SSC CHSL Previous Paper 6 (Held On: 6 March 2018 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Coniferous

Key Points

• Coniferous means any of an order (Coniferales) of mostly evergreen trees and shrubs having usually needle-shaped or scalelike leaves and including forms (such as pines) with true cones and others (such as yews) with an arillate fruit
• Example: An informal mix of trees and shrubs is preferable, with more coniferous than deciduous species.

The correct answer is BAC

Key Points

• B introduces what the person had learnt
• B ends with conjunction 'yet', this means something contrary will come in the next part, as 'A' talks about Indian culture, it will be the next in sequence
• A ends with an adjective, so need a noun in the next part. Thus, C will be the next in sequence.

Thus, the sentence becomes: I learnt he had never been to India, yet he spoke about yoga, slums, and Indian cinema with conviction.

The correct answer is have happened

Key Points

• The subject and the verb should agree with each other. If the subject is plural, the verb used after it should be plural and if the subject is singular, the verb used after it should be singular.
• Since the subject used here 'amazing things' is plural, the verb used should be 'plural'.
• Also, the present perfect is a grammatical combination of the present tense and perfect aspect that is used to express a past event that has present consequences. Since in this sentence effect of the launch of the internet can be felt now also, present perfect tense will be used.

​Thus, the sentence becomes: Yes, amazing things have happened with the launch of the internet.

The correct answer is Keeping

Key Points

• When we need to answer 'what' in a sentence, we need an object i.e. Noun.
• Keeping is acting as a noun here and is answering the 'The trick is in what?'

​Thus, the sentence becomes: The trick is in keeping the flavours simple and fresh.

The correct answer is Option 3)

Key Points

• Tenacious: tending to keep a firm hold of something
• Indomitable: impossible to subdue or defeat
• Timid: showing a lack of courage or confidence; easily frightened
• Gutsy: having or showing courage, determination, and spirit

​Thus, the correct answer is Timid

The correct answer is Idyllic

Key Points

• Meaning of the words given in the option:
• Idyllic: Extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque
• Abominable: causing moral revulsion.
• Iota: an extremely small amount.
• Amiss: not quite right; inappropriate or out of place.
• Thus option 1 is the correct choice.

The correct answer is Make a public disturbance or excited emotional display

Key Points

• Make a scene: to express one's anger usually violently
• Example: I know you're upset, but please stop making a scene.
• Synonyms: bristle, fume, rage, storm
• Antonyms: allay, pacify, soothe

The correct answer is In great strength or numbers

Key Points

• Be in force means something huge in number or magnitude or something like that.
• Example: Voters turned out in force for their first taste of multi-party elections.
• Synonyms: in great numbers, all together, in full strength

The correct answer is Beauty

Key Points

• The word here must be a noun as something is defined. ‘Beauty’ is thus the correct word here.
• Option 1 is an adverb, option 3 is an adjective, and option 4 is a verb.
• Thus option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Liberty

Key Points

• The word here must be a noun thus ‘liberty’ which means ‘freedom of something or freeness’ fits here correctly.
• The other words do not fit here.
• ‘Liberation’ means ‘the action of setting someone free from imprisonment, slavery, or oppression; release’
• ‘Liberal’ means ‘willing to respect or accept behavior or opinions different from one's own; open to new ideas’.
• Option 3 is the plural form of option 1.
• So option 1 best fits.

The correct answer is into

Key Points

• into: If one thing gets into another, the first thing enters the second and becomes part of it.
• of: You use of after the name of someone or something to introduce the institution or place they belong to or are connected with.
• so: You use so to refer back to something that has just been mentioned.
• ​for: If something is for someone, they are intended to have it or benefit from it.
• The correct preposition here is ‘into’ as we move ‘into’ something. The usage of the other prepositions does not fit here. Thus option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is and

Key Points

• But: You use but to introduce something which contrasts with what you have just said, or to introduce something which adds to what you have just said.
• Nor: You use nor after a negative statement in order to indicate that the negative statement also applies to you or to someone or something else.
• And: You use and to link two or more words, groups, or clauses.
• So: You use so and so that to introduce the result of the situation you have just mentioned.
• The correct conjunction here is ‘and’ as it joins the two words conveying the meaning that we allow ourselves to think and reflect. The sentence does not need a condition to be stated here thus the other options do not fit here. Thus option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is understand

Key Points

• The word ‘understood’ is a verb and is in the past tense. We need the verb to be in the present tense as the whole passage is in the present tense. So option 1 is incorrect.
• The adjective ‘understandable’ does not make any sense too.
• Understandably is an adverb. An adverb qualifies an adjective, verb, or another adverb. Option 3 is incorrect as well.
• The verb ‘understand’ conveys a proper meaning that if we understand movement completely we allow ourselves to think. Thus option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is fluorescent

Key Points

• The correct word is Fluorescent which means a surface, substance, or colour has a very bright appearance when light is directed onto it, as if it is actually shining itself.
• Example: The interior of the gallery had become woefully shabby, with dull grey walls, poor flooring and harsh fluorescent lighting.

The correct answer is Rohan said that he was going.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in direct speech. It has to be converted into indirect speech.
• 'Said' will not change because the Reporting Verb has no object.
• Comma and inverted commas will be removed.
• The conjunction 'That' will be added.
• 'I' will be changed into 'he', according to Rohan.
• Present continuous tense will be changed into past continuous tense.
• Thus, the sentence becomes: Rohan said that he was going.

Additional Information

• The following table will enable us to know how tense changes into Indirect speech:

 

The correct answer is I have been invited to the cruise.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in the active voice, hence we need to convert it into the passive voice.
• Find the subject (someone) and object (me) of the sentence and exchange their places. Since the doer of the action is not important in the active voice, it is neglected.
• The given sentence is in the present perfect tense. The passive verb form for the present perfect is: 
• Has/have + been + past participle form of the verb.
• So, 'has invited' changes to 'have been invited' as 'I' is followed by 'have' not 'has'.
• At last line up the remaining part.
• Following these steps, we finally get: I have been invited to the cruise.

The correct answer is PRQ

Key Points

• P mentions what the government should do.
• R mentions to whom should the government provide health insurance.
• Q mentions the reason to provide health insurance.
• Thus, the complete sentence becomes: The government should provide health insurance for those unable to buy their own.

The correct answer is Rough  

Key Points

• The meaning of the given words are: 
• Courtly means behaving as per norm or formal and polite.
• Formal: A formal action, statement, or request is an official one.
• Elegant: If you describe a person or thing as elegant, you mean that they are pleasing and graceful in appearance or style.
• Conventional: Someone who is conventional has behaviour or opinions that are ordinary and normal.
• Rough: You say that people or their actions are rough when they use too much force and not enough care or gentleness.
• Thus, rough is the most suitable answer.

The correct answer is Sorrowful

Key Points

• Jubilant means to be happy or joyful.
• Excited: emotionally aroused, esp to pleasure or agitation
• Celebrating: If you celebrate, you do something enjoyable because of a special occasion or to mark someone's success.
• Sorrowful means very sad
• Thus, 'sorrowful' is the opposite of 'Jubilant'.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. move

Key Points

• Actuate means to put into action or mechanical motion
• Example: The manager hoped that the promise of a bonus would actuate the employees to work harder.
• Move means to go in a specified direction or manner; change position.
• Example: The car moved slowly down the street.
• From the above example it is clear that Move is the most similar to Actuate.

Therefore, the correct answer is 'Move'.

Additional Information

• True means being honest
• Example: She was a true friend who always stood by my side.
• Select means Choose.
• Example: The restaurant's menu offers a select range of dishes that cater to different dietary preferences and taste preferences.
• Kill means To take someone’s life
• Example: The hunter aimed carefully and fired his rifle, hoping to kill a deer for his family's dinner.

The correct answer is worthwhile

Key Points

• Lucrative: A lucrative activity, job, or business deal is very profitable.
• ​"The new business venture turned out to be very lucrative, generating millions of dollars in profits within its first year of operation."
• Impoverished: made poor or with diminished quality of life
• The villagers were impoverished and struggled to make ends meet.
• Worthwhile: If something is worthwhile, it is enjoyable or useful, and worth the time, money, or effort that is spent on it.
• The job offered a worthwhile salary and benefits package.
• Useless: If something is useless, you cannot use it.
• ​The broken machine was useless and could not be repaired.
• Inconsiderable: If you describe an amount or quality as not inconsiderable, you are emphasizing that it is, in fact, large or present to a large degree.
• The difference in price between the two products was inconsiderable and did not affect the purchasing decision.
• Thus, 'worthwhile' is the most suitable answer.

The correct answer is and

Key Points

• But: You use but to introduce something which contrasts with what you have just said, or to introduce something which adds to what you have just said.
• However: You use however when you are adding a comment which is surprising or which contrasts with what has just been said
• And: You use and to link two or more words, groups, or clauses.
• While: If something happens while something else is happening, the two things are happening at the same time.
• Since we are linking two clauses here, 'and' is suitable to use here.

Thus, the complete sentence becomes: India is the second-most populous country and the seventh-largest country by area in the world.

The correct answer is fell

Key Points

• Falling is an adjective that means declining; deteriorating
• 'Was fall' is grammatically incorrect, we use 'was + V₃' in passive voice.
• To fall into the trap: If someone falls into the trap of doing something, they think or behave in a way that is not wise or sensible.
• Fall down: If an argument, organization, or person falls down on a particular point, they are weak or unsatisfactory on that point. There is no such word as 'fall down into'
• Thus, 'fell' is most suitable.

Thus, the complete sentence becomes: Ramesh fell into his own trap.

The correct answer is 2

Key Points

• 'based in Delhi' should be there in place of 'based on Delhi'
• "Based in" implies the major operations of a business or entity is contained wholly or primarily in that city.
• Example: She is a hardware engineer based in London.
• Thus, the correct answer is: This year, we were visited by the director of the Austrian Culture Forum, based in Delhi and together we all wanted to initiate an art festival in South India.

There is no error hence no rectification is required. Thus option 4 is the correct answer. 

Key Points

• A plural subject requires a plural verb. Since the subject given here 'best wishes' is plural, we need a plural verb here.

The logic followed here is:-

Wood is used to make Door.

Table to show the related word pair (i.e. the word pair that follows the same logic as Wood : Door)

So, it is clear from the above that the word pair related to Wood : Door is Clay : Statue (as it follows the same logic)

Hence, the correct answer is "Clay : Statue".

The Logic followed here is:-

Product of the digits of first number = Second number

In 41 : 4

4 × 1 = 4

Similarly,

In 37 : 21

3 × 7 = 21

Hence, the correct answer is "21".

The pattern followed here:-

AMC is related to COE as:-

 

Similarly,

RAX is related to TCZ as:-

 

Hence, the correct answer is "TCZ".

The logic followed here is:-

Teacher, Lawyer and Chef represents Profession or Occupation.

Whereas,

Justice is an abstract noun and doesn't represent any profession or occupation.

As can be seen clearly that Justice is an odd word among the given alternatives.

Hence, the correct answer is "Justice".

The logic followed here is:-

Second number = (First number)2 

1. In 11 – 121 → 121 = (11)2 

2. In 12 – 144 → 144 = (12)2

3. In 15 – 225 →  225 = (15)2

4. In 13 – 171 → 169 = (13)²  ≠ 171

As can be established from above that 13 – 171 is the odd number pair.

Hence, the correct answer is "13 – 171".

The pattern followed here is:-

1. MSY

 

2) KQW

 

3. RXC

 

4. DJP

 

As can be seen from the above that RXC are the odd letters among the given alternatives as the letters RXC doesn't follow the pattern.

Hence, the correct answer is "RXC".

The correct order of the given words as they would appear in an English dictionary is as shown below:-

3. Script

4. Scruples

5. Seaman

6. Seat

7. Second

Hence, the correct answer is "32154".

The pattern followed here is:-

Hence, the correct answer is "108".

The pattern followed here is:-

 

Hence, the correct answer is "KTX".

Given:-

1. Aman is 4 years older to Bimal

Aman > Bimal

2. Bimal is 2 years younger to Chaman

Aman > Chaman > Bimal

3. Chaman is 6 years older to Dhruv

Aman > Chaman > Bimal > Dhruv

4. Dhruv is 9 years younger to Esha

Esha > Aman > Chaman > Bimal > Dhruv

As can be seen from the above that Aman is  the second eldest among all.

Hence, the correct answer is "Aman".

Given word → Apparent

1. Pear → APPARENT (all the letters are present so, the word Pear can be formed)

2. Pent → APPARENT (all the letters are present so, the word Pent can be formed)

3. Rent → APPARENT (all the letters are present so, the word Rent can be formed)

4. Relevant → Letter 'V' is not present in the given word 'Apparent' as well as word 'Apparent' has only one 'e' while the word Relevant has three e's. So, the word cannot be formed.

Hence, the correct answer is "Relevant".

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is " EDUZS ".

As per the given information,

Given: 3 ÷ 12 - 40 + 5 × 20

Changing symbols as per the given information

We get,

3 - 12 + 40 × 5 ÷ 20

Using BODMAS Rule,

= 3 – 12 + 40 × 0.25

= 3 – 12 + 10

= 3 – 2

= 1

Hence, the correct answer is " 1 ".

Let's check each option,

1) ÷ and -

→ 40 - 8 × 5 + 15 ÷ 2 = 30

→ 7.5 ≠ 30

→ LHS ≠ RHS.

2. + and ÷

→ 40 + 8 × 5 ÷ 15 - 2 = 30

→ 40.66 ≠ 30

→ LHS ≠ RHS.

3. - and +

→ 40 ÷ 8 × 5 - 15 + 2 = 30

→ 12 ≠ 30

→ LHS ≠ RHS.

4) × and -

→ 40 ÷ 8 - 5 + 15 × 2 = 30

→ 30 = 30

→ LHS = RHS.

Here, we can see that only Option 4 satisfy the condition.

Hence, the correct answer is " × and - ".

The pattern followed here is,

8α9 = 8 × 9 = 72 = -72

-9α3 = -9 × 3 = -27 = 27

-6α1 = -6 × 1 = -6 = 6

Similarly,

-3α6 = -3 × 6 = -18 = 18

Hence, the correct answer is " 18 ".

The pattern followed here is:

The letter 'a' (lower case) is moving one step backward in each term of the series.

Hence, the correct answer is " aAAAAAA ".

As per the given information,

Here, we can see that rider A is 10 km south of rider B.

Hence, the correct answer is " 10 km South ".

The least possible diagram of this question is as follows,

Conclusion I: All nails are screws → False (It is possible but not definite).

Conclusion II: All screws are nails → False (It is possible but not definite).

Hence, the correct answer is " Neither Conclusion I nor Conclusion II follows ".

Here the alphabets in rectangle represents Coppersmiths: A, B, and F

Circle represents Bankers: F, and G

Triangle represents Gamers: B, C, and D

Square represents Father: E, and D

Set of letters represents Coppersmiths who are neither Gamers nor Bankers = A

Hence, the correct answer is " A ".

The pattern followed here is,

→ 1 is added to the first letter of each cluster to get the first letter of the next cluster.

→ 3 is added to the second letter of each cluster to get the second letter of the next cluster.

→ 5 is added to the third letter of each cluster to get the third letter of the next cluster.

As per the logic,

 

Hence, the correct answer is " WMS ".

The logic followed here is,

→ 5 and 6 is subtracted from the numbers alternately to get the next number of the series.

 

Hence, the correct answer is " 24 ".

Alternate Method The logic used here, 

→ 11 has been subtracted from each term to get the next alternate term of the series.

 

Hence, the correct answer is " 24 ".

The pattern followed here is,

Second number = (First number) × 2) + 1

Third number = Second number + [(First number) × 2]

Let's check each option as per the pattern,

1. (8, 17, 33) = 8, [(8 × 2) + 1 = 17], [17 + (8 × 2) = 33]

2. (11, 23, 45) = 11, [(11 × 2) + 1 = 23], [23 + (11 × 2) = 45]

3) (13, 27, 51) = 13, [(13 × 2) + 1 = 27], [27 + (13 × 2) = 52 ≠ 51]

4. (17, 35, 69) = 17, [(17 × 2) + 1 = 35], [35 + (17 × 2) = 69]

Here, we can see that Only option 3 doesn't satisfy the pattern.

Hence, the correct answer is " (13, 27, 51) ".

If a mirror is placed along XY line, we will get the following mirror image.

Hence, the correct answer is " Option 1 ".

The faces opposite to each other are shown below:

1) 

 → Can be formed.

2) 

 → Cannot be formed as 

and 

 are opposite to each other according to the question figure but here they are given in adjacent which is not possible.

3) 

 → Can be formed.

4) 

 → Can be formed.

Hence, the correct answer is " Option 2 ".

Let's check each option as per the given information,

1. 42, 97, 30, 59 → B, V, A, U

2. 40, 97, 40, 55 → M, V, M, Z

3. 65, 59, 20, 12 → Y, U, C, K

4. 13, 69, 24, 99 → D, N, A, X

Hence, the correct answer is " 65, 59, 20, 12 ".

Let us consider 4¹ = 4, 4² = 16, 4³ = 64, 4⁴ = 256

It can be seen that the power of ‘4’ follows a cycle of even and odd (That means all the odd powers of ‘4’ ends in 4 and all the even powers of ‘4’ ends in 6)

As per the given problem (194)¹⁰² + (294)¹⁰³, any odd power for 4 ends with 4 and all the even powers for ‘4’ ends with 6)

So, the unit’s digit of (194)¹⁰² ends with 6 and that of (294)¹⁰³ ends with 4

So the sum of the unit’s digit will be unit’s digit of (6 + 4 = 10)

∴ Unit place digit is 0

Formula used:

Average = Sum of observations / Number of observations

Calculation:

All the prime numbers between 20 and 50 are 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, and 47

The average = (23 + 29 + 31 + 37 + 41 + 43 + 47)/7 = 251/7 = 35.857

∴ The required average = 35.857

For the given equation to have infinite number of solutions ratio of coefficients of variable ‘x’ should be equal to the ratio of the constants on either side

⇒ (5/60) = (35/s)

⇒ s = (35 × 60)/5 = 420

∴ Required answer = 420

We know that if (a + b + c) = 0 then a³ + b³ + c³ = 3abc

In the given problem, (a + b + c) = 4 + 2 + (-6) = 6 – 6 = 0

The value of (a³ + b³ + c³) - 3abc = 3abc - 3abc = 0

∴ Required Sum = 0

Concept used:

Two-line segments are said to be congruent if they have the same length.

Calculation:

Two-line segments are said to be congruent if they have the same length.

∴ The correct choice is AB = CD

∴ Option 1 is the correct answer.

Detailed solution:-

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Since in an equilateral triangle in-centre, centroid, circum-centre and ortho-centre lie on the same point.

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⇒ Centroid divides the median in the ratio = 2 : 1

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In an equilateral triangle, the Median is equal to three times the inradius  

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∴ Length of each median =(2+1)× in-radius

∴ Inradius = Median/3 = 12/3 = 4 cm

If there is an increase of x%, y% and z% respectively to a certain number ‘A’, then the final value will be equal to A (1 + x%) (1 + y%) (1 + z%)

Let the population of the town 3 years back be ‘A’

After the increase of certain percentage in the next consecutive 3 years, the population would be A (1 + 5%) (1 + 6%) (1 + 8%) = 120204

⇒ A (1.05) (1.06) (1.08) = 120204

⇒ A = 120204/(1.05) (1.06) (1.08) = 100000

∴ Population of the town after 3 years = 100000

Given:

The total amount with them together = Rs. 3170

Therefore x + y + z = 3170      ----(1)

Given that after diminishing the share by a certain amount, the remaining amount with X, Y, Z will be in the ratio 20 : 18 : 21

Calculations:

Let the initial shares of  X, Y, Z be x, y, z respectively

Let us consider the amount with each of them is X = 20k, Y = 18k, Z = 21k

The actual share left over with each of them after diminishing is x - 13, y - 12 and z - 18 with X, Y, Z respectively

Substituting the new values in Equation 1 we get,

⇒ (x - 13) + (y - 12) + (z - 18) = 20k + 18k + 21k

⇒ (x + y + z) - (13 + 12 + 18) = 59k

⇒ 3170 - 43 = 59k

⇒ k = 3127/59 = 53

Initial share with Z = 21k + 18 = (21 × 53) + 18 = 1113 + 18 = 1131

∴ Initial share with Z is ​Rs. 1131.

Given Profit = 10%, Selling Price = Rs. 35.2

Cost Price = Selling Price/(1 + Profit%) = 35.2/(1 + 10%) = 35.2/(1 + 0.1) = 35.2/1.1 = Rs. 32

Now find the ratio in which the two varieties of sugar need to be mixed to get a cost price of Rs. 32

Using the formula for Allegations,

Quantity of lesser price/Quantity of higher price = (Average - Price of lesser quantity)/(Price of higher quantity Average)

⇒ (32 – 30)/(38 – 32) = 2/6 = 1 : 3

∴ Required ratio = 1 : 3

Let the four students be a, b, c, d

Sum of age of the last three students (b + c + d) = 20 × 3 = 60      ----(1)

Sum of age of the first three students (a + b + c) = 21 × 3 = 63     ----(2)

Now, a + b + c = 63 > b + c + d = 60

⇒ a > d

Subtraction Equation 2 with Equation 1, we get (a - d) = 3

Given age of the first student ‘a’ = 26

Age of the last student ‘d’ = a – 3 = 26 – 3 = 23

∴ Required answer = 23

Formula for Simple Interest (SI) = PTR/100 (where ‘P’ = Principal, ‘T’ = Time Period, ‘R’ = Rate of Interest)

Given ‘T’ = 4 years, P/SI = 5/1

Rate of Interest (R) = 100 SI/PT = 100/(5 × 4) = 100/20 = 5%

∴ Rate of Interest (R) = 5%

Formula for Profit = Cost Price × Profit %

Profit = 495 × 40% = 495 × (40/100) = 1980/10 = Rs. 198

∴ Profit = Rs. 198

Given:-

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Cost Price = Rs. 900

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Successive discounts  = 10% and 20% 

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Formula used :-  

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Selling Price = Cost Price (1 -  Discount₁) (1 -  Discount2)

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Calculation:-

After the successive discounts,

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Selling Price = 900 (1 -10%) (1 -20%) = 900 × 0.9 × 0.8 = Rs. 648

∴ Selling price of the table = Rs. 648

⇒ √(3⁴ + 12²) = √(81 + 144) = √225 = 15

∴ Value is 15

Number of person days required = 28 × 36 = 1008

Number of person days spent = 28 × 18 = 504

Number of people left = (28 - 4) = 24

Using the formula for person days 1008 = 504 + 24x

⇒ 24x = 1008 - 504 = 504

⇒ x = 504/24 = 21 days

∴ Number of days needed to complete remaining work = 21

From the problem, it is clear that after repairing the car covers distance ‘X’ in 6 hours travelling at a speed of 72 kmph

Distance ‘X’ = Speed × Time = 72 × 6 = 432 kms

Time taken to travel a distance of 3X (3 × 432 = 1296 kms) before repairing at a speed of 54kmph = 1296/54 = 24 hours

∴ Required Time = 24 hours

Calculations:

From the graph, it can be seen that the second highest average marks is 70 which is scored by Division G

∴ The second highest average marks is 70 which is scored by G.

Average marks scored by Division C = 35

Average marks scored by Division G = 70

Ratio of average marked scored by Division C to Division G = 35 : 70 = 1 : 2

∴ Correct answer is 1 : 2

Marks scored by Division F = 80

Marks scored by Division B = 40

Required Percentage = [(80 - 40)/40] × 100% = (40/40) × 100% = 100%

∴ Correct answer is 100%

As the increase in marks of all the students in Division B is 5 each, the average in all increases by 5 as well

So, the percentage increase in average = (5/40) × 100% = (5 × 2.5 %) = 12.5%

∴ Correct answer is 12.5%

Perimeter of the rectangle = 2 (Length + Breadth) = 2 × (24 + 7) = 2 × 31 = 62 cms

∴ Correct answer is 62

Given diameter of a circle (d) = 35cm

Circumference of the circle = πd = (22/7) × 35 = 22 × 5 = 110 cms

∴ Correct answer is 110

Given diameter of a circle (d) = 7 cm

Radius = Diameter/2 = 7/2 = 3.5 cm

Volume of a sphere = (4/3)πr³ = (4/3) × (22/7) × 3.5³ = 179.67 cms

∴ Correct answer is 179.67

Sum of the three angles of the triangle = 180°

Angle Q = 90°, Angle R = 45°, Angle P = 180° – (90° + 45°) = 180° - 135° = 45°

Value of (cosec P - √3/2) = (cosec 45° - √3/2) = (√2 - √3/2) = (2√2 - √3)/2)

∴ Correct answer is (2√2-√3)/2

We know that cosec X = Hypotenuse/Opposite = XZ/YZ = 17/15

Let the sides PR and QR be 17x and 15x respectively

For the right-angled triangle, as per Pythagoras theorem,

XY² + YZ² = XZ²

⇒ XY² = XZ² - YZ²

⇒ XY² = (17x)² - (15x)² = 289x² - 225x² = 64x²

⇒ XY = √64x² = 8x

From the figure, cot Z = YZ/XY = 15x/8x = (15/8)

∴ cot Z = (15/8)

The correct answer is Darjeeling Basmati.

Key Points

• A geographical indicator (GI) is a label applied to goods with a particular geographic origin and characteristics or a reputation derived from that origin.
• An indication that a product is made in a certain location is necessary for a sign to be considered a GI.
• Additionally, the origin of the product should largely account for its traits, attributes, or reputation.
• There is an obvious connection between the product and its original site of production because the attributes are dependent on the geographic location of production.
• A geographical indicator right permits the owner of the right to use the indication to stop the third party from using it to market a product that doesn't meet the relevant criteria.
• A protected geographical indicator holder cannot stop someone from producing a product using the same methods described in the indication's specifications.
• A right over the sign that makes up a geographical indicator is typically needed to get protection for it.​
• Darjeeling Basmati not have a GI tag.

Additional Information

The correct answer is GV Ramkrishna.

Key PointsDisinvestment Commis sion 

• In 1996, the Government of India set up a Disinvestment Commission under the Ministry of Industries.
• The mandate of the commission was to assess the viability and advice the Government on disinvesting various PSE's through market development and diversifying transfer of ownership of the PSU's for five-ten years period.
• Ministry of Industry (Department of Public Enterprises) vide a resolution dated 23 August 1996, constituted a Public Sector Disinvestment Commission for a period of three years under Shri G.V. Ramakrishna along with four other members.
• The term was further extended till 30 November 1999.
• The Commission submitted reports  on 58 PSEs.
• This disinvestment commission ceased to exist in May 2004.
• On 14th April 2016, the Department of Disinvestment was renamed as Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (DIPAM).
• In November 2005 National Investment Fund was constituted to channel the proceeds from the disinvestment of Central Public Sector Enterprises.
• Disinvestment helps in creating a better environment for investment.

Important Points The Rangarajan Committee:

• It was constituted by the government in 1993 for making recommendations in the context of disinvestment.
• The committee proposed that:
• The public sector units to be disinvested should be first identified and disinvestment could be made up to any level. It put defense and atomic energy in exception where the government should retain the majority holding in equity.
• It should be a transparent process thereby duly protecting the right of the stakeholders.
• The setting up of an autonomous body for the smooth functioning and monitoring of the disinvestment programme. This recommendation led to the set up of the Disinvestment Commission in 1996 as an advisory body having a full-time chairman and four part-time members. The Commission was also required to advise the government on the extent, made, timing and pricing of disinvestment.

The correct answer is Faith in Sangha.

Key Points

• The Dhamma refers to Buddhist doctrine and is often interpreted to mean the ‘teachings of the Buddha’.
• This doctrine was originally passed through word of mouth from the Buddha to his group of followers.
• These teachings were not written down for many years.
• It also gives people a way to live life that can lead them towards achieving enlightenment.
• It encourages Buddhists to follow the Noble Eightfold Path and to practice meditation.
• Sangha is a Buddhist monastic order, traditionally composed of four groups: monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen.
• The sangha is a part—together with the Buddha and the dharma (teaching)—of the Threefold Refuge, a basic creed of Buddhism.
• Followers of Buddhism don’t acknowledge a supreme god or deity. They instead focus on achieving enlightenment—a state of inner peace and wisdom. When followers reach this spiritual echelon, they’re said to have experienced nirvana.

The correct answer is Merger of Bengal.

Key Points

• The Doctrine of Lapse was an annexation policy implemented by the East India Company in the Indian subcontinent regarding princely kingdoms.
• It was in effect until 1859, two years after the East India Company was replaced by the British Raj.
• The company took over the princely states of Satara (1848), Jaitpur and Sambalpur(1849), Bhagat (1850), Udaipur (Chhattisgarh) (1852), Jhansi (1853), Nagpur (1854), Tore and Arcot (1855) under the terms of the doctrine of lapse.
• Lord Dalhousie proclaimed the annexation of Punjab on 29 March 1849.
• During the times of Lord Dalhousie, a separate Lieutenant Governor was appointed for the Presidency of Bengal so that it could immediately relieve the Governor-General of India from the pressure of local administration.
• In April 1854 Fredrick J Halliday was appointed the First Lieutenant Governor-General of Bengal under the provisions of the Charter act of 1853.
• Hence, the Merger of Bengal is not credited to Lord Dalhousie.

The correct answer is Venus and Mars.

Key Points

• Our Solar system consists of 8 plants and their descending order in terms of their size is Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Earth, Venus, Mars, and Mercury.
• Note: Pluto is not considered a planet now.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e. West Bengal.

Key Points

• Among the given options,  West Bengal has the smallest coastline.
• India has a coastline of 7516.6 km- 5422.6 km of mainland coastline and 2094 km of island states.
• The nine coastal states are:
• Gujarat
• Maharashtra
• Goa
• Karnataka
• Kerala
• Tamil Nadu
• Andhra Pradesh
• Odisha
• West Bengal
• Two island territories of India are:
• Andaman and Nicobar Islands
• Lakshadweep islands
• Goa has the smallest coastline in India.
• Gujarat has the largest coastline among all Indian states

Additional Information

Note: Gujarat has the longest coastline of approx 1,600 kilometres.

The correct answer is Pawapuri.

Key Points

• Gautama Buddha is the founder of Buddhism.
• Gautama Buddha is also known as Siddhartha,
• He was born about 2500 years ago (around 563 BC).
• He was the son of Suddhodhana and Mahamaya.
• He belonged to a small gana known as the Sakya gana and was a Kshatriya.
• He was married to Yashodhara.
• He learned the technique of meditation from his first teacher Alara Kalama.
• He attained enlightenment under a peepal tree at Bodh Gaya in Bihar.
• After attaining enlightenment he went to Sarnath, near Varanasi, where he taught for the first time
• Buddha preached his first sermon at Sarnath.
• He also taught people to be kind and to respect the lives of others, including animals.
• He died in 483 BC under a Sal tree in Kushinagar.

The correct answer is Pakistan.

Key Points

• Kishanganga Project is a major reason for contention between India and Pakistan.
• Kishanganga is a tributary of Jhelum on which an Rs. 5,750-crore project has been built.
• According to Pakistan, this project is a violation of the 1960 Indus Waters Treaty between the two countries.

The correct answer is Salim Gafur Shaikh.

Key Points

• Salim Gafur Shaikh, a bus driver from Gujarat, has been honored with ‘Uttam Jeevan Raksha Padak’. He drove through a hail of bullets. He saved the lives of more than 50 Amarnath Yatra pilgrims. The highest Gallantry award for civilians is the Sarvottam Jeevan Raksha Padak.

Important PointsJeevan Raksha Padak Awards

• Jeevan Raksha Padak awards, an offshoot of the Ashoka Chakra
  

series of Gallantry awards were instituted in 1961.

• The award is given to a person for saving someone’s life. The award is given for a humane act of saving a person's life in cases like drowning in water, accidents, fire incidents, electrocution, natural calamities, rescue operation in mines, etc.
• It is given in the following three categories:-
• Sarvottam Jeevan Raksha Padak-  Prize ₹ 2,00,000/-
• Uttam Jeevan Raksha Padak- Prize ₹ 1,50,000/-
• Jeevan Raksha Padak- Prize ₹ 1,00,000/-

Additional Information

• The President of India has approved the conferment of Jeevan Raksha Padak Series of Awards – 2022 on 43 persons which includes Sarvottam Jeevan Raksha Padak to 07, Uttam Jeevan Raksha Padak to 08 and Jeevan Raksha Padak to 28 persons. Four awardees are posthumous.

The correct answer is Sri Jayewardenepura.

Key Points

• Sri Lanka is an island country in South Asia whose official capital is Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte.
• While Colombo is the commercial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka. Sinhalese form the majority of the population there.

The Correct answer is All I, II and III.

Explanation;

• Synthetic fibres (man-made fibres), are fibres created by humans by chemical synthesis.
• It is different from natural fibres.
• Synthetic fibre is also made up of a series of tiny units that are linked together which forms a larger unit called a polymer.
• Each little unit is made up of a chemical compound
• The most common example of man-made fibre is Nylon. 
• It was created in 1931 without the use of any natural raw materials (plant or animal).
• Coal, water, and air were used to make it.
• It was the world's first completely synthetic fibre.
• Nylon is a strong, elastic, and light fibre.
• It is glossy and simple to clean.
• As a result, it grew in popularity as a fabric for clothing.
• Socks, ropes, tents, toothbrushes, car seat belts, sleeping bags, curtains, and many other items are made of nylon.
• Parachutes and rock climbing ropes are also made of nylon because it is stronger than a steel wire.
• Nylon is a synthetic fibre. In early 1930’s Nylon was prepared from coal, water and air.
• Nylon was the first fully synthetic fibre. Nylon fibre was strong, elastic and light.

The correct answer is Copper and Platinum are ductile.

Explanation:

• Ductility is the property of metals. Thus gold and silver are ductile.
• Phosphorus and nitrogen are non-metals thus they are not ductile.
• Metals are sonorous i.e. Sulphur and Phosphorus, which are non-metals, cannot be sonorous.
• Copper and Platinum being metals are ductile. Thus the only correct statement is- Statement 3.

The correct answer is Zero Hour.

Key Points

• The time gap between the question hour and the agenda is known as zero hour.
• It is not mentioned in the Rules of the procedure. Thus it is an informal device available to members of parliament to raise matters without any 10 days prior notice.
• It is an Indian Parliament innovation.
• The concept of Zero Hour started organically in the first decade of the Indian Parliament to raise important constituency and national issues.
• This Zero Hour gives an opportunity for MPs to raise national issues without advance notice became available at 12 pm and could last for an hour until the House adjourned for lunch.
• This led to the hour being popularly referred to as Zero Hour and the issues being raised during this time as Zero Hour submissions.

Additional Information

Calling attention motion:

• It is introduced by a member with the prior permission of the Speaker to call the attention of a Minister to any matter of urgent public importance and the Minister may make a brief statement or ask for time to make a statement at a later hour or date.
• Normally, a member should not give more than two calling attention notices to anyone sitting.
• A notice signed by more than one member is deemed to have been given by the first signatory only.
• Like Zero hour, calling attention motion is an Indian innovation in the parliamentary procedure and has been in existence since 1954. However, unlike the zero-hour,

Half-an-hour discussion

• It is meant for discussing a matter of sufficient public importance, which has been subjected to a lot of debate and the answer to which needs elucidation on a matter of fact.
• It is mentioned in the Rules of Procedure of the House.
• The Speaker can allot three days a week for such discussions.
• There is no formal motion or voting before the House.
• Half-an-Hour Discussions are generally held on the three sittings in a week; namely, Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
• While specifying the date of discussion, members should ensure that the date of discussion falls on any of the above three settings.
• In case, where wrong dates are given by the members, the notice will be deemed to have been given for the next available date.

Short duration discussion​

• The short-duration discussion is a procedural device to enable members to raise discussion without a formal motion on a matter of urgent public importance.
• It is also known as a two-hour discussion as the time allotted for such a discussion should not exceed two hours.
• The members of the Parliament can raise such discussions on a matter of urgent public importance.
• The Speaker can allot two days a week for such discussions.
• There is neither a formal motion before the House nor voting.
• This device has been in existence since 1953.

The correct answer is Municipal Council:

Key Points

• Municipal Councils and Municipal Corporation are all Urban Governance Bodies responsible to generate revenue through taxes and delivering services to the citizens.
• Municipal Councils are for towns between 25,000 and 100,000 in population.

Additional Information

• Nagar Panchayat controls the transitional areas (from rural to urban).
• Each Nagar Panchayat comprises a committee that has a Mayor as its head and other ward members. The functions of Nagar Panchayat are to provide essential facilities and services to the urban area, supply water to every ward, maintain records of births and deaths, and many more.
• A Municipal Corporation is to govern cities with a population of more than 100,000 people.

.The correct answer is Stomata.

Key Points

• Stomata are tiny openings or pores on the surface of the plant leaves that allow gas exchange.
• In botany, the stoma ('stomata') is a pore located throughout the epidermis of leaves, roots, and other organs that promotes the flow of water.
• The pore is bordered by a pair of specialized parenchymal cells known as guard cells, which are responsible for controlling the size of the stomatal opening.
• The term is generally used collectively to refer to the entire stomatal complex, consisting of the paired guard cells and the pore itself, which is referred to as the stomatal opening.
• Air enters the plant by gaseous diffusion through these openings and contains carbon dioxide which is used in photosynthesis and oxygen which is used in respiration.

Additional Information 

• Chloroplast
• Chloproplast is semiautonomous organelles.
• It is a double membrane organelle.
• It consists of the outer and inner membranes.
• It consists of chlorophyll pigment.
• It has ribosomes and is 70s-type.
• Flattened membranous sacs in the chloroplasts are termed the thylakoid.
• It is the site of light reactions.
• Chlorophyll
• It is a green pigment present in the chloroplasts of the plant cell and in the mesosomes of cyanobacteria.
• By allowing plants to absorb energy from sunlight, this green colour pigment plays a crucial role in photosynthetic activity. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
• Chlorophyll is a chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b combination.
• Chlorophyll absorbs mostly in the blue and to a lesser extent red portions of the electromagnetic spectrum, hence its intense green colour.
• Green substance in producers that traps light energy from the sun, which is then used to combine carbon dioxide and water into sugars in the process of photosynthesis Chlorophyll is vital for photosynthesis, which helps plants get energy from light.
• Chlorophyll molecules are specifically arranged in and around pigment-protein complexes called photosystems, which are embedded in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
• Vacuoles:
• It occupies a large area in plant cells.
• It contains water, sap, and excretory product.
• It maintains the water balance inside the plant.

The correct answer is intestine.

Explanation:

• Formation of lymph takes place when interstitial fluid is collected through lymph capillaries not by leakage of blood through capillaries.
• Lymph contains salt, fat, water and White Blood Cells and not Red Blood Cells.
• Lymph is also circulated by the blood circulating the heart.
• It not only transports hormones it transports salt, WBCs, etc.

Functions Of Lymph:

• Cells of the body are kept moist with the aid of this fluid.
• It helps in maintaining the blood volume in the body as whenever such conditions occur, the fluid rushes from the systems where they are present to the vascular system of blood.
• It helps in the transportation of plasma protein macromolecules that are synthesized in liver cells along with hormones produced by the endocrine glands to the blood. The molecules of these elements would not be able to pass through blood capillaries that are narrow but could move swiftly through the lymphatic capillaries.
• The fluid transports and absorbs fat and fat-soluble vitamins from the intestine. Lacteals present in the intestinal villi help in assisting the process of absorption and transportation of fat.

The correct answer is 1 lakh.

Key Points

• ‘Pradhan Mantri LPG Panchayat Yojana was launched by the Government of India with the aim to encourage rural communities to go on clean fuel. Under this yojana, 1 lakh ‘Pradhan Mantri LPG Panchayat’ would be organised across the country in the next one and half years.
• The LPG Panchayat, organized by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas under the Pradhan Mantri Ujjawala Yojana was hosted by Ram Nath Kovind.
• Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) was initiated by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 1 May 2016 to administer 50 million LPG connections to Below Poverty Line ( BPL) residents.
• A budgetary allowance of 80 billion (USD 1.1 billion) has been made for the program.
• In the first year of its launch, the distribution of connections amounted to 22 million compared to the target of 15 million.
• At the 107th Indian Science Congress held in Bengaluru in January 2020, Narendra Modi claimed that technology has enabled India to "recognise 8 crores [80 million] people still use coal or wood for cooking" and also to "understand how many new distribution centers need to be established by means of technology."

The correct answer is SARAS PT1N.

Key Points

• SARAS PT1N is the new upgraded version of the indigenous transport aircraft SARAS.
• It is a 14-seater passenger aircraft. It is developed by National Aeronautics Laboratory.
• It is capable of operating both civil and military operations and also capable of executing day and night missions.
• It successfully completed its first test flight in January 2018.

Additional InformationSARAS

• The Saras is an indigenous twin-engine, multirole light transport aircraft being designed and developed jointly by Indian companies National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the Indian Air Force (IAF).
• It is capable of operating both civil and military operations and also capable of executing day and night missions.
• It successfully completed its first test flight in January 2018.

The correct answer is 2%.

Key Points

• Export incentives under Merchandise Exports from India (MEIS) have been increased by 2 percent across the board for labor-intensive MSME sectors leading to the additional annual incentive of Rs. 4,567 crores.
• This is in addition to the already announced increase in MEIS incentives from 2 percent to 4 percent for Ready-made Garments Made Ups in the labour intensive Textiles Sector with an additional annual incentive of Rs. 2,743 crores Further, incentives under the Services Exports from India Scheme (SEIS) have also been increases by 2% percent leading to an additional annual incentive of Rs. 1,140 crores.

The correct answer is Person will be compelled to disclose his HIV status if even he/she does not give his/her Consent.

Key PointsHIV and AIDS (Prevention and Control) Act, 2017 

• The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has issued a notification for bringing the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (Prevention and Control) Act, 2017 in force from 10th September 2018.
• By this act, the central and state governments shall take measures to:
• prevent the spread of HIV or AIDS.
• provide anti-retroviral therapy (ART) for persons with HIV or AIDS.
• facilitate HIV-affected person access to welfare schemes, especially for women and children.
• formulate HIV or AIDS education communication programmes that are age-appropriate, gender-sensitive, and non-stigmatizing.
• lay guidelines for the care and treatment of children with HIV or AIDS.
• provide HIV prevention, testing, treatment, and counseling services for every person in the care and custody of the state.

Important Points

• Informed consent and disclosure of HIV status-
• The Bill requires that no HIV test, medical treatment, or research will be conducted on a person without his informed consent.
• No person shall be compelled to disclose his HIV status except with his informed consent, and if required by a court order.
• Informed consent for an HIV test will not be required in case of screening by any licensed blood bank, a court order, medical research, or epidemiological purposes where the HIV test is anonymous and not meant to determine the HIV status of a person.
• Establishments keeping records of information on HIV-positive persons shall adopt data protection measures. The requirement for HIV testing as a pre-requisite for obtaining employment or accessing health care or education is also prohibited
• Punishment for violation of Act
• Violation of the Act by the publication of information about people living with HIV or advocating hatred against them will attract imprisonment ranging from three months to two years or a maximum fine of Rs. 1 lakh.

We know that, Acceleration = (Final velocity – Initial velocity)/Time

acceleration = (20 – 12)/4 m/s² = 2 m/s²

Also,

Force = mass × acceleration

Force = 5 × 2 = 10 N

we know that,

Average velocity = (initial velocity + final velocity)/2

∴ Final velocity = 2 × average velocity – initial velocity

The correct answer is Evolution.

Key Points

• Evolution: It can be defined as a naturally occurring slow, continuous and irreversible process of change. It is the gradual change of living organisms from pre-existing organisms since the beginning of life into various other forms.

Explanation:

The modern system of classification of living beings is based on the principles of evolution (homology). 

• Earlier scientists classified organisms on the basis of their habitat (ecology) into aquatic, and terrestrial.
• Then, Aristotle classified plants into herbs, shrubs, and trees according to their heights or their external appearance i.e. morphology.
• Then, anatomy or internal structure was emphasized for classifying organisms, such as cell structure, number of cells, components of the cell wall, etc.
• With advancements in technology, scientists are now able to study the evolutionary lineage of different organisms by studying their DNA.
• It has been observed that Birds and Reptiles are made into different categories according to traditional classification systems.
• But their evolutionary lineage suggests that they are more closely related to reptiles and they should be in the same group.
• During evolution, new species arose from pre-existing ones.
• The accumulation of variations in DNA or genetic material is one of the reasons for evolution.
• Thus, by tracing the similarities in DNA, scientists can tell how closely related two species are, and how they can be classified into different groups.

The correct answer is None

Key Points

• The Chess World Cup 2017 was held in Tbilisi, Georgia. Armenian grandmaster, Levon Aronian won it. Thus, statement A is wrong.
• In 2017, Roberto Firmino played for the Premier League team, Liverpool. Thus, statement B is wrong.
• In the 2018 IPL auctions, Chennai Super Kings retained MS Dhoni. Thus, statement C is wrong.

The correct answer is Paragraph formatting.

Key Points

• In Microsoft Word, there are basically two types of formatting - character formatting and paragraph formatting.
• Character formatting applies formatting to individual characters while Paragraph formatting applies formatting to individual paragraphs.