SSC GD Constable Previous Year Paper (Held on: 2nd December 2021 Shift 1)

Given :

• Eight boys - P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W
• They are seated around a round table but with equal spacing between them
• All are facing the center of the table.

​Explanation :

1) S is seated exactly opposite to P, who has U and R as his immediate neighbours. 

As position of U and R with respect to P is not known yet, therefore there are two possible cases.

• Case - (1)

• Case - (2)​

2) T is seated immediately next to V, who is to the immediate right of S. 

• Case - (1)

• Case - (2)

3) Q is exactly opposite to T and does not have R as his immediate neighbor.

As in case - (2) there is no possible position for Q, therefore this case is eliminated.

• Case - (1)

Thus, according to the final arrangement:

1. R is seated exactly opposite to W - Correct
2. S and U are the immediate neighbors of W - Incorrect (As S and Q are immediate neighbors of W)
3. Q and U are not the neighbors of each other - Incorrect (AS Q and U are neighbors of each other)
4. T is seated immediately next to V but not next to R - Incorrect ( As T is seated immediate next to both V and R)

Hence, "R is seated exactly opposite to W" is the correct answer.

Logic : (Position value of first letter + Position value of second letter) = 2 (Position value of third letter + Position value of fourth letter)

So,

• NHDB

​

• PLFH

​

• ZTJM

 

​

• BXJC

 

​

Thus, the sum of first two letters is not equal to double of the sum of last two letters in NHDB,

Hence, "NHDB" is the correct answer.

Logic : (3) is added to each letter's position value.

So,

Hence, "MQA" is the correct answer.

Logic : (First number + Third number) 4 = Second number

Given : 15, 104, 11

(15 + 11) 4 = 104

26 × 4 = 104

104 = 104 (LHS =RHS)

So, Following the same pattern in the given options 

• 18, 160, 16

​(18 + 16) 4 = 160

34 × 4 = 160

136 ≠ 160 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• 13, 48, 10

​(13 + 10) 4 = 48

23 × 4 = 48

92 ≠ 48 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• 17, 112, 11

​(17 + 11) 4 = 112

28 × 4 = 112

112 = 112 (LHS = RHS)

• 14, 154, 8

​(14 + 8) 4 = 154

22 × 4 =154

88 ≠ 48 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Hence, "17, 112, 11" is the correct answer.

Given : L, M, N, O, P and Q families are living in houses in a row of a colony.

Explanation :

• Q and O are neighbours of M. L and N are neighbours of P. If O is not the nearest neighbour of L

Two groups i.e QMO or OMQ and LPN or NPL are formed.

As O is not adjacent to L, therefore there are six possible cases for the position of these two groups.

• Case - (1)

• Case - (2)

• Case - (3)

• Case - (4)

• Case - (5)

• Case - (6)

 

Thus, the possible neighbor of Q are M, N, L but M is Q's neighbor in each case.

Hence, "M" is the correct answer.

Logic : 

• First and third letters are interchanged with each other.
• Fifth and seventh letters are interchanged with each other.
• Rest letters are written as it at same position .

​So,

• CAPSULE : PACSELU

​

​Similarly,

• PINDROP : ?

Hence, "NIPDPOR" is the correct answer.

Refer to tha diagram as shown below:

Here, the shaded area represents wild animals which are infected by bacteria.

Hence, 'option(1) - 26' is the correct answer.

 According to given conditions,

Given : E $G$ Y @ K + W

So,

• E $ G → E is the mother of G.

 

​

• G $ Y → G is the mother of Y.

 

​

• Y @ K → Y is the brother of K.

​

• K + W → K is the husband of W.

​

Thus, according the final family tree E is the maternal grandmother of K.

Hence, "Maternal grandmother" is the correct answer.

According to the question,

Given that: 625 D 5 A 93 C 22 B 8

After replacing the letters with their meanings, we get :-

= 625 ÷ 5 + 93 - 22 × 8

= 125 + 93 - 22 × 8

= 125 + 93 - 176

= 218 - 176

= 42

Hence, "42" is the correct answer.

Logic : [Cube of (First number - 5)] + 1 = Second number

So,

• 7 : 9

$(7 - 5)^3$ + 1 = 9

$(2)^3$ + 1 = 9

8 + 1 = 9

9 = 9 (LHS = RHS)

• 6 : 2

$(6 - 5)^3$ + 1 = 2

$(1)^3$ + 1 = 2

1 + 1 = 2

2 = 2 (LHS = RHS)

Similarly, 

• 8 : ?

$(8 - 5)^3$ + 1 = ?

$(3)^3$ + 1 = ?

27 + 1 = ?

? = 28

Hence, "28" is the correct answer.

The figure that will replace the question mark (?) in the following figure series is shown below:

1. Rectangle - It is shifting in clockwise direction at corners only and with every shift it also rotating vertically and horizontally alternately.

2. Square - It is shifting in clockwise direction at the corners only.

3. Circle - It is shifting in clockwise direction at the corners only.

4. Rhombus - It is shifting in clockwise direction at the corners only and with every shift it also rotating vertically and horizontally alternately.

5. Triangle - It is not shifting from its position but rotating at same position in the clockwise direction.

Thus, the final series is :

Hence, ‘option - (4)’ is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below :

Conclusions:

I. Some fruits are burgers → Follow (As some sweets are fruits, all sweets are burgers. So, it is definitely true)

II. Some cakes are sweets → Follow (As all burgers are cakes, all sweets are burgers. So, it is definitely true)

∴ Here, Both the conclusions follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "Both the conclusions follow".

And,

Note : Multiple of 400 years i.e 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 will also have 0 odds days.

Now, calculating total number of odd days:

Total odd days till 6 January 2010 = 4 + 0 + 6 ⇒ 10 ÷ 7 = 3

Thus, "3" is the code for 'Wednesday'.

Hence, "Wednesday" is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is : 

• Starting with the first number in the series (7) is subtracted alternately.
• Starting with the second number in the series (5) is subtracted alternately.

 

Hence, "69" is the correct answer.

The correct mirror image of the given combination when mirror is placed at PQ is as shown below:

Detailed Explanation:

• The line PQ is the mirror
• The figure '

' the first digit of first row and first column is "3". So, the mirror image should be " 

" ⇒ Option 1 is eliminated.

• The figure '

' the first digit of first row and first column is "3". So, the mirror image should be " 

" ⇒ Option 2 is eliminated..

• The figure '

' the second digit of second row and second column is "6". So, the mirror image should be "

" ⇒ Option 3 is eliminated.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option - (4)".

Logic : 

• Vowels - (3) is subtracted from each position value.
• Consonants - (3) is added to each position value.

So,

• NERDS is written as :

• CARING is written as :

 

Simila

rly,

• CLOSET is written as :

Hence, "FOLVBW" is the correct answer.

Logic: 

So, 15 will replace the question mark

∴ The correct answer is Option (4)

According to the sequence in the dictionary.

2. Abstract
3. Abstruse
4. Absurd
5. Abundant
6. Abuse

Hence, the correct answer is "2, 4, 5, 1, 3"

According to given figure:

The figure will appear when it is opened as follows:

Hence, "Option - (2)" is the correct answer.

Logic :

• Each letter's position value is written.
• Two digit position value are added within.

So,

• PRESENT is coded as :

Similarly,

• STATE is coded as :

Hence, "102125" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is :-

From the given two different cubes the adjacent sides are as shown below :

• As 2 and 4 are common on first and the second dice, it is clear that 3 is opposite to 6.

• As 2 and 3 are common on first and the third dice, it is clear that 4 is opposite to 1.

​

Opposite pairs:

3 → 6

4 → 1

2 → 5 (Left out numbers)

So, the opposite side of "3" will be side "6".

Hence, the correct answer is "6".

Logic : The letter's position is interchanged in pairs i.e

• First two letter's position is interchanged with each other.
• Next two letters i.e third and fourth letter's position is interchanged with each other.
• Next two letters i.e fifth and sixth letter's position is interchanged with each other.

So,

• FUTILE is written as :

​

• SELDOM is written as :

​

Similarly,

• CORTEX is written as :

 

​

Hence, "OCTRXE" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

• Shirt is made up of cloth.

Similarly,

• Earring is made up Gold.

Hence, the correct answer is "Gold".

Additional Information

1. Women - Women are the one who wear earrings.
2. Goldsmith - A person who makes gold articles like gold earrings.
3. Gold - a soft, yellow metal that is highly valued and used especially in jewelry and as a form of wealth
4. Ear - Part of the human body, it is where earring is wore

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below :

 

∴ Here, Option figure -(2) is embedded in given figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option-(2)".

Given : K _ H A _ A K O _ A R _ _ O H _ R A

By checking options :

1. OHRAKA → K O H A H A K O R A R A K O H A R A → (It doesn't Follows the pattern)
2. AOHRAK → K A H A O A K O H A R R A O H K R A → (It doesn't Follows the pattern)
3. ORHAKA → K O H A R A K O H A R A K O H A R A → (It follows the pattern of : KOHARA - KOHARA - KOHARA)
4. OAHRKA → K O H A A A K O H A R R K O H A R A → (It doesn't Follows the pattern)

⇒Option - (3) gives the pattern of " K O H A R A - K O H A R A - K O H A R A "

Hence, "ORHAKA" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is A person who buys any goods or services for consideration.

Key Points

• A consumer is a person who buys any goods or services for consideration and uses the goods for non-commercial purposes.
• Consumer Protection Act 2019
• The Consumer Protection Act (CPA), 2019 has replaced Consumer Protection Act of 1986.
• This Act also proposes the establishment of a Central Consumer Protection Authority in order to promote, protect and enforce the rights of consumers.
• Rules for the prevention of unfair trade practices by e-commerce platforms would be covered under this new Act.
• This act will apply to all goods and services.
• The consumers are provided with a three-tier consumer dispute redressal machinery at the National, State and District levels.
• Every Year 24th December is observed as National Consumer Day with a specific theme in India. On this day the Consumer Protection Act, of 1986 had received the assent of the president.

Additional Information

Rights of consumers

• Right to Safety- A consumer has the right to insist on the quality and guarantee of the goods. They should purchase a certified product like ISI or AGMARK.
• Right to be heard- Consumers will get due attention to express their grievances at a suitable forum.
• Right to be informed- Consumers should be informed of all the necessary details of the product.
• Right to Choose- Consumers should have the right to choose from a variety of goods at a competitive price.
• Right to Consumer Education- Consumers should be aware of their rights and avoid exploitation.
• Right to seek compensation- The consumer has the right to seek redress against unfair and cruel practices or exploitation of the consumer.

The correct answer is Agra.

Key Points

• The tomb of Itimad- ud -Daulah is located along the banks of the Yamuna at Agra, Uttar Pradesh.
• It was built by the Mughal queen Noor Jahan, wife of Emperor Jehangir.
• The tomb of Itimad- ud -Daulah is often regarded as a draft of the Taj Mahal.
• It is known for the first use of the pietra dura.

Additional Information

• Agra is known for Taj Mahal (Tomb of Mumtaz Mahal, built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan for the memory of his favourite wife).
• The Taj Mahal is in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1983.
• Ustad Ahmad Lahauri was the chief architect of Taj mahal.
• Agra Fort is a historical fort in the city of Agra in India. It was the main residence of the emperors of the Mughal Dynasty until1638.
• Moti Masjid inside Agra Fort was built by Mughal emperor Shah jahan.

The correct answer is Biplab Kumar Deb.

Key Points

• Biplab Kumar Deb is the Chief Minister of Tripura.
• He took oath as the 10th Chief Minister of the state in March 2018.

Additional Information 

• About Tripura: As of Sept 2022:
• ​Capital: Agartala
• Chief minister: Manik Saha
• Governor: Satyadev Narayan Arya
• Union territory: 1 November 1956
• Upgraded as State: 21 January 1972
• State Animal: Phayre's leaf monkey
• State Bird: Green imperial pigeon

The correct answer is Atlantic Ocean.

Key Points

• The Labrador sea is a part of the North Atlantic Ocean.
• The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest ocean of the world.
• The Labrador sea is between the Labrador Peninsula and Greenland.
• It is connected with Baffin Bay in the north through the Davis Strait and with Hudson Bay in the west through Hudson Strait.
• It contains one of the world's largest turbidity current channel systems, the Northwest Atlantic Mid-Ocean Channel.
• The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea that stretches from the Atlantic Ocean on the west to Asia on the east and separates Europe from Africa.
• Calypso Deep, located in the Hellenic Trench, Ionian Sea southwest of Pylos, Greece, is the deepest part of the Mediterranean Sea, with a maximum depth of 5,267 m.
• The Mediterranean Sea extends for about 4,000 km (west to east) from the Strait of Gibraltar to the Gulf of Iskenderun on Turkey's southwestern coast.

The correct answer isAtlantic Ocean. 

Key Points

• Puerto Rico Trench, a submarine depression in the North Atlantic Ocean, roughly parallel to the northern coast of the island of Puerto Rico and lying about 75 miles to the north.
• The Puerto Rico Trench is about 1,090 miles long and 60 miles wide.
• The Puerto Rico Trench is located on the boundary between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.
• The oceanic trench, the deepest in the Atlantic, is associated with a complex transition between the Lesser Antilles subduction zone to the south and the major transform fault zone or plate boundary, which extends west between Cuba and Hispaniola through the Cayman Trough to the coast of Central America.

Additional Information

• The shape of Atlantic Ocean is of an 'S-shaped basin.
• It extends between Europe and Africa to the east and the Americas to the west.
• The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest ocean in the World after the Pacific Ocean.

The correct answer is Pilibhit Tiger Reserve

Key Points

• The Pilibhit Tiger Reserve (PTR) and the Uttar Pradesh Forest department have bagged the first-ever international award, TX2, for doubling the number of tigers in four years against a target of 10 years.
• Pilibhit Tiger Reserve was the first to receive the award among 13 tiger range countries.
• It achieved this goal in just four years from 2014 when it had 25 tigers which went up to 65 in 2018.
• The award was virtually presented to the principal chief conservator of forest of the state, by United Nations Development Program.
• The growth of 40 tigers in a short span of four years was recognized for the TX2 award.

Additional Information

• In 2014, All India Tiger Estimation had estimated 25 tigers in Pilibhit and 2018 estimation showed an increase by projecting 65 tigers.
• Pilibhit Tiger Reserve had 57 resident and eight transit tigers in 2018. However, this figure did not include the tiger cubs below the age of one year.
• The global target of doubling the tiger population was set in 2010 by the partners in TX2 award.
• TX2 is the global award which was set up in 2010 in St. Petersburg, Russia.
• Partners- UNDP, Global Tiger Forum, International Union for Conservation of Nature, World Wide Fund for Nature, Conservation Assured/Tiger Standards and Lion's Share.
• No other tiger reserve among all the 13 tiger range countries could succeed in doubling the big cat population in a span of 10 years.

The correct answer is Assam.

Key Points

• Kanaklata Barua was a teenage freedom fighter who was shot dead in Assam during the Quit India Movement.
• She was one of the youngest martyrs of the Quit India Movement.
• She led the Mukti Bahini to unfurl the Tricolour at the Gohpur police station on September 20, 1942.

Additional Information

• ICGS Kanaklata Barua is the fifth and last in a series of FPVs built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) Ltd.
• The other four are:
• ICGS Priyadarshini
• ICGS Annie Besant.
• ICGS Kamala Devi.
• ICGS Amrit Kaur.

The correct answer is RBI formulates the annual budget for the central government.

Key Points

• RBI acts as a sole currency authority of the country, known as Banker’s Bank
• Controller of Credit
• Exchange Management and Control
• RBI makes the monetary policy of the country.

Additional Information

• Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is India’s apex central banking institution.
• Established: April 1 1935, under RBI act 1934.
• It was formed on the recommendation of the Hilton Young Commission.
• Initial Paid-up capital was 5 crores.
• RBI was nationalized on 1 January 1949.
• The Central Office of the Reserve Bank was initially established in Calcutta but was permanently moved to Mumbai in 1937.

The correct answer is Kane Williamson.

Key Points

• Kane Williamson has been adjudged the 'Player of the Tournament in the 2019 Cricket World Cup.
• He is the caption of the New Zealand cricket team in all three game formats. (2020).
• Kane Williamson was awarded the Men of the tournament award in the ICC Cricket World cup 2019.
• He scored 578 runs in the tournament and helps New Zealand to fix a spot in the finals.
• Ben Stokes is Man of the match in the final, he helps England to win its first-ever world cup title.
• Rohit Sharma hits five centuries in the tournament.

Additional Information

• ICC Men's Cricket World Cup 2019  final match was held at Lord's in London.
• Lord's had hosted the Cricket World Cup Final five times, the most of any venue.
• The final match was played between New Zealand and England.
• The final match was conducted on 14 July 2019.
• England defeated New Zealand and lifted the ICC Men's Cricket World Cup 2019.
• It was England's first ICC Men's Cricket World Cup victory in four final appearances.
• It was also the first world cup final since 1992 to have a definite new winner.
• The two teams were tied on the same score at the end of the match, resulting in a Super Over.
• It was the first time a Super Over was necessary for a One Day International final match.
• England won on the boundary count.
• England's all-rounder Ben Stokes was awarded the player of the match.

The correct answer is Tulughma.

Key Points

• The new war tactics introduced by Babur were the tulughma and the araba.
• Tulughma meant dividing the whole army into various units, viz. the Left, the Right and the Centre.
• The Left and Right divisions were further subdivided into Forward and Rear divisions.
• Through this a small army could be used to surround the enemy from all the sides.
• The Centre Forward division was then provided with carts (araba) which were placed in rows facing the enemy and tied to each other with animal hide ropes.
• Behind them were placed cannons protected and supported by mantelets which could be used to easily manoeuvre the canons.
• These two tactics made Babur’s artillery lethal.

Additional Information

• The First Battle of Panipat (21 April 1526) fought near a small village of Panipat Haryana.
• The battle was fought between the invading forces of Zahir-ud-din Babur and Lodi Empire during the rule of Ibrahim Lodi.
• The Mughal forces of Babur, the ruler of Kabulistan, defeated ruling army of Ibrahim Lodi, Sultan of Delhi.
• Babur’s tactics of Tulughma and Araba that led him to victory.

The correct answer is 1980.

Key Points

• Bharatiya Janta Party was founded by Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Lal Krishna Advani in 1980.
• It succeeded the Bhartiya Jan Sangh which was formed by Shyama Prasad Mukherjee in 1951.
• Its aim is to build a strong and modern India by drawing inspiration from ancient culture and values.
• They believe in the ideas of Deen Dayal Upadhyay of integral humanism and Antyodaya.
• It promotes cultural nationalism (or ‘Hindutva).
• Party's goal is to full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir with India, a uniform civil code and a ban on religious conversions.
• It has a symbol of the Lotus.
• As of August 2022, it is the ruling party in India with Narendra Modi as its Prime Minister.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is No interest is earned on the deposit in PMJDY accounts.

Key Points

• Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY),launched in 2014, is National Mission for Financial Inclusion to ensure access to financial services, namely, Banking/ Savings & Deposit Accounts, Remittance, Credit, Insurance, Pension in an affordable manner.
• Accounts opened under PMJDY are being opened with Zero balance.
• Accidental insurance cover under the scheme is of Rs. 2 lakhs.
• After satisfactory operation of the account for 6 months, an overdraft facility will be permitted.
• Overdraft facility upto Rs. 10,000/- is available in only one account per household, preferably lady of the household.
• The account holder is provided with a RuPay debit card.
• The scheme provide life cover of Rs. 30,000/- payable on death of the beneficiary, subject to fulfillment of the eligibility condition.
• Other benefits under PMJDY Scheme are - Interest on deposit, No minimum balance required, Easy Transfer of money across India Access to Pension, insurance products etc.

The correct answer is Vitamin D.

Key Points

• Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets.
• The chemical name of Vitamin D is Cholecalciferol.
• It was discovered by Edward Mellanby.
• It is fat-soluble.
• It is found in Fish, eggs, liver, mushrooms.

Additional Information

• They convert food into energy and repair cellular damage.

The correct answer is Taxila.

Key Points

• Ambhi, the ruler of Taxila, readily submitted to the invader, augmenting Alexander’s army and replenishing his treasure.
• When he reached the Jhelum, Alexander encountered the first and the strongest resistance from Porus.
• Although Alexander defeated Porus, he was impressed by the bravery and courage of the Indian prince.
• He, therefore, restored his kingdom to him and made him his ally.

Additional Information

• Porus was an Indian prince who governed the area between the Hydaspes (Jhelum) and Acesines (Chenab) rivers during the conquest of Punjab by Alexander the Great (327–326 bce).
• Porus resisted Alexander, in contrast to his neighbour, Ambhi, king of Taxila (Takshashila).
• In his capacity as King of Macedonia and Persia and one of history's greatest military strategists, Alexander the Great built the biggest empire the ancient world had ever known.
• Alexander the Great and King Porus engaged in combat in the Hydaspes in 326 BC.

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

Key Points

• Maharashtra Governor Bhagat Singh Koshyari has won the first prize in the State Level Letter Writing Competition (Inland Letter Card Category) organised by the Department of Posts for his essay on the theme 'Dear Bapu, you are immortal'.
• Senior Officers of the Postal Department presented the first prize cheque of Rs.25000.

Additional Information 

• Maharashtra:
• Mumbai is the capital city of Maharashtra.
• The Gateway of India is the most famous monument and Iconic landmark located in Mumbai.
• Eknath Shind is the current CM of Maharashtra.
• Bhagat Singh Koshyari is the Governor of Maharashtra.

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• Brihadeeswarar Temple also called Periya Koyil or Big Temple is the greatest architectural monument of the Chola period in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu.
• Rajaraja Chola, who commissioned the temple, called it Rajarajeshwaram (Rajarajeswaram), literally "the temple of the almighty of Rajaraja".
• A later inscription in the Brihannayaki shrine calls the temple's deity Periya Udaiya Nayanar, which appears to be the source of the modern names Brihadisvara and Peruvudaiyar Kovil.

Additional Information 

• Brihadeeswarar Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva on the south bank of the Cauvery river in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
• It is one of the largest Hindu temples and an exemplary example of fully realized Tamil architecture.
• It is called Dakshina Meru.
• Built by Tamil king Raja Raja Chola I between 1003 and 1010 AD, the temple is a part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the "Great Living Chola Temples", along with the Chola dynasty era Gangaikonda Cholapuram temple and Airavatesvara temple that is about 70 kilometres and 40 kilometres to its northeast respectively.

The correct answer is Satyendra Singh.

Key Points

• Gajanand Yadava was a recipient of Tenzing Norgay National Advanture Award 2019.
• WgCdr Gajanand Yadava, a Parachute Jump Instructor & member of IAF Skydiving Team 'AkashGanga'
• He was awarded the 'Tenzing Norgey National Adventure Award 2019' in 'Air Adventure category.

Additional Information 

• Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award
• It is the prestigious national award for adventure sports in India, equivalent to the Arjuna Award.
• The award is given every year on National Sports Day - August 29.
• It was named after Tenzing Norgay, a Nepali- Indian Sherpa Mountaineer, who was the first to reach the summit of Mount Everest along with Edmund Hillary on 29th May 1953.
• The award is given in 4 categories
• Land Adventure
• Air Adventure
• Water Adventure
• Life Time Achievement
• The awardees are given prize money of Rs. 5 lakh along with statuettes, and certificates.

The correct answer is Electrostatic force.

Key Points

• Electrostatic force is the force between two charges it is also a central force because it acts along the line joining the centers of the two charges.
• It is also known as coulombian or electric force sometimes.
• Lightning is an example of electrostatic forces in everyday life.

Additional Information

• When any force applied by using our muscles like arms or legs, then thisforce is known as muscular force.
• Muscular force is a type of contact force.
• Centrifugal force is the apparent outward force on a mass when it is rotated.
• Think of a ball on the end of a string that is being twirled around, or the outward motion you feel when turning a curve in a car.
• A centripetal force is a force that makes a body follow a curved path.
• Its direction is always orthogonal to the motion of the body and towards the fixed point of the instantaneous center of curvature of the path.

The correct answer is Utpal Kumar Singh.

Key Points

• On November 30, Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla appointed senior IAS officer Utpal Kumar Singh as Secretary-General of the Lok Sabha.
• Singh has also been appointed to the Lok Sabha Secretariat in the rank and status of Cabinet Secretary with effect from December 1.
• Retired IAS officer from the 1986 batch, Utpal Kumar Singh will replace Snehlata Shrivastava, the first woman Secretary-General of the Lok Sabha.
• A former IAS officer from the Madhya Pradesh Cadre, Shrivastava was appointed to the top post on December 1, 2017.

Additional Information

• The Speaker appoints the Secretary-General of the Lok Sabha.
• The Lok Sabha speaker is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha.
• The Speaker ranks sixth in the hierarchy of State government of India, equivalent with the Chief Justice.
• He/she represents the full authority of the House and decides whether a bill is a money bill or not.

The correct answer is bedrock.

Key Points

• Bedrock is the bottommost layer of a soil profile.
• This layer mainly consists of huge rocks.

Additional Information

• It is the vertical section of soil from all its horizons.
• There are different types of soil, each with its own set of characteristics.
• It is made of layers, or horizons (O, A, E, B, C, R).
• Put the horizons together, and they form a soil profile.
• Most soil profiles cover the earth as 2 main layers Topsoil and Subsoil.
• Most soils have three major horizons (A, B, C) and some have an organic horizon (O).

Additional Information 

The correct answer is Roger Federer.

Key Points

• Roger Federer created a record by winning the Hopman Cup the greatest number of times as of December 2020.
• Switzerland won their third Hopman Cup as Roger Federer and Belinda Bencic beat Germany's Alexander Zverev and Angelique Kerber.
• Belinda Bencic and Roger Federer are swiss tennis champions.
• It was Federer's second Hopman Cup triumph after a victory in 2001 alongside then-world number one Martina Hingis.
• The final was held at the Perth Arena.

Additional Information

• The Hopman Cup is an international eight-team indoor hardcourt tennis tournament that plays mixed-gender teams on a country-by-country basis.
• It was held in Perth, Western Australia each year from 1989 to 2019.
• It was replaced on the calendar in 2020 by the ATP Cup, a newly created ATP event.
• It is set to return on the calendar in 2023 in a French venue.

The correct answer is Civil Disobedience Movement.

Key Points

• The civil Disobedience Movement witnessed the participation of women on a large scale for the first time.
• It was a landmark event in the Indian Nationalist movement.
• In many ways, the civil disobedience movement is credited for paving the way for freedom in India.
• It was significant in many ways as it was a movement that spread to the urban areas and witnessed the participation of women and people belonging to the lower castes.
• It was initiated under the stewardship of Mahatma Gandhi.
• It was launched after the observance of Independence Day in 1930.
• The civil disobedience movement commenced with the Dandi march when Gandhi left the Sabarmati Ashram at Ahmedabad on foot with 78 other members of the Ashram for Dandi on 12 March 1930. After reaching Dandi, Gandhi broke the salt law.
• It was considered illegal to make salt as it was solely a government monopoly.

Additional Information

• The salt satyagraha led to a widespread acceptance of the civil Disobedience movement across the country.
• This event became symbolic of people’s defiance of the government policies.
• Following Gandhi’s footsteps, C. Rajgopalchari in Tamil Nadu led a similar march from Trichinopoly to Vedaranyam. At the same time  Sarojini Naidu, a prominent leader in the congress led the movement in Darasana in Gujarat.
• The police opened a lathi charge which led to over 300 satyagrahis being severely injured.
• Consequently, there were demonstrations, hartals, a boycott of foreign goods, and later a refusal to pay taxes.
• A lakh of participants including women participated in this movement.
• Large scale participation of women was an important feature of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
• During the Salt March, thousands of women came out of their homes to listen to the speeches of Gandhi.
• Women participated in protest marches, manufactured salt, and picketed foreign cloth and liquor shops. Many went to jail.

The correct answer is malaria.

Key Points

• Malaria disease is caused by protozoa Plasmodium.
• Malaria is caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium.
• Four species cause disease in humans: P falciparum, P vivax, P ovale, and P malaria.
• Malaria is spread to humans by the bite of female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles.
• Signs and symptoms of malaria are similar to flu symptoms.
• They include:
• Fever and sweating.
• Chills that shake your whole body.
• Headache and muscle aches.
• Fatigue.
• Chest pain, breathing problems, and cough.
• Diarrhoea, nausea, and vomiting.

Additional Information

• Based on the causative organisms, communicable diseases can be classified as - 
• Bacterial: Tuberculosis, Typhoid, Cholera, Anthrax.
• Viral: Common cold, Dengue, Measles, Influenza, HIV infection.
• Protozoal: Malaria, Kala azar.
• Fungal: Fungal infections of groins, skin, hair, nails.
• Parasitic: Infestations of intestinal worms like roundworm or lice.

The correct answer is Have a Navratna status.

Key Points

• Eligibility Criteria to be considered for grant of Maharatna status:
• Having Navratna status.
• Listed on the Indian stock exchange with minimum prescribed public shareholding under SEBI regulations.
• Average annual turnover of more than Rs. 25,000 crore, during the last 3 years.
• The average annual net worth of more than Rs. 15,000 crore, during the last 3 years.
• Average annual net profit after tax of more than Rs. 5,000 crore, during the last 3 years.
• Should have a significant global presence/international operations.
• There are ten ‘Maharatna’ CPSEs: Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, Coal India Limited, GAIL (India) Limited, Indian Oil Corporation Limited, NTPC Limited, Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited, Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL), Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL), Power Grid Corporation of India (POWERGRID), and Steel Authority of India Limited.
• Hence Statement 3 is correct.

Additional Information

• Eligibility Criteria to be considered for grant of Navratna status:
• The Miniratna Category – I and Schedule ‘A’ CPSEs, which have obtained ‘excellent’ or ‘very good’ rating under the Memorandum of Understanding system in three of the last five years, and have a composite score of 60 or above in the six selected performance parameters, namely,
• net profit to net worth,
• manpower cost to total cost of production/services,
• profit before depreciation, interest, and taxes to capital employed,
• profit before interest and taxes to turnover,
• earning per share,
• inter-sectoral performance.
• Eligibility Criteria to be considered for grant of Miniratna status:
• Category –I CPSEs should have made a profit in the last three years continuously, the pre-tax profit should have been Rs. 30 crores or more in at least one of the three years and should have a positive net worth.
• Category-II CPSEs should have made a profit for the last three years continuously and should have a positive net worth.
• These CPSEs shall be eligible for the enhanced delegated powers provided they have not defaulted in the repayment of loans/interest payment on any loans due to the Government.

The correct answer is Portal for Regulation of Air-pollution in Non-Attainment Cities.

Key Points

• 'PRANA' is the acronym for Portal for Regulation of Air-pollution in Non-Attainment Cities.
• Union Environment Minister launched the Portal for Regulation of Air-pollution in Non-Attainment cities (PRANA).
• Non-Attainment cities (NACs) are the cities which failed to meet national air quality standards over a five-year period under National Clean Air Program (NCAP).
• The portal would disseminate information on air quality to the public while also providing comprehensive information related to NCAP program details, progress, city action plans, implementation updates by various agencies, etc.

Shortcut Trick

Convert Rate of Interest to fraction: 5% = 1/20. The Multiplication Factor for one year is (20+1)/20 = 21/20.

Ratio of Amount to Principal = 9261 / 8000.

Identify powers: 9261 = 21³ and 8000 = 20³.

Since (21/20)³ = 9261/8000, the Time period is the exponent value.

∴ The correct answer is 3 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Principal (P) = ₹8,000

Amount (A) = ₹9,261

Rate (R) = 5% per annum

Formula Used:

A = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ, where n is the Time in years.

Calculations:

⇒ 9261 = 8000 × (1 + 5/100)ⁿ

⇒ 9261 / 8000 = (1 + 1/20)ⁿ

⇒ 9261 / 8000 = (21 / 20)ⁿ

⇒ (21 / 20)³ = (21 / 20)ⁿ

⇒ n = 3 years

∴ The correct answer is 3 years.

Additional Information

Compound Interest Formula

Interest is calculated on the initial principal and also on the accumulated interest of previous periods. CI = P[(1 + R/100)ⁿ − 1].

Difference between CI and SI

For a period of 2 years, the difference (D) between Compound Interest and Simple Interest is given by D = P × (R/100)².

Half-Yearly Compounding

If interest is compounded half-yearly, the Rate is halved (R/2) and the Time is doubled (2n) in the formula.

Rule of 72

A quick way to estimate the time required to double an investment: Time ≈ 72 ÷ Interest Rate.

Concept:

The gain percentage of the seller is due to the difference in the selling price of the article.

Calculation:

Difference in the selling price of the article = ₹580 - ₹545 = ₹35

According to the question-

⇒ $7\over100$ × CP = ₹35

⇒ CP = ₹500

The cost price of the article is Rs 500.

Formula:

A = P × (1 + $R\over 100$)T

where- P = Principal, A = Amount, R = Rate, T = Time

Calculation:

Let the time be "t"

⇒ ₹ 15,125 = ₹ 12,500 × (1 + $10\over 100$)t

⇒ $15,125\over12,500$ = ($11\over10$)t

⇒ ($11\over10$)2 = ($11\over10$)t

⇒ t = 2 years

According to the question-

If the interest is compounded annually, than the interest rate for 8 month period = 15 × $8\over12$ = 10%

⇒ Total installments of compound interest = $2 \times 12\over 8$ = 3

⇒ Amount = ₹ 12,500 × (1 + $10\over 100$)3

⇒ x = ₹ 12,500 × ($11\over 10$)3 = ₹ 16,638

The amount is ₹ 16,638.

Formula:

Total surface area of solid cone = πr(l + r)

Curved surface area = πr(l + r)

Where "l" and "r" are the slant height of the cylinder and the radius of the cylinder respectively.

Calculation:

According to the question,

Curved surface area is ${4 \over 5}$ its Total surface,

⇒ πrl = 4/5 πr(l + r)

⇒ l = 4/5(l + r)

⇒ 5l = 4l + 4r

⇒ l = 4r

Now, Total surface area of a solid right circular cone is 6930 cm2

⇒ πr(l + r) = 6930

⇒ 22/7 × r × (4r + r) = 6930

⇒ 22/7 × r × 5r = 6930

⇒ r² = 63 × 7

⇒ r = 7 × 3 = 21 cm

Diameter = 2r = 2 × 21 = 42 cm.

∴ The diameter of a cone is 42 cm.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Expenditure to Savings = 300 : 100 = 3 : 1

Total Income parts = 3 + 1 = 4

Using Weighted Average: (Income % × Total) = (Exp % × Exp parts) + (Sav % × Sav parts)

18 × 4 = (x × 3) + (64 × 1)

72 = 3x + 64 ⇒ 3x = 8 ⇒ x = 8/3 = 2 2/3 %

∴ The correct answer is Increases by 2 2/3 %.

Alternate Method

Given:

Expenditure = 200% more than Savings

Income Increase = 18%, Savings Increase = 64%

Formula:

Income = Expenditure + Savings

⇒ Let Savings = 100

⇒ Expenditure = 100 + 200 = 300

⇒ Total Income = 300 + 100 = 400

⇒ New Income = 400 + (18% of 400) = 400 + 72 = 472

⇒ New Savings = 100 + (64% of 100) = 164

⇒ New Expenditure = New Income − New Savings = 472 − 164 = 308

⇒ Increase in Expenditure = 308 − 300 = 8

⇒ Percentage Increase = (8 ÷ 300) × 100 = 8/3 = 2 2/3 %

∴ The correct answer is Increases by 2 2/3 %.

Additional Information

Income, Expenditure, and Savings

Income is always the sum of Expenditure and Savings. Percentage changes in components follow the rule of weighted averages based on their initial ratios.

Percentage Change Shortcut

Total Change % = (v₁ × p₁ + v₂ × p₂) ÷ (p₁ + p₂), where v is value change and p is the weight or part ratio.

Base Value Consideration

Always ensure the base (initial value) for percentage calculation remains consistent. For increases 'X% more than Y', the value is Y × (1 + X/100).

Given:

Average of 5 consecutive odd natural numbers is 27.

Formula:

Sum of n terms in AP (Arithmetic Progression) =  $n(a + l )\over 2$

Where-

n = number of terms

a = starting term

l = last term

Calculations:

Let the first integer be “n”

⇒ Consecutive odd integers = (n + 2), (n + 4), (n + 6), and (n + 8)

These terms would be in Arithmetic progression with the common difference being 2.

Sum of 5 terms = $5 × ( n + n + 8)\over 2$

Average of 5 terms =  $5 × ( n + n + 8)\over 2× 5$ =  $2n + 8\over 2$ = n + 4

According to the question, average = 27

⇒ n + 4 = 27

⇒ n = 27 - 4 = 23

∴ Fifth number = n + 8 = 23 + 8 = 31

⇒ Product of first and fifth number = 23 × 31 = 713

∴ The product is 713.

Shortcut Trick

Multiplying factor for 5% over 3 years is (21/20)³ = 9261/8000.

Principal P = 37044 × (8000 ÷ 9261) = ₹32000.

For 16 months compounded 8-monthly: Rate = 12% × (8 ÷ 12) = 8% per cycle, and Cycles = 16 ÷ 8 = 2.

Amount x = 32000 × (108/100)² = 32000 × 1.1664 = 37324.80.

∴ The correct answer is ₹37324.80.

Alternate Method

Given:

Case 1: Amount A₁ = ₹37044, Time = 3 years, Rate = 5% p.a.

Case 2: Time = 16 months, Rate = 12% p.a. compounded 8-monthly.

Formula Used:

Amount A = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ

P = ?

₹37044

Amount x

3 years @ 5% p.a. CI 2 cycles @ 8%

Calculations:

⇒ 37044 = P(1 + 5/100)³

⇒ 37044 = P(21/20)³

⇒ P = 37044 × (8000 / 9261)

⇒ P = 4 × 8000 = ₹32000

For the new 8-monthly compounding scheme:

⇒ Effective Rate r = 12% × (8 / 12) = 8% per cycle

⇒ Number of cycles n = 16 months ÷ 8 months = 2 cycles

⇒ x = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ

⇒ x = 32000(1 + 8/100)²

⇒ x = 32000(27/25)²

⇒ x = 32000 × (729 / 625)

⇒ x = 51.2 × 729 = ₹37324.80

∴ The correct answer is ₹37324.80.

Additional Information

Fractional Year Compounding

When compounding happens n-monthly, the applicable rate per cycle becomes R × (n/12), and the number of cycles becomes Total Time (in months) ÷ n.

Compound Interest

CI is evaluated on both the initial principal and the accumulated interest from preceding periods. The fundamental formula is A = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ.

SI vs CI Difference

For a 2-year period, the difference between Compound Interest and Simple Interest on the same principal is D = P(R/100)².

Concept:

We need to find a common multiple for a set of numbers i.e., LCM of the numbers. This is followed by division with the greatest number of four digits by the LCM of the number.

Calculations:

LCM of 18, 21, and 24 = 504

Greatest number of four digits = 9999

By dividing 9999 ÷ 504 remainder comes to 423

When 9999 - 423 = 9576 is the greatest four digit number

∴ The greatest four-digit number divisible by 18, 21, and 24 is 9576.

Calculation:

Let the cost price of one machine machine be "a".

⇒ cost price of other washing machine = (₹ 10,750 - a)

Difference in the cost of two washing machines = a - (₹ 10,750 - a) = 2a - ₹ 10,750 

According to the question-

⇒ 1.25 × a = 0.9 × (₹ 10,750 - a)

⇒ 1.25a = 9,675 - 0.9a 

⇒ 1.25a + 0.9a = 9,675

⇒ 2.15a = 9,675

∴ a = $9675\over2.15$ = ₹ 4500

Substituting the value of "a" in the different of the cost, we get-

⇒ Difference of the cost = 2 × ₹ 4500 - ₹ 10,750 = ₹ 9,000 - ₹ 10,750 = -₹ 1,750  

∴ The difference of the cost of the washing machines is ₹ 1,750.

Additional Information The negative sign in the difference of the cost indicates that the cost of the second washing machine is more than the cost of the first washing machine.

Calculations:

Finding the HCF of 319, 435 and 667 through the prime factorization method, we get-

319 = 11 × 29

435 = 3 × 5 × 29

667 = 23 × 29

Thus, HCF of the numbers is 29

Hence, the HCF of the numbers lies between 25 and 30.

The HCF of the numbers lies between 25 and 30.

Calculation:

Let the common ratio be "a".

Total number of boys and girls is 8a and 5a respectively

According to the question-

⇒ $8a-6\over5a+9$ = $14\over13$

⇒ 13 × (8a - 6) = 14 × (5a + 9) 

⇒ 104a - 78 = 70a + 126

⇒ 34a = 204

⇒ a = 6

Number of girls initially = 5 × 6 = 30

∴ The number of girls initially was 30.

Concept:

We would use the concept of BODMAS-

B – Bracket, O – Off, D – Divide, M – Multiplication

A – Addition, S – Subtraction

Calculation:

4 + 12 ÷ 4 – 2 × 3 + 1

⇒ 4 + 3 – 2 × 3 + 1

⇒ 4 + 3 – 6 + 1

⇒ 7 – 5

⇒ 2

∴ The answer is 2.

Calculation:

Let the cost of the item initially be "a".

∴ New cost per item = (1 - 0.25) × a = 0.75a

Total items bought initially = $240\over a$

Total items bought under reduced price = $240\over 0.75a$

According to the question-

⇒ $240\over 0.75a$ - $240\over a$ = 5

⇒ $240\over a$ × ($1\over 0.75$ - 1) = 5

⇒ a = 240 × $\frac{1}{5}$ × $\frac{0.25}{0.75}$ =  Rs 16

The original price of the item was Rs 16.

Shortcut TrickPrice is inversely proportional to number of items

                     Old : New

Price                 4 : 3

No. of items      3 : 4

According to question

No. of items 4u - 3u = 5

Original no. of item = 3 × 5 = 15

Original price = 240/15 =  Rs 16

Formula:

D = S × T, where

D = Distance

S = Speed

T = Time

Calculation:

Let the time for which man travel partly on bicycle be "t" hours.

⇒ Distance covered by the man on bicycle = 15 × t = 15t

Time for which man travels on foot = (4 - t) hours

Distance travelled on foot = (4 - t) × 7

According to the question,

⇒ (4 - t) × 7 + 15t = 44 km

⇒ 28 - 7t + 15t = 44 km

⇒  8t = 16 km

⇒ t = 2 hours

Distance travelled on bicycle = 15 × 2 = 30 km.

∴ The distance travelled by the man on bicycle was 30 km.

Shortcut TrickBy solving mixture and allegation final ratio will always of the unit present in denominator 

1u + 1u = 2u

2u = 4 hours

1u = 2 hours

Distance traveled by bicycle = 15 × 2 = 30 km

Calculations:

Let the cost price be Rs 100.

SP for 5.85% profit = Rs 100 + 5.85 = Rs 105.85

SP for 2.1% loss = Rs 100 - 2.1 = Rs 97.9

Difference in profit = Rs 105.85 - Rs 97.9 = Rs 7.95

⇒ x = $1431\times 100 \over 7.95$ = Rs 18,000

∴ The cost price is Rs 18,000.

Calculation:

Let the number be 100.

50% of the number = 50

Let the second number be "a"

Two-thirds of another number = $2\over3$ × a

According to the question-

⇒ 50 = $2\over3$ × a

⇒ a = 50 × $3\over2$ = 75

Ratio of first number to the second number = 100 : 75 = 4 : 3

The required ratio is 4 : 3.

Calculations:

Let the time taken by B to complete the work be "b" days.

⇒ Time taken by A to complete the work = (b - 2) days

Work done by A in 1 day = $1\over b-2$

Work done by B in 1 day = $1\over b$

Total work done by A and B in 1 day = $1\over b$ + $1\over b-2$ = $1\over{4{4 \over 9 }}$

Solving the equation, we get-

⇒ $1\over b$ + $1\over b-2$ = $9 \over 40$

⇒ $2b-2\over (b)(b-2)$ = $9\over 40$

⇒ 40 × (2b - 2) = 9 × (b² - 2b)

⇒ 80b - 80 = 9b² -18b

⇒ 9b2 - 98b + 80 = 0

⇒ 9b2 - 90b - 8b + 80 = 0

⇒ 9b(b - 10) - 8(b - 10) = 0

⇒ (9b - 8) (b - 10) = 0

∴ Either 9b - 8 = 0; b = $8\over9$ or

⇒ b - 10 = 0; b = 10

⇒ b cannot be $8\over9$ since time taken by A would be negative. 

∴ TIme taken to complete work by B = 10 days.

∴ The work would be completed by B in 10 days.

Given:

Profit % = 20%

Discount at Marked Price = 28%

Marked Price = Rs 900

Formula:

MP × (100 - D%) = CP × (100 + G%) = SP

Where-

MP = Marked Price, CP = Cost Price, SP = Selling Price

D% = Discount offered at Marked Price, G% = Profit %

Calculations:

Substituting the values of D%, G%, and MP in the equation-

MP × (100 - D%) = CP × (100 + G%)

CP = MP × (100 - D%) / (100 + G%)

MP = 900 × (100 - 28) / (100 + 20)

MP = 900 × (72 / 120) = Rs 540

The Cost Price) is Rs 540.

Formula:

CP = $100\over100+\%G$ × SP, where

SP = Selling Price, CP = Cost Price, G% = Gain Percentage

Calculation:

SP = 0.8 × ₹ 2,850 = ₹ 2,280

Substituting the value of SP in the CP equation, we get-

CP = $100\over100+20$ × ₹ 2,280 = ₹ 1900

∴ The cost price of the item is ₹ 1900.

Shortcut TrickMP/CP = (100 + P)/(100 - D)

2850/CP = (100 + 20)/(100 - 20)

CP = (2850 × 80)/120 = Rs 1900

Formula:

Average age = Total age of men ÷ Total number of men

Calculation:

Let the average age be "a".

Total age of men = 10 × a = 10a

Total age of men to be replaced = 15 + 16 + 17 = 48 years

Let the total age of new three men = "M"

According to the question-

⇒ $10a-48 +M\over10$ = a + 3

⇒ 10a - 48 + M = 10a + 30

⇒ M = 78 years

∴ Average age of three new men = $78\over3$ = 26 years

The average of three new men is 26 years.

Formula:

D = S × T, where

D = Distance, S = Speed, T = Time

Calculation:

Let the time for which the person walked is "t" hours.

Distance travelled when walking at 10 km/h = 10 × t = 10t

Distance travelled when walking at 15 km/h = 15 × t = 15t

According to the question,

⇒ 15t - 10t = 30 km

⇒ 5t = 30 km

∴ t = 6 hours

Original distance = 10 × 6 = 60 km.

∴ The actual distance travelled by the man was 60 km.

Given:

Time taken by A to complete the work = 18 days

Time taken by B to complete the work = 24 days

Calculations:

Work done by A in 1 day = $1\over 18$

Work done by B in 1 day = $1\over 24$

Total work done by A and B in 1 day = $1\over 18$ + $1\over 24$ = $4+3\over 72$

Time taken to complete total work = $72\over7$ = 10$2\over 7$ days.

∴ The total work would be completed in 10$2\over 7$  days.

Shortcut Trick LCM(18, 24) = 72, Let total work 72u

Efficiency of A + B = 4 + 3 = 7u

total time = 72u/7u =  10$2\over 7$ days.

Calculation:

Ratio of zinc in the copper and zinc mixture = $9\over20$

Let the total weight of the melted mixture be "a" kg.

According to the question-

⇒ $9\over20$ × a = 27 kg

⇒ a = 27 × $20\over9$ = 60 kg

∴ The weight of the melted mixture is 60 kg.

Alternate Method The ratio of copper and zinc could be expressed as-

Hence, the total weight is 60 kg.

Concept:

Calculation:

 ${5 +{8^2 \times (30 \div 5 )} \over 48}$ - ${14 \over 7}$ 

⇒ ${5 +{8^2 \times 6} \over 48}$ - 2 

⇒  ${5 +{64 \times 6} \over 48}$ - 2 

⇒  ${5 +384 \over 48}$ - 2 

⇒ $389-96 \over 48$

⇒ $389-96 \over 48$ = 6.11 ≈ 6

∴ The answer is 6.

Formula:

Total surface area of solid cylinder = 2πr(h + r),

Where "h" and "r" are the height of the cylinder and the radius of the cylinder respectively.

Calculation:

Substituting the values, we get- 

⇒ Total surface = 2 × $22\over7$ × 14 × (14 + 7)

⇒ Total surface = 2 × 22 × 2 × 21 = 1848 cm2

∴ The total surface area of the cylinder is 1848 cm2

The correct answer is 'Eventually'.

Key Points

• The given Idiom 'In the long run' means after a long time or in the end.
• Example: It may be our best option in the long run.
• From the given options, The marked option 'eventually' means in the end; finally.
• Therefore, The correct meaning is 'eventually' and hence the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is 'inevitable'.

Key Points

• We need to substitute the given group of words with one word from the following options:
• Let's explore the meanings :
• Impossible means Complicated and difficult to do.(असंभव)
• Intolerable means too bad, unpleasant, or difficult to bear or accept.(न सहने योग्य)
• Inevitable means unable to be avoided, evaded, or escaped(अपरिहार्य)
• Irreparable means that cannot be repaired.(जो सुधार के योग्य न हो)
• Therefore, from the given meanings, the one word is 'inevitable'.
• ​Example: We have to accept that death is an inevitable fact of life.**
• Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is 'Raise'.

Key Points

• The given word 'Erect' means to raise and set in an upright or vertical position.(सीधी या सीधी स्थिति में उठाना)
• Example : He erected a marker over the grave.
• Therefore, from the given options, the marked option 'raise' is the synonym of the given word 'erect'.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is 'permanent'.

Key Points

• We have to choose the appropriate word from the given options to fill the given blank as our marked option.
• The marked option 'permanent' means lasting for a long time or forever; that will not change.
• From the given options, 'permanent' is the only word that fits well in the given blank and establishes the context.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is 'Total'.

Key Points 

• The given word 'Aggregate' means formed by adding together several amounts or things; total.(कुल)
• Example: Man Utd won the first leg 1-0 and Liverpool won the second 3-1, so the aggregate score was 3-2 to Liverpool.
• Therefore, from the given options, The marked option 'total' is the synonym of the given word 'aggregate'.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is 'pulled'.

Key Points

• We have to choose the appropriate word from the given options to fill the given blank as our marked option.
• The marked option 'pulled ' means to exert force or influence so as to cause it to move toward you.
• Example: The farmer pulled a plow behind him as he moved through his field.
• The given sentence implies that two young men take out the chain from the woman's neck and ran away.
  

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.