CRPF Constable Technical Tradesman Official Paper (Held On: 01 July 2023 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

Figure (1):

Flower Shape 2 Black Circle Inside and 2 Blank Circle Outside.

Figure (2):

Flower Shape 2 Black Circle Inside and 2 Blank Circle Outside.

Figure (3):

Flower Shape 2 Black Circle Inside and 3 Blank Circle Outside.

Figure (4):

Flower Shape 2 Black Circle Inside and 2 Blank Circle Outside.

Figure (5):

Flower Shape 2 Black Circle Inside and 2 Blank Circle Outside.

So, Figure (3) has 3 Blank Circle while all four figures having 2 Blank Circles.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The given figure when unfolded is as follows:

Hence, answer will be "Option (3)".

Explanation:

Distance = 99.1 km​

Time = 3.4 hours

= 3.4 × 60 minutes

= 204 minutes

99.1 km in 204 minutes

Distance travelled in minute  (99.1\over 204)

0.4857 km in 1 min

Distance travelled in 60 minute = 0.4857 × 60 = 29.14

A car covers a distance of 29.14 km in 60 min i.e.1 hour.

Hence, the correct answer is "29.14 km".

The total number of Circles in a given figure is:

 

Hence, the correct answer is "5".

The logical pattern followed by the series:

1. The next image has elements moved one step upwards.
2. Second next image has the position-changed elements being flipped vertically.

and so on..

So, the next element will have the previously moved imaged as flipped vertically.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Figure (1) →

Three lines have Upper Face and two has Down Face.

Figure (2) →

Two lines have Upper Face and Three has Down Face.

Figure (3) →

Three lines have Upper Face and two has Down Face.

Figure (4) →

Three lines have Upper Face and two has Down Face.

Figure (5) →

Three lines have Upper Face and two has Down Face.

So, Figure (B) is different among them.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Preparing the family tree using the following set of symbols:

Given: ‘P + Q × R + S ÷ T ⇒ P is the father of Q, Q is the wife of R, R is the father of S, S is the sister of T.

P is the father of Q

Q is the wife of R

R is the father of S

S is the sister of T

Therefore, P will be the maternal grandfather of T.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The given figure when unfolded is as follows:

Hence, answer will be "Option (3)".

Preparing a family tree using the following set of symbols:

1) A & C % D ~ B

2) A > C ~ D & B

3) B ! D ~ A % C

4) A ~ D ! C > B

Therefore, in "Option (1) only, B is the mother of A clearly.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

LOGIC: 

Similarly;

Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.

The embedded part of image is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The mirror image of this image is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The difference we could see is the position of dots. The dots are on the same side of the square, even if the position of cube or triangle changes.

But in Image (C), the position of dots is diagonally opposite.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Figure (A):

Triangle Shape having three lines inside.

Figure (B):

Square Shape having three lines inside.

Figure (C):

Parallelogram Shape having three lines inside.

Figure (D):

Circle​ Shape having three lines inside.

Figure (E):

Parallelogram​ Shape having Four lines inside.

So, Figure (E) has Four Lines while all four figures having Three Lines Inside the figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The direction followed by Simha is as follows:

Therefore, the distance between Simha's initial and final position is 20m.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The logic followed here is:

The letters are getting shifted it's place as shown below:

However, we have got the next figure with only two letters operation, so no need to check the another letters.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The distance and directions of various people are as follows:

Therefore, to go towards V from I, a person has to travel 15 + 5 = 20 feet and in the West direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

LOGIC: 

Figure A to B → 

5 Small Circle becomes sides of Pentagon and Sides of Triangle becomes 3 Small Circle.

Similarly;

Figure C to D → 

4 Small Circle becomes sides of Square and Sides of Hexagon becomes 6 Small Circle.

So, the correct figure is:

Hence, option (4) is the correct answer.

The total number of Squares in a given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "24".

In the following sets containing 4 similar elements, the first and last elements are the same and the middle two elements are the water images of the rest two.

But in figure (e), the elements don't follow the same pattern as others do.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

The path followed by Riya is as follows:

The total distance covered by Riya is = 20 + 60 + 100 = 180m.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The given figure when unfolded is as follows:

Hence, answer will be "Option (1)".

Preparing a family tree using the following set of symbols:

As per the given symbols meanings, the diagram for respective options will be:

1) P – Q + R 

2. P + Q x R

3) P + Q + R

4) R × S + P

Only in Option (3), P is the Grandfather or R.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

The path followed by Rohan is as follows:

Therefore, the direction of his final position with respect to his office will be the Southeast.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The series follows a unique pattern as follows:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

• Among the 28 Indian States, Tamil Nadu and Kerala are closest to the equator.
• 

Additional Information

• Some other cities which lie closest to the equator
• Quito, Ecuador
• Kampala, Uganda
• Pekanbaru, Indonesia
• Padang, Indonesia
• Libreville, Gabon
• Pontianak, Indonesia
• Kisumu, Kenya
• Macapa, Brazil
• Mbandaka, Dem. Republic of Congo
• Manta, Ecuador
• Kismayo, Somalia
• Entebbe, Uganda
• Nuevo Loja, Ecuador
• Sao Tome, Sao Tome

The correct answer is 'Godavari'.

Key PointsGodavari River

• The Godavari is a major river in South India.
• This river is the largest peninsular river system in India.
• It is also called Dakshin Ganga.
• It originated from the Tryambak hill in the Western Ghats.
• It originates from the Nashik district in Maharashtra.
• Its length is usually 1465 km.
• The span of this river is very big.
• The main tributaries of Godavari are Pranahita, Indravati and Manjira.
• It flows through Maharashtra, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh and joins the Bay of Bengal near the city of Rajahmundry.

Thus, the correct answer is Godavari.

Additional Information Let's have a look at other options:

• Narmada River
• ​The Narmada, also known as the Rewa, is a river in central India and the fifth longest river in the Indian subcontinent.
• It is the third longest river flowing inside India after the Godavari River and Krishna River.
• It is also known as the "Lifeline of Madhya Pradesh" due to its huge contribution to the state of Madhya Pradesh.
• It acts as a traditional border between North and South India.
• Narmada is a major river flowing in the state of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat in central India.
• The Narmada river originated from the Amarkantak peak of Maikal mountain.
• Its length is usually 1312 kilometres.
• This river turns west and falls into the Gulf of Khambat, Arabian Sea.
• Mahanadi River
• ​It is the largest river in the Chhattisgarh and Odisha region.
• Mahanadi originates from a mountain range called Sihawa located in the Dhamtari district near Raipur.
• The flow of Mahanadi is from south to north.
• The Mahanadi covers a distance of about 855 km from Sihawa till it drains into the Bay of Bengal.
• The main tributaries of Mahanadi are Parri, Sondhur, Shivnath, Hasdeo, Arpa, Leech, Tel etc.
• The major dams built on it are Rudri, Gangrel and Hirakud.
• This river also determines the boundaries of eastern Madhya Pradesh and Orissa.
• Tapi River
• The Tapti (also known as the Tapi) is the second-largest west-flowing river in Peninsular India and is known as ‘the twin’ or ‘the handmaid’ of the Narmada.
• It originates from the Multai reserve forest.
• The river is flowing through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.
• Kakrapar Dam, Ukai Dam, and Girna Dam are the major projects on this river.
• It flows for about 724 km before outfalling into the Arabian Sea through the Gulf of Cambay (Gulf of Khambhat).

Confusion Points

• Longest River in India - Ganga River
• Longest River in Peninsular India - Godavari River
• Godavari River - Dakshin Ganga
• Cauvery River - Ganges of South India

The correct answer is Alauddin Khilji.

Key Points

The attack of the Mongols:

• The first Mongol invasion of India took place in the reign of Sultan Shams-ud-din lltutmish in 1220-21, under the leadership of Chengez Khan.
• Mongol attacks on the Delhi Sultanate increased during the reign of Alauddin Khilji and in the early years of Muhammad Tughluq’s rule-forced the two rulers to mobilise a large standing army in Delhi which posed a huge administrative challenge.

During Khalij Dynasty:

• In 1299, against advice, Delhi sultan Alauddin Khilji attacked the Mongols.
• The advance guard of the Indian army was led by Zafar Khan himself. He defeated the Mongols and pursued them as they withdrew.
• The Mongols took a long time to rally from this setback. Then they attacked at the worst time possible for Alauddin Khilji – when he was busy laying siege to Chittor.
• Delhi was attacked twice in 1299-1300 and 1302-1303.
• As a defensive measure, Aluddin Khilji raised a strong and large standing army.
• The Mongols plundered Punjab and burnt everything along the way.
• Alauddin Khilji sent a strong army led by two of his toughest generals: Ghazi Malik and the famous Malik Kafur to engage the invaders.
• They surprised the Mongols on their way back to Central Asia with their plunder.
• Kubak and other Mongol generals were captured and brought back to Siri, along with other prisoners.

The correct answer is lysosome. 

Key Points

• Lysosome is known as the 'Suicide Bag' of a cell.
• It was discovered by Christian Rene de Duve.
• There is a sac-like structure bounded by a single membrane and contains a hydrolytic enzyme.
• The enzyme found in lysosome bursts and digests the dead cells. So it is called the "suicide bag" of the cell.
• These are not found in the Red Blood Corpuscles of mammals.

Additional Information

• Mitochondria is a double membrane organelle.
• Its number varies in the cell.
• It consists of the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes.
• It is present in the cytosol.
• It can replicate itself and can form its copy.​
• Golgi apparatus has multiple names such as the Golgi complex or Golgi body.
• The name is given on the name of the scientist, who discovered the organelle, i.e. Camillo Golgi.
• It is found in all eukaryotic cells, plants as well and animals.
• Nucleus
• The brain of a cell is also known as the nucleus.
• It plays a crucial role in controlling the activities of a cell.
• It contains genetic material in the form of DNA.
• It helps in directing the functions of the cell.

The correct answer is 22.

Key Points

• The Bhaja Caves are a group of 22 rock-cut caves dating back to the 2nd century BC, located in Pune, Maharashtra, India, near the Lonavala hill station.
• These Buddhist caves are among the oldest surviving examples of Indian rock-cut architecture.
• The Bhaja Caves are similar in style to the Karla Caves, which are nearby.
• They are carved into the side of a hill and comprise of viharas (monasteries) and chaityas (prayer halls).
• The majority of the caves are viharas, which were used as a residence by the monks during the monsoon season.

The correct answer is 14th century.

Key Points

• The Tughlaq dynasty was a Muslim dynasty of Turkic origin, that ruled over Delhi.
• Tughlaq dynasty was established by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq in 1320 when Ghazi Malik assumed the throne under the title of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq.

Additional Information

• Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
• He was the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty.
• His father was a Turk and his mother was a Jat woman of Punjab.
• He founded the city of Tughlaqabad.
• He died in 1325, from the collapse of a wooden pavilion.
• The tomb of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (situated near Tuglaqabad fort) is the first tomb constructed within the walled enclosure which is polygonal in shape.
• ​Firuz Shah Tughlaq
• Sultan Firoz Shah Tughlaq was a Muslim ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty and he reigned over the Sultanate of Delhi.
• He ruled from 1351 to 1388.
• Sultan Firoz Shah Tughlaq was forced by rebellions to concede virtual independence to Bengal and other provinces.
• Tughlaq established Sharia across his realm.
• Firoz Shah Tughlaq's autobiography is titled Futuhat-e-firozshahi.
• Muhammad-Bin-Tughlaq
• Jauna Khan succeeded his father in AD 1325 under the title of Muhammad- bin-Tughlaq.
• He was the most learned scholar of his time and knew both Arabic and Persian and had a comprehensive knowledge of philosophy, astronomy, logic, mathematics, and physical science.
• The Sultan maintained good relationships with foreigners and received an envoy from the Chinese ruler.
• Toghan Timur (AD 1341), came to seek permission to rebuild Buddhist Monasteries, in the Himalayan region which was destroyed during the crucial expedition.
• The Sultan gave permission and sent Ibn Battuta to the court of the Chinese emperor in 1347.
• Ibn Battuta was a traveler from Morocco.

The correct answer is From turmeric plant.

Key Points

• Plant pigment:
• A plant pigment is any type of coloured substance produced by a plant.
• In general, any chemical compound which absorbs visible radiation between about 380 nm (violet) and 760 nm (ruby-red) is considered a pigment.
• There are many different plant pigments, and they are found in different classes of organic compounds.
• Plant pigments give colour to leaves, flowers, and fruits and are also important in controlling photosynthesis, growth, and development.
• Curcumin:
• It is a bright yellow chemical produced by plants of the Curcuma longa species.
• It is the principal curcuminoid of turmeric, a member of the ginger family.
• It is sold as a herbal supplement, cosmetics ingredient, food flavouring, and food colouring.

The correct answer is Manipur.

Key Points

• Shree Govindaji Temple is situated in Imphal, Manipur.
• It is a famous Vaishnavite temple dedicated to Lord Govindaji, an incarnation of Lord Krishna.
• The temple is an important religious and cultural landmark in Manipur.
• Commonly referred to as Sekta Kei, the Sekta Archaeological Living Museum is one of Imphal's prime tourist attractions and has been inviting archeologists, historians and tourists from all corners of the world.
• A visit to the museum provides a rare opportunity to explore ancient antiques depicting the history of the tribes in Manipur during the 14th and 15th centuries.

The correct answer is Sa-Dhan.

Key Points

• Microfinance refers to the financial services provided to low-income individuals or groups who are typically excluded from traditional banking.
• Most microfinance institutions focus on offering credit in the form of small working capital loans, sometimes called microloans or microcredit.
• Sa-Dhan's mission is to build the field of community development finance in India to help its member and associate institutions to better serve low-income households, particularly women, in both rural and urban India, in their quest for establishing stable livelihoods and improving quality of life.

Additional Information

• Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana is a financial inclusion program of the Government of India open to Indian citizens, that aims to expand affordable access to financial services such as bank accounts, remittances, credit, insurance, and pensions.

The correct answer is ISRO.

Key Points

• In January 2019, ISRO announced that it would select over 100 students from across India and give them practical experience of how satellites are built under the new Young Scientist Program.
• The programme is also referred to as “YUva VIgyani KAryakram” (YUVIKA).
• Salient Features:-
• The programme aims at imparting basic knowledge on space technology, space science and space applications to the younger ones with the intent of arousing their interest in the emerging areas of space activities.
• The residential training programme will be of around two week’s duration during summer holidays and it is proposed to select 3 students each from each State/ Union Territory to participate in this programme.
• Those who have just finished 9th standard (in the academic year 2018-19) and waiting to join 10th standard (or those who have started 10th Std just now) will be eligible for the programme.
• The selection is based on the academic performance and extracurricular activities.
• Students belonging to the rural area have been given special weightage in the selection criteria.

The correct answer is "Salaries of government employees".

Key Points

• Revenue expenditures include things like employee salaries, interest payments on debt from the past, subsidies, pensions, etc. that neither increase assets nor decrease liabilities.
• Profits from sales are used to pay for them.
• According to a general definition, a revenue expenditure is any outlay that has no net impact on liabilities or assets.

Additional Information

• Revenue expenditures include things like salaries, wages, pensions, subsidies, and interest payments.
• In order to cover its operating needs, the government incurs income expenses.
• Every year, the Indian government releases a budget that includes both a revenue budget and a capital budget*,* as well as the total number of revenue expenditures.

The correct answer is Mohenjodaro site.

Key Points

• A granary has rectangular and squarish chambers. Its floor is made of ramped earth and plastered with mud.
• Granaries in the Indus valley civilization have been found in the two most important regions known as Mohenjodaro, and Harappa.
• Mohenjodaro is an important and major site of the Indus Valley Civilization. It was situated to the South of the Indus river.
• Great Granary was found at Mohen-jo Daro, while six small granaries were found at Harappa.
• The largest building discovered at Mohenjodaro is Great Granary.

The correct answer is Giant Bathroom.

Key Points

• The Harappan civilization is the oldest civilization of Indian history.
• The discovery of this civilization marked the beginning of the dawn of a new era in Indian History.
• It is called Harappan civilization because the relics of this civilization were first discovered in 1921 at Harappa.
• The most famous building to be found in the Harappan excavation was the Great Bath at Mohenjodaro.
• Mohenjodaro is the second most important town of the Harappan civilization.
• It is located in the Larkana district in Sind (present-day Pakistan).
• The word Mohenjodaro means the mound of the dead.
• Great Bath is 12m long, 7m wide and 3m deep.
• There were side rooms for changing clothes.
• It is believed that the Great Bath served some sort of ritual bathing.

The correct answer is IIT Kanpur.

Key Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched a blockchain-powered technology-based digital degree developed by IIT Kanpur under the National Blockchain Project in December 2021 on the occasion of the 54th Convocation Ceremony of IIT Kanpur.
• The National Blockchain Project has been launched to develop e-governance solutions using blockchain technology.
• A blockchain is a digital database or ledger where information is stored as "blocks" which together form a "chain".

The correct answer is Daulatabad.

Key Points

• Muhammad bin Tughlaq succeeded to the throne of the Delhi in 1325 CE.
• Muhammad Tughluq’s adopted a number of administrative measures.
• But, a large portion of these failed because of his fretfulness and absence of judgment.
• In 1327 CE, Muhammad-Bin-Tughlaq shifted his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad or Devagiri.
• This was done to control his empire effectively as Daulatabad was centrally located.
• In this exodus, the Imperial Court and establishments were shifted initially followed by the citizens.
• The distance between Delhi and Daulatabad was around 1500 km.
• During migration, many people died because of the harsh weather.
• Those who reached Daulatabad experienced health issues and found it difficult to adjust in South India.
• In the following years, the courts and people were shifted back to Delhi.
• Thus, taking this measure was a huge blunder on the part of Muhammad-Bin-Tughlaq.

The correct answer is Chaitra-Vaisakha.

Key Points

• Indian Calendar:-
• It is also known as the "Saka calendar" or "Saka Samvat," which serves official and legislative purposes and is used alongside the Gregorian calendar.
• This calendar was introduced by the Calendar Committee in 1957, chaired by Meghnad Saha.
• The Saka calendar begins with the vernal (Spring) equinox of 78 Common Era (CE), designates its era as Saka Era, and counts years in that era.
• Chaitra is the first month of the year, and Phalguna is the last, aligning with the solar agricultural cycles.
• Vasanta Season falls in Chaitra-Vaisakha.

Additional Information

• The months of the Indian National Calendar (Saka Samvat) are as follows:
• Chaitra (March 22 to April 21)
• Vaishakha (April 21 to May 22)
• Jyaistha (May 22 to June 22)
• Ashadha (June 22 to July 23)
• Shravana (July 23 to August 23)
• Bhadra (August 23 to September 23)
• Ashwin (September 23 to October 23)
• Kartika (October 23 to November 22)
• Agrahayana (November 22 to December 22)
• Pausha (December 22 to January 21)
• Magha (January 21 to February 20)
• Phalguna (February 20 to March 21)

The correct answer is Total product starts increase at diminishing rate.

Key Points

• It states that when the quantity of one factor of production is increased, while keeping all other factors constant, it will result in the decline of the marginal product of that factor.
• Law of variable proportion is also known as the Law of Proportionality. When the variable factor becomes more, it can lead to negative value of the marginal product.
• When variable factor is increased while keeping all other factors constant, the total product will increase initially at an increasing rate, next it will be increasing at a diminishing rate and eventually there will be decline in the rate of production.

Important Points

• In the case of the law of variable proportions, the point of inflexion is where Total Product stops increasing at the increasing rate and starts increasing at the decreasing rate.
• 
• The point ‘C’ where the total product stops rising at a diminishing rate is called the point of inflexion. The average product, however, will continue to rise even after the point of inflexion, as marginal product (though falling) exceeds its average product.

The correct answer is ​May 2021.

Key Points

• Cyclone Tauktae
• It was the first cyclonic storm of 2021 that emerged from the Arabian Sea.
• It hit southern Gujarat on 17 May 2021 and was classified as a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm (VSCS).
• It is a tropical cyclone, It has been named by Myanmar.
• It means 'gecko', a highly vocal lizard, in the Burmese language.

The correct answer is Circular path.

Key Points

 

The correct answer is 11.

Important Points

• The total number of Fundamental Duties provided by Article 51A of the Constitution of India is 11.
• Part IVA of the Indian Constitution deals with Fundamental Duties.
• There are 11 Fundamental duties.

Article 51A: Fundamental duties:

1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic, and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.
8. To develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
9. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement.
11. To provide opportunities for education by the parent the guardian, to his child, or a ward between the age of 6-14 years as the case may be.

Here the correct answer is Ziauddin Barani.

• The book 'Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi' was written by Ziauddin Barani.

Key Points

• Tarikh-i Firoz Shahi is a book on Indo-Persian historiography during the Delhi Sultanate period in India.
• It was written by Ziauddin Barani.
• Ziauddin Barani was a Muslim political thinker who lived during the reign of Muhammad bin Tughlaq and Firuz Shah Tughlaq.
• The book covers the data from the reign of Ghiyas ud din Balban to the first six years of the reign of Firoz Shah Tughluq.
• The book was completed in 1357 CE.
• Notable works of are Ziauddin Barani:
• Fatwa-i-Jahandari.
• Salvat-i-Kabir.
• Tarikh-i-Barmaki.
• Sana-i-Muhammadi.
• Lubbatul Tarikh.
• Inayat Nama-i-llahi.
• Maasir Saadat.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Alauddin Khilji.

Key Points.

• The title Sikandar-i-Sani (Alexander the Second) was adopted by Alauddin, whose original name was Ali Gurshap, and Delhi was declared as Dar-ul-Khilafa (Caliphate's Seat).
• Using the title Sikander Sani, Khalji minted coins.
• Though Sani is 'Second' in Arabic. In appreciation of his military achievement, the coin legend (Sikander - e - Sani) translates to 'The Second Alexander'.

Important Points

• Alauddin Khilji was the most powerful emperor of the Khilji dynasty that ruled the Delhi Sultanate on the subcontinent of India.
• The ninth sultan of Delhi's Mamluk dynasty was Ghiyas ud din Balban. Ghiyas ud Din was the Wazir of Nasiruddin Mahmud, the last Shamsi sultan.
• Between 1489 and 1517, Sikandar Lodi was the Sultan of Delhi. After the death of his father, Bahlul Lodi, in July 1489, he became the next ruler of the Lodi dynasty.
• Shams ud-Din Iltutmish was the third of the Mamluk kings who ruled the former Ghurid territories in northern India. He was Delhi's first Muslim sovereign to rule, and is thus considered the powerful founder of the Sultanate of Delhi.

The correct answer is 4.25%.

Key Points

• On the basis of an assessment of the current and evolving macroeconomic situation, the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) at its meeting on December 8, 2021 decided to:
• keep the policy repo rate under the liquidity adjustment facility (LAF) unchanged at 4.0 per cent.
• The reverse repo rate under the LAF remains unchanged at 3.35 per cent.
• The marginal standing facility (MSF) rate and the Bank Rate at 4.25 per cent.
• The MPC also decided to continue with the accommodative stance as long as
  

necessary to revive and sustain growth on a durable basis and continue to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on the economy, while ensuring that inflation remains within the target going forward.

The correct answer is Loktak.

Key Points

• Keibul Lamjao National Park is located in Manipur.
• It is World's only 'floating' sanctuary.
• Famous for:
• Sangai: Endemic and endangered subspecies of brow-antlered deer.
• Phumdis: Floating islands.
• Nearby lake: Loktak lake.

Important Points

• Keibul Lamjao National Park:
• The Keibul Lamjao National Park is a national park in the Bishnupur district of the state of Manipur.
• The only floating national park of its kind in the world, Keibul Lamjao National Park is a singular wetland ecosystem located on Loktak Lake.
• The Keibul Lamjao, the only floating national park in the world, is home to the last of the brow-antlered deer (Rucervus eldii eldii), one of the most endangered deer in the world.
• The rare sangai or dancing deer can be spotted here with relative ease.
• Besides, you can also see hog deer, wild boar, large Indian civet, jungle cat and otter, along with several migratory birds, which arrive here between the months of November and March as well as waterfowls.
• The national park is characterized by many floating decomposed plant materials locally called phumdis.
• To preserve the natural refuge of the endangered Manipur Eld's deer or brow-antlered deer (Cervus eldi eldi), or sangai also called the dancing deer, listed as an endangered species by IUCN, the park which was initially declared to be a sanctuary in 1966, was subsequently declared to be a national park in 1977 through a gazette notification.

The correct answer is British constitution.

Key Points

• Sources of the Constitution

Shortcut Trick

Assume Total Work = LCM(12, 15, 20) = 60 units.

Efficiency of 2(A + B + C) = Efficiency(A+B) + Efficiency(B+C) + Efficiency(C+A) = 5 + 4 + 3 = 12 units/day.

Efficiency of (A + B + C) = 12 ÷ 2 = 6 units/day.

Time taken by A, B, and C together = 60 ÷ 6 = 10 days.

∴ The correct answer is 10 days.

Alternate Method

Given:

Time taken by (A + B) = 12 days

Time taken by (B + C) = 15 days

Time taken by (C + A) = 20 days

Formula Used:

Efficiency = Total Work ÷ Time

Calculations:

⇒ Total Efficiency of 2(A + B + C) = 5 + 4 + 3 = 12

⇒ Efficiency of (A + B + C) = 12 ÷ 2 = 6

⇒ Days required for (A + B + C) = 60 ÷ 6 = 10 days

∴ The correct answer is 10 days.

Additional Information

Individual Efficiency Calculation

To find A's efficiency, subtract (B + C) from (A + B + C): 6 − 4 = 2. Similarly, B = 6 − 3 = 3 and C = 6 − 5 = 1.

Work and Time Relationship

Time is inversely proportional to efficiency. If efficiency doubles, the time required to complete the same work is halved.

Combined Rate Formula

For such cyclical pairs, 1/Time_total = 1/2 × (1/T₁ + 1/T₂ + 1/T₃).

Given : 

A car travels 60 KM in the first hour

And 40 KM in the second hour

Concept used:

Average speed = total distance / total time

Calculation:

Total distance travelled by the car = (60 + 40) = 100 km

Total time taken = (1 + 1) = 2 hr

So, average speed = 100/2 = 50 km/hr

∴ The correct answer is 50 km/hr

Given : 

Ravi sold an article for Rs. Sells for 1530

Loss of 15%

Calculation:

Let's assume that the CP of the article be k, then ATQ

⇒ k × 85/100 = 1530

⇒ k = (1530 × 100)/85

⇒ k = 1800

∴ The correct answer is 1800

Given : 

Radius of the top of the circular shape (r) = 20 CM.

Height of the cylinder (h) = 160 CM.

Formula used:

The outer surface area of the hemisphere = 2πr²

The curved surface area of the cylinder = 2πrh

where, r = Radius, and h = Height

Calculation:

The total surface area of ​​the bird bath pot equal to 

Curved surface area of the cylinder + Inner surface area of the hemisphere

The curved surface area of ​​the bird bath pot

⇒ 2πr² + 2πrh

⇒ 2 × π ×  202 + 2π × 20 × 160 

⇒ 6400π + 800π = 7200π cm2

∴ The correct answer is 7200 π cm2.

Shortcut Trick Distance gap at 4:00 am = 50 km/h × 1 hour = 50 km. Relative speed (same direction) = 75 − 50 = 25 km/h. Time to catch = Distance gap ÷ Relative speed = 50 ÷ 25 = 2 hours. Catch time = 4:00 am + 2 hours = 6:00 a.m. ∴ The correct answer is 6:00 a.m.

Alternate Method Given: Speed of the thief = 50 km/h Speed of the owner = 75 km/h Time difference (Head start) = 4:00 am − 3:00 am = 1 hour Formula Used: Distance = Speed × Time Time to catch = Initial distance gap ÷ Relative Speed

⇒ Distance covered by thief in 1 hour = 50 × 1 = 50 km. ⇒ Relative speed (Owner and Thief) = 75 − 50 = 25 km/h. ⇒ Time taken by owner to cover 50 km gap = 50 ÷ 25 = 2 hours. ⇒ Owner starts at 4:00 am, so he will catch the thief at = 4:00 am + 2 hours = 6:00 a.m. ∴ The correct answer is 6:00 a.m.

Additional Information Relative Speed in Same Direction When two objects move in the same direction with speeds u and v (u > v), the relative speed is (u − v). Relative Speed in Opposite Direction When two objects move toward each other or away from each other, the relative speed is (u + v). Catching Time Concept The time required to catch up is always calculated from the moment the second object starts moving. Unit Conversion To convert km/h to m/s, multiply the speed by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

Given : 

Surface area of sphere = 616 cm²

Concept used:

Surface area of sphere = 4 × π × r² 

Calculation:

According to the question,

⇒ 4 × π × r2 = 616

⇒ r2 =  616 × 7/22 × 1/4

⇒ r² = 49

⇒ r = √49

⇒ r = 7

∴ The correct answer is 7 cm

Shortcut Trick

For a closed cylinder, Total Surface Area = 2πr(r + h)

Radius (r) = 140 ÷ 2 = 70 cm = 0.7 m, Height (h) = 1 m

Area = 2 × (22/7) × 0.7 × (0.7 + 1)

Area = 44 × 0.1 × 1.7 = 7.48

∴ The correct answer is 7.48 m².

Alternate Method

Given:

Height of the closed cylindrical tank (h) = 1 m

Base diameter (d) = 140 cm = 1.4 m

⇒ Radius (r) = 1.4 ÷ 2 = 0.7 m

Formula Used:

Total Surface Area of a closed cylinder = 2πr(r + h)

Calculations:

⇒ Total Surface Area = 2 × (22/7) × 0.7 × (0.7 + 1)

⇒ Total Surface Area = 44 × 0.1 × 1.7

⇒ Total Surface Area = 4.4 × 1.7 = 7.48 m²

∴ The correct answer is 7.48 m².

Additional Information

Curved Surface Area (CSA) of a Cylinder

The area of the curved sides excluding the top and bottom circular bases. Formula: CSA = 2πrh.

Open vs Closed Cylinder

A closed cylinder includes both bases where TSA = 2πr(r + h), whereas an open cylinder has no top and its area is calculated as 2πrh + πr².

Volume of a Cylinder

The total space occupied by the cylinder. Formula: Volume = πr²h.

Given : 

Quantity of cement in 216 kg of the mixture is 84 kg.

Calculation:

The quantity of cement is 84 kg in the 216 kg mixture, then the quantity of sand = (216 - 84) = 132 kg

So, the quantity of sand is 132 kg in 216 kg of mixture 

Then, 231 kg of sand, the quantity of mixture will be = 216/132 × 231 = 378 kg

∴ The correct answer is 378 kg

Shortcut Trick

For a markup percentage a and discount percentage b, the overall profit or loss percentage can be calculated using the successive percentage change formula:

Net Change % = a + b + (a × b) ÷ 100

Here, a = +35 (Markup) and b = −20 (Discount).

⇒ Profit % = 35 − 20 + [35 × (−20)] ÷ 100

⇒ Profit % = 15 − 7 = 8%

∴ The correct answer is 8%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Markup % = 35%

Discount % = 20%

Formula Used:

Selling Price (SP) = Marked Price (MP) × (100 − Discount%) ÷ 100

Profit % = [(SP − CP) ÷ CP] × 100

Calculations:

⇒ Let the Cost Price (CP) of the bed sheet be 100.

⇒ Marked Price (MP) = 100 + 35% of 100 = 135

⇒ Selling Price (SP) = MP − 20% of MP

⇒ SP = 135 − (20 ÷ 100) × 135

⇒ SP = 135 − 27 = 108

⇒ Profit = SP − CP = 108 − 100 = 8

⇒ Profit % = (8 ÷ 100) × 100 = 8%

∴ The correct answer is 8%.

Additional Information

Marked Price & Discount

Discount is always calculated on the Marked Price (MP), never on the Cost Price (CP). Selling Price = MP − Discount.

Relation between CP and MP

A direct relation connecting CP and MP when profit % and discount % are given is: CP ÷ MP = (100 − Discount %) ÷ (100 + Profit %).

Successive Discount

If two successive discounts of d₁% and d₂% are given, the equivalent single discount is [d₁ + d₂ − (d₁ × d₂) ÷ 100]%.

Shortcut Trick

When squares of side x are cut from corners of a sheet L × W, the volume of the resulting tray is V = (L − 2x) × (W − 2x) × x.

Given: L = 15 cm, W = 10 cm, and x = 2 cm.

New dimensions: (15 − 4), (10 − 4), and 2.

⇒ Volume = 11 × 6 × 2 = 132 cm³.

∴ The correct answer is 132 cm³.

Alternate Method

Given:

Length of rectangular sheet = 15 cm

Width of rectangular sheet = 10 cm

Side of the square cut from each corner = 2 cm

When the corners are cut and the sides are folded up:

⇒ Length of the tray (l) = 15 − 2 − 2 = 11 cm

⇒ Width of the tray (w) = 10 − 2 − 2 = 6 cm

⇒ Depth (height) of the tray (h) = 2 cm

Formula Used:

Volume of a rectangular tray (Cuboid) = Length × Width × Height

⇒ Volume = l × w × h

⇒ Volume = 11 × 6 × 2

⇒ Volume = 66 × 2

⇒ Volume = 132 cm³

∴ The correct answer is 132 cm³.

Additional Information

Volume of a Cuboid

The space occupied by a three-dimensional rectangular object is given by Volume = Length × Breadth × Height.

Surface Area of an Open Tray

The total area of the sheet used to make the open tray is (l × w) + 2(l × h) + 2(w × h), which is also equal to the original sheet area minus the area of the 4 cut-out squares.

Diagonal of a Cuboid

The longest rod that can be placed in a cuboidal box is the diagonal, calculated as √(l² + w² + h²).

Given:

The ratio of the salaries of Ravi and Sarita is 3 ∶ 5.

If the salary of each is increased by ₹ 5,000, the new ratio becomes 29 ∶ 45.

Formula Used:

Initial salaries: R = 3x and S = 5x.

New salaries: R + 5000 and S + 5000.

New ratio: (R + 5000) / (S + 5000) = 29/45.

Calculation:

Substituting the values of R and S in the new ratio equation:

(3x + 5000) / (5x + 5000) = 29 / 45

Cross multiplying to solve for x:

⇒ 45 × (3x + 5000) = 29 × (5x + 5000)

⇒ 135x + 225000 = 145x + 145000

⇒ 145x - 135x = 225000 - 145000

⇒ 10x = 80000

⇒ x = 8000

Now, finding the current salary of Sarita:

S = 5x = 5 × 8000

S = 40000

The present salary of Sarita is ₹ 40,000.

Shortcut Trick 

Shortcut Trick

Distance covered by Train X in 1 hour (11 a.m. to 12 noon) = 65 km.

Remaining distance at 12 noon = 390 − 65 = 325 km.

Relative speed (opposite direction) = 65 + 35 = 100 km/h.

Time taken to meet after 12 noon = 325 ÷ 100 = 3.25 hours.

0.25 hours = 0.25 × 60 = 15 minutes. So, 3 hours 15 minutes after 12 noon.

∴ The correct answer is 3:15 p.m.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total Distance = 390 km

Speed of Train X (S₁) = 65 km/h (Starts at 11 a.m.)

Speed of Train Y (S₂) = 35 km/h (Starts at 12 noon)

Formula Used:

Distance = Speed × Time

Relative Speed (Opposite Direction) = S₁ + S₂

Calculations:

⇒ Distance covered by Train X before Train Y starts (1 hour) = 65 × 1 = 65 km

⇒ Remaining distance to be covered relatively = 390 − 65 = 325 km

⇒ Relative speed = 65 + 35 = 100 km/h

⇒ Time taken to meet = 325 ÷ 100 = 3.25 hours

⇒ 3.25 hours = 3 hours + (0.25 × 60) minutes = 3 hours 15 minutes

⇒ Meeting time = 12:00 noon + 3 hours 15 minutes = 3:15 p.m.

∴ The correct answer is 3:15 p.m.

Additional Information

Relative Speed Concept

When two objects move in opposite directions, their relative speed is the sum of their individual speeds (S₁ + S₂). When moving in the same direction, it is the difference (S₁ − S₂).

Meeting Time Calculation

Always calculate the distance covered by the first object until the second object starts moving to find the effective distance for relative speed application.

Average Speed

For a journey with two equal distances at speeds a and b, Average Speed = 2ab ÷ (a + b).

Given : 

Pipe A can fill an empty tank in 6 h and pipe B in 8 h.

Both the pipes are opened at the same time and pipe A is closed after 2 hours.

Calculation:

Total work = LCM of (6, 8) = 24 unit

Efficiency of pipe A = 24/6 = 4 unit and efficiency of pipe B = 24/8 = 3 unit

In the 1st two hours both pipes are opened, the work done = (4 + 3) × 2 = 14 unit

Remaining = (24 - 14) = 10 unit

Now, pipe B can do it in = 10/3 = (3\frac{1}{3}) hour

∴ The correct answer is (3\frac{1}{3}) hour

Given : 

P got 35% more votes then Q.

R got 25% more votes than Q.

Also P beats R by 1250 votes​.

Calculation:

Let's assume that  Q's vote count = x,

P's vote count =  1.35x and R's votes = 1.25x

We also know that P beats R by 1250 votes, then

⇒ 1.35x - 1.25x = 1250

⇒ 0.1x = 1250

⇒ x = 1250/0.1

⇒ x = 12500

So, Q got 12500 votes,

P got 1.35 × 12500 = 16875 votes

And R got 1.25 × 12500 = 15625 votes.

The total votes cast = 16875 + 12500 + 15625 = 45000 votes

Now, 80% of the voters voted, then

Total number of voters = 45000 / 0.80 = 56250

∴ The correct answer is 56250

Calculation : 

⇒ 2³ - 5⁰ = 8 - 1 - 7

∴ The correct answer is 7.

Given : 

P = Rs. 21300

Time = Rate 

SI = Rs.5325

Formula used : 

SI = (P × R × T)/100

Calculation : 

According to question,

Let the rate and time be x.

⇒ 5325 = (21300 × x²)/100

⇒ x² = 5325/213

⇒ x² = 25

⇒ x = + 5, - 5

∴ The correct answer is 5.

Shortcut Trick

Let the remainder in the first case be R₁ = 25.

When the number is doubled, the new remainder should be 2 × R₁ = 2 × 25 = 50.

However, the actual remainder is R₂ = 13.

The divisor (D) is the difference between the expected remainder and the actual remainder.

⇒ Divisor = (2 × R₁) − R₂ = 50 − 13 = 37.

∴ The correct answer is 37.

Alternate Method

Given:

Let the number be N and the divisor be D.

⇒ N = D × q + 25 (where q is the quotient)

Calculations:

⇒ 2N = 2(D × q + 25)

⇒ 2N = 2Dq + 50

Since 2N divided by D leaves a remainder of 13:

⇒ 50 = D × k + 13 (where k is some integer)

⇒ D × k = 50 − 13

⇒ D × k = 37

Since 37 is a prime number and the remainder (25) must be less than the divisor (D > 25):

⇒ D = 37

∴ The correct answer is 37.

Additional Information

Division Algorithm

Dividend = (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder. The remainder must always be 0 ≤ Remainder < Divisor.

Remainder Theorem Property

If a number N leaves remainder R when divided by D, then kN leaves the same remainder as kR divided by D.

Finding Divisor from Two Remainders

If N₁ leaves R₁ and N₂ leaves R₂, and (N₁+N₂) leaves R₃ when divided by D, then D = R₁ + R₂ − R₃.

Given : 

CP = 12% below its cost

SP = 12% above its cost

Calculation :

Let the CP be 100.

So, Real CP = 88

Real SP = 112

Profit = 112 - 88 = 24

⇒ 24/88 × 100 = 2400/88

⇒ 27.27%

∴ The correct answer is 27.27%.

Given:

The radius of the cone is equal to the radius of the hemisphere

The height of the cone is equal to the height of the hemisphere

Formula used:

The curved surface area of the hemisphere = 2πr2

The curved surface area of the Cone = πrl

l = √ (h2 + r2)

Where 'l' is a slant height

Calculations:

Let the radius of the cone is equal to the radius of the hemisphere be r.

So the height of the cone, h = r.

According to the question,

The ratio of the areas of curved surfaces of hemispheres and cone

⇒ 2π × r2 :  π × r × l

⇒  2π × r2 :  π × r × √ (r2 + r2)

⇒  2π × r2  :  π × r × √ (2r2)

⇒  2 : (\sqrt{2})

⇒  (\sqrt{2}) : 1

∴ The ratio of the areas of curved surfaces of hemisphere and cone is (\sqrt{2}) : 1.

Given :

Average of six consecutive numbers A, B, C, D, E and F is 62.

Formula used : 

Average = Sum of all observations/Number of observations

Calculation : 

Let the Numbers A, B, C, D, E, F be x, x + 1, x + 2, x + 3, x + 4, x + 5.

According to question,

⇒ x + x + 1 + x + 2 + x + 3 + x + 4 + x + 5 = 62 × 6

⇒ 6x + 15 = 372

⇒ 6x = 372 - 15 = 357

⇒ 6x = 357

⇒ x = 59.5

⇒ B = x  + 1 = 60.5

⇒ F = x + 5 = 64.5

Product of B and F = 60.5 × 64.5 = 3902.25

∴ The correct answer is 3902.25.

Given : 

P = Rs.8000

R = 20% per annum

Time = 6 months

Calculation : 

By applying ratio method,

Since time = 6 months.

Rate = 20% per annum

So for 6 months rate = 10% = 1/10

⇒ 10 = 8000

⇒ 1 = 800

Compound Interest = Amount - Principal = 11 - 10 = 1 

⇒ 1 = 800

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 800.

Formula used : 

Average = Sum of all observations/ Number of observations

Calculation : 

Average = (32 + 18 + 95 + 52 + 86)/5

⇒ 283/5 = 56.6

∴ The correct answer is 56.6.

Shortcut Trick

To find the count of numbers in a range, use integer division by subtracting the quotient of the lower limit from the upper limit.

Three-digit numbers range from 100 to 999.

Divisible by 3: (999 ÷ 3) − (99 ÷ 3) = 333 − 33 = 300

Divisible by 5: (999 ÷ 5) − (99 ÷ 5) = 199 − 19 = 180

Divisible by 15 (LCM of 3 and 5): (999 ÷ 15) − (99 ÷ 15) = 66 − 6 = 60

Total numbers = Divisible by 3 + Divisible by 5 − Divisible by 15 = 300 + 180 − 60 = 420

∴ The correct answer is 420.

Alternate Method

Given:

The set of three-digit numbers starts at 100 and ends at 999.

Formula Used:

Number of terms in an Arithmetic Progression (AP): n = [(Last Term − First Term) ÷ Common Difference] + 1

Inclusion-Exclusion Principle: n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B)

Calculations:

⇒ For numbers divisible by 3: Smallest three-digit number = 102, Largest = 999

⇒ n(3) = [(999 − 102) ÷ 3] + 1 = (897 ÷ 3) + 1 = 299 + 1 = 300

⇒ For numbers divisible by 5: Smallest three-digit number = 100, Largest = 995

⇒ n(5) = [(995 − 100) ÷ 5] + 1 = (895 ÷ 5) + 1 = 179 + 1 = 180

⇒ For numbers divisible by 15 (LCM of 3 and 5): Smallest three-digit number = 105, Largest = 990

⇒ n(15) = [(990 − 105) ÷ 15] + 1 = (885 ÷ 15) + 1 = 59 + 1 = 60

⇒ Total divisible by 3 or 5 = n(3) + n(5) − n(15)

⇒ Total numbers = 300 + 180 − 60 = 420

∴ The correct answer is 420.

Additional Information

Inclusion-Exclusion Principle

When finding the count of elements in the union of two sets, we add the counts of each set and subtract the count of their intersection to prevent double counting: n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B).

Arithmetic Progression Number of Terms

The total number of terms 'n' in an Arithmetic Progression is determined by: n = [(l − a) ÷ d] + 1, where 'l' is the last term, 'a' is the first term, and 'd' is the common difference.

LCM and Common Divisibility

If a number is divisible by two different co-prime numbers, it must also be divisible by their Least Common Multiple (LCM). For 3 and 5, the LCM is 15.

Given:

Let Meenu = x

Seenu = y = x - 4000

Total amount = Rs. 20,000

Calculation:

Meenu + Seenu = Rs. 20,000

X + Y = Rs. 20,000.

X + (X - 4000) = Rs. 20,000

2X = 24,000

X = 12,000

So, Meenu = 12,000 & Seenu = 8,000.

Meenu : Seenu = 12,000 : 8,000 = 3: 2

Therefore, the correct answer is 3 : 2.

Given :

Loser vote percentage = 40%

Winner vote percentage = 60%

Calculation : 

Let the total vote be 100.

No of votes of loser = 40

No of votes of winner = 60

Difference = 60 - 40 = 20 

⇒ 20 = 1000

⇒ 1 = 50

Total number of votes = 50 × 100 = 5000

∴ The correct answer is 5000.

The correct answer is "movies hence she".

Key Points

• The error lies in the part 'movies hence she' of the sentence.
• In the given sentence, "Rupa does not want to go to the movies" and the reason why is she "hates the smell of buttered popcorn".
• The usage of 'hence' is incorrect since it fails to properly link the two parts of the sentence.
• So, it must be replaced with the correct conjunction 'because'.
• Therefore, the correct answer is 'option 4'.
• The corrected sentence would be: "Rupa does not want to go to the movies because she hates the smell of buttered popcorn."

The correct answer is "Attain".

Key Points

• 'Achieve' means to successfully bring about or reach a desired objective, level, or result through effort, skill, or courage.(किसी उद्देश्य या परिणाम को सफलतापूर्वक प्राप्त करना) 
• Ex- In order to attain the highest level of proficiency in French, she dedicated countless hours to practicing the language.
• 'Attain' means to succeed in getting something, usually after a lot of effort.(बहुत प्रयास के बाद कुछ पाने में सफल होना) 
• Ex- Despite numerous hurdles, the team managed to achieve their goal of winning the championship this year.
• By referencing the above points, we can conclude that 'attain' is the synonym of 'achieve'.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

​ 

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• 'Make' is the process of creating or producing something.(किसी चीज़ को बनाने या उत्पादित करने की प्रक्रिया)
• 'Get' means receiving or acquiring something, without the connotation of a long-term effort or goal.(किसी प्रयास या लक्ष्य के अर्थ के बिना, कुछ प्राप्त करना)
• 'Prepare' means getting something ready or making it suitable for a particular purpose.(किसी चीज़ को तैयार करना)

The correct answer is "Menagerie".

Key Points

• 'Menagerie' is a collection of wild animals kept in captivity for exhibition.
• A menagerie could include various kinds of animals such as lions, tigers, bears, birds, and more.
• Ex- Jane's visited a vibrant menagerie, which is brimming with exotic birds, curious cats, and even a lounging lizard.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

 

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the meaning of other options.
• 'Hippodrome' is a stadium for horse and chariot racing.
• 'Abattoir' is a slaughterhouse where animals are killed for food.
• 'Infirmary' is a place in a large institution for the care of those who are ill.

The correct answer is "CDAB".

Key Points

• Sentence C is the best starting point for the paragraph because it introduces the broader topic of science's influence on human civilization. This general topic sets the stage for the more specific ideas that follow in other sentences.
• Sentence D logically follows Sentence C, expanding on the broader claim made by explaining one of the major impacts science has had on human civilization: the unveiling of the misery of human history. Here, we move from a more general impact of science to a specific impact.
• Sentence A is the next logical continuation of the discussion, linking the previous sentence (unveiling the misery of human history) to people's unwillingness to accept new ideas. The mention of 'these problems' refers to the 'misery of human history' discussed in the previous sentence, making it clear that this sentence should come next.
• Finally, Sentence B provides more detail about 'these people' mentioned in Sentence A, it specifies that they are intolerant of other people's thoughts and beliefs. This sentence builds on what has been discussed earlier and concludes the paragraph by specifying a key trait of the people responsible for the 'miseries' aforementioned.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

The correct answer is "Original".

Key Points

• ​'Copy' means a reproduction, replica, or duplicate of something, often created through the process of copying.(किसी चीज़ का पुनरुत्पादन, प्रतिकृति या डुप्लिकेट) 
• ​Ex- Priyanka made a copy of the document before sending it to her colleagues.
• 'Original' refers to something that is unique, innovative, or created without relying on existing ideas or imitating others.(कुछ ऐसा जो दूसरों की नकल किए बिना बनाया गया हो)
• ​Ex- The author published his original novel, which became an instant bestseller.
• ​By referencing the above points, we can conclude that 'original' is the antonym of 'copy'.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'option 2'.

 

Additional Information 

• Let's have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• Cliché- a phrase, expression, or idea that has been overused to the point where it has lost its originality and impact.(एक वाक्यांश, अभिव्यक्ति, या विचार जिसका इस हद तक अत्यधिक उपयोग किया गया है कि उसने अपनी मौलिकता और प्रभाव खो दिया है)
• Photo- an image captured using a camera or other photographic equipment(कैमरे या अन्य फोटोग्राफिक उपकरण का उपयोग करके ली गई छवि)
• Reference- a source of information used for consultation or verification(परामर्श या सत्यापन के लिए उपयोग की जाने वाली जानकारी का एक स्रोत)

The correct answer is "optimistic".

Key Points

• 'Sanguine' means having optimistic or positive expectations.(आशावादी या सकारात्मक उम्मीदें रखना)
• Ex- Despite facing setbacks, he remained sanguine about his chances of achieving success.
• 'Optimistic' means a positive or hopeful outlook on life or a particular situation.(जीवन या किसी विशेष स्थिति पर सकारात्मक या आशावादी दृष्टिकोण)
• Ex- Despite facing numerous challenges, she remained optimistic about the future and believed that things would eventually improve.
• By referencing the above points, we can conclude that 'optimistic' can substitute 'sanguine'.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'option 1'.

​ 

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• Doubtful- having uncertainty or skepticism about something.(किसी चीज़ के बारे में अनिश्चितता या संदेह होना)
• Dubious- the sense of being questionable or doubtful, often implying a suspicion of dishonesty or unreliability.(संदिग्ध भाव, जो अक्सर बेईमानी या अविश्वसनीयता का संदेह दर्शाता है)
• Pessimistic- to anticipate and emphasize negative outcomes, expecting the worst and lacking hope for positive outcomes.(नकारात्मक परिणामों की आशा करना और उन पर ज़ोर देना)

The correct answer is "BACD".

Key Points

• Sentence B is the best starting point for the paragraph because it sets the historical context and explains the longstanding tension between England and Spain.
• Sentence A provides more detail about the conflict, suggesting economic motives behind the rivalry. England's desire for a share of the wealth that Spain had is best understood in the conflict's context provided in sentence B.
• Sentence C explains how England sought to get a share of the wealth by raiding Spanish ships and towns, which was planned and executed under Elizabeth I's reign.
• Finally, Sentence D concludes the narrative by detailing the outcome of the strategy mentioned in Sentence C. Drake's raids helped achieve the goal listed in Sentence A -to get a share of the wealth Spain had been claiming in the Americas.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'option 3'.

The correct answer is "stationary".

Key Points

• 'Stationary' means something that is not moving or not changeable.(कोई ऐसी चीज़ जो गतिशील न हो या परिवर्तनशील न हो)
• The given sentence states that people in the olden days believed that the Earth was stationary(not moving).
• All the remaining options are incorrect spellings of the word 'stationary'.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'option 2'.

The correct answer is "Amplifi".

Key Points

• 'Amplifi' is the incorrectly spelt word.
• 'Amplify' is the correct spelling which means to increase or make something stronger, louder, or more powerful.(किसी चीज़ को मजबूत, तेज़ या अधिक शक्तिशाली बनाना या बढ़ाना)
• Ex- The rock band decided to amplify their sound with extra speakers, filling the whole concert hall with their music.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'option 4'.

 

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the meanings of the other options.
• Deceive- to cause someone to believe something that is not true, generally with the intention to trick or mislead.(धोखा देने के इरादे से किसी को किसी ऐसी बात पर विश्वास कराना जो सच नहीं है)
• Dignify- to make something seem worthy or impressive.(किसी चीज़ को योग्य या प्रभावशाली दिखाना)
• Receive- to getting or accepting something that has been sent or given to you.(कोई ऐसी चीज़ स्वीकार करना जो आपको भेजी या दी गई हो)

The correct answer is "Melancholy".

Key Points

• 'Melancholy' means a state of deep sadness, gloom, or unhappiness.(गहरी उदासी या उदासी की स्थिति)
• It also refers to a pensive sadness.
• Ex- After her pet dog passed away, she couldn't help but feel a sense of melancholy each time she passed by the empty doghouse in her yard.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'option 1'.

 

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• Estrangement- the state of being removed or kept at a distance either physically or emotionally.(शारीरिक या भावनात्मक रूप से दूर रखे जाने की अवस्था)
• Atrocity- a highly wicked or cruel act, typically one involving physical violence or injury.(क्रूर कृत्य, जिसमें आमतौर पर शारीरिक हिंसा शामिल होती है)
• Alienation- a state of being isolated or detached, often in an emotional, social, or legal sense.(भावनात्मक, सामाजिक या कानूनी अर्थ में अलग-थलग होने की स्थिति)

The correct answer is "profile".

Key Points

• 'Silhouette' refers to the dark outline or shape of an object or figure against a lighter background.(हल्के पृष्ठभूमि पर किसी वस्तु या आकृति की गहरी रूपरेखा या आकार)
• Ex- The artist painted a beautiful silhouette of a distant mountain range against the setting sun.
• 'Profile' refers to an outlined view or silhouette of an object or person seen from the side.(किसी वस्तु या व्यक्ति का किनारे से देखा गया रेखांकित दृश्य) 
• Ex- I checked his social media profile to learn more about his interests and hobbies.
• By referencing the above points, we can conclude that 'profile' is the synonym of 'silhouette'.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'option 4'.

​ 

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• Mugshot- It refers to a photograph taken by law enforcement when a person is arrested.(किसी व्यक्ति को गिरफ्तार किए जाने पर कानून प्रवर्तन द्वारा ली गई तस्वीर)
• Selfie- It refers to a photograph taken by oneself, typically with a smartphone or camera.(स्वयं द्वारा ली गई तस्वीर, आमतौर पर स्मार्टफोन या कैमरे से)
• Autograph- It refers to a person's handwritten signature, usually on an item such as a book or photograph.(किसी व्यक्ति का हस्तलिखित हस्ताक्षर)

The correct answer is "ADBC".

Key Points

• Sentence A is the best starting point for the paragraph as it sets the premise of the paragraph, describing life as a difficult journey, not easy or carefree.
• Sentence D extends the description from Sentence A. It complements the earlier metaphorical depiction of life as a bed of thorns by further stating that life is characterized by danger and difficulty.
• Sentence B logically follows from Sentence D. It suggests a solution or a response to the trials of life, stating that we need to surpass the dangers and difficulties to achieve success.
• Finally, Sentence C is the conclusion of the paragraph, offering a final piece of advice that links back to the earlier sentences. It provides a personal attribute, braveness, which is required to successfully overcome life's obstacles and reach success.
• Therefore, the correct answer is 'option 3'.

The correct answer is "ADCB".

Key Points

• Sentence A is the best starting point for the paragraph as it introduces the main topic of the paragraph, "Biophobia". It describes biophobia as a growing phenomenon, setting the foundation for the subsequent sentences. It also links biophobia with urban development, implying that there is a cause-and-effect relationship. Hence, this should be the first sentence of the paragraph.
• Sentence D flows naturally from 'A', as it elaborates on the implications of the growing phenomenon of biophobia. Stating how biophobia is proliferated through society and its harmful consequences for people’s physical and mental health, it logically continues the discussion initiated in Sentence 'A'. Therefore, sentence 'D' should be the second sentence of the paragraph.
• Sentence C comes next because it explains how the individual's biophobia, now broadly understood from the introduction and elaboration (sentences A and D), might impact broader societal issues - specifically conservation efforts. This makes 'C' a natural continuation to 'D', providing further extensions to the harmful consequences mentioned earlier.
• Lastly, Sentence B wraps up the paragraph effectively, taking the argument one step further by stating that the increase in biophobia could have detrimental effects not only on the individual and societal level (health and conservation efforts), but also on the larger ecological level, impacting wild ecosystems. Thus, sentence 'B' concludes the paragraph logically and effectively.
• Hence, the correct order is 'option 1'.

The correct answer is "Immediatly"

Key Points

• 'Immediatly' is the incorrectly spelt word.
• 'Immediately' is the correct spelling which means doing something right away, instantly, or within a very short period of time.(तुरंत, तुरंत या बहुत कम समय के भीतर कुछ करना)
• Ex- After hearing the fire alarm, the students immediately evacuated the building
• Hence, the correct answer is 'option 2'.

 

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the meanings of the other options.
• Immortal- It refers to living forever and not being subject to death or decay.(इसका तात्पर्य सदैव जीवित रहना और मृत्यु या क्षय के अधीन न होना है)
• Immense- something that is extremely large or great, especially in scale or degree.(कोई ऐसी चीज़ जो बहुत बड़ी या महान हो, विशेषकर पैमाने या डिग्री में)
• Immorality- the state or act of being immoral, which means not adhering to the accepted standards or principles of right and wrong behavior.(अनैतिक होने की अवस्था या कार्य, जिसका अर्थ है सही और गलत व्यवहार के स्वीकृत मानकों या सिद्धांतों का पालन न करना)

The correct answer is 'Anology'.

Key Points

• 'Anology'' is not a recognized English word, hence it is incorrectly spelled.
• 'Analogy' is the correct spelling which means a comparison between one thing and another, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification.(एक चीज़ और दूसरी चीज़ के बीच तुलना)
• ​Ex- Works of art were seen as an analogy for works of nature.
• ​Hence, the correct answer is ​'Option 1'.

​ 

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the other options.
• 'Amateur' is correctly spelled; it refers to an individual who engages in a pursuit, especially a sport, on an unpaid basis.(एक व्यक्ति जो अवैतनिक आधार पर किसी खोज में संलग्न होता है)
• 'Alimony' is also correctly spelled and refers to a legal obligation on a person to provide financial support to their spouse after marital separation or divorce.(किसी व्यक्ति पर वैवाहिक अलगाव या तलाक के बाद अपने जीवनसाथी को वित्तीय सहायता प्रदान करने का कानूनी दायित्व)
• 'Atrocity' is spelled correctly as well; it refers to an extremely wicked act, typically one involving physical violence or injury.(अत्यंत दुष्ट कृत्य, जिसमें शारीरिक हिंसा शामिल होती है)

The correct answer is "merciless".

Key Points

• 'Inexorable' means something impossible to stop or prevent.(किसी ऐसी चीज़ को रोकना या रोकना असंभव है)
• Ex- Oil companies are anxiously watching the seemingly inexorable decline in prices.
• 'Merciless' means showing no mercy or compassion to anyone.(किसी पर दया या करुणा न दिखाना) 
• ​Ex- The judge described the attack as savage and merciless.
• By referencing the above points, we can conclude that 'merciless' is the synonym of 'inexorable'.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'option 2'.​

​​

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the meaning of the remaining options.
• Consoling- providing comfort or solace to someone.(किसी को आराम या सांत्वना प्रदान करना)
• Impending- something about to happen, approaching, or looming.(कुछ घटित होने वाला, निकट आने वाला या निकट आने वाला)
• Gruesome- something causing horror or disgust.(भय या घृणा पैदा करने वाली कोई चीज़)

The correct answer is "Whose".

 Key Points

• 'Whose' is a pronoun that is used to link the attributes(in this case, 'skills') to a person(here, 'the computer programmer'). Hence, it is the appropriate choice.
• 'Whom' and 'who' are used to refer to people, but they cannot show possession, which is required in the given context.
• 'His' is a possessive pronoun that may signify the connection in gender-specific contexts but here the gender of the programmer is not specified.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 4'.

The correct answer is "Calligrapher".

Key Points

• 'Calligrapher' is a person who practices calligraphy, the art of writing beautifully with a special pen or brush. 
• ​Ex-
• ​Hence, the correct answer is 'option 2'.

The correct answer is "Bucket".

 Key Points

• 'Pail' is a cylindrical container with a handle, often used for carrying or storing things.(कंटेनर जिसका उपयोग अक्सर चीजों को ले जाने या भंडारण के लिए किया जाता है)
• Ex- Working in the hot summer sun, the farmer never left his house without his trusty water pail.
• 'Bucket' is a cylindrical open container, with a handle, used to hold and carry liquids or other material.(कंटेनर जिसका उपयोग तरल पदार् रखने और ले जाने के लिए किया जाता है) 
• Ex- There was a leak in the roof, so I placed a bucket under it to catch the drip.
• By referencing the above points, we can conclude that 'bucket' is the synonym of 'pail'.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'option 1'.

 

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the meaning of the remaining options:
• Bowl- a round, deep dish or container typically used to hold food or liquid, like soup or cereal.(कंटेनर जिसका उपयोग सूप या अनाज रखने के लिए किया जाता है।)
• Cannister- an often cylindrical container for holding a usually specified object or substance.(आमतौर पर निर्दिष्ट वस्तु या पदार्थ रखने के लिए कंटेनर)
• Glass- a container for drinking, typically made from glass material, and usually used for cold drinks.(पीने के लिए एक कंटेनर आमतौर पर ठंडे पेय के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है)

The correct answer is "Pedantic".

 Key Points

• 'Pedantic' refers to an excessive concern with minor details or rules.(छोटी-छोटी जानकारियों या नियमों को लेकर अत्यधिक चिंता)
• Ex- Neha's pedantic approach to explaining concepts often made the listeners lose interest quickly.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

​ 

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the meaning of the other options:
• 'Orthodox' refers to someone or something conventional or traditional.(कोई पारंपरिक या परंपरागत व्यक्ति या चीज़)
• 'Sanguine' means optimistically hopeful or confident.(आशावादी रूप से आशावान)
• 'Herculean' means extraordinarily powerful or difficult.(असाधारण रूप से शक्तिशाली या कठिन)

The correct answer is "The theme of first phase of paintings centres around Jataka Stories".

Key Points

• According to the passage, there are indeed two phases of Ajanta's painting. However, it was not stated that the first phase of the paintings centered around Jataka Stories. The text does specify that the paintings around Jataka stories, different incidents associated with the life of Buddha, and contemporary events and social life appeared in the second phase of the paintings that started around the fifth-sixth centuries AD.
• For the first phase, the passage only mentions that they date back to the second century BC and that the images of these paintings resemble the bas-relief sculpture of Sanchi and Bharhut.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

The correct answer is "between the mid-fifth century AD to the mid-sixth century AD".

Key Points

• The passage mentions that the boom of activities at Ajanta occurred during the specified time period, between the mid-fifth century AD and the mid-sixth century AD. The text does not indicate any signs of a significant increase in activity during the other provided time periods.
• For instance, it only mentions that in the eighth-ninth century AD, usage of the caves was indicated as per a solitary Rashtrakuta inscription, but it does not attribute a boom of activities to this period.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

The correct answer is "Ajanta Caves: A Journey through Time"

Key Points

• The passage describes the chronological history of the Ajanta caves from their conception to the time they were unearthed. It brings out the historical context of the paintings and the changing influences over different periods of time.
• This suggests a journey through time, making it the most fitting title among the options given.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

The correct answer is "a piece of artwork painted or applied directly on a wall".

Key Points

• The term 'mural' is specifically used to describe a piece of artwork that is painted or applied directly onto a wall, ceiling or other large permanent surfaces.
• The other options – a piece of artwork created using curved and diagonal lines, or made using stones and sand, or related to religious themes - while all could possibly be methods or themes of art, are not definitions of the term 'mural'.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 2'.

The correct answer is "Original".

Key Points

• "Imitation" refers to things that are not original but are created to look or act like something original.(ऐसी चीज़ें जो मौलिक नहीं हैं)
• Ex- The imitation done by the new actor in the play was worth praising
• "Original" refers to something that is the first or earliest of a kind or in existence.(कुछ ऐसा जो किसी प्रकार का पहला या सबसे पुराना या अस्तित्व में हो)
• Ex- The museum proudly displayed the original Van Gogh painting, attracting tourists from all over the globe
• By referencing the above points, we can conclude that 'original' is the antonym of 'imitation'.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 3'.

​ 

Additional Information

• Let's have a look at the meaning of the remaining options:
• Resemblance- the state or fact of being similar to someone or something else, especially in appearance.(किसी व्यक्ति या वस्तु के समान होने की अवस्था, विशेषकर दिखने में)
• Replication- the act of reproducing or copying something.(पुन: प्रस्तुत करने या कॉपी करने की क्रिया)
• Substitution-  the act of replacing someone or something with another.(पुन: प्रस्तुत करने या कॉपी करने की क्रिया)