BSF Constable (Tradesmen) 4 Dec 2022 Official Paper (Previous Year Paper)

• Shadows are formed when an opaque object comes in the path of light.
• In order to form a shadow, the object should be translucent or opaque.
• A transparent object cannot form a shadow since the light will pass straight through it.
• For example- when light falls on a tree, a shadow of the tree is formed.

• Vitamin C is used to purify water after it has been Iodine-treated.
• Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and ascorbate, is a vitamin found in various foods and sold as a dietary supplement.
• Vitamin C was discovered in 1912, isolated in 1928, and in 1933 was the first vitamin to be chemically produced.
• Foods containing vitamin C include citrus fruits, kiwifruit, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, raw bell peppers, and strawberries. Prolonged storage or cooking may reduce vitamin C content in foods.

The correct answer is Option 3 i.e. South Africa.

• BRICS is an association of 5 nations, which are Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.
• South Africa was not a part of it initially but joined in later in the year 2010.
• These nations account for 50% of the economic growth of the world.
• The BRICS Summit 2019 was held on 13-14 November 2019.
• The theme for the summit for 2019 was 'Economic Growth for an Innovative Future'.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e Ohm.

• Electrical Resistance's SI unit is ohm, represented by the Greek letter Ω.
• According to Ohm’s law,

               R = V/I 

• If the potential difference across the two ends of a conductor is 1 V and the current through it is 1 A, then the resistance R, of the conductor is 1 Ω.
• That is, 1 ohm =1 volt/1 ampere

The correct answer is 326 BC.

Key Points

• Alexander the Great was a king (basileus) of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.
• Alexander is considered one of history's most successful commanders.
• He invaded India in 326 BC during the period of Dhana Nanda.
• Alexander the Great died of malaria in Babylon (now Iraq), on June 13, 323 B.C.
• He was just 32 years old at the time of his death.

Kerala has the highest life expectancy at birth.

• Kerala has the highest life expectancy among the states in India, while Assam had the lowest.
• Life expectancy is defined as the average number of years that a person could expect to live.
• Kerala has a life expectancy at birth, at 74.9 years — 72 for men and 77.8 for women.
• Delhi is second, with an overall life expectancy at birth of 73.2 years, 72 for men and 74.7 for women.

The Portuguese were the first Europeans to come to India.

• Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese explorer was the first European to reach India on the Malabar coast through the Atlantic Ocean.
• He discovered the route to India through Cape of Good Hope in the year 1498.
• Later, the Portuguese established their trading settlements in Daman and Diu, Goa, and Cochin.

The correct answer is Palk Strait.

Key Points

The Strait that separates India and its neighbour Sri Lanka is the Palk Strait.

• It is situated between Tamil Nadu and the Mannar district in Sri Lanka.
• In India, it is bounded by Pamban Island in the south and Mannar Island in Sri Lanka.
• Its southwestern portion is also known as Palk Bay.
• Malacca Strait connects the Indonesian Island of Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula.
• Cook Strait separates the North and South Islands of New Zealand.

Babur was the first Mughal Emperor of the Mughal Empire.

• He was also the founder of the Mughal Empire.
• He was also known by the name Zahir-ud-din Muhammad.
• He was succeeded by Humayun.
• Akbar was the third ruler of the Mughal Empire.

Reliance Industries first touched a market capitalization of 8 trillion INR in the Indian stock market in August 2018.

• The stock gained 1.9% and closed at Rs 1,270, which valued the firm at Rs 8.05 trillion.
• Reliance Industries has crossed the 7 trillion capitalizations in July 2018.
• Tata Consultancy Services was the 7.8 trillion INR.

• Piyush Goyal was acting as Finance Minister on behalf the former Finance Minister Arun Jaitley who was unwell.
• Arun Jaitley headed India’s finance ministry between 2014 and 2019.
• Piyush Vedprakash Goyal is an Indian politician and the current Minister of Railways and Commerce in the Government of India.
• He is currently a Member of Parliament for Rajya Sabha from the state of Maharashtra and the Deputy Leader of Rajya Sabha.

• World Polio Day is observed across the world on 24^th October.
• The day highlights the importance of polio vaccination and also the measures to eradicate polio.
• Polio is a viral infectious disease which can cause breathing problems, paralysis. or even death.
• The theme for World Polio Day 2019 was Stories of Progress: Past and Present.

• Marie Curie was the first scientist to be awarded two Nobel Prizes.
• She was also one of the only 2 people to win the Nobel Prize in two different fields.
• She won the Physics Prize in the year 1903 with her husband.
• She then won it for Chemistry in the year 1911.
• Albert Einstein won Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.

The correct answer is 'Australia'.

Key Points The following features have been borrowed from the Constitution of Australia:

• Concurrent List
• Provisions regarding Trade, Commerce and Intercourse
• Language of Preamble
• Joint sitting of two houses of Parliament.

Thus, the correct answer is Australia.

Important Points

Let's have a look at borrowed features from other countries:

• United States of America
• ​Fundamental Rights
• Judicial Review
• Independence of judiciary
• Written Constitution
• Supreme Court (Organisation, its power, removal of Supreme Court and High court judges)
• The preamble of the constitution
• Vice-President (Post, Functions)
• United Kingdom
• ​Parliamentary form of government
• Bicameralism
• Rule of Law
• Office of CAG
• Single citizenship
• Law-making procedures
• Writs
• Canada
• ​Federal System
• Residuary powers with the centre
• Advisory jurisdiction of the supreme court

Kani tribes are nomadic people. They are indigenous to tropical forests of the Agasthyamalai hills of the Western Ghat.

• 18^th Asian Games were held in Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia.
• India finished at 8^th position in 18^th Asian Games.
• 15 Gold, 24 Silver and 30 Bronze = 69 Medals in total.
• Indian women hockey captain Rani Rampal was India’s flag-bearer at the closing ceremony.
• Mascots: Bhin Bhin (bird of paradise), Kaka (one-horned rhino) and Atung (deer).
• China stood first followed by Japan and the Republic of Korea.
• The next Asian Games (19^th edition)2022, are scheduled to take place at Hangzhou, China.

Concept:

Types of Soils Based on Size:

• Clayey Soil: It consists of very fine particles of clay. The water holding capacity of this soil is very high and due to this, it is very sticky. This soil is used to grow crops that require more water to grow like paddy. It is also used in making toys.
• Loamy Soil: It consists of sand, clay and slit. It has enough humus and good water holding capacity. This soil is good for cultivation, crops like wheat, sugarcane, cotton, pulses can grow easily.
• Sandy Soil: It consists mostly of sand and clay. the water-holding capacity of this soil is very low. This soil is not good for cultivation but if water is available we can grow maize, millets, barley and some fruits like melon and coconut.

Soils on the Basis of Their Colour:

• Black Soil: This is also known as black lava soil. This soil is black in colour and rich in clay and lava rocks. Crops suitable to grow in this are cotton, sugarcane, tobacco, millets, wheat and oilseeds.
• Red Soil: The colour of this soil is red due to the presence of iron oxide. This soil is not much fertile seems yellow when less iron and more water is present. Crops suitable for this are groundnuts, millets, pulses, cotton and tobacco.

Explanation:

• Black soil is of volcanic origin, black in colour and is also known as black cotton soil. They are ideal for growing cotton crops.
• They are found mainly in the plateaus of Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Malwa, southern Madhya Pradesh and in the south along the Godavari and Krishna Valleys.
• The characteristics of black soil are:-
• Clayey texture and are highly fertile
• Rich in calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash, and lime
• Poor in nitrogen and phosphorous
• Highly retentive of moisture, extremely compact and tenacious.

• Surbahar: Surbahar is a larger version of the sitar. The instrument was developed during the early years of the 19^th Century in India
• Annapurna Devi was a maestro in playing Surbahar. She was a recipient of the Padma Bhushan award.
• Rudra veena also is known as the bin (been), is the oldest styles of veena.
• This instrument is ba­si­cally a bamboo stick with two gourds at­ta­ched.
• Sarangi is a short-necked hollow-body instrument made of teak wood adorned with ivory inlays.
• Veena is called as 'The Queen of instruments' in classical music.
• Veena is four feet in length, consisting of a large resonator carved out of a single log of jackwood.

The correct answer is the Yamuna.

Key Points 

• The Taj Mahal is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the south bank of the Yamuna river in Agra.
• The Taj Mahal​
• It was commissioned in 1632 by the Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan.
• The tomb is the centerpiece of a 17-hectare (42-acre) complex, which includes a mosque and a guest house, and is set in formal gardens bounded on three sides by a crenelated wall.
• The Taj Mahal was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983.
• It is considered to be the best example of Mughal architecture and the symbol of the rich history of India.

Additional Information

• Other famous places in Agra are-
• Agra Fort
• Itimad-ud-daulah's Tomb
• Mehtab Bagh
• Akbar's Tomb
• Anguri Bagh
• Chini Ka Rauza

• The first practical light bulb was invented by Thomas Alva Edison.
• Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931) was an American inventor and businessman who has been described as America's greatest inventor.
• He developed many devices in fields such as electric power generation, mass communication, sound recording, and motion pictures.
• An incandescent light bulb globe is an electric light with a wire filament heated to such a high temperature that it glows with visible light (incandescence).
• The filament is protected from oxidation with a glass or fused quartz bulb that is filled with inert gas or a vacuum.

Additional Information

• Alexander Graham Bell is credited with inventing and patenting the first practical telephone.
• Galileo Galilei studied speed and velocity, gravity and free fall, the principle of relativity, inertia, projectile motion.
• Isaac Newton was a scientist who discovered the gravitation.

• Cobalt Oxide imparts Blue colour to the glass.
• The addition of oxides, sulfides, salts and other compounds of different metals to molten glass at the time of manufacture adds colour to the glass.
• The introduction of electrically charged ions which are evenly distributed in the glass during manufacture also gives the glass a characteristic colour.

• Repo Rate is an instrument of the monetary policy of the Reserve Bank of India.
• A repurchase agreement, also known as a repo, is a form of short-term borrowing, mainly in government securities.
• Monetary policy refers to the credit-control measures adopted by the central bank of a country.
• Repo rate is a powerful arm of the Indian monetary policy that can regulate the country’s money supply, inflation levels, and liquidity.
• Public Debt is how much a country owes to lenders outside of itself.

• Vedic religion was also known as Brahmanism.
• It is a form of Hinduism which revolves around ritual ideologies and mythic vision presented by the Vedas.
• Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama.
• Jainism was founded by Mahavira.
• Hedonism was founded by Aristippus. It is a philosophy which believes that pleasure and pain are the only things that matter to the physical wellbeing of a human being.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aristippus

• Apart from Mahatma Gandhi, Bhimrao Ambedkar was the other prominent personality to protest against untouchability in India.
• Babasaheb Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi were two of the most prominent personalities who protested against the untouchability in India.
• Gandhi had published three journals to support the underprivileged class, namely Harijan in English, Harijan Bandu in Gujarati and Harijan Sevak in Hindi. This led to the Harijan Movement in India.
• Babasaheb also pointed out that the principal problem of Indian society was the perennial fight between Buddhism and Brahmanism.

• The Yamuna river flows parallel to the river Ganga.
• It is the largest tributary of the river Ganga.
• It originates from the Yamunotri glacier in Uttarakhand.
• The Krishna river originates from Mahabaleshwar in Maharashtra.
• The Kaveri river originates from Talakaveri in Karnataka.
• The Brahmaputra river originates from Tibet.
• The Yamuna is 1376 Km long.
• The Brahmaputra is 2900 Km long and 918 Km of the river flows through India. The rest flows through Tibet and Bangladesh.

Given:- Number = 5132832

To find:- Divisibility of a number

Concept used:- Divisibility of 5, 6, 7 and 9

Calculation**:-** As we have to check the number whether it is divisible by 5, 6, 7, or 9 then we have to go by options,

Checking option- 1

Divisibility of 5, 

If the last number is either 0 or 5, the entire number is divisible by 5

Last digit of the given number is 2

Hence the given number is not divisible by 5.

Checking option- 2

Divisibility of 6 states that the number which is divisible by 2 and 3 is also divisible by 6

Since the number is even so it is divisible by 2

For a number to be divisible by 3, the sum of digit must have 3 as a multiple

⇒Sum = 5 +1+ 3 + 2 + 8 + 3 + 2 = 24

24 is divisible by 3 hence the number is also divisible by 3

⇒The number is divisible by 6

Checking option- 3

Divisibility of 7 states that twice the unit digit when subtracted from the remaining part then the outcome must be a multiple of 7

⇒513283 - 4 = 513279

On repeating this several times,

⇒51328 - 6 = 51322

⇒5132 - 4 = 5128

⇒512 - 16 = 496

⇒49 - 12 = 37

Since 37 is not a multiple of 7 hence the number is not divisible by 7

Checking option- 4

Divisibility of 9 states that if the sum of the digits of a number is divisible by 9 then the number is divisible by 9

⇒The sum of digit is 24 which is not divisible by 9 hence the number is not divisible by 9.

.·. The number is divisible by 6.

Shortcut Trick

Let the numbers be 20x and 20y (where x and y are co-prime).

Sum: 20(x + y) = 140 ⇒ x + y = 7

LCM: 20xy = 240 ⇒ xy = 12

Numbers with sum 7 and product 12 are 3 and 4.

Smaller number = 20 × 3 = 60.

∴ The correct answer is 60.

Alternate Method

Given: Sum of numbers (A + B) = 140, LCM = 240, HCF = 20.

Formula Used: Product of two numbers = HCF × LCM

⇒ A × B = 20 × 240 = 4800

⇒ We know (A − B)² = (A + B)² − 4AB

⇒ (A − B)² = (140)² − 4(4800)

⇒ (A − B)² = 19600 − 19200 = 400

⇒ A − B = √400 = 20

⇒ Adding (A + B = 140) and (A − B = 20): 2A = 160 ⇒ A = 80

⇒ Subtracting: 2B = 120 ⇒ B = 60

∴ The correct answer is 60.

Additional Information

HCF and LCM Property

For any two numbers a and b, the product of the numbers is always equal to the product of their HCF and LCM: a × b = HCF(a, b) × LCM(a, b).

Co-prime Relationship

If HCF of two numbers is h, then the numbers can be represented as hx and hy, where x and y are co-prime (HCF of x and y is 1).

LCM of Fractions

LCM of fractions = (LCM of numerators) ÷ (HCF of denominators).

Given:

\(1\frac{4}{11}÷\left { \left [\frac{11}{80}÷\frac{3}{4} \left ( \frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{3}× \frac{1}{5} \right )÷1\frac{5}{6} \right ]+\frac{9}{11} \right }\)

Concept used:

Calculation:

\(1\frac{4}{11}÷\left { \left [\frac{11}{80}÷\frac{3}{4} \left ( \frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{3}× \frac{1}{5} \right )÷1\frac{5}{6} \right ]+\frac{9}{11} \right } \)

⇒ \(\frac{15}{{11}}\) ÷ {[\(\frac{11}{{80}}\) ÷ \(\frac{3}{{4}}\)(\(\frac{1}{{4}}\) - \(\frac{1}{{3}}\) × \(\frac{1}{{5}}\)) ÷ \(\frac{11}{{6}}\)] + \(\frac{9}{{11}}\)}

⇒ \(\frac{15}{{11}}\) ÷ {[\(\frac{11}{{80}}\) ÷ \(\frac{3}{{4}}\)(\(\frac{1}{{4}}\) - \(\frac{1}{{15}}\)) ÷ \(\frac{11}{{6}}\)] + \(\frac{9}{{11}}\)}

⇒ \(\frac{15}{{11}}\) ÷ {[\(\frac{11}{{80}}\) ÷ \(\frac{3}{{4}}\)(\(\frac{15-4}{{60}}\)) ÷ \(\frac{11}{{6}}\)] + \(\frac{9}{{11}}\)}

⇒ \(\frac{15}{{11}}\) ÷ {[\(\frac{11}{{80}}\) ÷ \(\frac{11}{{80}}\) ÷ \(\frac{11}{{6}}\)] + \(\frac{9}{{11}}\)}

⇒ \(\frac{15}{{11}}\) ÷ {[\(\frac{11}{{80}}\) ÷ \(\frac{11}{{80}}\) ÷ \(\frac{11}{{6}}\)] + \(\frac{9}{{11}}\)}

⇒ \(\frac{15}{{11}}\) ÷ {[\(\frac{11}{{80}}\) × \(\frac{80}{{11}}\) ÷ \(\frac{11}{{6}}\)] + \(\frac{9}{{11}}\)}

⇒ \(\frac{15}{{11}}\) ÷ {[1 ÷ \(\frac{11}{{6}}\)] + \(\frac{9}{{11}}\)}

⇒ \(\frac{15}{{11}}\) ÷ {\(\frac{6}{{11}}\) + \(\frac{9}{{11}}\)}

⇒ \(\frac{15}{{11}}\) ÷ \(\frac{15}{{11}}\)

⇒ \(\frac{15}{{11}}\) × \(\frac{11}{{15}}\) = 1

∴ The required value is 1.

Shortcut Trick

Volume of cube = a³ = 81√3 cm³

⇒ a³ = 3⁴ × 3^1/2 = 3^4.5 = (3^1.5)³

⇒ Side a = 3√3 cm

Total Surface Area = 6a² = 6 × (3√3)² = 6 × 27 = 162 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 162 cm².

Alternate Method

Given: Volume of cube = 81√3 cm³

Formula Used: Volume of cube = a³ | Total Surface Area (TSA) = 6a²

Calculations:

⇒ a³ = 81√3

⇒ a³ = 27 × 3 × √3

⇒ a³ = 3³ × (√3)² × √3

⇒ a³ = 3³ × (√3)³

⇒ a = 3 × √3

⇒ a = 3√3 cm

⇒ Total Surface Area = 6 × (3√3)²

⇒ TSA = 6 × (9 × 3)

⇒ TSA = 6 × 27

⇒ TSA = 162 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 162 cm².

Additional Information

Cube Mensuration Formulas

Lateral Surface Area = 4a², Diagonal of a cube = a√3, and Volume = a³ where a is the side length.

Total Surface Area Concept

The total surface area is the sum of the areas of all 6 square faces of the cube, which is 6 × side².

Given:

Side (a) of rhombus = 13 cm 

Length of one diagonal (p) = 24 cm 

Formulas used:

a = (p² + q² )^1/2÷ 2

Area of rhombus = 1/2 × p × q

Calculation:

Let the other diagonal of rhombus = q 

⇒ (24² + q²)^1/2 ÷ 2 = 13

⇒ (576 + q²)^1/2 = 26

⇒ 576 + q² = (26)²

⇒ 676 - 576 = q²

⇒ q = √100 = 10 

Area = 1/2 × 24 × 10 = 120 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 120 cm².

Given:

Sides of right -angled triangle = 20√ 3 cm and 15√ 3 cm

Formula used:

Hypotenuse² = Perpendicular² + Base²

Perimeter of triangle = a + b + c

Calculation:

The height and base of a right angled- triangle be 20√ 3 cm and 15√ 3 cm respectively

For right angled triangle,

Hypotenuse² = Perpendicular² + Base²

⇒ Hypotenuse² = (20√3)² + (15√3)²

⇒ Hypotenuse² = (1200) + (675)

⇒ Hypotenuse² = 1875

⇒ Hypotenuse = 25√3

Perimeter of triangle = (20√3 + 15√3 + 25√3) cm

⇒ 60√3 cm

∴ Perimeter of triangle is 60√3 cm

Given:

PA = 10 cm

QA = 14 cm

AB = 16 cm

Concept used:

Pythagoras Theorem 

Distance between two centers divides the common chord into halves and is perpendicular to the common chord as well.

Calculation:

AR = RB = 16 ÷ 2 = 8 cm

AB is perpendicular to PQ. 

Hence, PQ divides AB in halves.

Now,

PR = \(\sqrt {10^2 - 8^2}\) = 6 cm

QR = \(\sqrt {14^2 - 8^2 }\) = 2√33 cm

Thus, PQ = (6 + 2√33) cm

∴ The distance between their centres is (6 + 2√33) cm.

Let the present age of Ravi and Shyam be 3r and 5r respectively

According to question,

3r + 5r = 32

⇒ 8r = 32

⇒ r = 4

So, their present ages are 12 and 20

Now, again according to question

(12 + x)/(20 + x) = 5/7

⇒ 84 + 7x = 100 + 5x

⇒ 2x = 16

∴ The value of x is 8

Concept Used:

a/b = c/d,

Where d is the fourth proportional of a, b, and c

Calculation:

Using the concept,

Let the fourth proportional be x

⇒ \(\frac{5}{8}\) = \(\frac{30}{x}\)

⇒ x = 6 × 8

⇒ x = 48

∴ Fourth proportional of 5, 8 and 30 is 48.

Let the number of boys and the number of girls are x and y respectively

According to question,

x + y = 10       ----(i)

And, 5x + 6y = 57       ----(ii)

On solving (ii) - 5 × (i), we get

(5x + 6y) - (5x + 5y) = 57 - 50

⇒ y = 7

From (i), we get

x + 7 = 10

⇒ x = 3

∴ Number of boys is 3

 Average sweets per children = 57/10 ⇒  5.7

By allegation method

The Ratio of Girls to boys = 7 : 3

The number of boys and girls be 7x and 3x 

Total number of Girls and Boys = 10

Number of Boys = 3x/10x × 10 = 3

Calculations:

⇒ 15/16 = 0.93

⇒ 19/20 = 0.95

⇒ 24/25 = 0.96

⇒ 34/35 = 0.97

∴ 15/16 is the smallest fraction. 

 LCM of 16, 20, 25 and 35 is 2800

Now, 2800 ÷ 16 = 175 and 175 × 15 = 2625

2800 ÷ 20 = 140 and 140 × 19 = 2660

2800 ÷ 25 = 112 and 112 × 24 = 2688

2800 ÷ 35 = 80 and 80 × 34 = 2720

Here, 2625 < 2660 < 2688 < 2720

The fraction corresponding to 2625 is 15/16

∴ 15/16 is the smallest fraction.

Given:

\(√{110\frac{1}{4}}\)

Concept used:

Square root: The square root of a number is the inverse operation of squaring a number. The square of a number is the value that is obtained when we multiply the number by itself.

Calculation:

\(√{110\frac{1}{4}} \)

⇒ \(√{(110+\frac{1}{4})}\)

⇒ \(√{(\frac{440+1}{4})}\)

⇒ √(\(\frac{441}{{4}}\))

⇒ \(\frac{21}{{2}}\) = 10.5

∴ The required answer is 10.5

Given:

x² = 256

Concept used:

Square root: A number that produces another particular number when it is multiplied by itself

Calculation:

x² = 256

x = √256

⇒ x = √(16 × 16)

⇒ x = 16

∴ The required value of x is 16.

GIVEN: 

Average of 4 consecutive even numbers = 27

FORMULA USED:

Average = (Sum of all observations)/Numbers of observations

CALCULATION:

Let four consecutive even number are x, x + 2, x + 4, x + 6

⇒ Average of 4 consecutive even numbers = 27

⇒ Average = (Sum of all observations)/Numbers of observations

⇒ (x + x + 2 + x + 4 + x + 6)/4 = 27

⇒ (4x + 12)/4 = 27

⇒ x + 3 = 27

⇒ x = 24

⇒ Four consecutive even number are 24, 26, 28, 30

∴ The largest of the four consecutive even numbers are 30

Given:

40% of 40% of x is 40

Calculation:

40% of 40% of x is 40

⇒ \(\frac{40}{{100}}\) × \(\frac{40}{{100}}\) × (x) = 40

⇒ \(\frac{2}{{5}}\) × \(\frac{2}{{5}}\) × (x) = 40

⇒ \(\frac{4x}{{25}}\) = 40

⇒ \(\frac{x}{{25}}\) = 10

⇒ x = (25 × 10) = 250

∴ The required value of x is 250.

Given:

Amount = Rs. 1500

Rate = 2% and Time = 3 years

Concept used:

SI = (P × R × T)/100

A = P + SI

SI = A - P

T = \(\frac{SI × 100}{{P × R}}\)

Where, P = Principal, R = Rate of interest, 

T = Time period, A = Amount, SI = Simple interest

Calculation:

According to the above concept,

A = P + SI

Initial amount = 1500/-, Principal

⇒ A = P + (P × R × T)/100

⇒ P(1 + \(\frac{R × T}{{100}}\)) = 1500    

⇒ P(1 + \(\frac{2 × 3}{{100}}\)) = 1500

⇒ P(1 + \(\frac{6}{{100}}\)) = 1500

⇒ P(1 + \(\frac{3}{{50}}\)) = 1500

⇒ P × \(\frac{53}{{50}}\) = 1500

⇒ \(\frac{53P}{{50}}\) = 1500

⇒ P = \(\frac{75000}{{53}}\)

Now, Final amount = 1800, Principal remains same

SI = Final amount - Principal 

⇒ SI = 1800 - \(\frac{75000}{{53}}\)

⇒ SI = (\(\frac{95400-75000}{{53}}\))

⇒ SI = \(\frac{20400}{{53}}\)

Now, T = \(\frac{SI × 100}{{P × R}}\)

⇒ T = \(\frac{20400 × 100\times 53}{{53 × 75000 \times 2}}\)

⇒ T = \(\frac{68}{{5}}\) = \(13\frac{3}{5}\)

∴ The required time is \(13\frac{3}{5}\).

Given:

Time taken by A to do the work = 15 days

Time taken by B to do the work = 30 days

B did that work for 5 days and he left the work.

Concept used:

Work = Efficiency × Time

Calculation:

LCM of 15 and 30 is 30

Efficiency of A = (\(\frac{30}{{15}}\)) = 2 units/day

Efficiency of B = (\(\frac{30}{{30}}\)) = 1 unit/day

Now, according to the question

A and B work together for 5 days, then B left = [5 × (2 + 1)] units 

⇒ (5 × 3) = 15 units

Remaining work = (30 - 15) units = 15 units

Now, the remaining work completed by A = (\(\frac{15}{{2}}\)) = \(7\frac{1}{2}\) days

∴ The required time is \(7\frac{1}{2}\) days.

Given:

The length of the bridge = 1200 m

Concept used:

If two men running in the opposite direction then their speeds are added.

Time = \(\frac{Distance}{{Speed}}\)

Calculation:

According to the above concept,

The speed of two men = (5 + 10) m/min = 15 m/min

Now, Time = \(\frac{Distance}{{Speed}}\)

⇒ Time = \(\frac{1200}{{15}}\) = 80 min

∴ The required time is 80 min.

Given:

The difference between the ages of Rahim and his uncle = 10 years

After 2 years, the sum of their ages = 66 years

Calculation:

Let the age of his Uncle be U years and Rahim be R years.

Now, according to the question

⇒ U - R = 10      -----(1)

After 2 years, the sum of their ages = 66 years

Age of Uncle after 2 years = (U + 2) years

Age of Rahim after 2 years = (R + 2) years

Their sum = (U + 2 + R + 2) = 66

⇒ U + R + 4 = 66

⇒ U + R = 62        ------(2)

Now, adding equations (1) and (2), we get

⇒ 2U = 72

⇒ U = 36 years

∴ The required age of his uncle is 36 years.

Shortcut Trick

Assume all 77 animals are goats (4 legs each).

Total legs = 77 × 4 = 308.

Difference in legs = 308 − 248 = 60.

Difference in legs per animal (Goat − Hen) = 4 − 2 = 2.

Number of hens = 60 ÷ 2 = 30.

∴ The correct answer is 30.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total heads = 77 | Total legs = 248

Let the number of hens be H and goats be G.

⇒ H + G = 77 --- (i)

⇒ 2H + 4G = 248 --- (ii)

Multiply equation (i) by 4:

⇒ 4H + 4G = 308 --- (iii)

Subtract equation (ii) from (iii):

⇒ (4H − 2H) + (4G − 4G) = 308 − 248

⇒ 2H = 60

⇒ H = 30

∴ The correct answer is 30.

Additional Information

Direct Formula for 4-legged animals

Number of 4-legged animals = (Total Legs ÷ 2) − Total Heads. For 2-legged animals, subtract this result from Total Heads.

Alligation Rule

The ratio of the number of animals is the inverse of the difference between their individual leg counts and the average leg count per head.

Given:

(x + 3) is a factor of a2 + 12x - 13

Concept used:

Factor theorem: A theorem that links factors and zeros of the polynomial.

Calculation:

Let f(x) = a2 + 12x - 13

Now, by factor theorem, if (x + 3) is a factor of f(x), then f(-3) = 0

⇒ a² + 12 × (-3) - 13 = 0

⇒ a² - 36 - 13 = 0

⇒ a² - 49 = 0

⇒ a² = 49

⇒ a = 7

∴ The required value of a is 7.

Given:

sin 60° cos 30° + tan 45° cos 60° sin 30° 

Concept used:

Calculation:

sin 60° cos 30° + tan 45° cos 60° sin 30° 

⇒ \(\frac{\sqrt3}{{2}}\) ×\(\frac{\sqrt3}{{2}}\) + 1 × \(\frac{1}{{2}}\) × \(\frac{1}{{2}}\)

⇒ \(\frac{3}{{4}}\) + \(\frac{1}{{4}}\)

⇒ \(\frac{4}{{4}}\) = 1

∴ The required value is 1.

Given:

\(\frac{\frac{3}{5}-\frac{1}{5}\ of\ \frac{1}{5}}{\frac{3}{5}\ of \ \frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}}\)

Concept used:

Calculation:

\(\frac{\frac{3}{5}-\frac{1}{5}\ of\ \frac{1}{5}}{\frac{3}{5}\ of \ \frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}}\)

⇒ \(\frac{\frac{3}{5}-\frac{1}{25}}{\frac{3}{25}+\frac{1}{5}}\)

⇒ (\(\frac{15-1}{{25}}\))/(\(\frac{3+5}{{25}}\))

⇒ \(\frac{14}{{25}}\)/\(\frac{8}{{25}}\)

⇒ \(\frac{14}{{25}}\) × \(\frac{25}{{8}}\) = \(\frac{7}{4}\)

∴ The required value is \(\frac{7}{4}\).

Calculation:

Five years ago, the average age of A,B,C and D was 45 years

⇒ Present average age of them = (45 + 5) = 50 years

Sum of present age of A, B, C and D = 50 × 4 = 200 years

Present average age of A, B, C, D and X is 49

⇒ Sum of present age of A, B, C, D and X is (49 × 5) = 245 years

Present age of X is (245 - 200) = 45 years

∴ The present age of X is  45 years.

Given:

The ratio of the areas of two squares = 9 : 1

Concept used:

Area of square = a²

Perimeter of square = 4a

Calculation:

Let the area of square be A₁ and A₂ respectively

Now, according to the question

\(\frac{Area of square(A_1)}{{Area of square(A_2)}} \) = \(\frac{a_1^2}{{a_2^2}}\) = \(\frac{9}{{1}}\)

⇒ \(\frac{a_1}{{a_2}}\)= √(\(\frac{9}{{1}}\))

⇒ \(\frac{a_1}{{a_2}}\)= \(\frac{3}{{1}}\)

Now, Perimeter of square is

⇒ \(\frac{Perimeter of square(1)}{{Perimeter of square(2)}} \) = \(\frac{4a_1}{{4a_2}}\) 

⇒ (\(\frac{4}{{4}}\) × \(\frac{3}{{1}}\)) = \(\frac{3}{{1}}\)

∴ The required ratio of their perimeters is 3 : 1.

The pattern followed here is:

Here, '25' is the wrong term.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)"

Given:

​46 : 48 :: 54 : ?

Logic: First number's[{(first digit) × (second digit)} × 2 = Second Number

In 46 : 48 →

⇒ 4 × 6 = 24 × 2 = 48

Similarly,

In 54 : ?

⇒ 5 × 4 = 20 × 2 = 40

Here, '54 : 40' is the correct pair as per the logic.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

The logic follows here is:

All the pairs are antonyms except "Arrive - Come".

"Arrive - Come" are the synonyms.

So, this is the odd one out.

Hence, the correct answer is "option (4)".

Table shows the positional values of alphabets

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

The logic followed here is:

• D is on the right of E.
• B is on the left of E but is on the right of A.
• D is on the left of C

Therefore, 'A' is at the extreme left.

Hence, "Option (4)" is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is :

The table shows the place value of the alphabet from A to Z.

As, 'ABASEMENT' is written as 'EECTEIBLS'

Similarly, 'ABANDONED' is coded as 

Therefore, the required code is 'EECODKKCC'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Clearly from the above figure we see that Vijay is 75 – 40 = 35 meters away from the starting position.

The cricket equipment are arranged from head to toe as following

The logic and meaningful order is :

2. Helmet
3. Chest Guard
4. Thigh guard
5. Shin pad
6. Shoes

Hence, "Option 1" is the correct answer.

Given:

2, 4, 12, 48, 240, 1444

The logic followed in the given series:

Here, 1440 is the wrong term as per the logic.

Hence, the correct answer is "1444".

The pattern followed in the given series is:

    Term × 2 + 1 = Next term

Hence, the correct answer is option (3).

The logic followed here is:

Each of the options are seas.

Dead Sea is a lake located in the Jordan Rift Valley.

Philippine Sea is a sea located in the Pacific ocean, near Philippines.

Arabian Sea is a sea located in the Indian Ocean.

Bering Sea is a sea located in the northern Pacific Ocean.

Hence, all the given options follow the logic except Option 1.

The logic followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

From the given information:

'÷' stands for 'subtraction'

'+' stands for 'multiplication'

'×' stands for 'addition'

'–' stands for 'division’

We substitute the values in the given options and solve the equation using BODMAS rule:

1. Given Equation:

245 × 55 ÷ 3 + 321 - 3 = 20

After changing symbols:

245 + 55 - 3 × 321 ÷ 3 = 20

245 + 55 - 3 × 107 = 20

245 + 55 - 321 = 20

300 - 321 = 20

-21 ≠ 20

Does not satisfy.

2. Given Equation:

920 - 10 × 5 + 131 ÷ 210 = 530

After changing symbols:

920 ÷ 10 + 5 × 131 - 210 = 530

92 + 5 × 131 - 210 = 530

92 + 655 - 210 = 530

747 - 210 = 530

537 ≠ 530 

Does not satisfy.

3. Given Equation:

860 - 86 + 25 ÷ 27 × 182 = 405

After changing symbols:

860 ÷ 86 × 25 - 27 + 182 = 405

10 × 25 - 27 + 182 = 405

250 - 27 + 182 = 405

250 + 155 = 405

405 = 405 

Satisfies.

4. Given Equation:

973 - 7 × 12 ÷ 17 + 4 = 85

After changing symbols:

973 ÷ 7 + 12 - 17 × 4 = 85

139 + 12 - 17 × 4 = 85

139 + 12 - 68 = 85

151 - 68 = 85

83 ≠ 85

Does not satisfy.

Hence the correct answer is option 3.

Seven people, P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V, are sitting in a straight row, facing the north

Step 1: Only two people sit to the right of U.

Step 2: Only two people sit to the left of R.

Step 3: Only two people sit between U and Q. 

Step 4: Only three people sit between R and V.

Step 5: T is not an immediate neighbour of U.

Step 6: S sits to the right of U.

According to the arrangement, S sits to the immediate right of U.

Hence, "Option 2" is the correct answer.

We consider each option:

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The image that completes the pattern is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Explanation:

The pattern followed in the given series is:

   The number of lines increases in every step and it moves left to right in the bottom.

   The partial circle moves left to right in the top and it moves clockwise.

   The ring moves clockwise.

Next step:

    The number of lines will be 5.

    The partial circle will be at left and face towards right.

    The ring will be at bottom left.

Now we consider the given options:

Option 1) The partial circle is placed incorrectly.

Option 2) The pattern is correct.

Option 3) The partial circle is placed incorrectly.

Option 4) The partial circle is placed incorrectly.

Hence the correct answer is option 2.

The logic followed here is:

• B is the mirror image of A.
• When the mirror is placed on the right side of A we get the mirror image of B.

​

Similarly,

When the mirror is placed on the right side of C we get the mirror image of D.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 2"

The opposite faces when the sheet is folded into a cube:

.

Opposite Faces:

37 → 41

43 → 53

47 → 59

Here, the opposite face of 47 is 59.

Hence, the correct answer is "59".

The correct order of the given words according to the English dictionary is:

3. Calcium
4. Calculate
5. Calendar
6. Carrot
7. Catalyst

So the correct order is 3, 4, 5, 2, 1.

Hence the correct answer is option 3)

The correct Venn diagram representation is :

⇒As cardiologist is one of the type of doctor, so it is part of doctor. Therefore all cardiologist should come in doctor.

⇒Some doctors are also teachers, therefore some cardiologist and other doctor can be professor.

Hence, "Option - (1)" is the correct answer.

Additional Information

1. Cardiologist is one of the categories of types of the doctors and also can be professor too.
2. Doctor is a profession of treating the patients and can be professor too.
3. Professor is some someone who teaches at college or universities.

Given:

I. Number of mango which are only fruit are 13 → True

The shaded part represents the number of mango which are only fruit.

So the number of mango which are only fruit are 13.

II. Number of potato which are neither fruit and nor mango are 5 → False

The shaded part represents the number of potato which are neither fruit and nor mango.

The number of potato which are neither fruit and nor mango are = 3

Hence, 'Only I’ statement is correct.

According to the given statements, the Venn diagram is:

Let's check the conclusions as:

1. No K are B → Follow: Since no S is B and all K are S. Thus, no K are B is true.

2. Some T are not S → Follow: Since no S is B and some B are T. Thus, some T are not S is true.

3. Some T are B → Follow: Since some B are T and so some T are B is true.

4. All B being K is a possibility → Unfollow: Since no S is B and all K is S. Thus, all B being K is not possible. This is not true.

Thus, only 4 does not follow.

Hence, the correct answer is 'option 4'.

So,

• Pointing towards the photograph of a lady, Varun said, "She is my father-in-law's son's only sister's mother-in-law" means Varun said 'She is my father-in-law's only daughter's mother-in-law' i.e. Varun said 'She is my wife's mother-in-law' i.e. Varun said 'She is my mother'.

​

As, it is clear from the family tree that the lady is the mother of Varun, thus Varun is the son of the lady.

Hence, "Son" is the correct answer.

Given:

Statement 1: Divya is taller than Viru.

Divya > Viru

Statement 2: Sneha is immediate shorter than Divya.

Divya > Sneha > Viru

Statement 3: Arvind is taller than Viru but shorter than sneha.

Divya > Sneha > Arvind > Viru

Conclusions:

1. Viru is taller than all of them → False (Viru is shorter than all of them).

2. Arvind is taller than Divya → False (Arvind is shorter than Divya).

3. Viru is taller than Sneha → False (Viru is shorter than Sneha).

4. Divya is taller than Arvind → True

Hence, “Option (4)” is the correct answer.

The correct answer is 'effectively conveyed'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the underlined idiom is effectively conveyed .
• Put across: communicate something effectively (किसी बात को प्रभावी ढंग से संप्रेषित करना).
• Example: Our group must put across its views and gain popular support.
• Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.
• Thus, the correct answer is effectively conveyed.

The correct answer is 'very talkative'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the underlined idiom is very talkative.
• Too fond of her own voice: to like talking a lot or too much, usually without wanting to listen to other people.
• Example: Akshita is too fond of her own voice.
• Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.
• Thus, the correct answer is very talkative.

The correct answer is 'to pretend grief'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate meaning of the underlined idiom is to pretend grief.
• To shed crocodile tears: to pretend to be sad or to sympathize with someone without really caring about them. 
• Example: I have never been one to shed crocodile tears over the loss of our shipbuilding industry.
• Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.
• Thus, the correct answer is to pretend grief.

The correct answer is "With warmth."

Key Points  

• The meaning of the proverb 'with open arms' is a friendly way that shows that you are pleased to see somebody or have something, with warmth. (प्रसन्‍नतापूर्वक, उत्‍साह के साथ)
• ​Example: The unions welcomed the government’s decision with open arms.
• ​Therefore, the most appropriate meaning of the given proverb is "With warmth."
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.

The correct answer is "Very rapidly."

Key Points 

• The meaning of the proverb 'by leaps and bounds' is with startlingly rapid progress. (आश्चर्यजनक तेजी से प्रगति के साथ)
• ​Example: School enrollment is increasing by leaps and bounds.
• ​Therefore, the most appropriate meaning of the given proverb is "Very rapidly."
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is 'mild'.

Key Points

• The word chronic is an adjective meaning used about a disease or a problem that continues for a long time. (रोग या समस्‍या) पुरानी, चिरकालिक, दीर्घकालिक
• Example: He suffers from chronic arthritis.
• The word that is nearly opposite to chronic is mild.
• The word mild means not strong.
• Thus, option 4 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct word is mild.

Additional Information

• Pathetic: causing you to feel pity or sadness दयनीय, करुणाजनक
• Continuing: without a break in continuity; ongoing. होते रहना; जारी रहना; लगातार बने रहना
• Characteristic: a quality that is typical of somebody/something and that makes him/her/it different from other people or things किसी व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु का विशिष्‍ट लक्षण जिसके कारण वह अन्‍य व्‍यक्तियों से भिन्‍न लगता है; अभिलक्षण; विशेषता

The correct answer is 'reveal'.

Key Points

• The word conceal is a verb meaning to hide something/somebody.
• Example: She tried to conceal her anger from her friend.
• The word that is nearly opposite to conceal is reveal.
• The word reveal means to make something known that was secret or unknown before.
• Thus, option 4 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct word is reveal.

Additional Information

• Explain: the thing or idea that something represents
• Show off: a person who tries to impress others by showing them how clever he/she is, or by showing them something he/she is proud of.
• Describe: to say what somebody/something is like, or what happened

The correct answer is 'toe'.

Key Points

• The word toe is a noun meaning one of the small parts like fingers at the end of each foot.
• Example: I accidentally stepped on her toe.
• Grammatically and contextually, the word toe fits in the blank.
• Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct word is toe.

Additional Information

• Two: a number.
• Too: more than is good, allowed, possible, etc.
• To: in the direction of; as far as

The correct answer is 'flour'.

Key Points

• The word flour is a noun meaning a very thin powder made from wheat or other grain and used for making bread, cakes, biscuits, etc.
• Example: All is flour that comes to his mill.
• Grammatically and contextually, the word flour fits in the blank.
• Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct word is flour.

Additional Information

• Floor: the flat surface that you walk on indoors
• Flora: all the plants growing in a particular area
• Flower: the coloured part of a plant or tree from which seeds or fruit grow

The correct answer is '​dear, deer, dear'.

Key Points

• The word dear is an adjective meaning used at the beginning of a letter before the name or title of the person you are writing to.
• Example: She was a very dear friend.
• The word deer is a noun meaning a large wild grass-eating animal.
• Example: There were deer and elk in the forest, too.
• Grammatically and contextually, the words dear, deer and dear fits in the respective blanks.
• Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct sentence is- "My dear deer is very dear."

The correct answer is 'aloofness'.

Key Points

• The word solitude is a noun meaning the state of being alone, especially when you find this pleasant.
• Example: She wished to work on her novel in solitude.
• The word that is most similar in meaning of solitude is aloofness.
• The aloofness means the quality or state of being aloof or emotionally distant.
• Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct word is aloofness.

The correct answer is 'enjoy'.

Key Points

• The word relish is a verb meaning to enjoy something or to look forward to something very much.
• Example: I don’t relish the prospect of getting up early tomorrow.
• The word that is most similar in meaning of relish is enjoy.
• The word enjoy means to get pleasure from something.
• Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct word is enjoy.

Additional Information

• Realise: to know and understand that something is true or that something has happened
• Taste: the particular quality of different foods or drinks that allows you to recognize them when you put them in your mouth; flavour
• Reveal: to make something known that was secret or unknown before

The correct answer is 'contemplated'.

Key Points

• The word envisage is a verb meaning to think of something as being possible in the future.
• Example: I can't envisage her coping with this job.
• Past tense: Envisaged
• The word that is most similar in meaning of envisaged is contemplated.
• The word contemplate means to think carefully about something or the possibility of doing something.
• Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct word is contemplated.

Additional Information

• Ensured: to make sure that something happens or is definite
• Idealised: to imagine or show somebody/something as being better than he/she/it really is
• Created: to cause something new to happen or exist

The correct answer is 'conclude'.

Key Points

• The word infer is a verb meaning to form an opinion or decide that something is true from the information you have.
• Example: I inferred from our conversation that he was unhappy with his job.
• The word that is most similar in meaning of infer is conclude.
• The word conclude means to form an opinion as the result of thought or study.
• Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct word is conclude.

Additional Information

• Suggest: to mention a plan or an idea that you have for somebody to discuss or consider
• Calculate: to find something out by using mathematics; to work something out
• Debate: general discussion about something expressing different opinions

The correct answer is 'disguise'.

Key Points

• The word Camouflage is a noun meaning the way in which an animal’s colour or shape matches its surroundings and makes it difficult to be spotted.
• Example: The polar bear’s white fur provides effective camouflage against the snow.
• The word that is most similar in meaning of camouflage is disguise.
• The word disguise means to change the appearance, sound, etc. of somebody/something so that people cannot recognize him/her/it.
• Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Therefore, the correct word is disguise.

Additional Information

• Fabric: the basic structure of a building or system
• Cover: to put something on or in front of something to hide or protect it
• Demonstrate: to show something clearly by giving proof

The correct answer is 'A trancelike state'.

Key Points

• The above passage is about 'Importance of hypnosis in the present world'.
• The word 'trance' means:
• a half-conscious state characterized by an absence of response to external stimuli, typically as induced by hypnosis or entered by a medium.
• ​Example: She put him into a light trance.
• Hypnosis is a trancelike state that resembles sleep but is induced by a person whose suggestions are readily accepted by the subject.
• ​​​Hence, option 1) clearly explains the meaning of 'Hypnosis'.

Additional Information 

• Hocus-Pocus: meaningless talk or activity, typically designed to trick someone or conceal the truth of a situation.
• ​Example: S**ome people still view psychology as a lot of hocus-pocus.
• ​Anesthesia: General loss of the senses of feeling, as pain, cold, touch, and other less common varieties of sensation.
• Example: The patient was given an injection to induce anesthesia.
• ​Autosuggestion: Suggestion arising from oneself, as the repetition of verbal messages as a means of changing behavior.
• Example: The autosuggestion tool guarantees that majority perspectives will be consistently privileged over others.  ​
• Modern-day hypnosis started in the late 18^th century and was made popular by Franz Mesmer, a German physician who became known as the father of 'modern hypnotism'.

The correct answer is 'Taking it seriously'.

Key Points

• The above passage is about 'Importance of hypnosis in the present world'.
• Reading the above passage we can deduce that hypnosis is now moving into the world of medicine.
• Hypnosis helps people to stop smoking, lose weight, overcome phobias, etc. that's why people are taking it seriously.
• Hence, 'taking it seriously' would be the correct answer.

Correct Answer: Taking it seriously. 

Additional Information 

• Modern-day hypnosis started in the late 18^th century and was made popular by Franz Mesmer, a German physician who became known as the father of 'modern hypnotism'.

The correct answer is 'To help people'. 

Key Points

• The above passage is about 'Importance of hypnosis in the present world'.
• The following is stated in the above passage: "The purpose is to help people stop smoking, lose weight, overcome phobias, and control pain in a variety of medical situations, from childbirth to cancer."
• This sentence talks about the purpose of hypnosis, which is to help people, essentially.

Correct Answer: To help people

Additional Information 

• Hypnotherapy is a type of alternative medicine in which hypnosis is used to create a state of focused attention and increased suggestibility during which positive suggestions and guided imagery are used to help individuals deal with a variety of concerns and issues*.*
• Modern-day hypnosis started in the late 18^th century and was made popular by Franz Mesmer, a German physician who became known as the father of 'modern hypnotism'.

The correct answer is 'To treat war neuroses'.

Key Points

• The above passage is about 'Importance of hypnosis in the present world'.
• The last paragraph of the given passage explains why German and British doctors treated the patients with the help of hypnosis.
• It clearly explains how during the world wars, hypnosis was used to treat war neuroses.

Correct Answer: To treat war neuroses

Additional Information 

• Modern-day hypnosis started in the late 18^th century and was made popular by Franz Mesmer, a German physician who became known as the father of 'modern hypnotism'.

The correct answer is 'Fear'.

Key Points

• The above passage is about 'Importance of hypnosis in the present world'.
• The word 'Phobia' means a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that leads to a compelling desire to avoid it.
• ​Example: The man had a phobia about flying.
• Hence, the correct answer would be 'Fear'.

Additional Information 

• Modern-day hypnosis started in the late 18^th century and was made popular by Franz Mesmer, a German physician who became known as the father of 'modern hypnotism'.

The correct answer is “when he go”

Key Points

• The part of the sentence that has an error is "when he go." 
• The correct form is "when he went," which is the past tense of the verb "go."
• "When he go" is the subordinating conjunction and the verb, which is in the present tense. This is incorrect, as the sentence is in the past tense, and the verb should be in the past tense as well.
• "The shark" is the subject of the sentence and is grammatically correct.
• "Deep into the sea" is a prepositional phrase that functions as an adverbial phrase to describe where the swimmer went, and it is grammatically correct.
• "Attacked the swimmer" is the main verb of the sentence and is grammatically correct.

Hence, the correct answer is “The shark attacked the swimmer when he went deep into the sea.”