DSSSB (Court/Room/Security Attendant): (17th June 2026) Memory-Based Paper (Previous Year Paper)

दिए गए विकल्पों में से 'आँख की किरकिरी होना' मुहावरे का सही अर्थ है - अप्रिय लगना।

• वाक्य प्रयोग - अंग्रेज शासकों के लिए वीर क्रान्तिकारी चन्द्रशेखर आजाद आँख की किरकिरी हो गये थे।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प - 

Additional Information

सही उत्तर इन्द्रवज्रा है। 

Key Points

• इन्द्रवज्रा शुद्ध शब्द है, अन्य विकल्प अशुद्ध हैं।
• इन्द्रवज्रा एक छन्द है।

Additional Information 

• यह सम वर्ण वृत्त छन्द है।
• इसके प्रत्येक चरण में 11-11 वर्ण होते हैं।

लक्षण - स्यादिन्द्रवज्रा यदि तौ जगौ गः। 

• अर्थात इन्द्रवज्रा के प्रत्येक चरण में दो तगण, एक जगण और दो गुरु वर्ण होते हैं।

उदाहरण - 

यूँही   नहीं   आप  हमें  सताओ

कान्हा कभी दर्शन तो कराओ। 

भूले हमें, क्यों  जबसे  गये  हो

बोलो  यहाँ और  किसे ठगे  हो।

विकल्प 2 "हरिद्रा" सही है।

Key Points

• हल्दी शब्द का तत्सम रूप हरिद्रा कहलाता है।

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण - 

• हल्दीक निरर्थक शब्द है।

Additional Information

• तत्सम शब्द दो शब्दों से मिलकर बना है। तत् (उसी के) + सम (सामान) = अथार्त उसी (संस्कृत) के सामान शब्द। वे शब्द जो संस्कृत के सामान ही हिन्दी में प्रचलित हैं, जिनके उच्चारण व लिखावट में कोई अंतर नहीं आया हैं, उसे तत्सम शब्द कहते है। 
• जैसे – अग्नि, आम्र, अमूल्य, चंद्र, क्षेत्र, अज्ञान, अन्धकार आदि।
• तद्भव शब्द- तद्भव दो शब्दों के मिलकर बना है। तद् (उससे) + भव (बने हुए) शब्द है। वे शब्द जो संस्कृत के शब्दों के सरल होने से बने है। उन्हें तद्भव शब्द कहते है। 
• जैसे- मर्कटी – मकड़ी, स्वर्णकार – सुनार, कुंभकार – कुम्हार आदि।

सही विकल्प है - कटि। 

कमर शब्द का सही पर्यायवाची शब्द कटि है। 

Key Points

पर्यायवाची :- जो शब्द समान अर्थ के कारण किसी दूसरे शब्द की जगह ले लेते हैं उन्हें पर्यायवाची शब्द कहते हैं ।

• हाथ - हस्त, पंजा
• कंधा - बाहुमूल, मोढ़ा
• पैर - चरण, पाँव, पद, चरण-चिह्न, कदम

Additional Information

हरि शब्द का अनेकार्थी शब्द दूध नहीं है।

शेष सभी विकल्प हरि के अनेकार्थी है।

Additional Information

शुद्ध वाक्य "तुम उसे गालियाँ क्यों दे रहे हो" है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• वाक्य- तुम उसे गालियाँ क्यों निकाल रहे हो।
• इस वाक्य में क्रिया सम्बन्धी त्रुटि है, निकाल के स्थान पर दे होगा।
• सही वाक्य- तुम उसे गालियाँ क्यों दे रहे हो ?

Important Points

• क्रिया सम्बन्धी त्रुटि-
• वाक्य में क्रिया का प्रयोग कर्ता के लिंग एवं वचन के अनुसार किया जाता है, अन्यथा वह वाक्य अशुद्ध समझा जाता है।
• अशुद्ध- राम और सीता वन को गई।
• शुद्ध-  राम और सीता वन को गए।

विद्वान् लोग समय का सदुपयोग करते है, वाक्य में रेखांकित पद का रुप गुणवाचक विशेषण है। 

Key Points

• विद्वान्' शब्द यहाँ 'लोग' की विशेषता बता रहा है, अतः यह गुणवाचक विशेषण है।

गुणवाचक विशेषण

• परिभाषा - जो शब्द संज्ञा या सर्वनाम के गुण, दोष, रूप, रंग, आकार आदि का बोध कराते हैं, उन्हें गुणवाचक विशेषण कहते हैं।
• वाक्य में प्रयोग - विद्वान् लोग सदैव विनयशील होते हैं।

संख्यावाचक विशेषण

• परिभाषा - वह विशेषण शब्द जिससे संज्ञा या सर्वनाम की संख्या का बोध हो।
• वाक्य में प्रयोग - संख्यावाचक विशेषण के दो उपभेद हैं - निश्चित और अनिश्चित ।"

सार्वनामिक विशेषण

• परिभाषा - वह सर्वनाम जो संकेत द्वारा संज्ञा या सर्वनाम की विशेषता बतलाता है।
  

वाक्य में प्रयोग - यह पुस्तक मेरी है में यह संकेतवाचक विशेषण है।

समानार्थी शब्द - संकेतवाचक विशेषण , निर्देशक विशेषण

सही उत्तर है - “तू”।

• ‘तू’ मध्यम पुरुष है।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प:

• वे - अन्य पुरुष सर्वनाम है।
• मैं - उत्तम पुरुष सर्वनाम है।
• यह - अन्य पुरुष सर्वनाम है।

Important Points

Additional Information

• पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम के तीन भेद होते है - वह स्वयं, दूसरा सुनने वाला, तीसरा कोई अन्य व्यक्ति जिसके बारे में बातचीत हो रही हो।
• उत्तम पुरुष
• मध्यम पुरुष
• अन्य पुरुष

सही उत्तर है - "क्रिया" l

Key Points

• वाक्य के जिस पद से किसी कार्य के होने का पता चले उसे क्रिया कहते हैं l
• जिस शब्द से किसी काम का करना या होना प्रकट होता हो, उसे क्रिया कहते हैं।
• जैसे - पढ़ना, लिखना, खाना, आना इत्यादि।
• क्रिया विकारी शब्द है, जिसके रूप, लिंग,वचन और पुरुष के अनुसार बदल जाते हैं।
• अन्य विकल्प :-
• अन्य विकल्प दी गई परिभाषा के लिए सही शब्द नहीं है l​

Additional Information

• विशेषण - संज्ञा अथवा सर्वनाम शब्दों की विशेषता (गुण, दोष, संख्या, परिमाण आदि) बताने वाले शब्द विशेषण कहलाते हैं।
• जैसे - बड़ा, काला, लंबा, दयालु, भारी, सुन्दर, कायर, टेढ़ा-मेढ़ा, एक, दो आदि।
• संज्ञा - किसी जाति, द्रव्य, गुण, भाव, व्यक्ति, स्थान और क्रिया आदि के नाम को संज्ञा कहते हैं।
• जैसे - पशु (जाति), सुन्दरता (गुण), व्यथा (भाव), मोहन (व्यक्ति), दिल्ली (स्थान), मारना (क्रिया)।
• सर्वनाम - संज्ञा के बदले जिस शब्द का प्रयोग किया जाता है उसे सर्वनाम कहते हैं।
• जैसे:- तुम, हम, आप, उसका, आदि I सर्वनाम संज्ञा के स्थान पर आता है।

उपरोक्त विकल्पों में से “अभी परीक्षा हो गयी” वाक्य में अभी कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण होता है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। अतः विकल्प 3 कालवाचक सही उत्तर है।

Key Points

Additional Information

सही उत्तर प्रस्तुतिकरण है। 

Key Points

• प्रस्तुतिकरण अशुद्ध वर्तनी वाला शब्द है।
• शुद्ध वर्तनी वाला शब्द "प्रस्तुतीकरण" है।
• प्रस्तुतीकरण का अर्थ-  प्रस्तुत करने की क्रिया, प्रस्तुति।
• प्रस्तुतीकरण- प्रस्तुतीकरण शब्द प्रस्तुत शब्द से बना है जिसका अर्थ सुसज्जित रूप में वस्तुओं को सामने लाना है।
• जब किसी विषय या प्रकरण पर लेख रचना पूर्ण हो जाती है तो श्रोताओं के समक्ष आकर्षक व सजावटी रूप में लेखक लेख को प्रस्तुत करता है।

Important Pointsमानक हिंदी में "प्रस्तुतिक���ण" और "प्रस्तुती" दोनों अशुद्ध हैं। 

शुद्ध है - "प्रस्तुतीकरण"

अन्य विकल्प -

• विचारार्ह का अर्थ- विचारार्थ, सुझाव
• 'वर्तनियाँ' शब्द वर्तनी का बहुवचन है।
• छिपकली - छिपकली स्क्वमाटा जीववैज्ञानिक गण के सरीसृप प्राणियों का एक उपगण है, जिसमें अंटार्कटिका के अलावा लगभग विश्व भर के हर बड़े भू-भाग में मिलने वाली लगभग 6000 ज्ञात जातियाँ शामिल हैं।

Additional Information

अपने सामर्थ्य के अनुसार व्यय करना' अर्थ से संबंधित लोकोक्ति है- 'तेते पाँव पसारिये जेती लांबी सौर'।

वाक्य प्रयोग- मदन आमदनी से ज्यादा खर्चा करता था अब बैठकर पछता रहा है क्योंकि उस पर कर्ज हो गया है बड़े बुजुर्ग ठीक ही कहते हैं कि, 'तेते पाँव पसारिये जेती लांबी सौर'।

Key Pointsलोकोक्ति- जब कोई पूरा कथन किसी प्रसंग विशेष में उद्धत किया जाता है तो लोकोक्ति कहलाता है। इसी को कहावत कहते है।

• उदाहरण- 'बाप भला न भईया, सब से भला रुपैया' अर्थात् 'धन ही सबसे बड़ा होता है'।
• वाक्य प्रयोग- आजकल कोई किसी का नहीं होता चाहे वह सगाई क्यों ना हो इसीलिए कहते हैं 'बाप बड़ा ना भईया सबसे बड़ा रुपैया'।

अन्य विकल्प- 

Additional Informationअन्य प्रसिद्ध लोकोक्ति- 

'भेद' शब्द का अनेकार्थी रूप नहीं है - 'मूल्य'

• 'भेद' शब्द का अनेकार्थी रूप है -  छेदन, फूट, रहस्य, अंतर आदि।

Key Points 

• ऐसे शब्द जिनके अनेक या एक से अधिक अर्थ होते हैं
• अर्थात भिन्न-भिन्न प्रसंगों में प्रयुक्त होकर अलग-अलग अर्थ ग्रहण करते हैं, अनेकार्थी या अनेकार्थक शब्द कहलाते हैं।

Additional Information कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण अनेकार्थी शब्द:-

• अक्ष - आँख, सर्प, ज्ञान, मण्डल, रथ, चौसर का पासा, धुरी, पहिया, आत्मा, कील।
• अरुण -  लाल, सूर्य, सूर्य का सारथी इत्यादि।
• कला - अंश, किसी कार्य को अच्छी तरह करने का कौशल।
• कर - हाथ, सूँड़, किरण, टैक्स।
• खग - पक्षी, तारा, गन्धर्व, बाण।
• गण - समूह,मनुष्य, भूतप्रेतादि, शिव के गण, पिंगल के गण।
• फल - नतीजा, पेड़ का फल, परिणाम, लाभ।

अशुद्ध वाक्य "वह नित्य गाने की कसरत करता है"। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

• वाक्य- वह नित्य गाने की कसरत करता है।
• इस वाक्य में अशुद्ध शब्द कसरत है, क्योंकि यह शारीरिक क्रिया है।
• यहाँ कसरत के स्थान पर अभ्यास शब्द होगा।
• सही वाक्य- वह नित्य गाने का अभ्यास करता है।

Important Points

• वाक्य रचना में संज्ञा सर्वनाम विशेषण क्रिया अव्यय वर्तनी से संबंधित या अन्य प्रकार की अशुद्धियां हो सकते हैं।
• जैसे-
• अशुद्ध- मैं रविवार के दिन तुम्हारे घर आऊंगा।
• शुद्ध- मैं रविवार को तुम्हारे घर आऊंगा।

सही उत्तर “आपके बारे में कल कोई कुछ कह रहा था" हैं।

• “आपके बारे में कल कोई कुछ कह रहा था", इस वाक्य में अनिश्चयवाची, मध्यम पुरुष सर्वनाम प्रयुक्त हुआ हैं।
• इस वाक्य में 'कोई' शब्द का उपयोग हुआ है इसलिए यह अनिश्चयवाची सर्वनाम हैं।
• और यहां कर्ता  के रूप में 'आपके' शब्द का उपयोग हुआ है इसलिए यह मध्यम पुरुष सर्वनाम हैं।

Key Points

• संज्ञा के स्थान पर प्रयुक्त होने वाले शब्दों को  सर्वनाम कहते हैं।
• जैसे - मैं, वह, वे, उन्हें, अपने तुम, हम आदि।
• पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम के प्रकार:
• हिंदी में पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम तीन प्रकार के होते है:
• उत्तम पुरुष सर्वनाम- जिस सर्वनाम का प्रयोग वक्ता/बोलने वाला लिखने वाला खुद के बारे में बताने के लिए करता है।
• जैसे: मैं, मुझे, मुझको, मेरा, मेरी, हमारी, हम, हमारा, हमें आदि।
• मध्यम पुरुष सर्वनाम- जिस सर्वनाम का प्रयोग वक्ता सुनने वाले व्यक्ति के लिए करता है।
• जैसे: आप, आपके, तुम, तुमको, तुझे, तू आदि।
• अन्य पुरुष सर्वनाम- जिस सर्वनाम का प्रयोग वक्ता किसी तीसरे व्यक्ति के बारे में बताने के लिए करता है, तब इस सर्वनाम का प्रयोग होता है।
• जैसे: यह, वह, ये, वे, आदि।

 Additional Information सर्वनाम के छः भेद हैं: 

'सामने शेर को दहाड़ता देखकर मेरे प्राण सूख गए।'  इस वाक्य में रेखांकित मुहावरे का अर्थ बहुत डंर जाना होता है। 

Important Points

स्पष्टीकरण:-

Key Points

अन्य विकल्प:-

Additional Information 

सही उत्तर है - "प्रस्तर" l

Key Points

• पत्थर का तत्सम रूप है - प्रस्तर l
• प्रस्तर का तद्भव रूप है - पत्थर l
• तत्सम शब्द संस्कृत भाषा के दो शब्दों, तत् + सम् से मिलकर बना है। तत् का अर्थ है - उसके, तथा सम् का अर्थ है - समान। अर्थात - ज्यों का त्यों।
• तत्सम शब्दों में समय और परिस्थितियों के कारण कुछ परिवर्तन होने से जो शब्द बने हैं उन्हें तद्भव कहते हैं। तद्भव का शाब्दिक अर्थ है - उससे बने (तत् + भव = उससे उत्पन्न), अर्थात जो उससे (संस्कृत से) उत्पन्न हुए हैं। यहाँ पर तत् शब्द भी संस्कृत भाषा की ओर इंगित करता है। अर्थात जो संस्कृत से ही बने हैं।

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:-

• पाथर पत्थर शब्द का पर्यायवाची है l
• पठार का अर्थ है -
• दूर तक फैली हुई चौरस और ऊँची ज़मीन।
• फत्थर शब्द का कोई अर्थ नहीं है l यह पत्थर शब्द की गलत वर्तनी है l

Additional Information

• तत्सम शब्दों के उदाहरण:-
• अग्नि, आम्र, अमूल्य, चंद्र, क्षेत्र, अज्ञान, अन्धकार आदि।
• तद्भव शब्दों के उदाहरण:-
• मुख से मुँह
• ग्राम से गाँव
• कुछ प्राचीन तत्सम शब्द और उनके नवीन तद्भव रूप:-
• अमृत - अमिय
• अक्षर - अच्छर

Important Points

• तत्सम शब्द प्राचीन शब्द है जिनका संस्कृत भाषा से नाता है l इन्हीं शब्दों के नवीन रूप को तद्भव कहा जाता है l
• आज की वर्तमान भाषा में हम जो अधिकांश शब्द इस्तेमाल करते हैं, वह तद्भव शब्द है l तत्सम शब्दों का इस्तेमाल किसी पुरानी किताबों में ही देखने को मिलता है l

बाल शब्द के पर्यायवाची शब्द का सही विकल्प स्वसा नहीं है।

• स्वसा बहन का पर्यायवाची शब्द है।
• बहन के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द - दीदी, भगिनी, सहोदरा, स्वसा आदि।

Key Pointsपर्यायवाची शब्द:- 

जिन शब्दों के अर्थ में समानता हो या फिर जिनके अर्थ एक जैसे हो, उन्हें पर्यायवाची शब्द कहते है। 

जैसे -

• बाल के पर्यायवाची - केश, चिकुर, कुंतल, कच, अलक आदि।

Additional Informationअन्य महत्वपूर्ण पर्यायवाची शब्द -

पदक्रम की दृष्टि से वाक्य शुद्ध है- पानी से भरा एक गिलास लाओ।

• इस वाक्य में कोई भी त्रुटि नहीं है वहीं अन्य विकल्पों में पदक्रम संबंधित त्रुटि है।

Key Pointsपदक्रम संबंधी नियम -

• वाक्य में पहले कर्ता, फिर कर्म तथा अन्त में क्रिया आती है।
• यदि क्रिया अकर्मक है तो वाक्य में पहले कर्ता फिर क्रिया आती है।
• विस्मयादि बोधक शब्द वाक्य के आरंभ में आते हैं।
• जहाँ प्रश्नवाचक वाक्यों हाँ/नहीं उत्तर वाले प्रश्नों में 'क्या' प्रश्नवाचक शब्द वाक्य के आरंभ में आते हैं तथा शेष प्रश्नवाचक शब्द प्रायः वाक्य के मध्य में आते हैं।
• क्रिया-विशेषण शब्द, क्रिया के पूर्व आते हैं।

Additional Informationशुद्ध वाक्य-

• यह गाय का असली दूध है।
• गाजर काटकर खरगोश को खिलाओ।
• परदेश से आए अपने मित्र को पत्र लिखो।

सही उत्तर 'नौकर कुत्ते को दूध पिलाता है।' है।

• 'नौकर कुत्ते को दूध पिलाता है।', वाक्य में  द्विकर्मक क्रिया है।
• इस वाक्य में दी क्रिया के व्यापार का फल दो कर्मों- 'कुत्ते' और 'दूध' पर पड़ता है, इसलिए इस वाक्य में द्विकर्मक क्रिया है।
• द्विकर्मक क्रिया: जिस सकर्मक क्रिया का अर्थ स्पष्ट करने के लिए वाक्य में दो कर्म प्रयुक्त होते हैं, उसे द्विकर्मक क्रिया कहते हैं।
• 

Key Points

 अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:

• बच्चे सारी मिठाई खा गए।
• श्याम केले और अंगूर खाता है।
• राम और श्याम घूमने जाते हैं।
• उपरोक्त वाक्यों में 'मिठाई', 'केले और अंगूर', और 'घूमने' कर्म हैं। 'खा गए', 'खाता है' तथा 'जाते हैं' क्रिया का फल सीधा कर्म पर पड़ रहा है, साथ ही दोनों वाक्यों में एक-एक ही कर्म है। अतः यहाँ एककर्मक क्रिया है।

Additional Information

• सकर्मक क्रिया उस प्रकार की क्रिया होती है जिसमें कर्ता द्वारा किया गया कार्य किसी अन्य चीज को प्रभावित करता है, तो वहां पर सकर्मक क्रिया होती है।
• जैसे-नरेंद्र खाना खाता है।
• एककर्मक क्रिया:-जिस क्रिया में एक ही कर्म हो वह क्रिया एककर्मक क्रिया कहलाती है। जैसे: श्याम रोटी खाता है।
• अकर्मक क्रिया – अकर्मक क्रिया का सीधा संबंध कर्ता से रहता है अर्थात कार्य का फल कर्ता पर पड़ता है।
• जैसे-नरेंद्र सोता है।

सही उत्तर है- समाज के प्रति उत्तरदायी होगी । 

• गद्यांश के अनुसार- 
• पाठ्यचर्या निर्माण आवश्यक रूप से एक अंतहीन प्रक्रिया है।
• जिसके अन्तर्गत समाज में घटित होने वाले परिवर्तनों की दृष्टि से शिक्षा में गुणात्मक विकास की सतत खोज की जाती है।
• एक सार्थक पाठ्यचर्या को समाज के प्रति उत्तरदायी होना चाहिए।
• और उसमें शिक्षार्थी की आवश्यकताओं और आकांक्षाओं की झलक मिलनी चाहिए।

Key Points

• उत्तरदायी-
• अर्थ- जवाबदेह।
• सार्थक-
• अर्थ- किसी निश्चित शब्द का बोध कराने वाले शब्द।

Additional Information

• अपरिवर्तनशील- 
• ​अर्थ- जिसे बदल न जा सके।
• असमानता-
• अर्थ- जिसमे समानता न हो।
• जड़-
• ​अर्थ- आधार या मूल शब्द।

सही उत्तर है- समाज में आने वाले परिवर्तनों को शामिल किया जा सके। 

• गद्यांश के अनुसार- 
• पाठ्यचर्या निर्माण आवश्यक रूप से एक अंतहीन प्रक्रिया है।
• जिसके अन्तर्गत समाज में घटित होने वाले परिवर्तनों की दृष्टि से।
• शिक्षा में गुणात्मक विकास की सतत खोज की जाती है।

Key Points

• पाठ्यचर्या- 
• अर्थ- पढ़ने पढ़ाने योग्य।
• अंतहीन- 
• अर्थ- जो कभी समाप्त न हो।

Additional Information

• सार्थक-
• अर्थ- किसी निश्चित शब्द का बोध कराने वाले शब्द।

सही उत्तर है- आर्थिक।

• गद्यांश के अनुसार- 
• पाठ्यचर्या को इस प्रकार की शिक्षा की रचना करनी होगी।
• जो असमानता के विरुद्ध संघर्ष कर सके और।
• शिक्षार्थी की सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, भावनात्मक आवश्यकताओं को पूरा कर सके।
• यह तभी होगा जब पाठ्यचर्या में उत्कृष्टता, प्रासंगिकता व समानता हो।

Key Points

• आर्थिक-
• अर्थ- धन से संबंधित।

Additional Information

• सामाजिक-
• अर्थ- समाज से संबंधित।
• सांस्कृतिक- 
• अर्थ-  संस्कृति से संबंधित।
• भावनात्मक- 
• अर्थ- भावना से संबंधित।

सही उत्तर है- असमानता का भाव मिटा सके। 

• गद्यांश के अनुसार- 
• पाठ्यचर्या को इस प्रकार की शिक्षा की रचना करनी होगी।
• जो असमानता के विरुद्ध संघर्ष कर सके और शिक्षार्थी की सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, भावनात्मक आवश्यकताओं को पूरा कर सके।
• यह तभी होगा जब पाठ्यचर्या में उत्कृष्टता, प्रासंगिकता व समानता हो।

Key Points

• असमानता-
• अर्थ- जो समान ना हो।

Additional Information

• पारंगत-
• अर्थ- पूर्ण जानकार (प्रवीण)।
• सरोकार-
• अर्थ- आपसी व्यवहार का संबंध।

सही उत्तर है- गुणवत्ता।

उत्कृष्टता का समानार्थी है- गुणवत्ता। 

• गद्यांश के अनुसार- 
• पाठ्यचर्या को इस प्रकार की शिक्षा की रचना करनी होगी।
• जो असमानता के विरुद्ध संघर्ष कर सके और शिक्षार्थी की सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, भावनात्मक आवश्यकताओं को पूरा कर सके।
• यह तभी होगा जब पाठ्यचर्या में उत्कृष्टता, प्रासंगिकता व समानता हो।

Key Points

• उत्कृष्टता-
• अर्थ- किसी अच्छी चीज़ में अच्छा होना।
• अन्य पर्यायवाची- उत्तम, उन्नत, श्रेष्ठ, अच्छा, बढ़िया, उम्दा आदि।

Additional Information

• निकृष्टता- 
• अर्थ- अधम, नीच, तुच्छ।
• यह उत्कृष्टता का विलोम शब्द है।
• समानता- 
• अर्थ- समान होने का भाव।
• तुलनीयता- 
• अर्थ- जो तुलना योग्य हो।

The correct answer is: compliant.

Key Points

• The word 'intransigent' refers to someone who is unwilling or refusing to change their views or to agree about something; it describes a person who is very stubborn. (अडिग/हठी)
• Example: The politician remained intransigent despite the pressure from the media to revise his controversial statement.
• 'Compliant' refers to someone who is disposed to agree with others or obey rules, especially to an excessive degree; it implies being flexible or yielding. (आज्ञाकारी/लचीला)
• Example: The company became more compliant with the new safety regulations after the inspection.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'intransigent' is 'compliant'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: compliant.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Capricious (मनमौजी): Given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior.
• Example: The capricious winds made it difficult for the sailors to navigate the ship.
• Dogmatic (हठधर्मी): Inclined to lay down principles as undeniably true, without consideration of others' opinions.
• Example: He has a dogmatic approach to his ideology and refuses to engage in any debate.
• Pompous (आडंबरपूर्ण): Affectedly and irritatingly grand, solemn, or self-important.
• Example: The pompous official insisted on being addressed by his full title at all times.

The correct answer is: Careless.

Key Points

• The word 'meticulous' means showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise in one's work or tasks. (अति सावधान/सूक्ष्म)
• Example: The painter was meticulous in his work, ensuring every brushstroke was perfect for the portrait.
• 'Careless' refers to someone who does not give enough attention or thought to avoiding harm or errors; it is the direct opposite of being meticulous. (लापरवाह)
• Example: He made several careless mistakes on the math test because he was in a hurry to finish.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'meticulous' is 'careless'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Careless.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Theoretical (सैद्धांतिक): Concerned with or involving the theory of a subject rather than its practical application.
• Example: The physics course provides a theoretical framework for understanding quantum mechanics.
• Brief (संक्षिप्त): Something that lasts or takes a very short period of time.
• Example: The manager gave a brief presentation about the quarterly goals during the morning meeting.
• Complex (जटिल): Consisting of many different and connected parts; not easy to analyze or understand.
• Example: The machinery in the factory was so complex that it required specialized training to operate.

The correct answer is: Anomalous.

Key Points

• The word Aberrant refers to something that departs from an accepted standard or is deviating from what is normal, usual, or expected. (असामान्य)
• Example: The aberrant weather conditions led to an unexpected harvest this year.
• Anomalous describes something that deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected; it is a synonym for aberrant. (विसंगत)
• Example: Researchers found anomalous data points that did not align with their initial hypothesis.
• Hence, we can infer that the word meaning the same as Aberrant is Anomalous.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Anomalous.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Frequent (बार-बार होने वाला): Occurring or done many times at short intervals.
• Example: He makes frequent trips to the city for business meetings.
• Frivolous (तुच्छ/छिछोरा): Not having any serious purpose or value.
• Example: The judge dismissed the lawsuit, calling it frivolous and a waste of the court’s time.
• Representative (प्रतिनिधि): Typical of a class, group, or body of opinion.
• Example: The elected representative spoke on behalf of the local community.

The correct answer is '1' i.e. groan .

Key Points

• The sentence refers to a sound that can be heard from miles away, indicating the answer must be related to sound.
• Among the options, "groan" aligns with the context as it denotes a deep, resonant sound, which matches the description of forest sounds.
• The other options—"green," "grain," and "grown"—do not fit the context, as they are unrelated to sound.

Correct sentence: The groan of the forest can be heard from miles away.

Additional Information

• Groan: A deep sound often associated with pain, strain, or resonance in a natural setting.
• Green: Refers to color or vegetation, but does not relate to sound.
• Grain: Refers to seeds or texture, unrelated to sound.
• Grown: Past participle of grow, describing development, not sound.

The correct answer is: Option 3 i.e. heterodox, radical.

Key Points

• The word "heterodox" means contrary to or different from an acknowledged standard, traditional form, or established religion; unorthodox. (प्रचलित मान्यता के विपरीत)
• Example: His heterodox views on education were not accepted by the traditionalists.
• The word "radical" refers to fundamental changes or actions that go to the root of a matter; revolutionary or extreme. (मूलभूत, क्रांतिकारी)
• Example: The government introduced radical reforms to improve the economy.
• In the context of the sentence, "heterodox" aptly describes the judge’s ruling as being unconventional or unorthodox, while "radical" conveys the idea of a significant departure from established legal precedent.
• The judge’s heterodox ruling was a radical departure from legal precedent, signaling a transformative shift in the interpretation of constitutional privacy rights.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 3 i.e. heterodox, radical.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Antediluvian (प्राचीन, पुरातन): Something extremely old-fashioned or out of date.
• Example: Her grandmother's antediluvian beliefs made it hard for her to accept modern technology.
• Negligible (नगण्य, अत्यल्प): So small or unimportant as to be not worth considering.
• Example: The damage caused by the storm was negligible compared to the predictions.
• Orthodox (परंपरागत, रूढ़िवादी): Conforming to established, traditional, or conventional beliefs or practices.
• Example: He follows an orthodox approach to solving mathematical problems.
• Momentous (महत्त्वपूर्ण): Of great importance or significance, especially in its bearing on the future.
• Example: The signing of the peace treaty was a momentous event in world history.
• Whimsical (सनकी, विचित्र): Playfully quaint or fanciful, especially in an appealing and amusing way.
• Example: The artist's whimsical paintings often depict fantastical creatures.
• Trifling (तुच्छ, महत्वहीन): Unimportant or trivial.
• Example: She was annoyed by the trifling interruptions during her work.

The correct answer is 'No error.'

Key Points

• The given sentence has no error, so it is grammatically correct.
• दिए गए वाक्य में कोई त्रुटि नहीं है, इसलिए यह व्याकरणिक रूप से सही है।
• Therefore, the correct answer is 'No error.'
• ​​Correct sentence: Posture refers to how you position your body when you're sitting, standing or lying down.

Additional Information 

• The meaning of the word 'Posture' is the position in which someone holds their body when standing or sitting. ('Posture' शब्द का अर्थ वह स्थिति है जिसमें कोई खड़े या बैठे हुए अपने शरीर को धारण करता है।)
• Example: I got out of the car in an alert posture.

The correct answer is '​availed his hospitality.'

Key Points

• The error lies in part (availed his hospitality) of the sentence.
• The meaning of the phrasal verb 'avail of' is to make use of something.  
• Example*:* So what can Irish bands do to avail of the new possibilities?
• Hence, '​availed his hospitality' should be replaced by '​availed of his hospitality' to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• ​Correct sentence:* Near and distant relations from Dublin availed of his hospitality in a constant procession.*

Additional Information 

• There are three articles: a, an, and the.
• Articles are used before nouns or noun equivalents and are a type of adjective.
• Indefinite article 'a': before a singular noun beginning with a consonant sound whose specific identity is not known
• Indefinite article 'an': before a singular noun beginning with a vowel sound whose specific identity is not known
• Definite article 'the': before a singular or plural noun whose specific identity is known

Hinglish 

• त्रुटि वाक्य के भाग (availed his hospitality) में निहित है।
• Phrasal verb 'avail of' का अर्थ है किसी चीज का उपयोग करना।
• Example*:* So what can Irish bands do to avail of the new possibilities?
• इसलिए, वाक्य को व्याकरणिक रूप से सही बनाने के लिए availed his hospitality को ​availed of his hospitality द्वारा प्रतिस्थापित किया जाना चाहिए।

The marked answer is "if you like it or not".

Key Points

• The sentence given is: "We are going for a swim in the Ganga if you like it or not."
• The correct way to approach this is to look at each segment closely to identify any grammatical errors.
• "We are going" – this is the subject and auxiliary verb of the sentence, and it is grammatically correct.
• "if you like it or not" – this segment should rather use the conjunction "whether" than "if", since "whether" is used to express a choice or doubt between alternatives.
• "If" is used to talk about a possible situation or to introduce a condition.
• Here, there is no condition being stated, rather it's the assertion that an action will take place regardless of preference.
• Therefore, it should be "whether you like it or not".
• "for a swim in the Ganga" – this is the rest of the predicate giving more context, it is a prepositional phrase giving more detail about the action, and it is grammatically correct.
• Given this detailed evaluation, the segment with the grammatical error is: "if you like it or not." which should be "whether you like it or not."

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct answer is: Option (4) i.e. Fixing a small problem promptly prevents it from becoming a bigger issue.

Key Points

• The proverb 'A stitch in time saves nine' suggests that taking immediate action to deal with a problem or error while it is still small will prevent it from becoming much larger and more difficult to deal with later. (वक्त पर की गई थोड़ी सी मरम्मत बाद के बड़े खर्च और मेहनत को बचा लेती है)
• Example: I noticed a small leak in the roof and fixed it immediately, knowing that a stitch in time saves nine.
• The phrase 'Fixing a small problem promptly prevents it from becoming a bigger issue' accurately describes the essence of the proverb, emphasizing proactive maintenance and timely intervention. (किसी छोटी समस्या को तुरंत ठीक करने से वह बाद में बड़ी समस्या बनने से बच जाती है)
• Example: Addressing the minor software bug today is essential because fixing a small problem promptly prevents it from becoming a bigger issue for the users later.
• Hence, we can infer that the correct meaning of the proverb is represented by Option (4).

Therefore, the correct answer is- Fixing a small problem promptly prevents it from becoming a bigger issue.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• It is always better to be early than late in any situation (किसी भी परिस्थिति में देर से पहुंचने से बेहतर है कि समय से पहले पहुंचा जाए): This refers to punctuality and is often associated with the proverb 'The early bird catches the worm'.
• Example: He arrived at the station thirty minutes before the train was due because it is always better to be early than late.
• Saving time is important for achieving success in life and work (जीवन और कार्य में सफलता प्राप्त करने के लिए समय की बचत करना महत्वपूर्ण है): This focuses on time management and efficiency as keys to success.
• Example: The manager emphasized that saving time is important for achieving success in meeting our project deadlines.
• Working hard consistently ensures that one can overcome difficulties eventually (लगातार कठिन परिश्रम यह सुनिश्चित करता है कि व्यक्ति अंततः कठिनाइयों पर विजय पा सके): This highlights perseverance and the value of steady effort over time.
• Example: Despite several failures, he kept practicing, believing that working hard consistently ensures that one can overcome difficulties eventually.

The correct answer is Option (1) i.e. 'It is better to take a little that you can get than to risk having nothing at all.'

Key Points

• The proverb 'Half a loaf is better than none' means that it is better to accept less than what you originally wanted than to have nothing at all. (कुछ न होने से थोड़ा होना बेहतर है)
• Example: I wanted a full scholarship, but I accepted the partial one because half a loaf is better than none.
• The phrase 'It is better to take a little that you can get than to risk having nothing at all' suggests being practical and accepting a smaller portion or a lesser deal rather than risking total loss. (जो कुछ मिल सके उसे लेना बेहतर है, बजाय इसके कि सब कुछ खोने का जोखिम उठाया जाए)
• Example: The company offered a small settlement, and the lawyer advised his client to take it, as it is better to take a little than to risk having nothing at all in court.
• Hence, we can infer that the correct meaning of the proverb is to value what is available over the risk of having nothing.

Therefore, the correct answer is- It is better to take a little that you can get than to risk having nothing at all.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• It is better to give up entirely than to settle for something small (कुछ छोटे के लिए समझौता करने के बजाय पूरी तरह से हार मान लेना बेहतर है): This represents an all-or-nothing attitude which contradicts the proverb.
• Example: He refused the junior position because he felt it was better to give up entirely than to settle for something small.
• It is better to wait for the full amount than to accept less (कम स्वीकार करने के बजाय पूरी राशि का इंतजार करना बेहतर है): This emphasizes patience for a complete reward rather than settling for what is immediate.
• Example: The investor decided it was better to wait for the full amount of profit than to accept less by selling the shares early.
• It is better to go out and take a risk than to sit at home quietly (घर पर चुपचाप बैठने के बजाय बाहर जाना और जोखिम उठाना बेहतर है): This encourages boldness and taking initiative rather than being passive.
• Example: To grow your business, it is better to go out and take a risk than to sit at home quietly and wait for customers.

The correct answer is '3' i.e. sycophants .

Key Points

• The given sentence contains the word sychopants, which is incorrectly spelled.
• The correct spelling for the word is sycophants, which refers to people who flatter someone in authority for personal gain.
• Among the options, Option 3 has the correct spelling, "sycophants."

Correct sentence: The office was full of sycophants eager to flatter the boss.

Additional Information

• Meaning of Sycophant: A person who acts obsequiously toward someone important in order to gain advantage.
• Example Usage: "She surrounded herself with sycophants who praised her every decision."

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

• The misspelled word in the given options is 'Mortage'.
• The correct spelling is 'Mortgage'.
• The word 'Mortgage' is a noun that refers to a legal agreement by which a bank or creditor lends money in exchange for taking the title of the debtor's property. (बंधक)
• Example Sentence: She took out a mortgage to buy her first house.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Mortage'.

Additional Information

Let's understand the meanings of the correctly spelled words:

• Inflation - A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money. (मुद्रास्फीति)
• Vigorous - Strong, healthy, and full of energy. (ऊर्जावान)
• Etiquette - The customary code of polite behavior in society. (शिष्टाचार)

The correct answer is 'Children must generally complete their homework by the evening'.

Key Points

• The above sentence is in passive voice since it emphasizes the action or object of the sentence.
• The above sentence is an assertive sentence since it is of the form: subject (Homework) + modal (must) + adverb of frequency (generally) + helping verb (be) + main verb (completed) + object (children) + remaining clause.
• The way in which an assertive sentence is converted into its active voice is:
• subject (object of passive voice) + modal + adverb of frequency + Ist form of the main verb + object (subject of the active voice) + remaining clause.
• The determiner 'their' can be added before 'homework'.
• The tense remains the same as the passive voice.
• Here, modal 'must' with simple past tense is used.

Additional Information​

• Remember to place the adverb of frequency as close to the verb as possible.
• Only sentences with the transitive verb can be converted into passive voice and not the ones with an intransitive verb.
• A transitive verb needs an object to complete its meaning. For example: He answered the questions confidently. (subject + verb + object)
• The intransitive verb does not have an object. For example: He answered confidently. (subject + verb)
  

Correct sentence: "Children must generally complete their homework by the evening".

The correct answer is Was the homework completed by Sarah?

Key Points

Let us have a look at the type and tense of the given statement.

• The given statement is an Interrogative statement in the simple past tense beginning with Did.
• Sarah is the subject and homework is the object.
• In passive voice, the subject and the object interchange.
• Also, do, does, did change to is/are/am/was/were.
• The tense and the meaning of the statement do not change in the passive voice.

Hence, the correct answer is Was the homework completed by Sarah?

Additional Information

Sentences can generally be divided into the following four types:

• Declarative sentence: It tells us something.
• Examples: Rita likes reading, Shivani loves music, Geeta goes to school, etc.
• Interrogative sentence: It asks something.
• Examples: Does Rita like reading? , Does Shivani Love music?, Does Geeta go to school? etc.
• Imperative sentence: It commands something.
• Examples: Place the book on the table, Fetch me a pail of water, Please be seated, etc.
• Exclamatory sentence: It expresses a state of mind like surprise, sorrow, joy, wonder, etc
• Examples: Hurray! We have won the match (joy), Alas! I failed the exam (sorrow), etc.

The correct answer is 'I know that him joining'.

Key Points

• The error is in the use of 'him' in the given sentence.
• It’s written 'him joining' while we know that before a gerund, a possessive pronoun comes.
• So it should be 'his joining'.
  

Correct Sentence: I know that his joining the organization will strengthen the resolve of our organization.

Additional Information 

• 'His' is the possessive (also called the genitive) form of the pronoun 'he'.
• 'Him' is the objective (also called the accusative) form of the pronoun 'he.

The erroneous part is 'at joy'

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the usage of 'at joy' is incorrect instead of this we need to use 'for joy'
• "Jump for joy" is a phrase that means 'to be extremely happy'
• Let's see an example-
• "So how did Thomas take the news?" "He didn't exactly jump for joy."

So the correct sentence is- The children jumped for joy when they saw the slides in the park.

The correct answer is "ourselves".

Key Points

Let us understand the implication of the correct pronoun:

• Ourselves: Being the reflexive version of we, "ourselves" is a reflexive pronoun. It can be used as an object referring to the same individuals who are the sentence's topic or who are alluded to elsewhere in the sentence.
• Example: The teacher asked us some questions about ourselves.
• We all enjoyed ourselves at the marriage ceremony.
• The term "pronoun" refers to a word or phrase that serves to replace a noun or noun phrase, also referred to as the "pronoun's antecedent."
• Pronouns are one of the sentence's basic building blocks since they are short words that can perform all of the functions of nouns.
• Example: He, she, you, me, I, we, us, this, them
• Thus, the correct pronoun for the given sentence is "ourselves".
• Therefore, the complete sentence is: We finished the work, all by ourselves.

Additional Information

Let's understand the implication of the remaining options:

The correct solution is 'understand'.

Key Points

• Conditional sentences are statements discussing known factors or hypothetical situations and their consequences.
• In the sentence given above, we have to choose a word which best expresses the usage of grammar.
• We don't use don't/not with unless.
• The most appropriate answer would be 'understand'. 
• The sentence would become, 'We won't be able to use grammar correctly unless you understand it.'
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is Option 1)

Key Points

• Primary Component Mentioned: The passage explicitly states "The primary component to start with is surveillance" in the context of facial recognition technology.
• Emphasis on Surveillance: Surveillance is highlighted as the primary and foremost application of face recognition technology in the passage.
• Application Detail: Surveillance includes catching burglars, thieves, and other trespassers, which underscores its importance in the passage.
• Governmental Use: The passage also mentions that face recognition helps find terrorists or other criminals, reinforcing surveillance as a key component.
• Explicit Introduction: The phrase "The primary component to start with" directly addresses the question of what the main component is.
• Foundational Role: Surveillance serves as a foundational role in the deployment and utility of face recognition technology as outlined in the passage.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Additional Information

• Verification: While important, it is mentioned as a benefit, not the central primary component.
• Identification: This is a broader function and not specifically identified as the primary component.
• Locking: This is mentioned as one of the uses of facial identification but not the primary one.

The correct answer is  Option 3)

Key Points

• Central Theme: The passage primarily discusses the technology and applications of facial recognition.
• Specific Focus: The detailed explanation of various factors used in face recognition, like jawline length, cheekbones, and eye sockets, signifies that the main focus is on face recognition.
• Technological Context: The technology mentioned (AI) and its applications (unlocking phones, surveillance, identifying terrorists) are all revolving around facial recognition.
• Repeated Mention: "Facial recognition" is consistently mentioned throughout the passage, indicating it is the main subject.
• Advantages and Use Cases: Discussing advantages for agencies, surveillance, and governmental uses further highlights that the core discussion is about facial recognition.
• Verification Process: The quick and successful verification process detailed in the passage underscores the utility and efficiency of facial recognition technology.

Additional Information

• Hacking and Safety: This is not about hacking, and safety is only a minor theme.
• AI interface: Though AI is involved, the passage focuses specifically on facial recognition rather than AI interfaces in general.
• Human Face: The passage is not about the human face in general but about recognizing it through technology.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

The correct answer is Option 2)

Key Point

• Passage Content: The passage mentions specific factors used in facial recognition: "jawline length, the form of the cheekbones, eye sockets depth."
• Omission: The phrase "face shape" is not explicitly mentioned in the passage.
• Specific Factors: The passage explicitly lists jawline length, the form of the cheekbones, and eye sockets depth as recognized factors.
• Contextual Accuracy: "Face shape" could be a general term encompassing multiple aspects, but the passage specifies particular features.
• Precision Requirement: The question asks for factors not recognized, and since "face shape" isn't listed, it fits this criteria.
• Inclusive Factors: The factors listed in the passage help specify the technology's focus, and "face shape" as a general term is not part of this specific list.

Additional Information

• Jawline length: Mentioned as a recognized factor.
• Cheekbones structure: Mentioned as "the form of the cheekbones," thus a recognized factor.
• Eye sockets: Mentioned as "eye sockets depth," thus a recognized factor.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

The correct answer is Option 4)

Key Points

• Meaning: The word "moderate" means reasonable, average, or not extreme, which is the opposite of excessive.
• Contextual Fit: In the context provided, the term “excessive” would imply something beyond what is necessary, whereas "moderate" would imply a balanced or controlled amount.
• Antonym Accuracy: "Moderate" directly contrasts with "excessive," which means more than necessary or beyond the limit.
• Usage Frequency: "Moderate" is commonly used as an antonym to "excessive" in both daily language and formal writing.
• Synonyms Verification: Synonyms for excessive include extreme, extravagant, and over the top, all of which can be balanced with the concept of moderation.
• Logical Opposite: Excessive implies going beyond normal limits, while moderate implies staying within reasonable limits, making it the most logical antonym.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Additional Information

• Accurate: Does not effectively serve as an antonym for excessive.
• Lavish: Is a closer synonym to excessive rather than an antonym.
• Extreme: Is a synonym of excessive, not an antonym.

The correct answer is- 'Sanguine'

Key Points 

• let's look at the meaning of the given word and the correct answer.
• Optimistic (adjective): hoping or believing that good things will happen in the future. (आशा करना या विश्वास करना कि भविष्य में अच्छी चीजें होंगी।)
• ​Example: She is optimistic about her chances of winning a gold medal.
• Sanguine(adjective): Optimistic or positive, especially in an apparently bad or difficult situation. (आशावादी या सकारात्मक, विशेष रूप से स्पष्ट रूप से बुरी या कठिन स्थिति में।)
• Example: They are less sanguine about the prospects for peace.
  

Hence, the word Sanguine is the most appropriate synonym for Optimistic.

Additional Information   

• Let's explore the meaning of other options:
• Pessimistic(adjective):  thinking that bad things are more likely to happen or emphasizing the bad part of a situation. (यह सोचना कि बुरी चीजें होने की संभावना अधिक होती है या किसी स्थिति के बुरे हिस्से पर जोर देना।)
• Example: The tone of the meeting was very pessimistic.
• Uncaring(adjective): not worrying about other people's troubles or doing anything to help them. (दूसरे लोगों की परेशानियों के बारे में चिंता न करना या उनकी मदद के लिए कुछ भी नहीं करना।)
• Example: The charity criticized the city for its "callous, uncaring attitude" to the homeless.
• Carefree(adjective): having no problems or not being worried about anything. (कोई समस्या न होना या किसी बात की चिंता न होना।)
• Example: I remember my carefree student days.

The correct answer is '3' i.e. King Midas asked his daughter to take her breakfast and bring a few roses from the garden .

Key Points

• In indirect speech, the tense and pronouns are changed appropriately.
• The pronoun "her" is used in indirect speech as King Midas was addressing his daughter.
• The verb "bring" remains unchanged as it is part of the instruction.
• The correct option reflects both the instruction of taking breakfast and bringing roses accurately.

Correct sentence: King Midas asked his daughter to take her breakfast and bring a few roses from the garden.

Additional Information

• Direct Speech: The original statement is quoted exactly as spoken by the speaker.
• Indirect Speech: The statement is paraphrased while maintaining the original meaning, with changes in tense, pronouns, and word order where necessary.

The Correct answer is Option 4. 

Key Points

• Lakshadweep is the smallest Union Territory of India in terms of area, covering only 32 square kilometers. It is an archipelago of 36 islands located in the Arabian Sea.

The correct answer is 'Khan Bahadur'

Key Points

• Khan Bahadur:
• Khan Bahadur was a prominent leader during the Revolt of 1857 in Bareilly, which was a significant center of rebellion in northern India.
• He played a pivotal role in uniting local forces to resist British rule and became a symbol of the uprising in the region.
• Under his leadership, Bareilly saw fierce resistance against the British, as he mobilized the local population, including soldiers and civilians, to fight for independence.
• Khan Bahadur’s efforts were part of the broader revolt, which sought to overthrow British control and restore native rule, particularly under the Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah II.
• While the revolt in Bareilly was ultimately suppressed, Khan Bahadur's leadership remains a significant chapter in India's struggle against colonial oppression.

Additional Information

• Kunwar Singh:
• Kunwar Singh was a prominent leader of the revolt in Bihar, particularly in the region of Jagdishpur.
• He was a zamindar (landowner) who led a successful campaign against the British and became a key figure in the rebellion in eastern India.
• However, Kunwar Singh was not associated with the revolt in Bareilly, as his activities were concentrated in Bihar.
• Tantia Tope:
• Tantia Tope was one of the most skilled military leaders of the 1857 revolt and a close associate of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi.
• He is best known for his guerrilla warfare tactics and his campaigns in central India.
• His contributions were significant in regions like Gwalior and Kanpur, but he had no direct role in the revolt in Bareilly.
• Maulavi Ahmadullah:
• Maulavi Ahmadullah was a key leader in the revolt in the Awadh region, particularly in Faizabad.
• He was known for his deep understanding of military strategy and his efforts to mobilize both Hindus and Muslims against British rule.
• While his contributions were significant, he did not lead the revolt in Bareilly, as his focus was primarily on Awadh.

Important Points

• The Revolt of 1857, also known as the First War of Independence, was a widespread but ultimately unsuccessful uprising against British rule in India.
• It was triggered by multiple factors, including resentment against British policies, economic exploitation, and cultural interference.
• Different leaders emerged across various regions, reflecting the localized nature of the revolt, with figures like Khan Bahadur, Kunwar Singh, Tantia Tope, and others leading the charge in their respective areas.
• The revolt had a profound impact on Indian society and politics, eventually leading to significant changes in British governance, including the end of East India Company rule and the establishment of direct Crown control over India.

Concept- 

Vitamin E is also known as an anti-sterility vitamin.

Explanation-

• The basic structure of Vitamin E is composed of eight tocopherols in that α-tocopherol is very common.
• Vitamin E is an antioxidant that prevents the nonenzymatic oxidation of cells with the process of molecular oxygen and free radicals.
• Vitamin E was discovered by Evans and Bishop and earlier it was called an “anti-sterility factor X” which is important for reproduction.
• It is found in edible oils and nuts also in wheat, rice bran, barley, oat, coconut, palm, and annatto.
• It is a fat-soluble vitamin that is also known as Tocopherol.
• It is called anti sterility vitamin because it preserves the germinal epithelial of gonads for reproduction function.
• Endogenous antioxidants of Vitamin E, play important roles within the placenta and also for the protection of trophoblast cells.

Additional InformationVitamin K- is helpful for blood clotting.

Vitamin C- It enhances immunity.

Vitamin A- It is important for vision.

Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Bose founded the Indian association. The objectives of this Association were "promoting by every legitimate means the political, intellectual and material advancement of the people". The Association attracted educated Indians and civic leaders from all parts of the country, and became an important forum for India's aspirations for independence. It later merged with the Indian National Congress.

• The sixth schedule contains Provisions as to the Administration of Tribal Areas in the States of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram.
• If there are different Scheduled Tribes in an autonomous district, the Governor may, by public notification, divide the area or areas inhabited by them into autonomous regions.

Mistake Points

• SI unit of conductance is ohm-1 (mho) or ohm per meter or seimens.
• Here given ohm meter which is wrong

CONCEPT:

• Electrical conductance (K): The reciprocal of electrical resistance is called conductance.
• It is a measure of how easily current can flow through a material.
• Its SI unit is Siemens.

Electrical conductance (K) = 1/R 

• Electrical resistance (R): The electrical resistance of a material refers to its opposition to the flow of current.
• Its SI unit is Ohm (Ω).

EXPLANATION:

The SI unit of conductance = 1/ (The SI unit of resistance) = 1/Ω = Ω^-1 = Siemens. Hence option 2 is correct.

• Ohm is the SI unit of resistance.
• Ampere is the SI unit of current.
• Ohm-meter is the SI unit of electrical resistivity which is the measure of an object's ability to oppose the flow of current.

The correct answer is 19(1)(f)

Key Points

• The right to Property was indeed a fundamental right in the Indian Constitution.
• It was enshrined under Article 19 (1) (f) and Article 31.
• The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 brought about significant changes.
• It abolished the right to property as a Fundamental Right by repealing the relevant articles from Part III of the Constitution. Instead, the amendment introduced a new provision:
• Article 300A, which falls under the heading ‘Right to Property’ in Part XII.
• While the property right still exists as a legal or constitutional right, it is no longer considered a fundamental right and is not part of the Constitution’s basic structure.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Gujarat.

Key Points

• Bhavai is a traditional folk theatre form originating from Gujarat, India.
• It is primarily performed in the Gujarati language and has deep roots in the cultural heritage of the state.
• Bhavai is a blend of music, dance, and drama, often used to convey social messages and entertain audiences.
• The performances traditionally take place in open-air settings and are known for their satirical and humorous elements.
• Bhavai traces its origins back to the 14th century and is associated with the religious and social practices of Gujarat.

Additional Information

• Traditional Elements of Bhavai:
• Bhavai performances often include mythological narratives, folk tales, and humorous skits.
• It is performed by a group of male artists known as Bhavaiyas.
• Actors use minimal props and rely heavily on their expressions, gestures, and dialogues.
• Costumes and Makeup:
• Performers wear colorful and vibrant costumes with minimalistic makeup to enhance their expressions.
• Male actors often play female roles, showcasing their versatility in acting.
• Social Relevance of Bhavai:
• Bhavai often addresses social issues, such as discrimination, poverty, and the importance of moral values.
• The satirical and entertaining nature of the performances makes it accessible and engaging for audiences.
• Famous Bhavai Artists:
• Prominent Bhavai artists include Jasraj Joshi and other performers who have preserved this art form.

• UNCTAD is the principal organ of the UN General Assembly dealing with trade, investment, and development issues.
• The organization's goals are to  "maximize the trade, investment and development opportunities of developing countries and assist them in their efforts to integrate into the world economy on an equitable basis”.
• The headquarters of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development is located in the Palace of Nations (United Nations Office at Geneva, Switzerland).

• Pulakesin I was the founder of the Chalukya dynasty. He established a small kingdom with Badami as its capital.
• The family of Western Chalukyas had its offshoots like the Eastern Chalukyas of Vengi and the Chalukyas of Kalyani.
• Narasimhavarman I was also known as Mamalla, which means ‘great wrestler’.
• Kirtivarman II was the last of the rulers of the Chalukyas. He was defeated by Dantidurga, the founder of the Rashtrakuta dynasty.

The correct answer is Glasgow.

In News

• The 2026 Commonwealth Games will be held in Glasgow, Scotland.

Key Points

• Several major sports like hockey, shooting, cricket, badminton, and wrestling have been dropped from the 2026 edition to limit costs and streamline logistics.
• The event will be held at four venues across Glasgow, with fewer sports compared to previous editions to keep the Games budget-friendly.
• The Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) aims to deliver a sustainable, flexible, and cost-effective Games model for the future.

Additional Information

• Glasgow last hosted the Commonwealth Games in 2014, and the city will now host the 2026 edition.
• The decision to host the Games in Glasgow came after the Australian state of Victoria withdrew as the host due to rising costs.
• The 2026 Games will include athletics, swimming, gymnastics, cycling, and other sports but exclude hockey, shooting, and wrestling, among others.

Begumpuri Mosque is like a twin to its counterpart at Jama Masjid, similar in size but completely opposite in its present state to the Old Delhi mosque which is still in use.

• Begumpuri mosque, built in the reign of Muhammad Tughluq, was the main mosque of Jahanpanah, the “Sanctuary of the World”, his new capital in Delhi.

Confusion Points

• Similar to the Khirki Mosque nearby in its architectural motifs, there’s a debate as to whether the mosque was built during Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq’s or his successor, Firoz Shah's reign.
• Many evidence pointing more towards the latter as Juna Shah (Firoz Shah’s prime minister), who had constructed many mosques with similar architectural motifs (Khirki being one).
• However, in NCERT Muhammad Tughluq is been mentioned, thus, we will consider Muhammad Tughluq as the correct answer.

The correct answer is Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary.

Key Points

• The Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the southern edge of Delhi and the northern part of Haryana, covering parts of the Delhi Ridge, which is a part of the Aravalli Hill Range.
• It is one of the last surviving natural ecosystems in the Delhi NCR region and is critical for biodiversity conservation and maintaining ecological balance.
• The sanctuary is known for its diverse flora and fauna, including leopards, jackals, nilgai, porcupines, and over 190 species of birds.
• The Delhi Ridge, to which the sanctuary belongs, is often referred to as the "green lungs" of Delhi, as it plays a crucial role in controlling air pollution and maintaining groundwater levels.
• Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary is also a popular spot for environmental education, nature walks, and bird-watching activities.

Additional Information

• Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary:
• Located in Jhajjar district, Haryana, Bhindawas is a man-made freshwater wetland and bird sanctuary.
• It is recognized as a Ramsar site and is a haven for migratory birds, with more than 265 species recorded.
• The sanctuary is significant for bird conservation and is an important stopover for migratory birds.
• Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary:
• Situated in Rewari district, Haryana, the Nahar Wildlife Sanctuary is a small forest area with rich biodiversity.
• It is home to species such as blackbucks, nilgai, peacocks, and various reptiles and birds.
• Abubshahar Wildlife Sanctuary:
• Located in Sirsa district, Haryana, this sanctuary is known for its dry deciduous forests and grasslands.
• It is home to numerous species, including blackbucks, nilgai, wild boars, and various bird species.
• Delhi Ridge and its Importance:
• The Delhi Ridge is a part of the Aravalli Hill Range and serves as a natural green barrier, protecting Delhi from desertification.
• It is divided into four zones—Northern Ridge, Central Ridge, South-Central Ridge, and Southern Ridge (where the Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary is located).
• It plays a critical role in maintaining the ecological balance of Delhi NCR by controlling pollution and acting as a groundwater recharge zone.

The correct answer is M1 and M2.

Key Points

• Narrow money (M1) includes the most liquid forms of money supply, which are easily convertible into cash.
• M1 consists of currency in circulation, demand deposits with the banking system, and other deposits with the RBI.
• M2 includes all components of M1 plus savings deposits with post office savings banks.
• M2 is a broader measure than M1 but still considered part of narrow money as it includes highly liquid assets.

Additional Information

• M3 and M4 are broader measures of money supply, including M1 and M2 respectively, along with other components like time deposits.
• Broad money refers to the total money supply, which includes both narrow money and other types of deposits that are less liquid.
• Currency in circulation consists of coins and paper money that are used for transactions within the economy.
• Demand deposits are funds held in bank accounts that can be withdrawn at any time without prior notice.
• Post office savings are savings accounts managed by postal services, offering a secure place for individuals to save money.

The correct answer is 'Vindhyasakti'.

Key PointsVakataka dynasty

• This dynasty was founded in 255 AD by Vindhya Shakti.
• The most famous ruler of this dynasty was King Pravarasena I.
• During his reign, he assumed the title of emperor and organized four Ashwamedha Yagyas.
• The Vakatakas were in favour of the Brahmin religion. They were Brahmin and hence gave a lot of land grants to the Brahmins.
• Culturally, the Vakataka state acted as an important bridge in the development of the ideals of Brahmin religion and social institutions to the south.

Thus, the correct answer is Vindhyasakti

Minimum age prescribed for a candidate to stand for the election of Vice President of India is 35 years.

The correct answer is Uranium.

Key Points

• Uranium
• It is a silvery-white metallic chemical element in the periodic table, with atomic number 92.
• It is assigned the chemical symbol U. A uranium atom has 92 protons and 92 electrons, of which 6 are valence electrons.
• Uranium has the highest atomic weight (19 kg m) of all naturally occurring elements. Hence, Option 4 is correct.
• The heaviest element discovered is Ununoctium or Organesson with atomic number 118 but it is man-made.
• The heaviest naturally occurring element is Uranium with atomic number 92 and atomic weight 238 gm.
• The repulsive force of 118's positively charged protons put enormous pressure on the nucleus, and it lasted for a little under a millisecond before splitting itself into lighter nuclei.

Additional Information

• Copper
• It is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29.
• It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity.
• A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pinkish-orange color.
• Iron
• It is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26.
• It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table.
• It is, by mass, the most common element on Earth, right in front of oxygen, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core.
• Silver
• It is a chemical element with the symbol Ag and atomic number 47.
• A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal.

The correct answer is India and Sri Lanka.

Key Points

• The ICC Men’s T20 World Cup 2026 is scheduled to be the tenth edition of the biennial Twenty20 International (T20I) tournament played by men's national teams and organized by the International Cricket Council (ICC).
• It was officially confirmed that India and Sri Lanka will co-host the event, which is expected to take place in February and March 2026.
• Both India and Sri Lanka have secured automatic qualification for the tournament by virtue of being the host nations.
• The 2026 edition will follow the same format as the 2024 tournament, featuring a total of 20 teams competing for the trophy.
• This marks a significant return of the global event to the subcontinent; while India hosted the 2016 edition (and the 2021 edition was hosted by the BCCI in UAE/Oman), Sri Lanka last hosted the tournament in 2012.

Additional Information

• Recent Edition (2024): The ninth edition of the T20 World Cup was co-hosted by the West Indies and the United States in June 2024. India emerged as the champions after defeating South Africa in a thrilling final held at Kensington Oval, Barbados.
• Future Hosts: The ICC has laid out a clear roadmap for future tournaments. The 2028 edition is set to be hosted by Australia and New Zealand, while the 2030 edition will see England, Ireland, and Scotland as co-hosts.
• History of the Tournament: The inaugural ICC World Twenty20 was held in 2007 in South Africa. India won the first-ever title under the leadership of MS Dhoni, defeating Pakistan in the final.
• Governing Body: The International Cricket Council (ICC), headquartered in Dubai, UAE, is the global governing body of cricket. It is responsible for the organization and governance of cricket's major international tournaments, including the ODI World Cup, T20 World Cup, and the World Test Championship.

Important Points

• Qualification Criteria: Apart from the hosts, the top 8 teams from the 2024 T20 World Cup (excluding the hosts) and teams ranked highest in the ICC Men’s T20I Team Rankings as of a specific cut-off date will qualify. The remaining slots are filled through regional qualifiers.
• Tournament Format: The 20 teams are typically divided into four groups of five. The top two teams from each group advance to the Super 8 stage, followed by the semi-finals and the final.
• Impact on Cricket: By hosting the event in India and Sri Lanka, the ICC aims to leverage the massive cricket fan base in South Asia, ensuring high stadium attendance and global viewership numbers.

The correct answer is Debendranath Tagore.

Key Points

• Debendranath Tagore was a prominent figure in the Brahmo Samaj movement, an influential socio-religious reform movement in 19th century Bengal.
• He founded the Tattwabodhini Sabha in 1839 to propagate the ideas of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, particularly focusing on religious and social reforms.
• The Tattwabodhini Sabha played a crucial role in the spread of Brahmo Samaj's ideals and was instrumental in the revival of Vedantic philosophy in Bengal.
• Debendranath Tagore, father of the famous poet Rabindranath Tagore, was an intellectual and a philosopher who contributed significantly to Indian society.

Additional Information

• Brahmo Samaj
• The Brahmo Samaj was a reformist movement of the Hindu religion that appeared during the Bengal Renaissance.
• Founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828, it aimed at reforming the social and religious abuses prevalent in contemporary Hindu society.
• It emphasized the worship of one god, the rejection of the caste system, and the promotion of women’s rights.
• The Brahmo Samaj played a pivotal role in the socio-religious reform movements in India and influenced subsequent reform movements.
• Raja Ram Mohan Roy
• Considered the father of the Indian Renaissance, Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a social and educational reformer who challenged traditional Hindu culture and indicated the lines of progress for Indian society under British rule.
• He founded the Brahmo Samaj, an influential religious and social reform movement in Bengal in 1828.
• He campaigned against practices such as sati, child marriage, and polygamy and promoted widow remarriage.
• His efforts were instrumental in the eventual abolition of the practice of sati by the British Government in 1829.
• Vedanta
• Vedanta is one of the six orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy, focusing on the end part of the Vedas (the Upanishads) and the concepts of Brahman (the ultimate reality) and Atman (the individual soul).
• It emphasizes the idea that the true self (Atman) is identical with the ultimate reality (Brahman).
• The philosophy of Vedanta was revived and popularized in Bengal by figures like Debendranath Tagore and later by Swami Vivekananda.

The correct answer is Punjab

Key Points

• Phulkari is a traditional embroidery art form originating from the state of Punjab in India.
• The word "Phulkari" means "flower work," which refers to the intricate floral patterns embroidered on fabrics.
• Phulkari is often done on shawls, dupattas, and headscarves, using vibrant silk threads on hand-woven cotton fabric.
• This embroidery is known for its detailed and colorful patterns, making it a significant part of Punjabi culture and heritage.

Additional Information

• Phulkari has been passed down through generations and plays an essential role in traditional Punjabi weddings and festivities.
• The art form has gained international recognition and is celebrated for its craftsmanship and cultural significance.
• Efforts are being made to preserve and promote Phulkari, ensuring that this traditional art form continues to thrive.

The correct answer is Red.

Key Points

• The first line of the Delhi Metro, the Red Line, was inaugurated by Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the then Prime Minister of India on 24 December 2002.
• The first segment of the Red Line from Tis Hazari to Shahdara was opened to the public on 25 December 2002.
• Subsequently, other stations were opened in phases, initially between Tis Hazari to Inderlok in 2003, then from Inderlok to Rithala in 2004 and a final eastern extension from Shahdara to Dilshad Garden in 2008.
• As part of the Phase III plan, an eastward extension of 9.5 km from Dilshad Garden to Ghaziabad ISBT (New Bus Stand) was approved by the DMRC and the government in January 2014.
• The construction of the Dilshad Garden to Ghaziabad ISBT line began in early 2015 and commercial operations started on 8 March 2019.

Additional Information

• Yellow Line was the second line of Delhi Metro to be opened in phases after the Red Line and its first section was inaugurated on December 20, 2004.
• The Dwarka-Barakhamba Road section of the Blue line was inaugurated on 31 December 2005.
• The corridor of the Pink Line opened on December 31, 2018.

The correct answer is Champaran.

• Mahatma Gandhi started his first Satyagraha from Champaran.
• Champaran Satyagraha took place in 1917.
• It was to remove the hardships of indigo workers in Champaran exploited by the European colonialist.

Extra facts:

Bardoli Satyagraha:

• It was a peasant uprising in Gujarat led by Vallabhbhai Patel.
• In 1928, Vallabhbhai Patel led the peasant movement in Bardoli, a taluka in Gujarat, against the enhancement of land revenue.
• The struggle was widely publicized and generated immense sympathy in many parts of India.

Kheda Satyagraha:

• The Kheda Satyagraha was launched by Gandhi in support of Peasants.
• In 1918, Mahatma Gandhi launched Satyagraha at Kheda in Gujarat in support of the peasants who were not able to pay the land tax due to the failure of crops.

Ahemdabad Satyagraha:

• In 1918, Mahatma Gandhi undertook a fast unto death for the cause of Ahmedabad mill workers and finally, the mill owners conceded the just demands of the workers.

The correct answer is February 20, 2018.

• World Day of Social Justice is observed every year on 20 February.
• It is observed to promote gender equality, indigenous peoples, and migrants' rights.
• 2020 Theme: “Closing the Inequalities Gap to Achieve Social Justice”.
• International Day of Happiness is observed every year on 20 March.
• The United Nations' (UN) International Day of Peace is celebrated every year on September 21 to recognize the efforts of those who have worked hard to end the conflict and promote peace.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e. Mahi River.

• The Tropic of Cancer is crossed twice by The Mahi River.
• The Mahi River originates from the Vindhya Mountains in Madhya Pradesh.
• The Mahi River falls in the Arabian Sea by the Gulf of Khambhat.
• The Mahi River flows through Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Rajasthan.
• Goa's capital Panaji is on the banks of the Mandvi river.
• Ajmer is on the banks of the Luni River.

• The Laffer Curve is a theory developed by supply-side economist Arthur Laffer to show the relationship between Tax rate and the amount of tax revenue collected by governments.
• The curve is used to illustrate Laffer’s main premise that the more an activity such as production is taxed, the less of it is generated.
• Likewise, the less an activity is taxed, the more of it is generated.

Given:

Speed of Rahul = 9 kmph

Rahul defeated Rohit by 10 seconds

Formula used:

Speed = distance/time

1 m/s = 18/5 kmph

Calculation:

Speed of Rahul = 9 kmph = 9(5/18) m/s = 2.5 m/s

Time taken by Rahul to cover 100 m = 100/2.5 = 40 seconds

⇒ Rohit took 40 + 10 = 50 seconds to complete 100 m

⇒ Speed of Rohit = 100/50 = 2 m/s

2m/s = 2(18/5) kmph = 7.2 kmph

∴ Speed of Rohit is 7.2 kmph

Shortcut Trick Ratio of Selling Prices to their respective Percentage Multipliers: 116.5% ⇒ 466. Unitary method: 1 unit ⇒ 466 ÷ 116.5 = 4. For the new Selling Price of 330: Percentage value = 330 ÷ 4 = 82.5%. Since 82.5% is less than 100%, the Loss Percentage = 100% − 82.5% = 17.5%. ∴ The correct answer is 17.5%.

Alternate Method Given → Profit% = 16.5%, SP1 = Rs. 466, SP2 = Rs. 330. Formulas: CP = SP × 100 ÷ (100 + Profit%) | Loss% = (CP − SP) ÷ CP × 100.

⇒ First, find Cost Price (CP): CP = 466 × 100 ÷ 116.5 ⇒ CP = 466000 ÷ 1165 = Rs. 400. ⇒ New Selling Price (SP2) = Rs. 330. ⇒ Loss = CP − SP2 = 400 − 330 = Rs. 70. ⇒ Loss Percentage = (70 ÷ 400) × 100 = 17.5%. ∴ The correct answer is 17.5%.

Additional Information Cost Price & Selling Price Relationship When SP > CP, it results in Profit. When SP < CP, it results in Loss. The base for calculating both percentage profit and loss is always the Cost Price unless stated otherwise. Profit and Loss Multipliers A profit of x% means SP = CP × (1 + x/100). A loss of y% means SP = CP × (1 − y/100). These multipliers are useful for quick Ratio-Unitary calculations.

Given

A can do a piece of work in 9 days. If B is 50% more efficient than A. 

Concept used 

Total work = Number of days × efficiency

Calculation

B is 50% more efficient than A. 

Ratio of efficiency of A and B

⇒ A : B = 2 : 3

A can do a piece of work in 9 days

Total work = 9 × 2 = 18 units

B can do the work in 

⇒ 18/3 = 6 days.

Given:

The difference between C.I. and S.I. at 5% interest rate is Rs. 25

Formula used:

S.I. = (P × r × t)/100

C.I. = P{1 + (r/100)}^t - P

Here, P → Principal

r →  Rate

t → Time

Calculation:

According to question, we have

{P{1 + (r/100)}t - P} - (P × r × t)/100 = Rs. 25

⇒ {P{1 + (5/100)}2 - P} - (P × 5 × 2)/100 = Rs. 25

⇒ {P(21/20)² - P} - (P/10) = Rs. 25

⇒ {(441P/400) - P} - (P/10) = Rs. 25

⇒ {(441P - 400P)/400} - (P/10) = Rs. 25

⇒ (41P/400) - (P/10) = Rs. 25

⇒ (41P - 40P)/400 = Rs. 25

⇒ P = Rs. (25 × 400)

⇒ P = Rs. 10000

∴ The required sum is Rs. 10000.

Shortcut Trick

The difference between S.I. and C.I. = P × (r%)² 

According to question, we have

 P × (r%)2 = Rs. 25

⇒ P × (5%)² = Rs. 25

⇒ P × (5/100)2 = Rs. 25

⇒ P × (1/20)(1/20) = Rs. 25

⇒  P × (1/400) =  Rs. 25

⇒ P =  Rs. (25 × 400)

⇒ P = Rs. 10000

∴ The required sum is Rs. 10000.

Let the passing marks be P and Maximum marks be M

The student got 24% marks in an exam and he failed by 56 marks

∴ P - 24% of M = 56       ---- (1)

And, 60% of M - P = 70       ---- (2)

Adding equation 1 and 2

36% of M = 126

⇒ M = 12600/36 = 350

∴ The maximum marks for the exam = 350

Shortcut Trick

Relative Speed in m/s = 78 × (5/18) = 65/3 m/s.

Total distance (Train + Platform) = Speed × Time = (65/3) × 27 = 585 m.

Length of Train = Total distance − Platform length = 585 − 450 = 135 m.

∴ The correct answer is 135 m.

Alternate Method

Given: Speed of train = 78 km/hr, Length of platform = 450 m, Time taken = 27 sec.

Formula Used: Distance = Speed × Time; 1 km/hr = 5/18 m/s.

⇒ Speed in m/s = 78 × (5/18) = 13 × (5/3) = 65/3 m/s.

⇒ Total Distance = Length of train (L) + Length of platform (P).

⇒ L + 450 = (65/3) × 27

⇒ L + 450 = 65 × 9

⇒ L + 450 = 585

⇒ L = 585 − 450 = 135 m.

∴ The correct answer is 135 m.

Additional Information

Unit Conversion

To convert km/hr to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/hr, multiply by 18/5.

Train Crossing Objects

When a train crosses a stationary object with length (platform, bridge, or another train), the total distance covered is the sum of their lengths.

Relative Speed

For two objects moving in the same direction, relative speed = S₁ − S₂. In the opposite direction, relative speed = S₁ + S₂.

Given:

Cost price = Rs. 200

Gain% = 35%

Discount % = 25%

Formula Used:

Marked price = Selling price × 100/(100 - discount%)

Selling price = Cost price × (100 + gain%)/100

Calculation:

Selling price = 200 × (100 + 35 )/100 = Rs.270

Marked price = 270 × 100/(100 - 25 ) = Rs.360

∴ The price should a shopkeeper mark on a product is Rs.360.

Shortcut Trick

Marked price =  200 × (100 + 35 )/100 × 100/(100 - 25 ) = Rs.360

∴ The price should a shopkeeper mark on a product is Rs.360.

Given

A, B and C can complete a piece of work in 24, 6 and 12 days respectively.

Concept used

Total work = Number of days × efficiency

Calculation

Total work : Lcm of (24, 6 and 12)

Total work = 24 unit

Efficiency of A = 24/24 = 1 unit

Efficiency of B = 24/6 = 4 unit

Efficiency of C = 24/12 = 2 unit

Together they do work in 

⇒ (\frac{{24}}{{1 + 4 + 2}})

∴ (3\dfrac{3}{7}) days.

Given:

Let 'a' be the side of square, l be the length and b be the breadth of the rectangle

The area of a square and a rectangle are equal ⇒ a² = l × b

The length of the rectangle is greater than the side of square by 9 cm and its breadth is less than the side of square by 6 cm

⇒ l = a + 9

⇒ b = a – 6

Formula used:

Area of Square = side²

Area of Rectangle = length × breadth

Perimeter of Rectangle = 2 × (length + breadth)

Calculation:

According to the question,

Area of Square = Area of Rectangle

⇒ a² = l × b

⇒ a² = (a + 9) × (a – 6)

⇒ a² = a² – 6a + 9a – 54

⇒ 3a = 54

⇒ a = 18

⇒ l = 18 + 9 = 27 and b = 18 – 6 = 12

Perimeter of the Rectangle = 2 × (length + breadth)

Perimeter of the Rectangle = 2 × (27 + 12) = 78 cm

∴ The correct answer is 78 cm.

Given

The average of 5 consecutive numbers is 62

Concept used

Consecutive numbers are those numbers  whose common difference is 1

Calculation

Let the numbers be x, x + 1, x + 2, x + 3, x + 4

⇒ Sum of consecutive numbers are x + x +1 + x + 2 + x + 3 + x + 4

⇒ 5x + 10

According to question

⇒ (5x + 10)/5 = 62

⇒ 5x + 10 = 310

⇒ 5x = 300

⇒ x = 60

⇒ Numbers are 60, 61, 62, 63, 64

⇒ Smaller and largest number are 60 and 64

∴ The average of smaller and largest umber (60 + 64)/2 is 62

Whenever in question the average of consecutives number is given

That means medium number is given

60, 61, 62, 63, 64

∴ 60 is smallest number and 64 is largest number

Now we can calculate average of smaller and largest

Shortcut Trick

Find the Inner radius (r) using Area = 12474 ⇒ r = √(12474 × 7/22) = 63 m.

For a path of width (w) around a circle, Path Area = πw(2r + w).

Path Area = (22/7) × 3.5 × (2 × 63 + 3.5) = 11 × 129.5 = 1424.5 m².

∴ The correct answer is 1424.5 m².

Alternate Method

Given:

Area of the circular park (A_inner) = 12474 m²

Width of the path (w) = 3.5 m

Formula Used:

Area of circle = πr²

Area of path = πR² − πr² = π(R² − r²)

Calculations:

⇒ πr² = 12474

⇒ (22/7) × r² = 12474

⇒ r² = (12474 × 7) / 22 = 567 × 7 = 3969

⇒ r = √3969 = 63 m

⇒ Outer radius (R) = r + width = 63 + 3.5 = 66.5 m

⇒ Area of Path = π(R² − r²) = π(R + r)(R − r)

⇒ Area of Path = (22/7) × (66.5 + 63) × (66.5 − 63)

⇒ Area of Path = (22/7) × 129.5 × 3.5

⇒ Area of Path = 22 × 129.5 × 0.5 = 11 × 129.5 = 1424.5 m²

∴ The correct answer is 1424.5 m².

Additional Information

Area of Annulus (Ring)

The region between two concentric circles is called an annulus. Its area is given by π(R² − r²), where R is the outer radius and r is the inner radius.

Circumference of Circle

The total boundary length of a circle is calculated as 2πr, where r is the radius of the circle.

Relation between Radius and Area

If the radius of a circle is multiplied by a factor 'k', then its Area is multiplied by k² and its Circumference is multiplied by k.

Given:

90% of 'P' = 30% of 'Q'

Concept used:

Ratio and proportion

Calculation:

9P/10 = 3Q/10

⇒ 3P = Q

⇒ P/Q = 1/3

⇒ P : Q = 1 : 3

Now, we have Q' = 'X' % of 'P'

⇒ 3 = X% of 1

⇒ 3 = X/100

⇒ X = 100

∴ The value 'X' is 300

Concept:

The largest common factor of two or more numbers is called the highest common factor.

The smallest positive number that is a multiple of two or more numbers is called Least common multiple

Formula Used:

LCM × HCF = Product of two number

Calculation:

Let the number be a and b

LCM × HCF = a × b

⇒ a × b = 150     ---- (1)

Given than,

⇒ a + b = 25     ----(2)

Taking square on both sides,

⇒ (a + b)² = 25²

⇒ a² + b² + 2ab = 625

⇒ a2 + b2 + 2(150) = 625

⇒ a2 + b2 = 625 – 300 = 325      ----(3)

(a – b)² = a² + b² – 2ab 

⇒ (a – b)2 = 325 – 2(150)

⇒ (a – b)2 = 325 – 300 = 25

⇒ a – b = 5      ----(4)

Adding equation (2) and (4),we get,

⇒ a + b + a – b = 25 + 5

⇒ 2a = 30

⇒ a = 30/2 = 15

Substituting a = 15, in equation (4)

⇒ a – b = 5,

⇒ 15 – b = 5

⇒ b = 15 – 5 = 10 

∴ required difference of these two numbers = 15 – 10 = 5

GIVEN:

Marked Price = 1200

Discount = 31%

Profit = 15%

FORMULA USED:

Selling Price = Marked Price (1 – discount%/100)

Selling Price = Cost Price (1 + Profit%/100)

CALCULATION:

∵ M.P. = 1200 and discount% = 31%

Þ S.P. = 1200(1 – 31/100) = 828

S.P. = C.P. (1 + 15/100)

Þ C.P. = 828/1.15 = 720.

Given:

A sum of Rs.4000 is lent on simple interest at the rate of 10% per annum

P= 4000

R = 10%

Formula used:

S.I = (P × N × R)/100

Calculation:

S.I for 5 years = (4000 × 5 × 10)/100 = 2000

S.I for 3 years = (4000 × 3 × 10)/100 = 1200

⇒ Difference between S.I for 5 years  and S.I for 3 years = 2000 - 1200 = 800

∴ Simple interest for 5 years is 800 more than the simple interest for 3 years.

Given:

A : B = 8 : 15

B : C = 5 : 8

C : D = 4 : 5

Calculation:

⇒ A : B = 8 : 15

⇒ B : C = 5 : 8

⇒ Both sides multiplying by 3

⇒ B : C = 15 : 24

⇒ C : D = 4 : 5

⇒ Both sides multiplying by 6

⇒ C : D = 24 : 30

⇒ A : B : C : D = 8 : 15 : 24 : 30

⇒ The required ratio = A : D = 8 : 30 = 4 : 15

∴ The required result will be 4 : 15.

Given:

350 is increased by 20% and then decreased by 20%

Concept:

Percentage increase/decrease = (Increased or decreased value/original value) × 100

Calculation:

Original number = 350

On increasing it by 20%, we get

The new value = 350 × [(100 + 20)/100] 

⇒ 350 × (120/100) = 420

Now, on decreasing it by 20%, we get

The new value = 420 × [(100 - 20)/100]

⇒ 420 × (80/100) = 336

⇒ Decreased value = 350 - 336 = 14

⇒ Decreased % = (14/350) × 100 = 4%

Hence, the percentage decrease is 4%.

Given:

Distance = 1800 m

Time = 6 min 

Formula used:

Speed = Distance/Time

1 min = 60 sec

Calculation:

According to the question

Speed = Distance/Time

⇒ (1800/6 × 60) m/sec

⇒ 5 m/sec

The speed of person in km/h = (5 × 18/5) 

⇒ 18 km/h

∴ Required speed of man is 18

Given:

The market price of the article = Rs. 940

The selling price = Rs. 752

Formula used:

D = MP - SP     

(D % =\ {MP\ -\ SP \over MP} × 100)

(Where D = Discount, MP = Market price, and SP = Selling price)

Calculation:

Let us assume discount be D

⇒ D = 940 - 752 = 188

⇒ (D%\ = {188\over 940} × 100)

⇒ D% = (1/5) × 100 = 20%

∴ The required discount % is 20%

Given:

8 men can finish work in = 40 days

Calculation:

8 men 1 days work = 1/40

1 man 1 day's work = 1/(40 × 8)

Total men to finish work = 8 + 2 = 10

10 men 1 day's work = 10/(40 × 8) = 1/32

∴ In 32 days work will be completed.

Calculation:

Let the total number of heads of cows and cocks be x

According to the question,

No. of legs = 2x + 14

If the number of cows = y, then the number of cocks = (x - y)

4y + (x − y) x 2 = 2x + 14

⇒ 4y + 2x - 2y = 2x + 14

⇒ 4y - 2y = 14

⇒ 2y = 14 

⇒ y = 7

∴ The number of cows is 7.

Given:

Numbers is 44, 91, 11, 55, 66, and 39

Calculation:

⇒ (44 + 91 + 11 + 55 + 66 + 39)/6 = 306/6 = 51

∴ The required result will be 51.

Given:

Amount = Rs. 2000

Rate = 25%

Time = 4 years

Formula used:

S.I = Amount – P

S.I = (P × R × T)/100

Where S.I = Simple Interest

P = Principal, R = Rate, T = Time

Calculation:

According to the question, we have

2000 – P = (P × 25 × 4)/100

⇒ 2000 – P = 100P/100

⇒ 2P = 2000

⇒ P = 2000/2 = 1000

∴ The value of invested sum is Rs. 1000

Percentage increase of Interest = Rate × time

⇒ 25 × 4 = 100%

100% increase means the sum becomes double in 4 years at the rate of 25%

Invested Sum = 2000/2 = 1000

∴ The value of invested sum is Rs. 1000

Given:

Length of cuboid = 25 cm

Breadth of cuboid = 7.5 m

Height of cuboid = 85 cm

Formula Used:

The volume of cuboid = Length × Breadth × Height

1 m = 100 cm

Calculation:

1 m = 100cm 

7.5 m = 7.5 × 100 = 750 cm

The volume of cuboid = Length × Breadth × Height

⇒ The volume of cuboid = 25 × 750 × 85

⇒ The volume of cuboid = 1593750 cm³

∴ The volume of cuboid is 1593750 cm³

The correct option is 4 i.e. 1593750 cm3

Concept used:

We have to follow the BODMAS rule

Calculation:

100 – [10 + {10 – (20 – 15)}] = ?

⇒ 100 – [10 + { 10 – 5}] = ?

⇒ 100 – [10 + 5] = ?

⇒ 100 – 15 = ?

⇒ 85 = ?

∴ The value of '?' is 85