shows the opposite meaning to Rational.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., Check.

Propel means to drive or push something forwards.

So, its opposite must mean something that is held or controlled.

Meanings of the given words:

Improper- not in accordance with accepted standards.

Driverless- without a driving force or person.

Check- stop or slow the progress of (something, typically something undesirable).

Push- exert force on (someone or something) in order to move them away from oneself.

Out of these, only Check shows the opposite meaning to Propel.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., Modern.

Obsolete means no longer produced or used; out of date.

So, its opposite must mean something that is latest or in trend.

Meanings of the given words:

Future- the time after the present.

Reputed- be widely known and well thought of.

Old- having lived for a long time; no longer young.

Modern- characterized by or using the most up-to-date techniques, ideas, or equipment.

Out of these, only Modern shows the opposite meaning to Obsolete.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., Native.

Foreigner means a person not belonging to a particular place or group; a stranger or outsider.

So, its opposite must mean someone who belongs to a certain place by birth.

Meanings of the given words:

Indian- Something or someone belonging to the republic of India.

Inside- the inner side or surface of something.

Native- a person born in a specified place or associated with a place by birth, whether subsequently resident there or not.

Alien- unfamiliar; foreign.

Out of these, only Native shows the opposite meaning to Foreigner.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., Unhealthy.

Key Points

• Nutritious means efficient as food; nourishing.
  

So, its opposite must mean not nourishing or healthy.

• Meanings of the given words:
• Fast food-  type of mass-produced food designed for commercial resale and with a strong priority placed on speed of service.
• Trash- waste material; refuse.
• Unhealthy- harmful to health.
• Bold- brave, or without fear.
• Out of these, only Unhealthy shows the opposite meaning to Nutritious.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., Stationary.

Key Points

• Movable means capable of being moved.
• So, its opposite must mean something that does not or cannot move.
• Meanings of the given words:
• Stationary- not moving or not intended to be moved.
• Stationery- commercially manufactured writing materials, like paper, pens and other office supplies.
• Dormant- temporarily inactive.
• Redundant- not or no longer needed or useful; superfluous.
• Out of these, only Stationary shows the opposite meaning to Movable.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., Prosaically.

Lyrically means in a manner which expresses emotions in an imaginative and beautiful way.

So, its opposite must mean something that is not imaginative or original.

Meanings of the given words:

Sedately- in a manner that is calm, quiet, or composed; undisturbed by passion or excitement.

Ebulliently- overflowing with fervor, enthusiasm, or excitement.

Prosaically- commonplace or dull; matter-of-fact or unimaginative.

Normally- under normal or usual conditions; as a rule.

Out of these, only Prosaically shows the opposite meaning to Lyrically.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., between.

Key Points

The sentence uses the blank after the verb, suggesting that the blank must contain a preposition.

Let's look at how the given prepositions are used:

• Among- indicating a division, choice, or differentiation involving three or more participants. e.g. I was standing among my friends.
• About- concerning or regarding something. e.g. I need to tell you about your friend.
• Into- used to show when something is in physical contact with something else. e.g. He crashed into a tree.
• Between- with reference to a choice or differentiation involving two things. e.g. I stand between Seema and Reema.

Here, the sentence is showing a relationship between only two pronouns, viz, 'you' and 'me'.

So, the correct preposition here would be 'between', as there are only two things being referred to.

Thus, the complete sentence is: The secret should remain between me and you.

The correct answer is 'solely'.

Key Points

• The word "solely" is an adverb meaning only and not involving anyone or anything else. (पूरी तरह से या केवल)
• In the given sentence, the speaker is emphasizing that they are the only person responsible for the tragedy.
• Grammatically, an adverb is needed to modify the adjective "responsible."

​Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option B'.

Complete Sentence: I am solely responsible for this tragedy.

Additional Information

• Alone (अकेला): means without others; however, "solely" is more idiomatic when modifying "responsible" in this context.
• Sole (एकमात्र): is an adjective and cannot modify the adjective "responsible."
• Myself (स्वयं): is a reflexive/emphatic pronoun and does not fit the grammatical structure "I am myself responsible" as naturally as the adverb "solely."

QUESTION:

The sentence is given with a blank space to be filled in with the appropriate word. Four alternatives are suggested. Choose the correct alternative.

I am ______ responsible for this tragedy.

OPTIONS: A. alone B. solely C. sole D. myself

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., whether.

• The sentence uses the blank between two complete sentences, indicating that it must contain a conjunction.
• The second sentence shows two options, viz, 'you go' or 'you stay', on which the first sentence is conditional or dependent.
• This means the blank must contain a conditional conjunction such as if/whether.
• Whether- expressing a doubt or choice between alternatives. e.g. You have to drink milk, whether you like it or not.
• Only the conjunction 'whether' is appropriate here.

Thus, the complete sentence is: I do not care whether you go or stay!

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., neither, nor.

• The sentence uses two blanks, suggesting that they must contain correlative conjunctions such as either, or.
• Either-or is used when at least one action is supposed to happen or there is a choice between two separate things. e.g. You either follow me or go home.
• Neither-nor shows when none of the mentioned actions(usually similar) are done. e.g. You neither study nor do your chores.
• Here, the sentence uses the two actions 'listen' and 'carry out orders'.
• These actions are similar, in the way that they both indicate the same course of action. i.e. listening to someone and then carrying out their orders.
• This means 'Either-or', which shows a choice between two separate alternatives is incorrect here.
• So, only 'neither-nor' is correct here, as the actions are similar in nature, indicating neither was performed.

Thus, the complete sentence is: You neither listen nor carry out orders.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., you.

• The sentence uses the blank after the verb, which suggests that it must contain a noun/pronoun/preposition.
• The verb 'to believe' usually requires an object. i.e. I believe (in what?). e.g. I believe in God or I believe that God exists.
• Then, the sentence must use an appropriate object, viz, someone or something that one believes in.
• So, here, the blank must contain a noun/pronoun that shows the someone that is the object of the verb.
• Here, only the pronoun 'you' gives a direct object.
• Confusion point: Believe 'in' you is incorrect, as you believe someone while you believe 'in' something. So, 'Believe in' is only correct when the object is a clause.
• Exception: 'I believe in you' is correct only when 'you' is not referring to a person per se, but something that one stands for. This depends on the context. Here, 'in' is incorrect.

Thus, the complete sentence is: No one is going to believe you.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., With reference to.

Here, the first sentence refers to a specific letter; while the second sentence is a response to the contents of the letter mentioned in the first sentence.

So, the correct joining phrase here should be able to express these two things.

Let's look at the meanings of the given options:

As per- in accordance with. e.g. The pasta was made as per the instructions on the packet.

With reference to- in relation to; giving a recognition to. e.g. Any policy is to judged with reference to its social impact. 

In replying- In reply is the correct phrase. e.g. I am writing this letter in reply to your article.

About- regarding or concerning something. e.g. I want to talk to you about the exam.

Given the above criteria, the only correct phrase here is 'with reference to'.

Thus, the complete sentence is: With reference to your letter dated 26.03.2012, we regret to state that we reject your offer.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., indifferent.

The sentence uses the blank after the verb and before the preposition, indicating that it must contain an adjective/adverb.

Let's look at the given adjectives:

Indifferent- having no particular interest or sympathy; unconcerned regarding two alternatives.

Equal- the same as something.

The same- identical to something else. 

Likewise- in the same way; also.

The given sentence gives two nouns 'praise' and 'blame', which are opposite to each other. 

So, the adjective must also show a relationship between the two, which is only given by 'indifferent', as it shows being unconcerned with either. 

Thus, the complete sentence is: He is indifferent to praise and blame.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., but also.

Key Points 

• The blank separates the two complete sentences, indicating that it must contain a conjunction.
• The first sentence contains the phrase 'Not only'.
• This suggests that it is part of the conjunction phrase 'Not only...but also'.
• Not only..but also- used to join two sentences with similar meanings and goal. also used for emphasis.
• e.g. He is not only handsome but also smart. (similar) and Not only did he come late; but he also forgot the letter. (emphasis)
• Here, the sentence talks about two actions with similar goals, viz, speaking out and acting against corruption.
• So, the correct conjunction phrase here is 'not only...but also'.

Thus, the complete sentence is: You must not only speak out but also act against corruption.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., from.

The blank must contain a preposition, as it links the two nouns 'quotation' and 'Milton'.

Let's look at how the given prepositions are used:

Of- shows a relationship between a part and a whole. e.g. I am a student of this school.

In- indicates one thing being inside or surrounded by another. e.g. There is a hole in the wall.

As- used in comparisons to refer to the extent or degree of something. e.g. He is tall as a tree.

From- used to show the source of something. e.g. He is from the state of Nevada.

The given sentence talks about a 'quotation' that belongs to or 'came from' Milton.

This means the correct preposition here should be 'from', which shows the source of something.

Thus, the complete sentence is: This is a quotation from Milton.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., of.

The sentence uses the blank after the verb, indicating that it must contain a preposition.

Let's look at how the given prepositions are used:

Of- showing a relationship between a part and a whole. It is sometimes used to mean 'from'.

From- showing the source of something. e.g. I come from Haryana.

For- showing the purpose of something. e.g. This gift is for my mother.

With- accompanied by something else. e.g. I am standing with my friend.

The sentence talks about 'nothing will come', which means it is indicating a source from which 'nothing will come'.

So, the correct prepositions to be used are 'for' and 'of', but 'of' is the more apt one.

Thus, the complete sentence is: Nothing will come of nothing.

Note: This is a famous quote from William Shakespeare's King Lear.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., taken prematurely.

• The sentence uses the simple past tense verb 'was' before the blank. So, the blank must contain the main verb in its past participle form.
• This is only shown by options 'taken prematurely' and 'taken right'.
• Now, 'prematurely'and 'right' are adverbs which are giving more information about the verb. 'Right' however, is not the correct form of the adverb and is incorrect here.
• So, 'taken prematurely' is the only appropriate option.

Thus, the complete sentence is: The decision to wind up business was taken prematurely.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., make.

• Every sentence has a subject, about which the sentence is; and a predicate, which tells us about the subject. e.g. I run in the morning. I is the subject while run in the morning is the predicate.
• Here, 'stone walls' is the subject while the rest of the sentence is the predicate, giving information about the subject. The sentence construction is complete and correct, although rare.
• Now, walls are a part of prison, or they create a building, which can be called a prison.
• So, the correct verb should mean 'create', which is only shown by 'made' or 'make'. (Construe means to interpret something.)
• The sentence uses the simple present tense 'do not', which means the correct verb here is 'make'.
• Note: the given sentence is a poetic way of stating the same sentence, 'stone walls do not make a prison'. It is actually a quote from Richard Lovelace's poem 'To Althea: from prison'.

Thus, the complete sentence is: Stone walls do not a prison make.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., There were.

Key Points

• The sentence uses the plural collective noun, 'people'.
• This means the associated verb in the blank must also be plural.
• Out of the given options, only 'There were' and 'Here were' show a plural verb 'were'.
• The sentence talks about many people being 'at the party', i.e., at a specified place, which can only be shown by 'there' and not 'here', which means 'at this place'.
• So, only 'There were' can be appropriate here.

Thus, the complete sentence is: There were many people at the party.

the correct answer is option 2, i.e., How many.

• The sentence uses the noun 'apples' and the verb 'sold'.
• So, the blank is asking about the quantity or the number of apples sold.
• In the given options, 'how many' and 'how much' are the only options that ca form a grammatically correct question.
• Out of these, 'How much' shows a qualitative aspect, or is used for indivisible things. e.g. How much do you love me?
• 'How many' indicates a qualitative aspect, or divisible things. e.g. How many pens do you have?
• Here, as 'apples' is a divisible, quantifiable noun, so the correct question would be 'how many'.

Thus, the complete sentence is:  How many apples have you sold?

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., than.

The sentence uses the blank after an adjective, so it must contain a preposition.

Let's see how the given words are used:

Over- (prep) extending directly upwards from. e.g. I saw clouds over the hill.

Although- (conj) in spite of the fact that; even though. e.g. Although the sun was bright, there was still snow.

Than- (prep) introducing the second element in a comparison. e.g. I am taller than Seema.

And- (conj) used to connect similar words, clauses etc. e.g. Apples and oranges.

Here, the sentence is comparing between 'fit words' and 'fine words'.

So, the most appropriate preposition here is 'than', which shows a comparison between them.

Thus, the complete sentence is: Fit words are better than fine ones.

The correct answer is 'but'.

Key Points

The blank is between two complete sentences; so it must contain a conjunction.

Let's look at how the given conjunctions are used:

• And- used to join two sentences with similar purpose. e.g. I like him and he likes me.
• But- used to show a contrast between two sentences. e.g. He fell but he wasn't hurt.
• Though- used to show something despite the fact of something else. e.g. Though I was standing there, he did not see me.
• Although- in spite of something. e.g. Although the sun was bright; it was still very cold.

The given sentence shows a contrast, 'He applied for leave' and 'it was not granted'.

So, the correct conjunction here must be 'but', which shows contrast between two sentences.

Thus, the complete sentence is: He applied for a leave but it was not granted.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., owing to.

Let's look at how the given preposition/ phrases are used:

Owing to- due to or because of something. e.g. I was late owing to the traffic.

For- used to show the purpose of. e.g. The flower is for you.

From- used to show the source. e.g. This flower is from my garden.

As to- with respect to; concerning. e.g. I must choose as to which dress to buy.

Here, the sentence suggests that Siva has resigned 'because of' ill health. So, the correct phrase here would be 'owing to'.

Thus, the complete sentence is: Siva has resigned owing to ill health.

The correct answer is May I be

Key Points

• Let's look at how the given modal verbs are used:
• Should- used to indicate obligation, duty, or correctness. e.g. I should be a good student.
• Can- used to indicate a possibility or ability. e.g. I can run very fast.
• Are- (not a modal verb, but the plural of 'to be') used to show the existence of something. e.g. We are humans.
• May- used to ask for permission; wish, etc. e.g. May I enter the room?
• Here, the sentence uses the verb 'permitted', which means the verb is involved with asking for permission to leave.
• This suggests that the correct verb here must be 'May'.

'Can' seems like a correct answer, but it is not. 'Can' shows a general possibility while 'May' indicates permission

Complete sentence: May I be permitted to leave now?

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., is.

• The sentence uses the blank after the noun 'matter' and before the adjective 'destructible'.
• This suggests that the blank must contain the main verb of the sentence.
• 'Destructible' shows a quality that is associated with the noun 'matter'. So, the verb must be a form to 'To be', which shows this association.
• The only valid verb here is the form 'is'.
• None of the other options can make the sentence meaningful.

Thus, the complete sentence is: All matter is destructible.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., on.

Lute is a stringed instrument like a guitar; but with a rounded body like half an egg.

Let's see how the given prepositions are used:

• For- used to show the purpose. e.g. This gift is for you.
• From- used to show the source. e.g. I got it from the shop.
• On- used to show location on the general surface of something. e.g. There is a mark on your face.
• In- used to show that something is inside something else. e.g. There is a window in the wall.
  

Out of all of these, only 'on' or 'in' can be viable here.

But; the strings must be 'on' the surface of lute and not 'inside' it. So, 'on' is the most appropriate option.

Thus, the complete sentence is: There are numerous strings on your lute.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., Enjoy one's life and let others enjoy theirs.

• Live and let live means a person should live as he or she chooses and let other people do the same.
• e.g. Marshall was an easygoing man; his philosophy being 'live and let live'.
• The phrase comes from Dutch 'The Ancient Law-Merchant', a collection of commercial law written in 1622 by medieval merchants to govern trade in Europe and Asia.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., Ulterior motive.

Key Points 

• Hidden agenda means a secret or ulterior motive for something.  ( )
• e.g. The government seems to have a hidden agenda regarding the policy.
• Someone with a hidden agenda would secretly be doing some selfish activity while appearing to do something else.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., Deferred.

• The phrase To put on hold means temporarily not being dealt with or pursued; To pause, postpone, or suspend an activity.
• e.g. I need to put the issue on hold while I get my life back together.
• The phrase comes from mid-20th century of early technological delays, when temporary interruptions in a telephonic conversation was called 'putting on hold'.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., good news.

Key Points

• Silver lining means a sign of hope or a positive aspect in an otherwise negative situation. (अन्यथा नकारात्मक स्थिति में आशा या सकारात्मक पहलू का संकेत।)
• e.g. In these tough times, the rising ecological awareness is the only silver lining we have.
• The phrase is related to another idiom, which goes, 'every cloud has a silver lining', meaning that every bad situation has some good in it.
• The phrase is derived from John Milton's Comus, which says, "Was I deceiv'd, or did a sable cloud: Turn forth her silver lining on the night?"

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., Pacify.

• To pour oil on troubled waters means try to settle a disagreement or dispute with words intended to placate or pacify those involved.
• e.g. The committee was tasked with pouring oil on troubled waters between the two countries.
• The phrase comes from earlier times of sailing, when oil was deliberately poured in rough seas so as to calm the waters.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., commmon routine.

• The phrase all in a day's work means accepted as part of someone's normal routine or as a matter of course.
• e.g. Dealing with thieves and killers is all in a day's work for him.
• It is used for something that is especially unpleasant and difficult, which has become part of a normal job or routine for someone.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., Giving an ultimatum.

Key Points 

• Take it or leave it is a type of ultimatum, wherein one is to either accept something, especially an offer, as it is, or else reject it unconditionally. (एक प्रकार का अल्टीमेटम, जिसमें किसी को या तो कुछ स्वीकार करना है, विशेष रूप से एक प्रस्ताव, जैसा कि यह है या फिर इसे बिना शर्त अस्वीकार करना है।)
• e.g. This is my final deal on the house; take it or leave it.
• This expression dates from the fourteenth century, and several versions of it appear in Shakespeare’s plays too.
• The phrase is also used in case of an object, where one is indifferent to it. e.g. I could take it or leave it, I don't care.

The correct answer is Make all effort.

Key Points

• To leave no stone unturned means to try every possible course of action in order to achieve something. (कुछ हासिल करने के लिए हर संभव प्रयास करना।)
• e.g. He left no stone unturned in trying to achieve staright As.
• The phrase comes from an ancient Greek legend about a general who had buried his large treasure. So, those who were searching for it were advised to look under every stone.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., Stay away from.

• To steer clear of something means to avoid someone or something that seems unpleasant, dangerous, or likely to cause problems.
• e.g. He warned me to steer clear of the people there.
• This term comes from its literal use in sailing, where ships had to 'steer clear' of something in their path.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., Never give up.

Key Points 

• Never say die is a used to encourage someone not to give up hope in a difficult situation. ( )
• e.g. John is well liked because of his never say die attitude.
• Here, To say 'die' means to admit defeat.
• Charles Dickens was one of the first to use the phrase in his Pickwick Papers (1837), “Never say die—down upon your luck.”

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., Skeptic.

Let's look at the meanings of the given options: 

Doubtful- feeling uncertain about something.

Debater- a person who argues about a subject, especially in a formal manner.

Sceptic- a person inclined to question or doubt accepted opinions.

Pessimist- a person who tends to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen.

Out of these, only Sceptic shows the same meaning as the given group of words.

The correct answer is Undertaker.

Key Points

• Let's look at the meanings of the given options: 
• Overreacher- someone who tends to reach or extend over or beyond.
• Evangelist- a person who seeks to convert others to some cause, especially by public preaching.
• Grave digger- a person who digs graves.
• Undertaker- a person whose profession is the preparation of the dead for burial or cremation and the management of funerals.
• Out of these, only Undertaker shows the same meaning as the given group of words.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., Narcissist.

Let's look at the meanings of the given options: 

Self-lover- someone who has regard for one's own well-being and happiness.

Narcissist- a person who has an excessive interest in or admiration of themselves.

Namesake- a person or thing that has the same name as another.

Optimist- a person who tends to be hopeful and confident about the future or the success of something.

Out of these, only Narcissist shows the same meaning as the given group of words.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., Plebeian.

Key Points

Let's look at the meanings of the given options: 

Plebeian- a commoner; a member of the lower social classes.

Patrician- a member of a long-established wealthy family.

Aristocrat- someone from the ruling class, usually those with nobility, money, or both.

Nobleman- a man who belongs by rank, title, or birth to the aristocracy; a peer.

Out of these, only Plebeian shows the same meaning as the given group of words.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., Premature.

Let's look at the meanings of the given options: 

Prenatal- before birth; during or relating to pregnancy.

Antenatal- before birth; specifically refers to the care and services provided to pregnant women during that period.

Premature- born before the end of the full term of gestation, too early.

Stillborn- born dead; having failed to develop or be realized.

Out of these, only Premature shows the same meaning as the given group of words.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e., Altruism.

Let's look at the meanings of the given options: 

Alter ego- a person's secondary or alternative personality.

Egotism- the fact of being excessively conceited or absorbed in oneself.

Voluntarism- the principle of relying on voluntary action.

Altruism- disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others.

Out of these, only Altruism shows the same meaning as the given group of words.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e., Abbreviation.

Let's look at the meanings of the given options: 

Amalgamation- the action, process, or result of combining or uniting.

Assimilation- the process of taking in and fully understanding information or ideas.

Abbreviation- a shortened form of a word or phrase.

Homonym- each of two or more words having the same spelling or pronunciation but different meanings and origins.

Out of these, only Abbreviation shows the same meaning as the given group of words.

The correct answer is Philately.

• Let's look at the meanings of the given options:
• Philology- the study of language in oral and written historical sources. (भाषाशास्त्र)
• Philately- the collection and study of postage stamps. (डाक-टिकट संग्रहण)
• Philosophy- the study of general and fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. (तत्त्वज्ञान)
• Physiology- the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts. (शरीर क्रिया विज्ञान)
• Out of these, only Philately shows the same meaning as the given group of words.
  

Therefore, the correct answer is Philately.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e., Review.

Let's look at the meanings of the given options:

Review- view or inspect again.

Renew- give fresh life or strength to.

Redo- do (something) again or differently.

Relive- live through (an experience or feeling, especially an unpleasant one) again in one's imagination or memory.

Out of these, only Review shows the intended meaning.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., Spatial.

Let's look at the meanings of the given options:

Special- better, greater, or otherwise different from what is usual.

Spatial- relating to or occupying space.

Aeronautical- relating to the science or practice of building or flying aircraft.

Agronomical- relating to the science of soil management and the production of field crops. 

Out of these, only Spatial shows the same meaning as the given group pf words.