DDA Stenographer (22 December 2025): Memory Based Test (Previous Year Paper)

First letters:

Second letters:

Second and third letters are repeated

Numbers:

3

3 × 1 + 1 = 4;

4 × 2 + 2 = 10;

10 × 3 + 3 = 33;

33 × 4 + 4 = 136

Hence, L136UU is the next number in the given series.

As per the given information:

Logic:

The second number = (First number)² - First number

Check all options:

(1). 8-56 → (8)² - 8

64 - 8 = 56

(2). 13-169 → (13)2 - 13

169 - 13 = 156

(3).  11-110 → (11)2 - 11

121 - 10 = 110

(4).  9-72 → (9)2 - 9

81 - 9 = 72

Here, Option (2) is different as per the logic.

Here, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Six friends - Payal, Rishi, Rita, Sunil, Neha and Gaurav are sitting in the same row facing towards north.

1. Rita is sitting third to the left of Gaurav who is sitting at one of the extreme ends. 

2. More than two people are sitting between Sunil and Payal.

3. Sunil is sitting immediately next to Neha but not next to Gaurav.

Thus, the final arrangement will be as follows:

Hence, "only two persons are sitting to the right of Rishi" is the correct statement.

The given equation is : 27 + 78 - 39 ÷ 4 × 3 = 17

(I). 27 + 78 - 39 ÷ 4 × 3 = 17

Interchanging ( + and - ) and using BODMAS rule :

27 - 78 + 39 ÷ 4 × 3 = 17

27 - 78 + 9.75 × 3 = 17

27 - 78 + 29.25 = 17

56.25 - 78 = 17

-21.75 ≠ 17

LHS ≠ RHS

(II). 27 + 78 - 39 ÷ 4 × 3 = 17

Interchanging ( × and ÷ ) and using BODMAS rule :

27 + 78 - 39 × 4 ÷ 3 = 17

27 + 78 - 39 × 1.33 = 17

27 + 78 - 52 = 17

105 - 52 = 17

53 ≠ 17

LHS ≠ RHS

(III). 27 + 78 - 39 ÷ 4 × 3 = 17

Interchanging ( ÷ and - ) and using BODMAS rule :

27 + 78 ÷ 39 - 4 × 3 = 17

27 + 2 - 4 × 3 = 17

27 + 2 - 12 = 17

29 - 12 = 17

17 = 17

LHS = RHS

(IV). 27 + 78 - 39 ÷ 4 × 3 = 17

Interchanging ( + and ÷ ) and using BODMAS rule :

27 ÷ 78 - 39 + 4 × 3 = 17

0.35 - 39 + 4 × 3 = 17

0.35 - 39 + 12 = 17

12.35 - 39 = 17

-26.65 ≠ 17

LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "÷ and -".

The logic follows here is:

• Thermometer is related to Temperature

​→ Here, a 'Thermometer' is an instrument that is used to measure the 'Temperature'.

Similarly,

• Hygrometer is related to Humidity.

​→ Here, a 'Hygrometer' is an instrument that is used to measure 'Humidity'.

Thus, Thermometer is related to Temperature in the same way as Hygrometer is related to Humidity.

Hence, the correct answer is "Humidity".

Additional Information

• A 'lactometer' is used to measure the 'Purity of Milk'.
• An 'anemometer' is used to measure the direction of 'Wind'.
• A 'rain gauge' is used to measure the 'Rain'.

Arguments:

I. Yes, it will provide them some economic help to either seek employment or kickstart their career.

Youth people, who do not get employment due to a large number of applicants in all fields, must surely be given an allowance so that they can support themselves.

So, the argument I is valid.

II. No, it will dampen their urge to do something to earn their livelihood and thus promote idleness among the unemployed youth.

Such type of allowance would Marthe the spirit to work, in them and make them idle. 

So, argument II is also valid.

Hence, Both I and II are strong. 

Important Points

1. Just read the argument and you will have an idea whether to accept it or reject it.
   

2. Check that the arguments do not absurd or harmful.
   

3. An arguments that answer “YES” when all questions, would be called a strong argument, otherwise it would be a weak arguments.

From the given information,

Breaking the statement –

Rohit's grandmother's husband will be his grandfather and his grandfather has only one son who is Rohit's father.

We can draw the following Family Tree from the information given above

:

The man is related to Rohit as a father.

Hence, the correct answer is "Father".

In the given statement, no information about china is mentioned. So, Assumption I is not implicit.

As mentioned the elderly is defined as those above 60-year-old. So, Assumption II is implicit.

Hence option 2 is the correct answer**.**

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows:

Conclusions:

I. Some guns are watches → True (All watches are guns, hence some guns are watches is true.)

II. Some guns are phones → True (All watches are guns, and some watches are phones. Hence, some guns are phone is also true.)

Hence, Both conclusions I and II follow.

The pattern followed here is:

 

Similarly,

 

Hence, ‘8-24-27-20-9-14’ is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is :-

The direction diagram from the given is as follows:

Thus, the correct answer is "South".

As given in the option,

 

Here, France is located in the Europe continent.

Hence, the correct answer is 'France'.

The pattern followed here is:

 202 – 125 = 77,

125 – 77 = 48,

77 – 48 = 29,

48 – 29 = 19,

29 - 19 = 10,

Similarly, we have:

19 - 10 = 9

Hence, 9 is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is :-

• EARNED : WVMIZV

Similarly,

• ACTUAL :

​

Hence, the correct answer is "OZFGXZ".

The logic followed is;

Given code -  "LENGTH" is coded as "JVIPGN"

Similarly,

Hence, the code for STARTS is UVTCVU.

At 8 o’clock the hour hand is at 8 and the minute hand is at 12 i.e. both are 20 minutes apart. Thus, to be in same straight line they must be 30 minute apart i.e. either at 3 & 9 or 6 & 12 or vice versa. So the minute hand has to move 10 min more than the hour hand (30 – 20 = 10min).

As we know 55 min are gained in 60 min.

(Note: In a complete hour, hour hand moves 5 minute and minute hand moves 60 minutes which makes minute hand 60 – 5 = 55 minute ahead hour hand always).

Hence 10 minute be gained in = [(60/55) × 10] = 120/11 = (10{10 \over 11} )

Hence, (10{10 \over 11} ) is the answer.

Eight persons: P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W.

1) Q is second to the right of T who is the neighbour of R and V.

2) V is the neighbour of U. 

So, case - 1 gets eliminated.

3) S is not the neighbour of P. 

4. Q is not between S and R.

5. W is not between U and S.

Hence, W and R is not the neighbour.

The logic followed here is:

Therefore, the correct pair is  Weary : Exhausted

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Additional InformationSynonyms for Amusing are delightful, entertaining, engrossing, and laughable

Synonyms for Weary are dull and exhausted.

Here the statement stressed that a combination of knowledge and abilities in skill training can ensure gainful employment.

Assumption I follow the statement as skill training will make a person capable to get employment.

But assumption II is not implicit as knowledge and abilities both are key for employment.

Hence option 1 is the correct answer.

1. Seven persons are sitting in a row facing north direction.

2. Equal number of persons are sitting to the left and right of R.

3. Q is sitting second to the right of R and and immediate left of T.

4. Three persons are sits between S and V, who is immediate right of R.

Here, V is immediate right of R.

5) U is sitting third to the left of Q.

The final arrangement will be as shown below:

So, U is the immediate neighbour P and R.

Hence, 'U is the immediate neighbour P and R' is the correct answer.

No of people who work with laptops = 30

No of people who work with only laptops = 21

No of people  who work with desktops = 24

No of people who work with only desktops = 15

No of people who like to work on both laptops and desktops = 9

Hence, 9 is the correct answer.

19 May 2019 to 14 July 2019 = 13 + 30 + 14 = 57 days i.e. 8 weeks + 1 odd day

18 May 2019 + 57 days or 1 odd day = 14 July 2019

So, Sunday – 1 odd day = Saturday

Hence, the correct answer is 'Saturday'.

Representation:

According to the given question,

1. R and U are a married couple, R being the male member. So, R is the husband and U is the wife

2. T is the only son of P, who is the brother of R. S is the sister of T.  

3. U is the daughter-in-law of Q, whose husband has died.

According to the above instructions following family tree is formed,

Therefore, S is the daughter of P

Hence, Daughter is the correct answer

1) Mortices → THERMOSTATIC → can be formed

2) Atomist → THERMOSTATIC → can be formed

3) Motion → THERMOSTATIC → cannot be formed because O and N are missing.

4) Search → THERMOSTATIC → can be formed

Motion cannot be formed from the letters of the given word.

Hence, **"**Motion" is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is,

Hence, “MLQR” is the correct answer.

From the given information,

The code for "groceries" is "9".

The code for "bag" is "8".

The remaining word is "hold" and the remaining code is "1".

So, the code for "hold" is "1".

Hence, the correct answer is "1".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statement is as follows,

Conclusions:

I. All round is rotational being possibility. → Ture (as "Some rotational is round" given but nothing is said about round to  rotational. So, All round can be rotational it is possible and possibility is also given. Thus it is definitely true)

II. Some motion is not speed. → False (as there is no relation between motion and speed so some motion is not speed it can be possible but not definite. So, it is definitely false)

Hence, the only conclusion I follow.

Additional Information

First letter:

Second letter:

Third letter:

Numbers:

2² – 1 = 3;

3² – 1 = 8;

4² – 1 = 15;

5² – 1 = 24;

6² – 1 = 35

Hence, Q15VG is the missing term in the series.

The position of the English alphabet series is given below:

Logic: 

Step 1: Letters are coded in the opposite positional letters.

Step 2: After opposite positional letter addition of + 3.

FAITH : XCUJV

And,

ALCON : CRAOP

Similarly,

ENEMY : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "YPYQE".

The table is alphabets place value:

The pattern followed here is:

 'CHARGE' is written as 'SEICVI'

 

Similarly,

'SUMMER' = ?

Hence, 'SUMMER' is coded as "FUNOIG".

The logic followed here is:

For every consonant 2 is subtracted from the place value and for every vowel 2 is added to the place value.

• Every consonant - 2
• Every vowel + 2

 

The codes for SUTURE is as follows:

 

The code for SUTURE will be 172318231607.

Similarly, the code for MATTER is as follows:

 

The code for MATTER will be 110318180716.

Therefore, the code for STATUTE will be as follows:

 

Hence, the code for STATUTE will be 17180318231807.

According to the given information:

Kick boxing, Wrestling and Golf are the sports that are played individually.

Whereas,

'Rugby' is a team sport. It is played between two teams and each team has 15 players.

Thus, 'Rugby' is different from others and does not belong to that group.

Hence, the correct answer is "Rugby".

Table show alphabet serial number –

The pattern followed is,

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All follow the same pattern, except ‘HSTF’.

Hence, “HSTF” is the odd one

Let the number of Re. 1, Rs. 2 and Rs. 5 coins are 5x, 3x and 2x respectively.

The total amount with Nina is Rs. 105.

∴ (1)(5x) + (2)(3x) + (5)(2x) = 105

∴ 5x + 6x + 10x = 105

∴ 21x = 105

∴ x = 5

∴ Number of Re. 1 coins = 5x = 25

Hence, ‘25’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is : (Cube of 1st number) - (Cube of 2nd number) = (3rd number - 1)

Given :

• (3, 2, 20)

((3)^3) - ((2)^3) = 20 - 1

27 - 8 = 19

19 = 19 (LHS = RHS)

• (9, 4, 666)​

((9)^3) - ((4)^3) = 666 -1

729 - 64 = 665

665 = 665 (LHS = RHS)

​So,

• Option - (1) : (7, 2, 333)​

((7)^3) - ((2)^3) = 333 - 1

343 - 8 = 332

335 ≠ 332 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (2) : (3, 1, 27)​

((3)^3) - ((1)^3) = 27 - 1

27 - 1 = 26

26 = 26 (LHS = RHS)

• Option - (3) : (5, 4, 63)​

((5)^3) - ((4)^3) = 63 - 1

125 - 64 = 62

61 ≠ 62 (LHS ≠ RHS)

• Option - (4) : (6, 2, 208)​​

((6)^3) - ((2)^3) = 208 - 1

216 - 8 = 207

208 ≠ 207 (LHS ≠ RHS)

​Hence, "Option - (2)" is the correct answer.

Persons: P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W

1. R is third to the left of W and opposite to S.
2. Two persons are sitting between R and U.
3. P is between W and T.
4. Q is third to the left of T and immediate left of V.

The final arrangement will be as shown below:

S is sitting third to the left of V.

Hence, 'S' is the correct answer.

The logic is :

1. RST

2. YXW

3. FGH

4. NOP

Hence, 'YXW' is the odd letter.

From the given information,

The code for 'movie' is 'pa'.

The code for 'novel' is 'la'.

The remaining word is 'and' and the remaining code is 'se'.

So, the code for 'and' is 'se'.

Hence, the correct answer is "se".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows:

Conclusions:

I. Some pen are not black → True (Some Pen is pencil and no pencil is black. Hence, some part of the pen is also not black.)

II. Some black are not pen → False (There is no direct relation between black and pen, hence false.)

Hence, Only Statement I follow.

From the given information:

Step 1: Meenal walks 45 m towards the north, and then turns left and walks 35 m.

              

<br>

Step 2: From there, she turns right and walks 26 m, and then she again turns right and walks 35 m.

          

<br>

Step 3: She finally takes a left turn and walks 17 m to reach her home.

          

<br>

Now the total distance from starting point to end point is:

           

     45 + 26 + 17 = 88 m

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

Both the arguments are strong as encouragement to the young entrepreneurs will open up the fields for setting up of new industries. Hence, it will help in industrial development. Consequently, more job opportunities will be created.

Hence, both arguments I and II are strong.

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, ‘AFK’ is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is,

Let (1st number : 2nd number)

(1st number)3 ÷  2 = (2nd number)

Now by following the same logic we have;

• 3 ∶ 13.5

⇒ (3)3 ÷ 2 = 27 ÷ 2 = 13.5 = 2nd number

Similarly,

• 8 : 256

⇒ (8)3 ÷ 2 = 512 ÷ 2 = 256 = 2nd number

Hence, the correct answer is "8 : 256".

Arranging all the words as per their order in the dictionary:

(1) PABOUCHES

(2) PACARANAS

(3) PACATIONS

(4) PACEMAKER

Hence, PACATIONS is the correct answer.

Given equation is:

121 % 11 # 4 $ 3 @ 1 = ?

From the given information:

 

Substituting the operations in the equation:

121 ÷ 11 - 4 × 3 + 1 = ?

BODMAS Rule:

Using the BODMAS rule 

121 ÷ 11 - 4 × 3 + 1 

= 11 - 4 × 3 + 1 

= 11 - 12 + 1

= 12 - 12

= 0.

Hence, the correct answer is "0".

The logic is:

10 + 12 = 22

22 + 24 = 46

46 + 36 = 82

82 + 48 = 130

Hence, ‘130’ is the correct answer.

As mentioned in the statement Malnutrition is the largest contributor to diseases Therefore, Assumption I is implicit.

Also proper nutrition helps fight against the disease. So, assumption II is implicit.

Hence option 3 is the correct answer.

The logic is:

7 × 1 = 7,

7 × 3 = 21,

21 × 5 = 105,

105 × 7 = 735,

Similarly, we have:

735 × 9 = 6615

Hence, 6615 is the correct answer.

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols:

According to the given information,

The given expression is :

'E % G ? J @ F % K @ I % H' → E is sister of G, G is the brother of J, J is father of F, F is sister of K, K is father of I, I is sister of H.

∴ Here, G is Paternal grand father's brother of H.

Hence, the correct answer is "Paternal grand father's brother".

The present age of father = 40 years

The present age of A = 2 years 

The present age of B = 3 years

Now, let after x years, father's age would be twice the combined age of A and B

Age of father after x years = 40 + x

Age of A after x years = 2 + x

Age of B after x years = 3 + x

So, according to the question,

⇒ 2{(2 + x) + (3 + x)} = 40 + x

⇒ 2{5 + 2x} = 40 + x

⇒10 + 4x = 40 + x

⇒3x = 30

⇒ x = 10 

Hence, after 10 years father's age would be twice of a combined age of A and B.

The correct answer is 'Gather'.

Key Points Let's understand the meaning of the given and the marked words:

• Assemble - It means to bring together people or things in one place or to come together as a group for a specific purpose**.(इकट्ठा करना)**
• For Example - The students were asked to assemble in the school auditorium for the morning assembly.
• Gather - refers to the action of collecting, assembling, or coming together in one place or to accumulate or obtain information, data, or evidence.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Additional Information Let's understand the meanings of the other given options:

• Give - to transfer the possession or ownership of something to someone else willingly and without expecting anything in return.
• Separate - means to divide, detach, or set apart one thing or group from another.
• Ask for -  It is a phrase having different meanings depending on the context. For example, Request, Inquire, Desire, Seek, Be the Reason for, Invite, or Encourage

The correct answer is: Convergence 

Key Points

• Divergence means the act of moving away from each other or becoming different. (एक दूसरे से दूर जाने या अलग होने की क्रिया)
• For example: The divergence of opinions among the team members led to lengthy discussions.
• Convergence is the opposite of divergence, and it means the act of coming together or becoming similar. (एक साथ आने या एक जैसा बनने की क्रिया या भाव)
• For example: The convergence of various cultures in the city creates a rich and diverse community.
• The antonym of a word is a word that means the opposite of the given word.
• Therefore, the antonym of divergence is convergence.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Existence means the state of existing which is not related to the meaning of divergence. (अस्तित्‍व)
• Resilience means the ability to recover from difficulties, and it is not the opposite of divergence. (कठिनाइयों से उबरने की क्षमता)
• Transience means the state of being temporary or not lasting, and it is not the opposite of divergence. (अस्थायी या स्थायी न होने की अवस्था या भाव)

The correct answer is 'Intimate'.

Key Points

• The meaning of the idiom 'Hand and glove' means working together, often to do something dishonest.
• Example: That woman is still hand and glove with the other party and working with them.
• ​Intimate means being close (बहुत घनिष्ठ मित्रता).
• Hence, this word fits best among the given options.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2, which is 'Intimate'.

Additional Information

• Oppressive means allowing no freedom; controlling by force. (दमनकारी)
• Discourage means to stop somebody from doing something, especially by making him/her realize that it would not be successful or a good idea. (हतोत्साहित करना)
• Enemy means a person who hates and tries to harm you. (दुश्मन)

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e**. 'Philistine'.**

Key Points

• The word that can substitute the given group of words is: "Philistine"
• A "Philistine" is a term used to describe a person who is indifferent or hostile to artistic and cultural values;(प्रागधिकारवादी)
• It also refers to a person whose interests are primarily material and conventional.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Philistine'.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the other options:
• "Perfectionist" - This refers to a person who refuses to accept any standard short of perfection, in their own work and/or in other aspects of life.(पूर्णतावादी)
• "Sage" - A sage is a profoundly wise person, particularly one who features in ancient history or legend.(ज्ञानी)
• "Egghead" - An "Egghead" is an intellectual or a very studious and academic person. It's often used informally or humorously.(बुद्धिजीवी)

The correct answer is "Sovereignty".

Key Points

• The correctly spelt word is: Sovereignty.
• The word sovereignty refers to the supreme and independent power or authority of a state or a country to govern itself without any external interference.
• Examples: 
• The sovereignty of the country was threatened by the invasion of the neighbouring state.
• The citizens of the country rallied together to defend their sovereignty and independence.
• The new constitution of the country ensured the sovereignty of the people, giving them more rights and freedoms.

Hence, the correct answer is "Sovereignty"

The correct answer is 'accused'.

 

Key Points

• The sentence indicates that the person is being charged with or blamed for multiple chain snatching incidents in Dariyaganj.
• The word "accused" (अभियुक्त) means someone who is charged with a crime or a wrongdoing, which fits the context of the sentence.
• The other options such as "ackused," "acxused," and "akused" are incorrect spellings and do not convey the intended meaning.
• Understanding the meaning of "accused" in the context of the sentence helps to clarify that the person is being blamed for the chain snatching cases.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Complete Sentence: He is accused of many chain snatching cases in Dariyaganj.

The correct solution is '2, 4, 3, 1, 5'

Key Points

• While rearranging a jumbled sentence, we must first analyze all our options from which we should find out the main theme of the sentence.
• Although there is not specified rule, it is usually right to identify the subject to start the sentence followed by the rest of the sentence.
• Option 2, 'Kalpana Chawla said' is the beginning of the sentence as it contains the subject.
• Option 4, 'that she never dream't' comes next as option 2 ended with 'said' which is an indication that it is an indirect speech and in an indirect speech, the word 'that' would always come after 'said' so option 2 and 4 has to be next to each other -"Kalpana Chawla said that she never dream't".
• Option 3, 'as a child in karmal' comes next as it describes the situation of Kalpana further.
• Option 1,'she would cross' comes next as it describes the activity of Kaplana.
• Option 5, 'the frontiers of space' comes last as it is the object of the sentence which concludes the sentence.
• The sentence thus becomes, "Kalpana Chawla said that she never dream't as a child in Kalmal she would cross the frontiers of space".
• Hence the correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is "that Ben will done."

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the error lies in the part "that Ben will done."
• The verb 'done' is in the wrong tense.
• It should be 'do' or 'will do'.
• Since, the sentence is in future tense. We will use the formation "will+ do."
• The correct sentence would be "My mother said that Ben will do the assignment today."

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• Option 1: 'today' is an adverb and is placed correctly in the sentence. -
• Option 2: 'My mother said' is a complete and correct phrase. -
• Option 4: 'the assignment' is a noun and is placed correctly in the sentence.

The correct answer is "chastise."

<br>

 Key Points

• "Chastise" means to punish or scold someone for their behavior. (ग़लती के लिए आलोचना या निंदा करना; डाँटना)
• Example: Charity organizations have chastised the government for not doing enough to prevent the latest famine in Africa.
• In the given sentence, it makes sense that the royal forces would be used to punish or quell rebellions.
• The sentence structure also supports this, as the phrase "to chastise rebellions" fits grammatically.
• The correct answer is option 2.
  

Correct sentence: At times he acted as viceroy in William's absence; at times he led the royal forces to chastise rebellions.

Additional Information

• Scrutinize: to examine or inspect closely. ((किसी वस्‍तु को) सावधानी से देखना या जाँचना)
• Compromise: to settle a dispute by finding middle ground. (अभीष्‍ट से कुछ कम पर मान जाना, विशेषतः सुलह या समझौते के लिए)
• Baptise: to perform a religious ritual of initiation. (बपतिस्‍मा करना)

The correct answer is 'Option 2' i.e. 'Hung up'.

Key Points

• The sentence "She hang up the clothes in the closet" contains an error in verb tense agreement.
• The verb "hang" should be in the past tense form to match the subject "she."
• The past tense form of the verb "hang" is "hung."
• Therefore, the correct sentence is: "She hung up the clothes in the closet."

The correct answer is 'He told me that my father was waiting for me at the reception.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Direct Speech. As per the given question we have to change it into Indirect Speech.
• The process of transformation as follows: ​​
• 'Said to' will be changed into 'told'. (Direct form to Indirect form)
• 'That' conjunction will be added to convert to Indirect form
• 'Your' will be changed into 'My'. (Second-person -> First-person)
• 'Is waiting' will be changed into 'was waiting'. (Present Continuous to Past Continuous)
• 'You' will be changed into **'me'. (**Second-person -> First-person)
  

Thus the correct sentence is Option 2

The correct answer is "Ridima said, “I have already made lunch and dinner”. "

Key Points 

• Let’s look at the basic rules to convert this sentence.
• We will insert inverted commas.
• We will remove “that” before the speech.
• "said to"  will replace "told"
• The reported sentence is in the past perfect
• The reported verb is in the past, so we must change the past perfect into the present perfect.
• Look at the following examples:
• Sita said, “I have already cooked”.  Direct
  

Sita said that she had already cooked.   Indirect

• Ram said to Shyam, “ I have seen her today".  Direct
  

Ram told Shyam that he had seen her that day.  Indirect

• Hence, the correct answer: Ridima said, “I have already made lunch and dinner”.

​

Additional Information​

• Look at the basic rules of converting the tenses
• | Direct | Indirect | | --- | --- | | Present indefinite | Past indefinite | | Present Continuous | Past Continuous | | Present Perfect | Past Perfect | | Present Perfect Continuous | Past Perfect continuous | | Past indefinite | Past Perfect | | Past Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous | | Past Perfect | No change in Tense | | Past Perfect Continous | No change inTense |

The correct answer is "Has he joined us in our seminar?".

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Present Perfect Tense.
• It is in Passive voice.
• Structure of Active and Passive voice in the particular tense:
• Active: Has/Have + subject + V3 + object ?
• Passive: Have/Has + object + been + V3 + by + object ?
• In the given sentence,
• Passive: Have + we + been + joined + by + him in our seminar?
• Active: Has + he + joined + us in our seminar?

 

Hence, “Has he joined us in our seminar?” is the correct answer.

The correct answer is "My favourite subject is Mathematics."

<br>

 Key Points

• The correct spelling of the subject is "Mathematics."
• The word Mathematics is spelled with two 't's and an 's' at the end.
• Example: I love to learn Mathematics.
• The word Favourite is spelled correctly in all the options.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
  

Additional Information

• Option 1: Mathimatics - Incorrect spelling
• Option 2: Mathematecs - Incorrect spelling
• Option 3: Mathematiks - Incorrect spelling

The correct answer is 'Fowl'.

Key Points

• The given blank needs a homophone that would identify the category of birds that do not fly in the air.
• Fowl is a category of bird and it refers to those birds that are kept for its eggs and flesh; a domestic cock or hen.
• Thus, fowl is appropriate for the given blank.

Correct sentence - Fowl bird does not fly in the air. 

Additional InformationLet us look at the meaning and usage of the other given options - 

• Foul - offensive to the senses, especially through having a disgusting smell or taste or being dirty. - I could smell a foul odour.
• Fall - move from a higher to a lower level, typically rapidly and without control. - She took a nasty fall off a horse.
• Fool - a person who acts unwisely or imprudently; a silly person. - Only a fool would ride a motorcycle without wearing a helmet.

The correct answer is "but I do drink tea."

Key Points

• The correct alternative in this case is option 3 "but I do drink tea." This is because the first part of the sentence states "I prefer not to drink coffee," which implies that the speaker does not like coffee.
• The correct completion of the sentence should therefore be a statement that contrasts with the first part of the sentence, and option 3 "but I do drink tea" does this by stating that the speaker does drink tea, even though they prefer not to drink coffee.
• Option 1 "I prefer drinking tea" does not contrast with the first part of the sentence and therefore does not complete the sentence in a logical way.
• Option 2 "I prefer not to drink tea" is a negative statement that does not contrast with the first part of the sentence, and
• Option 4 "I prefer not to drink either coffee or tea" is a negative statement that does not provide any information about what the speaker does drink.

Thus, option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence : I prefer not to drink coffee, but I do drink tea.

The correct sequence is 2) QSRP.

Key Points

• Q. I phoned my mother
• This fragment sets the context for the action and indicates that the speaker made a phone call to their mother.
• S. to tell her
• This fragment provides the purpose or intention behind the phone call. The speaker called their mother with the intention of conveying some information.
• R. that I wouldn't be able
• This fragment introduces a limitation or inability. The speaker informs their mother that they wouldn't be able to do something.
• P. to get home early
• This fragment specifies what the speaker is unable to do, which is to get home early. It explains the reason for the limitation mentioned in fragment R.
• Hence, the correct answer is 2) QSRP.
  

Combining these fragments in the correct order, we get the following sentence: "When I reached my office, I phoned my mother to tell her that I wouldn't be able to get home early as I had promised."

The correct answer is Option 2 i.e 'Pronoun'.

Key Points

• The underlined word "Whom" serves as an object of the verb "ask", which is a characteristic of a pronoun.
• Pronouns are used in place of a noun or a noun phrase to avoid repetition and simplify sentences.
• The word "Whom" is used in formal or written English to refer to the object of a verb or preposition.
• Pronouns can take different forms based on case, number, gender, and person, further identifying the entity they are replacing or referring to.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Option 2.

Additional Information

• Adjective: An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In the context of the original question, adjectives would be irrelevant as the underlined word is not modifying a noun or pronoun but rather serving as the object of a verb.
• Noun: A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea. While the sentence discusses actions and entities, "Whom" functions as a pronoun, not a noun itself.
• Verb: A verb is a word expressing an action, occurrence, or state of being. While the sentence contains verbs, the underlined word "Whom" is not a verb but a pronoun indicating the object of the verb "ask".

The correct answer is: Option 2 i.e. beautiful.

Key Points

• The word "exquisite" means extremely beautiful and delicate. (अत्यंत सुंदर और नाजुक)
• Example: She wore an exquisite dress that caught everyone's attention at the party.
• "Beautiful" refers to something that is pleasing to the senses or mind aesthetically. (सुंदर)
• Example: The garden was filled with beautiful flowers of various colors.
• Hence, we can infer that the word closest in meaning to 'exquisite' is 'beautiful'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: beautiful.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Extra (अतिरिक्त): More than what is usual or necessary.
• Example: Can I have some extra cheese on my pizza?
• Sharp (तेज़): Having an edge or point that is able to cut or pierce something.
• Example: The knife is very sharp, be careful while using it.

The correct answer is 'Generosity.'

Key Points

• The given word 'Kleptomania' refers to a recurrent urge to steal, typically without regard for need or profit. (चोरी करने की बार-बार उत्तेजना, आमतौर पर आवश्यकता या लाभ के बिना)
• Generosity: The quality of being kind, understanding, and not selfish; the quality of being generous; especially, willingness to give money and other valuable things to others. (दयालु)
• We can infer that the antonym of 'kleptomania' is 'generosity'

Therefore, the correct answer is: Generosity.

The correct answer is 'work until late at night'

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the underlined idiom "burn the midnight oil" is: work until late at night.
• Explanation: "Burn the midnight oil" is an idiom that means to work late into the night, especially studying or working on something intensely. It implies putting in extra effort or staying up late to accomplish a task or achieve a goal, often in situations where time is limited or deadlines are approaching.
• In the context of the sentence provided, students are mentioned as burning the midnight oil to prepare for competitive examinations, indicating their dedication to studying late into the night to succeed in their exams.

The correct answer is "Genocide."

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the underlined phrase can be replaced by the word "genocide."
• The word "genocide" means the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.
• In the given sentence, the act of killing a large number of people is mentioned, which matches the meaning of "genocide".
• Example: He may be charged with genocide.
• Thus, it becomes clear that option 4 can substitute the underlined phrase.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• "Homicide" refers to the killing of one person by another.
• "Suicide" refers to the act of taking one's own life.
• "Feticide" refers to the act of killing a fetus.

The correct answer is 'Option (3)' i.e. 'Sinhaleese'.

Key Points

• The word "Sinhaleese" is incorrectly spelt; it is not the standard English spelling for the people/language of Sri Lanka. (गलत वर्तनी)
• Example: The form "Sinhaleese" is sometimes seen, but it is not accepted in standard English dictionaries.
• The correct word is "Sinhalese", which refers to the majority ethnic group of Sri Lanka or their language. (सिंहल समुदाय / सिंहली भाषा)
• Example: Many Sri Lankans speak Sinhalese as their first language.
• Hence, we identify "Sinhaleese" as the incorrectly spelt option and "Sinhalese" as its correct spelling in English.

Therefore, the correct answer is- Sinhaleese.

Additional Information

• Sabbatical (अध्ययन-अवकाश / विश्राम अवकाश): A period of paid or unpaid leave granted to a professional (often a teacher or academic) for study or travel.
• Example: The professor went on a year-long sabbatical to conduct research in Europe.
• Confluence (संगम / मिलन बिंदु): The meeting point of two or more rivers, ideas, or situations.
• Example: The city is located at the confluence of two major rivers.
• Conform (अनुरूप होना / पालन करना): To behave according to rules, standards, or social norms.
• Example: Employees are expected to conform to the company’s dress code.

The correct answer is Surprising.

 

Key Points

• The sentence indicates that the gift given by the students was unexpected to the teacher.
• The word "surprising" (आश्‍चर्यजनक) means causing surprise or wonder, which fits the context of the gift being unexpected or not anticipated by the teacher.
• The words "revealing," "shocking," and "confusing" do not fit as well in this context because they convey different meanings that are not implied by the sentence.
• Understanding the meaning of "surprising" in the context of the sentence helps to clarify that the gift was unexpected and caused a sense of surprise for the teacher.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 

Correct Answer: The students of class 7 gave their teacher a gift, which was surprising to her.

 

Additional Information

• Revealing means making something known or visible (प्रकट करना).
• Shocking means causing intense surprise, disgust, or horror (चौंकाने वाला).
• Confusing means causing bewilderment or perplexity (उलझन में डालने वाला).

The correct answer is "SPRQ"

Key Points

• Sentence S1 mentions that in 1668, an important discovery was made.
• Sentence S explains that an Italian physician named Redi decided to test the theory of spontaneous generation of higher plants and animals.
• Sentence P states that Redi put some rotting meat and fish in open jars and watched them.
• Sentence R describes how Redi noticed that flies laid their eggs in the meat and maggots hatched from the eggs.
• Sentence Q explains that when Redi covered the jars with muslin, flies laid their eggs on the muslin but no maggots developed on the meat.
• Sentence S6 states that this was the beginning of the end of the theory of spontaneous generation.
• When the sentences are put in this order, they form a coherent and logical paragraph about Redi's experiment and the significance of his discovery.

Thus, option 2 is the correct answer.

Correct paragraph: S1 In 1668 an important discovery was made. S An Italian physician named Redi decided to test the idea that worms were generated spontaneously in rotting meat. P He put some rotting meat and fish in open jars and watched them. R In time, he noticed that flies carne and laid their eggs in the meat and the maggots hatched from the eggs. Q When he covered the jars with muslin, he found that flies carne and laid their eggs on the muslin; but no maggots developed on the meat. S6 That was the beginning of the end of the theory of spontaneous generation of higher plants and animals.

The correct answer is 'Option 1'.

Key Points

• The part of the sentence that contains an error is option 1: "fancy dress pink?"
• In English, adjectives typically come before the noun they modify.
• The color of the dress, 'pink', is an adjective and it should come before the noun 'dress'.

Therefore, the correct form of this sentence would be: "What is the price of this fancy pink dress?"

The correct answer is 'been asked'.

 Key Points

• In the context of the sentence, the phrase "been asked" correctly fits the blank as it refers to someone else asking the speaker a question.
• The sentence structure suggests a passive voice, meaning that the action is done to the subject.
• 'Been asked' is used when someone else has asked you a question, which matches the scenario described in the sentence.
• Therefore, 'been asked' is appropriate.
• The other options, 'Been asking', 'had', and 'asked' do not fit grammatically or contextually in the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is: is preparing

Key Points

• Replace "prepares" with "is preparing" to correct the sentence.
• The sentence says, "Don’t disturb the boy" which means the action is happening.
• The present continuous or the present progressive tense is used to tell about whatever action is happening at the time of speaking.
• The structure should be: Subject + is/am/are+ v1+ ing + object
• So, we have to change the tense of the sentence to make it correct.
• Thus, option 2 is the correct answer.
  

Corrected sentence: Don’t disturb the boy, he is preparing for his examination.

Additional Information

• Prepares: In English, the -s is only added to regular verbs in the present tense when the subject of the verb is a third-person singular subject.
• Prepared: Past tense of "prepare" and only used in the past tenses.
• Was preparing: "was+verb-ing" is only used in the past continuous tense to represent an action or event that was going on in the past.
• Will be preparing: "will +be+verb-ing" is only used in the future continuous tense to express action at a particular moment in the future.

The correct answer is "The teacher asked the boy to shut the door".

Key Points

• As we can see, direct speech is an imperative sentence (shut the door). To change it into indirect speech, the below steps should be followed:
• "Asked/ordered/requested/urged" is substituted with, "said" as per the sentence's requirement.
• Furthermore, the inverted commas ("") should also be removed, and the preposition "to" should be applied.
• On following the above steps, we get the required direct speech: The teacher asked the boy to shut the door.
• Therefore, the correct answer is: The teacher asked the boy to shut the door.

Additional Information

• Indirect communication is referred to as reporting the words, but direct speech is regarded as reciting the exact same words said.
• Modals, reporting verbs, place, time, tense, pronouns, and other elements all affect how direct and indirect speech is changed.
• Depending on the subject of the reporting speech, the first-person pronoun shifts.
• Eliminate the comma and the inverted commas, between the reporting and the reported speech, insert "that."
• Example: Arun Said, “They are in the car.”
• Example: Arun said that they were in the car.

The correct sentence is: My teacher said to me, "If you don't work very hard, you may fail the end-term exam."

Key Points

• There are a few rules to remember when changing a sentence from indirect to direct speech.
• ​​When the reporting verb is in the past tense in indirect speech, the tense of the sentence in direct speech will change.
• The given sentence is in the future conditional tense in the indirect speech so it will change to the present conditional tense in direct speech.
• We use modal verbs to express emotions such as permission, possibility, and certainty in a sentence.
• The modal verb 'might' in indirect speech changes to 'may' in the direct speech of the given sentence.
• Also, 'didn't work very hard' should be changed into 'don't work very hard'.
• The first person pronoun "I" in indirect speech changes to the second pronoun person "you" in the direct speech of the given sentence.

The correct sentence is: My teacher said to me, "If you don't work very hard you may fail the end-term exam."

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is option 1) "The tabla will be played by Saroj."

Key Points

• To explain in detail, let's analyze the original sentence: "Saroj will play the tabla."
• The original sentence is in the active voice, where the subject "Saroj" performs the action of playing.
• We are asked to transform this sentence into the passive voice, where the subject receives the action rather than performing it.
• In the passive voice, the sentence structure is usually: Object + auxiliary verb + past participle + by + subject.
• Let's apply this structure to the options:
• "The tabla will be played by Saroj."
• This option correctly transforms the sentence into the passive voice.
• The subject "tabla" receives the action of being played, and "by Saroj" indicates who plays it.
• The original sentence's meaning is retained.
• Therefore, option 1) "The tabla will be played by Saroj" is the most suitable transformation of the original sentence into the passive voice.

Lets see why other options are incorrect:-

• "The tabla had been played by Saroj."
• This option uses the past perfect tense ("had been played"), indicating an action completed before a certain point in the past. However, the original sentence is in the future tense ("will play"), so this option does not convey the same meaning.
• "The tabla has been played by Saroj."
• This option uses the present perfect tense ("has been played"), indicating an action completed in the past with relevance to the present. Again, the original sentence is in the future tense, so this option does not express the same meaning.
• "The tabla will have been played with Saroj."
• This option introduces the phrase "with Saroj," which changes the meaning. The original sentence does not mention playing with Saroj but rather Saroj playing the tabla.

The correct answer is "Rebecca, our personal assistant, is on leave because she is expecting a baby."

Key Points

• The error in the original sentence is that "having a baby" is present tense, which implies that Rebecca is currently giving birth.
• However, the context of the sentence indicates that Rebecca is on leave, which suggests that she is not currently in labor.
• The phrase "expecting a baby" is more appropriate in this context because it refers to the period of time during which a woman is pregnant.

Therefore, the correct answer is "option 1".

The correct answer is 'Mr Khanna approached Reena.'

Key Points

• Joining of sentences is done using the Past Participle "Be verb" as the first is to be impressed and then the next task is to sign.
• If there is an action verb in the sentence, we have to start the joining of the sentences with 'Having been.'
• ​Example: The poet was charmed by the cuckoo's song. The poet wrote a poem.
  

                 Having been charmed by cuckoo's song, the poet wrote a poem. (Joining of sentences using 'Having been.')

• Hence, the correct answer is 'Mr Khanna approached Reena.'
• Correct sentence: Having been impressed by her husband, Mr Khanna approached Reena.

Additional Information  

 

 

• The zero conditional is used for when the time being referred to is now or always and the situation is real and possible.
• The zero conditional is often used to refer to general truths.
• The tense in both parts of the sentence is the simple present.
• In zero conditional sentences, the word "if" can usually be replaced by the word "when" without changing the meaning.

Hinglish 

• Past Partciple "Be verb" का उपयोग करके वाक्यों को शामिल किया जाता है क्योंकि पहले to be impressed है और फिर अगला कार्य to sign है।
• यदि वाक्य में action verb है, तो हमें वाक्यों को 'Having been' से जोड़ना शुरू करना होगा।
• ​Example: The poet was charmed by cuckoo's song. The poet wrote a poem.
  

                 Having been charmed by cuckoo's song, the poet wrote a poem. ('Having been' का प्रयोग करते हुए वाक्यों को जोड़ना।)

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• The sentence requires arranging the given parts (a), (b), (c), and (d) to form a grammatically correct and meaningful sentence.
• Let's analyze each part and their potential roles in the sentence:
• (a) "with the help" - This is a prepositional phrase indicating a means or assistance.
• (b) "for last two hours" - This is a prepositional phrase indicating a duration of time.
• (c) "of the teacher" - This is a prepositional phrase specifying who is providing the help.
• (d) "solving the questions" - This is the present continuous verb phrase describing the action the students are performing.
• The main part of the sentence is "The students are" followed by the action they are performing. Therefore, (d) should come after "The students are".
• "The students are solving the questions..."
• Next, we need to place the phrases that provide additional information. The phrase indicating the means of solving the questions, "(a) with the help (c) of the teacher", logically follows the action.
• "The students are solving the questions with the help of the teacher..."
• Finally, the phrase indicating the duration of the action, "(b) for last two hours", should come at the end.
• "The students are solving the questions with the help of the teacher for the last two hours."
• Therefore, the correct sequence is (d), (a), (c), (b).

 

Coherent sentence after rearrangement:

The students are solving the questions with the help of the teacher for the last two hours.

The correct answer is "Past Perfect Tense". 

Key Points

• The Past Perfect tense is used to express that an action was completed (finished or "perfected") at some point in the past before something else happened.
• This tense is generally used to indicate the occurrence of an event which took place before another event happened in the past.
• The Past Perfect tense can also be used to denote an action that occurred at an indeterminate or unspecified time in the past.
• The construction for this tense is: had + past participle (verb)
• Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Additional Information

• Present indefinite tense is used to describe general facts, states or habits, not actions that occurred at an undetermined time in the past.
• Past perfect continuous tense is used when it is desired to stress the duration of an action that was happening before another action in the past occurred.
• Option (4) Both (1) and (3) would be incorrect as it includes past perfect continuous tense, which isn't suitable for actions with indeterminate time in the past.

The correct answer is 'Option 3' i.e. 'Question'.

Key Points

• The underlined word in the sentence is 'challenge.'
• In this context, 'challenge' refers to the act of testing one's abilities or pushing oneself to improve or achieve something.(चुनौती)
• The correct answer is 3**) 'Question'.**
• In this context, 'question' can be used as a synonym for 'challenge' as it can refer to the act of doubting, testing, or pushing oneself to improve.(सवाल)
• However, it's important to note that while 'question' can serve as a synonym in this context, it doesn't always mean the same thing as 'challenge'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Question'.

Additional Information

• Let's examine the other options:
• 'Carry' typically refers to the act of holding or supporting something while moving it from one place to another. (ले जाना)
• 'Approve' means to officially agree to or accept as satisfactory.(मंजूरी देना)
• 'Place' generally refers to a particular position or point in space.(जगह)

The correct answer is "Considerate."

Key Points

• The sentence means that the Prime Minister is not making any impulsive or hasty promises.
• Let us understand the meaning of the given and the marked words:
• The given word 'rash' means impulsive or hasty.(जल्दबाज)
• ​Example: Making rash decisions is very bad.
• The opposite of 'rash' is 'considerate', which means careful and thoughtful.(विचारशील)
• ​Example: You need to be considerate of others before making any decisions.
• Therefore, the word 'considerate' is the correct answer as it is opposite in meaning to 'rash'.

​Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Option 2 (Immature) means not fully developed or grown, and is not opposite in meaning to 'rash'.(अविकसित)
• Option 3 (Audacious) means bold or daring, which is similar to one of the other options given in the question, but not opposite in meaning to 'rash'.(साहसी)
• Option 4 (Bold) is similar in meaning to 'audacious' and is not opposite in meaning to 'rash'.(निर्भीक)

The correct answer is 'Act without preparation'

 Key Points

• The idiom 'Play it by ear' originates from music, where it refers to playing music without reference to written notation.
• In a broader sense, it means to act according to the circumstances, rather than according to a predetermined plan.
• Example - Since I'm not sure when my last meeting will end, let's play it by ear for our dinner plans
• The other options do not correctly reflect this meaning.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is option 1, Jockey.

Key Points

• A jockey is a professional rider in horse racing who rides the horse during the race. They are responsible for guiding the horse and making strategic decisions during the race.
• For example, famous jockeys include Frankie Dettori and Ruby Walsh.
• Option 2, Autocrat, is not related to horse racing. An autocrat is a ruler who has absolute power and authority.
• Option 3, Cellar, is also not related to horse racing. A cellar is a room or space below ground level, typically used for storage.
• Option 4, Horse Pilot, is not a commonly used term in horse racing. While a jockey can be seen as a pilot of sorts, this term is not widely used in the industry.
• Overall, the most appropriate one word for a professional rider in horse racing is Jockey.

The correct answer is 'Jewellery'.

Key Points

• 'Noun' will be used in the blank.
• 'Jewellery' is a correctly spelt word.
• Jewellery is decorative objects (such as earrings, rings, necklaces, and bracelets) worn on the body.
• All the other spellings are incorrect.
• The complete sentence will be, "She has some lovely pieces of jewellery.

Hence, the correct answer is Jewellery.

The correct answer is Option 2.

 

Key Points

• Sentence B must come first because it is an introductory phrase and is incomplete by itself:
• “More popularly known as a ‘lie detector’, …” must be followed by the subject it describes.
• Sentence C logically follows B and completes the idea:
• “The polygraph is a surefire way to determine a person’s guilt.” — now the phrase in B clearly refers to “the polygraph”.
• Sentence A comes next as it explains how polygraphs work:
• It describes the physiological factors measured by the polygraph.
• Sentence D is the concluding sentence as it sums up the explanation:
• It concludes that polygraphs accurately measure nervous excitement.
• Thus, the correct sequence is BCAD.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

 

Coherent paragraph after rearrangement:

"More popularly known as a ‘lie detector’, the polygraph is a surefire way to determine a person’s guilt. Polygraphs measure the perspiration, pulse rate, and other physiological factors of the person who is being tested. In this way, polygraph tests are accurate at measuring what they’re supposed to be detecting: nervous excitement."

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.

Key Points

• In the sentence, the phrase "There was fewer" is incorrect because "fewer" is used with countable nouns, and "discussion" is generally considered uncountable when referring to the activity of discussing.
• The correct phrase should use "less" instead of "fewer" to correctly modify the uncountable noun "discussion," resulting in the phrase "There was less discussion."
• "Fewer" is used for countable nouns (e.g., "fewer apples"), while "less" is used for uncountable nouns (e.g., "less sugar").
• Therefore, the error in the sentence is in the use of "fewer" with an uncountable noun, which should be corrected to "less."

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence: "There was less discussion than expected at the conference."

<br>

Additional Information

• "discussion than": This option is not the source of the error. The comparison structure initiated by "than" is correctly used here.
• "at the conference": This phrase correctly indicates the location of the discussion and does not contain an error.
• "No error": This option would be incorrect because there is an error in the sentence related to the use of "fewer" with an uncountable noun.

The correct answer is 'out'.

 Key Points

• The phrase "cut out for" ((कुछ) करने या होने के लिए स्वाभाविक रूप से सक्षम या उपयुक्त।) means that someone is well-suited or appropriately skilled for a certain role or task.
• An example sentence using 'cut out for' can be: "Her natural talent for singing shows that she's cut out for a career in music."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

 Additional Information

• "Cut up" (काटना) generally means to cut something into smaller pieces, and doesn't fit this context.
• "Cut down" (कम करना) typically refers to reducing something in size, quantity, or extent.
• "Cut from" (से काटना) refers to removing a portion from a whole, which doesn't make sense in this context.

The correct answer is 'Option 4' i.e. 'No improvement'.

Key Points

• The sentence is already grammatically correct.
• The verb "was shining" is in the past continuous tense and is appropriate for the context.
• The other options introduce grammatical errors.
• Thus, no improvement is required.

Therefore, the correct answer is- 'No improvement'.

 Additional Information

• "Were shining" would require a plural subject.
• "Was shines" is incorrect verb tense.
• "Were shined" is also incorrect in this context.

The indirect form of the given sentence is 'Deepak asked me whether I could check if the vaccination centers were available in my city.'

Key Points

                           

• The given sentence is an interrogative sentence.
• While changing the narration of an interrogative sentence, we need to follow the given steps-
• Replace comma (,) and inverted commas (" ") with the conjunction 'whether/if'.
• Change 'said to' in reporting clause into 'asked'.
• The question mark (?) is changed into a full-stop (.).
• The simple present tense (is/am/are) is changed into the simple past tense (was/were).
• 'Can' is changed into 'could'.
• The second-person (you/your) changed into (I/my) i.e. according to the object of the reporting verb (me).
  

The final sentence- Deepak asked me whether I could check if the vaccination centers were available in my city.

Additional Information

• A conjunction is not used in the sentence of wh-family words ( what, where, who, whom, why, etc.).
• Example,
• He asked her, "Why were you absent yesterday?"
• He asked her why she had been absent the previous day.

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य है।
• प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य का वर्णन बदलते समय हमें दिए गए चरणों का पालन करना होगा-
• अल्पविराम (,) और उल्टे अल्पविराम ("") को संयोजन 'whether/if' से बदलें।
• रिपोर्टिंग क्लॉज में 'said to' को 'asked' में बदलें।
• प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह (?) को पूर्ण विराम (.) में बदल दिया जाता है।
• सरल वर्तमान काल (is/am/are) को साधारण भूत काल (was/were) में बदल दिया गया है।
• 'Can' को 'Could' में बदला जा सकता है ।
• दूसरा व्यक्ति (you/your) (I/my) में बदल गया यानी रिपोर्टिंग क्रिया (me) के उद्देश्य के अनुसार।
  

​

अंतिम वाक्य- Deepak asked me whether I could check if the vaccination centers were available in my city.

The correct answer is "Raveena asked me, "Do you have my maid's number?"

Key Points

• The most appropriate direct form of the given sentence is 'Raveena asked me, "Do you have my maid's number?"
• Direct speech: reporting the message of the speaker in the exact words as spoken by him.
• Example: Maya said ‘I am busy now’.
• Indirect speech: reporting the message of the speaker in our own words.
• Example: Maya said that she was busy then.
• The given sentence is in the form of indirect speech.
• To change the sentence into direct speech, the following rules should be followed.
• Use the reporting verb such as (say, said to) in its correct tense.
• Put a comma before the statement and the first letter of the statement should be in capital letters.
• Insert question marks, quotation marks, exclamation marks and full stops, based on the mood of the sentence.
• Remove the conjunctions like (that, to, if or whether) wherever necessary.
• Where the reporting verb is in the past tense in indirect, change it to present tense in the direct speech.
• Change the simple past tense (had) into simple present tense (do, have).
• Example:
• Indirect: The girl said that she was happy with her result.
• Direct: The girl said. “I am happy with my result.”​
• The pronoun 'her' changes to 'my'.
• The correct direct speech- Raveena asked me, "Do you have my maid's number?"
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• The correct option that expresses the given sentence in active voice is 4) Shilpa was clearing the files as per the principal's instructions.
• The sentence is originally in the passive voice, as it focuses on the files being cleared rather than Shilpa performing the action.
• To convert the sentence into active voice, we need to make Shilpa the subject of the sentence and have her perform the action.
• The active voice sentence "Shilpa was clearing the files as per the principal's instructions" correctly portrays Shilpa as the doer of the action (clearing the files) and emphasizes her role in the process.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Shilpa was clearing the files as per the principal’s instructions.' 

Additional Information

• Shilpa can be clearing the files as per the principal's instructions. - This sentence is in the passive voice and does not accurately represent Shilpa actively clearing the files.
• Shilpa were clearing the files as per the principal's instructions. - The verb "were" is not the correct form for the subject "Shilpa" in the past tense. It should be "was" for a singular subject.
• Shilpa has cleared the files as per the principal's instructions. - This sentence is in the present perfect tense, indicating a completed action in the past with a present impact. It does not accurately convey the ongoing action described in the original sentence.
  

The correct answer is 'I hope he'll succeed in his work.'.

Key Points

• 'In' will be the correct preposition.
• The word 'succeed' takes the preposition 'in' after it.
• The preposition 'in' is used while doing something; it is used to indicate opinion, belief, feeling, etc.
• For example:
• You need to be pretty tough to succeed in the property world.
• According to the above explanation option 3 will be the correct answer.

 

Hence the correct sentence is: I hope he'll succeed in his work.

The correct answer is 'Option (3)' i.e. 'floor'.

Key Points

• Floor: Refers to the base surface of a room, which matches the context of decoration.
• Example: The floor was covered with beautiful rugs.

Therefore, the correct answer is- 'Option 3'.

 

Additional Information

• Hour: Refers to a unit of time, which does not fit in the given context.
• Example: The meeting lasted for an hour.
• Flower: Refers to a plant bloom, which also does not suit the blank here.
• Example: The garden was full of flowers.
• Flor: This is not a standard English word and is incorrect.

The correct answer is "there may be no ultimate meaning or purpose"

Key Points

• The sentence "The meaning of life is a question that has puzzled philosophers for centuries," is making a statement about how the question of the meaning of life has been a topic of discussion for a long time.
• The phrase "there may be no ultimate meaning or purpose" is in the present tense, and it indicates that it's a possibility that philosophers haven't come to a conclusion about the meaning of life yet.
• Option 1) "there can be no ultimate meaning or purpose" is in present tense, the use of "can" implies a possibility of no ultimate meaning or purpose but it's a little bit stronger than "may" which is more appropriate in this context.
• Option 3) "there will be no ultimate meaning or purpose" is in future tense and it implies that it's certain that there will be no ultimate meaning or purpose. But the sentence only implies a possibility that philosophers haven't reached a conclusion yet.
• Option 4) "there be no ultimate meaning or purpose" is grammatically incorrect with missing helping verbs and it doesn't align with the context of the sentence.

Thus, option 2 is the correct answer.

Correct sentence: The meaning of life is a question that has puzzled philosophers for centuries, there may be no ultimate meaning or purpose.

The correct answer is “SQPR”.

<br>

Key Points

• The sentence begins effectively with "globalization and" (S), immediately indicating the broader contexts influencing the subject.
• Following the introduction of the broad contexts, "economic policies can have" (Q) introduces the specific factor being discussed within the context of globalization.
• With the subject of economic policies introduced, "a significant impact on" (P) logically describes the type of effect these policies can have.
• Finally, "the prosperity of a country" (R) completes the sentence by specifying what aspect of a country economic policies and globalization can significantly impact.

Hence, the correct answer is “Option 1”.

The correct answer is: Catastrophe.

<br>

Key Points

• Crisis is a critical and often unpredictable situation requiring immediate attention or resolution. (एक गंभीर और अक्सर अप्रत्याशित स्थिति जिस पर तत्काल ध्यान देने या समाधान की आवश्यकता होती है)
• Example: The financial crisis led to widespread economic challenges and job losses.
• Catastrophe means a sudden, widespread disaster or misfortune. (अचानक, व्यापक आपदा या दुर्भाग्य)
• Example: The earthquake in Haiti was a catastrophe that left thousands of people homeless.
• So, the synonym for "crisis" is "catastrophe".

Thus, option 2 is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Legacy means something inherited from a predecessor or from the past. (किसी पूर्ववर्ती या अतीत से विरासत में मिली कोई चीज़)
• Inhibition means a feeling that makes one self-conscious and unable to act in a relaxed and natural way. (एक ऐसी भावना जो व्यक्ति को आत्म-जागरूक बना देती है और आराम से और स्वाभाविक तरीके से कार्य करने में असमर्थ बना देती है)
• Hoard means to accumulate or store up a supply of something for future use. (भविष्य में उपयोग के लिए किसी चीज़ की आपूर्ति जमा करना या संग्रहीत करना)

The correct answer is: Option 1.

Key Points

• The word "initial" means occurring at the beginning; first. (प्रारंभिक)
• Example: In the initial stages of the project, we faced many challenges.
• "Terminal" refers to the end or extremity of something, especially a disease that is incurable and leads to death. (अंतिम)
• Example: The patient was in the terminal stage of cancer, where palliative care was the primary focus.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'initial' is 'terminal'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 1.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Innermost (अंतःस्थ): Situated farthest within.
• Example: She shared her innermost thoughts with her closest friend.
• Early (प्रारंभिक): Happening or done before the usual or expected time.
• Example: We caught an early train to avoid the rush.
• Outermost (सबसे बाहरी): Farthest from the center or on the outside.
• Example: The outermost layer of the Earth is called the crust.

The correct answer is 'birds of the same feather'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate idiomatic expression that can substitute the underlined segment "Both Nitin and Uday are of the same interests" is: birds of the same feather.
• Explanation: The idiom "birds of a feather" means people who are similar in character, interests, or behavior. It suggests that individuals who share similarities tend to associate with one another, much like birds of the same species flock together.
• Meanings of the idioms:
• under the weather - feeling unwell or sick.
• birds of the same feather - people who are similar in character, interests, or behavior.
• blowing smoke without fire - making statements or allegations without any evidence or basis.
• different kettles of fish - completely different situations or matters.
• In the given context, the correct answer "birds of the same feather" fits best as it implies that Nitin and Uday share similar interests or characteristics.

The correct answer is "Archive"

Key Points 

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Archive- a collection of historical documents or records providing information about a place, institution, or group of people.
• Example: These old photographs should go in the family archives.
• Let's look at the meaning of rest of the difficult words.
• Emporium- a large retail store selling a wide variety of goods.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 4"

Hinglish

• Archive- पुरालेख
• Emporium- बिक्री भंडार

The correct answer is 'Option 1' i.e. 'Necesity'.

<br>

Key Points

• This question requires identifying the word that is spelled incorrectly.
• The incorrectly spelled word in this question is 'Necesity'.
• The correct spelling of the word is 'Necessity' (आवश्यकता) .
• For example: Eating food is a necessity for survival.

Therefore, the correct answer is - 'Option 1' i.e. 'Necesity'.

<br>

Additional Information

• 'Weather' (Option 2) is spelled accurately(मौसम)
• 'Knowledge' (Option 3) is spelled accurately(ज्ञान)
• 'Modest' (Option 4) is spelled accurately(संकोची)

The correct answer is "crews".

Key Points

• The most appropriate homonym to fill in the blank in your sentence is "crews".
• A homonym is a word that has the same spelling and pronunciation as another word but has a different meaning. The blank in the sentence refers to the people who operate and maintain the German Submarine.
• Crews refers to a group of people who work together, especially on a ship or aircraft. The submarine's operations would be conducted by a crew, so "crews" is the correct word in this context.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Additional Information

• Now let's look at the options:
• Cruise: This word can be a noun meaning a journey by sea for pleasure where the voyage itself and not the destination is most important OR it can be a verb meaning to sail about in an area without a precise destination, often as a form of recreation. This meaning is not suitable for the blank because we're talking about the people aboard the ship, not the act of the journey.
• Crus: This is a somewhat obscure term and it's more related to biology and medical contexts, referring to the lower part or leg, or the lower posterior part of the human trunk. It's not suitable for this sentence.
• Cruse: This means a small container or jug for liquids like oil. This term doesn't fit the sentence's context either as we want to refer to the people operating the submarine, not a container.

The correct answer is 'ACBD'.

Key Points

• The given question is an example of a Para Jumble.
• We know that the first statement of a para-jumbled question is usually an independent general statement, a noun, a universal fact, starting of an incident, or it begins with 'most' or 'once'.
• Sentence A will be the first sentence because it is an introductory statement that tells us about the love story of the Taj Mahal.
• Sentence C will be used after it because it tells us how Prince Khurram fell in love with Arjumand Banu Begum in 1607.
• Banu Begum was the niece of Meherunissa (Nur Jahan). Meherunissa was the wife of Jahangir. Hence, Sentence B will be used next.
• Lastly, Sentence D will be used.
• Thus, the correct sequence: 
• A: The Taj Mahal's history is also one of the world's greatest love stories known to everyone.
• C: It all started in 1607, when Mughal Prince Khurram, first laid eyes on the lovely Arjumand Banu Begum.
• B: She was the neice of Meherunissa who was married to Prince Salim (later the Empress Nur Jahan.)
• D: Khurram, the son of Emperor Jahangir, Voiced his wish to marry Arjumand, and their marriage was celebrated with great pomp.
  

Correct Sequence: The Taj Mahal's history is also one of the world's greatest love stories known to everyone. It all started in 1607, when Mughal Prince Khurram, first laid eyes on the lovely Arjumand Banu Begum. She was the neice of Meherunissa who was married to Prince Salim (later the Empress Nur Jahan.) Khurram, the son of Emperor Jahangir, Voiced his wish to marry Arjumand, and their marriage was celebrated with great pomp.

Here, the erroneous part is "and me works on my short."

<br>

 Key Points

• The subject pronoun "me" is incorrect in this sentence as it should be the object pronoun "I."
• "I" is the subject of a sentence, while "me" is the object, meaning that we should use "I" if you are the one acting, while "me" is the word to use when an action is done to us.
• Example:
• I ate the fish.
• The fish ate me.
• The correct sentence should be "In practice rounds, my caddie, Greg, and I work on my short game with a baseball glove."
• The correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is "down."

Key Points

• The sentence is talking about men finding it hard to not accept challenges.
• Now, among the given options, the word "down" can correctly complete the given phrase.
• The phrase "turn down" means to reject or refuse something, so it fits the context of the sentence.(अस्वीकार कर देना)
• Example: They turned down my offer of help.
• Thus, the correct sentence will be:
• It's a challenge, as you yourself said, and men find it hard to turn down challenges.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• The phrase "turn up" means to arrive or appear, which also doesn't make sense in this context.(उप्स्थित)
• The phrase "turn below" doesn't make sense grammatically.
• The phrase "turn aside" means to avoid or divert from something. (निरस्त करें)

Here, the correct answer is "also too sweet."

Key Points     

• The error in the sentence is in the use of "to" instead of "too" in the phrase "to sweet."
• The correct word is "too," indicating an excessive degree.
• This version maintains consistency and uses the correct form of "too" to convey the idea of excessive sweetness.
• We must remove the redundant "as well" at the end of the sentence.
• The use of "too" already indicates excess, so "as well" is unnecessary.
• The correct answer is Option 4.
  

Correct sentence: The dessert was not just extremely hot but also too sweet.

The correct answer is The librarian told her that she could borrow only two books at a time. 

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Direct Speech. As per the given question we have to change it into Indirect Speech.
• The process of transformation as follows: 
• 'Said to' will be changed into 'told'.
• 'That' conjunction will be added.
• 'You' will be changed into 'She'. (Second-person -> Third-person)
• 'Can' will be changed into 'could'. (Direct to Indirect form)
  

Thus the correct answer is: The librarian told her that she could borrow only two books at a time.

The correct answer is: ​He said to them, "Bravo! you have done well."

Key Points

• The given sentence is in indirect speech and we need to convert it to direct speech.
• When we change an indirect speech to direct speech, we must follow these rules:
• The reporting verb 'applauded' changes to 'said to'.
• The given sentence is an example of an Exclamatory Sentence.
• The notion of these kinds of sentences is 'joy, sorrow, surprise, applause, detest, hate, etc.'
• Exclamatory words 'Ah!, Ha!, My God!, Oh!, Alas!, Bravo!' are added in direct Speech.
• An exclamatory sentence has a sign of exclamation after it, which changes into a full stop in the indirect speech.
• A comma (,) is added after the direct speech part.
• The first word of the direct speech is in capital letters.
• The pronoun 'they' changes to 'you'.
• 'had done' is in the past perfect tense. It changes to the present perfect tense 'have done'.
• Thus, option 1 is the correct answer.
  

**Hence, direct speech is- ​He said to them, "Bravo! you have done well."

The correct answer is "You will be laughed at by them"

Key Points

• The given sentence is in the active voice which has to be changed to the passive voice.
• There are a few rules to remember when hanging a sentence from active to passive voice.
• The second-person pronoun "you" is the object in the active voice which will become the subject clause in the passive voice.
• The passive voice constructions use the "to be" form of the verb which is "be" in the given passive voice sentence.
• The third-person subject pronoun "they" in the active voice will change to the third-person object pronoun "them" in the passive voice.
• The main verb "laugh"(V₁) in the active voice will take the past participle form(V₃) which is "laughed".
• Only option 3 has the correct passive voice sentence.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is: My grandfather has told me that the life span of many insects is very short.

Key Points

• Here, 'insects' is seen as a singular entity and considered as a whole.
• It mentions about not only just one insect, rather the whole insects.
• Also, 'grandfather' is a singular noun and a singular verb will follow it. Thus, option 3 is wrong as it has 'have' followed by the noun 'grandfather'.
• Option 1 is correct here.
• Example: The quality of the grapes is not good.

The correct sentence is: My grandfather has told me that the life span of many insects is very short.

The correct answer is 'pique'.

Key Points

• "Pique" is a noun meaning a sudden feeling of irritation or resentment, typically provoked by a perceived slight or indignity.
• In the context of the sentence, it suggests that the person departed from the meeting due to experiencing a sudden feeling of irritation or resentment.
• The phrase "fit of pique" is a common expression used to describe someone leaving or reacting strongly because they are annoyed or offended.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

Let's look at the rest of the options:

• Peke: This is a short term for a Pekingese, which is a type of dog. It doesn't fit in the sentence as it does not refer to a feeling or state of irritation or resentment.
• Peek: This refers to a quick or furtive look. In the context of the sentence, it doesn't make sense as it does not refer to a feeling or state of irritation or resentment.
• Peak: This can refer to the highest point, either physically (like the peak of a mountain) or metaphorically (like the peak of one's career). It doesn't fit in the sentence as it does not refer to a feeling or state of irritation or resentment.

The correct answer is “Conjunction”.

Key Points

• A conjunction is a part of speech used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences, e.g., "and," "but," "or," "because."
• In the sentence, before is used to connect two clauses: "She could sing" and "she could talk," indicating a time relation between the two activities.
• This use of before as a linking word between actions gives it the role of a conjunction.

Hence, the correct answer is ‘Option 3’.

 Additional Information

• A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to form a phrase modifying another word in the sentence. E.g., "on," "in," "at."

The correct answer is Option 1, "Ancient".

Key Points

• Antique: (प्राचीन) - Belonging to an earlier period, style, or fashion; old and often valuable.
• Example: They furnished their living room with antique furniture from the 18th century.
• Ancient: (अति प्राचीन) - Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence (for civilizations, cities, etc.
• Example: The museum houses ancient artifacts from the Bronze Age.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Ancient".

Additional Information

• New: (नया) - Not existing before; made, introduced, or discovered recently or now for the first time.
• Gothic: (गॉथिक) - Relating to the Goths or their extinct East Germanic language, which provides the name for a style of architecture, art, and literature.
• Modern: (आधुनिक) - Relating to the present or recent times as opposed to the remote past.

The Correct Answer for is 'Stimulate'

 Key Points

• 'Suppress' implies halting, stopping, or diminishing something. This could be a behavior, a response, an emotion, or anything that could be reduced or stopped.
• 'Stimulate', on the other hand, implies provoking or inducing a response. It is the opposite of suppress because it prompts or encourages the action or thing, instead of stopping or opposing it.
• The alternatives 'Suffocate', 'Lengthen' and 'Desolate' don’t reflect the antonym of 'Suppress'. 'Suffocate' and 'Desolate' imply processes of ending or destroying while 'Lengthen' implies extending.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1 'Stimulate'.

 Additional Information

• Stimulate: Encourage or arouse interest or enthusiasm in.
• Suffocate: Die or cause to die from lack of air or inability to breathe.
• Lengthen: Make or become longer.
• Desolate: A place uninhabited and giving an impression of bleak emptiness.

The correct answer is: To stop working.

Key Points

• The idiom "Call it a day" means to stop working for the day or to conclude an activity. (दिन का काम समाप्त करना)
• Example: After working on the project for 8 hours, we decided to call it a day.

Therefore, the correct answer is: To stop working.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• To have the greatest day ever (अब तक का सबसे अच्छा दिन बिताना): To experience an exceptionally good day.
• Example: Winning the championship made it the greatest day ever for the team.
• To be very straightforward (बहुत स्पष्ट होना): To be direct and clear in communication.
• Example: He is known to be very straightforward in his opinions.
• To refer to something as something else (किसी चीज को किसी और चीज के रूप में संदर्भित करना): To call or name something by a different term.
• Example: He often refers to his car as his baby.

The correct answer is, 'contemporary'.

Key Points

• Contemporary is a noun which means someone or something living at the same time.
• Synonym- current, latest, recent.
• Example- Their house is built in contemporary style.
• Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct answer is -'Contemporary'.

Additional Information

• accomplice- an associate in performing a crime.
• activist- one who campaigns for a change.
• adjutant- an assistant.

The correct answer is 'Neighbour's'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling is 'Neighbour's' which refers to a person who lives near you.
• Ex -  I got chatting with my neighbour in the garden.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

The correct answer is "pay attention".

Key Points

• The most suitable option to fill in the blank is "pay attention".
• The filled sentence would read: "If you want to pass this hurdle, you should pay attention to what your mentor says."
• "Pay attention" - This is a commonly used phrase for describing the act of focusing or directing one's thoughts or gaze onto something, often to notice or understand more about the object of focus. This is contextually accurately applied when listening to a mentor, so it is the right fit.
• So, in the context of the sentence, and considering the standard English usage, "pay attention" is the most appropriate choice. It stresses the importance of active and focused listening, as advice from a mentor is valuable and can help one overcome challenges or 'hurdles'.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Additional Information

• Here is a detailed explanation:
• "Listen honestly" - While the phrase "listen honestly" imparts a certain meaning, it is not a commonly used English phrase. Listening honestly could be understood as being open, receptive, and without bias. However, this wording isn't usually chosen for this context.
• "Put focus" - The expression "to put focus on" is not quite correct in English. You might "focus on" something, but the verb "put" doesn't commonly team up with "focus" in the way intended here.
• "Pay ears" - This phrase is not grammatically accurate or commonly used in English. While it is understood to mean listening, the common phrase for this action would be "lend an ear," not "pay ears."

The correct sequence is P, Q, R, S.

Key Points

The correct sequence logically develops the argument from the initial statement (S1) to the concluding one (S6).

• S1: "The recent advancements in AI technology have significantly impacted the job market." This sentence introduces the topic of AI's impact on jobs.
• P: "Some fear that automation will lead to massive job losses across sectors." This sentence introduces the primary concern, a direct consequence of the impact mentioned in S1. It sets up the rest of the discussion by presenting the negative viewpoint.
• Q: "However, history shows that technology has always been a net creator of jobs." The word "However" signals a shift in perspective, directly countering the fear expressed in P by providing a historical counter-argument.
• R: "Critics argue that this time might be different due to the pace and nature of technological change." This sentence acknowledges a new objection. It counters the historical argument made in Q by highlighting why the past might not be a reliable predictor for the future.
• S: "Yet, there is optimism that the evolution of new sectors will mitigate the impacts of job displacements." The word "Yet" introduces a hopeful perspective. It refutes the critics' argument in R, suggesting that even with rapid change, the positive outcome (creation of new sectors) will outweigh the negative one (job displacement).
• S6: "Automation is expected to create more jobs than it displaces by enhancing productivity and creating new industries." This sentence concludes the argument, reinforcing the optimism presented in S and providing a detailed reason for it. It brings the discussion to a close by confirming the positive outlook.

The correct answer is 'I tried hardly to teach her'.

Key Points

• The error in the sentence is with the usage of 'hardly'.
• 'Hardly' means barely or scarcely and is not the adverb form of 'hard'.
• The correct word to use here is 'hard', which means with a great deal of effort.
• Therefore, the sentence should be "I tried hard to teach her my sign language, but she was dull and lazy."
• This sentence implies that the speaker made a significant effort to teach the other person sign language, but the person was not responsive.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is 'Would'.

 Key Points

• The given sentence "__________ that I were rich !" expresses a hypothetical wish or situation.
• 'Would' is the most suitable to use in this context as it is used to express desires, preferences, and hypothetical situations.
• Correct Sentence: Would that I were rich !

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

 Additional Information

• 'Shall' and 'Will' are used to express future tense or to make offers or suggestions, which are not fitting in this context.
• 'Should' is used for giving advice or expressing what we think is right or wrong, which does not fit the given sentence.

The correct answer is 'got an unfair treatment'.

Key Points

• The phrase in question is 'got a raw deal', means to be treated unfairly or harshly. ('निष्पक्ष व्यवहार नहीं मिला' or 'अन्यायपूर्ण व्यवहार मिला').
• For example: Despite his hard work, Sam got a raw deal at the company.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'option 2'.

The correct answer is 'Swara requested Dhruv to close the door'.

 Key Points

• The given sentence is an example of an imperative sentence. The given sentence is in the form of direct speech.
• As per the question, we have to change it into indirect speech.
• Basic rules for changing or converting direct speech into indirect speech:​
• 'Comma' and 'inverted comma' are omitted in indirect speech and are replaced by connecting words to form sentences.
• Changes are made in the direct sentence or the sentence in inverted commas according to the reporting verb.
• 'Said to' is changed to 'requested' in the indirect speech as the sentence expresses a request.
• The use of 'please' in the indirect speech is omitted as 'requested' shows a polite expression.

Based on these rules**, Option 1** becomes the correct answer.