RRC Group D Previous Year Paper 25 (Held On: 22 Sept 2018 Shift 2)

Telep, Aeroplane and spider are nowhere related to each other.

The correct Venn diagram representation is,

hone

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Simplify it by BODMAS: Bracket – Of – Division – Multiplication – Addition – Subtraction

{39 – (19 – 44)} ÷ { - 4 × 3 – (-4)}

⇒ {39 + 25} ÷ { -12 + 4)}

⇒ 64 ÷ (-8)

⇒ (-8)

The pattern followed here is,

Similarly,

Hence, “KVNQ” is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Test the given options to find which value satisfies the condition (New edge)³ − (Original edge)³ = 988.

Let original edge = 7 cm.

New edge = 7 + 4 = 11 cm.

Difference in Volume = 11³ − 7³ = 1331 − 343 = 988 cm³.

The condition is satisfied by option (1).

∴ The correct answer is 7 cm.

Alternate Method

Given: Increase in edge = 4 cm, Increase in volume = 988 cm³.

Formula Used: Volume of a cube = a³ (where a is the edge length).

Let the original edge of the cube be x cm.

⇒ Original Volume = x³

⇒ New Edge = (x + 4) cm

⇒ New Volume = (x + 4)³

According to the question:

⇒ (x + 4)³ − x³ = 988

⇒ (x³ + 3 × x² × 4 + 3 × x × 4² + 4³) − x³ = 988

⇒ 12x² + 48x + 64 = 988

⇒ 12x² + 48x − 924 = 0

Dividing the entire equation by 12:

⇒ x² + 4x − 77 = 0

⇒ x² + 11x − 7x − 77 = 0

⇒ x(x + 11) − 7(x + 11) = 0

⇒ (x − 7)(x + 11) = 0

⇒ x = 7 or x = −11

Since the length cannot be negative, the original edge is 7 cm.

∴ The correct answer is 7 cm.

Additional Information

Total Surface Area of a Cube

The total surface area (TSA) of a cube with side 'a' is given by 6a².

Diagonal of a Cube

The length of the longest diagonal that can fit inside a cube of side 'a' is a√3.

Volume of a Cuboid

The volume of a cuboid with length (l), breadth (b), and height (h) is l × b × h.

Shortcut Trick

Let the total work be 20 units (LCM of 20 and 20). Combined efficiency of A + B = 20 ÷ 20 = 1 unit/day.

Let B's efficiency be 'b'. A's efficiency = (1 − b).

Total work = (A + B) × (t − 5) + B × 5 = 20, but B finishes the remaining in 18 days.

Work done by B in last 18 days = 18b. Work done by A+B before A left = 20 − 18b.

Time taken by A+B = (20 − 18b) ÷ 1 days. Total time = (20 − 18b) + 5 = 20 − 18b + 5.

Equation: 18b = 5 × (Efficiency of B) is wrong. Let's use: (A+B) worked for (T−5) days, B worked alone for 5 days. Total T = 18 + (T−5) → T = 23. B's efficiency = 5/18 units/day. Total days = 20 ÷ (5/18) = 72 days.

∴ The correct answer is 72 days.

Alternate Method

Given: A leaves 5 days before completion. B finishes the remaining work in 18 days.

Let the total time to complete the work be T days.

A worked for (T − 5) days and B worked for T days.

⇒ (A + B) worked together for (T − 5) days.

⇒ B worked alone for the last 5 days. But the question says B finishes the remaining in 18 days.

⇒ This means the work left by A (which A would have done in 5 days) was completed by B in (18 − 5) = 13 days? No.

⇒ Work done by A in 5 days = Work done by B in (18 − 5) days is incorrect logic.

⇒ Correct Logic: (A + B) × 20 = (A + B) × (T − 5) + B × 5. Given B's solo time for remaining part is 18.

⇒ Work left when A left = 5 days of A's work + 5 days of B's work.

⇒ B takes 18 days to finish this: 18 × B = 5 × (A + B).

⇒ 18B = 5A + 5B ⇒ 13B = 5A ⇒ A/B = 13/5.

⇒ Efficiency: A = 13, B = 5. Total efficiency = 18.

⇒ Total Work = 18 × 20 = 360 units.

⇒ Time taken by B = 360 ÷ 5 = 72 days.

∴ The correct answer is 72 days.

Additional Information

Efficiency and Time Relationship

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken to complete the work. If the ratio of efficiency is x:y, the ratio of time taken is y:x.

Work Equating Method

Total Work = Efficiency × Time. When a person leaves, the remaining work is equated to the product of the efficiency of remaining people and the extra time taken.

Option 1: Profit percentage of zone 2 in 2013, 2014, and 2015 has 50%, it shows constant profit means no improvement.

Option 2: In both zones, there is an increase and decrease in profit over the years.

Option 3: There is a profit improvement in both zones.

Option 4: In some years, zone 1 got more profit while in some, zone 2.

∴ In the last three years, zone 2 has shown no improvement in the profit percentage.

CONCEPT:

Laws of Motion given by Newton are as follows:

EXPLANATION:

• The rate of change of momentum of any object is directly proportional to the applied force on the body.

${\rm{Force;}}\left( {\rm{F}} \right) = \frac{{{\rm{Δ }}P}}{{{\rm{Δ }}t}}$

Where Δ P = Change in momentum and Δ t = change in time taken

• Option (3) correctly explains the second law of motion given by Newton.

• The effect of one object striking another object depends both on the mass of the former object and its velocity. This means that the effect of the force depends on a property related to both mass and velocity of the striking object. This property was termed ‘momentum’ by Newton.

• Momentum has magnitude as well as direction.

• In the SI system, the unit of momentum is kg m/s, while in the CGS system, it is g cm/s.

Shortcut Trick

To find the ratio of Sand to Cement, multiply the two given ratios directly.

Ratio of Sand : Cement = (Sand / Gravel) × (Gravel / Cement)

⇒ (17 / 9) × (6 / 17) = 6 / 9 = 2 / 3

∴ The correct answer is 2 : 3.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of Sand : Gravel = 17 : 9

Ratio of Gravel : Cement = 6 : 17

To combine the ratios, make the common term (Gravel) equal by taking LCM of 9 and 6, which is 18.

⇒ Sand : Gravel = (17 × 2) : (9 × 2) = 34 : 18

⇒ Gravel : Cement = (6 × 3) : (17 × 3) = 18 : 51

⇒ Sand : Gravel : Cement = 34 : 18 : 51

⇒ Sand : Cement = 34 : 51

⇒ Divide by 17: Sand : Cement = 2 : 3

∴ The correct answer is 2 : 3.

Additional Information

Compound Ratio

When two or more ratios are multiplied together, the result is called a compound ratio. For ratios a:b and c:d, the compound ratio is (ac):(bd).

Ratio Balancing

To find a continuous ratio like A:B:C, we multiply the ratios such that the common variable has the same numerical value in both parts using the LCM method.

• In Syed Mushtaq Ali T20 Trophy-2018 final Delhi defeated Rajasthan by 41 runs.
• Delhi lifted the title for the first time.
• Syed Mushtaq Ali T20 Trophy-2018 is domestic T-20 cricket championship played in India.
• This championship is arranged by the BCCI.
• Secretary, Board of Cricket Control in India: Jay Shah
• Presidents, BCCI: Sourav Ganguly

International Cricket Council

Syed Mushtaq Ali T20 Trophy recent winners:

• Emperor Akbar was one of the greatest monarchs of the Mughal dynasty.
• He was the son of Humayun and Hamida Banu Begam.
• He was born at Amarkot in c.1542 CE.
• When Humayun fled to Iran, young Akbar was captured by his uncle Kamran, but he treated him well.
• Akbar was re-united with his parents after the capture of Qandahar. He was thus crowned at Kalanaur (Punjab) in c.1556 CE, at the age of 13 years by Bairam Khan.

• Xuan Zang(Hiuen Tsang) was a Chinese traveler who visited India in the 7^th century A.D. He stayed in Vijayawada to study the Buddhist scriptures.
• Two major historical sources that provide information regarding the Pushyabhuti dynasty are the Harshacharita, a biography of Harsha written by Harsha’s court poet Banabhatta, and travelogues of the Chinese pilgrim Hiuen Tsang/Xuan Zang.
• Samudragupta granted permission to the Buddhist king of Ceylon, Meghavarman, to build a monastery and rest house for pilgrims from Ceylon at Bodh Gaya. The magnificence of this monastery was described in the 7th-century works of Hieun Tsang (Xuan Zang).
• Hiuen Tsang gives a very important account of Nalanda University.
• During the reign of Narasimhavarman I, Hiuen Tsang visited the Pallava capital Kanchipuram.

Shortcut Trick

Convert decimal -0.75 to fraction → −3/4.

Test x = 60°: cos 60° = 1/2, sin 60° = √3/2.

LHS = 3(1/2)² − 2(√3/2)² = 3(1/4) − 2(3/4) = 3/4 − 6/4 = −3/4 = −0.75.

LHS = RHS, so x = 60°.

∴ The correct answer is 60°.

Alternate Method

Given: 3cos² x − 2sin² x = −0.75

Formula: sin² x = 1 − cos² x

⇒ 3cos² x − 2(1 − cos² x) = −3/4

⇒ 3cos² x − 2 + 2cos² x = −0.75

⇒ 5cos² x − 2 = −0.75

⇒ 5cos² x = 2 − 0.75

⇒ 5cos² x = 1.25

⇒ cos² x = 1.25 ÷ 5 = 0.25

⇒ cos² x = 1/4

⇒ cos x = √(1/4) = 1/2 (since 0° ≤ x ≤ 90°)

⇒ x = 60°

∴ The correct answer is 60°.

Additional Information

Trigonometric Identities

Fundamental identity: sin² x + cos² x = 1. Also, sec² x − tan² x = 1 and cosec² x − cot² x = 1.

Standard Values

For x = 60°, sin x = √3/2, cos x = 1/2, and tan x = √3.

Double Angle Formula

cos 2x = cos² x − sin² x = 2cos² x − 1 = 1 − 2sin² x.

Conclusion 1: This is not follow, because it is mentioned in the statement that those who cycle are healthy, which does not mean that those who do not cycle are unhealthy.

Conclusion 2: This is not follow, because it is mentioned in the statement that those who cycle are healthy, which does not mean that they will never fall ill.

Hence, “neither conclusion 1 nor conclusion 2” follows.

• The first bank in India to introduce the Iris Scan Authentication feature for Aadhaar-based transactions is Axis Bank.
• Iris scan technology is entirely contactless.
• As per a study conducted by the International Centre for Biometric Research, Iris scan technology provides up to 98.2 per cent authentication success rate.

• An Amoeba reproduces by binary fission.
• An amoeba is a type of unicellular organism which has the ability to alter its shape, primarily by extending and retracting pseudopods.
• Prokaryotes (Bacteria), Protists (Amoeba, Paramoecium, Euglena, etc.) and eukaryotic cell-organelle like mitochondria and chloroplasts perform asexual reproduction by binary fission.
• In this process, two similar daughter cells are formed by dividing parent cells.
• Axis of fission/division is different in different protists. Ex.: Amoeba divides in any plane due to lack of specific shape; hence it is called as ‘simple binary fission’.
• Paramoecium divides by ‘transverse binary fission’ whereas  Euglena by ‘longitudinal binary fission’.
• Binary fission is usually performed by living organisms during favourable conditions i.e. availability of abundant food material.

Binary Fission:-

Simplify it by BODMAS: Bracket – Of – Division – Multiplication – Addition – Subtraction

8 × {7 – (-2) × (-4)}

⇒ 8 × {7 – 8}

⇒ 8 × (-1)

⇒ (-8)

Shortcut Trick

Salary (25%) → ₹2,00,000

Maintenance (50%) → 2 × Salary (25%)

⇒ 2 × ₹2,00,000 = ₹4,00,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹4,00,000.

Alternate Method

Given:

⇒ Procurement = 25%

⇒ Employees Salary = 25%

⇒ Maintenance = 50%

⇒ Total Salary Amount = ₹2,00,000

Calculation:

⇒ 25% of Total Expense = ₹2,00,000

⇒ 1% of Total Expense = 2,00,000 ÷ 25 = ₹8,000

⇒ Maintenance Expense = 50% of Total Expense

⇒ Maintenance Expense = 50 × ₹8,000 = ₹4,00,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹4,00,000.

Additional Information

Percentage Base Change

To find a value when another percentage value is known, use the Unitary Method: (Given Value ÷ Given %) × Target %.

Total Expense calculation

Total expense is always considered 100%. If 25% = ₹2,00,000, then 100% = ₹8,00,000.

Direct Ratio Comparison

If the percentages are in a simple ratio (e.g., 25% : 50% is 1 : 2), the actual costs will follow the same ratio directly.

CONCEPT:

• Work is said to be done when a force applied on an object causes displacement of the object.

 Work done (W) = force (F) × displacement (S)

• Work-energy theorem: It states that the sum of work done by all the forces acting on a body is equal to the change in the kinetic energy of the body i.e.,

Work done by all the forces = Kf - Ki

$W = \frac{1}{2}m{v^2} - \frac{1}{2}m{u^2} = {\bf{Δ }}K$

Where v = final velocity, u = initial velocity and m = mass of the body

CALCULATION:

It is given that,

Mass (m) = 800 kg

Final Velocity (v) = 10 m/s and initial velocity (u) = 5 m/s

According to the work-energy theorem,

⇒  Work done = Change in K.E

⇒  W = Δ K.E

$W = \frac{1}{2}m{v^2} - \frac{1}{2}m{u^2} = {\bf{Δ }}K$

⇒ W = 1/2 × 800 × (10² - 5²)

⇒ W = 400 × 75

⇒ W = 30000 J

⇒ W = 30 kJ

The pattern followed here is,

For POT,

So,

POT is written as ‘151419’

Similarly,

For OUGHT,

OUGHT is written as ‘14206719’

Hence, “14206719” is the correct answer.

• Ovary is part of the female reproductive system.
• The male reproductive system of humans consists of testes, various ducts and glands. Testes are present in the scrotum, outside the abdominal cavity. Testes contain numerous seminiferous tubules.
• Germinal epithelium present in the tubules divides by meiosis to produce sperms. Those sperms are sent forward through various tubules.
• The sequence of those tubules is as- rete testes, vas eferens, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct and urinogenital duct. As the sperms are pushed forwards from one duct to next, they become mature and able to fertilize the ovum.

Surprising Facts

1. Length of each epididymis is about 6 meters.
   
2. Length of sperm is about 60 micrometres.

The least possible Venn diagram is as follows,

DIAGRAM

Conclusion 1: All ladles are handles → False (This is possible but not definitely true)

Conclusion 2: Some ladles are handles → True (This is definitely true)

Conclusion 3: No ladles is a window → False (This is possible but not definitely true)

Hence, “only conclusion 2” follow.

• Raja Harischandra, a movie directed by Dadasaheb Phalke was the first to be processed completely in India.
• It was released in Mumbai, in 1913.
• He also created silent movies named as Mohini- Bhasmasur, Savitri- Satyavana, also documentaries on the rock-cut caves of Verul and pilgrim centres of Nashik and Tryambakeshwar.
• The ‘Delhi Doordarshan Centre’ was inaugurated by Dr Rajendra Prasad, the first Indian President.
• Doordarshan’s Mumbai centre began to telecast its programmes on 1st May 1972.
• Colour television was introduced on 15th August 1982. In 1991 the Indian government granted permission to private national and international channels to telecast in India.​

Additional Information

• Alam Ara is the first talkie movie(sound film) made in India.
• It was directed by Ardeshir Irani.
• Alam Ara was released on 14 March 1931.
• The film tells the love story between a prince and a gypsy girl.
• The movie was inspired by the American film 'Show Boat' in 1929.
• Prithviraj Kapoor played the lead role in Alam Ara movie.
• A song from this movie "De De Khuda Ke Naam Per“, was the first playback song in Indian cinema.
• As per official data, there is no known copy of the film anymore.
• It was for the first time that 78 actors recorded their voices for the movie.
• Google celebrated the 80th anniversary of the film's release by publishing Google Doodle on 14 March 2011.

The given figure consists of a square, a circle, a triangle with equal sides and a star symbol.

Similarly,

In figure B also all the above geometric figures and a star symbol are present.

Figure B resembles the given figure.

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Rewrite the equation in standard form Ax² + Bx + C = 0:

(3 − a)x² − (a + 2)x + 4 = 0.

For a repeated solution, the discriminant (D) must be zero: B² = 4AC.

⇒ (a + 2)² = 16(3 − a).

Testing options for the positive integral solution: If a = 2, then (2 + 2)² = 16 − 0 ⇒ 16 = 16(1), which is true.

∴ The correct answer is 2.

Alternate Method

Given Equation: 3x² − ax + 9 = ax² + 2x + 5

Formula Used: For a quadratic equation Ax² + Bx + C = 0 to have equal roots, D = B² − 4AC = 0.

⇒ 3x² − ax² − ax − 2x + 9 − 5 = 0

⇒ (3 − a)x² − (a + 2)x + 4 = 0

⇒ Here, A = (3 − a), B = −(a + 2), and C = 4.

⇒ D = [−(a + 2)]² − 4 × (3 − a) × 4 = 0

⇒ (a + 2)² − 16(3 − a) = 0

⇒ a² + 4a + 4 − 48 + 16a = 0

⇒ a² + 20a − 44 = 0

⇒ a² + 22a − 2a − 44 = 0

⇒ a(a + 22) − 2(a + 22) = 0

⇒ (a + 22)(a − 2) = 0

⇒ a = 2 or a = −22

⇒ Since we need the positive integral solution, a = 2.

∴ The correct answer is 2.

Additional Information

Nature of Roots

The discriminant D = B² − 4AC determines the nature of roots: If D > 0, roots are real and distinct; if D = 0, roots are real and equal (repeated); if D < 0, roots are imaginary.

Perfect Square Condition

A quadratic expression is a perfect square if and only if its discriminant is equal to zero (D = 0).

Linear vs Quadratic Solution

If the coefficient of x² (i.e., A) is zero, the equation becomes linear and has exactly one unique solution, but not a 'repeated' one.

The correct answer is Option 4, i.e Lichen.

Key Points

• Litmus solution is extracted from Lichen. In the laboratory, litmus paper is mainly used to test alkali or base. It is red or blue coloured.
• Blue litmus paper turns red on dipping in acid and red litmus turns blue by alkali.
• Similarly, phenolphthalein, methyl orange and methyl red are used in the laboratory in solution form.
• Methyl orange indicator becomes pink in acid and yellow in alkali.
• Phenolphthalein remains colourless in acid and becomes pink in alkali.
• A universal indicator which is in a liquid state change their colour in the presence of acid and base.

Additional Information

• The Public Affairs Index (PAI) 2017 was released by The Public Affairs Centre (PAC).
• Kerala topped the 2017 Public Affairs Index (PAI) in governance.
• Public Affairs Index (PAI) ranks the States of India from the lens of governance.
• This data-driven platform gathers data from official ministries and departments of respective governments.

Ranks secured by the states in 2017: 

Details about the states:

Shortcut Trick

Break down the percentage: 45% → 50% − 5%.

50% of 250 = 125 (half of 250).

5% of 250 = 12.5 (one-tenth of 125).

Difference = 125 − 12.5 = 112.5.

∴ The correct answer is 112.5.

Alternate Method

Given: Value = 250, Percentage = 45%

Formula Used: Result = (Percentage ÷ 100) × Value

⇒ Result = (45 ÷ 100) × 250

⇒ Result = 0.45 × 250

⇒ Result = 112.5

∴ The correct answer is 112.5.

Additional Information

Percentage Change

Percentage change = (New Value − Old Value) ÷ Old Value × 100.

Base Change Property

x% of y is always equal to y% of x. For example, 45% of 250 = 250% of 45.

Fraction Equivalents

Converting percentages to fractions (e.g., 20% = 1/5) simplifies multiplication in competitive exams.

CONCEPT:

• Melting and Melting Point: The process of change of state from solid to liquid is called melting.
• The temperature at which solid starts to liquefy is known as the melting point of that solid.
• The melting point of a substance at atmospheric pressure is called a normal melting point.
• The normal melting point of ice is 0 °C.

EXPLANATION:

• When heat is given to any substance, its temperature increases and it expands. Its expansion depends on the increase in its temperature.
• During the melting of solid, all the heat given to the solid spend in the change of state from solid to liquid. That's why the temperature of the material does not change. So option 3 is correct.

Characteristics of the states of matter:

Argument 1: This is strong, because our natural resources are precious and awareness about their conservation should be increased.

Argument 2: This is not strong, because not only green cover but also rain water should be conserved.

Hence, “only argument 1” is strong.

• T.M. Krishna was conferred with the Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration for 2015-16.
• T.M. Krishna has won Ramon Magsaysay award for bringing “social inclusiveness in culture” in 2016.
• He is the prominent Carnatic vocalist in the rigorous Carnatic tradition of Indian classical music.

About the Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration:

Details about personalities given in option:

Drawing the family tree,

DIAGRAM

Whether U is a male or a female, B is the father-in-law of U.

B is the father-in-law to U.

Hence, “father-in-law” is the correct answer.

• England defeated Spain at the Salt Lake Stadium in Kolkata on Oct 28, 2017, to win the FIFA U – 17 world Cup.
• India was the host country for FIFA U – 17 world Cup.
• Total of 24 teams participated in this event.
• Rhian Brewster (England) scored the highest goals in the tournament. (8 goals)

Some important football stadiums in India:

Shortcut Trick

In any right-angled triangle, the circumradius (R) is always equal to half of the hypotenuse.

Given sides: 2 cm, 2√3 cm, and 4 cm. The hypotenuse is the longest side = 4 cm.

⇒ Circumradius (R) = 4 ÷ 2 = 2 cm.

⇒ Area of circumcircle = πR² = π × 2² = 4π cm².

∴ The correct answer is 4π cm².

Alternate Method

Given: Sides of the triangle are 2 cm, 2√3 cm, and 4 cm.

Formula Used: For a right-angled triangle, Circumradius (R) = Hypotenuse ÷ 2; Area of circle = πR².

First, verify if the triangle is right-angled using Pythagoras Theorem:

⇒ (Base)² + (Perpendicular)² = 2² + (2√3)²

⇒ 4 + (4 × 3) = 4 + 12 = 16

⇒ (Hypotenuse)² = 4² = 16

⇒ Since 2² + (2√3)² = 4², the triangle is right-angled at C.

⇒ Circumradius (R) = Hypotenuse ÷ 2 = 4 ÷ 2 = 2 cm.

⇒ Area of circumcircle = π × R²

⇒ Area = π × 2² = 4π cm².

∴ The correct answer is 4π cm².

Additional Information

Circumcenter Location

The circumcenter of a right-angled triangle is the midpoint of its hypotenuse, and it is equidistant from all three vertices.

Inradius of a Right Triangle

The inradius (r) of a right-angled triangle is given by the formula: r = (Base + Perpendicular − Hypotenuse) ÷ 2.

Area of Triangle

The area of this right-angled triangle is 1/2 × Base × Height = 1/2 × 2 × 2√3 = 2√3 cm².

Conclusion 1: This follows, because the photographer has appreciated the assistant.

Conclusion 2: This also follows, because the photographer told his assistant that the pictures he clicked were awesome.

Hence, “both conclusions” follow.

The pattern followed here is,

3 - 1 = 2;

2 + 7 = 9;

9 - 1 = 8;

8 + 7 = 15;

15 - 1 = 14;

14 + 7 = 21

Hence, “21” is the correct answer.

CONCEPT:

• Momentum (P): The product of mass and velocity of an object is called momentum.
• Momentum is a vector quantity.

Momentum (P) = Mass (m) ×​ Velocity (v)

• Momentum has magnitude as well as direction. Its direction is the same as that of velocity. In the SI system, the unit of momentum is kg m/s, while in the CGS system, it is g cm/s.
• According to Newton's second law of motion, the rate of change of momentum is proportional to the applied force and the change of momentum occurs in the direction of the force.

CALCULATION:

Given that: Mass (m) = 80 kg

Velocity (v) = 60 m/s

⇒  Momentum (P) = m × v

⇒  P = 80 × 60

⇒  P = 4800 kgms^-­1

CONCEPT:

• Convex mirror: If the outer surface of the spherical mirror is the reflecting surface then it is called a convex mirror. It is also called the diverging mirror.
• The nature of the image formed by a convex mirror does not depend on the distance of the object from the mirror. These images are always virtual, smaller than the object, and situated behind the mirror.
• Concave mirror: If the inner surface of the spherical mirror is the reflecting surface, then it is called a concave mirror. It is also called a focusing mirror/converging mirror.
• The size of the image produced by these mirrors can be larger or smaller than the object, depending upon the distance of the object from the mirror.
• The concave mirror can form both real as well as virtual images of any object.

EXPLANATION:

• The convex mirror always forms a virtual image that lies between pole and focus of the mirror. A virtual image is always erect.
• The convex mirror always forms the image which is smaller than the size of the object.
• When an object is placed in front of a convex mirror at a point between infinity and the pole of the mirror. The image formed is virtual and diminished. So option 4 is correct.

• India celebrates its National Sports Day on 29th August.
• Birth anniversary of hockey legend Major Dhyan Chand is celebrated as National Sports Day.
• He was one of the greatest players of the Indian Hockey team.
• He is popularly known as the 'The Wizard'.
• In his career of 22 years, he had scored over 400 goals.
• Under his leadership, India won three Olympic gold medals in the years – 1928, 1932, and 1936.

Shortcut Trick

In same-direction cases, Relative Speed × Time = Length of Train (Constant).

(S − 4.5) × 8 = (S − 6) × 8.4

8S − 36 = 8.4S − 50.4

0.4S = 14.4 ⇒ S = 14.4 ÷ 0.4 = 36 km/hr.

∴ The correct answer is 36 km/hr.

Alternate Method

Given: Speed of person 1 (V₁) = 4.5 km/hr, Time 1 (T₁) = 8 s, Speed of person 2 (V₂) = 6 km/hr, Time 2 (T₂) = 8.4 s.

Formula Used: Distance (Length) = Relative Speed × Time

⇒ Let Speed of Train be S km/hr.

⇒ Length L = (S − 4.5) × (5/18) × 8 --- (i)

⇒ Length L = (S − 6) × (5/18) × 8.4 --- (ii)

⇒ (S − 4.5) × 8 = (S − 6) × 8.4

⇒ 8S − 36 = 8.4S − 50.4

⇒ 50.4 − 36 = 8.4S − 8S

⇒ 14.4 = 0.4S

⇒ S = 14.4 ÷ 0.4 = 36 km/hr.

∴ The correct answer is 36 km/hr.

Additional Information

Relative Speed Concept

When two objects move in the same direction, relative speed = S₁ − S₂. When they move in opposite directions, relative speed = S₁ + S₂.

Unit Conversion

To convert km/hr to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/hr, multiply by 18/5.

Train Crossing Persons

When a train crosses a moving person, the distance traveled is equal to the length of the train.

Shortcut Trick

1. Fixed positions: Blue is the largest (1st) and Pink is the smallest (7th).
2. Comparison chain: Red > Green > Yellow > (Orange and Black).
3. The statements do not provide any information to compare the size of the Orange ball relative to the Black ball.
4. Without the specific comparison between Orange and Black, a unique 1 to 7 order cannot be established. ∴ The correct answer is Neither statement is sufficient.

Alternate Method Given: Seven balls (Green, Yellow, Blue, Orange, Red, Pink, Black). Analysis of Statements: ⇒ From Statement 3: Blue is at Position 1 (Largest). ⇒ From Statement 2: Pink is at Position 7 (Smallest). ⇒ From Statements 1, 4, and 5: Red > Green > Yellow > Orange and Yellow > Black. ⇒ Combined Chain: Blue (1) > Red (2) > Green (3) > Yellow (4) > {Orange, Black} (5 or 6) > Pink (7).

⇒ To determine the complete order, we must know the exact relationship between the Orange and Black balls. ⇒ Since none of the statements compare Orange and Black, we cannot distinguish between the 5th and 6th positions. ⇒ Therefore, even after using all statements, the question cannot be answered. ∴ The correct answer is Neither statement is sufficient.

Additional Information Data Sufficiency in Ranking A set of statements is sufficient only if it leads to a unique arrangement. If multiple orders (like swapping Orange and Black) are possible, the data is insufficient. Transitive Property of Inequality If Ball A > Ball B and Ball B > Ball C, then Ball A > Ball C. This helps in building chains, but gaps in comparison between two elements (like Orange and Black) prevent full ordering. Minimum Information Required To order n distinct items completely, we generally need at least n−1 specific comparative relations that form a single connected chain.

• An individual nerve cell may be up to 100 cm long.
• Transmission impulses from tissues/organs to the CNS is done by the afferent nerve fibres.
• Transmission of regulatory impulses from the CNS to the concerned peripheral tissues/organs is performed by the efferent fibres.

Details about Human Neural System:

Lateral mirror image is the one that is formed when the mirror is kept on the side of any object.

The lateral mirror image of A2138 is,

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 32.

• 32 elements are present in the sixth period of the modern periodic table.
• The modern periodic table contains seven horizontal rows called periods 1 to 7.
• The eighteen vertical columns in this table are the groups 1 to 18.
• The entire periodic table is divided into four blocks, viz, s-block, p-block, d-block, and f-block.
• The s-block contains groups 1 and 2. The groups 13 to 18 constitute the p-block. The groups 3 to 12 constitute the d-block, while the lanthanide and actinide series at the bottom form the f-block.
• The d-block elements are called transition elements.

The number of elements in each period is given below:

Shortcut Trick

Identify the highest powers of prime factors across all numbers.

Numbers: 45 = 9 × 5 = 3² × 5¹

25 = 5²

35 = 5 × 7

LCM = 3² × 5² × 7 = 9 × 25 × 7 = 1575.

∴ The correct answer is 1575.

Alternate Method

Given: Three numbers 45, 25, and 35.

Formula Used: LCM (Least Common Multiple) is the smallest number which is exactly divisible by each of the given numbers.

⇒ Prime factorization of 45 = 3 × 3 × 5 = 3² × 5

⇒ Prime factorization of 25 = 5 × 5 = 5²

⇒ Prime factorization of 35 = 5 × 7

⇒ LCM = 3² × 5² × 7

⇒ LCM = 9 × 25 × 7

⇒ LCM = 225 × 7 = 1575

∴ The correct answer is 1575.

Additional Information

HCF and LCM Relation

For two numbers a and b, the product of the numbers is equal to the product of their HCF and LCM: a × b = HCF(a, b) × LCM(a, b).

LCM of Fractions

LCM of fractions = (LCM of Numerators) ÷ (HCF of Denominators).

HCF of Fractions

HCF of fractions = (HCF of Numerators) ÷ (LCM of Denominators).

Assumption 1: This is not implicit, because nothing is mentioned about ancient health science in the statement.

Assumption 2: This is implicit, because school management has introduced compulsory yoga and relaxation for all its class XI and XII students.

Hence, “only assumption 2” is implicit.

Shortcut Trick

Silver % = 42% → 147 g

Other elements % = 100% − 42% = 58%

Value of 58% = (147 ÷ 42) × 58 = 3.5 × 58 = 203 g

∴ The correct answer is 203 g.

Alternate Method

Given:

Percentage of Silver in Alloy = 42%

Weight of Silver = 147 g

Let the total quantity of the Alloy be x g.

⇒ 42% of x = 147

⇒ (42 ÷ 100) × x = 147

⇒ x = (147 × 100) ÷ 42

⇒ x = 350 g (Total weight of alloy)

Weight of other elements = Total weight − Weight of Silver

⇒ 350 − 147 = 203 g

∴ The correct answer is 203 g.

Additional Information

Percentage Composition

The sum of all component percentages in a mixture or alloy always equals 100%.

Base Value Identification

Value of Required Part = (Given Value ÷ Given Percentage) × Required Percentage.

Percentage Change

Percentage change = (Difference ÷ Original Value) × 100.

The correct answer is Parenchyma.

Important Points

• Parenchyma tissue has large intercellular spaces.

Additional Information

CONCEPT:

• Refraction of light: The bending of the ray of light passing from one medium to the other medium is called the refraction of light.
• The refraction of light takes place on going from one medium to another because the speed of light is different in the two media.
• When a ray of light goes from a rarer medium to a denser medium, it bends towards the normal.
• When a ray of light goes from a denser medium to a rarer medium, it bends away from the normal.

EXPLANATION:

• The refraction of light through the atmosphere is responsible for many interesting phenomena. For example, the Sun is visible a little before the actual sunrise and until a little after the actual sunset due to refraction of light through the atmosphere.
• The layers of air nearer to earth are denser than those above it.
• At sunrise and sunset when the sun is below the horizon, the light rays starting from the sun are incident on these layers.
• They pass through successively denser layers and thus get bent more and more towards the normal until they fall upon the eye of the observer.
• To the observer, these rays appear to come from S’ which is above the horizon. It is for this reason that the sun is visible to us a little before it rises above the horizon and so also till a little later it sets below the horizon.
• The difference in time is about 2 minutes each for an early rise and late setting of the Sun. So option 1 is correct.

Important Points

• This phenomenon is also responsible for the twinkling of light as the movements of air and convection currents cause a change in the density of the layers of air.
• As a result, the position of the image of the star goes on changing after every short interval.
• These different positions of the images formed at short intervals of time give the impression that the star is twinkling.

• Option (4) 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO is an example of a balanced chemical reaction.
• A chemical reaction is a process in which some substances undergo bond breaking and are transformed into new substances by the formation of new bonds.
• The substances taking part in a chemical reaction are called reactants, whereas the substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction by the formation of new bonds are called products.
• For example, the formation of carbon dioxide gas by combustion of coal in the air is a chemical reaction. In this reaction coal (carbon) and oxygen (from the air) are the reactants while carbon dioxide is the product.
• A chemical reaction is denoted by writing a chemical equation.

The triangles in the given figure are as follows:

Hence, “29” is the correct answer.

• AirAsia became the first foreign airline to begin its operation from Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir.
• Srinagar airport is also known as the Sheikh-ul-Alam International Airport.
• AirAsia is a Malaysian low-cost airline.
• The Jammu and Kashmir (Reorganisation) Bill, 2019 has downgraded Jammu and Kashmir's status of the state into Union Territory.
• Two new Union Territories - Jammu and Kashmir with a legislature and Ladakh without legislature.
• Mr. Manoj Sinha is the Lt. governor of UT of Jammu and Kashmir. (As of Oct 2021).

A person who sings, especially professionally is called a singer.

Similarly,

A person who makes and repairs wooden objects or furniture is a carpenter.

‘Furniture’ relates to the third term in the same way that the second term relates to the first term.

Hence, “furniture” is the correct answer.

• During the period 1869 to 1872 A.D, the Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev developed the periodic table of elements.
• The vertical columns in the Mendeleev’s periodic table are called groups while the horizontal rows are called periods.
• Mendeleev considered the fundamental property of elements, namely, the atomic mass, as standard and arranged 63 elements known at that time in increasing order of their atomic masses.
• Mendeleev’s periodic table is the most important step in the classification of elements.

Switch, Bulb and Filament are electrical equipments.

Whereas,

Rope is not an electrical equipment.

Hence, “rope” does not belong to the group.

According to question,

A + B = 77

⇒ B = 77 - A      ----(1)

A - 7 = 2.5 (B - 7) 

A - 7 = 2.5 B - 17.5

A + 10.5 =  2.5 B

By putting the value of B from equation (1)

A + 10.5 = 2.5 (77 - A)

⇒  A + 10.5 = 192.5 - 2.5 A

⇒ 3.5 A =182

⇒  A = 52 years

Hence, option 2) is the correct answer.

• Rajeev Suri was the India-born CEO of the Nokia company in February 2018.
• Nokia is a Finnish firm widely famous for producing electronic gadgets like a cellphone and also engaged in telecommunication business.
• Headquarters of Nokia: Espoo, Finland
• Rajeev Suri has worked for the RPG Group in India. He was a production engineer at Calcom Electronics in 1989.

According to Mendeleev’s Periodic Law, the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic masses. 

According to the given information,

Lata decides to go for a walk on every alternate day.

When she starts on Friday,

In the following week she will go for a walk on Sunday, Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday are in the given options.

Hence, “Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday” is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Days = 8 : 14 ⇒ 4 : 7

Since the Total Amount remains constant, the ratio of Daily Allowance is inverse = 7 : 4

Difference in allowance units = 7 − 4 = 3 units

Given 3 units = Rs. 120 ⇒ 1 unit = Rs. 40

Initial Daily Allowance = 7 units × 40 = Rs. 280

Total Sanctioned Amount = 8 days × Rs. 280 = Rs. 2240

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 2240.

Alternate Method

Given:

Initial days = 8 days

Increased days = 6 days

Total new duration = 8 + 6 = 14 days

Reduction in daily average = Rs. 120

Let the total sanctioned amount be x.

Initial Average Daily Allowance = x / 8

New Average Daily Allowance = x / 14

⇒ (x / 8) − (x / 14) = 120

⇒ (14x − 8x) / (8 × 14) = 120

⇒ 6x / 112 = 120

⇒ x / 112 = 20

⇒ x = 20 × 112

⇒ x = 2240

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 2240.

Additional Information

Average Concept

Average = Total Sum ÷ Number of Items. If the total sum is constant, the average is inversely proportional to the number of items.

Inverse Proportion in Ratios

When product of two quantities (Days × Allowance) is constant, if days increase in ratio a:b, the allowance must decrease in ratio b:a.

Percentage Change in Average

Percentage change in average = [(Initial Average − Final Average) ÷ Initial Average] × 100.

The pattern followed is,

Logic - Last number of positional values of each letter.

F = 06 = 6

O = 15 = 4

U = 21 = 1

R = 18 = 8

So,

FOUR is written as ‘6518’

Similarly,

For WIND,

W = 23 = 3

I = 09 = 9

N = 14 = 4

D = 04 = 4

Hence, “3944” is the correct answer.

CONCEPT:

• Power: The rate of work done by an electric current is called power. It is denoted by P. The SI unit of power is the watt (W).

Power dissipation is given by:

Power (P) = V I = V2/R = I2 R

Where V is the potential difference across resistance, I is current flowing and R is resistance.

According to Ohm’s law:

V = I × R.

Where V = Voltage, I = current flowing through the circuit, R = Resistance

EXPLANATION:

Power (P) = V2/R

• From the above formula, keeping the potential same the power is inversely proportional to the resistance.
• The bulb which draws maximum power will glow more as compared to other and current is inversely proportional to resistance.
• Hence, the dim bulb will have higher resistance, and one which glows brighter than the other will have less resistance. So option 4 is correct.

Shortcut Trick

Loss percentage = 26%. This means the Selling Price (SP) is (100 − 26) = 74% of the Cost Price (CP).

According to the question, 74% = Rs. 999.

Using the unitary method: 1% = 999 ÷ 74 = Rs. 13.5.

Therefore, 100% (CP) = 13.5 × 100 = Rs. 1350.

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 1350.

Alternate Method

Given: Selling Price (SP) = Rs. 999, Loss% = 26%.

Formula: CP = [SP × 100] ÷ [100 − Loss%]

⇒ CP = [999 × 100] ÷ [100 − 26]

⇒ CP = [999 × 100] ÷ 74

⇒ CP = 99900 ÷ 74

⇒ CP = Rs. 1350

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 1350.

Additional Information

Cost Price and Selling Price Relationship

When Selling Price is less than Cost Price, the transaction results in a loss. Loss = CP − SP.

Fractional Method

Loss of 26% = 26/100 = 13/50. This means if CP is 50 units, loss is 13 units, making SP = 37 units. 37 units = 999, so 1 unit = 27. CP = 50 × 27 = 1350.

• The unit of electric power 1 W is a very small unit, hence 1000 W or 1 kW is used as a unit to measure electric power, in practice.
• If 1 kW power is used for 1 hour, it will mean 1 kW × 1 hr of electrical energy is used.
• 1 kWh = 1 kilowatt hour = 1000 W × 3600 s

⇒ 3.6 × 10⁶ Ws = 3.6 × 10⁶ J

Hence, 5.6 kwh = 5.6 * 10³ * 3600

⇒  5.6 kwh = 20.16 × 106 J

Shortcut Trick

Check the divisibility of each number using prime numbers like 2, 3, 5, 7, etc.

53, 73, and 43 are not divisible by any number other than 1 and themselves.

63 is divisible by 3 (6 + 3 = 9) and 7 (7 × 9 = 63).

∴ The correct answer is 63.

Alternate Method

Given: Numbers are 53, 63, 73, and 43.

Definition: A Composite Number is a positive integer greater than 1 that has more than two factors.

⇒ Factors of 53: 1, 53 (Only 2 factors → Prime)

⇒ Factors of 63: 1, 3, 7, 9, 21, 63 (More than 2 factors → Composite)

⇒ Factors of 73: 1, 73 (Only 2 factors → Prime)

⇒ Factors of 43: 1, 43 (Only 2 factors → Prime)

⇒ 63 = 3 × 3 × 7

∴ The correct answer is 63.

Additional Information

Prime Numbers

Numbers having exactly two factors (1 and the number itself). Examples: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, etc.

Composite Numbers

Numbers having more than two factors. All even numbers except 2 are composite.

Unique Number 1

The number 1 is neither prime nor composite.

Smallest Composite Number

The smallest composite number is 4.

• One reason for the formation of a strong bond by carbon is its small size.
• Generally, the melting and boiling points of carbon compounds are found to be lower than 300⁰C. From this, we understood that the intermolecular attractive forces are weak in carbon compounds.
• The molecular masses of carbon compounds range up to 10^12. This means that carbon atoms come together in a large number to form extremely big molecules.
• Carbon has a unique ability to form strong covalent bonds with other carbon atoms; this results in the formation of big molecules. This property of carbon is called catenation power.
• Carbon has one more characteristic which is responsible for a large number of carbon compounds. It is ‘isomerism’.

The pattern followed here is,

In the first figure ‘R’ is placed first and ‘E’ is followed by ‘R’.

In the second figure ‘E’ is placed first and ‘R’ is followed by ‘E’.

Similarly,

In the third figure ‘R’ is placed first and ‘3’ is followed by ‘R’.

And,

In the fourth figure ‘3’ is placed first and ‘R’ is followed by ‘3’.

The complete pattern is,

DIAGRAM

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

$\frac{{0.9894}}{{0.97}} - \frac{1}{{50}}$

⇒ $\frac{{51}}{{50}} - \frac{1}{{50}}$

⇒ 50/50

⇒ 1

The pattern followed here is,

Hence, “6N” is the correct answer.

According to the given information,

She starts walking in the opposite direction of the sun from home, walks for 500 m and then takes a right turn and walks for 200 m. Then again, she takes a left and walks towards her office.

Her office is to the northwest of her home.

Hence, “north-west” is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is,

J + 2 = L;

L + 2 = N;

N + 2 = P;

P + 2 = R;

R + 2 = T

Hence, “R” is the correct answer.

• Nanda Devi National Park is situated in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand.
• Nanda Devi Biosphere is spread over a 2,236.74 km² area. It is part of Chamoli, Pithoragarh and Almora districts.

Additional details about Nationals Park and Wildlife Sanctuaries in other states:

Bowl, Basket and Pail are all containers.

Whereas,

Knife is as sharp object, which is not a container.

Hence, “knife” does not belong to the group.

• An online electronic institutional mechanism for facilitating the financing of trade receivables of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) through multiple financiers is TReDS.
• Trade Receivables Electronic Discounting System is abbreviated as TReDS.
• State Bank of India, Union Bank, IDBI, Dena Bank and Oriental Bank of Commerce are some of the leading participating public sector banks.
• Public Sector Undertakings (PSU) which are part of this initiative as are Shipping Corporation of India, Kudermukh Iron and BEL.

• Most reptiles have three-chambered heart.
• According to the course of animal evolution, reptiles are first truly terrestrial animals ith creeping movement.
• These are cold-blooded (poikilotherms) animals.
• They creep on the land as their body cannot be lifted up.
• Their skin is dry and scaly. The neck is present between head & trunk. The external ear is absent.
• Digits are provided with claws.
• Examples: Tortoise, Lizard, Snake, etc

CONCEPT:

• Force: The interaction which after applying on a body changes or try to changes the state of rest or state of motion is called force.
• It is denoted by F. The SI unit of force is Newton (N).

Force (F) = Mass (m) × acceleration (a)

• If more than one forces are acting on a body, then the effect on the body is due to the net force.
• A stationary object on which no force is acting remains stationary. An object in motion continues to move with the same speed and direction when no force is acting on the object. This is Newton’s first law of motion.

​CALCULATION:

Given that:

Mass (m) = 2 kg

Acceleration (a) = 4 m/s²

So force (F) = m a = 2 × 4 = 8 N.

Hence option 3 is correct.

• Anukreethy Vas was crowned Femina Miss India 2018.
• She represented India at the Miss World 2018 held in China.
• Anukreethy Vas is from Tamil Nadu.

Additional details about other models:

• West Bengal was the first state to opt-out of the Center’s National Health Protection Scheme (NHPS).
• National Health Protection Scheme (NHPS) popularly known as Ayushman Bharat Scheme is the health insurance scheme.
• Current centrally sponsored schemes - Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana and the Senior Citizen Health Insurance Scheme are subsumed in Ayushman Bharat Scheme.
• NHPS covers over 10 crores poor and vulnerable, families. It is one of the largest health insurance schemes of the world covering approximately 50 crore beneficiaries.

$\frac{4}{5} + \frac{5}{{12}}$

Make denominator same of each fraction,

⇒ $\frac{{48; + ;25}}{{60}}$

⇒ $\frac{{73}}{{60}}$

⇒ $1\frac{{13}}{{60}}$

The correct answer is Option 2, i.e Aluminium.

• Aluminium is the most abundantly found metal on the earth.
• Aluminium being reactive metal does not occur in nature in a free state.
• Aluminium is the third highly abundant element in the earth crust after oxygen and silicon.
• Aluminium is extracted from its ore bauxite (Al₂O_3.nH₂O). Bauxite contains 30% to 70% of Al₂O₃ and the remaining part is gangue. It is made up of sand, silica, iron oxide etc.

The Major Elements of the Earth’s Crust

CONCEPT:

• A compressed or extended spring possesses potential energy.

​

The potential energy (PE) of spring is given by:

PE = 1/2 k x²

Where k is spring constant and x is extension or compression in the spring.

EXPLANATION:

• A compressed spring possesses potential energy. So option 3 is correct.

Lets assume after X years Sourish's age will be 2.5 times that of his cousin.

According to question,

25 + X = 2.5 ( 7 + X)

25 + X = 17.5 + 2.5 X

1.5 X = 7.5

X = 5 years

So after 5 years Sourish's age will be 2.5 times that of his cousin.

Hence, option 2) is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Convert decimal hours to fractions: A = 33/5, B = 33/2, C = 33/10.

Let Total Capacity = LCM(33, 33, 33) = 33 units.

Efficiencies: A = +5, B = +2, C = −10. Combined efficiency = 5 + 2 − 10 = −3 units/hr (Note: This indicates the tank will empty if full. Re-check logic.)

Wait, combined filling efficiency: A(5) + B(2) − C(3.33)? Let's use LCM of 6.6, 16.5, 9.9 = 99.

Efficiencies: A = 15, B = 6, C = −10. Net = 15 + 6 − 10 = 11. Remaining to fill = 2/5 × 99 = 39.6. Time = 39.6 ÷ 11 = 3.6 hours.

∴ The correct answer is 3.6 hours.

Alternate Method

Given: Cistern is 3/5 full. Capacity to be filled = 1 − 3/5 = 2/5 of total.

⇒ Total Capacity = 99 units (LCM of 6.6, 16.5, 9.9).

⇒ Volume to be filled = 99 × (2/5) = 39.6 units.

⇒ Net efficiency of (A + B + C) = 15 + 6 − 10 = 11 units/hr.

⇒ Time required = Volume ÷ Net efficiency = 39.6 ÷ 11.

⇒ Time = 3.6 hours.

∴ The correct answer is 3.6 hours.

Additional Information

Inlet and Outlet Pipes

An inlet pipe fills a tank (positive efficiency), while an outlet pipe empties it (negative efficiency).

Net Efficiency Formula

If Pipe A fills in x hours and Pipe B empties in y hours, net work in 1 hour = (1/x) − (1/y).

LCM Method for Decimals

To find LCM of decimals, convert them to integers by multiplying by a power of 10, find LCM, then divide back, or use fractional forms.

The figure which is having three sides is surrounded by a figure having four sides and there is a diagram on one of the sides of the figure which is having three sides.

Similarly,

Figure B resembles the pattern in the given image.

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

• Sodium sulphate is not an example of sublimate substance.
• Sublimation is the process in which there is a change of state directly from solid to gas without changing into a liquid state.
• Examples of sublimate substance: Ammonium chloride, Camphor, Naphthalene
• Condensation is the process of transformation of water vapour into water.
• Condensation is induced by the loss of heat.

The pattern followed here is,

Hence, “16M” is the correct answer.

Concept used:

Follow BODMAS rule to solve this question, as per the order given below

Calculations:

111 ÷ [-(5²) + (-4) of {33 ÷ (- 22 ÷ - 2)}]

⇒ 111 ÷ [-25 + (-4) of {33 ÷ 11}]

⇒ 111 ÷ [-25 + (-4) of 3]

⇒ 111 ÷ [-25 – 12]

⇒ 111 ÷ (-37)

⇒ (-3)

∴ The correct answer is -3

• The Government of India announced demonetisation on 8th November 2016.
• All ₹500 and ₹1,000 banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi Series were declared as illegal tender by government of India.
• The primary aim of this step was to curb black money and use of counterfeit in terrorist activity.
• The government of India also issued new notes of Rs. 500 and Rs. 2000.
• According to RBI reports, most of the demonetised money i.e. 99.3% was deposited in the banking system.