MP Forest Guard/Jail Prahari: (08 June 2026, All Shift) Memory-Based Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Melamine.

Concept:

Plastic is also a polymer like synthetic fibre.

There are two types of plastics: thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics.

• Thermoplastics
• Some plastic gets deformed easily on heating and can be bent easily are known as thermoplastics.
• Polythene and PVC are some examples of thermoplastics.
• Thermoplastics are used in the manufacturing of combs, toys, and various containers.
• Thermosetting plastics
• Some plastics, on the other hand,  which when moulded once, can not be softened by heating are known as thermosetting plastics.
• Bakelite and melamine are two examples of thermosetting plastics.

Explanation:

Melamine

• Melamine is a thermosetting plastic.
• Melamine resists fire and can tolerate heat better than other plastics.
• Melamine is a poor conductor of heat and is fire resistant.
• The majority of synthetic fibers are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
• Melamine, on the other hand, is used as a flame-resistant coating on firefighter uniforms.
• The uniforms of firemen have a coating of melamine plastic to make them flame resistant.
• Melamine is also used for making floor tiles, kitchenware, and fabrics which resist fire.
• It is also used to prevent the spread of fire in airplanes, buses, and other vehicles.

Additional InformationBakelite

• Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic.
• Bakelite on heating becomes malleable and liquefiable.
• However, as it cools, it becomes permanently rigid and hard, as it is a thermosetting plastic.
• It is used for making electrical switches, handles of various utensils, etc.

PVC

• PVC is a thermoplastic
• PVC stands for Poly Vinyl Chloride.
• PVC has two basic forms: rigid and flexible.
• It is used in the manufacturing of rain (PVC) coats, handbags, vinyl flooring, and water pipes.

Polythene

• Polythene is a thermoplastic.
• Polyethylene is a compound made from the polymerization of ethylene.
• Polyethylene is a lightweight, versatile synthetic plastic.
• It is the most commonly used plastic in the world, with applications ranging from shopping bags and clear food wrap to automobile fuel tanks and detergent bottles.

सही उत्तर है - "अनाड़ी" l

Key Points

• अनार्य शब्द को तद्भव रूप है अनाड़ी l
• अनाड़ी का अर्थ है -
• अकुशल, नासमझ।
• तत् का अर्थ है –उसके, तथा सम् का अर्थ है – समान। अत: कहा जा सकता है कि संस्कृत भाषा के वे शब्द जो हिंदी भाषा में ज्यों के त्यों ले लिए गए है, तत्सम शब्द कहलाते हैl
• तत्सम शब्द प्राचीन शब्द है l

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:-

• इन शब्दों के तत्सम तद्भव रूप है -
• आर्य का तद्भव रूप है - "आरज" l
• अगाड़ी का तत्सम शब्द "अग्रणी या अग्रवर्ती" होता है l
• अनार का पुराना संस्कृत नाम "दाडिमम्"

​ Additional Information

1. तद्भव (शाब्दिक अर्थ : 'उससे उत्पन्न') एक संस्कृत शब्द है जो मध्यकालीन भारत-आर्य भाषाओं के सन्दर्भ में उन शब्दों को कहते हैं जो संस्कृत के मूल शब्द नहीं हैं बल्कि संस्कृत के किसी मूल शब्द से व्युत्पन्न (निकले हुए) हैं।

• तद्भव शब्द तत्सम शब्दों का नवीन रूप है l
• कुछ तत्सम शब्द और उनके तद्भव रूप :-

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e**. 'Specific'.**

Key Points

• The word "Explicit" means stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt.
• It refers to something that is clearly expressed or demonstrated.
• The word that has a similar meaning to "Explicit" is 'Specific'.
• "Specific" - means clearly defined or identified, which is similar to the meaning of explicit.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Specific'.

Additional Information

• Explanation of the other options:
• "Perfect" in English means being completely without fault or defect.(सम्पूर्ण)
• "Nebulous" in English means hazy, vague, indistinct, or confused.(अस्पष्ट)
• "Vogue" in English refers to the prevailing fashion or style at a particular time.(फैशन)

Given:

Parts of water in the liquid = 3

Parts of medicine in the liquid = 7

Formula used:

Remaining value = Initial value ( 1 - fraction removed)

Calculation:

Initial value of medicine = 7/10

Remaining value of medicine = 1/2 (as water : medicine = 1 : 1)

So.

Remaining value = Initial value ( 1 - fraction removed)

⇒ 1/2 = 7/10 (1 - fraction removed) 

⇒ 5/7 = (1 - fraction removed)

⇒ fraction removed = 1 - 5/7 = (7 - 5)/7 = 2/7

∴ The correct answer is option (1).

Concept:

Insecticide:

• Insecticides are chemical substances used to kill insects.
• The uses chemicals like ovicides and larvicides against insect eggs and larvae.
• Insecticides are mostly used in agriculture, medicine industries etc.

Hydrocarbon:

• Hydrocarbon is an organic compound containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon in it.
• They form a covalent bond between them.
• Hydrocarbons are colourless and hydrophobic.

Chlorinated Hydrocarbon:

• Chlorinated hydrocarbons are compounds that contain chlorine, carbon and hydrogen.
• They are mostly used to make organochlorine pesticides like DDT.
• They are neurotoxic to humans.

Properties and uses of Toxaphene:

• Toxaphene is a commonly used insecticide in the agricultural sector.
• It is a non-synthetic pesticide as well.
• Toxaphene contains 67- 69 per cent chlorine in it.
• Under the influence of light or heat, it loses its toxicity toward insects.

Additional InformationOxamyl:

• It is a chemical used as a pesticide.
• It has two different forms - granulated form and liquid form.
• Its chemical formula is C7H13N3O3S.

Fenthion:

• It is an organothiophosphate insecticide.
• It is also used as avicide and acaricide.
• Its chemical formula is C10H15O3PS2.

Allethrin:

• It is a synthetic chemical compound used as an insecticide.
• It is classified under pyrethroids.
• Its chemical formula is C19H26O3.

The correct answer is 12.

• Mp has highest number of national parks in India.
• Kuno-Palpur in Sheopur has been identified for relocation of Asiatic Lions from Gir National Park in Gujarat.

Key Points

• The total number of national parks in Madhya Pradesh is 12.
• The total number of wildlife sanctuaries in Madhya Pradesh is 29.
• After a notification dated 14th December 2018 in the Madhya Pradesh Gazette, the number of national parks was increased to 12.
• As per the notification, Kuno-Palpur in Sheopur district was upgraded to national park status from the wildlife sanctuary.
• The Notification also denotified Karera in Shivpuri as a wildlife sanctuary, Hence the total number of sanctuaries was reduced to 29.

Additional Information

• List of 12 national parks in Madhya Pradesh -

• As per the 4th Tiger census of 2018, MP has highest number of Tigers in India at 526.

सही उत्तर 'बच्चे खेल खेलेंगे' है।

Key Points

• 'बच्चों ने खेल खेला' भूतकाल का वाक्य है,
• इस वाक्य का भविष्यकालिक रूप होगा - 'बच्चे खेल खेलेंगे'।

अन्य विकल्प - 

Additional Information

The correct answer is: Graceful.

Key Points

• The word "Elegant" means pleasingly graceful and stylish in appearance or manner. (शानदार)
• Example: She looked elegant in her evening gown at the gala.
• "Graceful" refers to having or showing grace or elegance. (सजीला)
• Example: The dancer moved in a graceful manner, captivating the audience.
• Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'Elegant' is 'Graceful'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 2.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Mighty (शक्तिशाली): Possessing great and impressive power or strength.
• Example: The mighty warrior fought bravely in the battle.
• Ugly (कुरूप): Unpleasant or repulsive in appearance.
• Example: The old house looked ugly and abandoned.
• Tall (लंबा): Of great or more than average height.
• Example: The tall building could be seen from miles away.

Given:

35 persons → 6 days

Formula used:

Persons × Days = Constant (MDH concept)

Calculation:

⇒ 35 × 6 = 210

⇒ For 15 persons: 15 × Days = 210

⇒ Days = 210 ÷ 15 = 14

∴ Required days = 14

The correct answer is Beriberi.

Beriberi:

• It is a disorder that can occur when a person lacks thiamine or vitamin B-1.
• The deficiency in this nutrient can lead to lasting damage to the nervous system and heart.

The correct answer is 21 July 2017**.**

Key Points

• Section 16 of the National Food Preservation Security Act 2013 provides for the State Food Preservation Commission.
• The Madhya Pradesh government has constituted the Madhya Pradesh Food Preservation Commission on 21 July 2017.
• Objectives
• ​Preventing scams in the distribution of food in Madhya Pradesh.
• Improvement in the food distribution system.
• Protection of all types of beneficiaries.
• Advising the State Government.
• Monitoring and reviewing the implementation of this Act.

Additional Information

• Composition: Chairman+5 members+Secretary
• It is necessary to have at least 2 women and one member of Scheduled Caste and one member of Scheduled Tribe in the Commission whether it is the Chairman, Member, or Member Secretary.
• Tenure: 5 years or 65 years of age, whichever is earlier.
• Removal and Resignation: State Government.
• Salary and allowances: Decided by State Government
• Powers: The powers of the Civil Court will be given under the Code of Civil Procedure 1908.

Important Points

• Madhya Pradesh Food Preservation Commission is situated in Bhopal.
• Chairman - Rajkishore Swain
• Members - Durga Dawar and Kishore Khandelwal
• Secretary - Rajeev Chandra Dubey.

वाक्य अशुद्ध है- उसके विरूद्ध मुकदमा चलाया गया।

शुद्ध वाक्य है-

• उस पर मुकदमा चलाया गया।

Key Pointsवाक्य अशुद्धि शोधन-

• ‘वाक्य’ भाषा की महत्त्वपूर्ण इकाई है, अत: वाक्य को बोलते व लिखते समय उसकी शुद्धता, स्पष्टता और सार्थकता क��� ध्यान रखना आवश्यक है।
• यदि वाक्य में किसी तरह की अशुद्धि होती है तो आपके बोले गए वाक्य अर्थ भी बदल सकता है।
• सामने वाले व्यक्ति को आसानी से और सही-सही समझ आ सके उसके लिए आवश्यक है कि व्याकरण के नियमों की दृष्टि से ‘वाक्य’ को शुद्ध हो।
• अत: वाक्य को व्याकरण के नियमों के अनुसार शुद्ध करना ही ‘वाक्य अशुद्धि शोधन’ कहलाता है।

वाक्यों में अनेक प्रकार की अशुद्धियाँ होती हैं जिनमें से कुछ इस प्रकार हैं-

• शब्द-अर्थ प्रयोग की अशुद्धि
• कभी-कभी वाक्यों में सही शब्दों की जगह उनके ही सादृश लगने वाले शब्दों का प्रयोग अर्थ में परिवर्तन का कारण बन जाता है, जिसके कारण वाक्य का सही अर्थ ही बदल जाता है और यह वाक्य में शब्द-अर्थ प्रयोग की अशुद्धि कहलाती है।
• उदाहरण -
• अशुद्ध रूप - मैं उपेक्षा करता हूँ कि तुम यह काम कर लोगे।
• शुद्ध रूप - मैं अपेक्षा करता हूँ कि तुम यह काम कर लोगे।
• अशुद्ध रूप - तुम हमेशा बेफ़िजूल की बातें करते हो।
• शुद्ध रूप - तुम हमेशा फ़िजूल की बातें करते हो।

The correct answer is Agitated.

Key Points

• Serene- is an adjective that describes a state of calmness, tranquility, and peace (शांतिपूर्ण)
• E.g.- Walking through the tranquil garden, I felt a sense of serenity wash over me, leaving behind all my worries.
• The most appropriate ANTONYM of the given word is Agitated.
• Agitated means **feeling or appearing troubled or nervous. (**परेशान या घबराया हुआ )
• For Example - There's no point getting agitated.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 4.​

Additional Information

• Unperturbed means not perturbed or concerned. (बाहरी कारकों या घटनाओं से अप्रभावित, शांत और अप्रभावित होने की अवस्था)
• Pleased means feeling or showing pleasure and satisfaction, especially at an event or a situation. (विशेष रूप से किसी घटना या स्थिति में खुशी और संतुष्टि महसूस करना या दिखाना।)
• Composed means having one's feelings and expression under control. (किसी की भावनाओं और अभिव्यक्ति को नियंत्रण में रखना)

Shortcut Trick

Net Interest Rate for 4 years = 12% × 4 = 48%

Total Amount (%) = 100% (Principal) + 48% (Interest) = 148%

Required Amount = 148% of ₹50,000

Amount = 1.48 × 50,000 = ₹74,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹74,000.

Alternate Method

Given:

Principal (P) = ₹50,000

Rate (R) = 12% per annum

Time (T) = 4 years

Formula Used:

Simple Interest (SI) = (P × R × T) ÷ 100

Total Amount (A) = Principal (P) + Simple Interest (SI)

Calculations:

⇒ Simple Interest = (50,000 × 12 × 4) ÷ 100

⇒ Simple Interest = 500 × 48

⇒ Simple Interest = ₹24,000

⇒ Total Amount = 50,000 + 24,000

⇒ Total Amount = ₹74,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹74,000.

Additional Information

Compound Interest Formula

When interest is compounded annually, the amount is A = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ, where n is the number of years.

SI vs CI for 1st Year

For the first year (if compounded annually), the Simple Interest and Compound Interest are always equal on the same principal and rate.

Difference between CI and SI

The difference for 2 years is given by D = P(R/100)².

The correct answer is Mushroom.

Key Points

• Mushroom
• Mushroom is a Heterotrophic Plant.
• Heterotrophic means which depends on others for food. Hence, Option 2 is correct.
• They cannot make their food themselves as Autotrophs.
• Also, they are a non-green plant that doesn't part in photosynthesis.
• While others are Autotrophs; they can make their food themselves.
• Also, they can take part in photosynthesis as they are green plants
• Mushroom is a Fungi.
• Scientific Name: "Agaricus bisporus" (Edible Mushroom).
• Any of various fungi having a stalk topped by a fleshy, often umbrella-shaped cap.
• Ecology of Mushrooms:
• Sporophores: The spore-producing organ of a fungus or slime mold.
• Two types of Sporophores are: The term Mushroom is used to identify the edible sporophores,
• The term Toadstool is often reserved for inedible or poisonous sporophores.
• Mushrooms contain no chlorophyll which means they can not photosynthesize.
• Mushrooms are a low-calorie source of fibre, protein, and antioxidants.
• Mushrooms are a good source of B vitamins.

• The much-awaited day, Nuakahi, for the people of western Odisha districts came on 3 September 2019 with much pomp and gaiety.
• People offer the newly harvested crop called Nabanha to their respective presiding deities at a stipulated moment this morning.
• The Nuakhai Juhar is a major ritual of the festival. It is an exchange of greetings with friend relative and well-wishers.
• Nuakhai is observed to welcome the new rice of the season.

'राजपुत्र' में समास है - 'तत्पुरुष'

• राजपुत्र का समास-विग्रह - राजा का पुत्र
• राजपुत्र में समास का उपभेद षष्ठी तत्पुरूष ( सम्बंध तत्पुरुष ) समास है।
• वह समास जिसका उत्तरपद प्रधान होता है, अर्थात प्रथम पद गौण होता है एवं उत्तर पद की प्रधानता होती है
• व समास करते वक़्त बीच की विभक्ति का लोप हो जाता है। उसे तत्पुरुष समास कहते हैं।
• इस समास में आने वाले कारक चिन्हों को, से, के लिए, से, का/के/की, में, पर आदि का लोप होता है।
• उदाहरण -  ​
• भारतरत्न = भारत का रत्न

Key Pointsतत्पुरुष समास के अन्य उदाहरण:-

• भुखमरा = भूख से मरा
• सूररचित = सूर द्वारा रचित
• देशभक्ति = देश के लिए भक्ति
• जन्मांध = जन्म से अँधा
• पराधीन = दूसरों के आधीन
• गृहप्रवेश = गृह में प्रवेश
• आपबीती = आप पर बीती

Additional Information 

Correct option 3) The error lies in part C.

Explanation:

• Here, it should be ‘bring her around' instead of 'bring her down' in the third part.
• ‘Bring around’ is a phrasal verb which means to persuade or convince someone.
• ​It also means to restore to consciousness, to get someone talking about something.

Additional Information

• Phrasal verbs: a verb that is made up of the Main Verb together with an adverb or a preposition, or both.
• Some other phrasal verbs of 'bring' are: 
• Bring along: to bring someone or something to a certain place.
• Bring about: to cause to take place, to accomplish.
• Bring down:  to cause to fall as if by shooting, to make someone feel bad, to reduce, to make a ruler lose his/her position.
• Bring forward: to make something happen earlier than originally planned.
• Bring up: to mention, to raise, to uncover, to cause to stop suddenly, to vomit.
• make up: to form by fitting together or assembling, to arrange typeset matter for printing, to combine to produce (to constitute, compose), to compensate for (something, such as a deficiency or omission), to settle, decide (as used in the given sentence), to wrap or fasten up, to prepare in a physical for a role (to apply cosmetics), to invent, improvise, to reconcile (after a quarrel).

Hence, the correct sentence will be - She has already made up her mind to leave for Mumbai tomorrow, and there is nothing you can do to bring her around to your point of view that she should not go there.

Given:

The weights of the family members are 40 kg, 49 kg, 56 kg, 66 kg, and 37 kg.

Formula used:

Average weight = (Sum of weights) / (Number of members)

Calculation:

Sum of weights = 40 + 49 + 56 + 66 + 37

⇒ Sum of weights = 248

Number of members = 5

Average weight = 248 / 5

⇒ Average weight = 49.6 kg

∴ The correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is Epilepsy.

Key Points

• Epilepsy is a disorder resulting in abnormal electrical discharges from the brain cells causing seizures.
• Epilepsy is a medical condition of the brain, which results in untimely seizures or fits.
• India observes National Epilepsy Day on November 17 to create awareness about the disease.
• The World Health Organisation has described it as a "chronic non-communicable disease of the brain which is characterized by recurrent seizures".
• Symptoms include loss of consciousness, sudden twitching, etc.
• WHO has also reported that close to 50 million people in the world suffer from epilepsy.
• It is considered one of the most common neurological diseases globally.
• Nearly 80% of people with epilepsy live in low- and middle-income countries.

Additional Information

• Prostatitis:
• ​The inflammation of the prostate gland is called prostatitis. It can be a result of a bacterial infection or nerve damage.
• The prostate is a small, walnut-shaped gland that is located below the urinary bladder in all men and it is responsible for producing semen.
• Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA):
• It is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting connective tissue and the synovial membrane of joints.
• Hypoglycemia:
• It is a condition when the sugar level is very low.

The correct answer is 7.

Key Points

• Kaushal Satrang Yojana
• 7 schemes have been started under Kaushal Satrang Yojana.
• These 7 schemes are:
• CM Yuva Hub Scheme
• Chief Minister Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme
• District Skill Development Scheme
• Kaushal Pakhwada Scheme at Tehsil Level
• Providing employment through training
• Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
• AMOU has been done with three placement agency

Important Points

• Benefit of UP Kaushal Satrang Yojana 2022
• Under this scheme, all the unemployed youth of the state will be covered.
• Skill training and employment opportunities will be provided to the youth of UP.
• Beneficiaries will be linked to this scheme by organizing employment fairs in the state.
• Employment will be provided by the state government by training the youth.
• 7 new schemes have also been formed for the UP Kaushal Satrang Yojana 2022.
• People from all sections of the state will take advantage of this scheme.
• The salary received by the beneficiaries will be transferred to their bank account.
• Under the skill development scheme, youth passing through unemployment will get relief and there will be no need to wander for jobs.

शब्द में वर्तनी की अशुद्धि है - सोडषी अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत है। 

Key Points

• 'सोडषी' शब्द का शुद्ध रूप है - 'षोडशी' ('ष' व 'श' वर्ण प्रयोग की त्रुटि है।)
• 'षोडशी' का अर्थ : सोलह वर्ष की स्त्री, तरुणी।
• अन्य सभी विकल्प वर्तनी की दृष्टि शुद्ध है।

अन्य विकल्प- 

Additional Information कुछ अशुद्ध से शुद्ध शब्द:-

The correct answer is '(A)​.'

Key Points 

• The error lies in part (A) of the sentence.
• The meaning of the phrasal verb 'break up' is to end or finish.
• Example: The meeting broke up just before lunch.
• The meaning of the phrasal verb 'break down' is to stop working.
• Example: Akram’s car broke down on the way to work this morning.
• Therefore, the use of 'up' in part '(A)​​' part of the sentence should be replaced by 'down' to make it grammatically correct.
• Hence, the correct answer is '(A)​.'
• Correct sentence: The woman broke down when the police told her that her son had died.

Additional Information 

• Let us discuss the meaning of some other phrasal verbs:

Hinglish

• त्रुटि भाग part (A) मे निहित है।​
• Phrasal verb 'break up' का अर्थ समाप्त करना है।
• Example: The meeting broke up just before lunch.
• Phrasal verb 'break down' का अर्थ काम करना बंद करना है।
• Example: Akram’s car broke down on the way to work this morning.

Given:

Pipe A fills in 20 hours

Pipe B fills in 90 hours

Calculation:

Assume total work = LCM of 20 and 90 = 180 units

Work per hour by A = 180 / 20 = 9 units

Work per hour by B = 180 / 90 = 2 units

Combined work per hour = 9 + 2 = 11 units

⇒ Time = 180 / 11 hours 

∴ Required time = 180 / 11 hours

The correct answer is Transition elements.

Key PointsSuperconductors:

• Superconductivity is a set of physical properties:
• electrical resistance vanishes
• magnetic flux fields are expelled from the material.
• Unlike an ordinary metallic conductor, whose resistance decreases gradually as its temperature is lowered even down to near absolute zero
• A superconductor has a characteristic critical temperature below which the resistance drops abruptly to zero.
• An electric current through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.
• Superconductor material classes include chemical elements (e.g. mercury or lead), alloys (such as niobium-titanium, germanium–niobium, and niobium nitride), ceramics (YBCO and magnesium diboride), etc.
• Superconductors are mostly compounds of transition metal. Hence option 4 is correct.

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

• Total Geographical Area:
• Madhya Pradesh covers an area of 3,08,252 square kilometers. Hence, option 2 is correct.
• Rank in India:
• It is the second-largest state in India by area, after Rajasthan.
• Percentage of India's Area:
• The state constitutes 9.38% of India’s total geographical area.
• Significance:
• The vast area contributes to Madhya Pradesh's diverse geography, including plateaus, forests, and river basins.

वर्तनी की दृष्टि से दिए गए वाक्य का शब्द अशुद्ध है- अतिथी।

Key Points

• अतिथि शुद्ध वर्तनी है।
• शुद्ध वाक्य होगा- विश्वविद्यालय के कुलपति कार्यक्रम के मुख्य अतिथि थे।
• अतिथि का अर्थ- मेहमान।
• वर्तनी- लिखने की रीति को वर्तनी कहते हैं,
• अर्थात उच्चारित होने वाले शब्द के लेखन में प्रयोग होने वाले लिपि चिह्नों के व्यवस्थित रूप को वर्तनी कहा जाता है।

Additional Informationअशुद्ध- शुद्ध वर्तनी के कुछ उदाहरण-

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. (a).

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the subject 'police' is a collective noun.
• The verb 'has' is following the noun 'police'.
• Police is a noun that describes a collection of police officers.
• This means it has no singular form and always uses a plural verb.
• Thus the verb should be in plural form.
• Hence, the plural form of the verb 'has' i.e. 'have' should be used.
• The correct sentence: "The police have arrested the thief who broke into my house last night."

Additional Information 

• A collective noun is a collection of things taken as a whole.
• Most collective nouns in everyday speech are not specific to one kind of thing, such as the word "group", which can be applied to people ("a group of people") or dogs ("a group of dogs") or other things.
• If the collective noun refers to the group as a unit, then it takes a singular verb.
• For example, "Our family enjoys the get-together."
• If the collective noun refers to the individuals in the group or the parts that make up the group, then the verb should be plural.
• For example, "Families enjoy the get-together."

Given:

Simple Interest (SI) = ₹60

Compound Interest (CI) = ₹66

Time (T) = 2 years

Rate of Interest (R) = Same for both SI and CI

Formula used:

Simple Interest (SI) = (P × R × T) ÷ 100

Compound Interest (CI) for 2 years = P × [(1 + R ÷ 100)² - 1]

Calculation:

From SI formula:

60 = (P × R × 2) ÷ 100

⇒ P × R = 3000

From CI formula:

66 = P × [(1 + R ÷ 100)² - 1]

Substitute R = 3000 ÷ P from the first equation:

66 = P × [(1 + (3000 ÷ P ÷ 100))² - 1]

⇒ 66 = P × [(1 + (30 ÷ P))² - 1]

Expanding the equation:

⇒ 66 = P × [(1 + 60 ÷ P + 900 ÷ P²) - 1]

⇒ 66 = P × [(60 ÷ P + 900 ÷ P²)]

⇒ 66 = 60 + (900 ÷ P)

⇒ 900 ÷ P = 66 - 60

⇒ 900 ÷ P = 6

⇒ P = 900 ÷ 6

⇒ P = ₹150

∴ The principal is ₹150.

The correct answer is Can see but not very clearly.

• Translucent objects are the objects through which we can see but not very clearly.
• Translucent objects allow a part of incident light to pass through it.
• Examples for translucent objects are: Oil paper, Butter paper, wax paper, ground glass, thin sheets of plastic.
• Transparent objects are the objects through which we can see clearly.
• Transparent objects allow the incident light to pass through it.
• Examples for transparent objects are: glass, air, and water.
• Opaque objects are the objects through which we cannot see at all.
• Opaque objects do not allow the incident light to pass through it.
• Examples for opaque objects are: Cardboard, stone.

The correct answer is Vishu.

Key Points

• Vishu:-
• It is celebrated as the New Year of Kerala.
• Vishu is a Hindu festival celebrated in the Indian state of Kerala and marks the beginning of the Malayalam calendar year.
• The festival falls in the month of Medam (April-May) and is celebrated with great enthusiasm and fervor.
• Vishu is celebrated by lighting lamps, bursting firecrackers, and preparing a special feast called Sadya.

Additional Information

• Onam:-
• It is another important festival celebrated in Kerala, which marks the homecoming of King Mahabali.
• Pongal:-
• It is a harvest festival celebrated in Tamil Nadu.
• Bonalu:-
• It is a festival celebrated in Telangana to worship Goddess Mahakali.

दिए गए सभी विकल्पों में सही उत्तर 'कपूत ' है।

Key Points

• कपूत शब्द एक तत्सम शब्द नहीं हैं। कपूत एक तद्भव शब्द है, जिसका तत्सम शब्द कुपुत्र होता हैं।

​अन्य विकल्प:- 

• अक्षि, अग्नि, अमूल्य शब्द तत्सम शब्द हैं।
• अक्षि का तद्भव - आँख
• अग्नि का तद्भव - आग
• अमूल्य का तद्भव - अमोल

Additional Information

The correct answer is 'SPQR'.

Key Points

• Sentence S is the subject of the passage, thus it must be the first sentence.
• Sentence P, stating that a page can have multiple lines, builds on the concept introduced by S and hence should come second.
• Sentence Q follows suit, logically expanding the topic towards a page being a better measure of length of a book.
• Sentence R, which says "This is with respect to a line.", serves as a fitting conclusion, bringing the focus back to 'lines' from the discussion of 'pages'
• In this sequence, S introduces the concept of differentiating between a line and a page. P then dwells into the composition of how a page can have multiple lines. Q expands on the importance of a page as a measure of length of a book. Finally, R concludes the discussion by returning to the topic of a line.
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 1 "SPQR".

Shortcut Trick

Area of square = 44 × 44

Area of rectangle = 121 × Width

Width = (44 × 44) ÷ 121

Width = (4 × 11 × 4 × 11) ÷ (11 × 11) = 4 × 4 = 16 m

∴ The correct option is D.

Alternate Method

Given:

Length of rectangle (L) = 121 m

Side of square (a) = 44 m

Formula Used:

Area of rectangle = Length × Width

Area of square = Side²

Square Side = 44 m

Rectangle Length = 121 m W Area of Rectangle = Area of Square

Calculations:

⇒ Area of square = 44 × 44 = 1936 m²

⇒ Area of rectangle = Area of square

⇒ 121 × Width = 1936

⇒ Width = 1936 ÷ 121

⇒ Width = 16 m

∴ The correct option is D.

Additional Information

Perimeter and Diagonal Formulas

Perimeter of rectangle = 2 × (Length + Width) and Diagonal = √(Length² + Width²).

Square Properties

Perimeter of square = 4 × Side and Diagonal = Side × √2.

Area Conversion

To find a missing dimension when areas are equal, equate the products and solve: L₁ × W₁ = L₂ × W₂.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e., Parallel to the principal axis.

• A ray of light appearing to meet at the principal focus of a concave lens emerge after refraction will be parallel to the principal axis.
• In the case of a convex lens, the ray passing through the principal focus after refraction becomes parallel to the principal axis.

The correct answer is 746 watts.

Key Points

• Horsepower: Horsepower is a popular imperial unit of power of an engine. It is defined as the work done by a person or machine per unit amount of time.
• The term Horsepower was invented by James Watt.
• It is a unit of power that compares the power of a machine to the muscle power of the horse.
• In earlier days it was used to measure steam engine power output compared to the power of draft horses. But later on, its usage was expanded to different types of piston engines, electric motors, turbines, and other machinery.
• One mechanical horsepower of 550 foot-pounds per second is equivalent to 745.7 watts.

⇒ 1 Hp = 550 Foot pounds per second

⇒ 1 Pound = 4044822 Newtons

⇒ 1 Foot = 0.3048 meters

⇒ 1 Hp = 550 × 4.44822 × 0.3048 meters

⇒ 1Hp = 745.69 newton meter per second = 746 watt

'घी के दिए जलाना' मुहावरे का सही अर्थ है- खुशियाँ मनाना।

Key Points

• मुहावरा - घी के दिए जलाना
• अर्थ - अप्रत्याशित लाभ पर प्रसन्न होना
• वाक्य प्रयोग - प्रदीप की नौकरी लगने के बाद प्रदीप ने अपने घर में घी के दिए जलाए।

Additional Informationमुहावरे के कुछ उदाहरण - 

• मुहावरा - दाई से पे�� छिपाना
• अर्थ - जानकार से भेद छुपाना।
• वाक्य प्रयोग - डॉक्टर से पूरी बात न बताना दाई से पेट छिपाने के समान है।
• मुहावरा - अन्त न पाना
• अर्थ - रहस्य न जान पाना
• वाक्य प्रयोग - गुरुजी ने अपने प्रवचन में ईश्वर की महिमा का गुणगान करते हुए बताया कि ईश्वर की माया का अन्त किसी ने नहीं पाया है।
• मुहावरा - तोते की तरह आँखे फेरना
• अर्थ - भुला ही देना।
• वाक्य प्रयोग - सीमा ने राज को देख कर तोते की तरह आँख फेर ली।
• मुहावरा - मुँह चाटना
• अर्थ - खुशामद करना।
• वाक्य प्रयोग - अपने भाई की नौकरी लगवाने के लिए समीर अपने उच्च अधिकारीयों के मुँह चाटता रहा है।
• मुहावरा - पत्ता काटना
• अर्थ - मामले या पद से हटा देना
• वाक्य प्रयोग - शिव ने प्रथम आने के लिए इतनी मेहनत की, कि उसने अन्य लोगों का पत्ता काट दिया।

The correct answer is (C, A, D, B).

 Key Points

• The sentence should start with the subject, which is "he" in this case.
• So, the first part is C.
• The next part should be the verb + preposition, which is "complains about all his."
• So, the next part is A.
• Then, we need to add the object, which is "about all his neighbours and the noise they make."
• So, the next pair must be DB.
• The correct answer is option 2.
  

Correct sentence: H**e constantly complains about all his neighbours and the noise they make.

Additional Information

• Option 1 (B, A, D, C) is incorrect because it starts with the object instead of the subject.
• Option 3 (B, D, A, C) is incorrect because it starts with the object and also places the subject after the object.
• Option 4 (D, B, C, A) is incorrect because it starts with the object and places the subject after the verb.

Given:

2 [(54 × 17 × 54 × 17) ÷ ((2(\sqrt{289\div 2}))^2) ]

Concept used:

Calculation:

2 [(54 × 17 × 54 × 17) ÷ ((2(\sqrt{289\div 2}))^2) ]

⇒ 2[54 × 17 × 54 × 17) ÷ ((2× \frac{17}{\sqrt2})^2) ]

⇒ 2[54 × 17 × 54 × 17) ÷ ((\sqrt2 × 17)^2) ]

⇒ 2[54 × 17 × 54 × 17) ÷ 2 × 17 × 17]

⇒ 54 × 54

⇒ 2916

∴ Option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Joule.

Key Points

• Heat
• It is a form of energy that flows from one body to another due to the difference in temperature between the bodies.
• It is simply the potential energy stored in the bonds that hold particles within the object together.
• Heat or thermal energy is the form this energy possesses when it is transferred between systems and surroundings.
• SI unit of energy is Joule (J) and from above it is clear that heat is a form of energy.
• Therefore the SI unit of heat energy is Joule (J).

Additional Information

• SI unit of other quantities is as shown below

• Sodium sulphate + Barium chloride → Barium sulphate + Sodium chloride
• It is a precipitation reaction.
• Since barium sulphate is insoluble in water, it precipitates as a solid while sodium chloride remains in the solution.
• A precipitation reaction is that which forms an insoluble salt when 2 solution having soluble salts are combined.

सही उत्तर है- हाथी बहुत मोटी है।

Key Points

• इस वाक्य में लिंग सम्बन्धी अशुद्धि है।
• शुद्ध वाक्य: हाथी बहुत मोटा है।

 Important Pointsलिंग क्या है?

• संज्ञा के जिस रूप से व्यक्ति या वस्तु के नर या मादा होने का ज्ञान होता है, उसे लिंग कहते हैं।
• हिन्दी में लिंग के दो प्रकार हैं:
• पुल्लिंग: जिन शब्दों से पुरुष जाति का बोध हो उसे पुल्लिंग कहते हैं।
• जैसे: आदमी, हाथी, घोडा, पंखा, इत्यादि।
• स्त्रीलिंग: जिन शब्दों से स्त्री जाति का बोध हो उसे स्त्रीलिंग कहते हैं।
• जैसे: औरत, धरती, नदी, हथिनी, घोड़ी, इत्यादि।

Additional Information 

The correct answer is 'DACB'.

Key Points

• The given question is an example of a Para Jumble.
• We know that the first statement of a para jumbled question is usually an independent general statement, a noun, a universal fact, etc.
• Sentence D will be the first sentence because it is an introductory sentence and independent of all the other sentences.
• Sentence A will be the next sentence because 'credited with saying' is directly connected with the first sentence.
• Sentence C will be the next sentence because it tells the 'action' connect with the previous one.
• Lastly, Sentence B will be used.

Correct Sentence: Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, former President of India is credited with saying If you want to leave your footprint on the sands of time, do not dry your feet.

Given :

A = xy3z2 and B = x3y²,

for x, y, and z to be prime numbers.

Calculation :

H.C.F. (xy³z² , x³y²) = xy²(yz² , x²)

So,

H.C.F is xy² as it is the highest common factor between the two variables

∴ The answer is xy².

The correct answer is all of the above.

Important Points

• Boiling:
• It is the rapid vaporization of a liquid.
• When raw vegetables are immersed in boiling water, vegetables start to get cooked.
• The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding atmosphere.
• Stewing: It is a cooking method. It uses small, uniform pieces of raw food immersed in a liquid and slowly simmered. It involves a very slow boiling of water.
• Simmering: It is a cooking method in which foods are cooked in hot liquids kept just below the boiling point of water.

Thus, we can say that Water is used as a medium of cooking in boiling, stewing, and simmering.

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. Son.

• The Son River or Son of central India is the largest of the Ganga's southern tributaries and it originates near Amarkantak in Madhya Pradesh.
• The Son originates just east of the headwaters of the Narmada river and flows north-northwest through Madhya Pradesh state before turning sharply eastward where it encounters the southwest-northeast-running Kaimur Range.
• The Son flows parallel to the Kaimur hills, flowing east-northeast through Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, and Bihar to join the Ganga just above Patna.
• Geologically, the lower valley of the Son is an extension of the Narmada Valley, Kaimur Range, and the Vindhyan Range.
• Dehri is a major town situated on the Son river.

दिए विकल्पों में से विकल्प 2 "जिस दफ़्तर में तुम नौकरी करते हो, वहाँ मेरा एक दोस्त मैनेजर है।" सही है। अन्य विकल्प सही नहीं है। 

Key Points

स्पष्टीकरण:- 

• विकल्प 2 में जिस दफ़्तर में तुम नौकरी करते हो और मेरा एक दोस्त मैनेजर है को जोड़ने के लिए वहाँ का प्रयोग हुआ है, अतः विकल्प 2 दिए गए वाक्य का मिश्र वाक्य है।
• ऐसे वाक्य जिनमें सरल वाक्य के साथ-साथ कोई दूसरा उपवाक्य भी हो, वे वाक्य मिश्र वाक्य कहलाते हैं।
• ‘जब’; ‘तब’; ‘जहाँ’; ‘वहाँ’; ‘जिधर’; ‘उधर’ आदि का प्रयोग करके  सरल वाक्य और आश्रित वाक्य  को जोड़ा जाता है।

Additional Information

• वाक्य:- सार्थक शब्दों का समूह
• पूर्ण रूप से अपने विचारों को व्यक्त करने वाले शब्द या पद समूह को वाक्य कहते हैं।

The correct answer is "Monarchy".

Key Points

• In the given options, "Monarchy" can be be used as a one-word substitute for the given words.
• The term 'Monarchy' refers to the system of government or rule by a king or queen. (राजा या रानी द्वारा सरकार या शासन की व्यवस्था)
• Thus, option 1) is the correct alternative.

Additional Information 

• Let us understand the meaning of other options too.
• Capitalism: an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit. (पूंजीवाद)
• Example: His main contention is that capitalism is doomed to fail.
• Plutocracy: government by the wealthy. (अमीरों की सरकार)
• Example: You might mistakenly believe that our country is a plutocracy rather than a democracy based on the way the government indulges the wealthy.
• Oligarchy: Control over a nation or organization by a small group of people. (लोगों के एक छोटे समूह द्वारा किसी राष्ट्र या संगठन पर नियंत्रण)
• Example: All major choices are made by the company's oligarchy, which consists of the president, vice president, and treasurer.

Given:

The cost of two varieties of tea is ₹300 and ₹375 respectively.

Both varieties of tea are mixed together in the ratio 3 ∶ 2

Calculation:

According to the question,

Both the varieties are mixed = 3(300) + 2(375) = 900 + 750 = ₹1650 for 5 kg

For 5 kgs the mixture is of ₹1650 then

For 1 kg = (\frac{1650}{5}) = ₹330

∴ The price of a mixed variety of tea per kg should be ₹330.

The correct answer is the valency of an element.

Key Points

• The chemical behavior of an element is determined by the valency of an element.
• The capacity of an element to combine with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules is known as valence or valency.

Additional Information

• Valence or valency can be calculated by two equivalent formulas:

1. valence = number of electrons in the valence shell of the free atom – number of nonbonding electrons on an atom in a molecule.

• The oxidation state of an atom in a molecule provides the number of valence electrons it has gained or lost.

​The correct answer is Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit.

• Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the modern mercury thermometer with a standardised scale.
• In 1654 the first sealed glass tube was developed by Ferdinand II, the Grand Duke of Tuscany. It contained alcohol and had a numerical scale, but wasn’t very accurate.
• The more modern thermometer was invented in 1709 by Daniel Fahrenheit. It was an enclosed glass tube that had a numerical scale, called the Fahrenheit scale.
• The early version of this thermometer contained alcohol and in 1714 Fahrenheit developed a mercury thermometer using the same scale. He assigned the freezing point of water at 32 degrees, the boiling point of water as 212 degrees, and the normal body temperature as 98.6 degrees.
• Later on, in that same century, the inventor Anders Celsius developed a numerical scale, called the Celsius or Centigrade scale.
• This scale was based on a scale of zero to one hundred where the freezing point of water is zero, the boiling point of water is 100 degrees and normal body temperature is 37 degrees.
• The first real medical thermometer was invented by Sir Thomas Allbut in 1867. It was six inches long and took about five minutes to take a person’s temperature

Key Points

• Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit:
• Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit FRS was a physicist, inventor, and scientific instrument, maker.
• Fahrenheit was born on 24 May 1686, Gdansk, Poland, then a predominantly German-speaking city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
• Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit received the Fellow of the Royal Society award.

Additional Information

उपर्युक्त पंक्तियों में करुण रस हैं। अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं। अतः सही विकल्प 2 ‘करुण रस​​’ है।

• करुणे, क्यों रोती है? उत्तर में और अधिक तू रोई। मेरी विभूति है जो, उसको भवभूति क्यों कहे कोई?
• इन पंक्तियों में करुण रस है, इसमे वर्णित किया गया है कि उत्तर रामचरित नाटक में करुणा अधिक रोई है। इस रोने का कारण पूछा गया तो करुणा कहती है-उस नाटक की महत्ता मेरी विभूति के कारण ही संसार में हुई, किन्तु उसे कवि भवभूति की विभूति कहते हैं। भवभूति संसार की विभूति नहीं, न शिव की विभूति है।
• किसी प्रिय व्यक्ति या वस्तु के विनाश या अनिष्ट की आशंका से जागे शोक स्थायी भाव का विभावादि से पुष्ट होने पर करूण रस परिपाक होता हैं।

अन्य विकल्प - 

Additional Information

The correct answer is Philology.

Key Points

• Philology: the branch of knowledge that deals with the structure, historical development, and relationships of a language or languages. (भाषाशास्त्र)
• Example: At the start of the novel Julia sees philology as a lifeless and uncreative pursuit.
• Thus, the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words is option 1.

Additional Information

• Anthropology: the study of human beings, especially of their origin, development, customs and beliefs. (मानव की उत्‍पत्ति, उसके विकास, प्रथाओं और विश्‍वासों का वैज्ञानिक अध्ययन; मानव-विज्ञान)
• Lexicography: the theory or practice of writing dictionaries. (शब्दकोश लेखन का सिद्धांत या पेशा)
• Philosophy: the study of ideas and beliefs about the meaning of life. (जीवन के अर्थ एवं मतों से संबंधित विचारों का अध्ययन; दर्शन-शास्‍त्र)

Given:

A group of students has an average weight of 42 kg.

One student of weight 48 kg leaves the group and another student of weight 44 kg joins the group.

The new average weight becomes 41.6 kg,

Calculation:

Let tha number of students is x

As per the question,

⇒ 42x - 41.6x = 48 - 44

⇒ 0.4x = 4

⇒ x = 10

∴ The correct option is 2

The correct answer is CHCl₃

Key Points

• CHCl₃ is the chemical formula of chloroform.
• It is a thick, colourless, sweet-smelling liquid that is produced as a precursor to PTFE on a large scale.
• When inhaled or swallowed, it is a potent anesthetic, euphoric, anxiolytic, and sedative.

Additional Information 

• CCl4 is the chemical formula of carbon tetrachloride.
• CH3OH is the chemical formula of methyl alcohol.
• C2H5OH is the chemical formula of Ethyl alcohol.

The correct answer is 60.

• The percentage of cultivable area to the total area in India is 60%.

Key Points

• Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures.
• Arable land includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organisation(FAO):
• Land under temporary crops, temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow.
• Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.
• Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber.
• This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.
• The percentage of cultivable area to the total area in India is 60.4 %.

सन्तोष महाधन हैं। वाक्‍य में रेखांकित शब्‍द का उचित विलोम 'असंतोष' है। 

Key Points

• सन्‍तोष का विलोम असंतोष है।
• सन्‍तोष का अर्थ- तृप्ति

अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प- 

Important Pointsकुछ अन्‍य व‍िलोम शब्‍द- 

Additional Information

The correct answer is "Ductile."

 Key Points

• "Ductile" means capable of being stretched or bent into different shapes without breaking. (बिना टूटे विभिन्न आकारों में खींचने या मोड़ने में सक्षम)
• Example: Gold is a ductile metal that can be drawn into thin wires.
• ​Thus, capable of being bent or pulled into different shapes means "ductile."
• The correct answer is Option 3.
  

Additional Information

• Lithe: means thin, supple, and graceful. ((व्यक्ति या उनके शरीर के लिए प्रयुक्त) लचीला तथा सुरुचिपुर्ण ढंग से मुड़नेवाला, लचकदार और नम्य)
• Willowy: means slender and graceful like a willow tree. (विलो पेड़ की तरह पतला और सुंदर)
• Lissome: means thin, supple, and graceful. ((मनुष्य के शरीर के लिए प्रयुक्त) पतला एवं लचीला)

Given Data:

Distance = 45 km

Initial time = 45 minutes

Speed decreased by 20 km/hr

Concept: Time = Distance/Speed

Solution:

⇒ Initial speed = Distance/time = 45 km/(45 min/60) hr = 60 km/hr

⇒ Reduced speed = Initial speed - reduction = 60 km/hr - 20 km/hr = 40 km/hr

⇒ New time = Distance/Reduced speed = 45 km/40 km/hr = 1.125 hr = 67.5 min

Therefore, the new time taken to cover the same distance is 67.5 minutes.

The correct answer is Insects.

Key Points

• All living organisms respire to get energy from food.
• The process of breakdown of food in the cell with the release of energy is called cellular respiration.
• A network of tubes called tracheae are the respiratory organs of insects.
• Tracheal tubes help insects to transport atmospheric air within the body.
• Oxygenated air rushes through spiracles into the tracheal tubes, diffuses into the body tissue, and reaches the body cell.
• Carbon dioxide from the cells moves to the tracheal tubes and moves out through spiracles.

Additional Information

• Reptiles, birds, and mammals respire through the lungs.
• Amphibians like frogs can respire through their moist skin.
• Earthworms breathe through their moist skins(cuticle).
• Fishes use gills for gas exchange.
• Mussels breathe through their gills.

The correct answer is Part IX.

Key Points

• There are 25 parts to the Indian constitution.
• Part IX was added to the Constitution by 73rd amendment in 1992.
• It contains a new schedule, 'schedule eleven'.
• It contains 29 subjects related to the Panchayati Raj.
• Part IX has Articles 243-243 (O).
• Part IX-A was added by the 74th amendment in 1992, containing the 'twelfth schedule'.
• It contains 18 subjects related to municipalities.

 Thus, we can say that Part IX of the Indian Constitution deals with the 'Composition of Panchayats'.

Confusion Points

• Part X of the Indian Constitution deals with the Scheduled Tribal Areas.
• Part XII deals with the distribution of Revenue between the Union and the States, Appointment of the Finance Commission, contracts liabilities etc.
• Part XI deals with relations between Union and States.

दिए गए पंक्तियों में अनुप्रास अलंकार का प्रयोग हुआ है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

पंक्ति का अर्थ :

अन्य विकल्प

The correct answer is 'A person who has been in jail many times'.

Key Points

• A "jail bird" is an informal term for someone who has been in jail many times.
• It is often used to describe someone who is a habitual criminal or who has a long history of arrests and convictions.
• The other options do not accurately reflect the meaning of the idiom "jail bird".

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

Additional Information

• Option 1) "A jailor incharge of the prisoners" is incorrect because a jail bird is not a jailor.
• Option 3) "A person who informs the police about criminals" is incorrect because a jail bird is not an informant.
• Option 4) "A person who catches criminals" is incorrect because a jail bird is not a law enforcement officer.

Given:

(0.064) × (0.4)7 = (0.4)? × (0.0256)   

Calculation:

(0.064) × (0.4)7 = (0.4)? × (0.0256)  

Let the unknown number be x.

⇒ (0.4)³ × (0.4)7 = (0.4)^x × (0.4)⁴  

⇒ (0.4)^{3 + 7}  = (0.4)^{x + 4}   

⇒ (0.4)¹⁰  = (0.4)x + 4   

So, 10 = x + 4

⇒ x = 10 - 4 = 6

∴ x = 6

The Higgs boson is an elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics. The question of the Higgs field's existence has been called by some, "the central problem in particle physics".

The correct answer is Madhya Pradesh Urja Vikas Nigam Limited.

Key Points

• Online applications are invited for the installation of solar pump, in which grant is being given by the Government of India and Government of Madhya Pradesh.
• Under this scheme, the benefit of the solar pump will be given to the farmer on the condition that no subsidy will be payable on electricity supply to the farmer if the electric pump is installed on that khasra/distributed khasra of his agricultural land in the future.
• Madhya Pradesh Urja Vikas Nigam Limited is the agency engaged in providing solar lighting
• to villages in Madhya Pradesh.
• Self-certification will also be given by the farmer that at present the electric pump is not operated/connected on that khasra/distributed khasra land of the farmer.
• If the concerned farmer disconnects the connection of the said electric pump or leaves the grant received on it, then he can be given a grant on the installation of the solar pump.

Additional Information

• Renewable energy is abundantly available in India and the world's largest program for the use of renewable energy products and systems is in place.
• The use of renewable energy resources, energy conservation, and promotion of energy efficiency devices is a big step taken by the state government in this direction.
• Therefore all four renewable energy resources (solar, wind, to promote power generation from biomass and small hydroelectric energy), policies, and Madhya Pradesh Energy Conservation Fund rules and other guidelines have been implemented by the state government.

"रात उसका प्राण - पखेरू उड़ गया।" यह वाक्‍य अशुद्ध है। 

Key Points

• अशुद्ध वाक्‍य- रात उसका प्राण - पखेरू उड़ गया।
• यहाँ, प्राण - पखेर शब्द का प्रयोग अशुद्ध है। प्राण और पखेरू दोनों ही शब्दों का अर्थ "जीवन" है। इसलिए, "प्राण - पखेरू" शब्द का प्रयोग अनावश्यक है।
• शुद्ध वाक्‍य- रात उसका प्राण न‍िकल गया।
• ​अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍पों में द‍िए गए सभी वाक्‍य शुद्ध हैं।

Important Points

The correct answer is Option 3) To avoid dealing with a problem.

 Key Points

• "Kick the can down the road" is an idiom that means to delay or defer decision-making or problem-solving, essentially avoiding dealing with a problem immediately. समस्या से बचना
• An example: Instead of addressing the budget shortfall, the government chose to kick the can down the road by borrowing more money.
• This idiom captures the avoidance of immediate action.  समस्या से बचना
• Example of usage: Politicians often kick the can down the road to avoid unpopular decisions before an election.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 3.

Given:-

Marked Price of clock = ₹10,000

Selling Price of clock = ₹2,400

Two successive discounts = 40% and k%

Concept Used:-

SP = (100 - Discount%) / 100 * MP

Calculation:

⇒ 2400 = [(100 - 40) / 100] * [(100 - k) / 100 ] × 10000

⇒ 2400 = [60/100] × [(100 - k) / 100 ] × 10000

⇒ 2400 = 60 × (100 - k)

⇒ 100 - k = 2400/60

⇒ 100 - k = 40

⇒ k = 100 - 40

⇒ k = 60

∴ Value of k is 60.

The Correct answer is Lichens.

Key Points

• Litmus is a well-known acid-base indicator used in chemistry.
• It is derived from lichens, which are symbiotic associations between a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium.
• The most common lichens used for extracting litmus are of the genus Roccella and Leconora.
• Litmus changes color in response to pH levels: it turns red in acidic solutions (pH < 7) and blue in basic solutions (pH > 7).
• This indicator is used in various applications including laboratory experiments, educational demonstrations, and industrial processes to determine the acidity or alkalinity of substances.

 Additional Information

• Fungi
• Fungi are a kingdom of usually multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophic (they cannot produce their own food).
• They include microorganisms such as yeasts, molds, and mushrooms.
• Fungi play a crucial role in the decomposition of organic matter and have applications in food production, medicine, and biotechnology.
• Bacteria
• Bacteria are single-celled, prokaryotic microorganisms that come in various shapes, including rods, spirals, and spheres.
• They are found in virtually every habitat on Earth, from soil to water to the human body.
• Bacteria play essential roles in processes such as nitrogen fixation, decomposition, and fermentation.
• Termite
• Termites are social insects that live in colonies and are known for consuming wood and other cellulose materials.
• They play a significant role in the ecosystem by breaking down dead plant material, contributing to nutrient cycling.
• Some termite species can cause considerable damage to buildings and wooden structures.

The correct answer is Lovlina Borgohain.

In News

• Indian boxer Lovlina Borgohain won the gold medal in the women's 75kg category at the 38th National Games 2025 in Uttarakhand.

Key Points

• Lovlina Borgohain defeated Chandigarh's Pranshu Rathore 5-0 by unanimous decision to claim gold.
• She had previously won gold in the same weight category at the 2022 National Games held in Gujarat.
• Shiva Thapa won silver in the men’s 63.5kg category after losing to Vanshaj of Services Sports Central Board.
• Ankushita Boro created history by winning her third consecutive gold medal in the 66kg welterweight category.

Additional Information

• Other Notable Boxing Winners:
• Men’s 51kg Flyweight: Mandengbam Singh (gold)
• Women’s 60kg Division: Jaismine Lamboria (gold)
• Women’s Flyweight 50kg: Nivedita Kari (gold)
• Women’s Bantamweight 54kg: Divya Panwar (gold)
• Event Duration: The 38th National Games began on January 28 and will continue till February 14, 2025.

सही उत्तर आशीर्वाद है।

Key Points

• शुद्ध वर्तनी- आशीर्वाद
• अन्य विकल्प वर्तनीगत अशुद्ध हैं।
• आशीर्वाद का अर्थ- शुभ वचन, असीस।

The correct answer is "From extreme poverty to wealth."

Key Points

• The idiom "from rags to riches" means going from extreme poverty to wealth.
• अत्यधिक गरीबी से अमीरी की ओर जाना.
• It is often used to describe a person's journey of overcoming adversity and achieving great success.
• The phrase "rags" refers to old, tattered clothing typically worn by someone who is very poor.
• "Riches" refers to wealth and prosperity.
• Example: Annie was a rags to riches tale of a little disabled child.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Shortcut Trick

In a proportion a : b :: c : d, the multiplier relationship between the first and second term is identical to the third and fourth term.

Ratio of the first two terms is 5 : 35, which means the second term is 7 times the first.

Therefore, the fourth term must also be 7 times the third term (x).

x × 7 = 84 ⇒ x = 12

∴ The correct answer is 12.

Alternate Method

Given:

The numbers are 5, 35, x and the fourth proportional is 84.

Formula Used:

For any four numbers in proportion, a : b :: c : d ⇒ a ÷ b = c ÷ d.

a = 5

b = 35

× 7 ::

c = x

d = 84

× 7

Calculation:

⇒ 5 ÷ 35 = x ÷ 84

⇒ 1 ÷ 7 = x ÷ 84

⇒ x = 84 ÷ 7

⇒ x = 12

∴ The correct answer is 12.

Additional Information

Mean Proportional

The mean proportional between two numbers a and b is calculated as √(a × b).

Third Proportional

If c is the third proportional to a and b, then a : b :: b : c, which implies c = b² ÷ a.

Continued Proportion

Three non-zero numbers a, b, c are said to be in continued proportion if the ratio of the first to the second is equal to the ratio of the second to the third (a : b = b : c).

The correct answer is Infrasonic waves

Key Points

• Infrasonic waves are sound waves with frequencies below the lower limit of human hearing, typically below 20 Hz.
• These waves are not audible to humans but can be detected by specialized instruments.
• Infrasonic waves can be produced by natural events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and ocean waves, as well as by artificial sources like explosions and machinery.
• They have various applications, including monitoring natural disasters and studying the Earth's atmosphere and oceans.
• The study of infrasonic waves is important for understanding phenomena that are not detectable by conventional means.

Additional Information

• Ultrasonic waves are sound waves with frequencies above the audible range, typically above 20,000 Hz.
• Hypersonic and supersonic refer to speeds greater than the speed of sound, not to sound waves themselves.
• Infrasound is used in various fields such as seismology, meteorology, and even in animal communication studies.
• While humans cannot hear infrasonic waves, some animals, like elephants and whales, use them for communication over long distances.

The correct answer is 10.

Key Points

• Madhya Pradesh is administratively divided into 10 divisions and further 52 districts.
• MP’s capital is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore. Madhya Pradesh is the second-biggest state in India when it comes to the area.
• Chhindwara is the largest district in terms of area whereas Niwari is the smallest.

Additional Information

10 Divisions of Madhya Pradesh

सलिल के पर्यायवाची शब्द का सही विकल्प तोय होगा। अन्‍य व‍िकल्‍प असंगत हैं। 

• सलिल के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द - अम्बु, जलनीर, तोय, सलिल, पानी, वारि आदि।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प-

Additional Information

The incorrect spelling is option 1) i.e., 'Benifitiary'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the meaning of the given options
• Benifitiary - There is no such word in English or we can say that there is a spelling mistake in the word.
• Strategy - a plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall aim.
• Tractor - a powerful motor vehicle with large rear wheels, used chiefly on farms for hauling equipment and trailers.
• Territory -an area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information 

• If we replace the letter t with the letter c in the word benifitiary, we get the word beneficiary.
• Beneficiary is a proper English word and it means a person who derives advantage from something, especially a trust, will, or life insurance policy.

Given:

A and B profit ratio = 3 : 5. B invested Rs. 80,000 for 12 months. A invested Rs. 72,000.

Formula used:

Total profit = individual investment × time

Calculations:

Let the profit of A be 3x and B be 5x.

According to problem,

80000 × 12 = 5x

=> x = (\dfrac{960000}{5})

=> x = 192000

Now, let the time taken by A be t.

So, 72000 × t = 3x

=> 72000 × t = 3 × 192000

=> t = (\dfrac{192}{24})

=> t = 8 months

∴ The answer is 8 months.

The correct answer is England.

Key Points

• Magna Carta:-
• It​ was a charter of rights agreed to by King John of England in 1215.
• It established the principle that everyone, including the king, was subject to the law and had certain rights that could not be taken away without due process.
• Fundamental Rights:-
• The concept of fundamental rights is based on the idea that there are certain rights that are inherent to all human beings, regardless of their nationality, race, or gender.
• These rights are often enshrined in national constitutions and international treaties.
• While the Magna Carta was an important precursor to the concept of fundamental rights, it did not include all of the rights that we now consider to be fundamental.
• For example, it did not guarantee freedom of speech or religion..

Additional Information

• United States Constitution:-
• It includes a Bill of Rights that guarantees certain fundamental rights, such as freedom of speech, religion, and the press.
• However, the concept of fundamental rights predates the US Constitution, and the Magna Carta was the first document to establish the principle that everyone is subject to the law and has certain rights that cannot be taken away without due process.
• Canada:-
• It has a Charter of Rights and Freedoms that protects fundamental rights such as freedom of expression, religion, and peaceful assembly.
• However, the concept of fundamental rights predates the Canadian Charter, and the Magna Carta was the first document to establish the principle that everyone is subject to the law and has certain rights that cannot be taken away without due process.
• Australia:-
• It has a constitution that protects certain fundamental rights, such as freedom of religion and the right to vote.
• However, the concept of fundamental rights predates the Australian Constitution, and the Magna Carta was the first document to establish the principle that everyone is subject to the law and has certain rights that cannot be taken away without due process.

The correct answer is 15

Key Points

• In tennis, the points in a game are counted as 15, 30, 40, and then game point.
• The first point in a game is referred to as 15.
• 0 points = Love
• 1 point = 15
• 2 points = 30
• 3 points = 40
• 4 points = Game point (if the player has a 2-point lead)
• To win a game, a player must win four points by a margin of at least two points.
• When both players have 40 points, it's called "deuce". T
• o win the game, one player must win two consecutive points after the score reaches deuce.
• Here are some other things to know about tennis:
• The first point of a game is served from the server's right side.
• The server alternates serving from the right and left sides of their court from point to point.
• The winner of a set is the first player to win six games, but they must also win by at least two games.
• The winner of the match is determined by the outcome of a series of sets, which can be best of three or five sets.
• The term "break point" refers to when the receiver has a chance to win the game with the next point.

'राजा सेवक को कम्बल देता है। 'उक्त' वाक्य में रेखांकित पद में कारक है - 'सम्प्रदान कारक'

• (यहाँ पर 'को' विभक्ति चिह्न का प्रयोग करते है। यह चिह्न बताता है, कि किसी ने किसी को कुछ दिया है।)
• जब वाक्य में किसी को कुछ दिया जाए या किसी के लिए कुछ किया जाए तो वहां पर सम्प्रदान कारक होता है।
• सम्प्रदान कारक के विभक्ति चिन्ह के लिए या को हैं।

जैसे - 

• वह अरुण के लिए मिठाई लाया।
• विकास तुषार को किताबें देता है।

Key Points

Important Points

The wrongly spelled word is "Electrolyesis​".

Key Points

• The correct spelling is 'electrolysis'. It means a process of permanently getting rid of hairs on the body by using an electric current.
• Example: She had done electrolysis to remove hairs on the upper lip.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• ​​The meanings of the other words are:
• Felicitous: well-chosen or suited to the circumstances. (परम सुखी, धन्य)
• Discipline: the practice of training your mind and body so that you control your actions and obey rules. (अनुशासन)
• Metaphysical:  relating to the part of philosophy that is about understanding existence and knowledge. (आध्यात्मिक)​

Given:

Investment of Jay = Rs. 12

Investment of Ajay = Rs. 16000

Total Annual Profit = Rs. 5100

Time period of investment of Jay = 12 months

Time period of investment o Ajay = 8 months

Concept Used:

Profit Ratio = (Investment × Time Period) 

Calculation:

Investment × Time Period of Jay = 12000 × 12

Investment × Time Period of Ajay = 16000 × 8

⇒ Profit ratio of Jay : Ajay = 12000 × 12 : 16000 × 8 = 9 : 8

Now, Share of Ajay = 5100 × (\frac{8}{17}) = 2400

∴ Share of Ajay = Rs. 2400.

The correct answer is Presidential Awards

Key Points

• The Sangeet Natak Academy Awards were earlier known as the Presidential Awards.
• These awards are given to artists in the field of performing arts such as music, dance, and drama.
• The awards aim to recognize and honor the outstanding contribution of artists to Indian cultural heritage.
• Established in 1952, the Sangeet Natak Academy is India's national academy for music, dance, and drama.

Additional Information

• The Sangeet Natak Academy functions as an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India.
• It not only honors artists but also engages in various activities to promote and preserve the rich cultural heritage of India.
• The awards are conferred by the President of India, which adds to their prestige and recognition.
• Recipients of the awards receive a plaque, a shawl, and a cash prize.

The correct answer is Abhijit Banerjee.

Key Points

• American economist Abhijit Banerjee is of Indian descent.
• At the moment, he holds the position of Ford Foundation International Professor of Economics at MIT.
• Together with Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer, Banerjee was awarded the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences "for their experimental approach to eliminating global poverty."
• His research focuses on economic growth.
• He has talked about field experiments as a crucial technique for identifying causal linkages in economics with Esther Duflo.

'नायक' का सही संधि विच्छेद नै + अक होगा। 

• नै + अक = नायक (ऐ + अन्य स्वर = आय)

Key Points

• अयादि संधि - संधि करते समय यदि ए, ऐ, ओ, औ के साथ कोई अन्य स्वर हो तो 'ए का अय', 'ऐ का आय', 'ओ का अव', 'औ का आव' हो जाता है। इसे ही अयादि संधि कहते हैं। 
• ए + अन्य स्वर = अय
• ऐ + अन्य स्वर = आय
• ओ + अन्य स्वर = अव
• औ + अन्य स्वर = आव
• अन्य उदाहरण -
• ने + अन = नयन
• पो + इत्र = पवित्र
• श्री + अन = श्रवण

Additional Information

संधियाँ तीन प्रकार की होती हैं -

1. स्वर संधि 
2. दीर्घ संधि

• अ/आ + अ/आ = आ
• इ/ई + इ/ई = ई
• उ/ऊ + उ/ऊ = ऊ

2. गुण संधि

• अ/आ + उ/ऊ = ओ
• अ/आ + इ/ई = ए
• अ + ऋ = अर्

3. वृद्धि संधि

• अ/आ + ए/ऐ = ऐ
• अ/आ + ओ/औ = औ

4. यण संधि

• इ/ई + अ/आ/उ/ऊ = य
• उ/ऊ + इ/ई/अ/आ = व्
• ऋ + अ/आ/उ/ऊ/इ/ई = र

5. अयादी संधि

• ए + अन्य स्वर = अय
• ऐ + अन्य स्वर = आय
• ओ + अन्य स्वर = अव
• औ + अन्य स्वर = आव

2. व्यंजन संधि
3. विसर्ग संधि

The correct answer is option 3) i.e. He was seen stealing by someone.

Key Points  

• In Active Voice, a sentence emphasizes subject performing an action.
• In Passive Voice, a sentence emphasizes the action or the object of the sentence.
• When we convert this sentence into passive voice, the subject and the object exchange their places.
• The passive format "Was + V₃" should be used.
• This is the active and passive voice rule for the past simple tense.
• Hence, "He was seen stealing by someone" is the correct passive voice.

Additional Information

• Verbs of passive format have a different set of tenses (*V3 - Past participle or Third form of the Verb) as given below in the table:
  

Given:

Height (h) = 12 cm

Radius (r) = 6 cm

Formula used:

Volume of cone = (1/3) × π × r² × h

Calculations:

Volume = (1/3) × π × 6² × 12

⇒ Volume = (1/3) × π × 36 × 12

⇒ Volume = (1/3) × π × 432

⇒ Volume = 144π cm³

∴ Volume of the conical vessel = 144π cm³

The Correct Answer is 25 May.

In News

• World Thyroid Day: 25 May.

Key Points

• World Thyroid Day is celebrated every year on 25th May.
• It was decided during the Thyroid Federation International meeting in September 2007.
• The first World Thyroid Day was celebrated in 2008.
• The theme for this year is “Thyroid Disease and Artificial Intelligence”.
• The European Thyroid Association also started European Thyroid Day on 25th May 2008.

The correct answer is Central - Nagpur.

Key Points

• Central Railway is indeed headquartered in Mumbai and not Nagpur. Therefore, the correct answer is: Central Railway - Mumbai

Additional Information

List of IR Zones available

इन पंक्तियों में चौपाई छन्द का प्रयोग हुआ है, अन्य विकल्प असंगत है, अत: विकल्प 1 'चौपाई' सही उत्तर होगा। 

Key Points

Additional Information

The correct answer is "I was struck on the head by a stone**".**

Key Points

• As we can see the given sentence is in the active voice format of the simple past tense as the past participle (struck) is applied in the sentence, so we have to change the active voice as per the same tense rules.
• Active voice: Subject + V2 + object
• Passive voice: Object + was/were + V3 + by + subject
• Example:
• Active voice: Maya cleaned the dishes.
• Passive voice: The dishes were cleaned by Maya.
• By following the above-mentioned rules, we have to change the active to passive by applying the third form of the verb (struck) and past helping verb (was) in the sentence.
  

Therefore, the correct answer is: I was struck on the head by a stone*.* 

Additional Information

• Let us take a look at the rules of simple past active passive voice:
• Active voice: Subject + V2 + object
• Passive voice: Object + was/were + V3 + by + subject
• Active voice: Subject + did + not + v1 + object
• Passive voice: Object + was/were + not + V3 + by Subject
• Active voice: Did + subject + V1 + object +?
• Passive voice: Was/were + Object + V3 + by subject +?

Given:

Population in 2020 = 5000000

Annual growth rate = 7.5%

Formula Used:

Population after n years = Initial Population × (1 + Growth Rate)ⁿ

Calculation:

Population in 2022 (after 2 years) = 5000000 × (1 + 0.075)²

Population in 2022 = 5000000 × (1.075)²

Population in 2022 = 5000000 × 1.155625

Population in 2022 = 5778125

The population in 2022 is 5778125.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Harihara I & Bukka Raya I.

• The Vijayanagar Empire was founded in 1336 by Harihar I and his brother Bukka Raya I in Deccan in the wake of the rebellions against Tughluq rule.
• The Vijayanagara Empire was ruled by 4 dynasties:
• Sangama Dynasty
• Saluva Dynasty
• Tuluva Dynasty
• Aravidu Dynasty
• Bukka Raya defeated almost all the southern kingdoms and extended his empire till present day Rameshwaram.
• The Vijayanagara Empire would rule till 1646 with Sriranga III as its final ruler.
• The ruins of The Vijayanagar Empire which surround modern World Heritage site Hampi can be found in Karnataka, India.

Some scientific names of common vitamins are:

Vitamin A – Retinol

Vitamin B1 – Thiamine

Vitamin B2 – Riboflavin

Vitamin B9 - Folic Acid  

Vitamin C – Ascorbic Acid

Vitamin D – Calciferol

Vitamin E – Tocopherol

Vitamin K – Phytomenadione.

निम्नलिखित काव्य पंक्तियों में मुख्यतः उपमा अलंकार का प्रयोग दिखाई देता है।

उपमा अलंकार - जब एक वस्तु या प्राणी की तुलना अत्यंत समानता के कारण किसी अन्य प्रसिद्ध वस्तु या प्राणी से की जाती है, वहां उपमा अलंकार होता है।

उदाहरण - 

लघु सुरधनु- से पंख पसारे

शीतल मलय समीर सहारे।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण - 

Additional Information अलंकार - 

• अलंकार का शाब्दिक अर्थ होता है कि आभूषण, यह दो शब्दों से मिलकर बनता है-अलम + कार।
• जिस प्रकार स्त्री की शोभा आभूषणों से होती है उसी प्रकार काव्य की शोभा अलंकार से होती है।
• अर्थात् जो शब्द वाक्यांश को अलंकृत करें वह अलंकार कहलाता है।

The correct answer is The tailor told him that his shirt would be ready by the next day.

Key Points

• The given sentence is a direct speech.
• The basic rules for changing or converting direct speech into indirect speech:​
• The commas and inverted commas are removed and 'that' is added.
• The second person 'your' will be changed into the first person 'his'.
• The future simple tense format 'Subject + will + V1 (be) + Object' will be changed into the present conditional tense format 'Subject + would + V1 (be) + Object'.

Thus the correct option is Option 3)

Additional Information

• The following table will enable us to know how tense changes into Indirect speech:
  

Shortcut Trick

Kamal current age = 30 − 6 = 24 years.

Ratio of Kamal : Kiran = 4 : 5.

4 units → 24 years ⇒ 1 unit → 6 years.

5 units (Kiran) → 5 × 6 = 30 years.

∴ The correct answer is 30 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Ratio of Kamal and Kiran = 4 : 5

Kamal age after 6 years = 30 years

Calculations:

⇒ Let Kamal present age be 4x and Kiran present age be 5x.

⇒ Kamal age after 6 years = 4x + 6

⇒ 4x + 6 = 30

⇒ 4x = 30 − 6

⇒ 4x = 24

⇒ x = 6

⇒ Kiran present age = 5x = 5 × 6 = 30 years

∴ The correct answer is 30 years.

Additional Information

Ratio and Ages

If the ratio of ages is a:b, we assume ages as ax and bx to form linear equations based on given time conditions.

Age After 'n' Years

If present age is A, then age after n years is (A + n) and age n years ago was (A − n).

Age Difference

The difference between the ages of two persons remains constant regardless of the number of years passed or gone by.

The correct answer is January-December.

Key Points

• Financial Year in Madhya Pradesh
• ​The financial year in Madhya Pardesh is from 1st January to 31st December.
• Earlier, it was from 1st April to 31st March.
• Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chauhan together with his ministers decided to shift its financial year to May 2017.
• This change in the financial year was done in 2017 and it is implemented in the year 2018.
• It was done on the recommendation of the Shankar Acharya Committee formed in 2016.
• Shankar Acharya is the Economic Advisor in Madhya Pardesh Government.
• Madhya Pradesh with this becomes the first state in India to shift its financial year.

Additional Information

• Financial Year
• The financial year is called the period of one year during which one earns and spends.
• In short, it is also called FY.
• Currently in India, it is from 1 April to 31 March.
• The government itself considers the same period as the Financial Year to calculate its income and expenses.
• The budget is also formed and implemented for the same period.