SSC CHSL Previous Paper 40 (Held On: 21 March 2018 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'Circumventing'

Key Points

• Let's see the meaning of the given/ correctly spelt word-
• Circumventing- is a verb that means 'find a way around' 
• For e.g.- We circumvented the problem by using a different program

The correct answer is 'ACB'

Key Points

• In the fixed part, 'too' is an adverb hence we need an adjective after this 'many' is an adjective that is going to be followed by the adverb. Hence, the first part is 'A'
• 'Now and then' is a phrase that means 'from time to time.' So this is going to be the second part.

So the correct sentence is- There were too many doubts that cropped up every now and then and I would run to my seniors for clarity and resolution.

The correct answer is '1'

Key Points

• The subject of the sentence is 'the sun' and the verb used is 'hid' that is past tense. 'behind' is a preposition and after a preposition, we need a prepositional object so 'a cloud' is a prepositional object.
• 'and' is coordinate conjunction that is going to take a parallelism rule. hence, 'seemed' is correct. The first action in this clause 'switching off the light' hence this action is going to be written in the past perfect tense.

So the correct sentence is- The sun hid behind a cloud and it seemed like a light had been switched off.

The correct answer is 'has discovered'

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the time reference is 'with time now available' hence this gives the hint that the action of the sentence is continuing from the past and is still active in the present hence we need to use the present perfect tense in the clause.

So the correct sentence is- With time now available for leisure, my father has discovered a new side to himself.

The correct answer is 'Embody'

Key Points

• Let's find the meaning of the given options:-
• Spectre - a ghost; an apparition; phantom.
• Revenant - a person who has returned, especially supposedly from the dead.
• Embody - be an expression of or give a tangible or visible form to an idea, quality, or feeling; personify.
• Apparition- A remarkable thing making a sudden appearance.

Clealry, option 3 i.e. embody is the best substitute of the given sentence.

The correct answer is 'Nihilism'

Key Points

• First, let's find out the meaning of the given options:-
• Nihilism - the rejection of all religious and moral principles, in the belief that life is meaningless; negativity.
• Certitude - absolute certainty or conviction that something is the case; confidence.
• Credence - belief in or acceptance of something as true.
• Fidelity - faithfulness to a person, cause, or belief, demonstrated by continuing loyalty and support.

Clearly, option 1 i.e. nihilism is the best substitute of the given sentence.

The correct answer is 'Newcomer to a particular place or sphere of activity.'

Key Points

• Here, option 4 gives the correct meaning of the above-mentioned phrase. That is, somebody is new in a place or organization and has many things to learn about it.
• Let's see an example-
• Realizing that he was the new kid on the block in his company, he worked hard to prove himself.

The correct answer is 'A minor difficulty but coming on top of a series of difficulties, that makes a situation unbearable.'

Key Points

• The meaning of the given idiom 'the last straw' is 'the latest problem in a series of problems, that makes a situation impossible to accept'
• Let's see an example-
• ​The last straw was when the company fired most of the managers.

The correct answer is 'up'

Key Points

• The meaning of the phrasal verb 'come up' is 'occur or present itself, especially unexpectedly.' or 'become brighter in a specified way as a result of being polished or cleaned.'
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 1'

The correct answer is 'in'

Key Points

• The context explains the importance of humanities and social science in a technology-equipped world. Here, a surrounding of tech-world is shown in which both humanities and social science arts are necessary. Thus, prepositions give the most relevant meaning.
• Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'same'

Key Points

• The context explains that the traditional approaches of teaching that is used without any activity make them going through the same beaten path. Since blank is followed by "beaten" which is an adjective. So, to enhance it, another adjective should be used. That is, same. Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.
• "Similarly" is an adverb and "similarity" is a noun.

The correct answer is 'Traditional'

Key Points

• In the given blank, we need an adjective because 'and' is a conjunction that helps in joining the same kind of adjective, on the other hand, conventional is an adjective so these both adjectives are going to be used for the noun 'approaches'
• So the correct answer is 'Traditional' i.e. Option 3.

The correct answer is 'human'

Key Points

• On looking at the above-given passage, we observe that it is based on the impact of humanities and liberal arts on teaching humans. Also, it describes the difference between technology advancements too.
• Since the blank is followed by word action. And, we know actions are done by humans.
• Let's find out the meaning of given words:-
• humane - having or showing compassion or benevolence.
• humanly - from a human point of view; in a human manner.
• Clearly, option 3 i.e. human best fits the blank here.

The correct answer is 'Psychology'

Key Points

• The meaning of the given word 'Psychology' is the scientific study of the human mind and its functions.
• Let's see an example-
• I'd driven from Tuscaloosa to interview several prisoners as part of my master's in psychology.

The correct answer is 'He told me that he goes for a walk daily.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is the direct speech that refers to the daily action hence, from this we can comprehend that the tense of the sentence will not change.
• whereas 'said to' will change into 'told' but the tense in the reported speech will not change because the time reference is given that denotes habitual action.
• So the correct indirect speech is- He told me that he goes for a walk daily.

The correct answer is 'The scene was enjoyed by everyone'

Key Points

• While changing the sentence in the passive voice always remember the following points-
• The tense of the sentence will not be changed.
• The subject becomes the object, and the object becomes the subject.
• The structure of the passive will be 'be + V₃'

So the correct passive is- The scene was enjoyed by everyone. i.e. Option 2.

The correct answer is 'PQR'

Key Points

• Let's see the grammatical structure of the sentence-
• In the fixed part of the opening sentence, the last word is 'to' which is a preposition.
• Generally,  after a preposition we use 'noun/pronoun/gerund'. Hence, the noun is written in part P (the education of girls is)
• 'Is' is a verb, therefore, we need to use an object after the verb which is written in part Q ( the prejudice against the)
• So the correct sequence is 'PQR' and Option 3 is the correct answer.

So the correct sentence is- The traditional obstacle to the education of girls is the prejudice against the intellectual potential of girls.

The correct answer is 'Sparse'

Key Points

• Let's see the meaning of the given words-
• Fecund→ is an adjective that means 'producing or capable of producing an abundance of offspring or new growth; highly fertile.'
• Sparse→ is an adjective that means 'thinly dispersed or scattered.'
• Productive→ is an adjective that means 'producing or able to produce large amounts of goods, crops, etc.'
• Rich→ is an adjective that means having a great deal of money or assets.'
• pregnant→ is an adjective that means 'having a child or young developing in the uterus.'
• So according to the meaning of the given words, the correct answer is 'Sparse' i.e. Option 1.

The correct answer is 'Numb'

Key Points

• Let's see the meaning of the given words-
• Vigilant→ is an adjective that means 'keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.'
• Observant→ is an adjective that means 'quick to notice things'
• Arouse→ is a verb that means 'evoke or provoke'
• Numb→ is an adjective that means 'deprived of the power of sensation'
• Active→ is an adjective that means 'moving or tending to move about vigorously or frequently.'
• So according to the meaning of the given words, the correct antonym of the given word is 'Numb'

The correct answer is 'Trick'

Key Points

• Let's see the meaning of the given words-
• Gaff→ is a noun that means 'a stick with a hook or barbed spear.'
• Complain→ is a verb that means 'express dissatisfaction or annoyance'
• Trick→ is a noun that means 'a cunning or skillful act or scheme intended to deceive or outwit someone.'
• Gesture→ is a noun that means 'an action performed to convey one's feelings or intentions.'
• Laugh→ is a verb that means 'make the sounds and movements that express lively amusement and sometimes also derision.'
• So according to the meaning of the given words, the correct answer is 'Trick' i.e. Option 2.

The correct answer is 'conflicting'

Key Points

• Let's see the meaning of the given words-
• Divisive→ is an adjective that means 'causing disagreement or hostility
• Agreeing→ is a verb that means 'have the same opinion'
• Conflicting→ is a gerund that means 'a serious disagreement or argument'
• Cooperating→ is a verb that means 'work together towards the same end.'
• Unify→ is a verb that means 'make or become united or uniform.'
• Hence, according to the meaning of the given words, the correct answer is 'Conflicting' i.e. option 2.

The correct answer is 'breeds'

Key Points

• According to grammar, 'not only...but also is a correlative conjunction hence if after 'not only' the verb is written then after 'but also' verb should be there in the same form.
• In the given sentence, 'not only has a verb 'generates' hence 'but also' should also have a verb. 
• Let's find out the meaning of the following words:-
• creeps: moves slowly and carefully in order to avoid being heard or noticed.
• breeds:- rears and trains someone to behave in a particular way.
• deeds: - an action that is performed intentionally or consciously.
• Clearly, with reference to context, corruption trains criminals to commit more crimes. Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'studies'

Key Points

• According to grammar, whenever the main clause is in the future tense especially in the conditional sentence the subordinate (if-clause) should be in the present tense. Hence, the verb in the blank should be 'studies'

So the correct sentence is- She will surely pass if she studies harder.

The correct answer is '2' i.e. error lies in this part of the sentence.

Key Points

In part 2 of the sentence, the usage of 'credit' is incorrect Instead, use 'credited'

• According to grammar, 'credit' is a noun as well as a verb whenever it is a noun it means 'the ability of a customer to obtain goods or services', and whenever it is a verb it means 'publicly acknowledge someone'
• In the given sentence, the doer of the verb 'credit' is somebody else hence it should be written in the passive voice.

So the correct sentence is- Swami Vivekananda died very young in his early thirties, but the phenomenal achievements, he is credited with, are for generations to remember.

The correct answer is '2' i.e. error lies in this part of the sentence

Key Points

In part 2 of the sentence, the usage of 'above' is incorrect Instead, use 'on'

• Pronounced on/upon is a phrasal verb that means 'to give your opinion on something, especially in a formal way'
• Let's see an example-
• It is too early to pronounce on the success or failure of the reforestation project.

So the correct sentence is- The injustice from the sentence pronounced on that great scientist, is now evident to us all.

The relation here is,

LHS is the part of RHS.

Wheel is the part of Cycle. Similarly, Cockpit is the part of Aeroplane.

Hence, the correct answer is "Cockpit : Aeroplane".

The logic followed here is:-

First number × 3 = Second number

In 49 : 147

49 × 3 = 147

Similarly,

In 63 : 189

63 × 3 = 189

Hence, the correct answer is "63 : 189".

Below given table shows the positional values of the letters:

The logic followed here is,

LJK : IGH →

Similarly,

PST : MPQ →

Hence, the correct answer is "MPQ".

Ball, Bat, and Wickets are the items in the Cricket kit whereas the Ground is where Cricket is played.

Thus, Ground is the odd word.

The logic here is as follows,

Logic: First Number × 2 = Second Number

1) 21 - 42 → 21 × 2 = 42

2) 23 - 46 → 23 × 2 = 46

3) 31 - 62 → 31 × 2 = 62

4) 33 - 69 → 33 × 2 = 66 ≠ 69

Hence, the correct answer is "33 - 69".

Below given table shows the positional values of the letters:

The pattern followed here is,

1) RMHC → 

2) XSNI →

3) YTOJ → 

4) ZVQL → 

Hence, the correct answer is "ZVQL".

The correct dictionary order is as follows,

1. Doubled
2. Doubling
3. Dragged
4. Dragging
5. Draw

Hence, the correct answer is "Dragged".

The logic here is as follows,

Hence, the correct answer is "181".

Below given table shows the positional values of the letters:

The logic here is as follows,

Hence, the correct answer is "OQS".

The only child of Arun’s father is Arun himself.

The wife of the only child of Arun’s father is Arun’s wife.

Hence, the correct answer is "Wife".

Given word → Scrupulous

1) Cup → Scrupulous (So, the word 'Cup' can be formed)

2. Louis → Scrupulous → As Letter 'L' is not present in the word 'Scrupulous' so, word 'Louis' cannot be formed.

3. Sup → Scrupulous (So, the word 'Sup' can be formed)

4. Rocs → Scrupulous (So, the word 'Rocs' can be formed)

Hence, the correct answer is "Louis".

The logic here is as follows,

HORN = 8 + 15 + 18 + 14 = 55, 55 -  1 = 54

RHYM = 18 + 8 + 25 + 13 = 64, 64 -  1 = 63

Similarly,

PURE = 16 + 21 + 18 + 5 = 60, 60 -  1 = 59

Hence, the correct answer is "59".

Given expression: 20 ÷ 2 - 3 + 10 × 6

Changing operators: 20 - 2 + 3 × 10 ÷ 6

Applying the BODMAS rule we get,

20 - 2 + 3 × 10 ÷ 6 

= 20 - 2 + 5

= 25 - 2

= 23

Hence, the correct answer is "23".

Given expression: 5 - 12 + 15 ÷ 50 × 25 = 23

Let’s check each option:

1) × and -

Expression becomes:

5 × 12 + 15 ÷ 50 - 25

= 60 + 0.3 - 25

= 35.3

2) ÷ and -

Expression becomes:

5 ÷ 12 + 15 - 50 × 25

= 0.42 + 15 - 1250

= -1234.58

3) - and +

Expression becomes:

5 + 12 - 15 ÷ 50 × 25

= 5 + 12 - 0.3 × 25

= 5 + 12 - 7.5

= 9.5

4) ÷ and ×

Expression becomes:

5 - 12 + 15 × 50 ÷ 25

= 5 - 12 + 15 × 2

= 5 - 12 + 30

= 23

Hence, the correct answer is "÷ and ×".

The logic followed here is:-

First number - Second number → Difference of two number ÷ 2 = Result.

In 18!10

18 - 10 → 8 ÷ 2 = 4

In 10!4

10 - 4 → 6 ÷ 2 = 3

In 4!8

4 - 8 → -4 ÷ 2 = -2

Similarly,

In 16!18

16 - 18 → -2 ÷ 2 = -1

Hence, the correct answer is "-1".

The pattern followed here is as follows,

• R exchanges position with P and move 2 positions towards the right in each alternate step from the first step.
• S exchanges position with Q and moves 2 positions towards the right in each alternate step from the second step.

Thus, the next term in the series will be ‘PQPQPSRQ’.

The path followed by the student is as follows,

The student is now 2 km toward the east from his starting position.

Hence, the correct answer is "2 km East".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows,

Conclusion:

I. All carpets are mats → Doesn't follow (In the above diagram shows there is no relation between carpets and mats)

II. Some carpets are rugs → Follow (In the above diagram shows there is a relation between rugs and carpets)

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion II follows".

1. The rectangle represents Cinematographers

2. Circle represents Bloggers

3. Triangle represents Potters

4. Square represents Asians

The set of letters which are in rectangle but not in triangle or square, represents Cinematographers who are neither Potters nor Asians.

The only letter that represents this set is ‘B’.

Hence, the correct answer is "B".

The pattern followed here is:-

As we can seen clearly from the above that the next term of given series is 'ITQ'.

Hence, the correct answer is "ITQ".

The patter followed here is:-

Hence, the correct answer is "31".

The logic here is as follows,

Logic: First number × 4 +1 = Second number 

First number × 2 + 1 = Third number

1) (6, 25, 12) → 6 × 4 = 24, 24 + 1 = 25; 6 × 2 = 12

2) (7, 29, 15) → 7 × 4 = 28, 28 + 1 = 29; 7 × 2 = 14, 14 + 1 = 15

3) (5, 21, 11) → 5 × 4 = 20, 20 + 1 = 21; 5 × 2 = 10, 10 + 1 = 11

4) (11, 45, 23) → 11 × 4 = 44, 44 + 1 = 45; 11 × 2 = 22, 22 + 1 = 23

Hence, the correct answer is "(6, 25, 12)".

The correct mirror image of the given figure when a mirror is placed on the line 'MN' is as shown below:-

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The arrow drawn in the given figure indicate the opposite faces of cube:-

In Option figure (1):-

Opposite faces of cube i.e. Star and Plus are present together. So, cube cannot be formed.

In Option figure (2):-

No opposite faces of a cube are present together. So, cube can be formed.

In Option figure (3):-

No opposite faces of a cube are present together. So, cube can be formed.

In Option figure (4):-

No opposite faces of a cube are present together. So, cube can be formed.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 1".

Let’s check all the options,

1) 34, 99, 43, 68 → KVEQ

2) 24, 97, 34, 57 → BVKV

3) 10, 33, 67, 43 → FARE

4) 24, 65, 44, 56 → BWFY

Thus the set ‘10, 33, 67, 43’ represents the word FARE.

Calculation:

The unit digit of the number 287496 is 6, hence, the unit digit of its cube root is also 6

Now, consider the digits leaving the last 3 digits, i.e., 287

6³ = 216 and 7³ = 343, the ten’s digit of the cube root is also 6

∴ The cube root of 287496 is 66

Calculation:

Taking the 12^th power of the numbers,

⇒ (⁴√5)¹² = (5)^{1/4 × 12} = (5)³ = 125

⇒ (³√4)¹² = (4)^{1/3 × 12} = (4)⁴ = 256

⇒ (⁴√6)¹² = (6)^{1/4 × 12} = (6)³ = 216

∵ 256 > 216 > 125

∴ ³√4 > ⁴√6 > ⁴√5

Calculation:

Given line, 8x + 4y = 40

Putting x = 0, y = 40/4 = 10

Putting y = 0, x = 40/8 = 5

∴ Total length intercepted on both axes = 10 + 5 = 15

Calculation:

Let the two numbers be ‘x’ and ‘y’

Average = (x + y)/2 = 10

⇒ x + y = 20

⇒ x = 20 – y        ----(1)

Product = xy = 96

Substituting from (1),

⇒ y(20 – y) = 96

⇒ y² – 20y + 96 = 0

⇒ y² – 12y – 8y + 96 = 0

⇒ y(y – 12) – 8(y – 12) = 0

⇒ (y – 12)(y – 8) = 0

⇒ y = 8, 12

⇒ x = 12, 8

∴ The numbers are 12, 8

Concept used:

• A pair of vertically opposite angles are always equal to each other.

• The total angle at the centre of the circle is 360° 

Calculation:

Central angle of the shaded region = 360° - 2(135°) = 90°

∵ arc length/circumference = central angle/360°

⇒ arc length/circumference = 90°/360° = 1/4

∴ The shaded region is the 1/4 part of the circular region

Concept used:

The ratio of the area of similar triangles is equal to the square of ratio of their corresponding sides,

Calculation:

Hence, for similar triangles ΔABC and ΔDEF,

∴ Area(ΔABC)/Area(ΔDEF) = (AB/DE)2 = (BC/EF)2 = (AC/DF)2

Calculation:

Let the larger number be ‘x’

Smaller number = (840 - x)

Now, 30% of smaller no. = 18% of larger no.

⇒ 0.3 × (840 - x) = 0.18x

⇒ 252 - 0.3x = 0.18x

⇒ 0.48x = 252

⇒ x = 252/0.48 = 525

∴ Larger number is 525

Given:

 3/5 of x = 4/9 of y

Calculation:

 3/5 of x = 4/9 of y

⇒ x/y = 4/9 × 5/3

∴ x ∶ y = 20 ∶ 27

GIVEN:

Price of Rice 1 = Rs. 14/kg

Price of Rice 2 = Rs. 11/kg

Price of the mixture = Rs. 11.6/kg

CALCULATION: 

Let ‘x’ kg of rice costing Rs. 14/kg is mixed with ‘y’ kg of rice costing Rs. 11/kg

⇒ Total cost = 14x + 11y = 11.6(x + y)

⇒ 14x - 11.6x = 11.6y - 11y

⇒ 2.4x = 0.6y

⇒ x/y = 0.6/2.4 = 1/4

∴ They are mixed in the ratio 1 ∶ 4

Shortcut Trick

Calculation:

Let the fathers’s age be ‘x’ years

Mothers age = (x + 4) years

Total age of 4 daughters = 4 × 12 = 48 years

Total age of daughters and their parents = 6 × 26 = 156 years

Total age of parents = 156 - 48 = 108 years

⇒ x + x + 4 = 108

⇒ x = 104/2 = 52 years

∴ Father’s age is 52 years

Concept used:

• Simple interest = Amount - Principal = (Principal × Rate × Time)/100

• In compound interest, Amount = Principal × (1 + Rate/100)Time

Calculation:

⇒ 32000 - 20000 = (20000 × Rate × 12)/100

⇒ Rate = (12000 × 100)/(20000 × 12) = 5%

When the same sum is invested in a scheme of compound interest for 2 years,

∴ Amount after 2 years = 20000 × (1 + 5/100)² = 20000 × 1.1025 = Rs. 22050

Given:

True weight = 1 kg = 1000 g

False weight = 750 g

Error = 1000 - 750 = 250 g

Concept used:

Profit by false weight = [error/(true weight - error)] × 100

Calculation:

Profit by false weight = (250/750) × 100 = 33.3%

Initial profit = -25% = (loss of 25%)

Overall profit/loss = 33.3 - 25 + (33 × - 25)/100 = 33.3 - 25 - 8.3 = 0%

∴ There is no profit/loss

Given:

Marked price of shirt = Rs. 500

Calculation:

Selling price of shirt after two discounts = (100 - 20)% of (100 - 12)% of 500

= 0.8 × 0.88 × 500 = Rs. 352

Total discount = Marked price - Selling price = 500 - 352 = Rs. 148

∴ The value of discount is Rs.148

We can write,

$\left( {8\sqrt {\frac{3}{7}} - 3\sqrt {\frac{7}{3}} } \right)$

$= ;\left( {8\sqrt {\frac{3}{7} \times \frac{7}{7}} - 3\sqrt {\frac{7}{3} \times \frac{3}{3}} } \right)$

$= \left( {8\sqrt {\frac{{21}}{{49}}} - 3\sqrt {\frac{{21}}{9}} } \right)$

$= \left( {\frac{8}{7}\sqrt {21} - \sqrt {21} } \right)$

$= ;\left( {\frac{1}{7}\sqrt {21} } \right)$

= 1/7 × 4.58

= 0.655

Concept used:

Total work = Efficiency × Time

Calculation:

Let S and T take ‘x’ and ‘y’ days respectively to do the work alone

S’s 1 day work = 1/x

T’s 1 day work = 1/y

Now, S does half as much work as T in 1/7 of the time taken by T

⇒ S’s 1 day work = 1/2 × T’s 7 days work

⇒ 1/x = 1/2 × 7/y

⇒ 1/y = 2/7x        ----(1)

Together they complete the work in 21 days,

⇒ S’s 1 day work + T’s 1 day work = 1/21

⇒ 1/x + 1/y = 1/21

Substituting from (1),

⇒ 1/x + 2/7x = 1/21

⇒ 9/7x = 1/21

⇒ x = 21 × 9/7 = 27

∴ S will take 27 days to do the work alone

Concept used:

Distance covered = Speed of walking × Time taken

Calculation:

Time taken to cover the distance by walking = 6 hrs. 15 min. = 6 + 15/60 = 6.25 hrs.

Distance covered = 4 × 6.25 = 25 km

Time taken to cover same distance by cycle = 5 hours

∴ Speed of cycle = Distance/Time = 25/5 = 5 km/hr.

The least number of tigers are in sanctuary F, i.e., 100 tigers

Total no. of tigers = 800 + 250 + 700 + 500 + 1000 + 100 + 250 = 3600

No. of tigers in sanctuary E = 1000

Total no. of tigers in all sanctuaries = 3600

∴ Measure of central angle representing sanctuary E = (1000/3600) × 360° = 100°

Total no. of tigers in all sanctuaries = 3600

∴ Total area of these sanctuaries = 90 × 3600 = 324000 sq. km = 324 (in 1000 sq. km)

Concept used:

Area of trapezium = 1/2 × sum of the lengths of parallel sides × disatnce between the parallel sides

Calculation:

Area of trapezium = 1/2 × (5 + 7) × 4 = 24 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 24 cm2

Concept used:

For a regular polygon with ‘n’ sides,

Measure of interior angle = (n - 2)/n × 180°

Calculation:

For n = 8 sides,

∴ Measure of interior angle = (8 - 2)/8 × 180° = 135°

Concept used:

For a right circular cone with radius ‘r’ and height ‘h’,

Volume of cone = 1/3 πr²h

Calculation:

Given, r = 7/2 = 3.5 cm, h = 7 cm

∴ Volume of cone = 1/3 × 22/7 × (3.5)² × 7 = 89.83 cm²

Concept used:

• sin 60° = √3/2

• cosec θ = 1/sin θ 

Calculation:

cosec 60° - 1/2

= 1/sin 60° - 1/2                                  [∵ sin 60° = √3/2]

= 2/√3 - 1/2

= (4 - √3)/2√3

∴ The correct answer is (4 - √3)/2√3

Concept used:

• cot θ = base/perpendicular 

Calculation:

In the given ∆DEF shown below,

cot D = adjacent/opposite = DE/EF = 5/12

Given, DE = 1 cm

∴ EF = 12/5 = 2.4 cm

• Developed by Abba P Lerner during World War II, the Functional Finance is a heterodox macroeconomic theory.
• This theory suggests that through government interventions in the economy, economic insecurities can be eliminated.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e Balance of Payment

Balance of Payment:

• It is defined as the statement which records all transactions made between residents of a country and the rest of the world during any given period.
• Transactions related to both goods and services are recorded.
  
• Component of BoP:
• Current account
• Capital account
• Financial account
  

Current account: 

• An account which records the export and import of merchandise and unilateral transfers done during the year by a nation.
• It reflects the Net Income of the country.
• It deals with the receipt and disbursements of cash and non-capital items.
  

Capital Account:

• An account which records the trading of foreign assets and liabilities during the year by a country.
• It reflects the net change in ownership in national assets.
• It deals with the sources and application of capital.
  

The balance of payment always balances since every transaction has to be settled to ensure total debits equal total credits

Balance of Trade: 

• Balance of Trade is a statement that captures the country's export and import of goods with the remaining world.
• Transactions are related to goods only.
• It is a component of Current Account of Balance of Payment

• Ukraine is a country located in Eastern Europe but it does not touch the Caspian Sea.
• Located between Europe and Asia, the Caspian sea is flanked by Kazakhstan to the northeast, Russia to the northwest, Iran to the south, Turkmenistan to the southeast, and Azerbaijan to the west.
• The Caspian Sea is an endorheic basin, that is, a basin without outflows.

Short Trick: RITKA 

R - Russia**, I -** Iran, T - Turkmenistan, K - Kazakhstan and A- Azerbaijan

• Located in the Amarkantak district of Madhya Pradesh, the Kapildhara Falls is situated on river Narmada.

• The waterfall is approximately 100 feet tall and located about 6 km north-west of the Narmadakund

• Sursatsai is not written by Surdas.

• Surdas was a Hindu poet who wrote devotional songs and poems.

• He is best known for his composition, the Sursagar which describes Krishna as a lovable child.

• His other notable works include Sur Saravali and Sahitya Lahari

• Under the command of Francois Curan, the French East India Company established the first French factory in India at Surat in 1668.

• The second factory was established by Marcara in 1669 at Masulipatnam

Phad (scroll paintings) is a folk painting style practiced in Rajasthan.It is traditionally done on a long piece of canvas or cloth called phad.

• The United States of Americarecognized Jerusalem as the new capital of Israel. This was announced by US President Donald Trump on December 6, 2017.

• He also ordered the relocation of the US Embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem

• On 25th January 2018, the Ministry of Labour and Employment announced the Prime Minister’s Shram Awards for the year 2016 to be awarded to 50 workers.

• These workers were employed in theDepartmental undertakings and PSU’s of the Central and State Governments and Private Sector units.

• The recipients include 3 women, 34 workers from Public Sector and 16 workers from Private Sectors

• Tea is the major foreign exchange earner crop for Sri Lanka garnering approximately 1.5 billion dollars through export.

• It is the fourth largest tea exporter in the world

• Among the noble gases mentioned in the options, Xe(Xenon) has the highest molar mass.

CONCEPT:

Electromagnetic spectrum:

• It is a collection of a range of different waves in sequential order from radio to gamma electromagnetic waves.
• Frequency (ν) = speed of light (c)/wavelength (λ)

Microwaves:

• They come in the range of 1mm to 1 meter and of the frequency range between 300 MHz to 300 GHz.
• Microwaves are generally used in Radars, Transmission towers, Microwave Ovens, etc.
• These waves are micro not in terms of wavelength but micro from radio waves with greater frequency.

Gamma rays: 

• Gamma rays have the littlest wavelengths and therefore the most energy of any wave within the spectrum.

$\text{v}=\frac{\text{c}}{\text{n}}$

Where v = speed of light in a medium, c = speed of light and n = refractive index in the medium.

Radio waves:

• The lowest frequency portion comes in radio waves generally, has wavelengths ranging between 1mm to 100km or frequencies between 300 GHz to 3 kHz.
• There are several subcategories in between these waves like AM and FM radio.

EXPLANATION:

Gamma waves have the shortest wavelength which is less than 1 nm.

• Order of electromagnetic waves according to wavelength (shortest to longest wavelength): Gamma, X-Rays, UV, Visible, Infrared, Microwaves, Radio Waves.

Additional Information

The correct answer is option 3 i.e., Concurrent List.

• The Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India is about the subject of the distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the States that are defined under several articles.
• Articles 245 and 246 of the Indian Constitution have been defined in the Seventh Schedule of Indian Constitution.
• The Seventh Schedule of the Indian constitution consists of three lists i.e. Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.

1. Union List: 100 items on which Parliament has exclusive power to make laws
2. State List: It has 61 subjects. Earlier, it had 66 items.
3. Concurrent List: 52 items on which both Central and State governments can make laws. The idea of the Concurrent List in the Indian constitution is adopted from the Australian Constitution.

The correct answer is three years.

Key Points

• According to article 356 of the Indian Constitution, if a State is unable to follow the constitutional machinery then President’s rule is imposed on the state, that is, the State Government will temporarily dissolve.
• A proclamation imposing President’s Rule must be approved by both the Houses of Parliament within two months from the date of its issue.
• The approval takes place through a simple majority in either House, that is, a majority of the members of the House present and voting.
• Once imposed, the President’s rule continues for 6 months but can be extended to 3 years with approval from both the Houses of Parliament every six months.

The correct answer is Cotyledon

Cotyledon:

• In Angiosperms, plant embryos in the seed have structures called cotyledons also known as seed leaves.
• Flowering plants whose embryos have a single cotyledon are called monocots, or monocotyledonous plants.
• Flowering plants whose embryos have two cotyledons are called dicots, or dicotyledonous plants

Explanation:

• The “Swachh Bharat Mission ” is a campaign by the Government which aims to achieve open defecation free(ODF) India by 2nd October 2019, the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi.
• It was launched on 2nd October 2014.
• It involves cleaning of streets, roads, and construction of 90 million toilets in rural India at a projected cost of ₹1.96 lakh crore

• On 22 November 2017, the Indian Air Force successfully test-fired an air-launched BrahMos, world’s fastest supersonic cruise missile, from a Sukhoi Su-30 MKI fighter aircraft.

• The BrahMos ALCM weighs 2.5 tonnes and is the heaviest weapon to be deployed on the Su-30 fighter aircraft which was modified by Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd to carry weapons. 

• The missile was being tested in the Bay of Bengal against a sea-based target

• The PFMS (Public Financial Management System) is a solution for ministries and other departments to monitor the utilization of funds provided to various agencies and state governments.

• Initially, this was started in 2008-2009 as a Plan scheme named CPSMS in four states of Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab, and Mizoram for four Flagship schemes.

• This scheme was a part of the 12th Plan initiative of Planning Commission and Ministry of Finance

• On 30 January 2018, President Ram Nath Kovind (14thPresident of India) called for simultaneous elections to Lok Sabha and state assemblies. 

• He made this statement on the commencement of the Budget Session arguing that frequent elections hinder development

Concept:

Pressure: It is the component of the force normal to the area under consideration.

• Its dimensions are [ML–1T–2]
• The pressure is a scalar quantity since force is a vector quantity
• The SI unit of pressure is Nm–2. It has been named  pascal (Pa)

FORMULA:

We know,

Pressure (P) = Force(F)/Area(A)

Calculation:

We have,

Force(F) = 1000 N

Area(A) = 5 m²

Therefore,

P = 1000/5 = 200 N/m² = 200 Pa

Hence, the pressure is 200 Pa.

The correct answer is 3.6.

CALCULATION:

Kilowatt-hours (kWh) and joules (J) are units of energy.

1 kW = 1000 W

1 watt(W) = 1 J/sec

Therefore, 1 kW = 1000 J/sec

 And, 1 hour = 3600 sec

So, 1 kWh = (1000 J/sc) × 3600 sec

= 3.6 × 106 J.

• The total mass of water both underground and on the surface of the Earth constitute the hydrosphere.

• It includes rivers, lakes, seas and oceans which cover about 71% of the surface area of Earth

• Max Verstappen retired in the first lap of the Formula One 2017 Singapore Grand Prix following a collision. The winner was Lewis Hamilton.

• Mohamed Salah played as a forward for Liverpool in the Premier League, 2017.

• Serena Williams defeated Venus Williams to win the Australian Open Women’s Singles. Jelena Ostapenko won the 2017 French Open Women’s Singles.

• Since, only statement B is right, 2) is the correct answer

• HyperText Markup Language(HTML) is a text file as it only contains text and has no images or special formattings.

• It is a file format which forms the basis of any web page