SSC CHSL Previous Paper 27 (Held On: 16 March 2018 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 3

Key Points

• The definite article 'the' is used to refer to something in particular or definite. 
• When something in particular is referred to we should always use the.
• But when talking about things in general, we should not use the definite article.
• In the given sentence junk food is a very broad term and nothing particular is mentioned here.
• If the junk food being talked about was from a specific or particular place or outlet we could have used the.
• Therefore in the given sentence, the should be omitted.
• The correct sentence is: My mother told me not to eat junk food.

Additional Information

• If the junk food being talked about was from a particular place Ex: Pizza Hut
• Then we use 'the' in the sentence. 
• My mother told me not to eat the junk food from Pizza Hut
• Here we are talking about a particular junk food, hence we use the definite article.

The correct answer is Option 1.

The error lies with plural verb.

By rule, when the subject is plural, the corresponding verb will be plural.

Leads should be changes to lead.

Early marriages not only lead to high-population and thwart the progress of our young population but also entail an enormous amount of trouble to young mothers.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'In' 

Key Points

• In this context , it is stated about the location of  cat.
• In is used to indicate location or position within or inside something.
• For example- We went for a swim in the lake.

Therefore, the correct sentence is - There is a cat in the house.

Additional Information

• At- Used to point out specific time, Indicate a place and to indicate an activity.
• For example- She stared at me.
• For-  to talk about a purpose or a reason for something. 
• For example-  I'm going for some breakfast.
• Of-  to show that people or things relate to other things or people. 
• ​For example- He is a coworker of mine.

Melody = a sequence of single notes that is musically satisfying; a tune. Thus, Option 1) Soothing (calming; satisfying) is the correct answer.

Fizzing = make a buzzing or crackling sound.

Razzing = marked by or expressive of mild or good-natured teasing.

The correct answer is Noisy.

Key Points

Let's look at the meanings of the given word and the correct option.

• Obstreperous: noisy and difficult to control.
• Noisy: making or giving to making a lot of noise.

Thus from the given meanings, we find that both the words express similar meanings. 

Hence the correct answer is Noisy. 

Additional Information

Let's look at the meaning of the other given words.

• Quiet: making little or no noise.
• Restrained: characterized by reserve or moderation; unemotional or dispassionate.
• Silent: not making or accompanied by any sound.

Deluge = a severe flood. Thus, 2) Overflow is a synonym.

Famine = extreme scarcity of food; shortage.

The correct answer is - Easy-going.

Key PointsThe word "Punctilious" means "showing great attention to detail or correct behaviour" whereas "Easy-going" means "relaxed and tolerant in attitude or manner". They both are opposite in nature. 

Example - Sayan is a very easy-going person whereas his sister is very punctilious in manner.

So, the opposite of Punctilious is Easy-going.

Deferential = respectful; humble. Thus, Option 4) Arrogant (unpleasantly proud) is an antonym.

Submissive - ready to conform to the authority or will of others; meekly obedient or passive.

The sentence can't end with circulation to or useful in => P has to be last. Rule out 2) and 4). Option 3) RQP is the correct answer.

Endothelial cells are useful in restoring circulation to the damaged cell.

The given sentence is in the past tense. Thus, passive voice will be of the form was/were + past participle of cheat = cheated. We cannot remove any information from the given sentence => rule out 3) ( doesn't say whose money). Option 2) is the correct answer.

Option 1) The inspector shouted to his men to stop is the only possible choice. Note that the given sentence says shouted and we can't change that to asked since they are different.

The correct spelling is 2) Inoculate (immunize; vaccinate).

Key Points The correctly spelt word is - Inoculate.

Inoculate means "immunize (someone) against a disease by introducing infective material, microorganisms, or vaccine into the body".

Example - We are inoculated against Covid.

The correct answer is- 'Not'

Key Points

• In this context it is said that the quarrel is not only about the difficulty but also about the aim.
• Not merely is an idiom which means that one thing is true and that another thing is also true.
• For example- He was not merely a great baseball player, he was also a great person.

Therefore, the correct sentence is- That the quarrel is not merely about the difficulties, but about the aim.

The correct answer is "Other's".

Key Points

• In the given sentence it is talking about to tear eyes out where it means that two or more person are involved here.
• So, we should use ('s) with other.
• An apostrophe is a small punctuation mark ( ' ) placed after a noun to show the possession. 
• For example- Let’s review each other’s essays means my essay and your essay; i.e., two essays

Therefore, the correct sentence is- We should tear each other's eyes out.

We need to fill the blank such that it indicates whichever of a specified class might be chosen. (the sentence would thus mean not at all or by no way. Option 4) Any is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'Go'.

Key Points

• Here, would is a modal Verb.
• Modal verbs always come directly before the main verb (except for questions).
• Modal verbs always take verb in base form (v1 form).
• For example- I thought he would be here by now.
• So according to above explanation only 'Go' is the best suitable choice.
• So, verb 'Go' is the correct answer here.

Therefore, the correct sentence is- but some of us would go mad with disgust.

 Additional Information

• Gone- V3 form of 'Go'.
• Went- V2 form of 'Go'.
• Going- V1+ing form of 'Go'.

We are stating a fact that our army is weak even if it was containing the people.... Thus, Option 2) Including (containing as part of the whole being considered) is the correct answer.

Here the correct answer is Be more easily talked about than put into practice.

Key Points

• Easier said than done - Be more easily talked about than put into practice.
• For Example - Going on an economy drive is easier said than done.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is "An object, utterance, or act which is certain to provoke someone."

Key Points

• A red rag to a bull means Something that will make someone very angry. (कुछ ऐसा जो किसी को बहुत गुस्सा दिलाएगा)
• ​For example-  Don't tell him you're a vegetarian - it's like a red rag to a bull.

Therefore, Option 2 is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• A few inspirational words can do wonderful things.(कुछ प्रेरणादायक शब्द अद्भुत काम कर सकते हैं।)
• A signal or symbol used to warn a person.(किसी व्यक्ति को चेतावनी देने के लिए इस्तेमाल किया जाने वाला संकेत या प्रतीक।)
• All prepared and waiting for the signal to start.(सभी तैयार हैं और सिग्नल शुरू होने का इंतजार कर रहे हैं।)

Here the correct answer is 'Wilt'.

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:
• Wilt - (of a plant, leaf, or flower) become limp through heat, loss of water, or disease((एक पौधे, पत्ती, या फूल का) गर्मी, पानी की कमी, या बीमारी से लंगड़ा हो जाता है)
• For Example - Cut flowers will soon wilt without water.

Therefore, the correct answer is  option 3 i.e. Wilt.

Additional Information

• Bolster - strengthen, support.(मजबूत, सहयोग)
• Invigorate - strengthen.(मजबूत)
• Fortify - secure, protect, surround.(सुरक्षित, रक्षा करना, घेरना।)

The correct answer is 'Whittle'.

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of correct answer.
• Whittle-  To slowly eliminate something in size, amount or extent. (आकार, मात्रा या सीमा में किसी चीज को धीरे-धीरे खत्म करना।)
• ​For example-  She whittled a walking stick from a maple tree branch.

Therefore, the correct answer is- 'Whittle'.

Additional Information

• Concoct- make (a dish or meal) by combining various ingredients.(विभिन्न सामग्रियों को मिलाकर (एक व्यंजन या भोजन) बनाएं।)
• Beget- (especially of a man) bring (a child) into existence by the process of reproduction((विशेष रूप से एक आदमी का) प्रजनन की प्रक्रिया द्वारा (एक बच्चे को) अस्तित्व में लाना)
• Exigency- an urgent need or demand.(एक तत्काल आवश्यकता या मांग।)

The correct answer is 'No improvement'

Key Points

• In this context it is said about submission of report.
• We use word already in 'Present perfect tense' so it is clear that answer will be 'Has already been/Have already been'.
• The present perfect tense is used in present to indicate the action that has taken place at some specific time.
• According to sentence 'The report' is a singular noun so 'Has' will be used for it.

Therefore, the correct sentence is- The report has already been given to the board. 

Additional Information

• Sentence Structure for present perfect tense- Sub+ has/have+v3+obj. ​
• For example-  We've already had our breakfast.

The correct answer is 'Hanging'.

Key Points

• Here, the verb see is in present tense.
• The verb see and the phrase a curtain of fog denotes a continuous process indicating that an -ing form verb should be used.
• To denote a present continuous tense we should use the present participle (-ing) form of the verb.
• For example- The children are going to school.

Therefore, the correct sentence is- You see a curtain of fog hanging low, suspended over the fresh green grass. 

Additional Information

• Hangs- Used in simple present tense with singular noun.
• Were hang- hanged, hanging or hung will be used with were instead of hang.
• Hanged- Used in simple past tense.

A sentence can't end with we or which has. Only C can be last. Option 2) ABC is the correct answer.

The 1980s saw the introduction of the gas lighter that we commonly use now, which has almost destroyed the match industry.

The correct spelling is 4) Patronage (finance; support)

Key Points:

The correct answer will be - Patronage.

Patronage means "the support given by a patron" or "the power to control appointments to office or the right to privileges."

Example- Employees are selected on merit, not through Patronage.

A ‘Person’ lives in a ‘House’, similarly, ‘Lion’ lives in a ‘Den’.

Hence, correct pair is Lion : Den.

14 : 200 → 14² + 4 → 196 + 4 → 200

Similarly,

18 : ? → 18² + 4 → 324 + 4 → 328

Hence, answer is ‘328’.

The logic followed here is:

R – 2 = P, P – 2= N, Q – 2 = O

Similarly,

J – 2 = H, E – 2 = C, K – 2 = I

Hence, answer is ‘HCI’.

All words except ‘Writer’ are stationery goods.

The logic/rule/relation followed here is:

1. 11 - 16 → 11 + 5 = 16

2. 13 - 18 → 13 + 5 = 18

3. 36 - 41 → 36 + 5 = 41

4. 23 - 26 → 23 + 3 = 26

Clearly, 23 – 26 doesn’t follows the rule/logic/relation and hence is the odd one out.

1. TOJE → T – 5 = O → O – 5 = J → J – 5 = E

2. VQLG → V – 5 = Q → Q – 5 = L → L – 5 = G

3. XSNI → X – 5 = S → S – 5 = N → N – 5 = I

4. PKFB → P – 5 = K → K – 5 = F → F – 4 = B

Clearly, PKFB doesn’t follows the pattern and is the odd one out.

Dictionary sequence is as follows:

4. Circular
5. Circulate
6. Circulation
7. Circumference
8. Circumstances

Hence, answer is ‘42531’.

The pattern followed here is:

19 + (7 × 1) → 19 + 7 = 26

26 + (7 × 2) → 26 + 14 = 40

40 + (7 × 3) → 40 + 21 = 61

61 + (7 × 4) → 61 + 28 = 89

89 + (7 × 5) → 89 + 35 = 124

Hence, answer is ‘89’.

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, answer is ‘PQ’.

Mayank remembers that the examination is after 18^th December but before 21^st December. So, According to Mayank exam date is 19, 20

Suraj remembers that the examination is before 24^th December but after 19^th December. So, According to Suraj exam date is 20, 21, 22, 23

According to both, only 20 December date is common. So, the Exam is on 20 December.

Hence, the examination is on ‘20^th December’.

1. Bastion → Tribulations → Can be formed.

2. Trust → Tribulations → Can be formed.

3. Ribbon → Tribulations → Cannot be formed as one more ‘b’ is required.

4. Slit → Tribulations → Can be formed.

Hence, answer is ‘Ribbon’.

Hence, answer is ‘54’.

Given equation: 13 ÷ 18 – 5 + 10 × 2 =

On replacing the symbol:

13 – 18 + 5 × 10 ÷ 2 =

→ 13 – 18 + 5 × 5

→ 13 – 18 + 25

→ 38 – 18

→ 20

Hence, answer is ‘20’.

Given equation:

15 × 4 + 10 – 10 ÷ 14 = 10

1. – and +

15 × 4 – 10 + 10 ÷ 14 = 10

→ If we’ll divide 10 by 14 so we’ll get 0.714 i.e. a decimal number; so, this option cannot be answer.

2. • and ÷

15 × 4 ÷ 10 – 10 + 14

→ 15 × 0.4 –10 + 14

→ 6 – 10 + 14

→ 20 – 10

→ 10

3. ÷ and ×

15 ÷ 4 + 10 – 10 × 14 = 10

→ If we’ll divide 15 by 4 we’ll get 3.75 i.e. a decimal number; so, this option cannot be answer.

4. × and –

15 – 4 + 10 × 10 ÷ 14 = 10

→ If we’ll divide 10 by 14 so we’ll get 0.714 i.e. a decimal number; so, this option cannot be answer.

Hence, answer is ‘+ and ÷’.

The rule followed here is:

18 $ 6 → (18 – 6) ÷ 2 → 12 ÷ 2 = 6

8 $ 2 → (8 – 2) ÷ 2 → 6 ÷ 2 = 3

8 $ 4 → (8 – 4) ÷ 2 → 4 ÷ 2 = 2

Similarly,

18 $ 12 → (18 – 12) ÷ 2 → 6 ÷ 2 = 3

Hence, answer is ‘3’.

The logic followed in the alphabetical series is:

One P is added from the left end and last alphabet is eliminated from the right end.

Hence answer is ‘PPPPPPQQ’.

Hence, she is ‘8 km towards West’ with reference to her starting point.

Conclusion I: Some boots are sneakers → False.

Conclusion II: All sneakers are boots → False.

Hence, Neither Conclusion I nor II follows.

Hence, ‘AH’ set of letters represents Reporters who are Mountain climbers.

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, next term is ‘ZNB’.

The pattern followed here is:

3 + 1 = 3 → 4 + 2 = 6 → 6 + 3 = 9 → 9 + 4 = 13 → 13 + 5 = 18

Hence, answer is ‘18’.

The pattern/logic followed here is:

1. (4, 12, 16) → 4 × 3 = 12 and 4 × 4 = 16

2. (5, 15, 20) → 5 × 3 = 15 and 45 × 4 = 20

3. (6, 18, 30) → 6 × 3 = 18 and 6 × 5 = 30

4. (9, 27, 36) → 9 × 3 = 27 and 9 × 4 = 36

Clearly (6, 18, 30) doesn’t follows the pattern and hence is the odd one out

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is held on the right side is:

Hence, the answer will be option 1.

Additional Information 

 In the Mirror image left side and right side changed vice-versa where the top and bottom remain the same.

The reflection of an object into the water is its water image. It appears by inverting an object vertically i.e. upside down.

The water image of the figure looks like the mirror image of the figure in case the mirror is horizontally at the bottom of the figure.

The water image is just a reflection where the top and bottom parts of the images changed while the left and right sides of the image remain the same.

From the given options cube 4 cannot be formed as the square within circle face and the + symbol face are opposite to each other, while in dice they are adjecent to each other.

Hence, option 4 cannot be formed.

1. 20, 69, 31, 77 → F, P, H, T.

2. 76, 14, 34, 59 → R, A, I, N.

3. 20, 97, 40, 86 → F, Q, E, V.

4. 11, 66, 24, 96 → K, Y, H, R.

Hence, ‘RAIN’ will be represented by ‘76, 14, 34, 59’.

0.000256 = 256/1000000 = 4/15625

Additional Information

Move the decimal so there is one non- zero digit to the left of the decimal point. The number of decimal places you move will be the exponent on the 10. If the decimal is being moved to the right, the exponent will be negative.

Calculation:

a³ + b³ + c³ = [(a + b + c) (a² + b² + c² - ab - bc - ac)] + 3abc

So,

57³ + 59³ + 109³

⇒ [(57 + 59 + 109) (57² + 59² + 109² - 57 × 59 - 59 × 109 - 57 × 109)] + 3 × 57 × 59 × 109

⇒ 0 + 1099701

⇒ 1099701.

∴ the answer is 1099701.

p/√540 = √240/p

⇒ p² = √(2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 5) × √(2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 5)

⇒ p² = 6√15 × 4√15 = 360

∴ p = 6√10

Given

 x = (√5 + 1)/(√5 - 1) and y = (√5 - 1)/(√5 + 1)

Concept used

a² - b² = (a + b) (a - b)

(a + b)² = a2 + b² + 2ab

(a - b)2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab

Calculation

x = (√5 + 1)/(√5 - 1)

⇒ x = [(√5 + 1)/(√5 - 1)] × [(√5 + 1)/ (√5 + 1)]

⇒ x = (3 + √5)/2

And, y = (√5 - 1)/(√5 + 1)

⇒ y = [(√5 - 1)/(√5 + 1)] × [(√5 - 1)/ (√5 - 1)]

⇒ y = (3 - √5)/2

∴ x² - y² = (x + y) (x - y)

⇒ x2 - y2 = ((3 + √5)/2 + (3 - √5)/2) ((3 + √5)/2 - (3 - √5)/2)

⇒ x2 - y2 = (3) (√ 5)

⇒ x2 - y2 = 3 × √5 = 3√5

Given:

Side of an equilateral triangle = 10 cm

Formula used:

In-radius of equilateral triangle = a√3/6

Circum-radius of equilateral triangle = a√3/3

Calculation:

Length of the side of equilateral triangle = a = 10 cm

In-radius of equilateral triangle = a√3/6 = 10√3/6

Circum-radius of equilateral triangle = a√3/3 = 10√3/3

Ratio of the in-radius to the circum-radius of the triangle

⇒ 10√3/6 : 10√3/3 = 1 : 2

∴ The correct answer is 1 : 2.

Given:

In-radius = 2 units

Circum-radius = 6 units

Formula used:

Distance between incenter and circumcenter = √(R2 - 2Rr)

Here R is Circum-radius and r is In-radius

Calculation:

Distance between incenter and circumcenter = √(R² - 2Rr)

Circum-radius = R = 6 units

In-radius = r = 2 units

d = √(6² - 6 × 4) = √(36 - 24) = √12

d = 2√3 units

∴ Distance (in units) between the in-center and circumcenter is 2√3 units

Given:

The income of a person is Rs. 45000.

His expenditure is Rs. 33000.

His income is increased by 22% and expenditure in increased by 11%.

Formula used:

Percentage = (value/total value) × 100

Calculation:

Initial income = Rs. 45000

Initial Expenditure = Rs. 33000

Savings = Rs. 45000 - Rs. 33000

⇒ Rs. 12000

New Income = 45000 + 22% of 45000

⇒ Rs. 54900

New Expenditure = 33000 + 11% of 33000

⇒ Rs. 36630

New savings = 18270

Percentage increase in savings = [(18270 - 12000)/12000] × 100

⇒ 52.25%

∴ The percentage increase in his savings is 52.25%

Given:

 X : Y : Z = 3 : 4 : 5

Calculation:

X/Y = 3/4; Y/Z = 4/5 and Z/X = 5/3

L.C.M of 4, 5 and 3 is 60

So, (X/Y) : (Y/Z) : (Z/X) = 45 : 48 : 100

∴ The correct answer is 45 : 48 : 100.

Given:

Total sum = Rs.20,000

First part rate = 6%; Second part rate = 8%

Calculation:

Let the first part be lent at 6% be x and the second part be lent at 8% be (20000 - x)

Average interest received on total sum is 6.4%

Simple interest = (P × R × T)/100

⇒ (20000 × 6.4 × 1)/100 = Rs.1280

Total interest received = 1280

So,

⇒ 1280 = (x × 6 × 1)/100 + [(20000 - x) × 8 × 1]/100

⇒ 128000 = 6x - 8x + 160000

First part, x = Rs16000

Second part = 20000 - x = Rs.4000

∴ The correct option is 1.

Shortcut TrickCalculation:

Now,

Ratio of sum = 1.6 : 0.4 = 4 : 1

(4 + 1) = 5 units = Rs.20,000

1 unit = Rs.4000

4 units = Rs.16,000

∴ The correct option is 1.

Given:

The average height of 252 students = 48 units

The average height of the boys = 51

The average height of the girls = 30

Formula used:

Sum of N number = Average of N number × N

Calculation:

Total heights of 252 students = Average × Number of students

⇒ 252 × 48

Let the number of boys be y and the number of girls be (252 - y)

Total heights of boys = Average height of boys × Number of boys

⇒ 51 × y

The total height of girls = Average height of girls × Number of girls

⇒ 30 × (252 - y)

Now,

According to the question:

⇒ 51 × y + 30 × (252 - y) = 252 × 48

⇒ 51y - 30y = (252 × 48) - (252 × 30)

⇒ 21y = 252 × 18

⇒ y = 216

Total height of boys = 216 × 51 = 11016

Number of girls = (252 - 216) = 36

The total height of girls = 36 × 30 = 1080

Required ratio = 51 : 5

∴ The correct answer is 51 : 5.

Shortcut TrickCalculation:

Now,

⇒ (18 + 3) = 21 units = 252

1 units = 12

So, Boys (18 units) = 18 × 12 = 216

Girls (3 units) = 12 × 3 = 36

Sum of heights of all girls = 36 × 30

Sum of heights of all boys = 216 × 51

So the required ratio = 216 × 51 : 36 × 30 = 51 : 5

∴ The correct answer is 51 : 5.

Given:

Principal = Rs.4000;

Rate = 30%; Time = 3 years

Formula used:

Simple interest = (P × R × T)/100

Compound Interest = P [1 + R/100]ⁿ - P

where P is the principal, R is the rate of interest and T is the time- period

Calculation:

Simple interest = (P × R × T)/100

S.I = (4000 × 30 × 3)/100 = Rs. 3600

Compound Interest = P [1 + R/100]n - P

C.I = 4000 [1 + 30/100]³ - 4000 = 8788 - 4000 = Rs. 4788

Difference of (C.I - S.I) = 4788 - 3600 = Rs.1188

∴ The correct answer is Rs.1188.

Shortcut TrickFormula used:

The difference between C.I. and S.I. for 3 years = 3 × P × (R/100)²+ P × (R/100)³ 

Calculation:

Difference of (C.I - S.I) for 3 years =  3 × P × (R/100)2 + P × (R/100)3 

⇒ 3 × 4000 × (30/100)2 + 4000 × (30/100)3 

⇒ 4000 × {3 × (9/100) + (27/1000)}

⇒ 4000 × (0.27 + 0.027)

⇒ 4000 × 0.297 = Rs.1,188

∴ The correct answer is Rs.1,188.

Given:

Faulty weight = 930 gms

True weight = 1000 gms

Formula use:

Gain % = ${Error \over True Value - Error}×100$

Calculation:

We know,

Gain % = ${Error \over True Value - Error}×100$

Error = 1000 - 930 = 70 gms

Gain % = ${70 \over 1000 - 70}×100$

Gain % = ${70 \over 930}×100$

Gain % = 7.53 % 

Hence, the correct answer is 7.53 %.

Confusion PointsError on selling 15 kg sugar = 15(1000 - 930) = 15 × 70

True weight on selling 15 kg sugar = 15 ×1000 - 15 × 70

Hence, true weight on selling 15 kg sugar = 15 × 930

Therfore 

Gain % = [(15 × 70)/(15 × 930)] × 100 = 7.53 %

Given:

Marked price of watch = 16320

Discount = 62.5%

Calculation:

The selling price of the watch = Marked price - Discount

⇒ 16320 - 62.5% of 16320 = Rs.6120

∴ The selling price of the article is Rs.6120.

Alternate MethodCalculation:

Selling price = Marked price ×  (100 - discount%)/100  

⇒ 16320 × (100 - 62.5)/100 

⇒ 16320 × 37.5/100 = Rs.6120

∴ The selling price of the article is Rs.6120.

Calculation:

∛3125 + 4∛25 + 3∛675

⇒ ∛ (5 × 5 × 5 × 25) + 4∛25 + 3∛ (3 × 3 × 3 × 25)

⇒ 5∛25 + 4∛25 + 9∛25

⇒ 18∛25

∴ The correct answer is 18∛25.

Calculation:

Work done by X boys in 1 day = 1/24

Work done by 2X boys in 1 day = 2/24 = 1/12

Total Work will be completed by 2X boys in 12 days

Therefore, half the work will be completed by 2X boys in 6 days.

∴ The correct answer is 6 days.

Given:

The speed of the 1^st train = 35 km/h

The speed of the 2^nd train = 71 km/h

Formula used:

Distance = relative speed × time

Calculation:

Distance = relative speed × time

⇒ (71 - 35) × (5/18) × 48

⇒ 36 × (5/18) × 48

⇒ 10 × 48 = 480 m

∴ The correct answer is 480 m.

From the graph, it is clear that in year 2016, the number of vacancies are lesser than that of the previous year.

Number of vacancies in 2012 = 55

Number of vacancies in 2015 = 100

Therefore, difference = 100 - 55 = 45

Number of vacancies in 2014 = 60

Number of vacancies in 2017 = 30

∴ required percentage = (60 - 30)/30 × 100 = 100%

Salary of sales officer = Rs. 20000

Number of vacancies in 2015 = 100

∴ Total expense of salaries = 20,000 × 100 = 20 lakhs

Given:

The Side of the rectangle (BC) = 7 cm

Diagonal of rectangle (BD) = 25 cm

Formula used:

Area of rectangle = Length × breadth

Calculation:

By Pythagoras theorem:

BC² + CD² = BD²

⇒ BC² + 7² = 25²

⇒ BC² = 625 - 49 = 576

⇒ BC = 24 cm

Area of rectangle = Length × Breadth = 7 × 24 = 168 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 168 cm2.

Given:

Radius of semi-circle = 21 cm

Formula used:

Area of semicircle = 1/2 × πr2

Calculation:

Area of semicircle = 1/2 × πr²

Area of semicircle = 1/2 × (22/7) × 21 × 21 = 693 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 693 cm2.

Given:

The curved surface area = 4070 cm²

Slant height = 37 cm

Formula used:

The curved surface area of cone = π × r × l

where r is the radius and l is the slant height.

Calculation:

The curved surface area of cone = 4070 cm²

⇒ (22/7) × r × 37 = 4070

Radius of the cone = 35 cm

Therefore, diameter = 2r = 70 cm

∴ The correct answer is 70 cm.

Given:

∠Y = 90°; ∠Z = 30°

Formula used:

Sin 60° = √3/2 

Calculation:

∠Z = 30° and ∠Y = 90°.

In Δ XYZ

⇒ ∠X + ∠Y + ∠Z = 180° 

⇒ ∠X = 180° - ( 90°+ 30°) 

⇒ ∠X = 60° 

Putting the value in the below equation:

Sin X - 3/√2

⇒ √3/2 - 3/√2

⇒ (√6 - 6)/2√2

∴ The correct answer is (√6 - 6)/2√2.

Given:

∠B = 90° 

Cos D = 8/17; DE = 16 cm

Calculation:

Cos D = DE/DF = 8/17

⇒ 16/DF = 8/17 (As DE = 16 cm)

⇒ DF = 17 × 2 = 34 cm

∴ Length of side DF = 34 cm

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Sex Ratio

• Sex ratio is NOT a measure of the Human Development Index.
• The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators.
• It is used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.
• A country scores higher HDI when the lifespan is higher, the education level is higher, and the GDP per capita is higher.
• The HDI was developed by Pakistani economist Mahbubul Haq.

Additional Information

• According to the Human Development Report 2021-22, India’s rank on the Human Development Index (HDI) has slipped from 130 in 2020 to 132 in 2022, in line with a global fall in HDI scores in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic.
• Human Development Reports (HDRs) have been released since 1990 and have explored different themes through the human development approach.
• It is published by the Human Development Report Office for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
• European countries were among the best overall performers, with as many as 8 in the top 10 of the list.
• Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, Denmark, Sweden, Ireland, Germany, and the Netherlands.

Third Plan: 1966-71 is NOT correct.

• Third Five Year Plan was from 1961 to 1966.
• Five Year Plan - Five-Year Plans are integrated and centralized national economic programs.
• 12^th Five Year Plan (2012–17) was India's last Five Year Plan.

Around 26-27% of the total area of lithosphere has the expansion of mountains.

• Lithosphere - It is the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
• The lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates.
• The topmost part of the lithosphere that chemically reacts with the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere through the soil forming process is called the pedosphere.

The correct answer is Srinagar and Leh.

Key Points

• Zoji La is a high mountain pass located in the Kargil district of Ladakh.
• The pass connects Leh and Srinagar and provides an important link between the Union Territories of Ladakh and Jammu & Kashmir.
• Zojila pass remains closed during winters due to heavy snowfall, cutting off Ladakh region from Kashmir.
• It runs at an elevation of approximately 3,528 meters.
• It is the second-highest pass after Fotu La on the Srinagar-Leh National Highway.

                      Important Passes in J&K and Ladakh

Additional Information

• Zojila Tunnel:
• It is set to be Asia’s longest bi-directional tunnel.
• It will connect Srinagar, Dras, Kargil, and Leh via a tunnel through the famous Zojila Pass.
• It will be an all-weather tunnel and will be 14.15 km long and ensure road connectivity even during winters.
• It will make the travel on the 434-km Srinagar-Kargil-Leh Section of NH-1 free from avalanches, enhance safety and reduce the travel time from more than 3 hours to just 15 minutes.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Chandela

• Chandela Dynasty is not related to Agnikul.
• The four Rajput clans from Agnikunda are Chalukyas, Chauhans, Pratiharas, and Parmaras.
• In Central India, the Chandelas of Jejakabhukti were a royal dynasty.
• They ruled the Bundelkhand region (which was then known as Jejakabhuti) from the 9^th to the 13^th centuries.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. Alauddin Husain Shah

• The famous Saint Chaitanya of Bengal was a contemporary of Alauddin Husain Shah.
• Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (1486 - 1534) was a Vedic spiritual leader.
• He founded Gaudiya Vaishnavism.
• Chaitanya was the advocator for the Vaishnava school of Bhakti yoga.
• He is revered as Krishna.
• He popularized the chanting of the Hare Krishna mantra.
• He composed the Siksastakam (eight devotional prayers) in Sanskrit.

The correct answer is Shehnai.

• Ustad Bismillah Khan used to play Shehnai.
• Ustad Bismillah Khan (1916 – 2006) (Real name is Qamaruddin Khan), was an Indian musician credited with popularizing the Shehnai.
• Shehnai is a musical instrument that is similar to the oboe (common in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.)
• He was honoured with India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna in 2001 thus becoming the third classical musician after M. S. Subbulakshmi and Ravi Shankar to be awarded this distinction.
• On his 102^nd birth anniversary, he was honoured by Google with a Google doodle.

Burundi became the first country to withdraw from the International Criminal Court (ICC) with effect from 27 October 2017.

• The government of Burundi is accused of committing crimes against humanity.
• The ICC has the jurisdiction to bring an action against individuals for the international crimes, war crimes etc.
• The ICC began its functioning on 1 July 2002.
• The International Criminal Court (ICC) is an intergovernmental organization.
• Headquarter - The Haguein the Netherlands.
• The four principal organs of the ICC are the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor, and the Registry.

Cristiano Ronaldo has been awarded the Globe Soccer Award for 'The Best Player of the Year 2017'.

• This award ceremony took place in Dubai.
• Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro is a Portuguese professional footballer.
• He plays as a forward for Spanish club Real Madrid and the Portugal national team.
• Ronaldo has received five Ballon d'Or awards.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. South-east Asia.

Key Points

• Myanmar is located in South-east Asia.
• Naypyitaw is the capital of Myanmar.
• Myanmar is also known as Burma.
• It is bordered by India and Bangladesh to its west, China to its north and northeast and Thailand and Laos to its east.
• Hkakabo Razi is a border tripoint between India, China, and Myanmar.

Isotopes have different physical properties and similar chemical properties.

• They are the atoms of the same element having the same numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
• They have same chemical properties due to the same electronic configuration but different physical properties.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Carbon-dioxide and water both

• Carbon-dioxide and water both are produced when alcohol is added to petrol and used as a fuel.
• For example, Ethanol is used as an additive in gasoline (Petrol) by some countries as its impact on the environment is much lower than gasoline or diesel.
• When ethanol combusts, it releases, mainly carbon dioxide and water.
• C₂H₅OH + 3 O₂ → 2 CO₂ + 3 H₂O + heat

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. Supreme Court of India

• Decisions made by the Supreme Court of India are binding on all other courts in India.
• The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial forum under India’s constitution.
• It has the power of constitutional review.
• It consists of the Chief Justice of India and 30 other judges and the maximum possible strength is 34.
• It has extensive powers in the form of original, appellate, and advisory jurisdictions.
• It takes up appeals mainly against verdicts of the high courts of various states of the Union and other courts and tribunals.
• Justice Sharad Arvind Bobde is the 47^th Chief Justice of India. He was sworn in on 18 November 2019.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. Part IX-A

• 74^th Constitutional Amendment Act gave Constitutional recognition to municipalities by adding Part IX-A.
• The 74^th Constitutional Amendment Act came into effect on June 1, 1993.
• It is linked to Urban Local Bodies (also known as Nagarpalikas).
• It had been enacted to grant constitutional recognition to the Urban Local Bodies as the third tier of the Government in urban areas.
• As of 2023, there have been 105 amendments of the Constitution of India since it was first enacted in 1950.
• Latest amendments:
• 101^st - Introduced the Goods and Services Tax (2016)
• 102^nd - Constitutional status to National Commission for Backward Classes (2018)
• 103^rd - A maximum of 10% Reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWSs) (2019)
• 104^th - To extend the reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha and states assemblies (2020)
• 105 th -  restored the power of state governments to prepare lists of socially and educationally backward classes (SEBCs).

Epidermal cells of Aerial parts of the plants often secrete a waxy water resistant layer on their outer surface.

• The outermost layer covering all plant organs is called the epidermis.
• It originates from the outermost layer of the apical meristem.
• It is in direct contact with the environment and so it modifies itself to adapt to the natural surroundings.
• It thus protects the inner tissues from any natural calamities like high temperature, mechanical injury, external infection etc.

Greek thinker Aristotle classified animals on the basis of Habitat.

EXPLANATION:

• Aristotle classified animals according to whether they lived in water, on land, or in the air.
• Aristotle (384-322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist.
• He was born in the city of Stagira, Chalkidiki, in the north of Classical Greece.
• Along with Plato, he is considered the "Father of Western Philosophy".

In October 2017, Manoj Sinha launched ‘Sampoorna Bima Gram (SBG) Yojana’, which aims to expand the clientele base of postal life Insurance.

• Manoj Sinha is The Minister for Communications.
• This scheme aims to provide affordable life insurance services to people living in rural areas of the country.
• Under this, at least one village (having a minimum of 100 households) will be identified in each of the revenue districts of the country, wherein attempts will be made to cover all households of that identified village with a minimum of one RPLI (Rural Postal Life Insurance) policy each.

China has started constructing world’s biggest floating solar power plant in December 2017.

• This floating photovoltaic power station has been set up in eastern China’s Anhui province at a cost of 1 billion Yuan.
• The project features panels fixed to floats on the surface of a lake.
• The power station has an installed capacity of 150 MW (megawatt).
• Compared with traditional solar power plants on land, the floating station will help to reduce water evaporation, save land resources, and prevent algae from growing.

In October 2017, RBI fixed the cash loading limit per month to Rs 50,000 for Prepaid Payment Instruments.

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is India's central banking institution.
• It controls the monetary policy of the Indian rupee.
• It started its operations on 1 April 1935 in agreement with the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.

On 5 January 2018, Lok Sabha passed High Court and Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Amendment Bill, 2017. The Bill seeks to revise the pension for Chief Justice of India to a maximum of Rs 16, 80,000 per annum.

• It was introduced in Lok Sabha by the Minister for Law and Justice, Mr. Ravi Shankar Prasad on December 21, 2017.
• The Bill seeks to amend:

1. The High Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1954.
2. The Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Act, 1958.
3. These Acts regulate the salaries and conditions of service of the judges of the High Courts and the Supreme Court.

The correct answer is 5000

EXPLANATION:

The potential energy gained by a body of mass 50 kg, if it is raised by 10m is 5000 Joules.

 Potential energy = mass × acceleration due to gravity(g) × height covered

P.E. = 50 × 10 × 10

= 5000 Joules

Potential energy is the energy possessed by an object because of its position relative to other objects.

The relative density of a substance is the Ratio of its density to the density of water.

• A substance with a relative density less than 1 will float in water. For example, an ice cube, with a relative density of about 0.91, will float. A substance with a relative density greater than 1 will sink.
• If a substance's relative density is less than one then it is less dense than the reference; if greater than 1 then it is denser than the reference(here water)
• If the relative density is exactly 1 then the densities are equal; that is, equal volumes of the two substances have the same mass.

Smog is made up of smoke and fog.

Key Points

• It is a type of air pollutant.
• It is derived from vehicular emissions from internal combustion engines and industrial fumes that react in the atmosphere with sunlight to form secondary pollutants.
• In certain cities, such as Delhi, smog severity is often increased by stubble burning in neighboring agricultural areas.
• It is highly toxic to humans and can cause severe sickness, and shortened life or death.

Johanna Konta won the Tennis 2017 Miami Open Women's Singles.

• She is from Great Britain.
• She defeated Caroline Wozniacki from Denmark in the final.
• Her title was the biggest by a British woman since Virginia Wade won Wimbledon in 1977.

In Microsoft Word, under character formatting Font style makes the character stand out by making them bold, Italic or both.

• Character formatting controls the appearance of the individual letters in a newsletter.
• This can make your document more interesting.
• Different styles of text such as bold or italics can make text stand out.
• Underlining can be used for headings.