SSC MTS 2024 Official Paper (Held On: 15 Oct, 2024 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

Given:

Principal (P) = ₹2000

Rate of Interest (R) = 7% per year

Time (T) = 2 years

Formula Used:

Simple Interest (SI) =$\frac{P × R × T}{100}$

Calculation:

SI = $\frac{2000 × 7 × 2}{100}$

⇒ SI = $\frac{28000}{100}$

⇒ SI = 280

The simple interest is ₹280.

Given:

Length of the first train = 280 metres

Length of the second train = 260 metres

Speed of the first train = 58 km/hr

Speed of the second train = 50 km/hr

Formula Used:

Time = Total Distance / Relative Speed

Calculation:

Total Distance = 280 + 260 = 540 metres

Relative Speed = 58 + 50 = 108 km/hr

Convert speed to m/s:

108 km/hr = 108 × (1000/3600) m/s

108 km/hr = 108 × (5/18) m/s

108 km/hr = 30 m/s

Time = Total Distance / Relative Speed

⇒ Time = 540 / 30

⇒ Time = 18 seconds

The correct answer is option 2.

Given:

Total sum = ₹312

Total number of children = 100

Each boy gets = ₹3.60

Each girl gets = ₹2.40

Formula used:

Let number of boys = x → then girls = 100 - x

Total amount = (boys × 3.60) + (girls × 2.40)

Calculation:

 3.60x + 2.40(100 - x) = 312 

⇒ 3.60x + 240 - 2.40x = 312

⇒ (3.60 - 2.40)x = 312 - 240

⇒ 1.20x = 72

⇒ $x = \frac{72}{1.20} = 60$

⇒ Number of boys = 60

⇒ Number of girls = 100 - 60 = 40

∴ The number of girls is 40.

Given:

Side of equilateral triangle (s) = 14 cm

Formula used:

Area of an equilateral triangle = $\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{4} s^2$

Calculation:

Area = $\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{4} \times 14^2$

⇒ $\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{4} \times 196$

⇒ $\dfrac{196\sqrt{3}}{4}$

⇒ $49\sqrt{3}$ cm²

∴ The area of the equilateral triangle is $49\sqrt{3}$ cm².

Shortcut Trick

Effective Discount % = [1 − (Paid Price % ÷ Received Quantity %)] × 100

Paid Price % = 100% − 15% = 85%

Received Quantity % = 100% − 10% = 90%

Effective Multiplier = 85 ÷ 90 = 17/18

Effective Discount % = (1 − 17/18) × 100 = 1/18 × 100 = 5.55...%

Rounding to one decimal place, we get 5.6%.

∴ The correct answer is 5.6%.

Alternate Method

Given: Total rice = 25 kg, Price = ₹1,400, Discount offered = 15%, Quantity cheated = 10% less.

Formula: Effective Price per unit = Total Paid ÷ Total Quantity Received

⇒ Original rate per kg = 1400 ÷ 25 = ₹56

⇒ Discounted total amount paid = 1400 − (15% of 1400) = 1400 − 210 = ₹1,190

⇒ Actual quantity received by customer = 25 − (10% of 25) = 25 − 2.5 = 22.5 kg

⇒ Effective price paid per kg = 1190 ÷ 22.5 = ₹52.888...

⇒ Discount amount per kg = 56 − 52.888 = ₹3.111

⇒ Effective Discount % = (3.111 ÷ 56) × 100 = 5.555...%

⇒ Correct to one decimal place = 5.6%

∴ The correct answer is 5.6%.

Additional Information

Dishonest Dealer Profit Concept

Profit % = [ (True Weight − Faulty Weight) ÷ Faulty Weight ] × 100. This is used when the dealer cheats on quantity while selling.

Successive Percentage Changes

For two successive changes of a% and b%, the net change is given by [ a + b + (ab ÷ 100) ] %. For discounts, use negative values.

Effective Rate Method

Effective Discount = [ 1 − (Ratio of Final Cost ÷ Ratio of Final Quantity) ] × 100. This helps solve combined price-quantity variation problems quickly.

Given:

Principal (P) = ₹4000

Rate of interest (R) = 4% per year

Time (T) = 5 years

Formula Used:

Simple Interest (SI) = (P × R × T) / 100

Calculation:

⇒ SI = (4000 × 4 × 5) / 100

⇒ SI = 80000 / 100

⇒ SI = 800

The simple interest is ₹800.

Given:

Raman's cost price = ₹2400

Raman sells to Rohan at 8% loss

Rohan sells to Soham at 12.5% gain

Soham wants to gain 15%

Formula used:

Selling Price = Cost Price × $\left(1 \pm \frac{\text{Gain or Loss}}{100}\right)$

Calculation:

Raman's SP to Rohan = 2400 × (1 - 8/100) = 2400 × 0.92 = ₹2208

Rohan's SP to Soham = 2208 × (1 + 12.5/100) = 2208 × 1.125 = ₹2484

Soham wants 15% profit → SP = 2484 × (1 + 15/100) = 2484 × 1.15 = ₹2856.6

∴ Soham should sell the iron at ₹2856.60

Given:

Final examination score = 75

Final project score = 90

Weight of final examination = 60%

Weight of final project = 40%

Formula Used:

Final grade = (Final examination score × Weight of final examination) + (Final project score × Weight of final project)

Calculation:

Weight of final examination = 60/100 = 0.6

Weight of final project = 40/100 = 0.4

Final grade = (75 × 0.6) + (90 × 0.4)

⇒ Final grade = 45 + 36

⇒ Final grade = 81

The final grade of the student is 81.

Given:

The ratio of the base radii of two cylinders = 5 : 6

The ratio of their corresponding heights = 49 : 36

Formula Used:

Volume of a cylinder = πr²h

The ratio of volumes = (r₁²h₁) : (r₂²h₂)

Calculation:

Let r₁ = 5, r₂ = 6, h₁ = 49, h₂ = 36

The ratio of volumes = (r₁²h₁) : (r₂²h₂)

⇒ (5² × 49) : (6² × 36)

⇒ (25 × 49) : (36 × 36)

⇒ 1225 : 1296

The correct answer is option 2.

Given:

Principal (P) = ₹3,500

Rate (R) = 15% per annum

Time (T) = 5 years

Formula Used:

Simple Interest (SI) =$\frac{P × R × T}{100}$

Calculation:

SI = ₹3,500 × 15 × 5 / 100

SI = ₹3,500 × 75 / 100

SI = ₹2,625

The simple interest on ₹3,500 at 15% per annum for 5 years is ₹2,625.

Given:

Amita goes every 2nd day

Amrita goes every 3rd day

Tosita goes every 6th day

All went on 31 Oct 2021

Find number of common attendance days in Nov & Dec 2021

Formula used:

Find LCM of 2, 3, and 6 = Common interval when all three attend together

Calculation:

LCM(2, 3, 6) = 6 → All attend every 6th day

Days from 1 Nov to 31 Dec = 30 (Nov) + 31 (Dec) = 61 days

We start counting from 31 Oct, so next common attendance = 6th day after 31 Oct = 6 Nov

List all dates from 6 Nov to 31 Dec with gap of 6 days:

6 Nov, 12 Nov, 18 Nov, 24 Nov, 30 Nov

6 Dec, 12 Dec, 18 Dec, 24 Dec, 30 Dec

Total = 10 dates

∴ All three attended office together on 10 days during Nov & Dec 2021

Given:

Table showing number of different types of batteries sold over the years (in lakhs).

Formula used:

Percentage change = [(New value - Old value) / Old value] × 100

Calculation:

Total batteries sold in 2011 = 82 + 100 + 130 + 120 = 432 lakhs

Total batteries sold in 2013 = 85 + 165 + 112 + 162 = 524 lakhs

Difference = 524 - 432 = 92 lakhs

Percentage increase = (92 / 432) × 100

Percentage increase ≈ 21.29%

Rounded off to the nearest integer = 21%

∴ The total number of all types of batteries sold in 2013 is 21% more than the total number of all types of batteries sold in 2011.

∴ The correct answer is option 1. More, 21%

Given:

Income ratio (Rama : Ganga) = 4 : 3

Expenditure ratio (Rama : Ganga) = 3 : 2

Savings of each = ₹2700

Formula used:

Savings = Income - Expenditure

Calculation:

Let incomes be:

Rama = 4x, Ganga = 3x

Let expenditures be:

Rama = 3y, Ganga = 2y

Savings:

Rama → 4x - 3y = 2700 ... (1)

Ganga → 3x - 2y = 2700 ... (2)

Multiply (1) by 2: 8x - 6y = 5400

Multiply (2) by 3: 9x - 6y = 8100

Subtract: (9x - 6y) - (8x - 6y) = 8100 - 5400

⇒ x = 2700

Put x = 2700 in (2):

3×2700 - 2y = 2700

8100 - 2y = 2700

2y = 5400 ⇒ y = 2700

Now find expenditures:

Rama = 3y = 3×2700 = ₹8100

Ganga = 2y = 2×2700 = ₹5400

∴ Expenditures of Rama and Ganga are ₹8100 and ₹5400 respectively.

Given:

A gets double the votes of B

Margin = 150 votes

10% of total votes are invalid

Calculation:

A = 2B

Margin = A - B = 150

Valid votes = A + B

Total votes = Valid votes ÷ 0.90

Let B = x → A = 2x

Margin = 2x - x = x = 150

⇒ x = 150

⇒ B = 150, A = 2×150 = 300

Valid votes = A + B = 300 + 150 = 450

Total votes = 450 ÷ 0.90 = 500

∴ Total number of votes polled = 500

Given:

Weights of the family members = 40 kg, 49 kg, 56 kg, 67 kg, 38 kg

Formula Used:

Average weight = Sum of weights / Number of members

Calculation:

Sum of weights = 40 + 49 + 56 + 67 + 38

Sum of weights = 250 kg

Number of members = 5

Average weight = 250 / 5

⇒ Average weight = 50 kg

The average weight of the family is 50 kg.

Given:

People watching:

Action = 36

Sci-fi = 25

Animation = 72

Drama = 65

Horror = 83

Formula used:

Percentage = $\frac{\text{Group A total}}{\text{Group B total}} \times 100$

Calculation:

Action + Sci-fi + Animation = 36 + 25 + 72 = 133

Drama + Horror = 65 + 83 = 148

Required % = $\frac{133}{148} \times 100 \approx 89.86$

Rounded to nearest integer = 90%

∴ Required percentage = 90%

Given:

Marked Price (MP) = ₹1500

Discount = 19%

Gain = 8%

Formula used:

Selling Price (SP) = MP × $(1 - \frac{\text{Discount}}{100})$

Cost Price (CP) = SP ÷ $(1 + \frac{\text{Gain}}{100})$

Required % = $\frac{MP - CP}{CP} \times 100$

Calculation:

SP = 1500 × (1 - 0.19) = 1500 × 0.81 = ₹1215

CP = 1215 ÷ 1.08 = ₹1125

Required % = $\frac{1500 - 1125}{1125} \times 100 = \frac{375}{1125} \times 100 = 33.33$

∴ The article was marked $33\frac{1}{3}$ above the cost price.

Given:

Radius of original sphere (R) = 15 cm

Radius of each small ball (r) = 3 cm

Formula used:

Volume of sphere = $\frac{4}{3}\pi r^3$

Surface area of sphere = $4\pi r^2$

Calculation:

Volume of original sphere = $\frac{4}{3}\pi (15)^3 = \frac{4}{3}\pi × 3375 = 4500\pi$

Volume of one small ball = $\frac{4}{3}\pi (3)^3 = \frac{4}{3}\pi × 27 = 36\pi$

No. of small balls = $\frac{4500\pi}{36\pi} = 125$

Surface area of original sphere = $4\pi (15)^2 = 4\pi × 225 = 900\pi$

Surface area of 1 small ball = $4\pi (3)^2 = 4\pi × 9 = 36\pi$

Total surface area of 125 balls = $125 × 36\pi = 4500\pi$

Required ratio = $\frac{900\pi}{4500\pi} = \frac{1}{5}$

∴ Required ratio = 1 : 5

Given:

The average of nine consecutive integers is 54.

Formula Used:

Average of an odd number of consecutive integers = Middle integer

Calculation:

Let the nine consecutive integers be x - 4, x - 3, x - 2, x - 1, x, x + 1, x + 2, x + 3, x + 4 .

The average of these integers is the middle integer, which is xx .

Given that the average is 54, we have:

⇒ x = 54

The integers are: 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58

The second largest of these integers is:

⇒ 57

The correct answer is option 1.

Given:

Initial distance between thief and policeman = 300 m

Speed of policeman = 10 km/h

Speed of thief = 11 km/h

Time = 12 minutes = 12 ÷ 60 = 0.2 hours

Formula used:

Relative speed = Thief's speed − Policeman's speed

Distance = Relative speed × Time

Calculation:

Relative speed = 11 − 10 = 1 km/h

Distance increased in 0.2 hrs = 1 × 0.2 = 0.2 km = 200 m

New distance = 300 + 200 = 500 m

∴ Distance between them after 12 minutes = 500 m

The embedded figure is 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is:

'FORK' is coded as 'GLWD'

'CAVF' is coded as 'DXAY'

Similarly,

 'TRHA' is coded as

Thus,  'TRHA' is coded as 'UOMT'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given code language:

Thus, code for eraser is 'rq'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given image series:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given image:

Logic: Rotate 90° clockwise direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The mirror image of given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: 1st number + 9 = 2nd number.

22, 31

→ 22 + 9

→ 31 = 2nd number.

and

26, 35

→ 26 + 9

→ 35 = 2nd number.

Similarly,

Option 1)

38, 47

→ 38 + 9

→ 47 = 2nd number.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

'CORNER' is written as 'REORNC'

'BUDGET' is written as 'TEUDGB'

Similarly,

'DEVICE'

Thus, 'DEVICE' is written as 'ECEVID'

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given: 35 × 7 ÷ 6 + 3 – 14 = ?

Sign Interchange: '+' and '–', and '×' and '÷'.

After sign Interchange: 35 ÷ 7 × 6 – 3 + 14

Apply the order of operations (BODMAS).

→ 35 ÷ 7 × 6 – 3 + 14

→ 5 × 6 – 3 + 14

→ 30 – 3 + 14

→ 27 + 14

→  41

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The least possible venn diagram:

Conclusions:

(I) Some markers are erasers → True (As,  All pens are markers, Some erasers are pens. so, Some markers are erasers holds true)

(II) All markers are pens → False (As, All pens are markers is given. so, All markers are pens is possibility but not definite)

Thus, Only conclusion (I) follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed here is:

Thus, 'NPS' will be the next in the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given:

JMGI is related to QTNP

GJDF is related to NQKM

Similarly,

DGAC

Thus, 'DGAC' is written as ' KNHJ'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given: 16 ÷ 8 + 13 + 36 × 18 – 3 = ?

Sign Interchange '+' and '–', and '×' and '÷'.

After sign interchange: 16 × 8 – 13 – 36 ÷ 18 + 3

Apply the order of operations (BODMAS).

→ 16 × 8 – 13 – 36 ÷ 18 + 3

→ 16 × 8 – 13 – 2 + 3

→ 128 – 13 – 2 + 3

→ 115 – 2 + 3

→ 116

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given:

A, B, C, D, E, F and G are sitting around a circular table facing the centre.

G sits second to the left of B. Only E sits between F and G.

D sits third to the left of E. A is not an immediate neighbour of D.

Thus, 'A'  sits fourth to the right of C.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Given:

Seven friends, A, B, C, D, E, F and G, are sitting around a circular table, facing the centre.

C is sitting second to the left of A.

G and E both are C's immediate neighbours and G is not an immediate neighbour of A.

 D is an immediate neighbour of both A and F. B is sitting to the immediate right of F. . 

Thus, 'F' is the immediate neighbour of both B and D.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

Logic: {√(1st number + 1) + 1}² - 1 = 2nd number.

3 is related to 8

→ {√(3+ 1) + 1}2 - 1 

→ {√4 + 1}2 - 1 

→ {2 + 1}2 - 1 

→ {3}2 - 1 

→ 9 - 1.

→ 8. = 2nd number

24 is related to 35

→ {√(24+ 1) + 1}2 - 1 

→ {√25 + 1}2 - 1 

→ {5 + 1}2 - 1 

→ {6}2 - 1 

→ 36 - 1.

→ 35. = 2nd number

Similarly,

99 is related

→ {√(99+ 1) + 1}2 - 1 

→ {√100 + 1}2 - 1 

→ {10 + 1}2 - 1 

→ {11}2 - 1 

→ 121 - 1.

→ 120.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given:

CJ16 is related to EL26

MT42 is related to OV52

Similarly,

HO11

Thus, 'HO11' is related to 'JQ21'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

Thus, 30 will be the next number in the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The least possible venn diagram:

Conclusions:

(I) Some violins are sitars → True (As, Some violins are tablas, All tablas are sitars. so, Some violins are sitars holds true)

(II) Some flutes are tablas → False (As, there is no direct relation between them)

Thus, Only conclusion (I) follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given code language:

steady is common in both code language.

Thus, code for Steady is 'mi'

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The correct answer is Pulakesin II.

Key Points

• Pulakesin II was a renowned Chalukya king who ruled over the Deccan region.
• Harshavardhana, the ruler of North India, attempted to expand his influence to the Deccan and South India.
• Pulakesin II decisively defeated Harshavardhana near the banks of the river Narmada around 618-619 AD, halting his southern expansion.
• This victory is recorded in the Aihole inscription, composed by Pulakesin II's court poet, Ravikirti.
• The defeat of Harshavardhana by Pulakesin II is considered a significant event in Indian history as it marked the limit of Harshavardhana's territorial expansion.

Additional Information

• Harshavardhana
• Harshavardhana, also known as Harsha, was an Indian emperor who ruled North India from 606 to 647 AD.
• He established his capital at Kannauj and was known for his patronage of arts and literature.
• Harsha's reign is well-documented by the Chinese traveler Xuanzang (Hiuen Tsang).
• Chalukya Dynasty
• The Chalukya dynasty was an important South Indian dynasty that ruled large parts of southern and central India between the 6th and 12th centuries.
• Pulakesin II was one of the most notable rulers of the Chalukya dynasty.
• Aihole Inscription
• The Aihole inscription is a famous historical record composed by Ravikirti, the court poet of Pulakesin II.
• It documents the achievements of Pulakesin II, including his victory over Harshavardhana.
• Narmada River
• The Narmada River is one of the major rivers in central India, flowing westwards over a length of about 1,312 km.
• The battle between Harshavardhana and Pulakesin II took place near this river.

The correct answer is 1860.

Key Points

• James Wilson, a Scottish economist and politician, presented India's first budget on 18 February 1860.
• He was the founder of The Economist magazine and also served as the Finance Member in the Council of the Governor-General of India.
• The budget was presented during the tenure of Lord Canning, the then Governor-General of India.
• This budget laid the groundwork for financial governance and economic management in British India.
• James Wilson's budget was aimed at addressing the financial challenges post the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Additional Information

• Indian Rebellion of 1857
• Also known as the First War of Indian Independence, it was a major, but ultimately unsuccessful, uprising against the British East India Company.
• The rebellion led to significant changes in British policies and governance in India.
• After the rebellion, the British Crown took direct control of India from the East India Company.
• Lord Canning
• He was the Governor-General of India during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the first Viceroy of India.
• He played a crucial role in the reorganization of the Indian administration post-rebellion.
• James Wilson's Contributions
• Besides presenting India's first budget, he established the paper currency system in India.
• He introduced several financial and tax reforms that had long-lasting impacts on the Indian economy.
• Economic Reforms Post-1857
• The British government introduced various reforms to stabilize the economy and administration of India post-rebellion.
• These included the introduction of income tax and the establishment of a structured financial administration.

The correct answer is zone of exclusion.

Key Points

• The zone of exclusion is a cytoplasmic region surrounding the Golgi apparatus where no other organelles are present.
• This clear zone helps in the efficient functioning of the Golgi complex by providing an unobstructed area for vesicle formation and transport.
• The Golgi complex is a critical organelle involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or use within the cell.
• The zone of exclusion ensures that the Golgi complex remains free from interference by other cellular structures, facilitating its role in cellular logistics.

Additional Information

• Golgi Apparatus
• Also known as the Golgi complex or Golgi body, it is an essential cell organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.
• It was discovered by the Italian scientist Camillo Golgi in 1898.
• The main function of the Golgi apparatus is to process and package macromolecules like proteins and lipids that are synthesized by the cell.
• It is composed of flattened membranous sacs known as cisternae.
• Vesicle Transport
• Vesicles are small structures within the cell that transport substances between organelles and to the cell membrane for secretion.
• The formation and transport of vesicles are crucial for the functioning of the Golgi apparatus.
• Vesicle-mediated transport ensures that proteins and lipids reach their correct destinations within or outside the cell.
• Cytoplasm
• The cytoplasm is the gel-like substance enclosed within the cell membrane and outside the nuclear membrane.
• It contains all organelles and cell parts, providing a medium for chemical reactions to occur.
• The cytoplasm plays a role in maintaining cell shape and consistency, and in storing nutrients and waste products.
• Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
• The ER is a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
• It comes in two forms: rough ER (with ribosomes on its surface) and smooth ER (without ribosomes).
• The rough ER is involved in protein synthesis and quality control, while the smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification processes.

The correct answer is Only i and ii.

Key Points

• Uddeshika stupa was created as a memorial, often constructed to commemorate significant events or places associated with Buddha's life.
• Paribhogika stupa contained the buried bodily remains (relics) of Buddha or other important monks, serving as a relic shrine.
• Bharhut stupa is not situated in Uttar Pradesh; it is located in Madhya Pradesh.
• Bharhut stupa is renowned for its intricate railings and gateways adorned with detailed carvings depicting Jataka tales.

Additional Information

• Sanchi Stupa: Located in Madhya Pradesh, it is one of the oldest stone structures in India and a significant monument of Buddhist architecture.
• Amaravati Stupa: Situated in Andhra Pradesh, this stupa is known for its rich and elaborate carvings depicting scenes from the life of the Buddha.
• Great Stupa at Sanchi: Originally commissioned by Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE, it has a large hemispherical dome and houses relics of the Buddha.
• Stupa Components: Key elements include the dome (anda), the square railing (harmika) atop the dome, and the central pillar (yasti) symbolizing the axis mundi.
• Function of Stupas: Stupas functioned as places of meditation, pilgrimage, and veneration, reflecting the spread and influence of Buddhism.

The correct answer is Right to equality.

Key Points

• The Right to Equality is enshrined in Articles 14 to 18 of the Indian Constitution.
• It guarantees that every citizen shall be treated equally before the law and prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
• Denial of entry to a public place based on caste is a direct violation of Article 15(2), which prohibits discrimination on such grounds in public places.
• This fundamental right ensures that all citizens have equal access to public places like shops, restaurants, hotels, and places of public entertainment.

Additional Information

• Article 14: Ensures equality before the law and equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.
• Article 15: Prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
• Article 16: Guarantees equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
• Article 17: Abolishes "untouchability" and forbids its practice in any form.
• Article 18: Abolishes titles except military and academic distinctions.

The correct answer is birth of Lord Rama.

Key Points

• Ram Navami is a Hindu festival that celebrates the birth of Lord Rama, the seventh avatar of the god Vishnu.
• It falls on the ninth day of the Hindu lunar calendar month of Chaitra, which typically occurs in March or April.
• Lord Rama is believed to have been born at noon, and this time is marked by special prayers and rituals.
• The festival is celebrated with various activities including fasting, singing devotional songs, reading the Ramayana, and visiting temples.

Additional Information

• Significance of Ram Navami
• Ram Navami marks the descent of Vishnu as Lord Rama, who is considered a symbol of virtue and chivalry.
• Lord Rama's story is chronicled in the ancient Indian epic, the Ramayana, which is revered by Hindus worldwide.
• Celebration Practices
• Devotees clean and decorate their homes, perform puja (worship), and recite verses from the Ramayana.
• Many people observe a day-long fast, breaking it only after performing evening prayers.
• Temples and Public Celebrations
• In Ayodhya, the birthplace of Lord Rama, grand celebrations are held with processions, and the city is illuminated with lights.
• Temples dedicated to Lord Rama organize special events, including recitations of the Ramayana and theatrical performances of his life story.
• Symbolic Importance
• Lord Rama's life and deeds exemplify righteousness, moral values, and the importance of fulfilling one's duties.
• Ram Navami serves as a reminder of these virtues, inspiring devotees to embody these qualities in their lives.

The correct answer is Champai Soren.

Key Points

• Champai Soren was sworn in as the 12th Chief Minister of Jharkhand in February 2024.
• He is a member of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) party.
• Soren has previously held various ministerial positions in the Jharkhand state government.
• His political career is known for focusing on the rights and welfare of the tribal communities in Jharkhand.
• Soren succeeded Hemant Soren, who was the 11th Chief Minister of Jharkhand.

Additional Information

• Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM)
• It is a state political party in Jharkhand founded by Shibu Soren.
• The party primarily focuses on the issues of tribal rights and regional development.
• JMM has been influential in Jharkhand politics since the state's formation in 2000.
• Tribal Welfare in Jharkhand
• Jharkhand has a significant tribal population, comprising around 26% of the state's total population.
• Various state and central government schemes aim to improve the socio-economic status of the tribal communities.
• Key initiatives include educational scholarships, health programs, and land rights legislation.
• Political Landscape of Jharkhand
• Jharkhand has a multi-party system with major parties including JMM, BJP, and Congress.
• Political dynamics in the state often revolve around issues like tribal rights, resource management, and industrial development.
• The state has witnessed frequent changes in leadership and coalition governments.
• Hemant Soren
• He served as the 11th Chief Minister of Jharkhand.
• He is also a member of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM).
• His tenure focused on tribal welfare, development projects, and combating corruption.

The correct answer is Art - Playback Singing.

Key Points

• Udit Narayan is a renowned playback singer in the Indian film industry, predominantly known for his work in Bollywood.
• He has lent his voice to numerous hit songs in various Indian languages, making him a celebrated figure in the music industry.
• In recognition of his significant contributions to the field of playback singing, he was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2016.
• The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in India, conferred to individuals for distinguished service of a high order in any field.
• Udit Narayan's melodious voice has earned him multiple awards and accolades throughout his career, including several Filmfare Awards.

Additional Information

• Padma Awards
• The Padma Awards include Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Shri.
• These awards are announced annually on Republic Day and are among the highest civilian honors in India.
• Padma Vibhushan is awarded for exceptional and distinguished service, Padma Bhushan for distinguished service of a high order, and Padma Shri for distinguished service in any field.
• Playback Singing
• Playback singing is a recording technique in which singers pre-record songs for movies, and actors lip-sync to the songs on screen.
• This practice is highly prevalent in the Indian film industry, particularly in Bollywood.
• Some of the most famous playback singers in India include Lata Mangeshkar, Kishore Kumar, and Asha Bhosle.
• Udit Narayan's Career
• Udit Narayan began his career in the early 1980s and quickly rose to fame with his versatile singing style.
• He has sung in numerous languages, including Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Bengali.
• Some of his most popular songs include "Pehla Nasha," "Tip Tip Barsa Pani," and "Papa Kehte Hain."
• Filmfare Awards
• The Filmfare Awards are one of the oldest and most prestigious film awards in India, presented annually by The Times Group.
• They recognize artistic and technical excellence in the Hindi film industry.
• Udit Narayan has won several Filmfare Awards for Best Male Playback Singer throughout his career.

The correct answer is Sutlej.

Key Points

• The Sutlej River is known as 'Langchen Khambab' in Tibet.
• It is the longest of the five rivers that flow through the historic region of Punjab in northern India and Pakistan.
• The Sutlej originates from Lake Rakshastal in Tibet near Mount Kailash.
• It flows through India and Pakistan, eventually merging with the Chenab River in Pakistan.
• The Sutlej plays a vital role in the Indus Basin irrigation system, which is crucial for agriculture in the region.

Additional Information

• Geographical Importance
• The Sutlej is an essential part of the Indus River system, contributing significantly to the region's water resources.
• It supports extensive irrigation systems that are critical for the agriculture of Punjab in both India and Pakistan.
• Hydropower Projects
• The Sutlej River hosts several hydropower projects, such as the Bhakra-Nangal Dam, which is one of the largest dams in India.
• These projects are vital for generating electricity and providing water for irrigation.
• Historical Significance
• The river has been historically significant, with several ancient civilizations and cities flourishing along its banks.
• It has been a crucial route for trade and cultural exchange between India and Tibet.
• Environmental Concerns
• Like many rivers, the Sutlej faces environmental challenges such as pollution, over-extraction of water, and impacts of climate change.
• Efforts are being made to address these issues through sustainable management practices.

The correct answer is Gopal Krishna Gokhale.

Key Points

• Bal Gangadhar Tilak, a prominent Indian nationalist leader, described Gopal Krishna Gokhale as the "diamond of India".
• Gokhale was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress and a social reformer during the Indian independence movement.
• He was known for his moderate views and advocacy of dialogue and reform over confrontation with the British government.
• Gokhale founded the Servants of India Society in 1905, which worked for the expansion of education and social welfare in India.

Additional Information

• Indian National Congress (INC)
• Founded in 1885, the INC was a major political party in India that led the country to independence.
• It played a crucial role in the Indian freedom struggle against British rule.
• Servants of India Society
• Founded by Gokhale in 1905, it aimed to promote education, sanitation, healthcare, and fight against social evils.
• The society was instrumental in mobilizing public opinion for social reforms.
• Bal Gangadhar Tilak
• Known as "Lokmanya", Tilak was a fiery independence activist and a contemporary of Gokhale.
• He was a proponent of self-rule and used the slogan "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it".
• Moderates and Extremists
• In the early 20th century, the INC was divided into two factions: the Moderates led by Gokhale, and the Extremists led by Tilak.
• Moderates advocated for gradual reforms, while Extremists favored more direct action against British rule.

The correct answer is Ruskin Bond.

Key Points

• Ruskin Bond is a celebrated Indian author of British descent.
• He has written numerous novels, short stories, and children's books.
• Notable works include 'The Blue Umbrella', 'The Cherry Tree', and 'The Hidden Pool'.
• His works are characterized by their simplicity and the depiction of nature and rural life in India.

Additional Information

• Ruskin Bond's Literary Contributions
• He has written over 500 short stories, essays, and novels.
• His first novel, 'The Room on the Roof', won the John Llewellyn Rhys Prize in 1957.
• He was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1992 for his short story collection 'Our Trees Still Grow in Dehra'.
• He received the Padma Shri in 1999 and the Padma Bhushan in 2014.
• The Blue Umbrella
• This novella was published in 1980 and is one of Bond's most famous works.
• It tells the story of a young girl named Binya and her blue umbrella, exploring themes of kindness and material desire.
• The book was adapted into a film directed by Vishal Bhardwaj in 2005.
• The Cherry Tree
• A children's book that illustrates the importance of nature and nurturing.
• It follows the story of a young boy named Rakesh who plants a cherry seed and watches it grow.
• The Hidden Pool
• Published in 1966, it is Bond's first novel for children.
• The story revolves around three friends and their adventures around a hidden pool in the hills of Mussoorie.

The correct answer is Samagra Shiksha.

Key Points

• Samagra Shiksha is an integrated scheme for school education extending from pre-school to class XII.
• It was launched by the Government of India in the Union Budget 2018-19.
• The scheme subsumes three earlier schemes: Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA), and Teacher Education (TE).
• Samagra Shiksha aims to improve school effectiveness in terms of equal opportunities for schooling and equitable learning outcomes.
• It focuses on the holistic development of children, enhancing the quality of education at all levels of schooling.

Additional Information

• Right to Education (RTE)
• Enshrined in Article 21A of the Indian Constitution.
• Makes education a fundamental right for children aged 6 to 14 years.
• Mandates free and compulsory education for this age group.
• Aims to improve literacy rates and ensure access to education for all children.
• Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA)
• Launched in 2009 to enhance access to secondary education.
• Aimed at improving the quality of education at the secondary level.
• Focused on reducing the drop-out rate and enhancing the enrolment ratio.
• Now subsumed under the Samagra Shiksha scheme.
• Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
• Launched in 2001 to achieve universalization of elementary education.
• Focused on providing useful and relevant elementary education for all children.
• Aimed at bridging social, regional, and gender gaps in education.
• Now part of the Samagra Shiksha initiative.
• Teacher Education (TE)
• Aims to improve the quality of teachers through professional development.
• Focuses on training and re-training teachers to enhance their teaching skills.
• Supports continuous professional development programs for teachers.
• Also integrated into the Samagra Shiksha scheme.

The correct answer is Rohit Sharma.

Key Points

• Rohit Sharma was the highest run-scorer in the 2019 ICC Men's Cricket World Cup.
• He scored a total of 648 runs in the tournament.
• Rohit Sharma achieved this feat by scoring five centuries in the tournament, a record in World Cup history.
• His batting average in the 2019 World Cup was 81.00.

Additional Information

• ICC Men's Cricket World Cup 2019
• The 2019 ICC Men's Cricket World Cup was held in England and Wales from May 30 to July 14, 2019.
• The tournament featured ten teams competing in a round-robin format followed by semi-finals and a final.
• England won the tournament, defeating New Zealand in the final via boundary count after a Super Over tie.
• Rohit Sharma's World Cup Performance
• Rohit Sharma became the first player to score five centuries in a single World Cup tournament.
• His centuries came against South Africa, Pakistan, England, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka.
• Other Top Performers
• David Warner of Australia was the second-highest run-scorer with 647 runs.
• Shakib Al Hasan of Bangladesh had an outstanding tournament, scoring 606 runs and taking 11 wickets.
• Historical Context
• Prior to Rohit Sharma's record, the highest number of centuries in a single World Cup was four, achieved by Kumar Sangakkara in 2015.
• Sachin Tendulkar held the previous record for the most runs in a single World Cup, scoring 673 runs in the 2003 tournament.

The correct answer is 3.011 × 10²³.

Key Points

• The molecular weight of water (H₂O) is approximately 18 grams per mole.
• 1 mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number of molecules, which is 6.022 × 10²³ molecules.
• 9 grams of water is equal to 0.5 moles of water (9 grams / 18 grams per mole).
• The number of water molecules in 0.5 moles is 0.5 × 6.022 × 10²³ = 3.011 × 10²³ molecules.

Additional Information

• Mole Concept
• The mole is a fundamental unit in chemistry representing the amount of a substance.
• 1 mole of any substance contains exactly 6.022 × 10²³ entities (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.)—a number known as Avogadro's number.
• The mole allows chemists to count and use substances in a practical and consistent manner.
• Avogadro's Number
• Avogadro's number is 6.022 × 10²³, which is the number of atoms, ions, or molecules in one mole of a substance.
• This constant is named after the Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro, who contributed to the understanding of molecular theory.
• Molecular Weight
• The molecular weight (or molar mass) of a substance is the mass of one mole of that substance, usually expressed in grams per mole (g/mol).
• For water (H₂O), the molecular weight is approximately 18 g/mol (2 g/mol for hydrogen atoms + 16 g/mol for an oxygen atom).
• Calculating Moles
• The number of moles of a substance can be calculated by dividing the mass of the substance by its molecular weight.
• For example, 9 grams of water divided by its molecular weight (18 g/mol) results in 0.5 moles of water.

The correct answer is Allan Octavian Hume.

Key Points

• Allan Octavian Hume was a British civil servant, political reformer, and one of the founders of the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1885.
• Hume played a pivotal role in establishing the INC along with other prominent leaders such as Dadabhai Naoroji and Dinshaw Wacha.
• The first session of the Indian National Congress was held in Bombay (now Mumbai) in December 1885.
• He is often referred to as the "Father of the Indian National Congress" due to his significant contributions to the formation of the party.
• Hume's efforts were instrumental in providing a platform for Indian leaders to discuss and address national issues.

Additional Information

• Indian National Congress (INC)
• The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 with the aim of obtaining a greater share in government for educated Indians.
• The INC played a crucial role in the Indian independence movement against British rule.
• It became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement, with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants in the freedom struggle.
• After independence in 1947, the INC emerged as the ruling party in India and has been one of the major political parties in the country.
• Dadabhai Naoroji
• Dadabhai Naoroji was one of the co-founders of the Indian National Congress and a prominent Indian nationalist leader.
• He is also known as the "Grand Old Man of India" and was the first Indian to be elected to the British Parliament.
• Naoroji's work focused on the economic exploitation of India under British rule, and he authored the book "Poverty and Un-British Rule in India."
• Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee
• Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee was the first president of the Indian National Congress.
• He presided over the first session of the INC held in Bombay in December 1885.
• Bonnerjee was a prominent lawyer and one of the leading figures in the early years of the INC.
• Objectives of INC
• The primary objectives of the INC were to promote Indian participation in the legislative process, advocate for civil rights, and address social issues.
• The INC aimed to unite Indians across different regions and communities to work towards common national goals.
• Over time, the INC evolved to become the principal organization fighting for India's independence from British rule.

The correct answer is Rana Sanga.

Key Points

• The Battle of Khanwa was fought on 16 March 1527.
• It was a decisive victory for Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire in India.
• Rana Sanga was the ruler of Mewar and led a Rajput confederacy against Babur.
• This battle consolidated Babur's control over northern India and marked the end of significant Rajput resistance.
• Babur employed modern tactics such as the use of field artillery which played a crucial role in his victory.

Additional Information

• Babur:
• He was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India.
• Babur was a descendant of Timur on his father's side and Genghis Khan on his mother's side.
• He introduced the use of gunpowder and artillery in Indian warfare.
• His memoirs, known as the Baburnama, provide a detailed account of his life and conquests.
• Rana Sanga:
• He was a prominent Rajput ruler of Mewar.
• Rana Sanga is known for his bravery and military prowess.
• He aimed to re-establish Rajput dominance in northern India.
• Despite his defeat, he is remembered as a hero in Rajput history.
• Field Artillery in the Battle:
• The use of field artillery by Babur was revolutionary in Indian warfare.
• It provided a significant advantage against the traditional cavalry-based armies of Indian rulers.
• The effective use of cannons and gunpowder helped Babur secure decisive victories.
• Impact of the Battle:
• The Battle of Khanwa established Mughal supremacy in northern India.
• It marked the decline of the Rajput power in the region.
• This victory paved the way for the expansion of the Mughal Empire.

The correct answer is Mumbai.

Key Points

• The inaugural match of the first edition of the Women's Premier League (WPL) was held in Mumbai in 2023.
• The venue chosen for this historic match was the Dr. DY Patil Sports Academy in Navi Mumbai.
• The Women's Premier League is organized by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI).
• The WPL aims to provide a platform for female cricketers to showcase their talent on a larger stage.
• This league is expected to significantly boost women's cricket in India and worldwide.

Additional Information

• Women's Premier League (WPL)
• The WPL is a professional women's Twenty20 cricket league in India.
• It was officially announced by the BCCI in 2022 as a major step towards promoting women's cricket.
• The league features teams representing different cities and regions of India.
• The WPL follows the format and structure similar to the Indian Premier League (IPL).
• Dr. DY Patil Sports Academy
• Located in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, it is a premier sports complex known for hosting various cricket matches.
• It has a seating capacity of approximately 55,000 spectators.
• Besides cricket, the stadium is also used for football and other sporting events.
• Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)
• The BCCI is the national governing body for cricket in India.
• Founded in December 1928, it is responsible for organizing domestic and international cricket matches in India.
• The BCCI also oversees the development of cricket infrastructure and talent at the grassroots level.
• Impact of WPL on Women's Cricket
• The WPL provides female cricketers with greater visibility and opportunities for professional growth.
• It helps in bridging the gap between men's and women's cricket in terms of popularity and investment.
• The league is expected to inspire young girls to take up cricket as a career.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Chakyar Koothu is a traditional performing art form from Kerala.
• It is a solo performance where the performer narrates stories from Hindu epics, especially the Mahabharata and Ramayana.
• The performer uses a combination of expressive facial gestures, hand movements, and vocal recitations to convey the story.
• Mani Madhava Chakyar is one of the most famous exponents of Chakyar Koothu.
• The performance is traditionally done in temples and is considered a part of the Koodiyattam genre.

Additional Information

• Koodiyattam:
• An ancient form of Sanskrit theatre performed in Kerala.
• Recognized by UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
• Natyashastra:
• An ancient Indian treatise on the performing arts, encompassing theatre, dance, and music.
• Attributed to the sage Bharata Muni.
• Mani Madhava Chakyar:
• A legendary performer known for popularizing Chakyar Koothu and Koodiyattam.
• Honored with prestigious awards such as Padma Shri and Sangeet Natak Akademi Award.
• Temple Theatre:
• Traditional venues in Kerala where classical art forms like Chakyar Koothu are performed.
• These performances are often part of temple festivals and rituals.

The correct answer is Service.

Key Points

• The service sector dominated the urban workforce in India in 2019-2020.
• Approximately 60% of the urban workforce was employed in the service sector during this period.
• The service sector includes industries like IT, retail, hospitality, healthcare, and education.
• This sector's growth is attributed to the rapid urbanization and increased demand for professional services.

Additional Information

• Urbanization in India
• Urbanization refers to the increasing population in urban areas compared to rural areas.
• India has seen a steady increase in urbanization, with urban population growing from 27.81% in 2001 to 34.93% in 2020.
• Economic opportunities, better living standards, and improved infrastructure are key drivers of urbanization.
• Growth of the IT Sector
• The IT sector has been a significant contributor to the service industry in urban India.
• India is a global leader in IT services, outsourcing, and software development.
• This sector provides employment to millions of professionals in urban areas.
• Employment Distribution
• Employment in urban areas is mainly concentrated in the service sector, followed by industry and agriculture.
• Industries such as manufacturing, construction, and mining also play a role, but to a lesser extent.
• Economic Contribution
• The service sector is the largest contributor to India's GDP, accounting for around 54% as of 2020.
• This sector's significant contribution highlights its importance in the overall economic landscape of the country.

The correct answer is Blindness. 

Key Points

• The National Prophylaxis Programme against Nutritional Blindness was launched in 1970 by the Government of India to tackle nutritional blindness caused by Vitamin A deficiency.
• It mainly focused on children below 5 years of age, who are most vulnerable to Vitamin A deficiency.
• Severe deficiency of Vitamin A can lead to xerophthalmia (dry eyes), night blindness, and ultimately, complete blindness.
• The program involved distribution of Vitamin A supplements (200,000 IU doses every 6 months) to prevent and treat deficiency.
• Over the years, the program significantly helped reduce cases of nutritional blindness among children.

Additional Information

• Hypercalcemia
• Definition: A condition caused by high levels of calcium in the blood.
• Not related to deficiency but rather an excess (often due to overuse of supplements, hyperparathyroidism, or cancer).
• Keyword: "Hyper" means excessive, "calcemia" means calcium in blood.
• Goitre
• Cause: Caused by iodine deficiency, not Vitamin A.
• Related Program: Addressed under the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme (NIDDCP).
• Keyword: Enlargement of the thyroid gland due to lack of iodine in diet.
• Beriberi
• Cause: Caused by Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) deficiency.
• Types: Two types – dry beriberi (affecting nerves) and wet beriberi (affecting cardiovascular system).
• Unrelated to Vitamin A or the blindness program.
• Key Takeaways / Keywords:
• Vitamin A Deficiency → Nutritional Blindness
• Vitamin B1 Deficiency → Beriberi
• Iodine Deficiency → Goitre
• Hypercalcemia → Excess Calcium (Not a deficiency disorder)

The correct answer is Article 163.

Key Points

• Article 163 of the Indian Constitution mandates that there shall be a Council of Ministers with the Chief Minister at the head to aid and advise the Governor.
• The Governor is generally required to act on the advice of the Council of Ministers, except in cases where the Constitution specifies that he can act in his discretion.
• The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly of the state.
• This Article ensures a parliamentary system of government in the states, similar to the system followed at the Union level.

Additional Information

• Article 154
• It states that the executive power of the state is vested in the Governor and is exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him.
• Article 164
• This Article deals with the appointment of the Chief Minister and other ministers by the Governor.
• It specifies that the Council of Ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly of the state.
• Article 167
• The Chief Minister is required to communicate to the Governor all decisions of the Council of Ministers relating to the administration of the state and proposals for legislation.
• Article 153
• It states that there shall be a Governor for each state, but one person can be appointed as Governor for two or more states.

The correct answer is 6.

Key Points

• The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2023 was introduced to reform the mining sector in India.
• A total of 6 minerals have been removed from the list of atomic minerals under this amendment.
• This amendment aims to stimulate private investment and boost the mining sector's growth.
• The removal of these minerals from the list will simplify the regulatory framework and promote ease of doing business.

Additional Information

• Atomic Minerals
• These minerals are used for the generation of nuclear energy and other nuclear applications.
• Examples include uranium, thorium, and other rare earth elements.
• Objectives of the Amendment
• To enhance the ease of doing business in the mining sector.
• To attract private investments and boost the sector's growth.
• Impact on the Mining Sector
• The amendment is expected to create more job opportunities.
• It aims to increase the contribution of the mining sector to the national GDP.
• Regulatory Framework
• The reform intends to simplify the regulatory procedures for mining activities.
• It will enhance transparency and streamline the process of obtaining mining leases.

The correct answer is Bharatnatyam.

Key Points

• K Kalyanasundaram Pillai was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1999 for his exemplary contribution to Bharatnatyam.
• Bharatnatyam is one of the oldest classical dance forms of India, originating from Tamil Nadu.
• Pillai hails from a distinguished family of Bharatnatyam dancers and is known for his exceptional choreography and teaching.
• The Sangeet Natak Akademi Award is one of the highest national recognitions given to practicing artists by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance, and Drama.

Additional Information

• Bharatnatyam
• Bharatnatyam is characterized by precise footwork, intricate hand gestures, and expressive facial expressions.
• It is traditionally performed by solo dancers and is deeply connected to the music and literature of South India.
• The dance form is known for its fixed upper torso, bent legs, and the combination of abstract dance sequences with expressive dance sequences.
• Key components of Bharatnatyam include Nritta (pure dance), Nritya (expressive dance), and Natya (dramatic storytelling).
• Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
• Established in 1952, the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award is given annually by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, the national academy for music, dance, and drama in India.
• The award is recognized as the highest honor in the field of performing arts in India.
• Awardees receive a citation, an angavastram (a traditional Indian shawl), and a cash prize.
• The award aims to recognize and honor the outstanding contribution of artists in the fields of music, dance, and drama.
• Other Classical Dance Forms of India
• Kathak: Originating from North India, it emphasizes rhythmic foot movements adorned with small bells and the expression of stories through dance.
• Kuchipudi: A dance-drama performance originating from Andhra Pradesh, known for its fast rhythms and fluid movements.
• Odissi: Originating from Odisha, it is known for its sculpturesque poses and fluid movements.
• Manipuri: Originating from the state of Manipur, it is characterized by smooth and graceful movements.

The correct answer is Continental Shelf.

Key Points

• The continental shelf is the extended perimeter of each continent, which lies submerged under relatively shallow seas and gulfs.
• It extends from the shoreline to the continental slope, where the seafloor drops steeply.
• Continental shelves are typically characterized by their relatively shallow waters, generally less than 200 meters deep.
• These areas are often rich in marine life and resources such as oil and natural gas.

Additional Information

• Continental Slope
• The continental slope marks the boundary between the continental shelf and the deep ocean basin.
• It is characterized by a steep incline and can drop from a depth of about 200 meters to over 3,000 meters.
• Continental Rise
• The continental rise is found between the continental slope and the abyssal plain.
• It consists of thick accumulations of sediments that have been transported down the continental slope.
• Oceanic Basin
• Oceanic basins are large depressions on the Earth's surface that contain the oceans.
• They are composed of the oceanic crust and are usually deeper than 2,000 meters.
• Continental Drift
• Continental drift is the movement of the Earth's continents relative to each other by appearing to drift across the ocean bed.
• This theory was proposed by Alfred Wegener in 1912.

The correct answer is Urbanisation.

Key Points

• The New Industrial Policy of 1991 was formulated to liberalize the Indian economy and stimulate industrial growth.
• The three main dimensions of the New Industrial Policy are Liberalisation, Privatisation, and Globalisation.
• Liberalisation refers to the reduction of government regulations and restrictions in the economy to encourage private sector activity.
• Privatisation involves the transfer of ownership and management of public sector enterprises to the private sector.
• Globalisation focuses on integrating the Indian economy with the global economy through increased foreign trade and investment.

Additional Information

• Liberalisation
• Involves reducing tariffs, trade barriers, and regulatory restrictions to enhance economic efficiency.
• Aims to create a more competitive environment to foster innovation and growth.
• Privatisation
• Focuses on improving the efficiency and productivity of public enterprises.
• Encourages private investment and management in industries previously controlled by the government.
• Globalisation
• Encourages foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade.
• Aims to integrate the Indian economy with the global market for better access to technology and capital.
• New Industrial Policy of 1991
• Announced by the Government of India to address the economic crisis of the early 1990s.
• Marked a significant shift from a mixed economy towards a more market-oriented economy.

The correct answer is: Option 3.

Key Points

• The correct idiom is 'Hit the nail on the head'.
• It means to say something that is exactly right (ऐसी बात कहना जो बिलकुल सही हो).
• Hence, the correct substitution for the word 'screw' in the idiom 'Hit the screw on the head' is 'nail'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Nail.

The correct answer is '4' i.e. prepared a unique .

Key Points

• The given sentence uses the past tense "won", so the verb "prepare" should also be in the past tense (prepared) to maintain tense consistency.
• The article "a" should be used before the word "unique" because "unique" starts with a consonant sound.

Correct sentence: She prepared a unique dish in the cooking competition and won it.

Additional Information

• Consistency in Tense:
• Ensure that all verbs in the sentence agree in tense to maintain clarity and coherence.
• Example: She prepared (past) a unique dish and won (past) the competition.
• Article Usage:
• Use "a" before words that begin with a consonant sound, and "an" before words that begin with a vowel sound.
• Example: a unique (consonant sound), an apple (vowel sound).

The correct answer is: Option 3.

Key Points

• The word "pair" means two corresponding or similar items that are used together. (जोड़ा)
• Example: She bought a new pair of shoes for the party.
• "Nectar" refers to a sweet liquid secreted by flowers to attract pollinating insects and birds. (मधु)
• Example: Bees collect nectar from flowers to make honey.
• The context tells us that a mosquito is a little fly. It has two wings and a transmitter-segmented body. The primary food source for male mosquitoes is plant juice.

Therefore, the correct answer is: pair; nectar.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Kind (प्रकार): A group of people or things having similar characteristics.
• Example: She is the kind of person who helps everyone.
• Drink (पेय ): A liquid that can be swallowed as refreshment or nourishment.
• Example: Water is the healthiest drink.
• Set (समूह): A collection of objects considered as a unit.
• Example: She has a set of fine china.
• Beverage (पेय पदार्थ): Any type of drink except water.
• Example: Coffee is a popular morning beverage.
• Couple (जोड़ा): Two people or things of the same sort considered together.
• Example: The couple went on a vacation together.
• Liquor (शराब): Alcoholic drink, especially distilled spirits.
• Example: He prefers liquor over beer.

The correct answer is: Option 1.

Key Points

• The word "left" means to go away from a place or to resign from a job. (छोड़ना)
• Example: He left the party early because he had work the next day.
• "left" is the past tense of "leave," which means to depart or resign.
• The context tells us that the person quit his job at the bank last year to start his own tool company because he had always wanted to work for himself.

Therefore, the correct answer is: left.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Bereft (वंचित): Deprived of or lacking something, especially a non-material asset.
• Example: After the death of his wife, he felt completely bereft.
• Halted (रोक दिया): Brought to an abrupt stop.
• Example: The construction work was halted due to the heavy rain.
• Cleft (दरार): Split or severed.
• Example: The rock was cleft in two by the powerful earthquake.

The correct answer is '4' i.e. least efficient .

Key Points

• The given sentence is comparing the efficiency of work done in the office.
• When making comparisons, especially with adjectives, we use the comparative degree (e.g., less efficient) or the superlative degree (e.g., least efficient).
• Since the sentence is indicating the lowest degree of efficiency, the correct form to use is the superlative degree (least).
• Among the given options, "least efficient" is the superlative form and correctly completes the sentence.

Correct sentence: Work in this office is done in the least efficient way.

Additional Information

• Comparative Degree:
• Usage: Used to compare two entities.
• Example: This method is less efficient than the other one.
• Superlative Degree:
• Usage: Used to compare more than two entities and indicate the highest or lowest degree.
• Example: This is the least efficient method of all.

The correct answer is: Option 2.

Key Points

• The word "Recipies" is incorrectly spelt. The correct spelling is "Recipes". (नुस्खे)
• Meaning: The instructions for cooking or preparing something to eat.
• Example: She has a book full of traditional recipes handed down from her grandmother.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 2.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Delicious (स्वादिष्ट): Highly pleasant to the taste.
• Example: The cake was so delicious that everyone asked for a second slice.
• Chef's (शेफ का): Belonging to the chef.
• Example: The chef's special dish was the highlight of the evening.
• Restaurant's (रेस्टोरेंट का): Belonging to the restaurant.
• Example: The restaurant's new menu features many exciting dishes.

The correct answer is: Nicely.

Key Points

• The word "graciously" means in a courteous, kind, and pleasant manner. (शालीनता से)
• Example: She graciously accepted the award on behalf of her team.
• "Nicely" refers to doing something in a pleasant, kind, or satisfactory manner. (अच्छे तरीके से)
• Example: He nicely explained the process to the new employees.
• Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'graciously' is 'nicely'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Nicely.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Bravely (बहादुरी से): In a courageous manner.
• Example: She bravely faced the challenges that came her way.
• Cleverly (चतुराई से ): In a quick-witted and inventive manner.
• Example: He cleverly solved the puzzle in no time.
• Courageously (साहसपूर्वक): In a manner showing courage.
• Example: She courageously defended her ideas during the debate.

The correct answer is: Useless.

Key Points

• The word "futile" means something that is incapable of producing any useful result; pointless. (व्यर्थ)
• Example: His efforts to convince her were futile as she had already made up her mind.
• "Useless" refers to something that is not useful or effective; having no practical use or value. (बेकार)
• Example: Trying to fix the broken vase with glue was a useless endeavor.
• Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'futile' is 'useless'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Useless.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Vicious (दुष्ट): Deliberately cruel or violent.
• Example: The dog was vicious and attacked anyone who came near.
• Adequate (पर्याप्त): Satisfactory or acceptable in quality or quantity.
• Example: He provided an adequate amount of food for the guests.
• Thoughtful (विचारशील): Showing consideration for the needs of other people.
• Example: She was very thoughtful and always remembered everyone's birthdays.

The erroneous part is: yet two years.

Key Points

• The given sentence is a present perfect continuous tense, which is used to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now.
• The correct phrase should be "for two years" instead of "yet two years".
• Using "yet" in this context is incorrect; "for" is the appropriate preposition to indicate the duration of time.

Correct sentence: I have lived with my parents in Mumbai in a residential flat for two years.

Additional Information

• Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
• Structure: Subject + have/has + been + verb(+ing).
• Example: She has been working here for five years.
• Usage: Describes actions that started in the past and are still continuing or were happening recently.
• Common Error:
• Using incorrect prepositions for time duration. For example, "since" is used with specific points in time, and "for" is used with periods of time.

The correct answer is: Option 3.

Key Points

• The word "deceive" means to mislead or trick someone into believing something that is not true. (धोखा देना)
• Example: The con artist tried to deceive the elderly couple with a fake investment scheme.
• "Mislead" refers to causing someone to have a wrong idea or impression about someone or something. (गुमराह करना)
• Example: The advertisement was designed to mislead customers about the product's benefits.

Therefore, the correct answer is: mislead.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Hamper (बाधा डालना): To obstruct or impede the movement or progress of something.
• Example: The heavy traffic will hamper our ability to reach the destination on time.
• Facilitate (सुविधा प्रदान करना): To make an action or process easier.
• Example: The new software will facilitate the management of inventory.
• Resolve (सुलझाना): To find a solution to a problem or conflict.
• Example: They are trying to resolve the dispute through mediation.

The correct answer is: abler.

Key Points

• The word "ablest" is incorrectly used in the given sentence. The sentence is comparing the ability of advocates, so a comparative form should be used.
• Among the options, "abler" is the correct comparative form of "able".
• Option 1 "more able" is also a comparative form but "abler" is preferred in this context.
• Option 3 "the ablest" and option 4 "most ablest" are superlative forms and do not fit the context of the sentence.

Correct sentence: We have perhaps never seen an abler series of advocates than these ten standing in a row.

Additional Information

• Comparative Form:
• Used to compare differences between two objects (larger, smaller, faster, higher).
• Example: She is taller than her brother.
• Superlative Form:
• Used to describe an object that is at the upper or lower limit of a quality (the tallest, the smallest, the fastest, the highest).
• Example: She is the tallest girl in the class.

The correct answer is: Shock.

Key Points

• The word "surprise" means a feeling of mild astonishment or shock caused by something unexpected. (आश्चर्य)
• Example: She couldn't hide her surprise when she saw the decorations.
• "Shock" refers to a sudden upsetting or surprising event or experience. (आघात)
• Example: He was in shock after hearing the sudden news of his promotion.
• Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'surprise' is 'shock'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Shock.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Anger (क्रोध): A strong feeling of displeasure or hostility.
• Example: His face turned red with anger when he saw the broken window.
• Regret (पछतावा ): A feeling of sadness or disappointment over something that has happened or been done.
• Example: She expressed her regret over missing the meeting.
• Boredom (उबाऊपन): The state of feeling weary and restless through lack of interest.
• Example: He felt a sense of boredom during the long lecture.

The correct answer is: Transient.

Key Points

• The word "Ephemeral" means something that lasts for a very short time; fleeting or transitory. (क्षणभंगुर)
• Example: The beauty of a rainbow is ephemeral, disappearing as quickly as it appears.
• "Transient" refers to something that is temporary and not lasting for a long time; similar to ephemeral in nature. (अस्थायी)
• Example: The transient nature of life reminds us to cherish each moment.
• Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'Ephemeral' is 'Transient'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Transient.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Ugly (बदसूरत): Unpleasant or repulsive, especially in appearance.
• Example: The old building looked ugly with its peeling paint and broken windows.
• Permanent (स्थायी ): Lasting or intended to last or remain unchanged indefinitely.
• Example: She has a permanent job at the company and doesn't plan to leave.
• Pleasing (मनोहर): Giving pleasure or satisfaction.
• Example: The painting's colors are very pleasing to the eye.

The erroneous part of the sentence is: and an hyena.

Key Points

• The article "an" is used before words that start with a vowel sound, while "a" is used before words that start with a consonant sound.
• In the given sentence, the word "hyena" starts with a consonant sound "h", so the correct article to use is "a".

Correct sentence: A fox and a hyena were spotted in the animal reserve.

Additional Information

• Articles "a" and "an":
• "A": Used before words that begin with a consonant sound. Example: a car, a university.
• "An": Used before words that begin with a vowel sound. Example: an apple, an hour.
• Common Mistakes:
• Incorrect: an university (since "university" starts with a consonant sound).
• Correct: a university.

The erroneous sentence is: The manager cuts the discussion to address an urgent matter. .

Key Points

• The given sentence in option 2 has a grammatical error.
• It should use "cut short" instead of just "cuts" to convey the meaning of interrupting or ending the discussion prematurely.

Correct sentence: The manager cuts short the discussion to address an urgent matter.

Additional Information

• Examples of Correct Usage of "cut":
• Cut out: She always cuts out unhealthy snacks.
• Cut through: Can you cut through the traffic to get here on time?
• Cut down: They need to cut down the old tree in the garden.

The correct answer is: more difficult.

Key Points

• The given sentence uses comparative form to compare the difficulty levels of questions in part A and part B.
• The word "difficult" should be made comparative by using "more" before it, as "difficult" is a longer adjective.
• Instead of using incorrect forms like "difficultier" or "difficulty", the correct form is "more difficult".

Correct sentence: The questions in part B look more difficult than the questions in part A.

Additional Information

• Comparative Adjectives:
• Structure: Adjective + er (for short adjectives) or more + Adjective (for longer adjectives).
• Example: This book is thicker than that one. / This task is more complex than the previous one.
• Usage: Used to compare differences between the two objects they modify (larger, smaller, faster, higher).
• Superlative Adjectives:
• Structure: Adjective + est (for short adjectives) or most + Adjective (for longer adjectives).
• Example: This is the tallest building in the city. / She is the most talented artist in the group.
• Usage: Used to describe an object that is at the upper or lower limit of a quality (the tallest, the smallest, the fastest, the highest).

The correct answer is: Option 4.

Key Points

• The phrase "bite the bullet" means to face up to trouble with fortitude; to accept something difficult or unpleasant in a brave way. (संकट का सामना करना)
• Example: Even though he was scared of the surgery, he decided to bite the bullet and go through with it.
• Hence, we can infer that the meaning of "bite the bullet" is "to face up to trouble with fortitude".

Therefore, the correct answer is: To face up to trouble with fortitude.

The correct answer is: Option 3.

Key Points

• The correct spelling is 'accolade'.
• The word "accolade" means an award or privilege granted as a special honour or as an acknowledgement of merit. (सम्मान)
• Example: She received an accolade for her contributions to the charity.

Therefore, the correct answer is: accolade.

The correct answer is '1' No substitution required.

Key Points

• The given sentence is correct as it is. The phrase "all on their toes and anxiously waiting" is appropriate and conveys the intended meaning clearly.
• Option 2 "all on their toes and anxiously dancing" changes the meaning and does not fit the context.
• Option 3 "all on their fingers and anxiously waiting" is incorrect as the correct idiom is "on their toes."
• Option 4 "paying through the nose" is irrelevant and does not fit the context at all.

Correct sentence: The soldiers are all on their toes and anxiously waiting for the orders to start marching towards the enemy.

The correct answer is: Option 2.

Key Points

• The word "allegance" (incorrect spelling) should be "allegiance".
• Allegiance means loyalty or commitment to a group, cause, or nation. (निष्ठा)
• Example: The soldiers pledged their allegiance to the country.

Therefore, the correct answer is: allegiance.

The correct answer is 'inhabit'.

 

Key Points

• The context of the passage tells us that the largest living creature on Earth, blue whales live over wide stretches of ocean.
• The appropriate verb should indicate the action of occupying or living in a place, which is related to blue whales.
• "Inhabit" (निवास) fits well as it means to live in or occupy a place, aligning with the context of the passage.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

 

Complete Passage: Are you familiar with the movie ‘Jurassic Park’? Do you recall the enormous dinosaurs? Do you know that there is still a mammal that is as big and amazing as them? Blue whales are the world’s largest living things and inhabit vast oceanic expanses. The adult is more than 100 feet long and (2)_____ more than 190 metric tons. According to scientists, a blue whale’s heart weighs as much as a car while its tongue weighs as much as an elephant! They eat meat, but they don’t have teeth. They gulp and swallow huge quantities of krill and shrimp for their diet. Their mouths have bristles that look like combs and remove water while keeping their food (3)_______.

Whales are social animals that live in ‘pods’, which are made up of more females than males. They take care of their children. Another female takes over and cares for the calf if one mother is unable to provide it with milk. Their bond is very strong, and they cry when another whale dies. The male makes sure that everyone in the pod gets their fair share of food. Whistles, clock-like sounds, and songs—frequent, high-pitched sounds—are the means by which the whales (4)_________ with one another. It assists them in locating one another, locating the position of the pod, searching for prey, and attracting mates. Every pod has a distinctive song that sets it apart from the others. These songs can be heard for not only hours, but also days (5)_______ miles of ocean.

 

Additional Information

• Employ (नियोजित करना): "Employ" means to make use of something.
• Depart (प्रस्थान करना): "Depart" means to leave.
• Engage (संपन्न करना): "Engage" means to participate or become involved in something.

The correct answer is 'weighs'.

 

Key Points

• The context tells us that the adult blue whale measures around 190 metric tonnes and is over 100 feet long.
• The appropriate verb should indicate an action related to measuring or assessing weight.
• "Weighs" (तौलना) fits well as it denotes the act of measuring the weight of blue whale, which aligns with the context.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

 

Complete Passage: Are you familiar with the movie ‘Jurassic Park’? Do you recall the enormous dinosaurs? Do you know that there is still a mammal that is as big and amazing as them? Blue whales are the world’s largest living things and inhabit vast oceanic expanses. The adult is more than 100 feet long and weighs more than 190 metric tons. According to scientists, a blue whale’s heart weighs as much as a car while its tongue weighs as much as an elephant! They eat meat, but they don’t have teeth. They gulp and swallow huge quantities of krill and shrimp for their diet. Their mouths have bristles that look like combs and remove water while keeping their food (3)_______.

Whales are social animals that live in ‘pods’, which are made up of more females than males. They take care of their children. Another female takes over and cares for the calf if one mother is unable to provide it with milk. Their bond is very strong, and they cry when another whale dies. The male makes sure that everyone in the pod gets their fair share of food. Whistles, clock-like sounds, and songs—frequent, high-pitched sounds—are the means by which the whales (4)_________ with one another. It assists them in locating one another, locating the position of the pod, searching for prey, and attracting mates. Every pod has a distinctive song that sets it apart from the others. These songs can be heard for not only hours, but also days (5)_______ miles of ocean.

 

Additional Information

• Lifts (उठाता है): "Lifts" means to raise to a higher position.
• Counts (गिनता है): "Counts" means to determine the total number.
• Loads (भार उठाता है): "Loads" means to put a large quantity into something.

The correct answer is 'intact'.

 

Key Points

• The context tells us that blue whales have comb-like bristles in their mouths that drain water without destroying their food.
• The appropriate word should indicate a state of being undamaged or unchanged (like the 'food' in this case)
• "Intact" fits well as it means remaining whole, undamaged, or in its original state, which aligns with the context.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

 

Complete Passage:

Are you familiar with the movie ‘Jurassic Park’? Do you recall the enormous dinosaurs? Do you know that there is still a mammal that is as big and amazing as them? Blue whales are the world’s largest living things and inhabit vast oceanic expanses. The adult is more than 100 feet long and weighs more than 190 metric tons. According to scientists, a blue whale’s heart weighs as much as a car while its tongue weighs as much as an elephant! They eat meat, but they don’t have teeth. They gulp and swallow huge quantities of krill and shrimp for their diet. Their mouths have bristles that look like combs and remove water while keeping their food intact.

Whales are social animals that live in ‘pods’, which are made up of more females than males. They take care of their children. Another female takes over and cares for the calf if one mother is unable to provide it with milk. Their bond is very strong, and they cry when another whale dies. The male makes sure that everyone in the pod gets their fair share of food. Whistles, clock-like sounds, and songs—frequent, high-pitched sounds—are the means by which the whales (4)_________ with one another. It assists them in locating one another, locating the position of the pod, searching for prey, and attracting mates. Every pod has a distinctive song that sets it apart from the others. These songs can be heard for not only hours, but also days (5)_______ miles of ocean.

Additional Information

• Beckon (इशारा करना): "Beckon" means to signal or summon.
• Brokerage (दलाली): "Brokerage" means the business of a broker.
• Fair (उचित): "Fair" means just or appropriate.

The correct answer is 'communicate'.

 

Key Points

• The context tells us that whales interact with each other through whistles, clock-like sounds, and songs, which are high-pitched, frequent sounds.
• The appropriate verb should indicate the process of exchanging information or ideas.
• "Communicate" (सम्पर्क बनाना) fits well as it denotes the act of conveying or exchanging information among the whales.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

 

Complete Passage: Are you familiar with the movie ‘Jurassic Park’? Do you recall the enormous dinosaurs? Do you know that there is still a mammal that is as big and amazing as them? Blue whales are the world’s largest living things and inhabit vast oceanic expanses. The adult is more than 100 feet long and weighs more than 190 metric tons. According to scientists, a blue whale’s heart weighs as much as a car while its tongue weighs as much as an elephant! They eat meat, but they don’t have teeth. They gulp and swallow huge quantities of krill and shrimp for their diet. Their mouths have bristles that look like combs and remove water while keeping their food intact.

Whales are social animals that live in ‘pods’, which are made up of more females than males. They take care of their children. Another female takes over and cares for the calf if one mother is unable to provide it with milk. Their bond is very strong, and they cry when another whale dies. The male makes sure that everyone in the pod gets their fair share of food. Whistles, clock-like sounds, and songs—frequent, high-pitched sounds—are the means by which the whales communicate with one another. It assists them in locating one another, locating the position of the pod, searching for prey, and attracting mates. Every pod has a distinctive song that sets it apart from the others. These songs can be heard for not only hours, but also days (5)_______ miles of ocean.

 

Additional Information

• Meet (मिलना): "Meet" means to come into the presence of someone.
• Horrid (भयानक): "Horrid" means causing horror.
• Catch (पकड़ना): "Catch" means to capture or take hold of something.

The correct answer is 'across'.

 

Key Points

• The context tells us that over miles of water, the tunes of blue whales can be heard for hours or even days at a time.
• The passage requires a preposition that indicates movement or coverage over an area.
• "Across" fits well as it suggests movement from one side to another, aligning with the context of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Option 1'.

 

Complete Passage: 

Are you familiar with the movie ‘Jurassic Park’? Do you recall the enormous dinosaurs? Do you know that there is still a mammal that is as big and amazing as them? Blue whales are the world’s largest living things and inhabit vast oceanic expanses. The adult is more than 100 feet long and weighs more than 190 metric tons. According to scientists, a blue whale’s heart weighs as much as a car while its tongue weighs as much as an elephant! They eat meat, but they don’t have teeth. They gulp and swallow huge quantities of krill and shrimp for their diet. Their mouths have bristles that look like combs and remove water while keeping their food intact.

Whales are social animals that live in ‘pods’, which are made up of more females than males. They take care of their children. Another female takes over and cares for the calf if one mother is unable to provide it with milk. Their bond is very strong, and they cry when another whale dies. The male makes sure that everyone in the pod gets their fair share of food. Whistles, clock-like sounds, and songs—frequent, high-pitched sounds—are the means by which the whales communicate with one another. It assists them in locating one another, locating the position of the pod, searching for prey, and attracting mates. Every pod has a distinctive song that sets it apart from the others. These songs can be heard for not only hours, but also days across miles of ocean.

 

Additional Information

• Beside (के पास): "Beside" means next to something.
• Although (हालांकि): "Although" is a conjunction used to introduce a contrast.
• Off (बंद): "Off" indicates separation or removal.