Kolkata Police Constable (Prelims) 04 June 2023 Official Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Three pairs.

 Key Points

• The human mouth has three pairs of major salivary glands and numerous minor salivary glands scattered throughout the oral cavity.
• The three pairs of major salivary glands are the parotid glands, the submandibular glands, and the sublingual glands.
• Parotid glands are the largest of the salivary glands and are located in the cheeks over the mandible, toward the back of the mouth.
• Submandibular glands are roughly the size of a walnut and are located beneath the floor of the mouth.
• Sublingual glands are the smallest and are located beneath the tongue.

The correct answer is 22.4 liter.

 Key Points

• One mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters at standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is defined as 0 degrees Celsius and 1-atmosphere pressure. This is known as the molar volume of a gas.
• This volume is derived from the ideal gas law and Avogadro's law.

The correct answer is Ribosome.

 Key Points

• Ribosomes are the cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis.
• They are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins and are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
• There are two types of ribosomes based on their location and function in the cell: Free ribosomes (in the cytoplasm) and bound ribosomes (attached to the endoplasmic reticulum).
• The process of protein synthesis involves two main stages: Transcription (in the nucleus) and translation (at the ribosome).

 Additional Information

• Lysosomes are involved in intracellular digestion, not protein synthesis.
• The vacuole is an organelle that stores substances within a cell.
• Centrioles are involved in cell division, specifically in the formation of the mitotic spindle.

Given Data:

Total number of students = 120

Number of students in the arts department = 66

We are also given that 15% of the students are in the science department. Therefore, the remaining students must be in the commerce and arts departments.

Number of students in the science department = 15% of 120 = (15/100) * 120 = 18

Number of students in the commerce and arts departments = Total number of students - Number of students in the science department = 120 - 18 = 102

Now, let's determine the number of students in the commerce department:

Number of students in the commerce department = Number of students in the commerce and arts departments - Number of students in the arts department = 102 - 66 = 36

To calculate the percentage of students in the commerce department:

Percentage of students in the commerce department = (Number of students in the commerce department / Total number of students) * 100

                                                = (36 / 120) * 100

                                                = 30%

Therefore, the percentage of students in the commerce department is 30%

The word FACTOR cannot be formed using the letters of  TRANSFERENCE as there is no O in the word TRANSFERENCE.

The correct answer is Attorney General of India.

Key Points Attorney General:-

• Article 76 of the Indian Constitution mentions that the President shall appoint a person, who is qualified to be appointed a judge of the Supreme Court ,as the Attorney General Of India.
• It is the highest law officer in the country.
• The Attorney General must give advice to the Government of India upon such legal matters.
• The term of office is not fixed by the Constitution.

Qualifications:

• The Attorney General must be a person who is qualified to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court of India.
• They should be a citizen of India.
• They should have been a judge of some high court for five years or an advocate of some high court for ten years or an eminent jurist, in the opinion of the President.
• The person should have professional experience in law and should be well-versed in constitutional law.

Functions:

• The Attorney General gives advice to the Government of India upon such legal matters and to perform such other duties of a legal character, as may from time to time, be referred or assigned to them by the President.
• They represent the Government of India in any reference made by the President to the Supreme Court under Article 143 of the Constitution.
• The Attorney General has the right of audience in all courts in the territory of India.
• They represent the government in all cases in the Supreme Court in which the Government of India is concerned.
• They make appearances in any high court in cases where the Government of India is concerned.
• The Attorney General has the right to speak and to participate in the proceedings of both the houses of Parliament without a right to vote.

Additional Information

• The Advocate General:-
• It is a constitutional post and authority duly appointed as per Art.165 of the constitution of India.
• He is the highest law officer in the state.
• He corresponds to the Attorney General of India.
• It is appointed by the governor.
• Qualifications:-
• Must be a citizen of India.
• Must be a person who is qualified to be appointed a judge of a high court.
• Must have held a judicial office for ten years or been an advocate of a high court for ten years.​
• Duties and functions:-
• To advise on the legal matters referred by the governor.
• To discharge the functions conferred on him by the Constitution or any other law.

Article 194 mentions the power, privileges, and immunities of the Advocate General.

From the information given:

So finally, A is facing South direction and B is facing North direction. 

Hence the correct answer is Option 3: South, North

Solution:

The speed of the boat downstream is 1 km in 6 minutes i.e 1/6 km/min = 10 km/ hr

• 1 minute = 1/60 hr
• 6 minutes = 6/60 hr = 1/10 hr
• 1/6 km/min = 1/(1/10) km/hr = 10 km/hr

The speed of the boat upstream is 6 km/h.

The speed of the current is (10 - 6)/2 = 2 km/h.

Solution:

• The largest four digit number formed by 7, 0, 0, 5 is 7500.
• The smallest four digit number formed by 7, 0, 0, 5 is 5007.
• The difference between the two numbers is 7500 - 5007 = 2493.

So the answer is option 1) 2493.

Solution:

• Let Shyam's income = 100
• Then Ram's income = 120  ( 20% more than Shyam's income)
• Shyam's income as a percentage of Ram's income = (100/120)*100 = 83.33%
• Shyam’s income as a percentage less than Ram’s income, we can subtract Shyam’s income percentage from 100%: 100% - 83.33% = 16.67%  i.e ​​\(16\frac{2}{3}\)

So, the answer is option 1) \(16\frac{2}{3}\)

The correct answer is  Dodabetta.

Key Points

• Dodabetta is the highest peak in the Nilgiri Mountains, also called the Blue Mountains, in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
• It stands at an impressive altitude of 2,623 meters above sea level, making it the highest peak in Tamil Nadu.
• The term 'Dodabetta' translates to 'big mountain' in 'Badugu Language'.
• It is located approx 10 kilometers from Udagamandalam (Ooty), the renowned hill station, Dodabetta is a popular tourist attraction.
• It offers a panoramic view of the surrounding landscape and the whole Nilgiri range, also including the cultivated high-altitude tea estates.
• It even has an observatory with a telescope available for the public to have a closer look at the sweeping landscapes.

Source: https://nilgiris.nic.in/tourist-place/doddabetta-ooty/

Additional Information

Agastyarkoodam: This is the one of the highest peak in Kerala and is part of the Sahyadri Range of the Western Ghats.

Parasnath: Parasnath is the highest peak of Jharkhand, and it is located in Giridih district of Jharkhand, India. The hill is named after Parasnath, the 23^rd Tirthankara.

Sahyadri: It is another name for the Western Ghats, a large mountain range that stretches from Gujarat to Kerala on India's western coast.

Solution:

• Let the original length and breadth of the rectangle be 100 each.
• The original area of the rectangle is 100 * 100 = 10000
• After the reduction, the length and breadth of the rectangle become 80 each.
• The new area of the rectangle is 80 * 80 = 6400
• The area of the rectangle decreased by 10000 - 6400 = 3600
• The percentage decrease in the area of the rectangle is 3600 / 10000 * 100 = 36%

So the answer is 4.

The correct answer is Tapeworm.

 Key Points

• Tapeworms are multicellular organisms that belong to the class Cestoda, within the phylum Platyhelminthes.
• They are parasitic flatworms that live in the digestive tract of vertebrates, including humans.
• Tapeworms have a complex life cycle that includes a stage called the proglottid, which is filled with eggs. The proglottids are shed in the host's feces and can infect other organisms if ingested.
• Bacteria, amoebae, and blue-green algae are all examples of unicellular organisms.

The logic followed here is :

Similarly,

Hence the answer is option 4.

Given data:

Discount percentage = 20%

Discount amount = Rs.66

Concept:

To find the original bill amount, we can use the formula: Original Bill Amount = (Discount Amount / Discount Percentage).

Calculation:

⇒ Discount Percentage in decimal = 20% = 20/100 = 0.2

⇒ Original Bill Amount = Discount Amount / Discount Percentage

⇒ Original Bill Amount = Rs.66 / 0.2

⇒ Original Bill Amount = Rs.330

Therefore, the electricity bill was Rs.330.

Solution:

The fraction that we are looking for must satisfy the following equation:

(3/4) = (27/64) * x

Solving for x, we get:

x = (3/4) / (27/64) = (3/4) * (64/27) = 9/16

Therefore, the answer is option 3) 9/16.

Solution:

The answer is 2, 1024.

A perfect square is a number that can be obtained by squaring an integer. The smallest perfect square of four digits is 1024, which is 2^10.

The other options are not perfect squares of four digits. 4000 is 20^2, 1050 is not a perfect square, and 1000 is 10^2.

According to the  given information,

We have to find the number of 9s in the given series which are exactly divisible by the preceding and following numbers.

Given series

193499239325991312939499392391

On applying the above condition

193499239325991312939499392391

Hence the correct answer is Option 4: 5

The correct answer is Bombay.

Key Points

• The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded by Allan Octavian Hume on 28^th December 1885.
• The first session of INC was held in Bombay at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit Collegeram.
• The first President of the INC session held in Bombay was Womesh Chandra Banerjee.
• 72 delegates attended the session.
• The important leaders during the foundation of INC were Dadabhai Naoroji, Badruddin Tyyabji, Anand Mohan Bose, R.C Dutt, Pherozshah Mehta, G.K Gokhale, G. Subramaniyam Aiyyar, Dinshaw Vacha, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Mahadev Govind Ranade, Madan Mohan Malviya, etc.
• Formerly Indian National Congress was known as Indian National Union.
• The INC was formed during the tenure of Lord Dufferin (Viceroy of India from 1884-1888).

Solution:

We are given that the simple interest is 136 rupees and the annual rate of interest is 8%. We need to determine the principal amount.

SI = (P * R * T) / 100

136 = (P * 8 * 4) / 100

P = 425

Therefore, the principal amount is 425 rupees.

The correct answer is K.

 Key Points

• The chemical symbol for potassium is K, which comes from the Latin word "kalium."
• Potassium is an alkali metal and is very reactive, particularly with water. It is typically stored in mineral oil for this reason.
• It is essential for various bodily functions, including nerve and muscle cell functioning, heart function, and digestion.

 Additional Information

• Pt is the chemical symbol for platinum, Na for sodium, and P for phosphorus.

The logic and meaningful order is :

(iii) Cotton

(iv) Yarn

(v) Cloth

(ii) Printing

(i) Sarees

The correct answer is option 1: (iii), (iv), (v), (ii), (i)

The correct answer is Mumbai.

Key Points

• National Stock Exchange of India Limited is the leading stock exchange of India, located in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• It is the world’s largest derivatives exchange in 2021 by the number of contracts traded based on the statistics maintained by the Futures Industry Association, a derivatives trade body.
• It is under the ownership of some leading financial institutions, banks, and insurance companies.
• NSE was established in 1992 as the first dematerialized electronic exchange in the country.
• NSE was the first exchange in the country to provide a modern, fully automated screen-based electronic trading system that offered easy trading facilities to investors spread across the length and breadth of the country.
• Ashishkumar Chauhan is the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of NSE.
• The Indian stock exchange BSE and NSE have been engulfed in a series of corruption scandals such as the 1992 Indian stock market scam and others.

Additional Information

• BSE Limited, also known as the Bombay Stock Exchange, is an Indian stock exchange located on Dalal Street in Mumbai.
• Established in 1875 by cotton merchant Premchand Roychand, a Jain businessman, it is the oldest stock exchange in Asia, and also the tenth oldest in the world.
• Shri Ashishkumar Chauhan is the MD & CEO of BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange), the first stock exchange in Asia.
• He is one of the founders of India's National Stock Exchange ("NSE") where he worked from 1992 to 2000.

The correct answer is Salt Solution.

 Key Points

• An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water.
• The salt solution, therefore, is an electrolyte as it dissociates into its component ions when dissolved in water.
• These ions are responsible for conducting electricity, as they can move and carry a charge.

 Additional Information

• Sugar solution, petrol, and glycerine are all examples of non-electrolytes.
• They do not dissociate into ions when dissolved in a solvent, and therefore cannot conduct electricity.

Let's analyze the information given:

1. S is heavier than Q → S > Q

2. R is lighter than only T and P. This means R is the third heaviest.

3. Q is not the lightest. This means there is at least one person lighter than Q.

4. P is not the heaviest. This means there is at least one person heavier than P.

From point 2, we know that T and P are the two heaviest, but we don't know the order yet. From point 4, we know that P is not the heaviest, so T must be the heaviest. Therefore, P is the second heaviest → T > P > R

So, P is the second heaviest in terms of weight.

The correct answer is Golf.

Key Points

• The term 'Caddie' is notably associated with the sport of golf.
• A caddie is an individual who assists a player during their game.
• Their responsibilities often extend beyond just carrying the golfer's bag and clubs.
• A caddie's duties typically include:
• Carrying the golfer’s bag: The most visible duty of the caddie is carrying the golfer's bag, which holds all the clubs, balls, tees, and any other equipment or personal items the golfer may need during the round.
• Providing advice: A caddie often provides valuable advice to the golfer, concerning aspects like club selection, strategy, and the reading of greens, which is estimating how a putt will break based on the slopes and terrain of the green.
• Taking care of the course: A caddie also helps maintain the course by replacing divots (pieces of turf displaced during a stroke), raking bunkers, and ensuring that the course's health and aesthetics are not damaged by their player’s actions.
• Moral support: A caddie also offers moral support to the golfer, especially in professional events. This aspect can be crucial in high-pressure tournament situations.

Given the caddie's multifaceted role, they can have a significant impact on a golfer's performance and are an integral part of the sport.

Additional Information

• Some of the cups related to Golf are:
• Ryder Cup
• Presidents Cup
• Walker Cup
• Solheim Cup
• Curtis Cup

As the given year(2008) is a leap year: the month of February will have 29 days. 

Now, 1^st, 8^th, 15^th, 22^nd, and 29^th will fall on Monday. 

1^st March is Tuesday and 2^nd March is Wednesday.

David Copperfield is a novel written by Charles Dickens.

Similarly, James Bond is a novel written by Ian Fleming.

8 × 2 + 1 = 17

17 × 2 + 2 = 36

36 × 2 + 3 = 75

75 × 2 + 4 = 154

The correct answer is option 2: 154.

The correct answer is West Bardhaman.

Key Points

• "Chittranjan Locomotive Works" (CLW) is an electric locomotive manufacturer.
• It was founded on 26^th January 1950.
• Its headquarters is located in Chittranjan, West Bardhaman District, West Bengal.
• The stores of CLW are located in various places such as Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Banglore.
• The previous name of "Chittaranjan Locomotive Work" was "Loco Building Work".
• CLW was renamed after Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das.

Important Points

• CLW has also contributed towards the welfare of the environment and was awarded the Golden Peacock Award for Environment Management 2006.
• CLW also got Safety Innovation Award in 2006 and 2009 by India's Institute of Engineers.
• The first locomotive WAG -1 was named Bidhan.

The logic followed here is:

Hence the correct answer is option 4: 44.

The correct answer is Sublimation.

 Key Points

• Sublimation is the process by which a substance transitions from a solid state directly to a gas state, without passing through the liquid state.
• Camphor is one of the substances that sublimates at room temperature.

 Additional Information

• Evaporation and boiling are processes where a liquid changes to a gas. Vapourization is a general term that encompasses both boiling and evaporation.

According to the given information,

The code for 'good' is "pil".

The correct answer is Iron ore.

 Key Points

• Hematite is an iron ore, which means it is a source of iron.
• Its chemical formula is Fe2O3.
• It is one of the most abundant minerals on Earth's surface and in the shallow crust.

 Additional Information

• Coal is a black or brownish-black sedimentary rock used primarily as a fuel source.
• Bauxite is the primary ore from which aluminum is extracted.
• Copper is a reddish metal that is a ductile and good conductor of electricity.

Solution:

1. The person borrowed some money at a rate of simple interest of 12(1/2)% per annum, which can be expressed as a decimal: 12.5% = 0.125.
2. After four years, the person deposited 1250 rupees in the bank as interest.
3. The formula for calculating simple interest is I = P * r * t, where I is the interest, P is the principal (the amount of money borrowed), r is the interest rate per time period, and t is the number of time periods.
4. In this case, the interest I is 1250, the interest rate r is 0.125 per annum, and the number of time periods t is 4 years.
5. Substituting these values into the formula for simple interest, we get: 1250 = P * 0.125 * 4.
6. Solving for P, we find that the person borrowed P = 1250 / (0.125 * 4) = 2500 rupees.

So, the correct answer is option 3) 2500.

The correct answer is GST

Key Points

• Goods and Services Tax (GST) is an indirect tax (or consumption tax) used in India on the supply of goods and services.
• It is a comprehensive, multistage, destination-based tax.
• The tax came into effect on 1 July 2017 through the implementation of the One Hundred and First Amendment of the Constitution of India by the Indian government.
• The GST replaced existing multiple taxes levied by the central and state governments.

Additional Information

• Income tax is a type of tax that governments impose on income generated by businesses and individuals within their jurisdiction. It is a direct tax.
• Property tax is a levy imposed by the government on a property owner's real estate, such as land, homes, or commercial buildings. The tax is typically based on the value of the owned property. It is also a direct tax.
• Corporation tax is a direct tax levied by the government on the profits of a corporation or company. This tax requires companies to contribute a portion of their profits to the government.

The family tree diagram is shown below:

Since P is the sister of S and Y is the husband of P. Y is the Brother-in-law  of S.

Hence the correct answer is Option 1: Wood

Solution:

We are given that 0.3 of 402 is equal to 120.6. We are also given that 8.65 is the starting point. We need to determine how many times we need to add 0.01 to 8.65 to get to 120.6.

120.6 - 8.65 = 111.95

111.95 / 0.01 = 11195

Therefore, we need to add 0.01 to 8.65 11,195 times to get to 120.6.

The correct answer is  1930.

Key Points

• The Salt March, also known as the Salt Satyagraha, Dandi March, and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mahatma Gandhi.
• The twenty-four-day march lasted from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly.
• Another reason for this march was that the Civil Disobedience Movement needed a strong inauguration that would inspire more people to follow Gandhi's example.
• Gandhi started this march with 78 of his trusted volunteers.
• The march spanned 239 miles (385 km), from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, which was called Navsari at that time (now in the state of Gujarat).
• Growing numbers of Indians joined them along the way.
• When Gandhi broke the British Raj salt laws at 8:30 am on 6 April 1930, it sparked large-scale acts of civil disobedience against the salt laws by millions of Indians.

The English Alphabet series

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

Here the 18^th letter is R. So the 7^th letter to left of R is K.

Hence Option 4: K is the correct answer.

Solution:

First, let's convert all weights to the same unit. In India, 1 quintal is equal to 100 kg. So, 0.72 quintal is equal to 72 kg.

Now, let's convert 2 kg 250 gm to kg. 1 kg is equal to 1000 gm. So, 250 gm is equal to 0.25 kg. Therefore, 2 kg 250 gm is equal to 2.25 kg.

Now, we can calculate the percentage. The formula to calculate the percentage is:

\(\text{Percentage} = \left( \frac{\text{Part}}{\text{Whole}} \right) \times 100\)

Substituting the values we get:

\(\text{Percentage} = \left( \frac{2.25 \text{ kg}}{72 \text{ kg}} \right) \times 100 = 3.\overline{1}%\)

So, the answer is \( 3(1/8)\)

Calculation:

A : B = 3 : 4

 B : C = 6 : 5

A : B : C = 18 : 24 : 20 

(Further simplify)

 A : B : C = 9: 12: 10

The value of A : C = 9 : 10

The pattern followed here is:

3 × 8 = 24

24 × 8 = 192

192 × 8 = 1536

The correct answer is Haripura.

• Subhas Chandra Bose was elected President of Haripura Congress Session in 1938.

Key Points

• Subhash Chandra Bose:
• He founded the Independence for India League with Jawaharlal Nehru.
• He was elected as the President of INC at its Haripura Session (1938) and Tripuri Session (1939) but resigned from Tripuri due to differences with Gandhiji.
• He founded the Forward Bloc (1939) at Calcutta.
• He took the charge of Indian Army (Azad Hind Fauj) in 1943 in Singapore and set up an Indian Provisional government there.
• He addressed Mahatma Gandhi as the Father of the Nation.
• He gave the famous slogans–Dilli Chalo and Jai Hind.
• The India Struggle was his autobiography.

The correct answer is Weight.

 Key Points

• A spring balance is used to measure the weight of an object.
• The force of gravity acting on the object is balanced by the force exerted by the spring.
• This is based on Hooke's Law, which states that the force needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance is proportional to that distance.

 Additional Information

• Mass is a fundamental property of an object that does not change with the object's location, whereas weight can change depending on the strength of the gravitational field.
• Force is a measure of the interaction between two bodies or a body and its environment.
• Gravitational acceleration refers to the acceleration of an object due to the force of gravity, which on Earth is approximately 9.81 m/s².

Given:

Percentage increase in price = 25%

Concept:

Expenditure is the product of the price and the consumption.

E = C × P

If only percentage value is given, consider any numerical value of the initial price and consumption to keep the calculation easy.

Solution:

The expenditure is same in both the cases

Let the Initial price of oil = 100/-

Let the consumption of oil = 100 unit

New Price of oil = 100 + (25/100) × 100

= 125/-

(Initial price of) × (consumption of oil) = (New Price of oil) × (New Consumption)

⇒ 100 × 100 = 125 × (New Consumption)

⇒ New Consumption = (100 × 100)/125

⇒ New Consumption = 80 unit

Percentage reduction in consumption = [(100 - 80)/100] × 100 = 20%

∴ Percentage reduction in consumption is 20%

Percentage = r/(100 + r) × 100

Percentage = 25/(100 + 25) × 100 = 20%

∴ Percentage reduction in consumption is 20%

The correct answer is Mahabharata.

Key Points

• Mahabharata is not a part of the Vedas. Instead, it's a separate, standalone epic in Hindu literature.
• The Mahabharata, attributed to Sage Vyasa, is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India (the other being the Ramayana).
• It's a narrative of the Kurukshetra War and the fates of the Kaurava and the Pandava princes but also includes philosophical and devotional material, such as a discussion of the four "goals of life" or purusharthas.
• The Bhagavad Gita, which is a part of the Mahabharata, is one of the most important texts of ancient Indian literature.
• In contrast, Samhita, Aranyaka, and Upanishad are all part of the Vedas. The Vedas are ancient Indian scriptures composed in Sanskrit, and they hold a significant place in Indian theology and philosophy.

Additional Information

• Samhitas: They are the earliest part of the Vedas and are a collection of mantras and hymns. Each Veda has its own Samhita.
• Aranyakas: The Aranyakas are part of the Vedas, often regarded as a link between the ritualistic Brahmanas and the philosophical Upanishads in Vedic literature. They serve as a meditative interpretation of the ritualistic rites outlined in the Brahmanas.
• Upanishads: They are the last part of the Vedas that contemplate the philosophical aspects of life, the universe, and the concept of Brahman (the Absolute reality). They are also referred to as Vedanta ("the end of the Vedas") because they represent the spiritual essence and philosophical teachings of the Vedas.

Given:

Number of people = 4000

Number of days = 190

People left after 30 days = 800

Concept used:

M1×D1=M2×D2

Calculation:

Let D2 be x days.

M1 = 4000

D1 = 190 − 30 = 160

M2 = 4000 − 800 = 3200

⇒ 4000 × 160 = 3200 × x

⇒ x = 200 days

Hence, the corerct answer is option (3).

The correct answer is Samaresh Majumder.

Key Points 

• The author of the Bengali novel 'Kalbela' is Samaresh Majumdar.
• Born in February 1942, Samaresh Majumdar is an eminent contemporary Bengali writer, noted for his exceptional ability to depict the socio-political scenario in West Bengal through his works.
• 'Kalbela' is one of his most famous novels.
• The novel is part of the Animesh series and is the second book, preceded by 'Uttaradhikar' and followed by 'Kalpurush'.
• The story revolves around Animesh Mitra, a young man hailing from North Bengal, and his encounters and experiences with the Naxalite movement during the 1970s in Kolkata (then Calcutta), West Bengal, India.
• The novel is a vivid portrayal of the tumultuous era, tracing the protagonist's plunge into the movement that ostensibly sought to root out societal injustice, and its subsequent impact on his life.
• Also, Majumdar's rich and detailed narration provides a panoramic view of Bengali society and culture of that era, making it a significant piece of Bengali literature.

Additional Information

• Shyamal Gangopadhyay was a popular Bengali writer known for his historical and political novels like 'Neel-Kontho Pakhir Khonje,' which reflects Bangladeshi immigration matters.
• Suchitra Bhattacharya was a famous woman author in contemporary Bengali literature. Her works primarily concentrated on the lives of Indian urban women.
• Samaresh Bose is  known for his diverse style in his various novels and short stories.

Let's analyze the problem. When a clock strikes 10, it chimes 10 times. The time between the first and the tenth chime is 10 seconds. This means that there are 9 intervals between the 10 chimes. 

Let's denote the time between chimes as t  seconds. Therefore, we can write the equation:

 9t = 10 

Now, when the clock strikes 12, there are 11 intervals between the 12 chimes. We can find the total time it takes to strike 12 by using the equation:

11t = Total time to strike 12

Let's calculate the total time it takes to strike 12.

The total time it takes for the clock to strike 12 is 110/9 seconds. This can be converted to a mixed number for easier understanding. Let me do that.

The total time it takes for the clock to strike 12 is \(12\frac{2}{9}\) seconds.

The correct answer is Violet.

 Key Points

• Potassium permanganate is a chemical compound with the formula KMnO4.
• In an aqueous solution, it appears as a deep violet or purple color.
• It is often used as a disinfectant and in water treatment processes.
• Red, yellow, and orange are not the colors of a potassium permanganate solution.

Solution:

The speed ratio of Rajdhani Express and Purba Express is 4:3. This means that for every 4 km that Rajdhani Express travels, Purba Express travels 3 km.

We can use this information to find the speed of Rajdhani Express.

Purba Express covers a distance of 72 km in 4 hours, so its speed is 72 km / 4 hours = 18 km/hour.

Since the speed ratio of Rajdhani Express and Purba Express is 4:3, the speed of Rajdhani Express is (4/3) * 18 km/hour = 24 km/hour.

Now that we know the speed of Rajdhani Express, we can use it to find the distance it will cover in 3 hours.

The distance covered by Rajdhani Express in 3 hours is 24 km/hour * 3 hours = 72 km.

So, Rajdhani Express will cover a distance of 72 km in 3 hours

The correct answer is South Africa.

Key Points

• ICC Women's Under-19 Cricket World Cup 2023 tournament was hosted by South Africa.
• The 2023 edition of the tournament was the first edition of the ICC Women's Under-19 Cricket World Cup.
• It was held from 14-29 January 2023.
• India became the first-ever ICC Under-19 Women’s T20 World Cup winners, after a comprehensive, seven-wicket victory over England in Potchefstroom.
• India won by seven wickets against England, with 36 balls to spare.

Additional Information

• South Africa:
• South Africa is a country on the southernmost tip of the African continent.
• It has the most UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Africa.
• According to the 2011 census, the two most spoken first languages are Zulu (22.7%) and Xhosa (16.0%).
• Capitals: Cape Town, Pretoria, Bloemfontein
• President: Cyril Ramaphosa
• Population: 5.94 crores (2021) World Bank
• Currency - South African rand
• ICC:
• The International Cricket Council is the global governing body of cricket.
• It was founded as the Imperial Cricket Conference in 1909 by representatives from Australia, England and South Africa.
• It was renamed the International Cricket Conference in 1965, and took up its current name in 1987.
• Headquarters: Dubai, United Arab Emirates
• Chairman: Greg Barclay
• General Manager: Wasim Khan​

The correct answer is Lord Dalhousie.

Key Points

• Lord Dalhousie's real name was James Andrew Ramsay, who served as Governor-General of India from 1848 to 1856.
• "Lord Dalhousie" is known as " Father of Indian Railways".
• He was born on 22 April 1812 in the United Kingdom.
• Lord Dalhousie is credited for the introduction of the Indian Railway in India.​

Additional Information

• Some of the important organizations founded by him include - 
• Central Public Work Department
• Tamil Nadu Public Work Department
• The first passenger train between Bori Bunder ( Mumbai) and Thane on 16^th April 1853.
• This train was operated by three locomotives named Sahib, Sultan, and Sindh.

The logic followed here is : Each letter in the word is coded by adding Its positional value to the next letter's positional value in English alphabet series.

A (1 + 2) C (3 + 4) N ( 14 + 15 ) E ( 5 + 6) → 3, 7, 29, 11

Similarly,

B ( 2 + 3 ) O ( 15 + 16 ) I ( 9 + 10 ) L ( 12 + 13 ) → 5, 31, 19, 25

The correct answer is Paddy.

 Key Points

• 'Oryza Sativa' is the scientific name for paddy or Asian rice.
• It is one of the most widely consumed staple foods for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia.

 Additional Information

• The scientific name for mango is 'Mangifera indica.'
• Wheat is scientifically known as 'Triticum aestivum.'
• Maize is known scientifically as 'Zea mays.'

According to the given information:

By substituting the above symbols in the given equation, we get

⇒67 + 119 ÷  17 × 27  - 259 

⇒ 67 + 7 × 27  - 259 

⇒ 67 + 189 - 259

⇒ 256 - 259

= - 3

The correct answer is Argentina.

Key Points

• Argentina defeated France 4-2 on penalties to win their third World Cup, after 36 years on 19 December 2022.
• Croatia won the third place in FIFA World Cup 2022 by beating Morocco 2-1
• Golden Ball was awarded to Lionel Messi.
• He also got this award in 2014.
• With eight goals, Kylian Mbappe was awarded the Golden boot.
• Enzo Fernandez is awarded the Young Player of the Tournament award.
• While the goalkeeper of the tournament was given to Emiliano Martinez.​

Additional Information

• FIFA World Cup 2022 was held in Qatar.
• The 2022 FIFA under-17 Women's World Cup was held in India and Spain won that tournament.
• FIFA World Cup 2018 was held in Russia and France won that tournament.

Six people are sitting in a circle facing the center.

1. A is facing B

2. B sits to the right of E and to the left of C

3. C, D are to the left of A

4. F is to the right of A

5.  D changed their place with F and E with B.

E and F are on both side of C.

The correct answer is 42.

Key Points

• The 42^nd Amendment changed the description of India from a "sovereign democratic republic" to a "socialist secular democratic republic", and also changed the words "unity of the nation" to "unity and integrity of the nation".
• Amendment passed during an internal emergency by Indira Gandhi

Additional Information

• The 43^rd Amendment repealed six articles: 31D, 32A, 131A, 144A, 226A, and 228A.
• Articles 145, 228, and 366 were amended to facilitate the omission of these six articles.
• In the 36^th Amendment Formation of Sikkim as a State within the Indian Union was constituted.
• The 44^th Amendment provides for human rights safeguards and mechanisms to prevent abuse of executive and legislative authority. Annuls some Amendments enacted in Amendment Bill 42.
• Amendment passed after the revocation of internal emergency in the Country.

Indian painter is not a poet → F

Solution:

The average of two numbers is 9, so the sum of those two numbers is 2 * 9 = 18.

The average of three numbers is 4, so the sum of those three numbers is 3 * 4 = 12.

The sum of all five numbers is 18 + 12 = 30.

The average of those 5 numbers is 30 / 5 = 6.

As per the information given,

From front, 21 people are ahead of  Ram.

Solution:

Let x be the number of rupees in question. We are given that 60% of x is equal to 83(1/3) % of 90 rupees.

60/100 * x = 83.33/100 * 90

60/100 * x = 250/3 * 3

x = 250/3 * 3 * 100/60

x = 125

Therefore, the answer is 125

The correct answer is Mercury.

 Key Points

• Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at standard temperature and pressure.
• It is used in barometers, manometers, thermometers, and other scientific apparatus.

 Additional Information

• Sodium, gold, and iron are all examples of metals, but they are solid at standard temperatures and pressure.

G (20) + O (12) + A (26) + T (7) = 65

Similarly,

F (21) + A (26) + T (7) + I (18) = 72

The correct answer is Devgiri.

Key Points

• Muhammad bin Tughlaq succeeded to the throne of the Delhi in 1325 CE.
• Muhammad Tughluq adopted a number of administrative measures.
• But, a large portion of these failed because of his fretfulness and absence of judgment.
• In 1327 CE, Muhammad-Bin-Tughlaq shifted his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad or Devgiri.
• This was done to control his empire effectively as Daulatabad was centrally located.
• In this exodus, the Imperial Court and establishments were shifted initially followed by the citizens.
• The distance between Delhi and Daulatabad was around 1500 km.
• During migration, many people died because of the harsh weather.
• Those who reached Daulatabad experienced health issues and found it difficult to adjust in South India.
• In the following years, the courts and people were shifted back to Delhi.
• Thus, taking this measure was a huge blunder on the part of Muhammad-Bin-Tughlaq.

Solution:

The average speed of Shatabdi Express is calculated using the formula for the harmonic mean of two numbers.

The harmonic mean of two numbers a and b is given by 2ab/(a+b).

In this case, a is the speed of Shatabdi Express from Howrah to New Jalpaiguri, which is 100 kmph, and b is the speed of Shatabdi Express from New Jalpaiguri to Howrah, which is 120 kmph.

Plugging these values into the formula, we get:

2 * 100 * 120 / (100 + 120) = 24000 / 220 = 109(1/11) kmph

So, the average speed of Shatabdi Express is 109(1/11) kmph.

Given:

A sum of money triples itself

Time = 20 years

Concept used:

Simple interest = (Principal × Time × Rate) /100

Interest = Amount - Principal

Calculation:

Let the principal be x

Then, Amount = 3x

Interest = 3x – x = 2x

⇒ 2x = (x × 20 × R)/100

⇒ R = 10%

∴ The rate of interest is 10%

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols

From the family tree diagram it is clear that Soma is the sister of Chandra. Since Soma is the mother of Dwip, Dwip could be the niece or Nephew of Chandra. In the given options since nephew is present. Dwip is the nephew of Chandra.

The correct answer is Narsimhavarman.

Key Points

• The best or most significant emperor of the Pallava dynasty is often considered to be Narasimhavarman I (reigned c. 630–668 AD).
• Narasimhavarman I, also known as Mamalla, is particularly known for his military exploits and patronage of art and architecture.
• He is considered one of the greatest warriors of his time and is also credited with successfully defending his kingdom against the Chalukya ruler Pulakeshin II, thereby bringing about a shift in the regional power dynamics.
• One of his most renowned achievements is the defeat of Pulakeshin II of the Chalukya dynasty in the Battle of Manimangalam.
• After this, he took on the title "Vatapikonda", translating to "the conqueror of Vatapi" – the capital of the Chalukyas.
• Narasimhavarman I is also celebrated for his contribution towards the expansion of the rock-cut and structural temples in Mamallapuram, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city of Mamallapuram, earlier known as Mahabalipuram, also gets its modern name from the title Mamalla.

Additional Information

• Pulakeshin II was a notable ruler of the Chalukya dynasty.
• Rajaraja I was a prominent emperor of the Chola dynasty.
• Govinda III was a reputable ruler from the Rashtrakuta dynasty.

In conclusion, Narasimhavarman I is often considered the best emperor of the Pallava dynasty due to his military triumphs and significant contributions to art and architecture.

According to given information,

The distance between home and the last place = 20 km - 7 km

                                                                            = 13 km

Solution:

\(\frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{8} = \frac{1}{8}\)

\(2\frac{1}{2} = 2.5\)

\(2.5 \times \frac{1}{8} = \frac{5}{16}\)

\(\frac{3}{8} - \frac{5}{16} = \frac{1}{16}\)

\(2\frac{2}{3} = 2.\overline{6}\)

\(2.\overline{6} \times \frac{1}{16} = \frac{1}{6}\)

\(\frac{3}{4} + \frac{1}{6} = \frac{11}{12}\)

\(1\frac{2}{9} = \frac{11}{9}\)

\(\frac{11}{9} \div \frac{11}{12} =\frac{11}{9} \times \frac{12}{11}\)

⇒ 4/3 = \(1\frac{1}{3}\)

∴ The Correct answer is option (4).

Solution:

Let's assume the breadth of the rectangular field as "x" meters.

According to the given information, the length of the field is twice the breadth, so the length is "2x" meters.

The area of a rectangle is given by the formula:

Area = Length × Breadth

Given that the area of the field is 338 square meters, we can write the equation as:

338 = 2x × x

338 = 2x^2

Dividing both sides of the equation by 2:

169 = x^2

Taking the square root of both sides:

x = √169

x = 13

So, the breadth of the field is 13 meters, and the length is 2x = 2 × 13 = 26 meters.

The perimeter of a rectangle is given by the formula:

Perimeter = 2 × (Length + Breadth)

Substituting the values:

Perimeter = 2 × (26 + 13)

Perimeter = 2 × 39

Perimeter = 78 meters

Therefore, the perimeter of the rectangular field is 78 meters.

Given:

Side of the square = 45 m

Speed of the person = 9 km/h

To find the distance traveled for two rounds around the square, we can calculate the perimeter of the square and multiply it by 2:

Perimeter of the square = 4 * Side

                       = 4 * 45

                       = 180 m

The total distance traveled for two rounds around the square is 180 m * 2 = 360 m.

To convert the speed from km/h to m/s, we divide it by 3.6:

Speed in m/s = 9 km/h / 3.6

             = 2.5 m/s (approx)

Now, we can use the formula: Time = Distance / Speed

Time = 360 m / 2.5 m/s

      = 144 seconds

Therefore, it will take a person 144 seconds to go around twice around a square of side 45 m at a speed of 9 km/h.

The logic followed here is :-

We take the opposite letter of the former alphabet.

The correct answer is Kelvin.

 Key Points

• Kelvin is the base unit of temperature in the International System of Units (SI).
• It is one of the seven SI base units.
• It is named after the Scottish physicist William Thomson, 1^st Baron Kelvin.

 Additional Information

• Celsius, while commonly used for everyday temperature measurements, is not the SI base unit. The Celsius scale is based on the temperatures at which water freezes and boils.
• Fahrenheit is a temperature scale used primarily in the United States and its territories. It's not an SI unit.
• 'Degree' is a common unit used to measure temperature, but it's not specific to any scale. Both Celsius and Fahrenheit scales use the term 'degree.'

Solution:

⇒ Total Distance = 200 + 150 = 350 metres

⇒ Speed = 70 km/h = 70 × (5/18) = (35 x 5/9) m/sec

Distance = Speed × Time

⇒ 350 = (35 x 5/9) × Time

⇒ Time = (90)/5

⇒ Time = 18 seconds

∴ Time taken by train to cross the bridge is 18 seconds

9×7×4 + 10 = 262

6×5×3 + 9 = 99

10×8×7 + 13 = 573

Hence the correct answer is Option 2: 573

Solution:

Total Discount Percentage = 100 - ((100 - Discount1) * (100 - Discount2)) / 100

Given that the buyer gets a discount of 10% and 20% respectively, let's calculate the total discount percentage:

Total Discount Percentage = 100 - ((100 - 10) * (100 - 20)) / 100

                         = 100 - (90 * 80) / 100

                         = 100 - 72

                         = 28

Therefore, the buyer received a total discount of 28%.

The Imperial Bank of India, after nationalization was given the name of the State Bank of India.

Key Points

• The Imperial Bank of India came into existence on 27 January 1921.
• The founder of this bank was John Maynard Keynes.
• It acted as the central bank for British India prior to the formation of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in 1935.
• The Imperial Bank was 80% privately owned while the rest were owned by the state.

Hence, we conclude that the Imperial Bank of India, after. nationalization was given the name of the State Bank of India.

Additional Information

• Reserve Bank of India
• ​The Reserve Bank of India, which is the central bank of India nowadays.
• It commenced its operations on 1 April 1935 in accordance with the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.
• Following India's independence on 15 August 1947, the RBI was nationalized on 1 January 1949.
• ​Central Bank of India
• Central Bank of India is one of the oldest and largest commercial banks in India, founded in December 1911.
• It is a government-owned bank, with its headquarters in Mumbai, the financial capital of India.
• The bank provides a wide range of financial products and services, including loans, deposits, and investment vehicles, to individual customers, businesses, and government entities.
• United Bank of India
• United Bank of India was one of the significant public sector banks in India, established in 1950.
• The bank was headquartered in Kolkata and offered financial services like loans, deposits, and investment products.
• United Bank of India merged with Punjab National Bank in April 2020, creating one of India's largest nationalized banks.

The correct answer is Hypothyroidism.

 Key Points

• Goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland, which is located in the neck. This enlargement can cause the neck to look swollen.
• The most common cause of goiter worldwide is a lack of iodine in the diet. In countries where iodine has been added to table salt, the most common cause of goiter is an autoimmune disease called Hashimoto's disease.
• Hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone, can also cause goiter.

 Additional Information

• Hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, can also cause goiter but it's not the only cause.
• Diabetes Mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. It's not related to goiter.
• Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health. It's also not related to goiter.

Given word is "NATIONALISM"

Each vowel is replaced by the letter immediately following it.

Each consonant is replaced by the letter immediately preceding it.

MBSJPMBKJRL

Seventh letter from the left of the new alphabet → B

The correct answer is Weight.

Key Points

• The force by which the Earth, or any celestial body, attracts an object towards its center is called 'Weight'.
• Weight is the force exerted on an object due to gravity. It's a vector quantity, meaning it has both a magnitude (how strong the force is) and a direction (directed towards the center of the Earth or any other celestial object). This is why objects always fall towards the ground if there's no other force acting on it.
• In an equation form, the weight (W) of an object is calculated as the product of its mass (m) and the gravitational acceleration (g):
• W = m * g

Additional Information

• The mass (m) refers to the amount of matter present in the object. It's a scalar quantity and doesn't change depending on where the object is in the universe.
• Gravitational acceleration (g), meanwhile, is the rate of increase of velocity caused by the gravitational force. On Earth, this is approximately 9.81 m/s² - it means an object falling freely near the Earth's surface increases its velocity by 9.81 m/s for every second of its descent. This value can vary slightly depending on the location (it's less at the poles and larger at the equator).
• In physics, force is defined as any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object. It is a vector quantity with both magnitude and direction, which can cause an object with mass to accelerate or deform.

Solution:

Compare the given numbers by converting them to decimals:

• 5/9 = 0.555...

• 0.23 = 0.23

• √25/49 = 5/7 ≈ 0.714

• (0.8)^2 = 0.64

So, the greatest number among 5/9, 0.23, √25/49, and (0.8)^2 is √25/49 which is approximately equal to 0.714.

Therefore, the greatest among these numbers is ​​\(\sqrt {\frac{{25}}{{49}}} \).

The given word is "UNDERSTANDING"

Letters of the word UNDERSTANDING are arranged according to the English alphabet from the left and one letter is taken only once

ADEGINRSTU

Eighth letter from the left → S

Given:

1/2 part of the pole is in mud.

1/3 part of the pole is in water.

The pole is 25 m above water.

Solution:

Let's assume the total length of the pole as "L".

The portion of the pole in mud is 1/2 * L.

The portion of the pole in water is 1/3 * L.

The portion of the pole above water is 25 m.

To find the total length of the pole, we can add these three portions:

L = (1/2 * L) + (1/3 * L) + 25

To simplify the equation, we can multiply through by the common denominator of 6:

6L = 3L + 2L + 150

Combining like terms:

6L = 5L + 150

Subtracting 5L from both sides:

L = 150

Therefore, the total height of the pole is 150 meters.

The correct answer is Glacier.

Key Points

• Glacier:
• Glaciers are large, slow-moving masses of ice that have the ability to erode and shape the land.
• Hanging valleys are formed when smaller side glaciers converge with larger main glaciers.
• The smaller glaciers don't erode the landscape as deeply as the larger glaciers, leaving the valleys 'hanging' above the main glacier valley when the glaciers recede.
• Later these hanging valleys can be seen as tributaries to the main valleys and often have waterfalls cascading down from them.

Additional Information

• Volcano: Volcanic activity can create numerous landforms, including volcanic cones, calderas, and lava plateaus, among others. However, hanging valleys are not among the landforms directly created by volcanic activity.
• Sea: The action of the sea, specifically erosion, can produce coastal landforms like cliffs, caves, arches, and stacks. But hanging valleys are not formed by the activities of the sea.
• River: While rivers can create various landforms through the processes of erosion and deposition, such as river valleys, floodplains, deltas, and oxbow lakes, hanging valleys are not a result of river processes.

Solution:

The sum of the series 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n can be found using the formula for the sum of an arithmetic series:

Sum = (n/2) * (first term + last term)

In this case, the first term is 1 and the last term is 25, so we can substitute these values into the formula:

Sum = (25/2) * (1 + 25)

     = (25/2) * 26

     = 325

Therefore, the sum of the number series 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 25 is 325.

Drawing the diagram,

The man is Paternal aunt's husband of the woman.

The correct answer is Igneous Rock.

Key PointsThe earth's crust is made up of various types of rocks, differing from one another in texture, structure, colour, permeability, mode of occurrence, and degree of resistance to denudation.

Generally speaking, all rocks may be classified into three major groups:

• Igneous Rocks,
• Sedimentary Rocks,
• Metamorphic Rocks. 1. Igneous Rocks:
• Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and solidification of molten rock (magma) from beneath the earth's crust.
• Example: Granite, Gabbro, Basalt, etc.

2. Sedimentary Rocks:

• Sedimentary rocks are formed by the process of weathering and cementation or precipitation on the Earth's surface.
• Example: Sandstones, shales, limestones, Mudstones, etc 3. Metamorphic Rocks:
• Formed when rocks are subjected to high heat, high-pressure changes inside the Earth.
• Example: Gneissoid, slate, schist, marble quartzite, etc

The correct answer is Hussain Shah.

Key Points

• The title 'Akbar of Bengal' is attributed to Sultan Alauddin Hussain Shah. He was the founder of the Hussain Shahi dynasty and ruled Bengal from 1494 to 1538 CE.
• During his reign of nearly four decades, Sultan Alauddin Hussain Shah is credited with a variety of administrative, cultural, and military achievements, making him one of the most significant figures in the history of Bengal.
• His reign is considered a golden period in the history of Bengal, similar to how Akbar's reign is seen in the context of the Mughal Empire. Hence, he's often referred to as the "Akbar of Bengal".
• Hussain Shah expanded his territories to include not only Bengal but also parts of Bihar, Orissa, and Assam, making his empire exceptionally large. He maintained peaceful relations with the rulers of neighbouring territories.
• In addition, he was a great patron of literature and culture. Under his patronage, Bengali literature flourished exceptionally.
• He was also deeply committed to creating an environment of religious tolerance, with various religious communities thriving under his rule.

→ (5 × 6 × 4) ÷ 10 = 120 ÷ 10 = 12 = Middle number

→ (10 × 4 × 9) ÷ 10 = 360 ÷ 10 = 36 = Middle number

 → (15 × 6 × 7) ÷ 10 = 630 ÷ 10 = 63 = Middle number

Hence the correct answer is "Option (63)"

The correct answer is Raipur.

Key PointsChhattisgarh is a state of central India.

• O n 1 November 2000, this state was carved out of Madhya Pradesh.
• Chhattisgarh is the 17^th-most populated state in the country.
• Chhattisgarh is the 26^th State of the Union.
• The state was formed by partitioning ten Chhattisgarhi and six Gondi-speaking southeastern districts of Madhya Pradesh.
• Its capital is Raipur.
• This state is bounded by the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand to the north and northeast, Odisha (Orissa) to the east, Telangana (formerly part of Andhra Pradesh) to the south, and Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh to the west.

The correct answer is First.

Key Points

• A common balance (or a beam balance) is an example of a first-class lever.
• In a first-class lever, the fulcrum (pivot point) is situated between the effort and the load. In simple terms, it's the spot where the lever rotates or pivots.
• For a common balance, this is clearly seen as the following:
• The effort is applied at one end (you place an object on one balance pan), the load is at the other end (you place counterweights on the other balance pan), and the fulcrum is in the middle (the point around which the balance beam rotates).
• When a common balance is balanced, it means that the effort times its distance from the fulcrum equals the load times its distance from the fulcrum.
• First class levers are the most familiar in our daily lives as they include tools like scissors, pliers, seesaws, and crowbars.

Additional Information

• A second-class lever is one where the load is between the effort and the fulcrum, like in a wheelbarrow or a nutcracker or a door opened by a handle.
• A third-class lever is when the effort is between the load and the fulcrum, like in a pair of tweezers or a human arm (with the elbow as the fulcrum, the biceps muscle providing the effort, and the load in the hand).

The logic followed here is - Add the positional value of the letters.

S(19) + L (12) + I (9) + P (16) = 56

Similarly,

T (20) + A (1) + S(19) + K (11) = 51

The correct answer is Guru Govind Singh.

Key Points

• The religious guru who instructed the Sikhs to hold the five 'K's is Guru Gobind Singh.
• Guru Gobind Singh was the 10^th Sikh Guru and he gave the Sikhs the five 'K's, which are also known as the Five Kakkars.
• They are specific articles of faith that all baptized Sikhs (Khalsa) are obliged to wear, symbolizing the ideals of Sikhism.
• The five 'K's are:
• Kesh – Uncut Hair: It symbolizes acceptance of God's will. Sikh devotees never cut their hair to show their acceptance of the body in its natural state.
• Kangha – A Wooden Comb: It represents cleanliness. It's used for grooming the uncut hair and keeping it tidy, a symbol of discipline.
• Kara – An Iron Bracelet: It serves as a constant reminder of one’s task and the community one belongs to. It's worn around the right wrist and denotes the eternal nature of God.
• Kacha – Cotton Undergarments: It symbolizes chastity. It aids in ready movement and is a constant reminder of the vow of fidelity.
• Kirpan – A Sword: It symbolizes dignity and the Sikh struggle against injustice. It is a tool of defense, which is entrusted only after a Sikh vows to use it responsibly.

Additional Information

• Guru Ranjit Singh, while an important figure in Sikh history, was not a religious guru but a leader, known as the "Lion of Punjab" and the founder of the Sikh Empire.
• Guru Teg Bahadur was the ninth Sikh Guru and is known for his martyrdom for the sake of religious freedom.
• Guru Hargobind was the sixth Sikh Guru who introduced the concept of Miri and Piri, signifying the integration of temporal and spiritual power.

The correct answer is 1784.

Key Points

• Pitt's India Act of 1784:​​
• It was named after the British prime minister William Pitt the Younger.
• The Pitt’s India Act, 1784 also called the East India Company Act, 1784.
• Pitt’s India Act, 1784 was passed to rectify the defects of the Regulating Act of 1773.
• It distinguished between the commercial and political functions of the company.
• It allowed the Court of Directors to manage the commercial affairs but created a new body called the Board of Control to manage the political affairs.
• It empowered the Board of Control to supervise and direct all operations of the civil and military government or revenues of the British possessions in India.
• The company's territories in India were for the first time called the 'British possessions in India'.
• The British Government was given supreme control over Company's affairs and its administration in India.

Calculation:

\(999\frac{{88}}{{99}} \times 99 = ?\)

? = (999 × 99 + 88)/(99) × 99

⇒ (98901 + 88)/99 × 99 =  =

⇒ 98989/99 × 99

⇒  98989

∴ Option 4 will be the correct choice.