SSC CHSL Tier-1 2022: Official Paper (Held On: 14 March, 2023 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed here is:

'ANMGRS' is coded as 'PODJKX',

Similarly, for 'CHAIRS'

So, 'CHAIRS' is coded as 'POFXEZ'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

Second Letter = First Number - 2

Third Letter = Second Letter - 3

Let's check each option,

1) RPM

2) BZW

3) IGE

4) AYV

Here, we can see that only Option 3 doesn't follow the logic.

Hence, the correct answer is " IGE ".

Family Chart:

Given: 

J is the brother of L.

H is the wife of J.

N is the sister of P.

L is the father of N.

So, H is Father's Brother's wife of N.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

From the given open Dice:

6 and A is the opposite sides.

8 and 9 is the opposite sides.

7 and 4 is the opposite sides.

So, the face of '4' is opposite to the face showing '7'

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

→ Nursery is the initial stage of education.

→ Matriculation refers to the completion of secondary education or high school.

→ Higher Secondary follows matriculation and is typically the next level of education.

→ Graduation refers to the completion of an undergraduate degree.

→ Post-Graduation comes after graduation and refers to further education at a higher level, such as a master's or doctoral degree.

The correct logical order is: 

3. Nursery
4. Matriculation
5. Higher Secondary
6. Graduation
7. post-Graduation

Hence, the correct answer is " 3, 4, 5, 2, 1 ".

The logic followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: 1^st number + 133 = 2^nd number.

For, 434 ∶ 567

→ 434 + 133 = 567.

For, 617 ∶ 750

→ 617 + 133 = 750.

Similarly, for 839 ∶ ?

→ 839 + 133 = 972.

Hence, the correct answer is "972".

Given Equation: 21 ÷ 14 × 3 + 48 - 37.

After interchanging 14 and 21, the equation, we get:

→ 14 ÷ 21 × 3 + 48 - 37 =?

→ 2/3 × 3 + 48 - 37 =?

→ 2 + 48 - 37 =?

→ 50 - 37 = 13

Hence, the correct answer is "13".

The correct mirror image of the given figure is shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is " Option 3 ".

The logic followed here is:

⇒ The relationship between the words "Cockpit" and "Aeroplane" is that the cockpit is a part of an aeroplane. 

Let's check each option,

1) Student ∶ Class

→ Student is a part of Class. 

2) House ∶ Room

→ House is not a part of Room. Infact, Room is a part of House. Here, the order is incorrect.

3) Pencil ∶ Lead

→ Pencil is not a part of Lead. Infact, Lead is a part of Pencil. Here, the order is incorrect.

4) Bicycle ∶ Pedal

→ Bicycle is not a part of Pedal. Infact, Pedal is a part of Bicycle. Here, the order is incorrect.

Here, we can see that only Option 1 follow the logic.

Hence, the correct answer is " Student: Class ".

The logic followed here is:

⇒ @ denotes Subtraction.

⇒ The final result is obtained by reversing the digits of the number obtained by subtraction.

Let's check as per the logic,

617 @ 342 = 572:

→ 617 - 342 = 275.

→ Reversing the digits of 275, we get 572.

483 @ 342 = 141:

→ 483 - 342 = 141.

→ Reversing the digits of 141, we get 141.

Similarly,

280 @ 82 =?

→ 280 - 82 = 198.

→ Reversing the digits of 198, we get 891.

Hence, the correct answer is " 891 ".

The logic followed here is:

⇒ The First word denotes the device used to measure the Second word.

Let's check as per the logic:

Thermometer ∶ Temperature

→ Thermometer is a device which is used to measure the temperature.

Similarly,

Seismograph ∶?

→ Seismograph is used to measure Earthquake.

Hence, the correct answer is " Earthquake ".

Additional Information → Ammeter is used to measure Current.

→ Odometer is used to measure distance in vehicles.

The logic followed here is:

⇒ Rupee, Dollar and Euro are currencies of different countries.

⇒ Dhaka is the Capital of Bangladesh.

Here, we can see that Dhaka is the odd one.

Hence, the correct answer is " Dhaka ".

The logic followed here is:

⇒ The squares of the consecutive numbers starting with 2 has been added to get the next term of the series.

Hence, the correct answer is " 141 ".

From the given open Dice:

M and A is the opposite sides.

K and 7 is the opposite sides.

J and L is the opposite sides.

And, two opposite sides can not be the adjacent surfaces, so it can't be shows in a dice.

Now,

Option 1) 

→ Can be made, because no opposite sides in the given Dice.

Option 2) 

→ Can not be made, because J and L are the opposite sides.

Option 3) 

→ Can be made, because no opposite sides in the given Dice.

Option 4) 

→ Can be made, because no opposite sides in the given Dice.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

According to the given Venn diagram:

The shaded area shows the "total number of buttons and bottle".

So, the total number of buttons and bottle = 2 + 5 = 7.

Hence, the correct answer is "7".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (Sum of the opposite place value of all letters) × 4 = Code of the word.

'JAIL' is coded as '304'.

'LAWN' is coded as '232'.

Similarly, for 'NAVY'

So, 'NAVY' will be coded as '184'.

Hence, the correct answer is "184".

Given Statements:

I. Some R are C.

II. All R are K.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is:

Conclusions:

I. All K are R - False (Because, All R are K, means some K are R and All K are R is possible only).

II. All C are R - False (Because, Some R are C given and All C are R is possible only).

III. All C are K - False (Because, Some R are C and All R are K gives Some C are K, and All C are K are possible only).

So, Neither conclusion follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: (1^st number × 2) × (2^nd number × 3) = 3^rd number.

Now,

(13, 7, 546)

→ (13 × 2) × (7 × 3)

→ 26 × 21 = 546.

(14, 15, 1260)

→ (14 × 2) × (15 × 3)

→ 28 × 45 = 1260.

Similarly, (28, 21, 3528)

→ (28 × 2) × (21 × 3)

→ 56 × 63 = 3528.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The quadrilaterals are:

So, there is '11' quadrilaterals in the given figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "11".

The logic followed here is:

⇒ The first and third letter is interchanged.

⇒ The second letter remains same.

Let's check using the logic,

QTY ∶ YTQ

Similarly,

 ENR ∶?

Hence, the correct answer is " RNE ".

The logic followed here is:

Step I: Letter 'N' has shifting a place in clockwise direction in next images, and replaced with H.

Step II: Letter 'K' has shifting a place in clockwise direction in next images, and replaced with G.

Step III: Letter 'R' has shifting a place in clockwise direction in next images, and replaced with S.

Step IV: Letter 'P' has shifting a place in clockwise direction in next images, and replaced with T.

So, the complete series will be:

So, 'Option 4' will replace the question mark.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here:

⇒ (Third Number - Second Number) ÷ 2 = First Number.

(10, 22, 42):

→ (42 - 22) ÷ 2 = 10

→ (20) ÷ 2 = 10

→ 10 = 10

→ LHS = RHS.

(15, 14, 44):

→ (44 - 14) ÷ 2 = 15

→ (30) ÷ 2 = 15

→ 15 = 15

→ LHS = RHS.

Now, Let's check each option as per the logic:

1) (9, 22, 38):

→ (38 - 22) ÷ 2 = 9

→ (16) ÷ 2 = 9

→ 8 ≠ 9

→ LHS ≠ RHS.

2) (12, 12, 24):

→ (24 - 12) ÷ 2 = 12

→ (12) ÷ 2 = 12

→ 6 ≠ 12

→ LHS ≠ RHS.

3) (13, 12, 38):

→ (38 - 12) ÷ 2 = 13

→ (26) ÷ 2 = 13

→ 13 = 13

→ LHS = RHS.

4) (6, 3, 17):

→ (17 - 3) ÷ 2 = 6

→ (14) ÷ 2 = 6

→ 7 ≠ 6

→ LHS ≠ RHS.

Here, we can see that only Option 3 follow the logic.

Hence, the correct answer is " (13, 12, 38) ".

The logic followed here is:

⇒ First Number × (First Number)² = Second Number.

Let's check each option as per the logic:

1) 14 - 2844:

→ 14 × (14)² = 2844

→ 14 × 196 = 2844

→ 2744 ≠ 2844.

→ LHS ≠ RHS.

2) 12 - 1728:

→ 12 × (12)² = 1728

→ 12 × 144 = 1728

→ 1728 = 1728

→ LHS = RHS.

3) 20 - 8000:

→ 20 × (20)² = 8000

→ 20 × 400 = 8000

→ 8000 = 8000

→ LHS = RHS.

4) 10 - 1000:

→ 10 × (10)² = 1000

→ 10 × 100 = 1000

→ 1000 = 1000

→ LHS = RHS.

Here, we can see that only Option 1 doesn't follow the logic.

Hence, the correct answer is "14 - 2844".

The correct mirror image of the given figure is shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is " Option 1 ".

The correct answer is September - October.

Key Points

• The crops which are sown in the rainy season are called Kharif crops.
• Kharif crops are the crops that are sown at the beginning of the rainy season, e.g. between April and May.
• The Kharif crops are harvested in the month of September-October
• Important crops grown during this season are paddy, maize, jowar, bajra, tur (arhar), moong, urad, cotton, jute, groundnut and soybean.
• Kharif crop requires high temperature and high humidity.​

Additional Information

• There are three cropping seasons in India.
• Rabi.
• Kharif.
• Zaid.
• Rabi crops are sown in the winter season from October to December and harvested in the summer season from April to June.
• Wheat, Barley, Peas, Gram, and Mustard-produced during Rabi.
• Zaid season is a short season In between the Rabi and the Kharif seasons.
• Cucumber and watermelon are produced during Zaid.

The correct answer is Option 2. 

Key Points

• On October 11, 2022, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) raised the minimum capital requirement for setting up an asset reconstruction company (ARC) to Rs 300 crore from the existing Rs 100 crore.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the central bank of India, responsible for the formulation and implementation of monetary policy in the country.
• The RBI performs various functions and roles, including:
• Monetary Policy
• Currency Issuance
• Banking Regulation and Supervision
• Foreign Exchange Managemen
• Developmental Function
• Financial Stability

The correct answer is Intrusive igneous rocks.

Key Points

Concept:

• A rock is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloid matter.
• The earth's crust is composed of rocks.
• It is categorized by the minerals included its chemical composition and the way in which it is formed.
• The rock cycle is a basic concept of transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous.
• Each rock type is altered when it is forced out of its equilibrium conditions.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Option 1. 

Key Points

• International Solar Alliance's Fifth Assembly to be held in New Delhi from 17^th to 20^th October, 2022.
• India holds the office of the President of the ISA Assembly.
• Ministers, missions and delegates from 109 Member and Signatory Countries are set to participate in this meeting.
• The Assembly will be presided over by Shri R.K. Singh, Union Minister for Power, New and Renewable Energy.
• Shri R.K Singh emphasized that India is leading the global energy transition with unmatched speed.
• He highlighted the indispensable role of the International Solar Alliance in achieving our planet's energy transition objectives.
• The minister emphasized the significance of solar power as the most affordable energy source, stating that solar and mini grids hold the key to ensuring universal access to energy worldwide.

The correct answer is Metals react with acids and produce metal salts and hydrogen gas.

Key Points

• When an acid reacts with metal, salt and hydrogen are produced:
• Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen
• An example: Nitric acid + Calcium → Nitrate + Hydrogen.
• The salt that is produced depends upon which acid and which metal react.

Additional Information

• Metals readily react with acid and produce hydrogen gas which burns with a pop sound.
• Metals are placed above hydrogen in reactivity series and displace during a reaction with an acid.
• As acids have a property of giving H+ ions.
• A resultant is formed with the release of hydrogen gas.
• It doesn't matter which metal or which acid is used if there is a reaction we always get hydrogen gas as well as salt.
• However, how quickly the reaction goes depends on the metal used and how high up in the reactivity series it is.

Correct answer is: 250

Key Points:

• In recognition of the state government's groundbreaking reforms, the World Bank has extended an unconditional loan of $250 million to Supporting Andhra's Learning Transformation (SALT) project.
• The SALT project's reforms have resulted in a paradigm shift in the way education is delivered, and the results have been encouraging.
• The SALT Project is the World Bank's first project in the school education sector to be funded without any conditions.
• In the last three years, approximately 53,000 crores have been spent on school education.
• More than 40,31,239 children attended government schools during the academic year 2022-2023.
• The lack of facilities or the adoption of English as a medium of instruction in government schools is not the cause of the decrease in the number of children.$

The correct answer is State list

Key Points:

Some important subjects under all three lists are:

• There are 100 subjects that come under the Union list.
• There are 61 subjects that come under the State list.
• There are 52 subjects that come under the Concurrent List.
• Division of Powers comes under Seventh Schedule.
• Residuary list: The subject which does not come under union, state, a concurrent list that will come under residuary list.

Important Points

• The power to control the residuary list comes in the hand of parliament.
• Earlier there were 97, 66, and 47 subjects in Union, State, Concurrent list respectively.

The correct answer is Will Smith.

Key Points:

• The winners of the 94^th Academy Awards or Oscar awards were announced on 28 March 2022.
• Will Smith was declared best actor for 'King Richard.
• While Jessica Chastain won the best actress Oscar for “The Eyes of Tammy Faye."
• Jane Campion became just the third woman in the 94-year history of the Oscars to win the best director, for her “Power of the Dog.

Important Points:

• "CODA" won all three awards it was nominated for, including Best Picture in Oscar 2022 ceremony.
• ​Troy Kotsur, who won for best supporting actor, became the first Deaf man to win an Academy Award for acting.
• Jessica Chastain won her first Oscar for her performance in "The Eyes of Tammy Faye."

The correct answer is Mahi

Key Points

• Kadana Dam is an earthen and masonry dam on the Mahi river in the Mahisagar district of Gujarat, India.
• The dam was constructed between 1979 and 1989.
• The dam supports a pumped-storage hydroelectric power station.
• The first two generators commissioned, stage I, are reversible Kaplan turbines that allow the power station to generate electricity during peak hours and then pump it back into the reservoir during low-demand hours such as night.
• Kadana Eddy Marking Sedimentary Structures nearby has been declared the National Geological Monuments of India by the Geological Survey Of India, for their protection, maintenance, promotion, and enhancement of geo-tourism.

Additional InformationSabarmati River:

• The Sabarmati basin extends over the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat having an area of 21,674 Sq.km with a maximum length and width of 300 km and 150 km.
• It lies between 70°58’ to 73°51’ east longitudes and 22°15’ to 24°47’ north latitudes.
• Sabarmati river originates from the Aravalli hills in Kotdi tehsil of Udaipur district of Rajasthan.
• The basin is bounded by Aravalli hills on the north and north-east, by Rann of Kutch on the west and by the Gulf of Khambhat on the south.
• The basin is roughly triangular in shape with the Sabarmati River as the base and the source of the Vatrak River as the apex point.
• Sabarmati originates from Aravalli hills at an elevation of 762 m near village Tepur, in the Udaipur district of Rajasthan.
• Right Bank Tributaries: Sei, Siri and Dhamni
• Left Bank Tributaries: Wakal, Harnav, Hathmati, Khari, Watrak.

Tapti:

• The Tapti (also known as the Tapi) is the second-largest west-flowing river in Peninsular India and is known as ‘the twin’ or ‘the handmaid’ of the Narmada.
• It flows for about 724 km before outfalling into the Arabian Sea through the Gulf of Cambay (Gulf of Khambhat).
• The Tapti River along with its tributaries flows over the plains of Vidharbha, Khandesh, and Gujarat and over large areas in the state of Maharashtra and a small area in Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.
• Situated in the Deccan plateau, the basin is bounded by the
• Satpura range on the north,
• Mahadev hills on the east,
• Ajanta Range and the Satmala hills on the south, and
• by the Arabian Sea on the west.

The correct answer is 1850

Key Points:

• The British believed that Indian society had to be reformed.
• Laws were passed to stop the practice of Sati and to encourage the remarriage of widows.
• English-language education was actively promoted.
• After 1830, the Company allowed Christian missionaries to function freely in its domain and even own land and property.
• The Caste Disabilities Removal Act, 1850, was a law passed in British India under East India Company rule, that abolished all laws affecting the rights of people converting to another religion or caste.
• The new Act allowed Hindus who converted from the Hindu religion to another religion equal rights under the new law, especially in the case of inheritance.
• The Caste Disabilities Removal Act, of 1850 was passed to make the conversion to Christianity easier.
• This law allowed an Indian who had converted to Christianity to inherit the property of his ancestors.
• Many Indians began to feel that the British were destroying their religion, their social customs, and their traditional way of life.
• There were of course other Indians who wanted to change existing social practices.

The correct answer is Mohammad Rizwan

Key Points:

• The International Cricket Council (ICC) has announced the winners of the ICC Player of the Month awards for September 2022.
• India’s inspirational captain Harmanpreet Kaur is named the recipient of the ICC Women’s Player of the Month award, While Pakistan ace Mohammad Rizwan claims the ICC Men’s Player of the Month award.
• Harmanpreet Kaur becomes India’s first winner of the ICC Women’s Player of the Month.
• The India skipper was at her brilliant best during the ODI series, scoring 221 runs across the three matches, maintaining a strike rate of 103.47, and only being dismissed once.
• She displayed control and poise in the first match of the series at Hove, and her 74 not out helped her side chase down England’s total of 228 at a canter to win by seven wickets.
• Kaur claims her inaugural win by overcoming compatriot Smriti Mandhana and Bangladesh skipper Nigar Sultana in the global vote conducted among media representatives, ICC Hall of Famers, former international players, and fans registered.
• The ICC is the global governing body for cricket. Representing 108 members, the ICC governs and administrates the game and works with our members to grow the sport. The ICC is also responsible for the staging of all ICC Events.
• ICC Founded: 15 June 1909;
• ICC Chairman: Greg Barclay;
• ICC CEO: Geoff Allardice;
• ICC Headquarters: Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Correct Answer Andy Marino

Key Points:

• "Narendra Modi: A Political Biography" is a detailed book written by British author Andy Marino.
• It was published in 2014.
• The biography provides an in-depth look at Narendra Modi's life and his political journey, beginning with his early days in Vadnagar, Gujarat to his rise to the position of Prime Minister of India.

Correct Answer Ohm's

Key Points:

• The relationship between current, voltage, and resistance is described by Ohm's law. This law is given by George Simon Ohm in 1828

Ohm’s law:

• Ohm’s law states that at a constant temperature, the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.
• Voltage = Current × Resistance
• V = I × R
• V = voltage, I = current and R = resistance
• The SI unit of resistance is ohms and is denoted by Ω.
• It helps to calculate the power, efficiency, current, voltage, and resistance of an element of an electrical circuit.
• If an element follows ohm’s law, then the element is known as a linear element.
• Ex: Resistor

Limitation of ohm's Law:

• Ohm’s law is applicable for conductors only.
• Ohm’s law does not apply to unilateral networks. Unilateral networks allow the current to flow in one direction. Such types of networks consist of elements like a diode, transistor, etc.
• Ohm’s law is also not applicable to non - linear elements.
• Non-linear elements are those which do not have current exactly proportional to the applied voltage that means the resistance value of those elements changes for different values of voltage and current. An example of a non-linear element is a thyristor.
• Ohm’s law is also not applicable to vacuum tubes.

Additional InformationBoyle’s Law

• ​Boyle's law is a gas law that states that a gas's pressure and volume are inversely proportional.
• It states that at a constant temperature, the pressure exerted by a gas is inversely proportional to the volume occupied by it.
• According to the Boyle's Law:
• P1V1 = P2V2
• Where P1 = Initial Pressure

           P2 = Final Pressure

           V1 = Initial Volume 

           V2 = Final Volume

The five main gas laws in chemistry are Boyle's Law, Charle's Law, Gay Lussac's Law, Avogadro's Law, and Ideal Gas Law.

• Charle's law states that the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature at constant pressure.
• Gay-Lussac's law states that the pressure of a given mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature of the gas when the volume is kept constant.
• Avogadro's law or Avogadro-Ampère's hypothesis is an experimental gas law relating the volume of a gas to the amount of substance of gas present.
• The ideal gas law states that the product of the pressure and the volume of one gram molecule of an ideal gas is equal to the product of the absolute temperature of the gas and the universal gas constant.

Correct Answer Alla Rakha.

Key Points

• Ustad Allah Rakha was a renowned tabla player.
• Ustad Allah Rakha studied voice and Raag Vidya under Ashiq Ali Khan of the Patiala Gharana.
• He was awarded the Padma Shri in 1977 and the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1982.
• He was also featured in a Google doodle on 29 April 2014 on the occasion of his 95^th birthday.
• Zakir Hussain is the eldest son of Ustad Allah Rakha.

Additional Information

The correct answer is ​Netherlands.

Key Points

• The Netherlands clinched their ninth FIH Women’s Hockey World Cup by beating Argentina 3-1 in the final on 17 July 2022.
• Australia won the third place match by defeating Germany to claim their first World Cup medal as well.
• It was the 15^th edition of the Women's FIH Hockey World Cup.
• It was held from 1 to 17 July 2022 in Spain and the Netherlands.

**Additional Information:**​Sports:

• Youth World Boxing champions Alfiya Pathan & Gitika won gold medals at the first edition of the Elorda Boxing Cup in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan on 4 July 2022.
• Archers Jyothi Surekha Vennam and Abhishek Verma won the gold medal in the compound mixed team event at the Archery World Cup 2022 Stage- 3 in Paris on 25 June 2022.
• Cyclist Ronaldo Singh made history by winning a silver medal in the senior category sprint event at the Asian Track Cycling Championship 2022 (41^st edition) held in New Delhi.
• Neeraj Chopra won the gold medal at the Kuortane Games in Finland on 18 June 2022.
• On 14 June 2022, Chopra also broke his own national record with a throw of 89.30m at the Paavo Nurmi Games 2022.
• Indian para-powerlifters Manpreet Kaur and Parmjeet Kumar have won bronze medals in World Para-powerlifting 2022 Asia Oceania Open Championships.
• Indian weightlifter Saanapathi Gurunaidu won the gold medal in the men's 55-kilogram event at the IWF Youth World Championships in Leon, Mexico on 12 Jun'22.

The correct answer is Bhangra.

Key Points

• Bhangra is a lively form of folk music and dance that originates from Punjab.
• It is not considered a classical dance form in India.
• It is traditionally associated with the harvest festival of Baisakhi and is characterized by the beat of the dhol, a double-sided drum.
• The dance is known for its high energy levels, vibrant movements, and rhythmic beats.
• While Bhangra has its roots in traditional Indian culture, it has also evolved significantly in the modern age, influenced by other music genres and cultures.

Additional Information

• The Sangeet Natak Akademi recognizes 8 classical dances in India.
• 8 Classical Dances of India and States:

Important Points

• ​The Cultural Ministry of India has included Chhau in the list of classical dances making a total of 9 classical dance forms.

 

The correct answer is 1720.

Key Points

• In 1720, the British government enacted legislation known as the Calico Act, banning the use of printed cotton textiles - chintz - in England.
• This Act was brought into effect due to the fear that the import of cheap, colourful, and washable Indian textiles was harming the British wool and silk industries, which were unable to compete with the more attractive Indian products.
• The Calico Act prohibited the use of Indian textiles in Britain, but they were still allowed for re-export to other places, which ensured the continued operation of the East India Company.
• The Act illustrates the early impact of global trade and market forces and the measures that governments took to protect their domestic industries.
• Over time, as Britain's own cotton industry developed, the restrictions imposed by the Calico Act were gradually lifted.

Additional Information

• Calico Act:
• The Calico Act of 1720 was a piece of protectionist legislation by the British government.
• Calico refers to unbleached, plain-woven cotton textiles, initially imported from India.
• The use of calico from India had become widespread in England since it was inexpensive, brightly coloured, and considered exotic.
• The British textile industry felt threatened by the importation of Indian calico.
• To protect its wool and silk industries, the government passed the Calico Act, banning the use of cotton textiles in England.
• The Act is a significant indicator of how the British used legislation to control markets and trade in the interests of their home industries.

The correct answer is Full-duplex.

Key Points

• Full-duplex mode refers to the method of data transmission in which data can flow in both directions simultaneously.
• In this mode, both the sender and receiver can transmit data at the same time.
• This is akin to a telephone conversation where both parties can talk and listen simultaneously.
• Full-duplex communication requires two independent channels, one for sending data and the other for receiving.
• This mode is more efficient than half-duplex and simplex modes as it allows communication in both directions at the same time, making it faster for large amounts of data.
• Full-duplex systems are used in situations where there is a large volume of data to be transmitted and there is a need for real-time communication, such as in video conferencing, telephony, and server-client communication.

 Additional Information

The correct answer is Ctrl + C.

Key Points

• Ctrl + C is a universal keyboard shortcut on Microsoft systems that copies the selected text or item to the clipboard.
• This shortcut is used across many applications, not just MS Word.
• This includes other Microsoft Office applications, browsers, and file explorer.
• The copied data can then be pasted elsewhere using the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + V.
• This is a quicker and more efficient way of copying data than using the mouse to select 'Copy' from the right-click context menu or from the 'Edit' menu in the toolbar.
• It's also worth noting that the original data remains in place after the copy operation, allowing it to be copied to multiple locations if desired.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Karnataka.

Key Points

• Maharshi Valmiki Scheduled Tribes Development Corporation Limited is situated in Karnataka, a state in the southwestern region of India.
• This Corporation was established for the upliftment of the Scheduled Tribes in the state of Karnataka.
• It aims to provide financial assistance for income-generating activities to Scheduled Tribes in the state, contributing to their economic development.
• The Corporation also organizes awareness and training programs to help Scheduled Tribes members become self-sufficient.
• Besides providing financial aid, the Corporation's functions also include offering educational assistance, conducting surveys for need-based programs, and facilitating employment-oriented training programs.

Additional Information

• Maharshi Valmiki:
• Maharshi Valmiki is revered as the first poet of Sanskrit literature.
• He is the author of the epic Ramayana, which narrates the life of Lord Rama.
• Valmiki's contributions to Indian literature are highly esteemed, and he holds a significant place in the cultural and religious history of India.
• His name is often associated with social justice initiatives in India, symbolizing upliftment and empowerment, especially in the context of organizations like Maharshi Valmiki Scheduled Tribes Development Corporation Limited.
• Apart from the Ramayana, there are other works attributed to Valmiki in traditional Indian literature.
• However, it's worth noting that the authorship of these works is often disputed due to the time elapsed since they were written.
• These works include:
• Yoga Vasistha:
• Sometimes attributed to Valmiki, this is a discourse by sage Vasistha to Prince Rama, during a period when Rama is in a dejected state.
• It contains teachings of Advaita Vedanta and is structured as a conversation between Vasistha, a learned sage, and Rama.
• Valmiki Ramayana in Prakrit:
• This is said to be a version of the Ramayana written by Valmiki in Prakrit language, but its authenticity and authorship are debated among scholars.

The correct answer is seventh.

Key Points

• India:
• It is the seventh-largest country in the world.
• Russia, Canada, China, the United States, Brazil, Australia are the top six largest countries respectively.
• It occupies 2.4 per cent of the total land area of the world.
• Indian population is 17.7% of the total world population.
• The name 'India’ is derived from the Indus river.

Additional Information

• India is the world’s oldest, largest civilization.
• It has the largest postal system.
• India is the second-largest English speaking country in the world.
• India has the world’s largest Hindu population.

The correct answer is virtual and erect.

 Key Points

• Convex Mirror
• A Convex Mirror curves outward like the back of a spoon.
• In a convex mirror, light originating from the same point will reflect off the mirror surface and diverge.
• Hence convex mirror is sometimes referred to as a diverging mirror.
• The type of image formed by these mirrors is always imaginary or virtual.
• Uses of Convex Mirror

1. It is used as a rearview mirror in the vehicle because it provides the maximum near field of view.
2. In Sodium reflector lamp.

• Concave Mirror
• A Concave mirror is a mirror that has a slightly inward curve like the inside of a spoon.
• The Curved surfaces focus parallel rays from a great distance into a single point for enhanced intensity.
• Uses of Concave Mirror

1. As a shaving glass
2. As a reflector for headlights of vehicles, and searchlights.
3. An ophthalmoscope examines the eye, ear, and nose doctors.
4. In Solar cookers.

 Confusion Points

• Do not confuse between Concave/Convex Lens and Mirror
• Convex lens
• The convex lens is also called a converging lens.
• Concave lens
• The concave lens is also called a diverging lens.

The correct answer is Alireza Firouzja.

Key Points

• The ninth edition of the Sinquefield Cup was held in September 2022.
• The event concluded with a play-off after nine eventful rounds.
• The play-off consisted of two rapid games.
• The play-off was between Grandmasters Ian Nepomniachtchi and Alireza Firouzja.
• The winner of the Sinquefield Cup in 2022 was Alireza Firouzja​.

Additional Information

• The Sinquefield Cup is an annual, invitation-only chess tournament held in St. Louis, Missouri.
• Named after Rex Sinquefield, an American businessman and chess patron, the Cup is part of the Grand Chess Tour, a series of international chess tournaments.
• It has been hosting some of the world's top players since its inception in 2013.
• The format of the tournament is a 10-player round-robin, meaning each participant plays against every other participant.

The correct answer is Q = f(L, C).

Key Points

• The production function is a mathematical representation of the relationship between inputs (like labour and capital) and the output of a firm or industry.
• The production function typically takes the form
• Q = f(L, C)
• Where Q represents the maximum output that can be produced given the inputs.
• In this equation, L is the quantity of labor used in the production process and C is the quantity of capital used.
• The function f(.) describes the specific relationship between the inputs and output.
• This relationship is usually determined empirically, based on observations of real-world production processes.
• The equation Q = f(L, C) is a representation of the concept of production technology, which describes how firms transform inputs into outputs.
• It's a fundamental concept in the study of production and cost in microeconomics.

The correct answer is Union list.

Key Points

• The Central Bureau of Intelligence and Investigation (CBI) comes under the Union List of the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution.
• The Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution is about the allocation of powers and functions between the Union and the States.
• It contains three lists:
• Union List
• State List, and
• Concurrent List.
• The Union List is where the Union has exclusive powers to deal with certain subjects.
• The Central Bureau of Intelligence and Investigation is one of the subjects in the Union List.
• This means that the central government has exclusive jurisdiction over the CBI, which is a key agency for national intelligence and investigations​1​.

Additional Information

• State List:
• This list contains subjects on which only the state government can make laws.
• The subjects under this list pertain to matters of regional and local importance.
• Examples include police, agriculture, and public health.
• Concurrent List:
• ​This list contains subjects on which both the Union and the State Governments are competent to legislate.
• However, in case of a conflict between Union and State law on the same subject, the Union law prevails.
• Examples of subjects in this list include bankruptcy and insolvency, marriage and divorce, bankruptcy and insolvency, and education.
• Transferred List:
• This option is not a part of the Seventh Schedule.
• It might be a reference to the subjects that were transferred from the State List to the Concurrent List by constitutional amendments, but it's not an official term used in the Indian Constitution.

Calculation:

Families whose income is more than or equal to 10000 but less than or equal to 25000 = 3 + 4 + 8 = 15

The total number of families whose income is more than 35000 but less than or equal to 50000 = 10 + 4 + 5 = 19

Difference = 19 -15 = 4.

∴ Option 1 is the correct answer.

Given:

Speed of train = 50 km/hr

Speed of walking = 10 km/hr

Total time for journey = 12 hours

Concept:

We'll use the concept of average speed which is Total Distance / Total Time

Solution:

Let the distance to be covered be 'd' km.

Time taken by train = d / 50, Time taken by walking = d / 10

d/50 + d/10 = 12

d = 500/5

⇒ d = 100 km

Hence, the distance traveled by train is 100 km.

Shortcut Trick

Use the ratio formula: CP / MP = (100 − Discount%) / (100 + Profit%)

CP / MP = (100 − 20) / (100 + 30) = 80 / 130 = 8 / 13

Let MP = 13 and CP = 8. New SP = 90% of MP = 13 × 0.9 = 11.7

New Profit% = [(11.7 − 8) / 8] × 100 = (3.7 / 8) × 100 = 46.25%

∴ The correct answer is 46.25 percent profit.

Alternate Method

Given: First discount = 20%, Initial profit = 30%, Second discount = 10%.

Formula: SP = MP × (100 − D)% | Profit% = [(SP − CP) / CP] × 100

⇒ Let Cost Price (CP) = 100

⇒ Initial Selling Price (SP₁) = 100 + 30% of 100 = 130

⇒ Since SP₁ is obtained after 20% discount on Marked Price (MP):

⇒ 130 = MP × (100 − 20) / 100 ⇒ 130 = MP × 0.8

⇒ MP = 130 / 0.8 = 162.5

⇒ New discount = 10%, so New Selling Price (SP₂) = 162.5 × (100 − 10) / 100

⇒ SP₂ = 162.5 × 0.9 = 146.25

⇒ New Profit = SP₂ − CP = 146.25 − 100 = 46.25

⇒ New Profit% = (46.25 / 100) × 100 = 46.25%

∴ The correct answer is 46.25 percent profit.

Additional Information

Relation between CP and MP

The direct relationship is given by CP / MP = (100 − D%) / (100 ± P/L%), where D is discount and P/L is profit or loss percentage.

Mark-up Percentage

Mark-up % = [(MP − CP) / CP] × 100. It represents how much the price is increased above the cost price before offering a discount.

Successive Discounts

If two discounts d₁ and d₂ are given, the effective discount is [d₁ + d₂ − (d₁ × d₂) / 100]%.

Given:

(k + 1/k)² = 9

Formula used:

(k³ + 1/k³) = (k + 1/k)³ - 3(k + 1/k)

Calculation:

(k + 1/k)2 = 9

k + 1/k = 3

(k3 + 1/k3) = (k + 1/k)3 - 3(k + 1/k)

(k3 + 1/k3) = (3)3 - 3(3)

(k3 + 1/k3) = 27 - 9

(k3 + 1/k3) = 18

∴ Option 2 is the correct answer.

Given:

A circle with a chord of length 40 cm which is 15 cm away from the centre of the circle.

We are to find the length of another chord in the same circle which is 20 cm away from the centre.

Concept Used:

The Perpendicular from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord.

Pythagorean theorem: Hypotenuse²  = Base² + Perpendicular²

Calculation:

MP = PN = MN/2 = 40/2 = 20 cm, and

The distance from the centre as d1 = 15 cm.

From the Pythagorean theorem, the radius r of the circle is:

⇒ $r = \sqrt(a^2 + d1^2)$ 

⇒ $\sqrt((20 cm)^2 + (15 cm)^2)$

⇒ $\sqrt(400 cm^2 + 225 cm^2)$

⇒ $\sqrt(625 cm^2)$

⇒ 25 cm.

For the unknown chord, let's denote half of its length as x/2, and the known distance from the centre as d2 = 20 cm.

Again using the Pythagorean theorem, we find b as:

 $x/2 = \sqrt(r^2 - d2^2)$

⇒ $\sqrt((25 cm)^2 - (20 cm)^2)$

⇒ $\sqrt(625 cm^2 - 400 cm^2)$

⇒ $\sqrt(225 cm^2)$

⇒ 15 cm.

So, the full length of the unknown chord is x = 2 × 15 cm = 30 cm.

Therefore, the length of the chord of the same circle which is at a distance of 20 cm from the center of the circle is 30 cm.

∴ Option 4 is the correct answer.

Given:

3126 ÷ 4 of 521 + 5 x 3

Concept Used:

Calculation:

3126 ÷ 4 x 521 + 5 x 3

3126/2084 + 15

1.5 + 15

16.5

∴ Option 4 is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

When the Cost Price (CP) of two articles is the same, the overall profit or loss percentage is the simple average of the individual profit and loss percentages.

Overall % = (Profit % − Loss %) ÷ 2

Overall % = (10 − 20) ÷ 2 = −10 ÷ 2 = −5%

The negative sign indicates an overall loss of 5%.

∴ The correct answer is 5 percent.

Alternate Method

Article 1 CP = ₹3000

+10% (+₹300)

Article 2 CP = ₹3000

−20% (−₹600)

Total CP = ₹6000 | Net Loss = ₹300

Given:

Cost Price (CP) of first article = ₹3000

Cost Price (CP) of second article = ₹3000

Profit on first article = 10%

Loss on second article = 20%

Formula Used:

Profit or Loss Amount = CP × (Profit or Loss %) ÷ 100

Overall Loss % = (Net Loss ÷ Total CP) × 100

Calculations:

⇒ Total Cost Price = ₹3000 + ₹3000 = ₹6000

⇒ Profit on first article = 10% of 3000 = (10 ÷ 100) × 3000 = ₹300

⇒ Loss on second article = 20% of 3000 = (20 ÷ 100) × 3000 = ₹600

⇒ Net Loss = Total Loss − Total Profit = ₹600 − ₹300 = ₹300

⇒ Overall Loss % = (300 ÷ 6000) × 100

⇒ Overall Loss % = 5%

∴ The correct answer is 5 percent.

Additional Information

When Cost Prices are Equal

If articles are bought at the same price and sold at x% profit and y% loss, the overall percentage is simply their average: (x − y) ÷ 2 %.

When Selling Prices are Equal

If two articles are sold at the exact same price, one at a profit of x% and the other at a loss of x%, the net result is always a loss given by the direct formula: (x² ÷ 100) %.

Successive Percentage Change

If a single value undergoes successive percentage changes of a% and b%, the effective overall percentage change is: a + b + (a × b) ÷ 100.

Given:

In ΔPQR, angle bisector of ∠P intersects QR at M.

PQ = PR

Concept Used:

When two sides of a triangle are equal then the triangle is isosceles and and angles opposite to equal sides are equal in measure.

Calculation:

In ΔPQR, PQ = PR

⇒ ∠Q = ∠R = b

PM is the angle bisector of ∠P.

∠QPM = ∠RPM = a

In ΔPQR, apply Angle Sum Property

∠P + ∠Q + ∠R = 180° 

∠P + b + b = 180° 

∠P = 180° - 2b

∠QPM = (180° - 2b)/2 = 90° - b

In ΔPQM

Let ∠PMQ = θ

∠QPM + ∠Q + ∠M = 180° 

90 - b + b + θ = 180° 

θ = 180° - 90° 

θ = 90° 

∠PMQ = 90°

Solution:

Total sharpeners sold by A (P1) = 200 + 190 + 170 + 165 + 155 = 880

Total sharpeners sold by B (P2) = 155 + 160 + 210 + 180 + 175 = 880

Ratio P1/P2 = 880/880 = 1

Hence, the value of (P1/P2) is 1.

Given

Radius of a sphere = 3.5 cm

Concept:

We'll use the formula for the total surface area of a sphere which is 4πr^2.

Solution:

Total surface area = 4π(3.5 cm)^2 = 154 cm2

Therefore, the total surface area of the sphere is 154 cm2.

Given

Student A got 25 marks more than Student B.

Marks of A = 60% of the sum of A and B's marks.

Concept: We'll use the given conditions to set up equations and solve them.

Solution:

Let marks of B = x. Then, marks of A = x + 25.

From the second condition, x + 25 = 0.6 ×  (x + x + 25) ⇒ x + 25 = 0.6 ×  (2x + 25)

Solving the equation, we get x = 50. Therefore, marks of B = 50.

Marks of A = 50 + 25 = 75.

Therefore, the marks obtained by A and B are 75 and 50 respectively.

Given:

x2 + 1/x2 = 4

Formula used:

(x2 + 1/x2 )² = x⁴ + 1/x⁴ + 2

Calculation:

(x2 + 1/x2 )2 = x4 + 1/x4 + 2

(4)2 = x4 + 1/x4 + 2

16 = x4 + 1/x4 + 2

x4 + 1/x4 = 14

∴ Option 2 is the correct answer.

Given:

Inradius of an equilateral triangle = 5√3 cm.

Concept: We'll use the formula of the inradius of an equilateral triangle which is a = 2√3r, where 'a' is the side length and 'r' is the inradius.

Solution:

Side of the triangle = 2√3 × 5√3 = 30

Therefore, the length of the side of the equilateral triangle is 30 cm.

Given

Sales of P in years A and B: 100, 200

Sales of Q in years D and E: 100, 50

Sales of P in year C = 300

Sales of Q in year D = 100

Concept: We'll calculate the required ratios and percentages and compare with the given statements.

Solution:

Combined sales of P in years A and B = 100 + 200 = 300

Combined sales of Q in years D and E = 100 + 50 = 150

Ratio of combined sales of P in years A and B to that of combined sales of Q in years D and E = 300/150 = 2 : 1

Sales of P in year C is 300% of the sales of Q in year D = 3 × 100 = 300.

Therefore, Statement II is correct, but Statement I is not correct.

Calculation:

√2 sec² - 4sec θ + 2$√{2}$ = 0

⇒ √2 sec2 - 2sec θ - 2sec θ + 2$√{2}$ = 0

⇒ √2sec θ(sec θ - √2) - 2(sec θ - √2) = 0

⇒ (sec θ - √2)(√2sec θ- 2) = 0

⇒ sec θ = √2 

⇒ θ = 45° 

⇒ sin2 θ + tan2 θ = sin² 45° + tan² 45° 

⇒ 1/2 + 1 = 3/2

∴ Option 4 is the correct answer.

Given: 

M is the incentre of ΔXYZ.

∠YXZ + ∠YMZ = 150° 

Concept Used:

If M is the incentre.

∠YMZ = 90° + ∠YXZ/2

Calculation:

∠YXZ + ∠YMZ = 150° 

∠YMZ = 150 - ∠YXZ

M is the incentre.

∠YMZ = 90° + ∠YXZ/2

150 - ∠YXZ = 90° + ∠YXZ/2

60 = 3∠YXZ/2

∠YXZ = 40° 

∴ Option 1 is the correct answer.

Given

10 consecutive numbers.

Average of the middle two numbers = 13.5.

Concept:

We'll use the property that the average of two middle numbers in a series of consecutive numbers is the average of the whole series.

Solution:

The average of the whole series of 10 numbers is also 13.5.

Hence, the first number = 13.5 - 4.5 = 9 (since the average is the middle of the series of 10 numbers).

Sum of first 6 numbers = 6 × average of first and sixth number = 6 × (9+14)/2 = 69.

Therefore, the sum of the first 6 numbers is 69.

Given

a + b + c = 6

a² + b² + c² = 40

Formula used:

a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc = (a + b + c)(a² + b² + c² - ab - bc - ac)

Solution:

a + b + c = 6

​⇒ (a + b + c)² = 6²

⇒ a² + b² + c² + 2ab + 2bc + 2ac = 36

⇒ 40 + 2(ab + bc + ca) = 36

⇒ 2(ab + bc + ca) = - 4

⇒ ab + bc + ca = - 2

and

a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac)

⇒ a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = (6)[40 - (-2)]

⇒ a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 6 × 42

⇒ a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 252

Therefore, the value of a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc is 252.

Given:

Principal = Rs. 1000

Amount after 2 years = Rs. 1060.90

Concept:

We'll use the formula for compound interest, A = P(1 + r/n)^(not), where A is the amount, P is the principal, r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of times interest is compounded per year, and t is the time in years.

Solution:

Given that interest is compounded annually, n = 1.

So the equation becomes A = P(1 + r)^t

Rearranging for r, we get r = (A/P)^(1/t) - 1 = (1060.90/1000)^(1/2) - 1 = 0.03 or 3%.

Therefore, the rate of compound interest per annum is 3%.

Given:

cosec B = 3/2

Concept:

We'll use the trigonometric identities sin² B + cos² B = 1 and cot B = cos B/sin B to solve this problem.

Solution:

sin B = 1/cosec B = 2/3.

Using the identity sin² B + cos² B = 1, we can solve for cos B to get cos B = √(1 - sin² B) = √(1 - (2/3)²) = √5/3.

cot B = cos B/sin B = (√5/3)/(2/3) = √5/2.

cot B sin B = (√5/2) × (2/3) = √5/3.

Therefore, the value of cot B sin B is √5/3.

Calculation:

J1 = The total foreign trade by country A in all the 5 years. = 170 + 150 + 75 + 65 + 35 = 495

J2 = The total foreign trade by country B in all the 5 years. = 45 + 105 + 195 + 175 + 90 = 610

J2 - J1 = 610 - 495 = 115

∴ Option 2 is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

By complementary angles rule: cos A = sin B and tan A = cot B when A + B = 90°.

Since 62° + 28° = 90° ⇒ cos 62° ÷ sin 28° = 1

Since 34° + 56° = 90° ⇒ tan 34° ÷ cot 56° = 1

Therefore, the expression becomes: 5 × 1 − 2 × 1 = 3

∴ The correct answer is 3.

Alternate Method

Given:

Expression: (5 cos 62° ÷ sin 28°) − (2 tan 34° ÷ cot 56°)

Formula Used:

cos θ = sin(90° − θ)

tan θ = cot(90° − θ)

Calculations:

⇒ cos 62° = sin(90° − 62°)

⇒ cos 62° = sin 28°

⇒ tan 34° = cot(90° − 34°)

⇒ tan 34° = cot 56°

Substituting these values into the given expression:

⇒ [5 × sin 28° ÷ sin 28°] − [2 × cot 56° ÷ cot 56°]

⇒ 5(1) − 2(1)

⇒ 5 − 2

⇒ 3

∴ The correct answer is 3.

Additional Information

Complementary Angle Relations

Trigonometric functions of complementary angles satisfy: sin(90° − θ) = cos θ, cos(90° − θ) = sin θ, tan(90° − θ) = cot θ, and cot(90° − θ) = tan θ.

Reciprocal Relations

The reciprocal relationships are given by: cosec θ = 1 ÷ sin θ, sec θ = 1 ÷ cos θ, and cot θ = 1 ÷ tan θ.

Pythagorean Identities

Important trigonometric identities include: sin²θ + cos²θ = 1, sec²θ − tan²θ = 1, and cosec²θ − cot²θ = 1.

Shortcut Trick

The average of the three numbers ≈ 36 ÷ 3 = 12.

Check consecutive composite numbers around 12: 10, 12, and 14.

Sum = 10 + 12 + 14 = 36 (Condition satisfied).

Product = 10 × 12 × 14 = 1680.

∴ The correct answer is 1680.

Alternate Method

Given:

Sum of three consecutive composite numbers = 36

Concept Used:

Composite numbers are integers strictly greater than 1 that have more than two positive divisors. The sequence of composite numbers starts as: 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16...

Calculation:

⇒ Let us test consecutive triplets of composite numbers to find a sum of 36.

⇒ 8 + 9 + 10 = 27 (Too small)

⇒ 9 + 10 + 12 = 31 (Too small)

⇒ 10 + 12 + 14 = 36 (Matches exactly)

⇒ The three consecutive composite numbers are 10, 12, and 14.

⇒ Product = 10 × 12 × 14

⇒ Product = 120 × 14 = 1680

∴ The correct answer is 1680.

Additional Information

Composite Numbers

Numbers that have more than two distinct positive divisors. For example, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12 etc.

Prime Numbers

Numbers greater than 1 that have exactly two divisors: 1 and the number itself. For example, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 etc.

Number 1

The number 1 is a unique integer that is neither prime nor composite.

Consecutive Numbers

Numbers that follow each other in order without gaps. When specifying composite numbers, they represent adjacent values in that specific mathematical subset.

Shortcut Trick

Let total work = LCM(20, 40) = 40 units.

Combined efficiency of A, B, and C = 40 ÷ 20 = 2 units/day.

Efficiency of A alone = 40 ÷ 40 = 1 unit/day.

Efficiency of B and C together = 2 − 1 = 1 unit/day.

Part of the work completed by B and C in 1 day = 1 / 40.

∴ The correct answer is 1/40.

Alternate Method

Given:

Time taken by A, B, and C together to finish the work = 20 days

Time taken by A alone to finish the work = 40 days

Formula Used:

Total Work = LCM of given days

Efficiency = Total Work ÷ Time Taken

Calculations:

⇒ Efficiency of (B + C) = Efficiency of (A + B + C) − Efficiency of A

⇒ Efficiency of (B + C) = 2 − 1 = 1 unit/day

⇒ Part of the work B and C together finish in a day = Efficiency of (B + C) ÷ Total Work

⇒ Part of work = 1 ÷ 40 = 1/40

∴ The correct answer is 1/40.

Additional Information

Time & Work Relation

Total Work = Efficiency × Time taken. Time taken and efficiency are inversely proportional to each other for a given amount of work.

Pipes & Cisterns

Works on the same concept as Time & Work, but filling pipes have positive efficiency while emptying pipes have negative efficiency.

Work & Wages

Total wages are always distributed in the ratio of the actual total work done by the individuals, not just their efficiency or time.

Shortcut Trick

Apply the Cross-Multiplication Method on the Income and Expenditure ratios.

Product difference of ratios: |(4 × 4) − (5 × 5)| = |16 − 25| = 9 units

Product difference of ratio and savings: |(5 × 12000) − (4 × 6000)| = |60000 − 24000| = ₹36000

⇒ 9 units = ₹36000 → 1 unit = ₹4000

⇒ A's Income = 4 units = 4 × 4000 = ₹16000

∴ The correct answer is ₹16000.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of Incomes of A and B = 4 : 5

Ratio of Expenditure of A and B = 5 : 4

Savings of A = ₹6000 | Savings of B = ₹12000

Formula Used:

Income − Expenditure = Savings

Let the Income of A be 4x and B be 5x.

Let the Expenditure of A be 5y and B be 4y.

⇒ 4x − 5y = 6000 → (Eq. 1)

⇒ 5x − 4y = 12000 → (Eq. 2)

To find x, eliminate y by multiplying (Eq. 1) by 4 and (Eq. 2) by 5:

⇒ 16x − 20y = 24000

⇒ 25x − 20y = 60000

Subtracting the equations:

⇒ (25x − 16x) = 60000 − 24000

⇒ 9x = 36000

⇒ x = 4000

⇒ Income of A = 4x = 4 × 4000 = 16000

∴ The correct answer is ₹16000.

Additional Information

Income, Expenditure and Savings

The fundamental relation is Income = Expenditure + Savings. When ratios are given, using a constant like 'x' for income and 'y' for expenditure is standard for setting up simultaneous equations.

Cross-Multiplication Technique

This is a shortcut for problems where two ratios are given along with an absolute change (like savings). Difference of cross products of ratios = Difference of cross products of ratio and constants.

Ratio and Proportion Properties

If A : B = c : d, then A = ck and B = dk. This property allows us to convert relative values into absolute algebraic terms for easier calculation.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Invulnerable'.

Key Points

• The word that can substitute the group of words "One that cannot be harmed/wounded" is "Invulnerable".
• "Invulnerable" means incapable of being wounded, hurt, or damaged.
• It comes from the Latin word "invulnerabilis" from in- "not" + vulnerabilis "woundable".
• The correct Hindi translation of "Invulnerable" is "अभेद्य", which means something that can't be harmed or breached.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Invulnerable'.

Additional Information

• "Mortal" refers to a being that is susceptible to death;(नश्वर)
• "Mystic" refers to a person who seeks spiritual experiences or realities beyond the normal human experience, often through prayer or deep contemplation. (रहस्यवादी)
• "Bigot" refers to a person who is intolerantly devoted to his or her own opinions and prejudices.(कट्टर)

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• The sentence with no spelling error is: "Your employees also have access to this data."
• The explanation of the correct sentence is as follows:
• "Your" is the correct spelling for the second person possessive adjective.
• "Employees" is the correct spelling for the plural form of "employee", which means someone who works for a person or business for wage or salary.
• "Also" is correctly spelled. It's an adverb that means 'in addition' or 'too'.
• "Have" is the correct form of the verb to have in this context.
• "Access" is correctly spelled and means the means or opportunity to approach or enter a place.
• "To" is a preposition, and it is correctly spelled.
• "This" is a demonstrative adjective that points forward to a following noun or noun phrase. It's correctly spelled.
• "Data" is the plural of "datum" and refers to facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis. It is also correctly spelled.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: "Your employees also have access to this data."

Additional Information

• The other sentences have spelling mistakes:
• "Employes" should be "employees" and "acess" should be "access".
• "datas" should be "data".

The correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Key Points

• When converting a sentence from active to passive voice, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence, and the subject of the active sentence becomes the 'agent' in the passive sentence.
• The verb takes the form of "be + past participle."
• In the given active sentence, "She" is the subject, "persuaded" is the verb, and "him" is the object.
• When it's turned into a passive voice, "He" (formerly the object) becomes the subject, "was persuaded" is the verb in its "be + past participle" form, and "by her" (formerly the subject) is now the agent.
• The phrase "for over a year" remains the same as it is a prepositional phrase showing duration and does not impact the structure of the sentence in terms of active or passive voice.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'He was persuaded by her for over a year'.

The correct answer is 'Option 3'.

Key Points

• S, "A full understanding of glacial-interglacial carbon dynamics", introduces the topic of the sentence, making it the logical starting point.
• P, "requires knowledge of the complex interplay among ocean", expands on what is needed for a full understanding of the topic introduced in S. It also ends in a way that suggests more information is about to follow, making it a bridge to the next part.
• Q, "chemistry and circulation, ecology of marine and terrestrial", gives more detail on the complex interplay mentioned in P. It lists aspects related to ocean and ends in a way that suggests further detailing is about to follow, making it a link to the next part.
• R, "organisms, ice sheet dynamics, and atmospheric chemistry and circulation", completes the detail on the complex interplay. It includes elements that link to both marine (organisms, ice sheet dynamics) and terrestrial (atmospheric chemistry and circulation) aspects, thus finishing the sentence in a coherent manner.

Therefore, the correct order is: 'SPQR'.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'To clean'.

Key Points

• The correct improvement for the sentence "They hired a maid 'to have cleaner' the house." is: "to clean"
• The phrase "to clean" is the correct infinitive verb form that should be used in this sentence.
• The infinitive form "to clean" indicates the purpose for which the maid was hired.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: "They hired a maid to clean the house."

Additional Information

• "To cleans" is incorrect because the infinitive form of the verb "clean" is "to clean", not "to cleans". The "s" is added to the base form of the verb when the subject is third-person singular (he, she, it), but in the infinitive form, we do not add "s".
• "For cleaner" is incorrect because "cleaner" is a comparative adjective and doesn't fit properly in the context of the sentence. Also, "for" does not properly indicate the purpose in this case.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Hesitate'.

Key Points

• The word that means the same as the given word "Vacillate" is "Hesitate".
• "Vacillate" comes from the Latin word "vacillatus," which means to sway.
• In English**, it is used to describe** someone who is unable to decide or choose, often changing their mind back and forth.(अनिश्चित रहना)
• "Hesitate" means to pause before you do or say something, often because you are uncertain or nervous about it.(हिचकिचाहट)

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Hesitate'.

Additional Information

• Now, let's look at the options:
• "Advance" in English refers to the act of moving forward or making progress, both physically and metaphorically.(आगे बढ़ना)
• "Stir" means to move or to mix by making circular movements, especially in cooking or the processing of liquid.(हिलना)
• "Plunge" means to jump, dive, or fall quickly and energetically.(डुबकी)

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Animated'.

Key Points

• "Animated" means to give an appearance of life, liveliness, or activity.
• In the context of graphics or digital media, it refers to something that is made to appear to move.
• Google often celebrates events and holidays with animated graphics or doodles on their homepage, making "animated" the most fitting option in this context.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'Google on Saturday celebrated the onset of spring in the northern hemisphere with an animated graphic.

Additional InformationNow let's look at the other options:

• "Rooting" generally means to establish deeply and firmly or to encourage a team or person. However, it does not make sense in the context of describing a graphic.
• "Freezing" means turning into ice or another solid as a result of extreme cold. It's contradictory to use this word while talking about the onset of spring, a season associated with warming temperatures.
• "Implanting" generally means to insert or fix something in a place. It doesn't fit in this context as it doesn't describe the nature of a graphic appropriately.

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Eulogize'

Key Points

• The word that is opposite in meaning to the given word "Reprove" is "Eulogize".
• "Reprove" means to criticize or correct, usually in a gentle way to encourage better behavior.(निन्दा करना)
• The word comes from the Latin "reprobare" which means "disapprove, reject."
• "Eulogize" means to speak or write in high praise of someone, often at a funeral.(प्रशंसा करना)
• It comes from the Greek words "eu", meaning good or well, and "logos", meaning word or speech.
• It is the opposite of reprove because instead of criticizing, it involves praising.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Eulogize'.

Additional Information

• Now, let's look at the options:
• "Rap" can refer to a type of music, but it can also mean to criticize sharply.(फटकारना)
• "Pummel" means to beat or strike repeatedly, usually used in a physical context but can also be used metaphorically.(घूसा मारना)
• "Keelhaul" is a historical naval term that means to punish by dragging under the keel of a ship(कठोर दंड देना)

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'Continuation'.

Key Points

• The word that is opposite in meaning to the given word "Abeyance" is "Continuation".
• "Abeyance" means a state of temporary suspension or inactivity.
• It's derived from the Old French "abeance" meaning 'aspiration, desire,' which is semantically opposite to the notion of suspension or inactivity.(निलंबन)
• "Continuation" means the action of carrying on an activity or process.(निरंतरता)
• It represents the continuation of a process or state without interruption, which is the exact opposite of "abeyance".

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Continuation'.

Additional Information

• Let's go through the options:
• "Latency" refers to a period where a condition is present but not active or visible. (अवकाशावस्था)
• "Moratorium" is a temporary suspension of activity, especially a suspension of the enforcement of contracts such as payment of debts.(स्थगन)
• "Layoff" refers to the act of suspending or terminating employment, often temporarily. (निलंबन)