SSC CGL 2021 Tier-I (Held On : 13 April 2022 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

Preparing the family tree using the following symbol:

Family Tree :-

∴ Here, Woman is sister-in-law of Reena.

Hence, the correct answer is "Sister-in-law".

The image embedded in given figure is as shown below :

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4"

The logic followed here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "T".

The mirror image of the given figure is as shown below :

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is :-

Row-wise Operation: (First number + Third number) × (First number - Third number) = Second number

Row 1 :- 

⇒ (15 + 12) × (15 - 12)

⇒ 27 × 3

⇒ 81

Row 2 :-

⇒ (18 + 15) × (18 - 15)

⇒ 33 × 3

⇒ 99

Row 3 :-

Consider, ? = x

⇒ 120 = (17 + x) × (17 - x)

⇒ 120 = 17² - x²

⇒ x² = 289 - 120

⇒ x² = 169

⇒ x = 13

Hence, the correct answer is "13".

The figure pattern followed to replace ? is as shown below :

• Alphabets are added +3 from figure to figure so, In fourth figure the alphabet should be "J". → Option 2 and 4 are eliminated.
• The heart symbol with a line is rotated 45⁰ clockwise direction → Option 1 eliminated.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The logic followed here is :-

1. Convert each letters  to its corresponding alphabetical position.

2.  Add 1 to each numerical value and convert the resulting numbers back to letters.

3. Arrange the letters obtained in the previous step in decreasing order of their numerical values.

IVORY : ZWSPJ

Similarly,

CREAM : ?

Hence, the correct answer is "SNFDB".

The logic followed here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "48".

The logic followed here is :-

Logic: Division and subtraction operation is used alternatively in the solution by increasing the numeric value by 1.

Hence, the correct answer is "20".

After unfolding the given paper the figure formed is as shown below :

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is:

The opposite surface of the open dice can be found by the below method:-

• Alternate surfaces are opposite to each other.
• No two opposite surfaces are touched by side or by corners

So, by using the above rule we can find the opposite surface of open dice.

Option 1) :

 → Here Roman numbers shown in both cubes are adjacent to each other so, this dice can be obtained.

Option 2) :

 → Here Roman numbers VI, III should be adjacent to each other from given cubes so, this dice cannot be obtained.

Option 3) :

 → Here Roman numbers I, V should be adjacent to each other from given cubes so, this dice cannot be obtained.

Option 4) :

 → Here Roman numbers I, V should be adjacent to each other from given cubes so, this dice cannot be obtained.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The logic followed here is :-

Five friends, H, I, J, K and L, are top rank holders of a school.

1) The rank of H is just above the rank of K and just below the rank of L.

L > H > K

2) I is at the top rank and J is not at the lowest rank.

I > J > L > H > K.

∴ Here, from the given 'K' is the lowest rank holder of a school.

Hence, the correct answer is "K".

The arrangement of the given words in the order in which they appear in an English dictionary is as shown below :

4. Magical
5. Magnet
6. Magnetic
7. Magnify
8. Majesty

Hence, the correct answer is "4, 3, 1, 2, 5".

The logic followed here is :-

Consonants are added +1 in alphabet order.

Vowels are added +1 in vowel alphabet order and the next vowel is obtained.

• 
• This means A → +1 → E +1 → I +1 → O +1 → U

‘FOREST’ is written as ‘GUSITU’.

and

‘MANGROVE’ is written as ‘NEOHSUWI’.

Similarly,

‘REINCARNATE’ will be written as :

Hence, the correct answer is "SIOODESOEUI".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as shown below :

Conclusions:

I. No farmer is a tax-payer → False (As All employees are tax-payers and Some employees are farmers so, No farmer is a tax-payer is false)

II. Some farmers are tax-payers → True (As All employees are tax-payers and Some employees are farmers so, Some farmers are tax-payers is true)

∴ Here, Only conclusion II is true.

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion II follows".

In first and second dice 5, 6 are common in both dices.

First dice is rotated 90⁰ anti-clockwise horizontally on the other adjacent side of 5, 6 is '1'.

∴ Here, the opposite face of side '3' is side '1'.

Hence, the correct answer is "1".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given information is as shown below :

The total number of students in a class = 95 students.

⇒ Number of students play snooker = 42

⇒ Number of students play tennis = 49

⇒ Number of students play chess = 43

⇒ Number of students who play all three games = 5

GIven:

• The total number of students who play any and only two games = 29.

⇒ Number of students play only snooker and tennis = 11

⇒ Number of students play only snooker and chess = 6

∴ Number of students play only tennis and chess = Total number of students who play any and only two games - (Number of students play only snooker and tennis + Number of students play only snooker and chess)

⇒ Number of students play only tennis and chess = 29 - (11 + 6)

⇒ Number of students play only tennis and chess = 29 - 17

→ Number of students play only tennis and chess = 12

⇒ Number of students who play only snooker = Number of students play snooker - (Number of students who play all three games + Number of students play only snooker and tennis + Number of students play only snooker and chess)

⇒ Number of students who play only snooker = 42 - (5 + 11 + 6)

⇒ Number of students who play only snooker = 42 - 22

⇒ Number of students who play only snooker = 20

⇒ The number of students who play only snooker and only chess is equal = 20

⇒ Number of students who play only tennis = Number of students play tennis - (Number of students who play all three games + Number of students play only tennis and chess + Number of students play only snooker and tennis)

⇒ Number of students who play only tennis = 49 - (5 + 12 + 11)

⇒ Number of students who play only tennis = 49 - 28

⇒ Number of students who play only tennis = 21

Hence, the correct answer is "21".

Alternate Method

The best approach could be to go by forming the diagram in parallel to reading this question,

Total students = 95

Students playing snooker = 42

Students playing chess = 43

Students playing tennis  = 49

Total number of students who play any and only two games = 29

Students playing all the 3 games = 5

Students play only snooker and tennis = 11

Students play only snooker and chess = 6

Number of students who play only snooker and only chess is equal.

On forming diagram,

Since, number of students who play any and only two games = 29 

∴ 11 + 6 + x = 29

⇒ x = 12 (Number of students playing only tennis and chess)

Now, Number of students who play only tennis = 49 - (11 + 5 + 12)

⇒ 49 - 28

⇒ 21

The logic followed here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "SSJL".

The logic followed here is :-

By using BODMAS RULE :

Option 1) : − and ×

Given equation : 72 × 18 ÷ 9 + 19 − 39 = 16

After interchanging the symbols in given equation the equation is as follows : 72 - 18 ÷ 9 + 19 × 39 = 16

⇒ 72 - 18 ÷ 9 + 19 × 39 = 16

⇒ 72 - 2 + 19 × 39 = 16

⇒ 72 - 2 + 741 = 16

⇒ 813 - 2 = 16

⇒ 811 ≠ 16

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) : + and ×

Given equation : 72 × 18 ÷ 9 + 19 − 39 = 16

After interchanging the symbols in given equation the equation is as follows : 72 + 18 ÷ 9 × 19 - 39 = 16

⇒ 72 + 18 ÷ 9 × 19 - 39 = 16

⇒ 72 + 2 × 19 - 39 = 16

⇒ 72 + 38 - 39 = 16

⇒ 110 - 39 = 16

⇒ 71 ≠ 16

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) : − and +

Given equation : 72 × 18 ÷ 9 + 19 − 39 = 16

After interchanging the symbols in given equation the equation is as follows : 72 × 18 ÷ 9 - 19 + 39 = 16

⇒ 72 × 18 ÷ 9 - 19 + 39 = 16

⇒ 72 × 2 - 19 + 39 = 16

⇒ 144 - 19 + 39 = 16

⇒ 183 - 19 = 16

⇒ 164 ≠ 16

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4) : ÷ and ×

Given equation : 72 × 18 ÷ 9 + 19 − 39 = 16

After interchanging the symbols in given equation the equation is as follows : 72 ÷ 18 × 9 + 19 - 39 = 16

⇒ 72 ÷ 18 × 9 + 19 - 39 = 16

⇒ 4 × 9 + 19 - 39 = 16

⇒ 36 + 19 - 39 = 16

⇒ 55 - 39 = 16

⇒ 16 = 16

LHS = RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "÷ and ×".

The logic followed here is :-

(First number - 3)² = Second number

27 : 576 → (27 - 3)² = 24² = 576

Similarly,

19 : ? → (19 - 3)² = 16² = 256

Hence, the correct answer is "256".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given relation is as shown below :

• Some Boys are Athletes.
• Some Students are Athletes.
• Some Students are Boys.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed here is :-

∴ Here, 'this is fictional' is coded as 'duz cuz guz'.

Hence, the correct answer is "duz cuz guz".

The logic followed here is :-

1) BUMD

2) WPHY

 

3) GZSH

4) MFXO

∴ Here, 'GZSH' is different from other three alternatives.

Hence, the correct answer is "GZSH".

The logic followed here is :-

'POTATO' is coded as 32-30-40-2-40-30.

and

'TURNIP' is coded as 40-42-36-28-18-32.

Similarly,

'RADISH' will be coded as :

Hence, the correct answer is "36-2-8-18-38-16".

The logic followed here is :-

By using BODMAS RULE :

Option 1) : ÷ and +

Given equation is : 28 + 14 × 7 ÷ 5 – 18 = 20

After interchanging the symbols in given equation the equation is as follows : 28 ÷ 14 × 7 + 5 - 18 = 20

⇒ 28 ÷ 14 × 7 + 5 - 18 = 20

⇒ 2 × 7 + 5 - 18 = 20

⇒ 14 + 5 - 18 = 20

⇒ 19 - 18 = 20

⇒ 1 ≠ 20

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2) : ÷ and –

Given equation is : 28 + 14 × 7 ÷ 5 – 18 = 20

After interchanging the symbols in given equation the equation is as follows : 28 + 14 × 7 - 5 ÷ 18 = 20

⇒ 28 + 14 × 7 - 5 ÷ 18 = 20

⇒ 28 + 14 × 7 - 0.277 = 20

⇒ 28 + 98 - 0.277 = 20

⇒ 126 - 0.277 = 20

⇒ 125.722 ≠ 20

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3) : ÷ and ×

Given equation is : 28 + 14 × 7 ÷ 5 – 18 = 20

After interchanging the symbols in given equation the equation is as follows : 28 + 14 ÷ 7 × 5 - 18 = 20

⇒ 28 + 14 ÷ 7 × 5 - 18 = 20

⇒ 28 + 2 × 5 - 18 = 20

⇒ 28 + 10 - 18 = 20

⇒ 38 - 18 = 20

⇒ 20 = 20

LHS = RHS

Option 4) : + and ×

Given equation is : 28 + 14 × 7 ÷ 5 – 18 = 20

After interchanging the symbols in given equation the equation is as follows : 28 × 14 + 7 ÷ 5 - 18 = 20

⇒ 28 × 14 + 7 ÷ 5 - 18 = 20

⇒ 28 × 14 + 1.4 - 18 = 20

⇒ 392 + 1.4 - 18 = 20

⇒ 393.4 - 18 = 20

⇒ 375.4 ≠ 20

LHS ≠ RHS

Hence, the correct answer is "÷ and ×".

The correct answer is hydrogen.

Key Points

• The acidic nature of the soil is shown by the high concentration of hydrogen.
• Soil pH shows the potentiality of H+ ions.
• It determines the acidic or alkaline reaction of the soil.
• More hydrogen ion (H+) concentration shows the acidic nature of the soil.
• The concentration of more hydroxyl (OH-) ions represents its alkaline nature.
• Maximum nutrients are available to crops when the pH ranges from 6.5 to 7.

Additional Information

• Soil is a mixture of microorganisms, organic matter, and minerals.
• Each layer differs in feel (texture), colour, depth, and chemical composition.
• These layers are referred to as horizons.
• The uppermost layer of soil is generally dark in colour as it is rich in humus and minerals.
• The mixture of rock particles and humus is called the soil.

The correct answer is Indian.

Important Points

• Madagascar is an island country in the Indian Ocean.
• Madagascar is the largest African island situated in the Indian Ocean, about 450 km (280 mi) east of the coast of Mozambique.
• The fourth-largest island in the world has been isolated for about 88 million years and many of its plants and animals are unique to the island.
• Madagascar consists of three parallel longitudinal zones, the central plateau, the coastal strip in the east, and the zone of low plateaus and plains in the west.

Additional Information

• Greenland located near North America is the largest island in the world.
• The Great Nicobar Island is the largest island in India. It is the southernmost point of India.
• A group of islands is termed as archipelago.

The correct answer is Narendra Modi.

Key Points

• PM Narendra Modi was conferred the "Global Goalkeeper" award by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan launched by his government.
• Over 11 crore toilets were built in the country in the last five years, which is a record.
• The cleanliness campaign was launched by the Modi government during its first term on October 2, 2014.

Additional Information

• The 2021 Global Goalkeeper Award:
• The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation announced Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka, former United Nations under-secretary-general and executive director of UN Women, as the winner of the 2021 Global Goalkeeper Award.
• She is a South African politician. She was the deputy president of South Africa between 2005 - 2008.
• She has been honored for fighting for gender equality and her continued advocacy to address the Covid-19 pandemic’s disproportionate impact on women and girls.

The correct answer is Rashtrakuta.

Key Points

• Dantidurga, who set up his capital at Malkhed was a Rashtrakuta ruler.
• Dantidurga was the founder of the Rashtrakuta dynasty.
• The greatest king of Rashtrakuta was Amoghavarsha I who set up a new capital at Manyakheta (now Malkhed in Karnataka state).
• He was converted into Jainism by Jinasena, a Jain monk.

Additional Information

• The Pala Dynasty was the ruling Dynasty in Bihar and Bengal India, from the 8^th to the 12^th century. 
• They were called the Palas because all their names ended in Pala, 'protector'.
• The founder of the dynasty was Gopala.
• The founder of the Satavahana dynasty was Simuka.
• The Satavahanas established their independent rule after the decline of the Mauryas.
• Satavahanas ruled over parts of western and central India.
• They were also known as the Andhras.
• Pratihara dynasty was founded by King Harichandra at Mandore, a city near Jodhpur in 640 AD. 
• King Nagbhatta I, who was fourth in line from Harishchandra, captured an area Bhinmal, which used to be the capital of Gurjara.
• He earned the title of Gurjeshwar.

The correct answer is Azim Premji.

Important Points

• Software exporter Wipro's Azim Premji donated ₹9,713 crores or ₹27 crores a day to retain his top rank in EdelGive Hurun India Philanthropy List 2020.
• Mukesh Ambani of Reliance Industries, India's richest man by a distance, came third on the list with a ₹577 crore contribution.
• Amitabh Bachchan is the top new entrant on EdelGive Hurun India Philanthropy List 2021 by donating ₹15 crores.

The correct answer is 11%.

Key Points

• India's real GDP is projected to record a growth of 11.0 percent in 2021-22 and nominal GDP by 15.4 percent.
• Economic Survey 2020-21, which was dedicated to the COVID Warriors.
• India adopted a four-pillar strategy of containment, fiscal, financial, and long-term structural reforms.
• The foundational theme of the Economic Survey is Saving Lives and Livelihoods.
• It is the annual financial document released by the Ministry of Finance.
• It contains the most authentic source of data on India's Economy.
• It was prepared by the Department of Economic Affairs under the supervision of the Chief Economic Advisor.

The correct answer is Tappa.

Key Points

• Tappa is a form of Indian semi-classical vocal music that was derived from the folk music of Punjab and Sindh.
• Tappa is the oldest and most admired form of Pashto folk literature which originated from the folk songs of the camel riders in Punjab.
• It is one of the most difficult classical forms in Punjab.
• It was believed to be a song of the cameleers of Punjab and Rajasthan.

Additional Information

• Bhajan refers to any devotional song with a religious theme or spiritual ideas, specifically among Indian religions, in any of the languages from the Indian subcontinent.
• Qawwalis are the compositions and devotional music of Sufi saints who belong to the tradition of Islamic mysticism.
• Ghazal is a well-known poetic genre of Arabic literature.

The correct answer is Manish Narwal.

Key Points

• Manish Narwal won P4 gold at the Al Ain 2021 Para Shooting World Cup in March 2021.
• He was awarded the Major Dhyanchand Khel Ratna Award 2021.
• He is an Indian Para Pistol Shooter.
• He ranks fourth in the world in Men's 10m Air Pistol SH1 according to the World Shooting Para Sports Rankings.
• Manish is also supported by GoSports Foundation through the Para Champions Programme.
• Recently Manish Narwal clinched a gold medal in the men’s 50m pistol SH1 event at the Tokyo Paralympics 2021.

The correct answer is Van Allen.

Important Points

• The Van Allen radiation belt is a layer of charged and energetic particles which is held by the earth's magnetic field around it.
• The inner belt extends from 1,000 km to 6,000 km above the earth's surface.
• While the outer belt extends from 15,000 km to 25,000 km above the surface.
• The outer belt of the radiation belt is formed by the energetic and charged electrons.
• While the inner belt is formed as a result of cosmic ray collisions in the upper atmosphere.

​

Additional Information

• The Kuiper belt is a disc-shaped region of hundreds of icy objects beyond the orbit of Neptune.
• Chinook is a local wind that blows on the leeward (slope of the mountain not experiencing rainfall) side of the Rocky Mountains which is the Eastern slope.
• An Aurora is a display of light in the sky predominantly seen in the high latitude regions (Arctic and Antarctic). It is also known as a Polar light.
• There are two types- the aurora borealis and aurora australis – often called the northern lights and southern lights.

The correct answer is Thar Desert.

Important Points

• The difference between the day and night temperature is likely to be the highest in the Thar desert.
• In the Thar Desert, the day temperature may rise to 50°C, and drop down to near 15°C the same night.
• On the other hand, there is hardly any difference in day and night temperatures in the Andaman and Nicobar islands or in Kerala.
• The Great Indian Desert, well-known as the Thar Desert, is a large and arid region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent.
• It is the world’s 17^th-largest desert and the world’s 9^th-largest hot subtropical desert.
• The Great Indian Desert lies between the Aravalli Hills in the northeast and stretches to Punjab and Haryana to the north, to the Rann of Kutch along the western coast, and the alluvial plains of the Indus River in the northwest.

Additional Information

• The main reason for the stark temperature change is that desert air is extremely dry. In arid deserts like the Sahara and the Atacama Desert in Chile, the humidity — the amount of water vapor in the air — is practically zero, and unlike sand, water has a huge capacity to store heat.
• Water vapor in the air traps heat close to the ground like a giant invisible blanket  and stops it from dissipating into the atmosphere, according to World Atlas.
• Air with high humidity also requires more energy to heat up, meaning it also takes more time for that energy to dissipate and for the surroundings to cool down.
• Therefore, the lack of humidity in deserts allows these arid places to quickly heat up but also rapidly cool.

The correct answer is Lee Zii Jia.

Key Points

• Malaysia's Lee Zii Jia has won the All England Badminton Championships men's title.
• He defeated Axelsen 30-29, 20-22, 21-9 in the summit clash.
• Japan's Nozomi Okuhara won the women's title as she defeated Pornpawee Chochuwong 21-12, 21-16 in the finals.

Additional Information

• Viktor Axelsen is a Danish badminton player.
• He is the 2017 World champion and the 2020 Olympic champion.
• Kento Momota is a Japanese badminton player.
• Lee Chong Wei is a triple silver medalist at the Olympic Games, and the sixth Malaysian to win an Olympic medal.

The correct answer is The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act.

Key Points

• The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, to protect women from domestic violence, was passed in 2005 while it was implemented in 2006.
• A woman who is a victim of domestic violence will have the right to the services of the police, shelter homes, and medical establishments.
• She also has the right to simultaneously file her own complaint under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code.

Additional Information

• India enacted the Biological Diversity Act in 2002 for giving effect to the provisions of the CBD.
• The objective of this act is to regulate the access to genetic resources and the protection of biodiversity.
• Prevention of Money Laundering Act was passed by both the Houses of Parliament and received the assent of the President on 17^th January 2003.
• It came into force on 1^st July 2005.
• The Competition Act was enacted in the year 2002.​

The correct answer is State of Jharkhand.

Key Points

• In the state of Jharkhand, the ‘slash and burn’ agriculture is known as ‘Kuruwa’.
• It is prevalent in the tropical region in different names:
• Jhuming in Northeastern states of India,
• Milpa in Central America and Mexico,
• Roca in Brazil,
• Ladang in Indonesia and Malaysia.

Additional Information

• In primitive subsistence agriculture or shifting, cultivation vegetation is usually cleared by fire, and the ashes add to the fertility of the soil.
• This is also called slash and burn agriculture.
• The cultivated patches are very small and cultivation is done with very primitive tools such as sticks and hoes.
• After some time (3 to 5 years) the soil loses its fertility and the farmer shifts to other parts and clears another patch of the forest for cultivation.
• The farmer may return to the earlier patch after some time.

The correct answer is Seventh Amendment.

Key Points

• The seventh amendment to the Constitution of India was passed with the primary objective to constitutionally encode the re-organization of Indian States based on language.
• The 7^th Amendment of the Indian Constitution was needed to implement the recommendations of the States Reorganisation Commission regarding the reorganization of the states on a linguistic basis.
• It paved way for doing away with the classification of states in A, B, C, and D categories and introduced Union Territories.

Additional Information

• The Tenth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Tenth Amendment) Act, 1961, incorporated Dadra and Nagar Haveli as the seventh Union territory of India, by amending the First Schedule to the Constitution.

The correct answer is 6.8.

• As per Union Budget 2021-22, the Fiscal deficit is estimated at 6.8 percent of GDP in 2021- 22.
• The fiscal deficit is targeted at 6.8% of GDP in 2021-22, down from the revised estimate of 9.5% in 2020-21 (4.6% in 2019-20).
• The government aims to steadily reduce the fiscal deficit to 4.5% of GDP by 2025-26.
• The difference between total revenue and total expenditure of the government is termed a fiscal deficit. It is an indication of the total borrowings needed by the government. While calculating the total revenue, borrowings are not included.

Additional Information

• The Fiscal Deficit in 2022-23 is estimated at 6.4 percent of GDP.
• The Fiscal Deficit of the Government for 2022-23 is estimated to be Rs. 16, 61,196 crores.
• The Revised Estimates for 2021-22 indicate a Fiscal Deficit of Rs. 15, 91,089 crores as against the Budget Estimates of Rs. 15, 06,812 crores.

Important Points

• Key Highlights of Union Budget 2024-25
• Offers one-month wage (up to ₹15,000) to new formal sector entrants.
• Reimburses employers' EPFO contributions (up to ₹3,000/month) for two years.
• Allocates ₹10 lakh crore for affordable housing under 'Housing for All'.
• Includes a rental housing scheme for the working class.
• More than ₹11 lakh crore earmarked for long-term infrastructure projects.
• Initiatives for renewable energy, including rooftop solar schemes.
• Adjustments to tax slabs and long-term capital gains (LTCG).
• LTCG tax on immovable properties reduced from 20% to 12.5%.
• TDS on e-commerce transactions decreased from 1% to 0.1%.
• Changes to customs duty on gold, silver, platinum, telecom equipment, and more.
• Targets fiscal deficit at 4.9% for the year.

The correct answer is Aerobic.

Key Points

• Aerobic refers to an environment in which oxygen is readily available.
• Aerobic respiration is the process of cellular respiration to produce energy from food in the presence of oxygen.
• This respiration is common in most plants and animals, humans, other mammals, and birds.

Additional Information

• Anaerobic respiration is a process without the use of oxygen.
• Anthropogenic activities are also known as man-made activities. It involves processes that are intentional and harmful.
• Acidification describes the process by which the addition of nitrogen (N) decreases soil pH, which can have a variety of direct and indirect effects on plant growth.

The correct answer is Wheat.

• The Minimum Support Price (MSP) for Wheat crops was increased by ₹50 per quintal over the previous year, in the marketing season 2021-22.
• The highest absolute increase in MSP over the previous year has been recommended for sesamum (Rs. 452 per quintal) followed by tur and urad (Rs. 300 per quintal each).
• In case of groundnut and nigerseed, there has been an increase of Rs 275 per quintal and Rs 235 per quintal respectively in comparison to last year.

Additional Information

• ​MSP is a “minimum price” for any crop that the government considers as remunerative for farmers and hence deserving of “support”.
• It is also the price that government agencies pay whenever they procure a particular crop.
• MSP for 2022-23
• The highest absolute increase in MSP over the previous year has been recommended for Lentil (Masur) and Rapeseed & Mustard (Rs.400 per quintal each) followed by gram (Rs.130 per quintal).
• In the case of safflower, there has been an increase of Rs.114 per quintal, in comparison to last year.

The correct answer is ​Jal Jeevan Mission.

Key Points

• Jal Jeevan Mission is envisioned to provide safe and adequate drinking water through individual household tap connections by 2024 to all households in rural India.
• The programme will also implement source sustainability measures as mandatory elements, such as recharge and reuse through grey water management, water conservation, rain water harvesting.
• The Jal Jeevan Mission will be based on a community approach to water and will include extensive information, education, and communication as a key component of the mission.
• It is a flagship programme of the Government of India, launched by Hon'ble Prime Minister on 15^th August 2019.
• It will be implemented over 5 years, with an outlay of Rs 2,87,000 crore.
• The government has set aside 50,000 crore rupees for drinking water and ten thousand crore rupees for sanitation.
• The budget allocation for Jal Jeevan Mission increased by 450% for 2021.

The correct answer is KS Krishnan.

Important Points

• The first Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Physical Sciences was awarded in 1958 to Indian physicist Kariamanickam Srinivasa Krishnan for his work on Raman scattering which he co-discovered along with his mentor C.V. Raman.
• He was also awarded the Padma Bhushan by the Government of India in 1954.

Additional Information

• Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology is an annual science award that is given to scientists for exceptional research and achievements in the field of chemistry, environmental sciences, biology, physics, mathematics, engineering, and medicine.
• It is presented by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
• The award is named after Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar, the founder Director of CSIR.

The correct answer is Amish Tripathi.

Important Points

• Author Amish Tripathi has been named the director of London's Nehru Centre, which is under the Indian Council for Cultural Relations.
• Author of best-selling books like the Secret of the Nagas and Sita - Warrior of Mithila, Tripathi will take over from diplomat Srinivas Gotru.
• Tripathi was appointed after he applied for the post followed by an interview with a selection panel, ICCR president Vinay Sahasrabudhe.
• The Nehru Centre was founded in 1992 with Gopalkrishna Gandhi as its founder director.

The correct answer is 73^rd.

Key Points

• The 73^rd Amendment of the Constitution of India envisages the Gram Sabha as the foundation of the Panchayat Raj System to perform functions and powers entrusted to it by the State Legislatures.
• The Constitution (73^rd Amendment) Act, 1992 has added a new part IX consisting of 16 Articles and the Eleventh Schedule to the Constitution.
• The 73^rd Amendment envisages the Gram Sabha as the foundation of the Panchayat Raj System to perform functions and powers entrusted to it by the State Legislatures.

Additional Information

• The amendment provides for a three-tier Panchayat Raj System at the village, intermediate, and district levels.
• Articles 243A provides that the Gram Sabha may exercise such power and perform such functions at the village level as the Legislature of a State may by law provide.
• The eleventh schedule of the constitution created by the 73^rd Amendment contains 29 subjects on which the Panchayats shall have administrative control, Articles 243H empowers State Legislature to make provisions for imposing taxes, etc. by the panchayat.
• Thus, we can conclude that the 73^rd Amendment of the Constitution of India, is related to Panchayats.

The correct answer is Partition of Bengal.

Key Points

• Simon Commission came to India in 1928.
• It came to India to review the Government of India Act, 1919.
• It was called the White Commission as it did not include any Indian Delegates.
• It was boycotted by INC and other parties.
• Gandhiji launched Satyagraha at Kheda in Gujarat in 1918 in support of the peasants who were not able to pay the land tax due to the failure of crops.
• He also led Dandi March also known as Salt Satyagraha from 12^th March 1930 to 6^th April 1930 starting from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi on the Gujarat Coast.
• In Dandi, salt was made by the Indians from the sea by boiling the seawater.
• There were 78 people who walked 240 miles (340 Km) which took 24 days. On 6^th April 1930 at 6:30 am Gandhiji picked up salt from the sea without paying taxes and began the civil obedience movement.
• The partition of Bengal in 1905 was introduced by Lord Curzon.
• He issued the order of partition of Bengal in July 1905 and the partition took effect from October 1905.
• Hence, Partition of Bengal was the event that occurred first during the Indian national movement.

The correct answer is Beas and Sutlej.

Key Points

• In the Rigveda, there is a hymn in the form of a dialogue between Sage Vishvamitra and two rivers Beas and Sutlej were worshipped as goddesses.
• Some of the hymns in the Rigveda are in the form of dialogues.
• This is part of one such hymn, a dialogue between a sage named Vishvamitra, and two rivers, Beas and Sutlej that were worshipped as goddesses.

Additional Information

• The Rigveda is in old or Vedic Sanskrit.
• The Rigveda was recited and heard rather than read. It was written down several centuries after it was first composed and printed less than 200 years ago.
• The oldest Veda is the Rigveda, composed about 3500 years ago.
• The Rigveda includes more than a thousand hymns, called sukta or “well-said”.
• These hymns are in praise of various gods and goddesses.

The correct answer is lotus.

Key Points

• The rooftop of Guru Hemkund Sahib is in the shape of an upturned lotus.
• Hemkund Sahib, formally known as Gurudwara Shri Hemkund Sahib Ji.
• It is a Sikh place of worship and pilgrimage site in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India.
• It is devoted to Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru.

Additional Information

• Important points to remember about the 10 Sikh Gurus are:

The correct answer is weak nuclear.

Key Points

• The weak nuclear force appears only in certain nuclear processes such as the β -decay of a nucleus.
• The range of this force is of the order of 10−16 m.
• The weak nuclear force is weaker than the strong nuclear force but stronger than the gravitational force.

Additional Information

• Strong Nuclear Force 
• The strong nuclear force binds protons and neutrons in a nucleus.
• The strong nuclear force acts when the distance between nucleons is less than 10 -15 m or 1 fermimeter.
• In that case, it is even stronger than electrostatic force.
• Electromagnetic Force
• The electromagnetic force acts over large distances and does not need any intervening medium.
• The electrostatic force acts between two charged particles.
• It is given as
• F=kq1q2r2F=kq1q2r2F=kq1q2r2F=kq1q2r2
• Gravitational Force
• It is the force between two objects by virtue of their mass.
• The planetary motions are based on gravitational force.
• The Law of Gravitation was given by Sir Issac Newton. The force between two objects of mass m1 and m2 separated by distance r is given as
• $F =\frac{Gm_1m_2}{r^2}$
• G is a universal Gravitational Constant having the value 6.67 × 10 -11 N m2 Kg -2

Shortcut Trick

Number 7x79251y8 is divisible by 36, so it must be divisible by 4 and 9.

For divisibility by 4, y8 must be divisible by 4. Largest possible y is 8 (since 88 is divisible by 4).

For divisibility by 9, sum of digits 7+x+7+9+2+5+1+8+8 = 47+x must be divisible by 9 ⇒ x = 7.

Value = 10(7)² − 3(8)² = 490 − 192 = 298.

∴ The correct answer is 298.

Alternate Method

Given: 9-digit number 7x79251y8 is divisible by 36.

Condition for Divisibility: A number is divisible by 36 if it is divisible by both 4 and 9.

⇒ Divisibility by 4: The last two digits y8 must be divisible by 4. Possible values for y are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.

⇒ Multiples of 4 ending in 8: 08, 28, 48, 68, 88. Largest value of y = 8.

⇒ Divisibility by 9: Sum of digits = 7 + x + 7 + 9 + 2 + 5 + 1 + 8 + 8 = 47 + x.

⇒ For (47 + x) to be divisible by 9, the nearest multiple of 9 is 54.

⇒ 47 + x = 54 ⇒ x = 7.

⇒ Required Value: 10x² − 3y²

⇒ 10(7)² − 3(8)² = 10(49) − 3(64)

⇒ 490 − 192 = 298.

∴ The correct answer is 298.

Additional Information

Divisibility Rule of 9

A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9.

Divisibility Rule of 4

A number is divisible by 4 if the last two digits of the number are divisible by 4.

Composite Divisibility

For a number to be divisible by 36, it must be divisible by its co-prime factors 4 and 9.

Given:

5 sin θ - 4 cos θ = 0, 0° < θ < 90°

Calculation:

5 sin θ - 4 cos θ = 0

⇒ sin θ/cos θ = 4/5

Let, sin θ = 4x; cos θ = 5x

So, (5 sin θ + 2 cos θ)/(5 sin θ + 3 cos θ)

= [(5 × 4x) + (2 × 5x)]/[(5 × 4x) + (3 × 5x)]

= (20x + 10x)/(20x + 15x)

= 30x/35x

= 6/7

∴ The value of (5 sin θ + 2 cos θ)/(5 sin θ + 3 cos θ) is 6/7

Given:

The diameter of the cylindrical vessel = 32 cm

The radius of the solid metallic sphere = 12 cm

Formula used:

The volume of a cylinder = π × (Radius)² × (Height)

The volume of a sphere = (4/3) × π × (Radius)³

Calculation:

The radius of the cylindrical vessel = 32/2 = 16 cm

Let, the height of water increase = x cm

So, π × (16)2 × x = (4/3) × π × (12)3

⇒ 256x = 2304

⇒ x = 2304/256

⇒ x = 9

∴ The level of water in the vessel (in cm) will increase 9 cm

Shortcut Trick

Given Profit% = 20% and Total Gain = ₹3,080.

Profit = 20% of Cost Price (CP) = ₹3,080.

Selling Price (SP) = CP + Profit = 100% + 20% = 120% of CP.

Using ratio: If 20% → ₹3,080, then 120% → ₹3,080 × 6 = ₹18,480.

∴ The correct answer is ₹18,480.

Alternate Method

Given → Discount = 28%, Profit = 20%, Gain Amount = ₹3,080. Formulas: Profit = SP − CP | Profit% = (Profit ÷ CP) × 100 | SP = CP + Profit.

⇒ Profit% = 20% = 1/5. ⇒ This means if CP is 5 units, Profit is 1 unit. ⇒ 1 unit = ₹3,080. ⇒ Selling Price (SP) = CP + Profit = 5 + 1 = 6 units. ⇒ SP = 6 × 3,080 = ₹18,480.

∴ The correct answer is ₹18,480.

Additional Information

Relationship between CP and MP

The ratio of Cost Price to Marked Price is given by CP/MP = (100 − Discount%) / (100 + Profit%).

Marked Price calculation

SP = MP × (100 − D%)/100. In this case, 18,480 = MP × 72/100, which gives MP = ₹25,666.67.

Given:

The average of five numbers = 30

The average of four numbers = 31

Concept used:

The sum of the terms = Average × Number of the terms

Calculation:

The excluded number = (30 × 5) - (31 × 4)

= 150 - 124

= 26

∴ The excluded number is 26

Given:

∠ADC = ∠BAC

CA = 12 cm; CD = 8 cm

Concept used:

If Two triangles are similar then, their corresponding angles are equal and their corresponding sides are within the same ratio (or proportion).

Calculation:

In ΔABC and ΔADC,

∠ACB = ∠ACD

∠BAC = ∠ADC

∴ ∠ABC = ∠DAC

So, ΔABC ~ ΔDAC  [A - A - A rule]

Then, CB/AC = AC/DC (Concept used)

⇒ CB/12 = 12/8

⇒ CB = (12 × 12)/8 = 18 cm

∴ The value of CB (in cm) is 18 cm

Given:

The given expression = $\frac{{{{\tan }^3}45^\circ + 4{{\cos }^3}60^\circ }}{{2{\rm{cose}}{{\rm{c}}^2}45^\circ - 3{{\sec }^2}30^\circ + \sin 30^\circ }}$

Calculation:

$\frac{{{{\tan }^3}45^\circ + 4{{\cos }^3}60^\circ }}{{2{\rm{cose}}{{\rm{c}}^2}45^\circ - 3{{\sec }^2}30^\circ + \sin 30^\circ }}$

= $\frac{1^3+{4×{\left(\frac{1}{2} \right)}^3}}{2× (\sqrt2)^2-3×{\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt3} \right)}^2+\frac{1}{2}}$

= $\frac{1+\left(4×\frac{1}{8} \right)}{(2×2)-\left(3×\frac{4}{3} \right)+\frac{1}{2}}$

= $\frac{1+\frac{1}{2}}{4-4+\frac{1}{2}}$

= (3/2)/(1/2)

= (3/2) × 2

= 3

∴ The value of the expression is 3

Shortcut TrickLet, the total amount = 18

Here, $33\frac{1}{3}\%$ = 1/3 and 25% = 1/4

A = 18/3 = 6

B = (18 - 6)/4 = 12/4 = 3

C = 18 - (6 + 3) = 18 - 9 = 9

A : B : C = 6 : 3 : 9

The share of A = (6/18) × 219000 = 73000

Given:

The four distinct numbers are 13, a, b, and c

Concept used:

HCF is always the factor of the given numbers

Calculation:

a, b, c should be multiple of 13 as the HCF is 13

The HCF of 13 and a = 13 ⇒ a = 26

The HCF of 13 and b = 13 ⇒ b = 39

The HCF of 13 and c = 13 ⇒ c = 52

Here, a < b < c < 60

Now, (a + c)/b = (26 + 52)/39 = 78/39 = 2

∴ The value of (a + c)/b is 2

Given:

Diameter of the circle = 20 cm

AB = 6cm

Concept used:

Base = √(Hypotenuse2 - Perpendicular2)

The shortest distance on the cord from the centre is the perpendicular

The shortest distance divides the chord into two equal parts

Calculation:

Here, AB || CD and AB and CD chords are connected to the two points of diameter BC

Then, AB = CD

OP ⊥ AB

Radius(OB) = 20/2 = 10 cm

So, PB = √(10² - 6²) = √(100 - 36) = √64 = 8 cm

Then, AB = (PB + PA) = 8 + 8 = 16 cm

∴ CD = AB = 16 cm

∴ The length (in cm) of the chord CD is 16 cm

Given:

Initial profit = 50%

The initial selling price of a cup of tea = ₹ 9

The final selling price of a cup of tea = ₹ 10

Formula used:

Cost price = 100/(100 + Profit%) × (Selling price)

Profit% = (Profit/Cost price) × 100

Calculation:

Here, C.P. = Cost price; S.P. = Selling price

Initial C.P. = 100/(100 + 50) × 9 = (100/150) × 9 = ₹ 6

Final C.P. = 6 × (125/100) = ₹ 7.5

The profit percentage = (10 - 7.5)/7.5 × 100 = (2.5/7.5) × 100 = $33\frac{1}{3}$%

∴ The percentage of the tea seller is $33\frac{1}{3}$%

Shortcut Trick

Let, Amount = 1 then simple interest = 1/4

The rate of interest = R then, time = R/4 years

Now, 1/4 = [1 × R × (R/4)]/100

⇒ 1/4 = R2/400

⇒ R2 = 100

⇒ R = √100 = 10%

∴ The rate of interest = 10%

The new rate of interest = 10 + 2 = 12%

Total interest for 3 years = 3 × 12 = 36%

∴ The total simple interest = (36/100) × 5000 = 1800

∴ The simple interest (in ₹) is ₹1800

Alternate Method

Given:

The simple interest = one-fourth of the sum

The rate of interest =  4 times the number of years

Formula used:

Simple interest = (p × r × t)/100

Where, p = The sum of the amount

r = Rate of interest

t = Time (years)

Calculation:

Let, the sum of the amount = P

The rate of interest = R%

So, the time = R/4 years

Then, P/4 = [P × R × (R/4)]/100

⇒ P/4 = (P × R × R)/400

⇒ 1 = R²/100

⇒ R2 = 100

⇒ R = √100 = 10%

∴ The rate of interest = 10%

The new rate of interest = 10 + 2 = 12%

Now, the simple interest = (5000 × 12 × 3)/100 = 1800

∴ The simple interest (in ₹) is ₹1800

Given:

D = AE and ∠BAD = ∠CAE

AB = (2p + 3), BD = 2p, AC = (3q - 1) and CE = q

Calculation:

In ΔABD and ΔAEC,

AD = AE [Given]

∠ADB = ∠AEC  [Exterior angles of ΔADE, where ∠ADE = ∠AED]

∠BAD = ∠CAE [Given]

So, ΔADB ∼ ΔAEC  [A - S - A rule]

Then,

⇒ AB/AC = BD/CE = AD/AE

⇒ (2p + 3)/(3q - 1) = 2p/q = 1  [∵ AD = AE]

By taking 2p/q = 1 

⇒ 2p = q   .....(1)

By taking (2p + 3)/(3q - 1) = 1 

⇒ 2p + 3 = 3q - 1

⇒ 3q - 2p = 3 + 1

⇒ 3q - q = 4  [∵ 2p = q]

⇒ 2q = 4

⇒ q = 4/2 = 2

Put q = 2 in equation (1),

2p = 2

⇒ p = 2/2 = 1

Then, (p + q) = 1 + 2 = 3

∴ The value of (p + q) is 3

Given:

The total monthly Household Expenditure of family A = ₹ 50000

The total monthly Household Expenditure of family B = ₹ 75000

Calculation:

The total expenditures on Entertainment of both families = [(10/100) × 50000] + [(12/100) × 75000]

= 5000 + 9000

= ₹ 14000

The total monthly Household Expenditure of both families = 50000 + 75000 = 125000

The percentage = (14000/125000) × 100 = 11.2% ≈ 11% (nearest integer)

∴ The expenditures on Entertainment of both families together is 11% of the total monthly expenditures of both families.

Given:

The price of one vanilla cake = ₹ 9

The price of one chocolate cake = ₹ 10

Total number of cakes sold in the week = 10500

Calculation:

The total number of cakes sold on Friday = (10/100) × 10500 = 1050

The ratio of vanilla cakes sold to chocolate cakes sold on Friday = 4 ∶ 3

The number of vanilla cake sold = (4/7) × 1050 = 600

The number of chocolate cake sold = 1050 - 600 = 450

The total sale = (600 × 9) + (450 × 10) = 5400 + 4500 = 9900

∴ The total amount earned (in ₹) by selling all vanilla cakes and chocolate cakes on Friday is ₹ 9900

Given:

5 (1 - x/5) - (5 - x) - 1/200 of (20 - x) = 0.08

Calculation:

5 (1 - x/5) - (5 - x) - 1/200 of (20 - x) = 0.08

⇒ 5 (1 - x/5) - (5 - x) - 1/10 + x/200 = 8/100

⇒ 5 - x - 5 + x - 1/10 + x/200 = 8/100

⇒ x/200 - 1/10 = 8/100

⇒ x/200 = 8/100 + 1/10

⇒ x/200 = 18/100

⇒ x/2 = 18

⇒ x = 2 × 18

⇒ x = 36

∴ The value of x is 36

Given:

The height where the kite is flying = 120 m

The angle is made by the string = 60°

Calculation:

The distance of kite from the ground (AB) = 120 m and ∠ACB = 60°

The length of the string = AC

So, sin 60° = AB/AC

⇒ √3/2 = 120/AC  [∵ sin 60° = 3/2]

⇒ AC = (120 × 2)/√3 = 80√3 m

∴ The length (in m) of the string is 80√3 m

Given:

Total number of employees = 400

The percentage of regular employees = 87.5%

The percentage of regular male employees = 92%

Calculation:

The total number of regular employees = (87.5/100) × 400 = 350

The ratio of the number of male employees to that of female employees = 5 ∶ 3

The number of male employees = (5/8) × 400 = 250

The number of female employees = 400 - 250 = 150

The number of regular male employees = (92/100) × 250 = 230

The percentage of regular female employees = [(350 - 230)/150] × 100

= (120/150) × 100

= 80%

∴ The percentage of regular female employees is 80%

Given:

There is a company's income and expenditure (in crores ₹) over 5 years, from 2014 to 2018 in the given bar graph.

Concept used:

If we calculate the percentage of expenditure to income for all years, we will find the low percentage to find the minimum ratio of expenditure to income.

Calculation:

The percentage of expenditure to income in 2014 = (175/225) = 0.77

The percentage of expenditure to income in 2015 = (250/280) = 0.89

The percentage of expenditure to income in 2016 = (275/325) = 0.84

The percentage of expenditure to income in 2017 = (300/350) = 0.86

The percentage of expenditure to income in 2018 = (325/350) = 0.93

∴ The ratio of expenditure to income was the minimum in 2014

Given:

The length of a diagonal of a square = (a + b)

Formula used:

Diagonal of a square = √2 Side

Area of a square = (Side)²

Calculation:

Side of the square = Diagonal of a square/√2 

⇒ Side of the square = (a + b)/√2 

The area of the square = [(a + b)/√2]²

= (a + b)²/2

= (a² + b² + 2ab)/2

= (a2 + b2)/2 + ab

∴ The area of the square is 1/2 (a2 + b2) + ab.

Given:

x + y + z = 18

xyz = 81

xy + yz + zx = 90

Formula used:

a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca)

Calculation:

x + y + z = 18

(x + y + z)² = 324  [Squaring both sides]

x² + y² + z² + 2 (xy + yz + zx) = 324

x2 + y2 + z2 + 2 × 90 = 324

x2 + y2 + z2 = 324 - 180 = 144

Now, x³ + y³ + z³ - 3xyz = (x + y + z) (x2 + y2 + z2 - xy - yz - zx)

x3 + y3 + z3 - 3xyz = (x + y + z) {x2 + y2 + z2 - (xy + yz + zx)}

x3 + y3 + z3 - (3 × 81) = 18 {144 - 90}

x3 + y3 + z3 - 243 = 18 × 54 = 972

x3 + y3 + z3 = 972 + 243 = 1215

So, x3 + y3 + z3 + xyz = 1215 + 81 = 1296

∴ The value of x3 + y3 + z3 + xyz is 1296

Alternate MethodWe know that,

x3 + y3 + z3 - 3xyz = (x + y + z)[(x + y + z)² - 3(xy + yz + zx)]

⇒ x3 + y3 + z3 - 3 × 81 = 18[(18)² - 3 × 90]

⇒ x3 + y3 + z3 - 243 = 18[324 - 270]

⇒ x3 + y3 + z3 = 18 × 54 + 243 = 1215

Now, 

x3 + y3 + z3 + xyz = 1215 + 81 = 1296

Given:

AB = 6.3 cm, BP = 4.5 cm, and CD = 3.6 cm

Calculation:

Let, PD = x cm

We know, PB × PA = PD × PC

⇒ PB × (PB + BA) = PD × (PD + DC)

⇒ 4.5 × (4.5 + 6.3) = x × (x + 3.6)

⇒ 4.5 × 10.8 = x² + 3.6x

⇒ 48.6 = x2 + 3.6x

⇒ 10x2 + 36x - 486 = 0

⇒ 5x2 + 18x - 243 = 0

⇒ x = ${-18 \pm \sqrt{18^2-4\times 5 \times (-243)} \over 2 \times 5}$

⇒ x = $\frac{-18\pm72}{10}$

⇒ x = (-18 + 72)/10 = 54/10 = 5.4

⇒ x = (-18 - 72)/10 = - 90/10 = - 9  [Not possible]

∴ The length (in cm) of PD is 5.4 cm

Given:

The train covers a distance of 225 km in $2\frac{1}{2}$ hours

Required distance to cover = 450 km

Formula used:

Speed = Distance/Time

Calculation:

Speed of the train = 225/($2{1\over2}$) km/h

= 225/(5/2) km/h

= 90 km/h

Required time = 450/90 = 5 hours

∴ The train takes 5 hours to cover 450 km

Given:

4 men and 6 boys can do a work in 8 days

6 men and 4 boys can do the same work in 7 days

Concept used:

Time = Work/Efficiency

Calculation:

Let, M = Men; B = Boys

(4M + 6B) × 8 = (6M + 4B) × 7

⇒ 32M + 48B = 42M + 28B

⇒ 42M - 32M = 48B - 28B

⇒ 10M = 20B

⇒ M/B = 2/1

So, the efficiency of one man = 2

Efficiency of one boy = 1

Total work = [(4 × 2) + (6 × 1)] × 8 = 14 × 8 = 112

Efficiency of 5 men and 4 boys = (5 × 2) + (4 × 1) = 10 + 4 = 14

Required time to finish the work = 112/14 = 8 days

∴ The 5 men and 4 boys will take 8 days to do the same work

Given:

The total marks of the test = 30

Minimum pass marks = 10

Calculation:

50% of the total marks = (50/100) × 30 = 15

Total number of students who scored between 10 and 15 = 7

∴ A total number of 7 students have passed the test and obtained less than 50% marks.

The erroneous spelling is 'Attick'.

Key Points

• Among the given options the incorrectly spelt word is 'Attick'.
• Its correct spelling is 'Attack'.
• It means 'trying to hurt or defeat somebody/something by using force'. (आक्रमण, हमला)
• Example: The town was under attack from all sides.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Answer: Attick.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Aisle: a passage between the rows of seats in a church, theatre, etc. (चर्च, थिएटर आदि में सीटों के बीच का रास्‍ता; पार्श्ववीथि, मध्यवीथि)
• Adorn: to add something in order to make a thing or person more attractive or beautiful. (अधिक आकर्षक या मोहक बनाने के लिए सजाना)
• Alter: to make something different in some way, but without changing it completely; to become different. (आंशिक परिवर्तन करना; बदलना; परिवर्तित होना)

The correct answer is 'Relax'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Clench' is 'Relax'.
• Clench: to close or hold tightly. (बाँधना या जकड़ना, भींचना)
• Example: She clenched her fists and looked as if she was going to hit him.
• Relax: to become or make somebody/something become less hard or tight. (व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु का तनावमुक्त या शिथिल होना, उसे तनावमुक्त या शिथिल करना)
• Example: Don’t relax your grip on the rope!

Correct Answer: Tighten.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Tighten: to become or to make something tight or tighter. (कसना या कस जाना या किसी वस्‍तु को कस देना)
• Hold: to take somebody/something and keep him/her/it in your hand, etc. (किसी व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु को थामे रहना)
• Clasp: an object, usually of metal, which fastens or holds something together. (बाँधने या मज़बूती से पकड़ने की सामान्‍यतः धातु की वस्‍तु)

The correct answer is 'Dignified'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate synonym of the given word 'Solemn' is 'Dignified'.
• Solemn: (used about a person) very serious; not happy or smiling. [(व्‍यक्ति) गंभीर, गम्भीर या गहरी गंभीरता से पूर्ण]
• Example: Her solemn face told them that the news was bad.
• Dignified: behaving in a calm, serious way that makes other people respect you. (किसी ऐसी चीज या व्यक्ति का वर्णन करता है जो गंभीर, शांत और सम्मान के योग्य हो)
• Example: dignified behaviour...

Correct Answer: Dignified.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Excited: feeling or showing happiness and enthusiasm; not calm. (उत्तेजित, व्‍यग्र; अधीर)
• Trivial: of little importance; not worth considering. (महत्वहीन, मामूली; नगण्य, तुच्‍छ)
• Frivolous: not serious; silly. (अगंभीर; मूर्खतापूर्ण)

The correct answer is 'Ritu was invited for a party by Preeti.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Active Voice. As per the given question, we have to change it into Passive Voice.
• The structure of the given sentence is as follows:
• Subject + V₂ + Object. (Active Voice)
• Subject (objective case) + was/were + V₃ + Object (subjective case). (Passive Voice)
• Example:
• Their cousin showed them some rare photographs. (Active Voice)
• They were shown some rare photographs by their cousin. (Passive Voice)
• The subject of the given sentence is 'Preeti'.​​
• The object of the given sentence is 'Ritu'.
• The subject will be put in place of the object and the object will be put in place of the subject.
• And 'invited' will be changed into 'was invited'.
• Lastly, the preposition 'by' will be added. 

Correct Sentence: Ritu was invited for a party by Preeti.

The correct answer is 'A huge Christmas tree has been put up by the Smiths.'

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Active Voice. As per the given question, we have to change it into Passive Voice.
• The structure of the given sentence is as follows: 
• Subject + has/have + V3 + Object. (Active Voice)
• Subject (Objective Case) + has/have + been + V3 + by + Object (Subjective  Case). (Passive Voice)
• Example:
• We have finalized the site for our new factory. (Active Voice)
• The site for our new factory has been finalized by us. (Passive Voice)
• The subject of the given sentence is 'The Smiths' and the object of the given sentence is 'A huge Christmas tree'.
• The subject will be put in place of the object and the object will be put in place of the subject.
• And 'have put up' will be changed into 'has been put up'.
• Lastly, the preposition 'by' will be added.

Correct Sentence: A huge Christmas tree has been put up by the Smiths.

The correct answer is 'Descent'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Ascent' is 'Descent'.
• Ascent: the act of climbing or going up. (चढ़ाव, आरोहण)
• Example: the ascent of Mt Everest...
• Descent: a movement down to a lower place. (उतार, अवरोहण)
• Example: The pilot informed us that we were about to begin our descent.

Correct Answer: Descent.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Resent: to feel angry about something because you think it is unfair. [(अनुचित प्रतीत होने के कारण) किसी बात का बुरा मानना या पर नाराज़ होना]
• Patent: clear; obvious. (स्‍पष्‍ट, साफ़; प्रकट, प्रत्‍यक्ष)
• Present: existing or happening now. (वर्तमान, मौजूदा, इस समय का)

The correct answer is 'is quite too'.

Key Points

'Quite' and 'too' are both adverbs but they are not typically used together in the context given.

'Too' already implies an excessive degree, and 'quite' is unnecessary.

"Too" is used before an adjective or adverb to show that something is more than it should be or more than you want it to be.

For example, "This question is too simple for me to answer."

"Quite" is normally used before an adjective or adverb to mean 'to some degree' or 'completely'.

Correct Sentence: This question is too simple for me to answer.

The correct answer is 'An unexpected winner'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the given idiom 'Dark horse' is 'An unexpected winner'.
• Dark horse: a candidate or competitor about whom little is known but who unexpectedly wins or succeed. (एक उम्मीदवार या प्रतियोगी जिसके बारे में बहुत कम जानकारी है लेकिन जो अप्रत्याशित रूप से जीतता है या सफल होता है)
• Example: She's a dark horse. I didn't know she'd written a novel.

Correct Answer: An unexpected winner.

The correct answer is 'DABC'.

Key Points

• The given question is an example of a Para Jumble.
• We know that the first statement of a para jumbled question is usually an independent general statement, a noun, a universal fact, starting of an incident, or it starts with 'most' or 'once'.
• Sentence D will be the first sentence because it is an introductory general statement that tells us about a new park 'Bharat Darshan' which opened in New Delhi for the public.
• Sentence A will be the first sentence because it is connected with the previous sentence.
• Sentence B will be the following sentence because the previous sentence tells us that this park is different from the one we usually see and this sentence tells us that difference.
• Lastly, Sentence C will be used.
• Thus, the correct sequence:
• D: A new Park called Bharat Darshan Park has been thrown open to the public in New Delhi.
• A: It is a Park quite different from any other we have seen.
• B: One difference is that it is made from nearly 250 tons of scrap.
• C: Another difference is that it is powered by wind and solar energy.

Correct Sequence: A new Park called Bharat Darshan Park has been thrown open to the public in New Delhi. It is a Park quite different from any other we have seen. One difference is that it is made from nearly 250 tons of scrap. Another difference is that it is powered by wind and solar energy.