WB Police constable (Prelims) 23 Sept 2018 Official Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The given series:

a _ ba _ b _ b _ a _ b

1. On replacing 'aabba' in blanks, we get:
   

aab / aab / bbb / aab (no pattern follows)

2. On replacing 'bbabb', we get:
   

abb / abb / abb / abb (pattern follows)

3. On replacing 'abbab' in blanks, we get:
   

aab / abb / bba / abb (no pattern follows)

4. On replacing 'abaab' in blanks, we get:
   

aab / abb / aba / abb (no pattern follows)

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Hence, 'bbabb' are the missing letters.

The family tree diagram for the given data:

The family tree diagram is as,

Hence, D is the brother-in-law of E.

Given:

The number is to be divisible by 315

Concept used:

Divisibility rule of 3:

A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of the digits is divisible by 3.

Calculation:

Let us take the LCM of 315 = 3 × 3 × 5 × 7

That means, the number must be divisible by 3.

Only option 2 = 99855 is divisible by 3.

99855 = 9 + 9 + 8 + 5 + 5 = 36 ← divisible by 3 

So, option 2 is the answer.

The correct answer is Samudragupta.

• Samudragupta was called the 'Napoleon of India'.

Key Points

• Samudragupta:
• He ruled from 335 AD to 380 AD.
• Samudragupta was the greatest king of the Gupta dynasty.
• The most detailed and authentic record of Samudragupta's reign is preserved in the Prayaga Prasasti/Allahabad pillar inscription, composed by his court poet Harisena.
• Samudragupta’s military campaigns justify the description of him as the Napoleon of India by V.A. Smith.
• He assumed titles such as Kaviraja Param Bhagavat Ashvamedha- parakrama Vikram Sarva-rajochchhetta only Gupta ruler had the title of Sarva-raj-ochchhetta.

Additional Information

• Skandagupta repulsed the ferocious Hunas’ attacks twice.
• The heroic deed entitled him the title Vikramaditya (Bhitari Stone Inscription).
• Chandragupta II was the son of Samudra Gupta and grandson of Chandragupta I.
• He assumed the title of Vikramaditya.
• Chandragupta I:
• He was the first Gupta ruler to assume the title of Maharajadhiraja.

The correct answer is 5.

• The number of permanent member countries of the Security Council of the United Nations is 5.

Key Points

United Nations:

• The UNO was formed on 24 October 1945.
• At present, 193 countries are members of the UN.
• The UN General Assembly has admitted South Sudan as its 193rd member.
• South Sudan is the first country to join the UN body since Montenegro in 2006, and the day was described by assembly president Joseph Deiss as a "historic and joyous moment".
• The UN Charter came into force on October 24, 1945, when the Governments of China, France, the UK, the Soviet Union, and the USA, and a majority of other counties ratified it.
• The headquarters of the UN is situated in New York (USA).

United Nations Security Council

• The main aim of the Security Council is the maintenance of international peace and security Security Council comprises five permanent members, namely China, the UK, Russia, France, and the USA, and 10 non-permanent members, elected for a term of 2 years by a two-thirds majority of the General Assembly, five non-permanent members retire every year.
• Retiring members cannot be reelected immediately.
• The headquarter of the Security Council is in New York.

The given figure:

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Starting from the fourth quadrant, the next number is obtained by multiplying the number by 3.

22 × 3 = 66

66 × 3 = 198

198 × 3 = 594

Hence, 22 is the missing number in the above figure.

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The codes are formed by replacing the letters with their position values as per the above table.

Z(26) → 26

N(14) + E(5) + T(20) → 39

Similarly,

N(14) + U(21) + T(20) → 55

Hence, 55 is the code for the word NUT.

The correct answer is FORTRAN.

• The first language of computers was FORTRAN.

Key Points

• Charles Babbage was the first person to conceive an automatic calculator or a computer in 1833.
• He is called the ‘Father of computers’.
• The credit for developing the first computer program goes to Lady Ada  Lovelace, a student of Babbage.
• FORTRAN:
• Formula Translation was the first computer language developed by IBM in 1957.
• It is used in engineering and scientific applications.
• The syntax is very rigid in FORTRAN.

Additional Information

• PASCAL:
• It was designed for teaching computer science and used on small computers and is better structured than BASIC.
• FOXPRO:
• It is an object-oriented programming language.
• COBOL stands for Common Business Oriented Language.
• It is a Business-Oriented Language.

The given sequence of letters:

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

On writing the letters in the reverse order, we get:

Z Y X W V U T S R Q P O N M L K J I H G F E D C B A

Clearly, 'K' is the 16th letter from the left and 'W' is the 12th letter to the left of 'K'.

Hence, 'W' is the 12th letter to the left of the 16th letter from the left end.

According to the question:

 

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Hence, '4' is the code for the word 'white'.

According to the question:

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Given: 18 - 6 ÷ 8 x 4 

After changing symbols:

18 + 6 - 8 ÷ 4

18 + 6 - 8 ​÷ 4

= 24 - 2

= 22

Hence, 22 is the answer of the given equation.

$\frac{(\frac{1}{2} ÷ \frac{1}{2} of \frac{1}{2})} {(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2} of \ \frac{1}{2}) } = ?$

(1/2 ÷ 1/2 of 1/2)/(1/2 + 1/2 of 1/2)  = ?

⇒ (1/2 ÷ 1/2 of 1/2)/​(1/2 + 1/2 of 1/2)  = ?

⇒ (1/2 ÷ 1/2 ×  1/2)/​(1/2 + 1/2 × 1/2)  = ?

⇒ (1/2 ÷ 1/4)/​(1/2 + 1/4)  = ?

⇒ (1/2 ×  4)/​(1/2 + 1/4)  = ?

⇒ (2)/ (3/4)  = ?

⇒ (2 × 4)/(3)  = ?

⇒ 8/3  = ?

⇒ $2{2 \over 3}$ = ?

When the minute hand covers 360 degrees the hour hand covers only 30 degrees.

$360/30 = 12/1$

Hence, the ratio of speeds of the hour hand and the minute hand is 1:12.

Formula used:

1. SI = PRT/100

Where P = Principal, R = Rate of interest, T = Time(In years)

2. Principal = Amount - SI

Calculation:

Money becomes 720 in 2 years and becomes 1020 in another 5 years

⇒ Interest in 5 years = (1020 - 720) = 300

⇒ Interest in 1 year = 300/5 = 60

⇒ Interest in 2 year = 60 × 2 = 120

Principal = 720 - 120 = 600

For 2 years, let the rate of interest be R%

P = 600, SI = 120 and T = 2 years

⇒ 120 = (600 × R × 2)/100

⇒ R = (120 × 100)/(600 × 2)

⇒ r = 10%

∴ The rate of interest is 10%.

Numbers between 1 and 100 and contain 4 as a digit with then are 4, 14, 24, 34, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 54, 64, 74, 84, and 94

Among the above numbers 4, 24, 40, 44, 48, 64 and 84 are divisible by 4

∴ Between 1 and 100 there are 7 such numbers which are divisible by 4 and contains 4 as a digit with them.

The correct answer is Tehreek-e-Insaaf.

• The Prime minister of Pakistan Imran Khan belongs to Tehreek-e-Insaaf.

Key Points

• Tehreek-e-Insaf political party was founded by Imran Khan in 1996 in Lahore.
• Its election symbol is a cricket bat.
• Shah Mehmood Qureshi is the vice-chairman of the party.
• Pakistan: (as of May 2022)
• Capital: Islamabad.
• Currency: Pakistani rupee.
• President: Dr Arif Alvi.
• Prime Minister: Shehbaz Sharif​

Additional Information

• Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was the founder of the Pakistan Peoples Party.
• Bilawal Bhutto Zardari is the current chairman.
• Abdul Wali Khan was the founder of the Awami National Party.
• Asfandyar Wali Khan is the current president.

The correct answer is Lactobacillus

• Lactobacillus bacteria are useful for the human body

Key Points

• lactobacillus help in the breakdown of food, absorbs nutrients.
• It also helps to fight off harmful organisms that might cause diseases such as diarrhea.
• It can be found in the digestive, urinary, and genital systems.
• It can also be found in some fermented foods like yogurt and in dietary supplements.
• Lactobacillus can also be for general digestion problems, a long-term disorder of the large intestines that causes stomach pain.

Additional Information 

• Streptococcus bacteria cause diseases like pneumonia and bloodstream infections.
• Staphylococcus bacteria cause skin infections.
• Salmonella causes diseases like salmonellosis.

The correct answer is 1930.

• The first FIFA World Cup was held in the year 1930.

Key Points

• Football:
• the first football club in the world ‘Sheffield Football Club’ was founded in the year 1857 in England.
• Football was introduced in India by the Britishers in the year 1848 as the first Football club in India was ‘Dalhousie Club’.
• The apex institution of football is the ‘Federation of International Football Association’ (FIFA), which was formed by seven countries on May 21, 1904.
• Football was included as a competitive game in the Olympic Games officially in 1908.
• India took part in the World Olympic Football Competition in 1948 in London.
• The first World Cup was organized in Uruguay in 1930.
• In India, Indian Football Association (IFA) organizes National Football Championship.
• The trophy awarded in their competition is called Santosh Trophy, Ranjit Trophy, etc.

The correct answer is the Cabinet Mission plan.

• Cabinet Mission plan gave a proposal of forming a Constituent Assembly.

Key Points

• Cabinet Mission Plan, 1946:
• In March 1946, Lord Attlee sent a Cabinet Mission to India consisting of three Cabinet Ministers, namely Lord Pethick Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps, and Mr A.V. Alexander.
• According to the Cabinet Mission Plan, there was to be a Union of India, comprising both British India and the States, and having jurisdiction over the subjects of Foreign Affairs, Defence, and Communication. All residuary powers were to be vested in Provinces and the States.
• The Union was to have an Executive and a Legislature consisting of representatives of the Provinces and the States.
• The Provinces could form groups with executives and legislatures, and each group could be responsible to determine the provincial subjects.
• India was too divided into three groups of provinces, Group A, Group B, and Group C.
• The plan provided that the Union Constitution was to be framed by a Constituent Assembly, its members were to be elected on a communal basis by the Provincial Legislative Assemblies and the representatives of the states joining the Union.

Additional Information

• Simon Commission came to India in 1928.
• Wavell Plan is also called the Shimla Plan.
• It took place in the year 1945.
• Cripps Mission came to India in March 1942.

Given:

The ratio of two numbers is 2: 3

When 8 added, then the ratio would become 3 : 4

Calculation:

old ratio =   2 ∶ 3 

                        ↓ 1 unit = 8  

new ratio = 3 ∶ 4

Then, the numbers are = 2 unit and 3 units

2 units = 2 × 8 = 16 

3 units = 3 × 8 = 24

∴ The numbers are 16 and 24.

Alternate Method

Let the initial ratio be 2x and 3x.

8 is added to each of the two numbers

∴ (2x + 8) / (3x + 8) = 3/4

⇒ 8x + 32 = 9x + 24

⇒ 8 = x

So the number are 2 × 8 = 16 and 3 × 8 = 24

The correct answer is Aravalli.

• Aravalli is the oldest mountain range of India.

Key Points

• Aravali Range
• Aravalis is one of the world’s oldest fold mountains running in the north-east to southeast direction from Delhi to Palampur in Gujarat.
• It expands in 3 states (Rajasthan, Haryana, Gujarat) and 1 union territory (New-Delhi).
• It is an example of a fold mountain.
• Guru Shikhar is the highest peak of Aravali.

Additional Information

• Vindhyan Range acts as a water-divide between the Ganga system and the river system of south India.
• The Eastern and the Western Ghats meet each other at the Nilgiri hills.
• It is located in Tamil Nadu.
• The Himalayas are young fold mountains of the tertiary period.

The correct answer is Ship.

• The unit Nautical mile per hour is used to measure the speed of the Ship.

Key Points

• Nautical Miles:
• It is based on the circumference of the planet Earth.
• A minute of arc out of 360  on the planet Earth is 1 nautical mile.
• It is also equal to one minute of latitude.
• The nautical mile per hour is called Knots.
• 1 knot = 1.15 miles per hour
• 1 knot=1.852 km/h

Key Points

• Speed:

• Distance travelled by the moving object in the unit time interval is called speed.

• It is a scalar quantity

• SI unit is metre/second (m/s).

• Velocity:

• The velocity of a moving object is defined as the displacement of the object in the unit time interval.

• It is a vector quantity.

• SI unit is metre/second.

Given:

Profit = Selling price of 4 articles

Items sold = 28 articles

Calculation:

Profit by selling 28 articles = Selling price of 4 articles

let selling price be SP and cost price be CP of one article.

P × 28 = SP × 4

SP/P = 28/4 = 7/1

SP - P = CP

So, CP/P = (7 - 1)/1 = 6

Profit percentage = P/CP × 100 = (1/6) × 100 = 16 (2/3)%.

∴ The gain percentage is 16 (2/3)%.

Given:

2 men and 7 boys can do a work in 4 days

4 men and 4 boys can do the same work in 3 days

Concept used:

work = time × efficiency

Calculation:

Let the efficiency of one boy be B and that of one man be M.

Then, Total work = (2M + 7B) × 4

Also, total work = (4M + 4B) × 3

Since both the work are equal, let us equate the work.

(2M + 7B) × 4  = (4M + 4B) × 3

8M + 28B = 12M + 12B

Or, 16B = 4M 

B∶ M = 1 ∶ 4

Let us take the efficiency of Boy and Man as x and 4x.

Then, time taken by 1 man to finish the work = work/efficiency

Work = (2 × 4x + 7 × x) × 4 = 60x

Efficiency of men will be 4x

Time taken = 60x/4x

∴ Time taken is 15 days.

Given:

The price of sugar is reduced by 20%

 Due to reduced sugar price = $2{1 \over 2}$ kg more sugar at Rs. 160.

Concept used:

quality = price × consumption

Calculation:

Let the price of the sugar be Rs x.

Reduced price = 80% of x 

Or, we can say that, with the 20% reduction, the money he saved was used to buy the extra 2(1/2) kg sugar for the same amount.

Or, reduced cost of 2(1/2) kg sugar = 20% × 160

 Reduced price of 1 kg sugar = 32 × 2/5 = 64/5

That is, 80% × x = 64/5

Or, x = 64/5 × 5/4 = Rs 16

∴ The actual price of the sugar is Rs 16.

The correct answer is Fishing Cat.

• Fishing Cat is the state symbol for West Bengal.

Key Points

• Fishing cat:
• Its Scientific name is Prionailurus viverrinus.
• It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
• 
• White-throated King Fisher is the state bird of West Bengal.
• Chatian is the state tree of West Bengal.
• Shephali is the state flower of West Bengal.

Additional Information

• The Giant Squirrel is the state animal of Maharashtra.

The correct answer is Gujarat.

• The 'Buland Darwaza' was built to commemorate Emperor Akbar's victory over Gujarat.

Key Points

• Architecture during Akbar's rule:
• Akbar’s time saw improvement in architecture.
• Akbar built Fatehpur Sikri, Agra Fort, Lahore Fort, Allahabad Fort, and Humayun’s Tomb in Delhi.
• A fusion of Indo-Persian style was seen in Humayun’s Tomb.
• In Agra Fort, importance was given to Gujarat and Bengal Architectural School.
• Fatehpur Sikri, the greatest creation of Akbar houses Diwan-i-Khas, Diwan-i-Am, Panch Mahal, Jodhabai’s Palace, Birbal’s Palace, Buland Darwaja, and the Tomb of Salim Chisti outside the enclosure.
• He won Gujarat in 1572. In order to commemorate his victory of Gujarat, Akbar built Buland Darwaza at Fatehpur Sikri.
• It formed the main entrance to Fatehpur Sikri.
• It is the Highest Gateway in India.

The correct answer is Indore.

Key Points

• Swachh Survekshan 2020:
• The report was launched by the Union Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs.
• Indore was ranked first among cities with a population of more than 10 lakh.
• It was followed by Surat and Navi Mumbai.
• Ambikapur, Chattisgarh was ranked among cities with a population of 1-10 lakh.
• It was followed by Mysore and New Delhi.

The correct answer is moves backward by one day.

• When a ship crosses the International Date Line from west to east, its time moves backward by one day.

Key Points

International Date Line (IDL):

• The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on the surface of the Earth, that runs from the north to the south pole and demarcates one calendar day from the next.
• It passes through the middle of the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180° longitude but it deviates at Aleutian Islands, Fiji, Samoa, and the Gilbert Islands.
• The International Dateline is on the opposite side of the Earth-Prime Meridian.
• A traveller crossing the International Date Line eastbound (i.e., from Japan to the USA) subtracts one day, or 24 hours so that the calendar date to the west of the line is repeated after the following midnight.
• Crossing the IDL westbound i.e from east to west results in 24 hours being added, advancing the calendar date by one day.

Important Points

• While the world is divided into 24 time zones, there has to be a place where there is a difference in days, somewhere the day truly “starts” on the planet. The 180° line of longitude is approximately where the International Date Line passes.
• The time at this longitude is exactly 12 hours from the 0° longitude, irrespective of one travels westward or eastward from the Prime Meridian. We know that time increases east of the Prime Meridian and decreases to its west. Hence, for a person moving east of the Prime Meridian, the time would be 12 hours less than the time at 0° longitude.
• For another person moving westward, the time would be 12 hours more than the Prime Meridian.
• For example, a person moving eastward on Tuesday will count the day as Monday once the International Date Line is crossed. Similarly, another person starting his journey on Wednesday, and moving westward will count the day as Thursday after crossing the line.

Confusion Points

• While moving eastward i.e. from west to east the calendar repeats by one day.

Given: 55 + 66 = 33,

5 + 6 = 11 → 11 × 3 = 33

In 22 + 99 = 33,

2 + 9 = 11 → 11 × 3 = 33

Similarly,

In 44 + 88,

4 + 8 = 12 → 12 × 3 = 36

Hence, 36 is the answer.

The correct answer is Michael Madhusudan Dutta.

• Michael Madhusudan Dutta translated the book 'Nil Darpan' authored by Dinabandhu Mitra into English.

Key Points

• Nil Darpan:
• Nil Darpan was written by Dinabandhu Mitra.
• It was originally written in Bengali.
• It is also known as Indigo Planters Mirror.
• It was translated into English by Michael Madhusudan Dutta.
• The actor-director-writer Girish Chandra Ghosh founded the National Theatre in 1872, the first Bengali professional company.
• He chose Nil Darpan as one of his acts and did performances in the North Indian cities of Delhi and Lucknow.

Additional Information

• Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay:
• Best known for the composition of the hymn Bande Mataram.
• His first novel was Durgeshnandini, published in 1864 and he started the journal Bangadarsan.
• Umesh Chandra Dutta was one of the associates of Brahmo Samaj.
• He was one of the founders of Sadharan Brahmo Samaj.

The given figure:

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Triangles = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. 7, (6,8), (2, 9), (1, 8, 7, 9, 5, 3), and (4, 8, 7, 9, 6, 2)

Hence, there are 11 triangles in the given figure.

A cockpit is the control unit of an aeroplane, similarly, a bridge is the control unit of a ship.

Rudder = A device used for steering the ship.

Stern = The aft-most part of the ship.

Deck = The permanent covering over a compartment or a hull of a ship.

Hence, 'bridge' will come in place of the question mark.

The correct answer is Bihar.

• Bihar was ruled by the 'Pal dynasty'.

Key Points

• Pal Dynasty:
• Pala dynasty ruled in Bihar and Bengal from the 8th to the 12th century.
• Its founder was Gopala.
• His successor was Dharmapala and he greatly expanded the Pala kingdom.
• Pala dynasty was a staunch follower of Mahayana and Tantric schools of Buddhism and created the environment for Buddhist monasteries including the Somapura Mahavihara.
• Govindapala was the last ruler of the Pala dynasty.
• During the time of Palas, classical Indian philosophy, literature, painting, and sculptures flourished
• They also patronized the great universities of Nalanda and Vikramashila.

The correct answer is J. L. Baird

• J. L. Baird invented the television.

Key Points

• John Logie Baird invented the television.
• In colored television, the three primary colors are used are blue, green, and red.
• Old television used to make the use of a Cathode ray tube.

Additional Information

• John Napier invented the Logarithm.
• William Shockley invented the Transistor.

Given:

R and S started their journey towards one another at 10 a.m.

Speed of R = 3 kmph

Speed of S = 4 kmph

Distnce between them = 17.5 km

Concept used:

Relative speed = R's speed + S's speed (as they are traveling towards each other)

Speed = distance/time

Calculation:

Speed = 3 + 4 = 7 kmph

Tim when they meet = distance/speed = 17.5/7 

Time = 2.5 hours from 10 am

∴ They will meet at 12 hour 30 mins.

The year 1984 is a leap year as it is divisible by 4. A leap year repeats itself after every 28 years.

1984 + 28 = 2012

Hence, the calendar of 2012 will be the same as that of 1984.

The correct answer is Hydrated Sodium carbonate.

• Washing soda is Hydrated Sodium carbonate.

Key Points

• Washing Soda:
• Its chemical name is sodium carbonate  (Na₂CO₃·10H₂O).
• It is used in glass, soap, and paper industries.
• It is also used in removing the permanent hardness of the water.

Additional Information

• Calcium carbonate:
• Its formula is CaCO_3.
• It is used as Lime and in toothpaste.
• Sodium chloride is the chemical name of common salt.
• Its formula is NaCl.
• Sodium bicarbonate:
• It is the chemical name of Baking soda.
  

Its formula is NaHCO₃

• It is used in Fire extinguishers, bakeries, reagents.

Solution:

∴ The value of a should be 5.

Given:

A tank gets filled in 5 hours

Due to a leak in the tank, it takes 6 hours for it to get filled

Concept used:

Work = Time × Efficiency

Calculation:

 

The efficiency of leak = efficiency of pipe + leak - efficiency of pipe 

Efficiency of leak = 6 - 5 = 1

Time taken by pipe to empty the tank = work/eff = 30/1

∴ In 30 hours the tank will be empty.

The correct answer is the Silly point.

• Silly point is used in Cricket.

Key Points

• The Silly Point in cricket is the position where the fielder stands in close vicinity of the batsman and is in danger of being hit.
• 
• Cricket:
• The first official cricket test match was played in the year 1877 between Australia and England in Melbourne.
• When some other countries started playing cricket, Imperial Cricket Conference was formed in 1909, which gave birth to International Cricket Conference in 1956.
• The First One Day International cricket match was played in the year 1971 between England and Australia in Melbourne.
• The first World Cup of one-day matches was played in 1975 in London.
• The apex institution of world cricket is the ‘International Cricket Council’ (ICC) and its headquarters are in Dubai.
• The ICC was founded in 1909.
• The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) was formed in 1928.
• Terms used in Cricket are Maiden Over, Follow-on, Rubber, Ashes, Catch, Bowled, Stump Out, Run Out, L.B.W. Hit Wicket, Not out, No ball, Wide ball, Dead ball, Overthrow, Bye, Leg bye, Cover drive, Late cut, Hook, Glance, Stroke, Spot, Pull, Sixer, Followthrough, Turn, Googley, Spin, Yorker, Bouncer, Hat trick, Round the wicket, Over the wicket, Seamer, Boundry line, Slip, Square leg, Runner. Cover, Gully, Long on, Silly point, Midwicket, Mid on, Forward short leg, Deep/mid-wicket, etc.
• Trophies associated with cricket:
• Moinuddaula Gold Cup
• C.K. Naidu Trophy
• Deodhar Trophy
• Duleep Trophy
• Rani Jhansi Trophy
• Ranjit Trophy

Additional Information

• Hockey: Bully Sudden death, Short corner, Hat trick, Goal, Penalty Corner, Penalty stroke, pushing.
• Weightlifting: Snatch, Jerk.

The given figure:

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In the first figure, there is one line (reference point), in the second figure there are two lines, in the third figure there are three lines and so on. Also, in the second figure, one line is added to the right of the reference line. In the third figure, a line is added to the left of the reference line. Again, in the fourth figure, a line is added to the right of the reference line. Thus, in the answer figure with five lines and the fifth line will be added towards the left of the reference line.

Hence, the figure in option (2) is the answer figure.

Given:

The man takes 4 minutes to cross the river in still water and takes 5 minutes in upstream.

The river is 100 meters wide.

Concept Used:

Upstream speed = Speed in still water - speed of the stream

Calculation:

A man wants to cross a river perpendicularly so to reach perpendicularly he has to move (swim) at an angle with the river bank against the river (upstream) to reach the other end perpendicularly.

Speed of the man in still water = 100/4 = 25 meter/minute

Upstream speed = 100/5 = 20 meter/minute

Let, the speed of the stream is x meter/minute

Accordingly,

20 = 25 - x

⇒ x = 5

The speed of the stream is 5 meters/minute

⇒ 5 × 60 meters/hour

⇒ 300 meter/hour

∴ The speed of the stream is 300 m/hours

The correct answer is Zagreb.

• It is the capital of Croatia.

Key Points

• Croatia:
• Capital: Zagreb
• Currency: Kuna
• President: Zoran Milanović
• Croatia is a member country of the European Union since 2013.
• The Croatian flag is called Zastava Hrvatske.
• 

Additional Information

• La Paz is the capital of Bolivia.
• President: Luis Arce
• Helsinki is the capital of Finland.
• President: Sauli Niinistö
• Tirana is the capital of Albania.
• President: Ilir Meta

The correct answer is Kali Prasanna Singha.

• The pseudonym 'Hutom Pyancha' belongs to Kali Prasanna Singha.

Key Points

• Kali Prasanna Singha was a Bengali writer of the nineteenth-century.
• He also translated the epic Mahabharata in Bangla.
• Hutom Pyancha means 'The Owl'.
• At the age of 13, he established the Vidyotsahini Sabha.
• He edited magazines such as Sarbatattva Prakashika, Bibidartha Sangraha, Paridarshak, etc.
• He wrote books like Babu (1854), Vikramorbashi (1857), Savitri-Satyaban (1858), and Malati-Madhab.
• His satirical novel was called Hutom Pnyachar Naksha.

Additional Information

• Timothy Penpoem was the pen name of Michael Madhusudan Dutt.
• Michael Madhusudan Dutt translated The Nil Darpan into English.
• Som Prakash was started by Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar.
• Nyarha was the pen name of Sarat Chandra Chatterjee.
• He wrote books like Path Ke Davedar, Chandranath, Majhli Didi and Grihadaha

The correct answer is Antarctica.

• The permanent research station of India 'Dakshin Gangotri' is situated in Antarctica

Key Points

• The Indian Antarctic Program was established in 1981 under the aegis of the Government of India, Ministry of Earth Sciences, and the National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research.
• In 1983, India became a signatory of the Antarctic Treaty.
• In 1983, India's permanent research base on the continent was commissioned and was named Dakshin Gangotri.
• In 1989, India's second base Maitri was also commissioned.

Additional Information

• Himadri is India's research base in the Arctic located at the International Arctic Research base.

Given:

The ratio of 2 sides of a rectangular field is 3 : 4

Area = 7500 sq. m

Cost of fencing = 2.5/sq. m

Concept used:

Area of rectange = L × B

Perimeter = 2 × (L + B)

Calculation:

Let the length and breadth of the rectangle be 4x and 3x respectively.

Area = 3x × 4x = 7500 

Or, x = √(7500/12) = 25

So, cost of fencing the field = 2.5 × perimeter = 2.5 × 2 × (3x + 4x)

Cost = 5 × 7 × 25 = Rs 855.

∴ The cost is Rs 875.

The correct answer is Benzoic Acid.

• Benzoic Acid is extensively used for food preservation.

Key Points

• Its formula is C6H5COOH.
• Because of its antimicrobial preservative action, it is most suitable for foods, fruit juices, and soft drinks that are naturally in an acidic pH range.
• It is also used in the form of sodium salt called sodium benzoate.

 

Additional Information

• Acetic acid:
• Its formula is CH₃COOH.
• It is found in Vinegar
• Acetic Acid is used as a flavoring agent and food preservative.
• Tartaric Acid:
• Its formula is C₄H₆O₆.
• It is found in grapes and tamarinds.
• Uses of Tartaric acid
• Souring agent for pickles.
• A component of baking powder (sodium bicarbonate + tartaric acid).
• Sodium bicarbonate:
• It is the chemical name of Baking soda.
  

Its formula is NaHCO3

• It is used in Fire extinguishers, bakery, reagent.

The correct answer is Pingali Venkaiya.

• Pingali Venkaiya designed the Indian national flag.

Key Points

• National Flag:
• The national flag is a horizontal tricolor of deep saffron at the top, white in the middle, and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion.
• Saffron stands for courage.
• White stands for truth and purity.
• Green is the symbol of life, abundance, and prosperity.
• The ratio of the width of the flag to its length is 2:3.
• Its design is that of the wheel which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka.
• Its diameter approximates the width of the white band and it has 24 spokes.
• The design was given by Pingali Venkaiya.
• The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 22 July 1947.

Additional Information

• It is our Fundamental Duty to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
• The song Vande Mataram, composed in Sanskrit by Bankim Chandra Chatterji, is our National Song.
• The National Song is taken from Bankim Chandra Chatterji’s novel Anandmath, published in 1882.
• Annie Besant founded newspapers like New India and Commonweal.

Given:

 0.36 parts of property cost Rs. 14,400

Calculation:

0.36 part of total property = 36/100 part of total property

Total property = 14400 × (100/36) = Rs 40,000

∴ Total property cost Rs 40,000.

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The code is formed by replacing the letters of the word with the letters that opposite to them as per the above table.

BEAUTY → YVZFGB

Similarly,

Hence, XSZIN is the code for the word CHARM.

The correct answer is North Korea & South Korea.

• The 38th parallel divides North Korea & South Korea.

Key Points

• 38th parallel is a name given to latitude 38° N which demarcates North Korea and South Korea.
• The line was demarcated by U.S. military planners at the Potsdam Conference in 1945 when World War II was near the end.

Additional Information

• Radcliffe Line demarcates the boundary between India and Pakistan.
• Macmahon Line demarcates the boundary between India and China.
• Durand Line is the line demarcating the boundaries of Pakistan and Afghanistan.
• Hindenburg Line is the boundary dividing Germany and Poland.
• 17th Parallel defined the boundary between North Vietnam and South Vietnam.
• 49th Parallel is the boundary between USA and Canada.

The correct answer is Ruble.

• The ruble is the currency of Russia.

Key Points

• Russia:
• Capital: Moscow
• Currency: Ruble
• President: Vladimir Putin

Additional Information

• The Russian Revolution took place in the year 1917.
• It is the biggest country as per the geographical area.
• The euro is the currency of the European Union.
• ​There are 27 countries in the European Union.
• Kina is the currency of Papua New Guinea.
• Capital: Port Moresby
• The rial is the currency of Iran.
• Capital: Tehran

The person first turned 100º in the clockwise direction and then he turned 145º in the anti-clockwise direction.

The effective change = 145 - 100 = 45º in the anti-clockwise direction.

Clearly, the person is facing the north-east direction.

The correct answer is Growing plants without soil.

• Hydroponics is a Latin word that means working water.
• Hydroponics is a method of horticulture in which plants and crops are grown without soil, by using mineral nutrient solutions in an aqueous solvent.

Key Points

• Plants grow using a process called photosynthesis, in which they use sunlight and a chemical inside their leaves called chlorophyll to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
• The reaction is given by the following equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6+ 6O2
• So ultimately plant requires nutrients and sunlight.
• The required nutrients are added to water and the plants are grown without soil.
• This process uses minimal space, 90% less water than traditional agriculture and gives out the produce in half the time.

Additional Information

• Evapotranspiration: The term signifies total loss of water (moisture) from the soil in the form of water vapour, including that lost by evaporation from open water bodies, the surface of rocks, and also that lost by transpiration from growing plants.
• Marshall Nirenberg, Hargobind Khorana and Severo Ochoa isolated the genetic code.
• Compounds of hydrogen are called hydrides.

The given series: GH, JL, NQ, SW, YD, ?

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Clearly, FL will be the next term in the series.

The correct answer is Hooghly.

• The first printing press was established at Hooghly in Bengal.

Key Points

• In 1816, with the support of the Marquis of Hastings (then governor-general), Butterworth Bailey, William Carey, and others, the Calcutta Book Society was founded.
• The first printing press in Bengal was that of Mr Andrews at Hooghly in 1778.
• Halhed's grammar was printed here.

Additional Information

• The Chinese invented the first method of printing in the 10th century.
• The printing press was invented by Johannes Gutenberg.

The correct answer is Surya Sen.

• Surya Sen established the Indian Republican Army.

Key Points

• The Indian Republican Army was a short-lived revolutionary army that was created by Surya Sen and the members of the Anushilan Samiti in 1930.
• The army was created with an aim of liberating the city of Chittagong and the Bengal Presidency from British rule.
• Surya Sen was also famous for the Chittagong armoury raid of 1930.

Additional Information

• Indian National Army:
• The idea of the Indian National Army (INA) was first conceived in Malaya by Mohan Singh, an Indian officer of the British Indian Army.
• In March 1942, a conference of India was held in Tokyo and the Indian Independence League was formed.
• At Bangkok Conference, Rash Behari Bose was elected as President of the League.
• Subhash Chandra Bose escaped to Berlin in 1941 AD and set up Indian League there.
• In Singapore, Subhash Chandra Bose was assisted by Rash Behari Bose.
• In October 1943, he set up a provisional Indian Government with headquarters at Rangoon and Singapore.
• Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru formed Congress Khilafat Swaraj Party in 1923.
• Subhash Chandra Bose formed Forward Bloc in 1939 AD.

Given:

Cost price of 12 pencil = selling price of 10 pencil

Calculation:

Let selling price be SP and cost price be CP of one pencil.

CP × 12 = SP × 10

SP/CP = 12/10 = 6/5

SP - CP = P

So, P/CP = (6 - 5)/5 = 1/5

Profit percentage = P/CP × 100 = (1/5) × 100 = 20%.

∴ The gain percentage is 20%.

The logic is as,

And,

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Similarly,

Hence, AERT is the code for the word TEAR.

Decimal Rule for Square root:

Step I: Square root the number just as if they were whole number.

Step II: Place the decimal point in the answer by starting at the right and moving a number of places equal half of the sum of the decimal places in the number.

Decimal Rule for Cube root: 

Step I: Cube root the number just as if they were whole number.

Step II: Place the decimal point in the answer by starting at the right and moving a number of places equal one third of the sum of the decimal places in the number.

Given:

∛√0.000064

Calculations:

∛√0.000064

= ∛0.008

= 0.2

The correct answer is 1835.

• The Medical College, Kolkata was established in the year 1835.

Key Points

• The British East India Company established the Indian Medical Service in  1764 to look after Europeans in British India.
• In 1822 British East India Company founded The Native Medical Institution.
• In 1833, the William Bentinck committee recommended a requirement of a medical college for the education of the native people.
• Hence, a new medical college, known as the Medical College Kolkata was established on 28th January 1835.

Additional Information

• Lord William Bentinck (1828 AD-1834 AD)
• He is regarded as the ‘Father of Modern Western Education in India’.
• Abolition of Sati in 1829 AD.
• Suppression of Thugi system (1830 AD), curbed by colonel Sleeman.
• Deposition of Raja of Mysore and annexation of his territories (1831 AD).
• He was the first Governor-General of India.
• First Medical College was opened in Calcutta in 1835 AD.
• Treaty of Friendship with Ranjit Singh (1831 AD).

The correct answer is Myanmar.

• The 'Rohingya' people are inhabitants of Myanmar.

Key Points

• The Rohingyas Indo-Aryan ethnic group are residents of Rakhine State, Myanmar.
• United Nations (UN) describes Rohingyas as one of the most persecuted minorities in the world.
• Bangladesh government resettled Rohingya refugees on the Bhasan Char island under its Ashrayan Project.

 

Additional Information

Given:

Inital ratio = 3 ∶ 2

Total quantity = 45 litres

New ratio = 9 ∶ 11

Calculation:

Let the actual quantity of milk and water be 3x and 2x in the mixture.

So, 3x + 2x = 5x = 45 litres

Or, x = 9 litres

Actual quantity of water = 2x = 18 litres

So, the actual quantity of milk = 3x = 27 litres

In the second step, only water is added, which means, the quantity of milk remains the same.

So, 9 units of milk in second ratio = 27 litres

Then, 1 unit = 27/9 = 3 litres

Then, quantity of water from second ratio = 11 units = 33 litres

So, amount of water added = 33 litres ​- 18 litres = 15 litres

Concept Used:

Sum = Average × number of observation

Calculation:

The sum of ages of two men is 35 + 45 = 80years

After replacement the average age of 8 men is increased by 2 years

⇒ Total age is increased by 8 × 2 = 16 years

The sum of age of two women is 80 + 16 = 96 years

Average age of those two women is 96/2 = 48 years

∴ The average age of those two women is 48 years.

Given:

The age of the father is thrice the sum of the age of his two sons. After 20 years his age will be equal to the sum of the age of his 2 sons.

Calculation:

Let, the sum of ages of two sons is x years

⇒ The present age of the father is 3x years

After 20 years the sum of the ages of two sons will be (x + 20 + 20) = x + 40 years

After 20 years age of father will be 3x + 20 years

Accordingly,

x + 40 = 3x + 20

⇒ 2x = 20

⇒ x = 10

Present age of father is 3 × 10 = 30 years

∴ The father is 30 years now.

Calculation:

For a number to be a perfect square, the unit digit of the number must be of among the following: 0,1,4, 5, 6, 9

Let us try our options: (we need not calculate the whole number, we just need to find the unit place or if its zero then the first non - zero digit and check if its a square or not)

1) 2819042 + 3438 = ------ 80 in tenth and unit place. 

A perfect square will not end with 80 as 8 is not a perfect square.

2) 2819042 + 3385 = ---------7 in the unit place. 

So, not a perfect square

3) 2819042 + 3358 = -----400 in the last 3 places.

Here, this number can be a perfect square as the number has 2 zeros as well as its non-zero digit is a perfect square.

But, we need to look a the last option as well:

4) 2819042 + 3058 = -------100, the non - zero digits is not a perfect square, hence it's not a perfect square.

∴ The solution is option 3.

Note: The process followed above is easier than finding the root of each combination when executed and it will save time.

The correct answer is Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay.

Key Points

• Pather Panchali
• It was written in 1929 by Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay.
• Later on, a Bengali drama film was made based on it directed by Satyajit Ray and produced by the Government of Bengal.
• Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay
• He was an Indian writer in the Bengali Language.
• His notable works include Pather Panchali, Aparajito, Adarsha Hindu Hotel, Chander Paher, Hire Manik Jale, etc.

Additional Information​

• Ashapurma Devi
• She was a prominent Indian novelist and poet in Bengali.
• Her notable works include Prothom Protishuri, Subarnolata, Baku Katha, Pancha Nodir Teere.
• She awarded with Jnanpith Award in 1976 and Sahitya Academy Fellowship in 1994.
• Buddhadeb Guha
• He is a Bengali fiction writer.
• His notable works include Madhuakri, Sabinoy Nibedon, Chaparsh.
• Satyajit Ray
• He was a filmmaker, author, lyricist from Bengal.
• He is considered one of the greatest filmmakers of all time.
• He was awarded Bharat Ratna, the highest civilian award in India.
• He also awarded the highest award in cinema Dada Saheb Phalke Award in 1985.
• His notable films: The Apu Trilogy, The Music Room, The Big City, etc.

The correct answer is Indraprastha.

Key Points

• Indraprastha
• It was the capital of the Pandava's Kingdom mentioned in the Mahabharata.
• It is also mentioned in Buddhist Texts as the Kuru Kingdom's capital situated near the Yamuna River.
• It was the ancient name of Delhi.
• Delhi
• It is the capital of India.
• It is situated on the western bank of Yamuna.
• It was named after King Dhilu.
• All the locations of Delhi are articulated by the rocky hills of the Aravalli Range- one to the south of the city, and the other is formed by the shifting channel of the Yamuna River.
• Chief Minister: Arvind Kejriwal
• Lt. Governor: Anil Baaijal

Additional Information

• Gaya
• It is located in Bihar on the bank of the Falgu River.
• It is famous for the birthplace of Buddhism as Gautam Buddha attained nirvana on this site.
• Ayodhya
• It is located in Uttar Pradesh on the bank of the Sarayu river.
• It is also known as Saket and the birthplace of Bhagwan Shri Ram and the setting of the great epic Ramayana.
• It was used to be the capital of the Kosala Kingdom.
• Patliputra
• It is located in Bihar on the bank of the Ganga River.
• It was founded by Ajatashatru, king of Magadha.

The correct answer is Raja Ram Mohan Roy.

Key Points

• Atmiya Sabha
• In 1814, Raja Ram Mohan Roy formed Atmiya Sabha.
• It was a philosophical discussion circle.
• The main objective of the Sabha was conducting discussion and debate sessions on monotheistic Hindu Vedantism.
• It was formed to initiate social and religious reforms in society.
• Raja Ram Mohan Roy
• He was the founder of the Brahmo Samaj.
• He played a major role in abolishing the Sati System.
• He was given the title of Raja by the Mughal Emperor Akbar II.
• He is considered the father of the Bengal Renaissance.

Additional Information

• Motilal Nehru
• He was the father of Jawahar Lal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India.
• He presented the Nehru Report, the first constitution written by Indians only demanded dominion status for India within the British Empire.
• He founded the Swaraj Party with Chittranjan Das and he was the secretary of the party.
• Chittaranjan Das
• He was popularly known as Deshbandhu.
• He founded the Swaraj Party with Motilal Nehru and he was the President of the party.
• Prince Dwarkanath Tagore
• He was one of the first Indian Industrialist to form an enterprise with British Partners.
• He was the grandfather of Rabindra Nath Tagore.
• He was the founder of the Jorasanko branch of the Tagore family

The correct answer is Sweden.

Key Points

• The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
• It awards the noble prize in Physics, Chemistry.
• It is an independent organization aims to promote the science and enhance their influence in society.
• Norwegian Noble Committee
• It awards the Nobel Prize in Peace.
• Karolinska Institute awards the noble prize in medicine.
• Swedish Academy awards the noble prize in literature.
• The Sveriges Riksbank awards the noble prize in Economics
• Nobel Prize
• It was started on December 10, 1901, in the honor of Alfred Nobel.
• It was awarded in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, peace, and economics( started in 1968).
• All Noble Prizes was awarded in Stockholm, Sweden, except Nobel Peace Prize, which was awarded in Oslo, Norway.

 ​

Additional Information

• Nobel Prize winners 2023:

The correct answer is Kolkata.

Key Points

• Kolkata
• It is called the city of Palaces and also the City of Joy.
• It is situated on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River.
• It is known as the city of Palaces because of the number of buildings built by the British Empire during the 19th century.
• It was the capital of India during British Raj from 1773-1911 before the capital been shifting to Delhi in 1911.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Jammu & Kashmir.

Key Points

• Article 35A: It empowered the Jammu Kashmir state's legislature to define permanent residents of the state and provide special rights and privileges to them.
• It has been introduced through a Presidential Order in 1954.
• This article is unique in the sense that it does not appear in the main constitution.
• Jammu& Kashmir
• Earlier it was a state, now it has been divided into two union territories through Jammu& Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 which was presented on Lok Sabha on 5 August 2019 into Jammu& Kashmir and Ladakh on 31 October 2019.
• Jammu Kashmir is union territory with a Legislative Assembly and Ladakh has no legislative assembly
• LT. Governor of Jammu Kashmir: Manoj Sinha (May 2024)
• LT. Governor of Ladakh: B.D. Mishra (May 2024)

Given:

Total number of soldiers is 63535

Number of soldiers left out after arrangement is 31

Concept Used:

In a square formation total number of soldiers = (Number of soldiers in front line)²

Calculation:

Total number of soldiers present in the formation = 63535 - 31 = 63504

Number of soldiers in the front line = √63504 = 252

∴ There were 252 soldiers in the front line.

The correct answer is South Korea.

Key Points

• Olympic Winter 2018
• It is hosted by the city Pyeongchang, South Korea.
• Its mascot is Soohorang( white tiger).
• Norway topped the medal count with 14 gold, 14 silver, and 11 bronze.
• The opening flag bearer of India is Shiva Keshavan( Luge).
• India has not any medal in this Olympic games.
• Winter Olympics
• 1st winter Olympics hosted by the Chamonix, France.
• 2022 Winter Olympics will host in Beijing, China.
• 2026 Winter Olympics will host in Milan, Italy.
• Summer Olympics
• 2020 Summer Olympics was postponed due to the corona pandemic. Now it is organized in 2021 Tokoyo, Japan.
• 2024 Summer Olympics will host in Paris, France.
• 2028 Summer Olympics will host in Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
• South Korea
• Capital: Seoul
• Currency: South Korean Won
• President: Yoon Suk-yeol
• Prime Minister: Chung Sye-kyun

Additional Information

The correct answer is the Dronacharya award.

Key Points

• Dronacharya Award
• It is the highest award for sports coaches in India.
• It was first given in 1985 to Bhalchandra Bhaskar Bhagwat ( wrestling), Om Prakash( Boxing), O.M. Nambiar( Athletics).
• It is awarded annually by the Ministry of Youth Affairs.
• This award consists of a bronze statue of Dronacharya, a certificate, ceremonial dress, and a cash prize of Rs. 15 lakh.
• In 2020 it was given to:

1. Jude Sebastian for hockey
2. Yogesh Malviya for Mallakhamb
3. Jaspal Rana for Shooting
4. Kuldeep Kumar Handoo for Wushu
5. Gaurav Kumar for Badminton

Additional Information

• Arjuna Award
• It is given for outstanding performance in sports and games.
• It was given in 1961 for the first time.
• It is awarded annually by the Ministry of Youth Affairs.
• This award consists of a bronze statue of Arjuna, a certificate, ceremonial dress, and cash prizes of Rs. 15 lakh.
• Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award
• It is awarded annually by the Ministry of Youth Affairs.
• This award consists of a medallion, a certificate, and a cash prize of Rs. 25 lakh.
• It is the highest sporting honor of India.
• It was first given in 1991 to Viswanathan Anand for chess.
• In 2021 it was given to:

• Kalidas Samman
• It is a prestigious arts award given annually by the Government of Madhya Pradesh.
• It was first awarded in 1980 to Semmangudi Srinivas Iyer and Mallikarjub Mansur.
• In 2019 it was given to Surendra Verma( Theatre).

The correct answer is Compilation of Dictionary.

Key Points

• Lexicography
• It is the process of writing, editing, and compiling a dictionary in alphabetical order.
• An author or editor of a dictionary is called Lexicographer.
• E-Lexicography is the compilation and implementation of digital dictionaries.

​ 

Additional Information 

• Edicts: It is a decree or announcement of a law associated with monarchy.

Given:

The salary of a person was reduced by 20%

Calculation:

Let the old salary be Rs 100

New salary = (100 - 20)% of 100 = Rs 80

To get the old salary, the new salary must be added with (1/4) th the new salary

That is, 100 = 80 + 80 × 1/4 = 80 + 20

Or, we can say, we need to rise the new salary by 1/4 parts or 25% to get the old salary.

The pattern followed here is,

Hence, ‘14’ is the correct answer.

Given:

The ratio of two numbers is 6 : 13 and their LCM is 312.

Calculation:

Let the numbers be ‘6x and ‘13x’ respectively and sum of these numbers be ‘19x’

LCM Of 6x and 13x = 78x

Using the given value in above formulae we get,

⇒ 78x = 312

⇒ x = 4

∴ the sum of these number is 19x = 76.

1) A is sitting on the 16th position from the left, and C is sitting on the 16th position from the right.

2) B is on the 4th position to the right of A, and on the 5th position to the left of C.

Total number of boys = 16 + 8 + 16 = 40

Hence, number of boys in the row is 40.

The correct answer is Pea.

Key Points

• Leguminous plants like pea enrich the soil with nitrogen when they are grown as a seasonal crop.
• Leguminous plants contain symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria like rhizobium bacteria which helps in fixing atmospheric nitrogen to the soil and increases soil fertility.
• Pea 
• Scientific name: Pisum Sativum
• It is a good source of vitamin C and E, zinc, and other antioxidants that strengthen our immune system.
• It is preferred to grow in Rabi Season sowing begins from Oct to November.

​

Additional Information

The correct answer is Sonam Wangchuk.

Key Points

• Ramon Magsaysay Award
• It is regarded as the Asian version of the Nobel Prize.
• It is an annual award to honor the former Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay.
• This award was first awarded in 1958.
• Vinoda Bhave was the first Indian to the 1st Magsaysay Award.
• Sonam Wangchuk
• He is an engineer, innovator, education reformist from Ladakh.
• He was awarded Ramon Magsaysay Award for his uniquely systematic, collaborative, and community-driven reform of learning systems in remote northern India.

Additional Information

• Yogi Adityanath
• He is the 22nd and current chief minister of Uttar Pradesh.
• He is the Mahant or head priest of the Gorakhnath Math, a Hindu Temple in Gorakhpur.
• He is also the founder of Hindu Yuva Vahini.
• He was the youngest member of the 12th Lok Sabha at the age of 26 years.
• Y.C. Deveshwar
• He was an Indian Businessman and was the chairman of the ITC Limited.
• He was the longest-serving CEO of any Indian Company.
• He served as the president of the Confederation of Indian Industry.
• Pranab Mukherjee
• He is the 13th President of India from 2012 to 2017.
• He held various ministries portfolios in the Government of India.
• He received the highest civilian award of India Bharat Ratna in 2019.
• He died on 31 August 2020.

Given:

The speed of two men are 3 km/hr and 6 km/hr

The train is come from behind and cross two men in 9 seconds and 10 seconds respectively

Concept Used:

Relative speed when two objects are in the same direction = Difference of their speed

Calculation:

Speed of the 1st man = 3 km/hr = 3 × 5/18 = 5/6 m/second

Speed of the 2nd man = 6 km/hr = 6 × 5/18 = 5/3 m/second

The train is crossed two men from behind which means two men and the train are on the same direction

Let the speed of the train is x m/second

Relative speed in the 1st case is (x - 5/6) m/second         [∵ Speed of the train is more than that of man]

Relative speed in the 2nd case is (x - 5/3) m/second

Accordingly,

9 × (x - 5/6) = 10 × (x - 5/3)

⇒ 9x - 15/2 = 10x - 50/3

⇒ x = 50/3 - 15/2

⇒ x = (100 - 45)/6 = 55/6 m/second

⇒ (55/6) × (18/5) km/hr

⇒ 33 km/hr

∴ The speed of the train is 33 km/hours

The correct answer is Gujarat.

Key Points

• Garba
• It is the most celebrated cultural dance form in Gujarat.
• It is traditionally performed during the nine-day Hindu festival.
• Garba danced around the symbol to honor the fact that all humans have the Divine energy of Devi within them.
• Gujarat
• Statehood Day: 1 May 1960
• Capital: Gandhinagar
• Governor: Acharya Devvrat
• National Parks: Gir National Park, Blackbuck National Park, Marine National Park, Vansda National Park
• Festivals: Navratri, Rann Utsav, Uttarayan
• Folk Dance: Hudo, Tippani, Bhavai, DandiyaNritya

Additional Information

Given;

When Kaushik gives 6 paise each to some beggars, he is left with 7 paise. If he gives 8 paise to each of them, he encounters a deficit of 5 paise.

Calculation:

Let, the number of beggars is x

When Kaushik gives 6 paise each to some beggars, he is left with 7 paise.

⇒ Kaushik have total (6x + 7) paise

Again when Kaushik gives 8 paise to each of them, he encounters a deficit of 5 paise.

⇒ Kaushik has (8x - 5) paise

Accordingly,

6x + 7 = 8x - 5

⇒ 8x - 6x = 7 + 5

⇒ 2x = 12

⇒ x = 6

∴ There were 6 beggers.

Calculation:

Let, the seller has total 1 unit oranges

He sells the 1st buyer 1/4 of all oranges

⇒ Remaining oranges = (1 - 1/4) = 3/4

The seller sells the other buyer 4/15 of the remaining oranges

⇒ He sells (3/4) × (4/15) = (1/5) of the all oranges

Remaining orange = 1 - (1/ 4 + 1/5) = 11/20

Accordingly,

11/20 unit = 33

⇒ 1 unit = 33 × (20/11) = 60

⇒ 1/5 unit = 12

∴ The 2nd buyer buy 12 oranges from him.

The correct answer is BRABO.

Key Points

• Barbo
• BRABO is a short form of Bravo robot.
• It is showcased for the first time in 2016.
• It is made by a team of six engineers of Tata Auto Comp. Limited.
• It is an industrial robot that can handle a 10kg payload can replace 1-2 operators per shift with a payback of fewer than two years for a customer.

Additional Information

• FANUC
• It is the largest maker of industrial robots in the world.
• Headquarters: Japan
• Unimate is the first industrial robot built by George Devol in 1954.
• Joseph F. Engelberger is considered the father of Robotics.

The correct answer is Neptune.

Key Points

• Neptune is the coldest planet due to its proximity to the sun.
• The sun provides most of the heat to regulate the temperature of the planets.
• It is so far from the sun that it does not get enough heat to melt the ice caps that form on the planet.
• Neptune
• It was discovered on the basis of the law of gravitation.
• It is the farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System.
• Its revolution period is 164 years and the rotation period is 16 hours and 7 minutes.
• Neptune and Uranus are the only two planets discovered with help of a telescope.
• 

Additional Information

• Jupiter
• It is the largest planet in our Solar System.
• There are 79 natural satellites of Jupiter.
• The spacecraft which visited Jupiter is Juno.
• It is the third brightest natural object in the night sky after Moon and Venus.​
• Mercury
• It is the smallest and the closest planet to the Sun.
• Two spacecraft have visited Mercury: Mariner 10 and Messenger.
• It has not any natural Satellite.
• Pluto
• It was discovered in 1930 by Claude Tombaugh.
• But since 2006, IAU( International Astronomical Union) announced that Pluto is not considered a planet because it does not orbit around the sun.

The correct answer is Pulin Behari Das.

Key Points

• Dhaka Anushilan Samiti
• It was a branch of the Anushilan Samiti founded in 1905 by Pulin Behari Das.
• The Samiti was inspired by the thoughts, speeches, and writings by Swami Vivekanand and Bankim Chandra Chatterjee's Anandmath.
• Pulin Behari Das
• He was an Indian Revolutionary and the founder of the Dhaka Anushilan Samiti.
• He founded the National School in Dhaka.
• He was not convinced with the ideals and refused to accept the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
• The University of Calcutta has a Special Endowment medal named after him.

Additional Information

• Barindra Kumar Ghosh
• He was an Indian Revolutionary and journalist.
• He was the founding member of the Jugantra Bengali weekly.
• He was a younger brother of Sri Aurobindo.
• Keshab Chandra Sen
• He was a Hindu philosopher and social reformer who attempted to indulge Christian theology within the framework of Hindu thought.
• His primary thought was for a universal religion or belief system.
• He was a member of Brahmo Samaj started by Raja Mohan Roy.
• Khudiram Bose
• He was an Indian Revolutionary from Bengal.
• He was sentenced to death at the age of 17 for his role in Muzzafarpur Conspiracy Case, along with Prafulla Chaki.
• He was one of the youngest martyrs of the Indian Independence movement.

The correct answer is NITI Aayog.

Key Points

• Planning Commission
• It was an institution in the Government of India.
• It formulated the five-year plans.
• It was formed on 15 March 1950.
• It was dissolved on 17 August 2014 and replaced by the new institution NITI Aayog.
• The Prime Minister of India was the ex-officio chairman of the Planning Commission.
• NITI Aayog
• Its full form is National Institution for Transforming India.
• It is the premier policy 'Think Tank' of the Government of India providing both directional and policy inputs.
• It was formed on 1 January 2015.
• The Governing Council of NITI Aayog comprises The Prime Minister as its Chairman and Chief Ministers of all States and Lt. Governors of Union Territories.
• The vice-chairperson is Suman Bery and CEO is Shri B.V.R. Subrahmanyam.
• Its full-time members are V.K. Saraswat, Ramesh Chand, V.K. Paul.

Additional Information

• Lokpal
• It is an anti-corruption authority or body of ombudsman represents the public interest in India.
• The first and current chairperson of the Lokpal: Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose
• Finance Commission
• It was constituted by the President of India under Article 280 of the Constitution.
• Its main work to define the financial relations between the Central Government and State Governments.
• The first finance commission was constituted in 1951 under the chairmanship of K.C. Neogy.
• The chairman of the current finance commission( 16th) is Dr. Arvind Panagariya.
• Lokayukta
• It is an anti-corruption authority or body of ombudsman that represents the public interest in the Indian States.
• Maharashtra was the first state to introduce Lokayukta in 1971.

Given:

We have to arrange ${5 \over 7}, {9 \over 13}, {2 \over 3}, {8 \over 11}$ in ascending order.

Calculation:

LCM of 7, 13, 3 and 11 is 3003

Now,

$5 \over 7$ → (3003 ÷ 7) = 429 and 5 × 429 = 2145

$9 \over 13$ → (3003 ÷ 13) = 231 and 9 × 231 = 2079

$2 \over 3$ → (3003 ÷ 3) = 1001 and 2 × 1001 = 2002

$8 \over 11$ → (3003 ÷ 11) = 273 and 8 × 273 = 2184

Now, 2002 < 2079 < 2145 < 2184

∴ Arranging the fractions in ascending order get, ${2 \over 3} < {9 \over 13} < {5 \over 7} < {8 \over 11}$

Given:

Denominations of coins = 1 rupee, 50 paise, 25 paise

Ratio of number of coins = 2 ∶ 3 ∶ 5

Calculation:

Let us concert all the denominations to one quantity - paise.

1 rupee = 100 paise

The number of coins of each denomination be 2x, 3x and 5x.

The value of each denomination:

1 rupee → 100 paise × 2x = 200x

50 paise → 50 paise × 3x = 150x

25 paise → 25 paise × 5x = 125x

The required ratio of value = 200x ∶ 150x ∶ 125x = 8 ∶ 6 ∶ 5

The correct answer is 1941.

Key Points

• Subhash Chandra Bose
• He was affectionately called Netaji and was one of the most prominent leaders of the Indian Freedom Struggle.
• He acknowledged Chittaranjan Das as his political guru.
• He was elected President of the Haripura Congress Session in 1938.
• He was re-elected as the President of Congress in Tripuri Session in 1939.
• He formed a progressive group called Forward Block.
• In January 1941, Subhas Chandra Bose disappeared from his home and reached Germany.
• In July 1943, He arrived in Singapore and formed Azad Hind Fauj with Rash Behari Bose.
• The members of Azad Hind Fauj comprises mainly of Indian Prisoners of War.
• He was reported to be killed in an air crash over Taipeh, Taiwan on 8 August 1945.
• However, his death is still a mystery as many authors, reporters and historians do not believe that he died in the plane crash.

The correct answer is the Gupta dynasty.

Key Points

• Ajanta Caves
• ​Ajanta Caves include paintings and rock-cut sculptures described as among the finest surviving of ancient India.
• Paintings present emotions through gesture, pose and form.
• Ajanta is one of the major tourist attractions of Maharashtra.
• Gupta dynasty
• The Gupta dynasty period is considered the Golden Age of India by historians.
• The ruling dynasty of the empire was founded by king Sri Gupta.
• Vishnugupta was the last ruler of the Gupta dynasty.
• The most notable rulers of the dynasty were Chandragupta I, Samudragupta, and Chandragupta II alias Vikramaditya.
• The high points of this period are the great cultural developments that took place during the reigns of Smaudragupta, Chandragupta II, and Kumaraguta I.
• Sanskrit li
• The Gupta period produced scholars such as Kalidasa, Aryabhata, Varahamihiram, and Vatsyayana.

Additional Information

• Rashtrakuta dynasty
• Rashtrakuta dynasty was a royal dynasty ruling large parts of the Indian subcontinent between the sixth and 10th centuries.
• Dantidurga was the first ruler of the dynasty and Indra IV was the last ruler of the dynasty.
• Rashtrakuta history includes medieval inscriptions, ancient literature in the Pali language.
• Rashtrakuta ruled for over two centuries.
• Pala dynasty
• The Pala dynasty was an imperial power during the post-classical period in the Indian subcontinent in the region of Bengal
• The Palas were astute diplomats and military conquerors.
• Gopala was the founder of the Pala dynasty.
• Govindapala was the last ruler of the Pala dynasty.
• The Pala rulers were promoters of classical Indian philosophy, literature, painting, and sculpture.
• Maurya dynasty
• The Maurya dynasty was a geographically extensive Iron Age historical power in South Asia in Magadha.
• The dynasty was founded by Chandragupta Maurya.
• Brihadratha was the last emperor of the Maurya dynasty.
• The Maurya Empire was established in the Greater Punjab region under the leadership of Chandragupta Maurya and his mentor Chanakya.
• The Mauryan Army the largest standing military force of its time.

The correct answer is Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.

Key Points

• Bardoli Satyagraha
• It was the movement started in the state of Gujarat in 1928 against the unjust raising of taxes inland revenue.
• It was led by the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
• He was the first deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of India.
• He was known as the Iron Man.
• The Statue of Unity, the world's tallest statue was dedicated to him.
• He played an important role in the unification of India.
• National Unity Day is observed on his birth date on 31st October since 2014.
• He was awarded Bharat Ratna, the highest civilian award of India in 1991 posthumously.

Additional Information

• Vithalbhai Patel
• He was an Indian legislator and political leader.
• He was an elder brother of Sardar Patel.
• He was the co-founder of the Swaraj Party.
• The Swaraj Party became the largest single party in the Central Legislature.
• Mahadev Desai
• Mahadev Desai was an Indian independence activist and writer.
• He was Mahatma Gandhi's personal secretary.
• He has variously described as "Gandhi's Boswell, a Plato to Gandhi's Socrates and Ananda to Gandhi's Buddha".
• He wrote a history of the Satyagraha in Gujarati which he translated into English as "The story of Bardoli."
• The Indian Department of Posts published a commemorative stamp in his honor in 1983.
• Mahatma Gandhi
• Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist.
• He was known as the Father of the Nation and commonly called Bapu.
• His birthday on 2 October is commemorated in India as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday.
• He was a prolific writer. One of Gandhi's publications Hind Swaraj published in Gujrati in 1909.
• He was the leader of various movements (Satyagraha, Champaran Movement, Kheda Movement, Quit India Movement)

Given:

Given fraction = 841/2025

Calculation:

We know that any number × its reciprocal = 1

So, √(841/2025) × [1/√841/2025)] will be 1.

So, the required fraction for obtaining 1 = 1/√(841/2025) = √(2025/841)

Now we know that 841 = 29 × 29 

And, 2025 = 45 × 45

So, √(2025/841) = 45/29

∴ The required fraction for obtaining 1 is 45/29.

The correct answer is Joule.

Key Points

• Heat
• It is the form of energy that produces in us the sensation of warmth.
• It is responsible for the charge in the thermal condition of the body.
• Its SI unit is Joule and the practical unit is a calorie.
• Heat flows from a higher temperature body to a lower temperature body when these are placed in contact.
• 1 calorie= 4.18 joule

Additional Information

Given:

It takes 4 seconds for a clock to ring its bells at 4 o'clock.

Concept Used:

To ring 'n' bells interval is (n - 1) times

Calculation:

To ring 4 bells time interval is 3

To ring 8 bells time interval is 7

⇒ For 3 interval time required 4 seconds

⇒ for 1 interval time required 4/3 seconds

⇒ for 7 interval time required (4 × 7)/3 = 28/3 seconds = $9{1 \over 3}$ seconds

∴ It will take $9{1 \over 3}$ seconds to ring its bell in 8 o'clock

A teacher can be a sportsperson and a graduate at the same time. A sportsperson can be a teacher and a graduate at the same time. A graduate can be a teacher and a sportsperson at the same time. Thus, in the Venn Diagram, the three circles will intersect each other.

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Hence, the first option represents the relationship among teachers, sportspersons, and graduates.