SSC CHSL 2020 Official Paper 20 ( Held on: 5 Aug 2021 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'Sophisticated'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Naive' is 'Sophisticated'.
• Naive: without enough experience of life and too ready to believe or trust other people जिसे जीवन का पर्याप्त अनुभव नहीं और जो दूसरों पर तुरंत विश्‍वास या भरोसा कर लेता है; भोला-भाला
• Example: I was too naive to realize what was happening.
• Sophisticated: having or showing a lot of experience of the world and social situations; knowing about fashion, culture, etc. सांसारिक और सामाजिक मामलों में अति अनुभवी; दुनियादार, सयाना; फ़ैशन, संस्‍कृति आदि का जानकार
• Example: He's very suave and sophisticated.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

Correct Answer: Sophisticated.

Let's look at the meaning of other words:

• Immature: not fully grown or developed अविकसित; अपरिपक्‍व
• Simple: easy to understand, do or use; not difficult or complicated समझने, करने या प्रयोग करने में आसान, सुबोध, सुकर; कठिन या जटिल नहीं, सरल
• Unsuspicious: not having or showing suspicion संदेह न होना या न दिखाना

The correct answer is 'The monkeys swinged'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'The monkeys swung' should be used instead of 'The monkeys swinged'.
• In the given sentence 'swinged' is incorrectly used verb. Its correct form is 'swung'. It is the past of 'swing'.
• It means 'to move backwards and forwards or from side to side while hanging from something; to make somebody/something move in this way झूलना; झुलाना'.
• Example: The rope was swinging from a branch.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence: The monkeys swung on the branches and jumped over the compound wall.

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य व्याकरण की दृष्टि से गलत है।
• यहां 'The monkeys swinged' के स्थान पर 'The monkeys swung' का प्रयोग करना चाहिए।
• दिए गए वाक्य में 'swinged' verb का गलत प्रयोग हुआ है। इसका सही रूप 'swung' है। यह 'swing' का past form है।
• इसका अर्थ है 'किसी चीज से लटकते हुए पीछे की ओर और आगे की ओर या एक ओर से दूसरी ओर जाना; किसी को/किसी चीज को इस तरह से हिलाना'।
• ​Example: The rope was swinging from a branch.
• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 है।

The correct answer is 'DCBA'.

Key Points

• The given question is an example of a  Para Jumble.
• We know that the first statement of a para jumbled question is usually an independent general statement, a noun, a universal fact, starting of an incident, or it starts with 'most' or 'once'.
• Sentence D will be the first sentence because it is an introductory sentence and independent of all the other sentences.
• Sentence C will be the next sentence because Sentence D is telling about the great gladiatorial arena of Rome and Sentence C further explains it.
• Sentence B will be the next sentence because it tells us how the arena looked like.
• Lastly, Sentence A will be used.
• D: Rome’s great gladiatorial arena is the most monumental of the city's ancient sights.
• C: Inaugurated in AD 80, the 50,000-seat Colosseum is also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre.
• B: Inside, tiered seating encircled the arena, where animals were caged and stage sets prepared.
• A: Games involved gladiators fighting wild animals or each other.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.

Correct Sentence: Rome’s great gladiatorial arena is the most monumental of the city's ancient sights. Inaugurated in AD 80, the 50,000-seat Colosseum is also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre. Inside, tiered seating encircled the arena, where animals were caged and stage sets prepared. Games involved gladiators fighting wild animals or each other.

The correct answer is 'decoy'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'decoy'.
• It means 'lure or entice (a person or animal) away from their intended course, typically into a trap.(जाल में फांसना,लुभाना,फुसलाना)
• ​​Example: The girls decoy more easily than most other children.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.

Correct Sentence: The first van was sent as a decoy to mislead the thugs.

Additional InformationLet's look at the meaning of other words:

• temptation: a feeling that you want to do something, even if you know that it is the wrong किसी काम (भले ही ग़लत) को करने की चाह; प्रलोभन, लालच
• determination: the quality of having firmly decided to do something, even if it is very difficult कठिन स्थिति के बावजूद किसी काम को करने का संकल्प; दृढ़ निश्‍चय
• persuasion: the act of persuading somebody to do something or to believe something किसी को कुछ करने या मानने के लिए राज़ी करने की क्रिया; प्रत्‍यायन

The correct answer is 'for perform various functions of the body'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'to perform various functions of the body' should be used instead of 'for perform various functions of the body'.
• In the given sentence 'required to' is a phrasal verb.
• It means 'to need something (किसी बात की) आवश्‍यकता होना'.
• Example: His reasoning was that by the time they were required to get it licensed, they would be married.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence: The energy required to perform various functions of the body is obtained from food.

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य व्याकरण की दृष्टि से गलत है।
• यहाँ, 'for perform various functions of the body' के बजाय 'to perform various functions of the body' का उपयोग किया जाना चाहिए।
• दिए गए वाक्य में 'required to' एक वाक्यांश क्रिया है।
• इसका अर्थ है 'आवश्‍यकता होना'।
• ​Example: His reasoning was that by the time they were required to get it licensed, they would be married.
• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 है।

The erroneous spelling is 'Readible'.

Key Points

• Among the given Options the incorrectly spelt word is 'Readible'.
• Its correct spelling is 'Readable'.
• It means 'able to be read पढ़ने-लायक़; पठनीय'.
• Example: The monumental inscription is scarcely readable.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

Correct Answer: Readible.

Additional Information

Let's look at the meaning of other words:

• Twinkle: to shine with a light that seems to go on and off टिमटिमाना
• Whisper: to speak very quietly into somebody’s ear, so that other people cannot hear what you are saying (किसी के कान में) फुसफुसाना, खुसर-फुसर करना, कानाफ़ूसी करना
• Secluded: far away from other people, roads, etc.; very quiet निर्जन (लोगों की बस्‍ती से बहुत दूर); एकांत, बहुत शांत

The correct answer is 'decisions'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given blank is 'decisions'.
• It means 'a choice or judgement that you make after thinking about various possibilities अनेक सम्भावनाओं पर विमर्श करने के बाद किसी निष्कर्ष पर पहुँचना, निर्णय, निश्‍चय'.
• Example: Have you made a decision yet?
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

Correct Sentence: A micromanager frequently demands reports and updates leaving little room for subordinates to take decisions on their own.

Additional InformationLet's look at the meaning of other words:

• verdicts: the decision that is made by a specially chosen group of people (the jury) in a court of law, which states if a person is guilty of a crime or not न्‍यायालय का निर्णय (जूरी द्वारा तय किया गया)
• results: something that happens because of something else; the final situation at the end of a series of actions परिणाम, नतीजा, फल (किसी अन्‍य बात के कारण घटित स्थिति); अंतिम स्थिति (घटनाओं की शृंखला की)
• decrees: an official order given by a government, a ruler, etc. सरकार, शासक आदि द्वारा जारी आदेश

The incorrect spelling is 'Ataractive'.

Key Points

• Among the given Options the incorrectly spelt word is 'Ataractive'.
• Its correct spelling is 'Attractive'.
• It means 'that pleases or interests you; that you like दिलचस्‍प, मोहक; रुचिकर'.
• Example: She not only looked more attractive but also felt more attractive.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.

Correct Answer: Attaractive.

Additional Information

Let's look at the meaning of other words:

• Altitude: the height of something above sea level समुद्र तल से ऊँचाई
• Aptitude: natural ability or skill सहज अभिरुचि; रुझान, अभिक्षमता
• Attitude: the way that you think, feel or behave सोचने, अनुभव करने का तरीक़ा विशेष; रुख़, अभिवृत्ति, मनोवृत्ति, दृष्टिकोण

The correct answer is 'Neil Armstrong said that it was a small step for man but a giant leap for mankind.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Direct Speech. As per the given question we have to change it into Indirect Speech.
• The process of transformation is as follows:
• The conjunction 'that' will be added and comma and inverted commas will be removed.
• Here, 'it's' will be changed into 'it was'.
• Rest of the sentence will be written as it is.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.

Correct Sentence: Neil Armstrong said that it was a small step for man but a giant leap for mankind.

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य Direct Speech में है। दिए गए प्रश्न के अनुसार हमें इसे Indirect Speech में बदलना है।
• परिवर्तन की प्रक्रिया इस प्रकार है:
• Conjunction 'that' जोड़ा जाएगा और comma और inverted commas हटा दिए जाएंगे।
• यहां, 'it's' को 'it was' में बदल दिया जाएगा।
• बाकी वाक्य जैसा है वैसा ही लिखा जाएगा।
• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 4 है।

The correct answer is 'options available to me'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'options available to me' should be used instead of 'options available of me'.
• The adjective 'available' should be followed by 'to' in the given context.
• It means '(used about things) that you can get, buy, use, etc. उपलब्‍ध, (वस्‍तुएँ)'.
• Example: This information is easily available to everyone at the local library.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Sentence: What are the options available to me fir a change of career?

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य व्याकरण की दृष्टि से गलत है।
• यहाँ, 'options available of me'. के स्थान पर 'options available to me' का प्रयोग किया जाना चाहिए।
• दिए गए संदर्भ में adjective 'available' के बाद 'to' होना चाहिए।
• इसका अर्थ है '(चीजों के बारे में प्रयुक्त) जो आप प्राप्त कर सकते हैं, खरीद सकते हैं, उपयोग कर सकते हैं, आदि'।
• Example: This information is easily available to everyone at the local library.
• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 है।

The correct answer is 'To be clumsy'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the given idiom 'Butter fingers' is 'To be clumsy'.
• Butter fingers: a tendency to drop or fail to keep hold of things (चीजों को पकड़ने में असफल होने या असफल होने की प्रवृत्ति)
• Example: The problem was that he had butterfingers and dropped many passes.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Answer: To be clumsy.

The correct answer is 'If the box breaks'.

Key Points 

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect. Hence, it should be improved.

• Here, 'If the box breaks' should be used instead of 'If the box breaking​'.​

• The given sentence is an example of the first conditional.

• In type 1 conditional sentences, the tense in the "if" clause is the simple present tense, and the tense in the main clause is the simple future or the simple future.

• | If clause(condition) | Main clause(result) | | --- | --- | | If + simple present | simple future | | If my father doesn't pick me up | I'll take the bus home. |

• Example: 

• If he works hard, he will surely get the job.

• If he works hard, he would surely get the job.

• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2. 

​

Correct Sentence: If the box breaks, the glass bottle will be shattered.

Hinglish 

• दिया गया वाक्य व्याकरण की दृष्टि से गलत है। इसलिए इसमें सुधार किया जाना चाहिए।

• यहां, 'If the box breaking' के बजाय 'If the box breaks' का इस्तेमाल किया जाना चाहिए

• दिया गया वाक्य the first conditional का उदाहरण है।

• टाइप 1 conditional sentences में, "if" खंड में simple present tense है, और मुख्य खंड में काल the simple future or the simple future है।

• | If clause(condition) | Main clause(result) | | --- | --- | | If + simple present | simple future | | If my father doesn't pick me up | I'll take the bus home. |

• Example: 

• If he works hard, he will surely get the job.

• If he works hard, he would surely get the job.

• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 है।​

The correct answer is 'Altimeter'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Altimeter'.
• Altimeter: An instrument for showing height above sea level, used especially in an aircraft समुद्र तल से ऊँचाई मापने का यंत्र; तुंगतामापी; एल्टिमीटर
• Example: The Altimeter will be used to indicate that the pitch attitude is correct.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Answer: Altimeter.

Additional Information

Let's look at the meaning of other words:

• Barometer: an instrument that measures air pressure and indicates changes in weather वायु का दाब मापने और मौसम में परिवर्तन का संकेत देने वाला यंत्र; वायुदाबमापी
• Thermometer: An instrument for measuring temperature ज्‍वर या तापमान मापने का उपकरण; थर्मामीटर, तापमापी
• Chronometer: an instrument for measuring time accurately in spite of motion or variations in temperature, humidity, and air pressure तापमान, आर्द्रता और वायु दाब में गति या भिन्नता के बावजूद समय को सही ढंग से मापने के लिए एक उपकरण

The correct answer is 'Indifferent'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'Apathetic' is 'Indifferent'.
• Apathetic: lacking interest or desire to act उदासीन, अनिच्‍छुक
• Example: I just didn't know why I was so apathetic.
• Indifferent: not interested in or caring about somebody/something व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु में रुचि या सोच-विचार से रहित; उदासीन
• Example: The manager of the shop seemed indifferent to our complaints.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 4.

Correct Answer: Indifferent.

Additional InformationLet's look at the meaning of other words:

• Irregular: not having a shape or pattern that we recognize or can predict जिसकी आकृति या पैटर्न की पहचान या पूर्वाभास न हो पाए; असम, विषम
• Instantaneous: happening immediately or extremely quickly तत्‍काल या अतिशीघ्र होने वाला; तात्‍कालिक, क्षणिक
• Irrelevant: not connected with something or important to it किसी वस्‍तु से असंबद्घ या उसके लिए महत्वहीन, अप्रासंगिक, असंबद्घ

The correct answer is 'Arena'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate word for the given group of words is 'Arena'.
• It means 'an area with seats around it where public entertainments (sporting events, concerts, etc.) are held रंगस्‍थली, क्रीड़ांगन'.
• Example: He translated the fight to the public arena.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Answer: Arena.

Additional InformationLet's look at the meaning of other words:

• Floor: the flat surface that you walk on indoors फ़र्श
• Site: a piece of land where a building was, is or will be situated वह स्‍थान जहाँ कोई इमारत खड़ी थी, है या होगी; भवन स्‍थल
• Stadium: a large structure, usually with no roof, where people can sit and watch sport स्‍टेडियम (प्रायः बिना छत का, बड़ा ढाँचा जहाँ बैठकर लोग खेल देखते हैं)

The correct answer is 'Generous'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the given idiom 'Large-hearted' is 'Generous'.
• Large-hearted: sympathetic and generous (सहानुभूतिपूर्ण और उदार).
• Example: Another large-hearted guy who went too soon.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Answer: Generous.

The correct answer is 'Noticeable'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'Salient' is 'Noticeable'.
• Salient: most important or noticeable सर्वाधिक महत्वपूर्ण या सबसे अधिक दिखाई पड़ने वाला
• Example: She began to summarize the salient features/points of the proposal.
• Noticeable: easy to see or notice जो सहज ही दिखाई पड़े या जिस पर सहज ही ध्यान जाए, स्‍पष्‍ट या ध्यानाकर्षक
• Example: The scar from the accident was hardly noticeable.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 3.

Correct Answer: Noticeable.

Additional InformationLet's look at the meaning of other words:

• Navigable:  (used about a river or narrow area of sea) that boats can sail along (नदी या तंग समुद्री पट्टी) जहाँ नौकाएँ चल सकें; नौ-चालन के योग्‍य
• Marine: connected with the sea समुद्र से संबंधित; समुद्री
• Sturdy: strong and healthy; that will not break easily हृष्‍ट-पुष्‍ट और स्‍वस्‍थ; जल्‍दी न टूटने वाला, मज़बूत, दृढ़

The correct answer is 'Dissuade'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Compel' is 'Dissuade'.
• Compel: to force somebody to do something कुछ करने के लिए किसी को बाध्य या विवश करना
• Example: I felt compelled to tell her what I really thought of her.
• Dissuade: to persuade somebody not to do something (किसी को कोई काम करने से) मना करना, रोकना
• Example: I tried to dissuade her from spending the money, but she insisted.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Answer: Dissuade.

Additional InformationLet's look at the meaning of other words:

• Persuade: to make somebody do something by giving him/her good reasons समझा-बुझाकर किसी को काम के लिए राज़ी करना, मनाना
• Influence: the power to affect, change or control somebody/something व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु को प्रभावित, परिवर्तन या नियंत्रित करने की शक्ति
• Induce: to make or persuade somebody to do something किसी से कुछ काम करवाना या उसके लिए मनाना; राज़ी करना

The correct answer is 'CADB'.

Key Points

• The given question is an example of a  Para Jumble.
• We know that the first statement of a para jumbled question is usually an independent general statement, a noun, a universal fact, starting of an incident, or it starts with 'most' or 'once'.
• Sentence C will be the first sentence because it is talking about the seasons that are caused by the tilt of the Earth's axis.
• Sentence A will be the next sentence because it is connected with Sentence C.
• Sentence D will be the next sentence because it is connected with the previous sentence.
• Lastly, Sentence B will be used.
• Thus, the correct sequence is:
• C: We know that seasons are caused by the Earth having a slight tilt on its axis.
• A: Due to this tilt as the Earth wobbles around the Sun, different points of the Earth receive more or less sunlight.
• D: If the Sun just shone directly on the Equator all year long, we would be left without seasons.
• B: Furthermore, we also wouldn’t have solstices or equinoxes.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Sequence: We know that seasons are caused by the Earth having a slight tilt on its axis. Due to this tilt as the Earth wobbles around the Sun, different points of the Earth receive more or less sunlight. If the Sun just shone directly on the Equator all year long, we would be left without seasons. Furthermore, we also wouldn’t have solstices or equinoxes.

The correct answer is 'Have the papers been submitted by you at the post office?'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Active Voice. As per the given question we have to change it into Passive Voice.
• The structure of the given sentence as follows:
• The subject of the given sentence is 'you'.
• The object of the given sentence is 'the papers'.
• The subject will be put in place of the object and the object will be put in place of the subject.
• 'have submitted' will be changed into 'have been submitted'.
• Lastly, the preposition 'by' will be used.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Sentence: Have the papers been submitted by you at the post office?

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य Active Voice में है। दिए गए प्रश्न के अनुसार हमें इसे Passive Voice में बदलना है।
• दिए गए वाक्य की संरचना इस प्रकार है:
• दिए गए वाक्य का subject 'you' है।
• दिए गए वाक्य का object 'the papers' है।
• Object के स्थान पर Subject रखा जाएगा और Subject के स्थान पर Object रखी जाएगी।
• 'have submitted' को 'have been submitted' में बदल दिया जाएगा।
• अंत में, preposition 'by' का प्रयोग किया जाएगा।
• इसलिए, ऊपर वर्णित बिंदुओं के अनुसार, हम पाते हैं कि सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 है।

The correct answer is 'stored'.

Key Points

• The given passage is about 'hydroelectric power'.
• In the given blank 'stored' should be used.
• It means 'to keep something or a supply of something for future use भविष्‍य के प्रयोग के लिए किसी वस्‍तु या वस्‍तु की आपूर्ति को सुरक्षित रखना'.
• Example: The corn was stored in large sacks.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence: "In the generation of hydroelectric power, water is collected or stored at a higher elevation..."

Additional InformationLet's look at the meaning of other words:

• hoarded: to collect and store large quantities of something (often secretly) किसी वस्‍तु को बड़ी मात्रा में (प्रायः गुप्‍त रीति से) संचित कर जमा करना
• deposited: to put something down somewhere किसी निर्धारित स्‍थान पर कुछ रखना
• amassed: to collect or put together a large quantity of something किसी वस्‍तु को बड़ी मात्रा में एकत्रित या संचित कर देना

The correct answer is 'through'.

Key Points

• The given passage is about 'hydroelectric power'.
• In the given blank 'through' should be used.
• In the given context it means 'because of; with the help of के कारण; की सहायता से'.
• Example: Errors were made through bad organization.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence: "downward through large pipes to a lower elevation..."

The correct answer is 'known'.

Key Points

• The given passage is about 'hydroelectric power'.
• In the given blank 'known' should be used because the given sentence is in the passive voice.
• It means 'to have knowledge or information in your mind किसी बात या व्‍यक्ति की जानकारी होना'.
• Example: I don’t know much about the sport.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Sentence: "the difference in elevations is known as the head..."

The correct answer is 'causes'.

Key Points

• The given passage is about 'hydroelectric power'.
• In the given blank 'causes' should be used.
• It means 'to make something happen कुछ होने का कारण बनना, उत्‍पन्‍न करना'.
• Example: The fire was caused by an electrical fault.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Sentence: "the falling water causes turbines to rotate..."

Additional InformationLet's look at the meaning of other words:

• Effects: a change that is caused by something; a result प्रभाव; परिणाम
• Begins: to start doing something; to do the first part of something (कोई काम) आरंभ करना, शुरू करना; पहले चरण का आरंभ करना
• Produces: to make something to be sold, especially in large quantities (किसी वस्‍तु का) उत्‍पादन करना (विशेषतः बड़े परिमाण में)

The correct answer is 'which'.

Key Points

• The given passage is about 'hydroelectric power'.
• In the given blank 'which' relative pronoun should be used.
• Here, it is used for giving more information about a thing(किसी वस्‍तु के बारे में और अधिक जानकारी देने के लिए प्रयुक्त)
• Example: My first car, which I bought as a student, was a Maruti 800.
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence: "The turbines in turn drive generators, which convert the turbines’ mechanical energy into electricity..."

The least possible Venn diagram is:

Conclusions:

I. Some ducks are chickens → False (it is possible but not definite, as no direct relation between ducks and chickens)

II. Some hens are ducks → True (as some ducks are hens)

Hence, only conclusion II follows.

Given: 12, 22, 40, 74, 140, ?

The logic followed here is:

Hence, 270 is the correct answer.

Given: 

The logic followed here here is: line AB is the mirror,

Hence, option (1) is the correct answer.

Given: Women, Mothers, Sisters

The logic followed here is:

All mothers and sisters are women. Some mothers can be sisters. 

 Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

Mistake Points Here, in the given question, the paper is unfolded in opposite direction, so you have to unfold the paper according to the given direction.

The logic followed here is:

The paper when unfolded will look like this:

Hence, option (4) is the correct answer.

Given: Virus : Ebola

The logic followed here is: 

Ebola is a disease which is caused by Virus.

Similarly,

Plague is a disease which is caused by Bacteria.

Hence, bacteria : plague is the correct answer.

The table is alphabets place value:

Given: QUORATE : AEOQRTU :: SANDBOX : ?

The logic followed here is: Arrange the letters in the alphabetical order.

QUORATE : AEOQRTU

Similarly,

SANDBOX : ?

Hence, ABDNOSX is the correct answer.

From the given information,

(1) Tushar is the only son of Jitendra, and Kirti is the daughter of Jitendra's father's brother.

(2) Suhani is the sister of Tushar. So, the final family tree is as follows,

Hence, Suhani is the niece of Kirti.

By checking the options:

(1) Genomics → the branch of molecular biology concerned with the structure, function, evolution, and mapping of genomes.

(2) Geology → the science which deals with the physical structure and substance of the earth, their history, and the processes which act on them.

(3) Mycology → the scientific study of fungi.

(4) Entomology → the branch of zoology concerned with the study of insects.

Hence, Geology is the odd one.

Given: 

Logic: If two dice have the same face value in the given image then their clockwise or anticlockwise number are the opposite numbers in dice.

While moving in a clockwise direction from the common face (C) in dice (2) and dice (3):

From both dices:

Now, F is opposite to E, thus F will be on the face opposite to the face having the letter E. 

Hence, F is the correct answer.

Shortcut TrickThe pattern followed here is:

From dice 1 and 2:

B and C both letters are common so remaining letter E and F will be opposite to each other.

Hence, the correct answer is "F".

Given: (72, 56, 42)

The logic followed here is: 

(72, 56, 42) → 9 × 8 = 72, 8 × 7 = 56, and 7 × 6 = 42

By checking the options, only option (3) follows the same logic given above, 

(132, 110, 90) → 12 × 11 = 132, 11 × 10 = 110, and 10 × 9 = 90

Hence, (132, 110, 90) is the correct answer.

The table is alphabets place value:

Given: ENVELOPE is written as IQZHPRTH.

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, MQXLQDXH is the correct answer.

By checking the options:

(1) 514 → 8³ + 2 = 512 + 2 = 514

(2) 345 → 7³ + 2 = 343 + 2 = 345

(3) 733 → 9³ + 2 = 729 + 2 = 731 ≠ 733

(4) 218 → 6³ + 2 = 216 + 2 = 218

Hence, 733 is different.

Arranging all the words as per their order in the dictionary:

3. Expandable
4. Expanded
5. Expanse
6. Expansion
7. Expansive

Hence, 3-5-1-4-2 is the correct answer.

Given: 12 : 20 

The logic followed here is: 

12 : 20 → 3 × 3 + 3 = 9 + 3 = 12, and 4 × 4 + 4 = 16 + 4 = 20

Similarly, 

Only option (2) follows the same logic given above,

30 : 42 → 5 × 5 + 5 = 25 + 5 = 30, and 6 × 6 + 6 = 36 + 6 = 42 

Hence, 30 : 42 is the correct answer.

Alternate Method

The logic followed here is:

12 : 20 → 4 × 3 = 12, 4 × 5 = 20

Similarly, only option (2) follows the same logic given above,

30 : 42 → 6 × 5 = 30, 6 × 7 = 42

Hence, 30 : 42 is the correct answer.

Given: Hindi : Devanagari :: English : ?

The logic followed here is: 

Devanagari is the script of Hindi.

Similarly,

Latin is the script of English.

Hence, latin is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Latin or Roman script, is a writing system used to write many modern-day languages. It is the most used writing system in the world today. It is the official script for nearly all the languages of Western Europe and of some Eastern European languages.
• Hindi is written in Devanagari script, which is made of two Sanskrit words: Deva, meaning 'God' and Nagari, meaning 'of urban origin'. Devanagari has its origin in Brahmi script.

Given: 

The logic followed here is: only option (3) is embedded as shown below,

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

Important Points

• Do not get tensed by the complexity of the figures.
• Carefully understand the structure of the given question figure.
• The embedded figure may not be of exact size. It may be small or big.
• Sometimes the rotation or reflection of the figures may be confusing.
• So think wisely before selecting the answer.

By checking options: 

(1) KOSW 

(2) EHLQ

(3) ILPU

(4) ORVA

Hence, KOSW is different.

By counting the triangles:

Hence, 28 is the correct answer.

Given: A notebook costs ₹12 each. A pen costs ₹9 each. Tina spends ₹123 on a total of 11 pieces of these articles. 

Let the number of notebooks be 'N' and the number of pens be 'P'.

The, according to the question:

N + P = 11, implies, P = 11 - N

and,

12N + 9P = 123

12N + 9 × (11 - N) = 123

12N + 99 - 9N = 123

3N + 99 = 123

3N = 123 - 99

3N = 24

N = 24 ÷ 3

N = 8

Hence, the number of notebooks are 8.

Given: 

The logic followed here is as given below, in each step

Therefore, following the same pattern, the final series is as follows:

Hence, option (1) is the correct answer.

Given: O _ E _ O Z _ T _ Z _ T

By checking options,

(1) T E Z O Z→ O T E E / O Z Z T / O Z Z T

(2) O E T Z T → O O E E / O Z T T / Z Z T T

(3) Z T E O E → O Z E T / O Z E T / O Z E T

Here **"O Z E T" is repeated.

(4) E Z T O E → O E E Z / O Z T T / O Z E T

• Option (3) gives a pattern of O Z E T - O Z E T - O Z E T.

Hence, Z T E O E is the correct answer.

Given: BOOTLACE is coded as 49960372 and CAPELIN is coded as 7382015. 

The logic followed here is: 

BOOTLACE is coded as 49960372.

And,

CAPELIN is coded as 7382015. 

Similarly,

TAPIOCA is coded as:

Hence, 6381973 is the correct answer.

Given: 97 ÷ 24 − 16 × 5 + 37 = 53

By checking options and interchanging the signs accordingly,

(1) 2 and 3; ÷ and −

LHS = 97 - 34 ÷ 16 × 5 + 27 

= 97 - 2.125 × 5 + 27

= 97 - 10.625 + 27

= 124 - 10.625

= 113.375 ≠ 52 (RHS)

LHS ≠ RHS

(2) 2 and 3; + and ×

= 97 ÷ 34 − 16 + 5 × 27

= 2.85 - 16 + 5 × 27

= 2.85 - 16 + 135

= 137.85 - 16

= 121.85 ≠ 52 (RHS)

LHS ≠ RHS

(3) 4 and 7; ÷ and +

= 94 + 27 − 16 × 5 ÷ 34

= 94 + 27 - 16 × 0.147

= 94 + 27 - 2.352

= 121 - 2.352

= 118.648 ≠ 53 (RHS)

LHS ≠ RHS

(4) 7 and 6; + and −

LHS = 96 ÷ 24 + 17 × 5 - 36 

= 4 + 17 × 5 - 36 

= 4 + 85 - 36 

= 89 - 36

= 53 (RHS)

LHS = RHS

Hence, 7 and 6; + and − is the correct answer.

Given: 221 : 348 : 517

The logic followed here is: 

221 : 348 : 517 

6³ = 216 → 216 + 5 = 221

7³ = 343 → 343 + 5 = 348

8³ = 512 → 512 + 5 = 517

By checking options, we get that only option (1) follow the same logic given above,

1005 : 1336 : 1733

10³ = 1000 → 1000 + 5 = 1005

11³ = 1331 → 1331 + 5 = 1336

12³ = 1728 → 1728 + 5 = 1733

Hence, 1005 : 1336 : 1733 is the correct answer.

Given:

Cosθ = [(P² – 1)]/[(P² + 1)]

Concept used:

Cosθ = B/H

Cosecθ = H/P

P = perpendicular; B = Base; H = hypotenuse.

Calculation:

According to the question,

⇒ $\cos \theta = \frac{P^2-1}{P^2+1}$

Here, B = P² - 1 ; H = P² + 1

P = √(H² – B²)

⇒ √[(P² + 1)² – (P² – 1)²]

⇒ √(P⁴ + 1 + 2P² – P⁴ – 1 + 2P²)

 ⇒ √4P²

⇒ 2P

So,

⇒ Cosecθ = (P² + 1)/2P

∴ The value of Cosec θ is (P² + 1)/2P

Calculation:

Total target production from Jan to April = 60 + 30 + 80 + 90 = 260

Total actual production from March to May = 100 + 80 + 120 = 300

Required Ratio = 260 : 300

⇒ 13 : 15

∴ Required ratio is 13 : 15

Calculation:

No. of workers whose daily wages are less than 450 = 30

No. of workers whose daily wages are more than 600 = 90

So, the required ratio = 1 : 3 = a : b

⇒ b - a = 3 - 1 = 2 units

∴ The required answer is 2

Given:

7sin²θ + 3cos²θ = 4

Concept used:

Calculation:

7sin²θ + 3cos²θ = 4

⇒ 7sin²θ + 3(1 - sin²θ) = 4

⇒ 7sin²θ + 3 - 3sin²θ = 4

⇒ 4sin²θ = 1

⇒ sin²θ = 1/4

⇒ sinθ = 1/2

⇒ θ = 30°

∴ The value of θ is 30°

Given:

$\frac{3 \tan^2 60^{\circ}+ \sec^2 30^{\circ}- \sin^2 45^{\circ}}{(\cos 15^{\circ}+ \sin 75^{\circ})(\sec15^{\circ}+ cosec 75^{\circ})}$

Concept used:

Calculation:

$\frac{3 \tan^2 60^{\circ}+ \sec^2 30^{\circ}- \sin^2 45^{\circ}}{(\cos 15^{\circ}+ \sin 75^{\circ})(\sec15^{\circ}+ cosec 75^{\circ})}$

[3 × (√3)² + (2/√3)² – (1/√2)²]/[{cos15° + sin(90 – 15)}{sec15° + cosec(90 - 15)}]

⇒ (3 × 3 + 4/3 – 1/2)/[(2cos15°)(2sec15°)]

⇒ [(54 + 8 - 3)/6]/[(2cos15°)(2/cos15°)]

⇒ 59/24

∴ Required answer is 59/24

Shortcut Trick

Let the Initial Price be 100.

Price after 18% discount = 100 − 18 = 82.

Price after 10% discount = 82 − 8.2 = 73.8.

Price after 15% discount = 73.8 − (0.15 × 73.8) = 73.8 − 11.07 = 62.73.

Equivalent Discount = 100 − 62.73 = 37.27%.

∴ The correct answer is 37.27%.

Alternate Method

Given: Successive discounts are 18%, 10%, and 15%.

Formula: Successive Discount for two rates a and b = (a + b − (a × b) ÷ 100)%

⇒ First two discounts (18% and 10%): 18 + 10 − (18 × 10) ÷ 100 = 28 − 1.8 = 26.2%

⇒ Now combine 26.2% and 15%: 26.2 + 15 − (26.2 × 15) ÷ 100

⇒ 41.2 − (393 ÷ 100) = 41.2 − 3.93 = 37.27%

∴ The correct answer is 37.27%.

Additional Information

Successive Discount Concept

When multiple discounts are applied one after another, the net discount is always less than the sum of individual discounts. Formula: Net SP = MP × (1 − d₁/100) × (1 − d₂/100) × (1 − d₃/100).

Order of Discounts

The final equivalent discount remains the same regardless of the order in which the successive discounts are applied (e.g., 10%, 15%, 18% yields the same result).

Given:

The perimeter of Δ ABC = 60 cm.

Calculation:

Let the length of AB be x cm

So, the length of BC = (2x - 2) cm and the length of AC = (x + 6) cm

The perimeter of Δ ABC = 60 cm.

⇒ x + 2x - 2 + x + 6 = 60

⇒ 4x + 4 = 60

⇒ 4x = 56

⇒ x = 14

The lengths of the sides of the triangle are:

AB = 14 cm

BC = (2x - 2) cm = 26 cm

AC = (x + 6) = 20 cm

∴ The length of the largest side of the triangle is 26 cm.

Given:

Cost price of the article = Rs. 4800

Loss % = 30

Profit % = 60

Concept used:

SP = CP + CP × profit%

SP = CP – CP × loss%

Calculation:

SP of the article = 4800 × 7/10

⇒ 3360

SP of the new article = 3360 × 8/5

⇒ 5376

Profit = 5376 – 4800 = 576

Profit % = (576/4800) × 100

⇒ 12%

∴ Required answer is 12% gain

Alternate Method- 30 + 60 + [(-30)(60)/100]

⇒ + 30 – 18

⇒ + 12

∴ Required answer is 12% gain

Given:

A can do 60% in 18 days

B can do 40% in 10 days

Concept used:

Total work = LCM of time taken by the workers

Efficiency = Total work/Time taken by the worker

Calculation:

A can do 60% in 18 days

A can do 100% in 30 days

B can do 40% in 10 days

B can do 100% in 25 days

In 10 they will complete (6 + 5) × 10 = 110 units of the work

Remaining 40 units to be done in 4 days by C

So Efficiency of C = 40/4 = 10 units/day

So, C will do in 150/10 = 15 days

∴ C can complete the task in 15 days alone

Given:

(4x - 5)³ + (x - 2)³+ 27(2x - 5)³= 9(4x - 5) (x - 2) (2x - 5)

Concept used:

If x + y + z = 0 then,

x³ + y³ + z³ = 3xyz

Calculation:

(4x - 5)³ + (x - 2)³+ 27(2x - 5)³= 9(4x - 5) (x - 2) (2x - 5)

⇒ (4x - 5)³ + (x - 2)³+ 27(2x - 5)³ - 3(4x - 5) (x - 2) 3(2x - 5) = 0

⇒ (4x - 5) + (x - 2) + 3(2x - 5) = 0

⇒ 4x - 5 + x - 2 + 6x - 15 = 0

⇒ 11x = 22

⇒ x = 2

(x + 3/2) = 2 + 3/2 = (4 + 3)/2

⇒ 7/2

∴ Required answer is 7/2

Calculation:

Marks of C in Maths = 70

Marks of C in English = 80

Marks of C in Physics = 90

Total marks = 70 + 80 + 90 = 240

Average = 240/3 = 80

∴ Required average is 80

Given:

489x6378y is divisible by 72

Concept used:

If the sum of digits of the number is divisible by 9, then the number itself is divisible by 9

If the last three digits of a number are divisible by 8, then the number is completely divisible by 8

Calculation:

72 = 8 × 9

⇒ 78y should be divisible by 8

So, y = 4

⇒ 489x63784 is divisible by 9

So,

⇒ 4 + 8 + 9 + x + 6 + 3 + 7 + 8 + 4 = 49 + x

⇒ x = 5

So,

√(8x + 6y) = √64

⇒ 8

∴ The required answer is 8

Given:

$61\frac{3}{5} \div \left[40 \div 2 :of:5 + 27 \div \frac{1}{3}-\left(78 \div 3\frac{1}{3}\right) \right]$

Concept used:

Calculation:

⇒ 308/5 ÷ [40 ÷ 2 of 5 + 27 ÷ 1/3 – (78 × 3/10)]

⇒ 308/5 ÷ [40 ÷ 2 of 5 + 27 ÷ 1/3 – 23.4]

⇒ 308/5 ÷ [40 ÷ 10 + 27 ÷ 1/3 – 23.4]

⇒ 308/5 ÷ [4 + 81 – 23.4]

⇒ 308/5 ÷ 61.6

⇒ 308/5 ÷ 616/10

⇒ 308/5 ÷ 308/5

⇒ 1

∴ Required answer is 1

Given:

Principal = Rs. 7200

Rate of interest = 20%

Concept used:

In case of half yearly

Amount = P(1 + (r/2)/100)ⁿ

Interest = Amount - Principal

P = Principal

r = rate

n = time

Calculation:

Half yearly interest = 20/2 = 10%

Amount = 7200(1 + 10/100)³

⇒ 7200 × 11/10 × 11/10 × 11/10

⇒ 9583.2

Interest = 9583.2 - 7200 = 2383.2 ≈ 2383

∴ The compound interest is Rs. 2383

Alternate MethodConcept used:

Effective rate for 3 years = 3r + $3r^2\over100$ + $r^3\over10000$

Calculation:

Interest is compounded half-yearly, then

Rate = 20/2 = 10% ; Time = (3/2) × 2 = 3 years

Effective rate for 3 years at 10% = 33.1%

C.I = 7200 × 33.1% = Rs. 2383.2 ≈ Rs. 2383

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 2383

Given:

Speed of the train = 66 km/h

Concept used:

Distance = Speed × time

Calculation:

Without stoppage train moves 66 × 24 = 1584 kms

For stoppage it is moving 1584 – 1485 = 99 km less

Time takes to cover 99 km by the train = 99/66 = 1.5 hours or 90 min

So, duration of each stops = 90/5 = 18 min

∴ Required answer is 18 minutes

Given:

In ΔABC, ∠A = 66°

Formula Used:

As we know incentre is the meet point of all the angle bisectors

Angle at the Incentre of a triangle = 90° + ∠Angle to its corosponding side/2

Calculation:

Substituting the values in the formula

∠BIC= 90° + 66/2

⇒ ∠BIC = 123°

∴ ∠BIC is 123°

Given:

∠APB = 78°

Concept used:

Sum of the angle of quadrilateral = 360°

Sum of the angle of triangle = 180°

Calculation:

The sum of the angle of quadrilateral = 360°

∠A + ∠B + ∠O + ∠P = 360°

AP and BP are tangent to the circle

∠OAP = ∠OBP = 90°

⇒ 90° + 90° + ∠O + 78° = 360°

⇒ ∠O = 360° – 90° + 90° – 78°

⇒ ∠O = 102°

∠OBA = ∠OAB

The sum of the angle of triangle = 180°

∠AOB + ∠OAB + ∠OBA = 180°

⇒ 102° + 2∠OAB = 180°

⇒ ∠OAB = 78/2

⇒ ∠OAB = 39°

∴ The value of ∠OAB is 39°.

Given:

9a² + 4b² + 49c² + 18 = 2(2b + 28c – 3a)

Concept used:

(a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab

(a - b)² = a² + b² - 2ab

Calculation:

9a² + 4b² + 49c² + 18 = 2(2b + 28c – 3a)

⇒ 9a² + 4b² + 49c² + 18 = 4b + 56c – 6a

⇒ 9a² + 6a + 1 + 4b² – 4b + 1 + 49c² – 56c + 16 = 0

 ⇒ (3a + 1)² + (2b – 1)² + (7c – 4)² = 0

⇒ (3a + 1) = (2b – 1) = (7c – 4) = 0

⇒ (3a + 1) = 0, (2b – 1) = 0, (7c – 4) = 0

⇒ a = - 1/3, b = 1/2, c = 4/7

According to the question,

(a + 2b - c) = (-1/3 + 2 × 1/2 - 4/7)

⇒ [(-7 + 21 - 12)/21]

⇒ 2/21

∴ Required answer is 2/21

Given:

AQ = 6.5 cm, PC = 7.5 cm and BR = 9 cm

Concept used:

If from any external point two tangents are drawn on the circle, they are equal in length.

Calculation:

From point A,

AQ = AR = 6.5 cm

From point B,

BR = BP = 9 cm

From point C,

CP = CQ = 7.5 cm

Perimeter = AQ + QR + CP + PB + BR + AR

⇒ 6.5 + 7.5 + 7.5 + 9 + 9 + 6.5 = 46 cm

∴ Perimeter of the triangle is 46 cm

Given:

A saves Rs. 4000

B saves Rs. 3500

Calculation:

Let income of A and B be 7x and 5x

Let expense of A be 2y

Expenditure of B = y

According to the question

7x – 2y = 4000  ---- (1)

5x – y = 3500  ---- (2)

Multiply by 2 in equation (2)

10x – 2y = 7000  ---- (3)

Subtract equation (1) from (3)

⇒ x = 1000

Total income of A and B = 7x + 5x = 12x = 12 × 1000 = 12000

∴ Total income of A and B is Rs. 12000

Given:

9x² - 6x + 1 = 0

Concept used: 

(a)³ + (1/a)³ = (a + 1/a)³ - 3(a + 1/a)

Calculation:

9x² - 6x + 1 = 0

⇒ 9x - 6 + 1/x = 0 [Multiplied with1/x]

⇒ 9x + 1/x = 6

⇒ 3x + 1/3x = 2 [Multiplied with1/3]

⇒ (3x)³ + (1/3x)³ = 8 – 3 × 2

⇒ 27x³ + 1/27x³ = 2

⇒ 27x³ + (27x³)^-1 = 2

∴ Required answer is 2

Given:

Average of 18 numbers = 42

Average of last 10 = 40

Average of first 5 = 44

Concept used:

Average = Sum of elements/Number of elements

Calculation:

Total of 18 numbers = 18 × 42 = 756

Total of last 10 numbers = 40 × 10 = 400

Total of first 5 numbers = 44 × 5 = 220

Total of 6^th, 7^th and 8^th = 756 – 400 – 220 = 136

Let 7^th number be x

So, 6^th number be x + 6

8^th number be x + 7

According to the question,

⇒ x + x + 6 + x + 7 = 136

⇒ 3x = 123

⇒ x = 41

6^th number = 47

8^th number = 48

Average = (47 + 48)/2 = 47.5

∴ The required answer is 47.5

Given:

A's income is 40% less than B

Calculation:

Let the income of B be Rs. 100

Then, income of A = 40% less than B = 60

A's new income = 75

B’s new income = 140

Total of New income = 140 + 75 = 215

Original income = 100 + 60 = 160

increase in income = 215 - 160 = 55

% increase in income = 55/160

⇒ 34.38% (Approx)

∴ Required answer is 34.38%

Given:

Dimensions of rectangular sheet = 32 cm × 18 cm.

Concept used:

Volume of a cuboid = l × b × h

Calculation:

If square of side 3 cm is cut off from corners.

Height of box = 3 cm

Length of box = 32 – 6 = 26 cm

Breadth of box = 18 – 6 = 12 cm

So volume of the box = 936 cm³

∴ The volume of the box is 936 cm³

Calculation:

In January target = 60

Actual was = 70

⇒ (10/60) × 100 = 16.67%

In February target = 30

Actual was = 50

⇒ (20/30) × 100 = 66.67%

In March target = 80

Actual was = 100

⇒ (20/80) × 100 = 25%

In May target = 100

Actual was = 120

⇒ (20/100) × 100 = 20%

∴ In May month the actual production of ACs 20% more than its target production

The correct answer is Sesamum.

Key Points

• Seasame is a Rabi crop in South India.
• It is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum and in India, it is smaller in numbers.
• Another species of Sesamum is S. Indicum.
• Sesamum is also known as Benne.
• The mustard plant is a plant species in the genera Brassica and Sinapis in the family **Brassicaceae.**​

Additional Information

• Finger millet (Ragi)
• Millet is a collective term referring to a number of small-seeded annual grasses that are cultivated as grain crops, primarily on marginal lands in dry areas in temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions.
• Some of the common millets available in India are Ragi (Finger millet), Jowar (Sorghum), Sama (Little millet), Bajra (Pearl millet), and Variga (Proso millet).
• Barley
• Barley is cultivated as a rabi season crop in Rajasthan.
• It is sown in October-December and harvested from March to May.
• Wheat
• It is a Rabi crop generally sown between October & November harvested between April & May.

The correct answer is Chiktan.

Key Points

• In Kargil, Ladakh, Khelo India Ice Hockey Tournament is being organized at Chiktan from 6 January 2021.
• For the first time, the women team of Chiktan also participated in the Khelo India Games in the Kargil district.
• There are 13 teams from different villages of Ch**iktan participating in the tournament, which include 11 men's teams and 2 women's teams.**​

Additional Information

• The first Khelo India Ice Hockey Championship 2020 trophy men's section was lifted by Ladakh Scout Regimental Centre (LSRC) Red team.
• They beat ITBP by 3-2 goals at NDS New Ice Hockey Rink on 9 Feb 2020.
• The tournament had started on 30 Jan 2020.
• A total of 13 teams participated in the first-ever Khelo India Ice Hockey Championship.

The correct answer is Centrally sponsored schemes.

Key Points

• As per Union Budget 2021, 9% of the government revenue will be spent on a Centrally sponsored scheme.
• Recently, the Minister of Finance presented the Union Budget 2021-22. This was the first-ever digital Union Budget.
• It is based on six pillars-
• Health and well-being.
• Physical and Financial capital and Infrastructure.
• Inclusive Development for Aspirational India.
• Reinvigorating Human capital.
• Innovation and R&D.
• Minimum Government, Maximum Governance.

Important Points 

• Father of Indian Budget - P. C. Mahalanobis.
• Current Union Finance Minister - Nirmala Sitaraman.
• Article 112 - Annual Financial Statement.
• The Union Finance Minister to present the maximum number of budgets - Moraji Desai (10 times).
• The first budget of the Republic of India was presented by John Mathai on 28^th February 1950.

Additional Information

• The Constitution refers to the Budget as the 'Annual Financial Statement'.
• The budget is laid before Parliament in the name of the President.
• The central ministry decided to merge the General Budget and the Railway Budget on 21^st September 2016.
• The General Budget has a total of 109 demands (103 for civil expenditure and 6 for defence expenditure).
• The Railway Budget has 32 demands. The Union Finance Minister presents the Union Budget every year in the Parliament that contains the Government of India revenue and expenditure for one fiscal year which begins on 1^st April and ends on 31^st March of the following year.
• India's first Union Budget was presented by the first Finance minister, RK Shanmukham Chetty on November 26, 1947.
• Former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was the first Indian woman Finance minister to have presented the budget in her capacity as the Prime Minister of India in 1978.
• C. D. Deshmukh was India's first Governor of RBI to have presented the interim Budget for the year (1951-1952).
• The budget of 1973-1974 is known as the 'Black Budget' due to the budget deficit.
• Stages of Enacting the budget
• Presentation of the budget.
• General discussion.
• Scrutiny by departmentally related standing committees.
• Voting on demands for grants.
• Passing of Appropriation Bill (Article 114).
• Passing of Finance Bill.

The correct answer is six.

• A Shadava Raga has only six notes in its scale.
• Shadava is one that has only six swaras in its scale.

Additional Information

• Audava: one which has only five swaras in its scale.
• Swarantara: one which has only four or three swaras in its scale.
• Sampoorna shadava: one which has all swaras in its ascending and only six in its descending.
• Shadava sampoorna: one which has only six swaras in its ascending and all swaras in its descending.
• Sampoorna Audava: one which has all the swaras in its ascending and only five swaras in its descending.
• Audava sampoorna: one which has only five swaras in its ascending and all the swaras in its descending.

The correct answer is Talasari.

Key Points

• Talasari beach was not awarded the international ‘Blue Flag’ certification by the Foundation of Environment Education, Denmark as of October 2020.​

Additional Information

• The Blue Flag programme is operated under the auspices of the Foundation for Environmental Education.
• It is headquartered in Copenhagen, Denmark.
• India becomes the first nation to be awarded Blue Flag certification for 10 beaches in a single attempt.
• 10 of India's beaches including Shivrajpur (Dwarka-Gujarat), Ghoghla (Diu), Kasarkod and Padubidri (Karnataka), Kappad (Kerala), Rushikonda (AP), Golden Beach (Odisha), Radhanagar (A&N Islands), Kovalam in Tamil Nadu and Eden in Puducherry beaches have received this award.
• Blue Flag is an iconic voluntary award for beaches, marinas, and sustainable boating.
• It is awarded to those that meet and maintain the criteria of a series of stringent environmental, educational, safety, and accessibility.

The correct answer is Manipur.

Key Points

• Keibul Lamjao National Park is located in Manipur.
• It is World's only 'floating' sanctuary.
• Famous for:
• Sangai: Endemic and endangered subspecies of brow-antlered deer.
• Phumdis: Floating islands.
• Nearby lake: Loktak lake.

Important Points

• Keibul Lamjao National Park:
• The Keibul Lamjao National Park is a national park in the Bishnupur district of the state of Manipur.
• The only floating national park of its kind in the world, Keibul Lamjao National Park is a singular wetland ecosystem located on Loktak Lake.
• The Keibul Lamjao, the only floating national park in the world, is home to the last of the brow-antlered deer (Rucervus eldii eldii), one of the most endangered deer in the world.
• The rare sangai or dancing deer can be spotted here with relative ease.
• Besides, you can also see hog deer, wild boar, large Indian civet, jungle cat and otter, along with several migratory birds, which arrive here between the months of November and March as well as waterfowls.
• The national park is characterized by many floating decomposed plant materials locally called phumdis.
• To preserve the natural refuge of the endangered Manipur Eld's deer or brow-antlered deer (Cervus eldi eldi), or sangai also called the dancing deer, listed as an endangered species by IUCN, the park which was initially declared to be a sanctuary in 1966, was subsequently declared to be a national park in 1977 through a gazette notification.

The correct answer is Alan Burgess.

Key Points

• Alan Burgess was a former New Zealand cricketer and as well as was a World War II veteran.
• He played first-class cricket for Canterbury from 1940 to 1952.
• During World War II, he served as a tank driver.
• He joined the New Zealand Army in 1941.
• In 1944, he took part in the Battle of Monte Cassino.
• He toured England with the New Zealand Services team as a batsman after the war in Europe finished.

Additional Information

• Alan Burgess:
• He was the world's oldest living first-class cricketer.
• He passed away in January 2021.
• When Tom Pritchard died in August 2017, Alan Burgess became New Zealand's oldest living first-class cricketer.
• Burgess became the oldest living first-class cricketer on June 13, 2020, when Vasant Raiji died.
• Following Burgess' death, Raghunath Chandorkar of India became the world's oldest living first-class cricketer, while lain Gallaway of New Zealand became the world's oldest living first-class cricketer.

The correct answer is Rigveda.

Key Points

• ‘Purusha Sukta’ is a hymn from Rigveda.
• In the 10^th Mandala of the Rigveda, Purusha Sukta outlines the origin of the four varnas (Brahmana, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra) from different parts of Purusha’s body.

Additional Information

• About Rig Veda:
• Rig Veda was said to be composed between 1500-1200 B.C, also known as the first testament of mankind.
• It is a collection of 10,600 verses and 1,028 hymns.
• It consists of 10 books also known as mandalas, each Mandal consists of Suktas.
• It consists of various secrets about the origin of the universe, the origin of Lord Shiva, the origin of Lord Varuna, etc.