UP Lekhpal Mains Exam (Held on- 31st July 2022) (Previous Year Paper)

सही उत्तर उपर्युक्त सभी है। 

 Key Points

• ​मनुष्य को निष्काम भाव से सफलता-असफलता की चिंता किए बिना अपने कर्तव्य का पालन करना है।
• आशा या निराशा के चक्र में फँसे बिना उसे निरंतर कर्तव्यरत रहना है।

Additional Information

• आशा का विलोम शब्द निराशा होता है।
• कर्तव्य का विलोम अकर्तव्य होगा।
• चिंता का विलोम निश्चिंत होगा।

सही उत्तर असफलता को है। 

Key Points

• मनीषियों ने सफलता की कुंजी असफलता को कहा है क्योंकि मनुष्य का जीवन धारण करके व्यक्ति को कर्म-पथ से कभी विचलित नहीं होना चाहिए।
• क्योंकि धन और बल समय तथा उम्र के साथ धोखा दे जाते हैं पर असफलता से मिली सीख हमेशा याद रहती है।

Additional Information

• असफल व्यक्ति अनुभव की संपत्ति अर्जित करता है, जो उसके भावी जीवन का निर्माण करती है।
• जीवन में अनेक बार ऐसा होता है कि हम जिस उद्देश्य की प्राप्ति के लिए परिश्रम करते हैं, वह पूरा नहीं होता।
• लेकिन मनुष्य का जीवन धारण करके कर्म-पथ से कभी विचलित नहीं होना चाहिए।

सही उत्तर अनुभव की संपत्ति है। 

Key Points

• असफल व्यक्ति अनुभव की संपत्ति अर्जित करता है।
• क्योंकि अनुभव जीवन में व्यक्ति के बहुत काम आते हैं।
• यश-अपयश, धन-दौलत, आशा-निराशा तो कभी भी आते जाते रहते हैं पर अनुभव के द्वारा व्यक्ति अपना पथ खोज ही लेता है।

Additional Information

• विघ्न-बाधाओं की, सफलता-असफलता की तथा हानि-लाभ की चिंता किए बिना कर्तव्य के मार्ग पर चलते रहने में जो आनंद एवं उत्साह है, उसमें ही जीवन की सार्थकता है, ऐसा जीवन ही सफल है।

सही उत्तर जो असफल होने पर दोबारा प्रयत्न नहीं करते। है। 

Key Points

• जो असफल होने पर दोबारा प्रयत्न नहीं करते उन व्यक्तियों का जीवन बोझ बन जाता है।
• इसलिए कहा जाता है कि मन से कभी हार नहीं माननी चाहिए और जिस कार्य में सफलता न मिली हो उसे करने के लिए दोबारा उतनी ही हिम्मत से उस कार्य को पूरा करने में लग जाना चाहिए।

Additional Information

• विघ्न-बाधाओं की, सफलता-असफलता की तथा हानि-लाभ की चिंता किए बिना कर्तव्य के मार्ग पर चलते रहने में जो आनंद एवं उत्साह है, उसमें ही जीवन की सार्थकता है, ऐसा जीवन ही सफल है।

सही उत्तर कर्तव्य मार्ग पर चलने के आनंद में है। 

Key Points

• जीवन की सार्थकता तभी है जब व्यक्ति कर्तव्य मार्ग पर चलने में ही आनंद लेता है।
• हर समय सोने से या बहुत अधिक धन कमाने से या फिर दूसरों से केवल अपना काम निकलवाने में जीवन की सार्थकता नहीं है।

Additional Information

• ​मनुष्य का जीवन धारण करके कर्म-पथ से कभी विचलित नहीं होना चाहिए।
• विघ्न-बाधाओं की, सफलता-असफलता की तथा हानि-लाभ की चिंता किए बिना कर्तव्य के मार्ग पर चलते रहने में जो आनंद एवं उत्साह है, उसमें ही जीवन की सार्थकता है, ऐसा जीवन ही सफल है।

सही उत्तर मोद, हर्ष है। 

Key Points

• 'आनंद' शब्द का उचित पर्यायवाची शब्द 'मोद, हर्ष' है।
• आनंद शब्द के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं- सुख, आमोद, प्रसन्नता, आह्राद, प्रमोद, उल्लास, हर्ष, सुख, आमोद, मोद, प्रसन्नता, आह्राद, प्रमोद, उल्लास।

अन्य विकल्प: 

• अचल के पर्यायवाची शब्द - नग, भूधर, महीधर, नगपति, शिखर, अद्री, तुंग, धरणीधर।
• तनुज के पर्यायवाची शब्द - तनय, नंदन, सुत, पुत्र, बेटा, आत्मज, वत्स।
• शाल के पर्यायवाची - सखुआ, साखू, एक प्रकार का प्रसिद्ध वृक्ष।

Additional Information

• समान अर्थवाले शब्दों को 'पर्यायवाची शब्द' या समानार्थक भी कहते है।
• जैसे- सूर्य, दिनकर, दिवाकर, रवि, भास्कर, भानु, दिनेश- इन सभी शब्दों का अर्थ है 'सूरज'।​

सही उत्तर द्वंद्व समास है। 

Key Points

• ''अपना-पराया'' में द्वंद्व समास होगा क्योंकि 'अपना-पराया' का समास विग्रह होगा 'अपना अथवा पराया'।
• इसमें योजक के स्थान पर 'अथवा' शब्द का प्रयोग हुआ है- अपना या तो पराया।
• जिस समास में प्रथम और द्वितीय दोनों पद प्रधान होते हैं उसे द्वन्द्व समास कहते हैं।
• जैसे- रात-दिन, दूध-रोटी

अन्य विकल्प: 

• द्विगु समास - जिस समास में पूर्वपद संख्यावाचक हो, द्विगु समास कहलाता है।
• जैसे- नवरत्न = नौ रत्नों का समूह.।
• बहुव्रीहि समास - जिस समास में दोनों पदों के माध्यम से एक विशेष (तीसरे) अर्थ का बोध होता है, बहुव्रीहि समास कहलाता है। 
• जैसे - महात्मा = महान् आत्मा है जिसकी अर्थात् ऊँची आत्मा वाला।
• तत्पुरुष समास - जिस समास में पूर्वपद गौण तथा उत्तरपद प्रधान हो, तत्पुरुष समास कहलाता है। दोनों पदों के बीच परसर्ग का लोप रहता है।
• जैसे - मतदाता = मत को देने वाला।

Important Points

• दो या दो से अधिक शब्दों का परस्पर सम्बन्ध बताने वाले शब्दों अथवा कारक चिह्नों का लोप होने पर उन दो अथवा दो से अधिक शब्दों के मेल से बने एक स्वतन्त्र शब्द को समास कहते हैं।
• उदाहरण ‘दया का सागर’ का सामासिक शब्द बनता है ‘दयासागर’।

सही उत्तर वीर + अंगना है। 

Key Points

 वीर + अंगना की संधि "वीरांगना" है।

• नियम- अ + अ= आ
• इसमें दीर्घ स्वर संधि है।
• अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ और ऋ के बाद ह्रस्व या दीर्घ अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ और ऋ स्वर आ जाएँ तो दोनों मिलकर दीर्घ आ, ई, ऊ और ऋ हो जाते हैं।
• इस मेल से बनने वाली संधि को दीर्घ स्वर संधि कहते हैं।

अन्य विकल्प: 

• पत्र + आलय = पत्रालय - (अ + आ= आ)  दीर्घ स्वर संधि।
• मरण + आसन्न = मरणासन्न - (अ + आ= आ)  दीर्घ स्वर संधि।
• यथा + अर्थ = यथार्थ - (आ + अ= आ) दीर्घ स्वर संधि।

Additional Information

• दो वर्णों या ध्वनियों के संयोग से होने वाले विकार (परिवर्तन) को सन्धि कहते हैं।
• सन्धि करते समय कभी–कभी एक अक्षर में, कभी–कभी दोनों अक्षरों में परिवर्तन होता है और कभी–कभी दोनों अक्षरों के स्थान पर एक तीसरा अक्षर बन जाता है।
• इस सन्धि पद्धति द्वारा भी शब्द–रचना होती है। 
• जैसे - सुर + इन्द्र = सुरेन्द्र।
• संधि के तीन भेद होते हैं- स्वर संधि, व्यंजन संधि और विसर्ग संधि।

सही उत्तर मृत्यु के समीप होना है। 

Key Points

• मुहावरा - कब्र में पैर लटकना
• अर्थ - मृत्यु के समीप होना।
• वाक्य - शर्मा जी के तो कब्र में पैर लटक रहे हैं, अब वे लम्बी यात्रा नहीं कर सकते।

Additional Information

• ‘मुहावरा’ शब्द अरबी भाषा का है जिसका अर्थ है ‘अभ्यास होना’ या ‘आदी होना’।
• इस प्रकार मुहावरा शब्द अपने–आप में स्वयं मुहावरा है, क्योंकि यह अपने सामान्य अर्थ को छोड़कर असामान्य अर्थ प्रकट करता है।

सही उत्तर सलाई है। 

Key Points

• 'शलाका' का तद्भव रूप 'सलाई' होता है।
• सलाई स्त्रीलिंग शब्द है।
• जिसका अर्थ होता है - काठ, धातु आदि का छोटा और पतला छड़।

Additional Information

सही उत्तर लालायित है।

Key Points

• दिए गए सभी शब्दों में से 'लालायित' शब्द वर्तनीगत शुद्ध है।
• लालायित विशेषण शब्द है।
• इसका अर्थ 'ललचाया हुआ' होता है।

अन्य विकल्प: 

• अशुद्ध - भाग्यमान
• शुद्ध - भाग्यवान
• अशुद्ध - रमायन
• शुद्ध - रामायण
• अशुद्ध - वाल्मिकी
• शुद्ध - वाल्मीकि ​

Additional Information

• शुद्ध वर्तनी का अर्थ है – शब्दों में मात्राओं का सही प्रयोग करके सही शब्द लिखना।
• जैसे अकाश – आकाश, इद – ईद, उष्मा- ऊष्मा आदि।

सही उत्तर 3 और 4 है.

Key Points

• दिए गए सभी विकल्पों में से 'विस्मरण और हितैषी' शब्द वर्तनीगत शुद्ध हैं।
• 'विस्मरण' शब्द का अर्थ 'भूलना' होता है।
• 'हितैषी' शब्द का अर्थ 'कल्याण मनाने वाला' होता है।

अन्य विकल्प: 

• अशुद्ध - अधोगती
• शुद्ध - अधोगति
• अशुद्ध - ऊजवल
• शुद्ध - उज्ज्वल

Additional Information 

• शुद्ध वर्तनी का अर्थ है – शब्दों में मात्राओं का सही प्रयोग करके सही शब्द लिखना।
• जैसे अकाश – आकाश, इद – ईद, उष्मा- ऊष्मा आदि।

सही उत्तर संबल है।

Key Points

• दिए गए सभी शब्दों में से 'संबल' शब्द स्त्रीलिंग नहीं है।
• अन्य सभी शब्द स्त्रीलिंग है।
• 'संबल' का अर्थ 'सहारा' होता है।
• वाक्य प्रयोग- यह इतना बड़ा संबल था, जिसके बूते मैं पारिवारिक उपेक्षा की भव बाधा को सहजता से पार कर सकता था।

अन्य विकल्प:

• यामा का अर्थ रात्रि होता है।
• योजना का अर्थ कार्य करने की रूपरेखा होगा।
• वाक्य प्रयोग- उसने एक योजना बनाई।
• भिक्षा का अर्थ याचना या मांगना होगा।
• वाक्य प्रयोग- उसने भिक्षा माँगी।

Additional Information

सही उत्तर कृपण - दाता है। 

Key Points 

• दिए गए सभी विकल्पों में से सही विलोम-युग्म 'कृपण - दाता' है।
• कृपण का अर्थ कंजूस होता है।
• दाता का अर्थ देनेवाला होगा।

अन्य विकल्प: 

• सांझ का विलोम भोर होता है।
• शुष्क का विलोम आर्द्र होता है।
• क्षुद्र का विलोम विशाल होता है।
• प्रसन्न का विलोम खेद होता है।
• प्रफुल्ल का विलोम म्लान होता है।

Additional Information 

• ‘विलोम’ शब्द का अर्थ है-उल्टा या विपरीत।
• अत: किसी शब्द का उल्टा अर्थ व्यक्त करने वाला शब्द विलोमार्थक शब्द कहलाता है।
• विलोम शब्द का अंग्रेज़ी पर्याय ‘Antonyms’ होता है।

सही उत्तर यमराज \ पति (स्वामी) है। 

Key Points

• 'जीवनपति' का समानार्थी शब्द यमराज \ पति (स्वामी) है।
• पति का पर्यायवाची- भर्ता, वल्लभ, स्वामी, प्राणाधार, प्राणप्रिय, प्राणेश, आर्यपुत्र।
• 'यमराज' शब्द के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं - अन्तक, वैवस्वत, काल, सर्वभूतक्षय, औदुभ्बर, दघ्न, नील, परमेष्ठी, वृकोदर, चित्र और चित्रगुप्त।

अन्य विकल्प: 

• औरत के पर्यायवाची शब्द - महिला, स्त्री, नारी, वनिता, अबला, मानवी, रमणी, कामिनी, कांता आदि है।
• आदमी के पर्यायवाची शब्द - नर, मानव, मानुष, मनुज, मनुष्य।
• महीपति के पर्यायवाची - अवनीश, नरपति, नरेन्द्र, महिपाल, राजा, नृप, भूपति, भूप, नरेश।

Additional Information

• समान अर्थ वाले शब्दों को 'पर्यायवाची शब्द' या समानार्थक भी कहते है।
• जैसे- सूर्य, दिनकर, दिवाकर, रवि, भास्कर, भानु, दिनेश- इन सभी शब्दों का अर्थ है 'सूरज' ।​

सही उत्तर अतीन्द्रिय है।

Key Points

• 'जिसे इन्द्रियों से अनुभव न किया जा सके' अनेक पद के लिए एक शब्द है - अतीन्द्रिय।

​अन्य विकल्प:

• इंद्रिय - शरीर के ज्ञान एवं कर्म के साधन रूप अंग।
• इन्द्रियजीत - इन्द्र को जीतने वाला।

Additional Information

सही उत्तर विवाह है। 

Key Points

• दिए गए सभी शब्दों में से 'विवाह' शब्द पुल्लिंग है।
• 'विवाह' अर्थात 'दांपत्य बंधन'।
• वाक्य प्रयोग- उसका विवाह हो गया।

अन्य विकल्प: 

• पूर्ति अर्थात पूरा होने की क्रिया।
• अभिव्यक्ति अर्थात प्रकट करना।
• छवि अर्थात शोभा।

Additional Information 

सही उत्तर पंखे है। 

Key Points

• दिए गए सभी शब्दों में से 'पंखा' का बहुवचन शब्द 'पंखे' होगा।
• पंखा का अर्थ- बिजली से चलने वाला वह यंत्र जो हवा देता है।

Additional Information

सही उत्तर दु: + शासन है। 

Key Points

• 'दुश्शासन' का संधि-विग्रह होगा- दु: + शासन।
• यह विसर्ग संधि का उदाहरण है।
• स्वर और व्यंजन के मेल से विसर्ग में जो विसर्ग होता है उसे विसर्ग संधि कहते है।
• विसर्ग ( : ) के साथ जब किसी स्वर अथवा व्यंजन का मेल होता है तो उसे विसर्ग-संधि कहते हैं।

Additional Information

सही उत्तर अक्षर है। 

Key Points

• दिए गए सभी शब्दों में से 'अक्षर' शब्द तत्सम है।
• अक्षर का तद्भव रूप अच्छर / आखर है।
• हिन्दी भाषा के वे शब्द जो सीधे संस्कृत से ज्यों के त्यों नहीं लिए गये बल्कि वे शब्द जो संस्कृत से पालि, पालि से प्राकृत, प्राकृत से अपभ्रंश तथा अपभ्रंश से पुरानी हिन्दी से होते हुए घिस-पिटकर परिवर्तित रूप में हिन्दी में प्रयुक्त हो रहे हैं, हिन्दी के तद्भव शब्द कहलाते हैं।

अन्य विकल्प: 

• आँसू शब्द का तत्सम रूप अश्रु है।
• आँख शब्द का तत्सम रूप अक्षि है।
• असीस शब्द का तत्सम रूप आशीष है।

Additional Information 

सही उत्तर पहला, दूसरा, तीसरा और चौथा चारों विकल्‍प 4 है। 

Key Points

• दिए गए विकल्पों में पहला, दूसरा, तीसरा और चौथा चारों वाक्य अशुद्ध हैं।
• अशुद्ध वाक्य - उसे मृत्युदंड की सजा हुई। (पुनुरुक्ति दोष)
• शुद्ध वाक्य - उसे मृत्युदंड मिला।
• अशुद्ध वाक्य - विंध्याचल पर्वत पर घने जंगल हैं। (पुनुरुक्ति दोष)
• शुद्ध वाक्य - विंध्याचल पर घने जंगल हैं। (विंध्याचल में 'अचल' का अर्थ पर्वत ही है)
• अशुद्ध वाक्य - यहाँ शुद्ध भैंस का दूध मिलता है। (पदक्रम संबंधी)
• शुद्ध वाक्य - यहाँ भैंस का शुद्ध दूध मिलता है।
• अशुद्ध वाक्य - मेरे को उससे बात करना पसंद नहीं है। (सर्वनाम संबंधी)
• शुद्ध वाक्य - मुझे उससे बात करना पसंद नहीं है।

Additional Information 

• एक ही वाक्य में जब एक ही अर्थ/भाव को प्रकट करने वाले दो शब्दों का प्रयोग कर दिया जाता है तो वाक्य अशुद्ध हो जाता है।
• वाक्य शुद्धि के प्रकार-
• संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, कारक, लिंग, वचन, पुनुरुक्ति और पदक्रम संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ मुख्य होती हैं।

सही उत्तर समान प्रवृति वाले ही एक दूसरे को सराहते हैं है। 

Key Points

• 'खग जाने खग की ही भाषा' का अर्थ है - समान प्रवृति वाले ही एक दूसरे को सराहते हैं।
• यह एक लोकोक्ति है।
• 'खग जाने खग की ही भाषा- एकसमान वातावरण में रहनेवाले अथवा प्रवृत्तिवाले एक-दूसरे की बातों के सार शीघ्र ही समझ लेते हैं।
• वाक्य प्रयोग- वह बहुत अजीब है, मुझे तो वो समझ ही नी आता, खग जाने खग की भाषा।

Additional Information

सही उत्तर सम्प्रदान कारक है। 

Key Points

• 'हरि मोहन को रुपये देता है।' वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द 'संप्रदान कारक' है।
• इस वाक्य में मोहन के लिए क्रिया की जा रही है रुपये देने की, इसलिए यहाँ सम्प्रदान कारक है।
• जब किसी को कोई चीज़ दी जाए तब वहाँ सम्प्रदान कारक होता है।
• कर्म कारक में क्रिया के व्यापार का फल कर्म पर पड़ता है और सम्प्रदान कारक में देने के भाव में या उपकार के भाव में को का प्रयोग होता है।

अन्य विकल्प: 

सही उत्तर प्रातःकालीन सूर्य, सिन्दूर है। 

Key Points

• 'अरुण' शब्द का अनेकार्थी है - प्रातःकालीन सूर्य, सिन्दूर।
• इसके अलावा 'लाल, सूर्य का सारथी' भी इसका अनेकार्थी शब्द है।

अन्य विकल्प: 

• गुलाबी का अनेकार्थी शब्द: गुलाब का, गुलाब के रंग का, हलका (जाड़ा) आदि ये सभी गुलाबी के अनेकार्थी शब्द हैं।
• नवीन का अर्थ नया होता है।
• आक को मदार कहते हैं जो एक जंगली पौधा होता है।

​ Additional Information

सही उत्तर अनेकों लोग है। 

Key Points

• 'आज की सभा में अनेकों लोग उपस्थित थे।' इस वाक्य में 'अनेकों' शब्द का प्रयोग सही नहीं है।
• 'अनेकों' के स्थान पर 'अनेक' शब्द व्याकरण की दृष्टि से सही है क्योंकि 'अनेक' शब्द बहुवचन है।
• पूर्ण शुद्ध वाक्य- 'आज की सभा में अनेक लोग उपस्थित थे।'

Additional Information

• एक ही वाक्य में जब एक ही अर्थ/भाव को प्रकट करने वाले दो शब्दों का प्रयोग कर दिया जाता है तो वाक्य अशुद्ध हो जाता है।
• वाक्य शुद्धि के प्रकार-
• संज्ञा-संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
• लिंग संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
• वचन-संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
• कारक-संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
• सर्वनाम-संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
• विशेषण-संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
• क्रिया-संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ

Given:

18 + 15 ÷ 3 × 9 

Concept:

Calculation:

18 + 15 ÷ 3 × 9

⇒ 18 + 5 × 9

⇒ 18 + 45

⇒ 63

∴ option 1 is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

If a constant 'k' is added to each observation in a data set, the mean of the data set also increases by the same constant 'k'.

New Mean = Old Mean + k

New Mean = 30 + 3 = 33

∴ The correct answer is 33.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total numbers (n) = 15

Mean of 15 numbers = 30

Value added to each number = 3

Formula Used:

Mean = Sum of observations ÷ Total number of observations

⇒ Sum of original 15 numbers = Mean × n = 30 × 15 = 450

⇒ If 3 is added to each of the 15 numbers, total increase = 15 × 3 = 45

⇒ New Sum = 450 + 45 = 495

⇒ New Mean = New Sum ÷ 15

⇒ New Mean = 495 ÷ 15 = 33

∴ The correct answer is 33.

Additional Information

Effect of Operations on Mean

If every observation is multiplied by k, the new mean becomes k × Old Mean. If every observation is divided by k (k ≠ 0), the new mean becomes Old Mean ÷ k.

Linear Transformation of Mean

If Y = aX + b, then Mean(Y) = a × Mean(X) + b. This shows that mean is sensitive to both change of scale (multiplication) and change of origin (addition).

Sum of Deviations

The sum of deviations of a set of observations from their arithmetic mean is always zero. Σ(x_i − Mean) = 0.

Shortcut Trick
Mode is the value that appears most frequently in a given dataset.
Arranging the data in ascending order: 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 6, 7, 7
The frequency of observation 3 is 4, which is the highest among all values.
∴ The correct answer is 3.Alternate Method
Given:
Dataset: 3, 4, 4, 3, 6, 7, 7, 4, 3, 3
Formula Used:
Mode = Observation with the highest frequency

Let's find the frequency of each observation by counting them individually:
⇒ Frequency of 3: 4 times
⇒ Frequency of 4: 3 times
⇒ Frequency of 6: 1 time
⇒ Frequency of 7: 2 times
⇒ Comparing the frequencies: 4 > 3 > 2 > 1
⇒ Since the value 3 has the highest frequency (4), the mode of the dataset is 3.
∴ The correct answer is 3.Additional Information
Mode Types
A dataset with one mode is called unimodal, with two modes is bimodal, and with more than two modes is multimodal. If all values occur with the same frequency, there is no mode.
Empirical Relationship Formula
In a moderately skewed distribution, the relationship between the three measures of central tendency is: Mode = 3 × Median − 2 × Mean.
Mean and Median Definitions
The mean is the average of the values (Sum ÷ Total count), and the median is the middle value of the data when arranged in ascending or descending order.

Shortcut Trick

Arrange the given data in ascending order: 10, 12, 12, 13, 14, 15, 21.

Count the total number of observations (n) = 7.

Since n is odd, the Median is the middle term: ((7 + 1) ÷ 2)^th term.

The 4^th term in the sorted list is 13.

∴ The correct answer is 13.

Alternate Method

Given: Data set = {13, 15, 12, 21, 10, 14, 12}

Formula Used: For an odd number of observations (n), Median = ((n + 1) ÷ 2)^th observation.

⇒ Step 1: Arrange data

Given:

Side of an equilateral triangle = 18 cm

Concept used:

All the sides of an equilateral triangle are equal.

Formula:

The perimeter of an equilateral triangle = 3a

Calculation:

Perimeter of equilateral triangle = 3 × 18 = 54 cm

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Formula used:

Area of a rectangle = L × B

Calculation:

Given here,

Length of a rectangle = 12 cm

Breadth of a rectangle = 11 cm

So, Area of a rectangle = L × B

⇒ Area of a rectangle = 12 × 11 = 132 cm²

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Given here,

It is clearly shows from the table that maximum number of students is in class 19-21.

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Factors of 2240 are numbers that, when multiplied in pairs give the product as 2240. There are overall 28 factors of 2240, of which 2, 5, 7 are its prime factors.

The prime factorization of 2240 is 2⁶ × 5¹ × 7¹.

All factors of 2240 are: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 14, 16, 20, 28, 32, 35, 40, 56, 64, 70, 80, 112, 140, 160, 224, 280, 320, 448, 560, 1120 and 2240.

Sum of all factors = 1 + 2 + 4 + 5 + 7 + 8 + 10 + 14 + 16 + 20 + 28 + 32 + 35 + 40 + 56 + 64 + 70 + 80 + 112 + 140 + 160 + 224 + 280 + 320 + 448 + 560 + 1120 + 2240 = 6096

⇒ Sum of all factors = 6096

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Alternate Method Concept:

If N = a^p × b^q × c^r where a, b, and c are prime numbers then,

Sum of factors of N = (a⁰ + a¹ + ...a^p) × (b⁰ + b¹ + ....b^q) × (c⁰ + c¹ +...c^r)

Calculation:

The prime factorization of 2240 = 2⁶ × 5¹ × 7¹

The sum of factors = (2⁰ + 2¹ + ....+ 2⁶) × (5⁰ + 5¹) × (7⁰ + 7¹)

⇒ (1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 + 64) × (1 + 5) × (1 + 7)

⇒ (127) × (6) × (8)

⇒ 6096

∴ The correct answer is 6096.

Average earning of a company = \(\frac{(2640 + 3720 + 2520 + 3360 + 3120 + 4320 + 5040 + 3120)}{8}\) = 27840/8 = 3480

No. of company below the average earning = 5

No. of company above the average earning = 3

Ratio = 5 ∶ 3

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

The earning of a company in 1997-98 = 5040

The earning of a company in 1994-95 = 3360

Ratio = 5040/3360 = 1.5 times

The earning of a company in 1997-98 is 1.5 times that in 1994-95.

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Average earning of the company = ​​ = 27840/8 = 3480

Earnings of the company in 1996-97 = 4320

​⇒ Percentage = 4320/3480 × 100

⇒ Percentage = 124.2%

​⇒ Percentage = 125% (approx)

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Earning of the company in 1997-98 = 5040

Earning of the company in 1993-94 = 2520

⇒ Percentage increase = (5040 - 2520)/2520 × 100

⇒ Percentage increase = 2520/2520 × 100 = 100%

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Earning of the company in 1994-95 = 3360

Earning of the company in 1995-96 = 3120

⇒ Percentage decline = (3360 - 3120)/3360 × 100

⇒ Percentage decline = 240/3360 × 100 = 7.14%

⇒ Percentage decline = 7% (approx)

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Given here,

 

The frequency density of the class 21-25 = 4

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

A histogram is a graphical representation of a grouped frequency distribution with continuous classes. It is a 2-D figure and the frequency is shown by the area of each rectangle.

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

If a triangle and a parallelogram are on the same base and between the same parallels, then the area of the triangle is equal to half the area of the parallelogram.

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Given here is right angled triangle.

AB = 12 cm, AC = 13 cm, BC = ?

Using Pythagoras theorem,

(AC)² = (AB)² + (BC)²

⇒ (13)² = (12)² + (BC)²

⇒ (BC)² = 169 - 144 = 25

⇒ BC = √25

⇒ BC = 5 cm

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

The equation given is,

x2 − 4x − 1 = 0

To find the roots, Formula used:

x = \({-b ± √{b^2-4ac} \over 2a}\)

⇒ x = \({-(-4) ± √{(-4)^2-4.1.(-1)} \over 2.1}\)

⇒ x = \({4 ± √{20} \over 2}\)

⇒ x = 2 ± √5

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Given here, 

Selling price of a mobile = Rs. 1,820

Loss% = 30%

So, Cost Price of a mobile = SP × 100/70

⇒ CP = 1820 × 100/70 = 2600

⇒ CP = Rs. 2,600

SP of a mobile to gain a profit of 30%.

SP = 2600 × 130/100 = Rs. 3,380

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Let Mohan's salary = 100

So, Rahul's salary = 100 × 120/100 = 120

According to question,

Rahul's salary increased by 30%.

So, Rahul's new salary = 120 × 130/100 = 156

Mohan's salary increased by 40%.

So, Mohan's new salary = 100 × 140/100 = 140

After increment, percentage increase of Rahul's salary to Mohan's salary,

⇒ % increase = (156 - 140)/140 × 100

⇒ % increase = 16/140 × 100 = 11.42%

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Concept:

LCM of fractions = (LCM of Numerators)/(HCF of Denominators)

Calculation:

LCM of Numerators = LCM (3, 2, 4) = 12

HCF of Denominators = HCF (8, 6, 7) = 1

LCM of \(\left(\frac{3}{8}, \frac{2}{6}, \frac{4}{7}\right)\)

⇒ 12/1 = 12

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Given HCF = 11.

The two numbers are always multiples of their HCF, i.e., 11x and 11y.

The other two factors of LCM are 13 and 17, which represent x and y.

Smaller number = HCF × Smaller Factor = 11 × 13 = 143.

Larger number = HCF × Larger Factor = 11 × 17 = 187.

∴ The correct answer is 143.

Alternate Method

Given:

HCF of two numbers = 11

Factors of LCM other than HCF = 13 and 17

Formula Used:

If HCF of two numbers is 'h' and the numbers are in the ratio x : y, then the numbers are hx and hy.

LCM = h × x × y

Calculations:

⇒ Let the two numbers be N₁ and N₂.

⇒ N₁ = 11 × 13

⇒ N₁ = 143

⇒ N₂ = 11 × 17

⇒ N₂ = 187

⇒ Comparing 143 and 187, the smaller number is 143.

∴ The correct answer is 143.

Additional Information

Product of Numbers Rule

The product of two numbers is always equal to the product of their HCF and LCM (N₁ × N₂ = HCF × LCM).

Co-prime Factors

The factors of LCM other than the HCF are always co-prime to each other (their HCF is 1).

HCF Property

HCF is the greatest number that divides the given numbers exactly without leaving a remainder.

Given:

The length of diagonals of parallelogram is 8 cm and 6 cm respectively and measure of one of its side is 5cm.

Concept used:

We know the condition that if ABCD is a parallelogram the sum of square of diagonals is equal to twice the sum of square of sides of parallelogram

⇒ (AC² + BD²) = 2 × (AB² + BC²)

Calculation: 

Let ABCD is a parallelogram

⇒ {(8)² + (6)²} = 2 × {(5)² + BC²}

⇒ 64 + 36 = 50 + 2 × BC²

⇒ 2 × BC² = 50

⇒ BC² = 25

⇒ BC = 5 cm 

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Side of rhombus = Perimeter ÷ 4 = 120 ÷ 4 = 30 cm.

Area of rhombus (as a parallelogram) = Base × Height.

Area = 30 × 12 = 360 cm².

∴ The correct answer is 360 cm².

Alternate Method

Given:

Perimeter of rhombus = 120 cm

Distance between parallel sides (Height) = 12 cm

Formula Used:

Perimeter of rhombus = 4 × Side

Area of rhombus = Side × Height

Calculations:

⇒ 4 × Side = 120

⇒ Side = 120 ÷ 4 = 30 cm

⇒ Area = Base × Height

⇒ Area = 30 × 12

⇒ Area = 360 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 360 cm².

Additional Information

Area using Diagonals

The area of a rhombus can also be calculated using its diagonals d₁ and d₂ as Area = 1/2 × d₁ × d₂.

Side and Diagonal Relationship

The relation between the side (a) and diagonals is given by 4a² = d₁² + d₂².

Properties of Rhombus

All sides are equal, opposite angles are equal, and diagonals bisect each other at 90°.

A frequency polygon is a graph constructed by using lines to join the midpoints of each intervals. It is used to depict the shape of data. It is a closed 2-D figure of straight line segments joining mid-points of top of bars of histogram. So, A frequency polygon is a closed figure.

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Pollution and consumption will decrease.

Key Points

• Increased efficiency of fuel using new technologies benefits humans and the environment when Pollution with consumption will decrease.
• The development of non-conventional fuels and lubricants that maximize engine efficiency and minimize emissions can benefit humans.
• Testing can be done to study the impacts of nonconventional fuels and lubricants on vehicle engines, emission control systems, fueling infrastructure, and human health.
• This testing ensures that new fuels and lubricants are practical for real-world applications.

Additional Information

• Air pollution from burning fossil fuels costs India an estimated $150 billion annually.
• It is the third highest worldwide.
• Around 12.85 lakh more children in India live with Asthma linked to fossil fuel pollution.$

The correct answer is Rhythm Mamania.

Key Points

• 10-year-old girl Rhythm Mamania from Mumbai summits Everest base camp.
• She took 11 days to complete her expedition.

Additional Information

• Mount Everest is a peak in the Himalayas mountain range.
• It is located between **Nepal and Tibet (**an autonomous region of China).
• It is considered 8,849 meters (29,032 feet), the tallest point on Earth.
• In the nineteenth century, the mountain was named after George Everest, a former Surveyor General of India.

The correct answer is China.

 Key Points

• China hosted the meeting of the BRICS Ministers of Foreign Affairs on May 19, 2022 through video conference.
• The meeting was also attended by India’s External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar.
• India handed over the BRICS Chairmanship to China in January 2022.
• The theme for BRICS 2022 is ‘Foster High-Quality BRICS Partnership Usher in a New Era for Global Development’.

 Additional Information

• BRICS:
• BRICS is a grouping of five major emerging economies —  Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.
• Since 2009, the governments of the BRICS states have met annually at formal summits.
• India hosted the most recent 13^th BRICS summit on 9 September 2021 virtually.
• Originally, the first four were grouped as "BRIC" before the induction of South Africa in 2010.

The correct answer is Rabindranath Tagore.

Key Points

• Subhash Chandra Bose:
• He founded the Independence for India League with Jawaharlal Nehru.
• He was elected as the President of INC at its Haripura Session (1938) and Tripuri Session (1939) but resigned from Tripuri due to differences with Mahatma Gandhi.
• He took the charge of the Indian Army (Azad Hind Fauj) in 1943 in Singapore and set up an Indian Provisional government there.
• Subhash Chandra Bose was the one who addressed Mahatma Gandhi as the Father of the Nation.
• He gave the famous slogans–Dilli Chalo and Jai Hind.
• The India Struggle was his autobiography.
• He was called Desh Nayak by Rabindranath Tagore.

Additional Information

• Rabindranath Tagore:
• His first poem was published in the Amrita Bazar Patrika and then he wrote ‘Banaphul’ and ‘Bhanusinher Padavali’.
• He founded Shantiniketan near Bolpore in December 1901.
• He wrote Gitanjali, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1913.
• He also founded the Vishwa Bharati University.
• In 1919, he renounced the knighthood granted by the British crown after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
• His composed National Anthem by two nations

India–Jana Gana Mana

Bangladesh–Amar Sonar Bangla

• Bal Gangadhar Tilak:
• He launched two newspapers that are the Kesari in Marathi and the Maratha in English.
• He also organised Ganpati Festival in 1893 AD and Shivaji Festival in 1895 AD.
• Tilak asserted: ‘Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it.

He was awarded the title of Lokmanya.

• He was a part of the trio of ‘Lal-Bal- Pal’ and the extremist group.

He authored books The Arctic Home of Vedas and Gita Rahasya.

The correct answer is Hyderabad.

Key Points

• Mir Laik Ali
• He was an engineer and an industrialist.
• He served as the Prime Minister of Hyderabad State from November 1947 until the Operation Polo "police action" of September 1948.
• During his tenure, he struggled to maintain Hyderabad's status as an independent country.
• After the defeat of the Hyderabadi defense forces and the merger of Hyderabad into the Union of India, he was kept under house arrest at his home in Begumpet.

Additional Information 

• Kasim Razvi :
• ​Syed Kasim Razvi is also known as Qasim Razvi, was a Pakistani politician in the princely state of Hyderabad.
• He was the president of the Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen party from December 1946 until the state's annexation to India in 1948.
• He was also the founder of the Razakar militia in the state.
• Muhammad Ali Jinnah :
• ​Muhammad Ali Jinnah was a barrister, politician and the founder of Pakistan.
• Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until the inception of Pakistan on 14 August 1947, and then as the Dominion of Pakistan's first governor-general until his death.
• He is revered in Pakistan as the Quaid-i-Azam ("Great Leader") and Baba-i-Qaum.

The correct answer is Sikkim.

Key Points

• The Indian States that have the Lowest Number of Lok Sabha Seats:
• Mizoram, Nagaland, and Sikkim top the list followed by Tripura and Manipur.

 

 

 

 

 

​

Additional Information

• The Lok Sabha is the lower house of the Parliament of India.
• Goa has 2 Lok Sabha Seats.
• Telangana has 17 Lok Sabha Seats.
• There are 5 Lok Sabha Seats in Uttrakhand.

The correct answer is Electronic Funds Transfer.

Key Points

• Electronic Fund Transfer:
• It is the electronic transfer of money from one bank account to another.
• It can be either within a single financial institution or across multiple institutions, via computer-based systems, without the direct intervention of bank staff.

Additional Information

• National Electronic Fund Transfer (NEFT)
• It is a countrywide electronic fund transfer system for sending money from one bank account to another in

a safe and hassle-free manner.

• All NEFT settlements are made in a batch-wise format.
• Money can be sent using this system to all NEFT-enabled banks in India on an individual basis.
• To initiate an NEFT transfer, Bank IFSC Code is a must, along with other details such as bank account number, bank branch, and account holder name, among other details.
• Earlier, the NEFT transaction timings for most banks were between 8 a.m. and 6 p.m. from Monday to Friday and 8 a.m. to 12 p.m. on Saturdays.
• However, with effect from 16 December 2019, you can transfer money via NEFT 24x7.
• Money can be transferred via NEFT on holidays and weekends as well.

The correct answer is Canada.

Key Points

• Baffin Island
• It is the biggest island in Canada.
• It is the fifth largest island in the world.
• It is a grand wild landscape, the spectacular homeland of the Inuit and an accessible Arctic playground for the adventurous.
• It is separated from Greenland on the north and east by the **Baffin Bay and Davis Strait.**​

Additional Information

• Bahamas Capital is Nassau and its currency is the Bahamian dollar.
• Japan's Capital is Tokyo and the currency is the yen.
• USA Capital is Washington D.C and the currency is the dollar.

The correct answer is Article 19.

The correct answer is Fifth five year plan.

Key Points

• Rolling Plan in India was started in 1978.
• The rolling plan concept was coined by Gunnar Myrdal.
• This plan was rejected again by the Indian National Congress government when it came to power in 1980 and a new sixth plan was made.
• The main advantage of the rolling plans is that they are flexible.
• The Rolling Plan is a plan in which every year the performance of the plan is assessed and a new plan is made next year based on this assessment.
• Thus, both the allocation and targets are revised during this plan.
• In India, the Janta Government terminated the fifth five-year plan in 1977-78 and launched its own sixth five-year plan for the period 1978-83 and called it a Rolling Plan.

The correct answer is Lord Linlithgow.

Key Points

• Lord Linlithgow was the Viceroy of India when the Quit India Movement started in 1942.
• The Congress Working Committee (CWC) was formed in December 1920 at the Nagpur session of the Congress, headed by C. Vijayaraghavacharya.​
• The Congress Working Committee meeting held at Wardha on 14 July 1942 passed a resolution demanding Complete Independence from the British Government.
• It passed the historic ‘Quit India’ resolution.
• The Indian National Congress session held on 7 August 1942 at Gowalia Tank (Kranti Maidan) in Mumbai gave a call for Quit India Movement.
• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was the President of this session.
• Gandhiji gave a call for 'Do-or-die' during Quit India Movement

The correct answer is Medicine.

Key PointsDr. B.C Roy award is given for excellence in medical sciences. It was instituted in 1962 by medical council of India in memory of Dr. B.C. Roy. The birthday of Dr. B.C. Roy (1 July) is also celebrated as Doctor’s Day in India.

Additional Information

The award is given in the following categories:

• Medical man-cum-Statesman
• Statesmanship of the Highest Order in India
• Eminent Medical Person
• Eminent person in Philosophy
• Eminent person in Science
• Eminent person in Arts
• Outstanding Service in the field of Socio Medical Relief

The correct answer is 36-51. 

Key Points

• Directive Principles of State Policy have been borrowed from the Irish Constitution.
• Part IV and Articles 36 to 51 of the Indian Constitution deal with the Directive Principles of State Policy.
• But the Directive Principles of State Policy are not justiciable in nature.
• The framers of the constitution wanted the DPSPs to be used as the guiding principles in both legislative as well as executive procedures.
• The Directive principle doesn't have precedence over Fundamental Rights (FRs).
• Currently, neither all the Fundamental Rights have Precedence over DPSPs neither vice versa.

 

• Following is the order of the precedence of Fundamental Rights and DPSPs:
• Fundamental Rights except those contained in articles 14 and 19.
• DPSPs are mentioned in articles 39(b) and 39(c).
• All other Fundamental Rights.
• Remaining DPSPs.

The correct answer is Sabarmati.

Key PointsDandi March or Salt Satyagraha was started by Mahatma Gandhi in Sabarmati launched on March 12, 1930, and it lasted till April 5, 1930, in Dandi (Navsari).

• Gandhi, along with a group of his followers, walked over 390 kilometers from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, a coastal village in Gujarat, to produce salt in defiance of the British salt laws.
• The march lasted for 24 days, and it attracted widespread attention from the international media and Indian masses.
• On April 6, 1930, Gandhi reached Dandi and broke the salt law by picking up a handful of salt from the beach.
• It was a part of Non-violent Civil Disobedience.
• It was against the tax collected by the British Raj on salt and Gandhi opposed this by producing salt through evaporation.
• This significantly influenced American activist's Martin Luther King, James Bevel, and others.
• It is also known as the White Flowing River as all people took part in the march by wearing White Khadi.
• Gandhi called it “Poor Man’s Struggle”.
• Due to this, mass civil disobedience was observed and Indians boycotted British clothes and goods.
• International Walk for Justice and Freedom – Mahatma Gandhi Foundation re-framed and cast the Salt March in 2005 on the 75^th anniversary of Dandi March
• National Salt Satyagraha Memorial – Dandi (inaugurated Jan 30, 2019)

Additional Information

• C Rajgopalachari, Gandhi’s associate organized Vedaranyam Salt March along the east coast while Gandhi launched along the west coast.
• C Rajgopalachari was the 1^st Governor-General of India after Independence.
• 1^st women arrested in Salt March – Sarojini Naidu
• To commemorate the 50^th and 75^th anniversary of Dandi March in 1980 and 2005 respectively, stamps were also released by the government.

The correct answer is Lord William Bentinck.

 Key Points​

• Sati or suttee was a practice, in which a widow sacrifices herself by sitting atop her deceased husband's funeral pyre.
• 'Sati pratha' was a Hindu ritual where the widow had to sit on her husband's funeral pyre and burn alive.
• On 4 December 1829, Lord Bentinck issued Regulation XVII declaring Sati to be illegal and punishable in criminal courts.
• Lord William Bentinck served as Governor-General of India between 1828 to 1835.

Additional Information

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy was the social reformer who worked hard for the abolition of this 'Sati Pratha' ritual.
• Ram Mohan Roy was given the title of 'Raja' by Akbar II, the Mughal emperor, who sent him to England to represent him.
• He started India’s first English medium school in 1816 in Kolkata which later came to be known as the Anglo-Hindu school.
• Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828. This move is often credited with playing an important role in reforming and modernizing Indian society.
• He is often called the 'Father of Indian Renaissance.
• Freedom fighter Gopal Krishna Gokhale called Roy the 'Father of Modern India'.
• The Portuguese banned the practice in Goa by 1515.
• In the 16^th century**, Humayun was the first to try a royal agreement against this practice.**
• Akbar was next to issue official orders prohibiting Sati and since then it was done voluntarily by women.

The correct answer is Primary sector.

Key Points

• ​Most of the economy was part of the unorganised sector.
• Most of India’s population during the time of the British Raj was dependent on the **primary sector for sustaining their livelihoods.**​

Additional Information

• The economic sector which uses natural resources directly is the primary sector.
• The primary activities include mining, agriculture, forestry and **fishing, and oil and gas extraction.**​
• Secondary activities add value to natural resources by transforming raw materials into valuable products.
• Secondary activities are concerned with manufacturing, processing, and construction (infrastructure) industries.

The correct answer is 8. 

Key Points

• Uttar Pradesh shares its border with 8 states and 1 union territory.
• The 8 states are Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and Bihar.
• Uttar Pradesh shares its border with the Union Territory of Delhi.
• Uttar Pradesh also shares International Border with Nepal.

The correct answer is Agriculture.

Key Points

• The economy of Uttar Pradesh is based on Agriculture.
• Uttar Pradesh is an agrarian economy, with about 47% of the population directly dependent on agriculture for their livelihood.
• As per Budget 2022-23, the contribution of agriculture, manufacturing, and service sectors to the economy of Uttar Pradesh is 26%, 25%, and 49% respectively in 2021-22 at current prices.

Additional Information

• Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India.
• Uttar Pradesh is recognized as a major milk-producing state in India.
• The Human Development Index (HDI) increased in the year 2019 by 0.594.
• The unemployment rate increased as per the estimation in the year 2021 of December by 4.9%.

The correct answer is None of the above.

 Key Points

• NH 19 is the longest highway that passes through UP.
• It stretches from Srinagar in Jammu & Kashmir to Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu, making it the longest highway in India, crossing through multiple states, including Uttar Pradesh.

Additional Information

• Uttar Pradesh was also called Northern Provinces during the British era.
• It is the most populous state and one of the largest state economies in India.
• It has one of the largest road networks in the country, second only to Maharashtra.
• Around 42 National Highways and 83 state highways form a large network of roads to ensure that every town and most of the villages are interconnected.
• This is essential to ensure smooth transportation and logistics operations in this densely populated commercial state.
• NHAI:
• The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is an autonomous agency of the Government of India.
• It was set up in 1995.
• It is responsible for the management of a network of over 50,000 km of National Highways out of 1,32,499 km in India.
• It is a nodal agency of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways.

The correct answer is Tharu.

Key Points

• Tharu tribe has the highest scheduled tribe population in Uttar Pradesh.
• They mainly found in the Tarai plains of Nepal and India.
• In Uttar Pradesh, they mainly found in Maharajganj, Pilibhit, Gonda, Balrampur, Gorakhpur and Bahraich district.
• They believe in the Hindu religion.
• They follow the "Badla Vivah" marriage system.
• In this tribe, Diwali is observed as a day of sorrow.

The correct answer is Strait of Gibraltar.

 Key Points

 

The correct answer is Varanasi.

 Key Points

• Varanasi origin of Hinduism and is the oldest city in the world.
• It is also known as the City of temples.
• It is famous for the swanky and plush temples it has.
• Millions of devotees visit the city from all across the world.
• It is a holy place for devotees of Lord Shiva.
• It is one of the finest Textiles Industries in the world.

Additional Information

• Temples in Varanasi
• Bharat Mata Mandir
• Sankat Mochan Mandir
• Kaal Bhairav Mandir
• Durga Mandir
• Mrityunjay Mahadev Mandir
• Annapurna Devi Temple
• Kashi Vishwanath Temple

The correct answer is Lucknow.

Key Points

• Lucknow:-
• Lucknow is the capital and IT city of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.
• Lucknow was the capital of the Awadh region controlled by the Delhi Sultanate and later the Mughal Empire.
• The Single City, Lucknow is part of the mega CG City project envisioned by the government of Uttar Pradesh and is conceptualized as a sustainable technology hub with clean power and a balanced environment.
• It is being built on a PPP model in partnership with HCL Technologies.
• It is the second major investment by an IT Company in Lucknow, the first being Tata Consultancy Services which has its TCS Awadh Campus present in the city in which thousands of engineers are already working.
• HCL has begun its operations in the city and training for the first batch of engineers has already been completed.

Additional Information 

• The project will be commissioned by October 2016.
• Uttar Pradesh government has established Rs 1,500-crore Information Technology (IT) city over 100 acres in Lucknow with the concept of "Walk to Work" on Lucknow-Sultanpur Road.
• About 100 acres of CG city was allotted to IT and ITeS companies which will also include a hi-tech skill development center that can train more than 5000 people.
• The remaining 400 acres are intended for the Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT) and Medanta-Avadh super specialty hospital.
• The CG City project also has several other projects which include an international cricket stadium, a world standard cancer research institute, Dr. Trehan owned Medanta Awadh Heart Institute, Amul Milk Plant, 5-star hotels, shopping malls among others.
• CG City will also have connectivity by Lucknow Metro first phase of which has been operational from 5 September 2017.

The correct answer is (1) - b, (2) - c, (3) - d, (D) - a.

Key Points

• Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar Dam
• The dam was built on the Rihand River, a tributary of the Son River.
• Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar is located in Sonbhadra.
• The reservoir of the Rihand Dam is called Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar.
• Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar is India's largest artificial lake.
• Its reservoir area is on the border of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh
• Parichha Dam
• It was built on the Betwa River near Parichha town, which is about 25 km from Jhansi.
• It is situated on the Jhansi-Kanpur National Highway No. 25.
• Its reservoir is used by the Parichha Thermal Power Station for electricity generation.
• Gobind Sagar Dam
• It is on river Shahzad in Lalitpur.
• Govind Sagar Dam supports 74 species of water birds belonging to 18 families.
• Out of which 34 are migratory species and 40 are residential bird species.
• Beside the water birds, 94 terrestrial bird species were observed in close proximity to Govind Sagar Dam.
• Since Lalitpur lies in Bundelkhand Region which is prone to drought for more than a decade.
• It is of utmost importance to evolve appropriate conservation strategies and develop the potential of water resources.
• It upholds the diversity of aves that have an unparallel role in the ecosystem.
• ​Jamni Dam
• it is situated on the Jamni river.
• It is a river in northern India.
• It is a main tributary of the Betwa River and enters Lalitpur District near Madanpur village.
• It meets Betwa river near Orchha.
• The total length of the river is 201 km of which 29 km is exclusively in Madhya Pradesh, 87 km in
• Uttar Pradesh and the rest form a boundary between the two states.
• There are plans to link Jamni with the lakes and other water bodies nearby so as to **cater to the water-scarce Bundelkhand region. **​

Additional Information

• Other Dams in Uttar Pradesh
• Ram Ganga Dam
• Chandraprabha Dam
• Kanhar Dam
• Rohini Dam

The correct answer is Opening e-mail attachments.

Key Points

• A computer virus is a malicious piece of computer code designed to spread from device to device.
• A subset of malware, these self-copying threats are usually designed to damage a device or steal data.
• A computer may catch viruses through normal Web activities like:  
• Sharing music, files, or photos with other users.
• Visiting an infected website.
• Opening spam email or an email attachment.
• Downloading free games, toolbars, media players, and other system utilities
• Installing mainstream software applications without thoroughly reading license agreements.​

Additional Information

• Charles Babbage, who was born in 1791, is regarded as the father of computing because of his research into machines that could calculate.​

The correct answer is PMGSY.

Key Points

• Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) is responsible for rural road connectivity development in India.
• PMGSY:
• ​It was launched in December 2000.
• The objective of this scheme was to provide all-weather road connectivity to villages of India which are not yet connected.
• It is a centrally sponsored scheme.
• Ministry of Rural Development is the nodal ministry for the scheme.
• Panchayati Raj institutions are responsible for maintaining the roads developed under this scheme.​

Additional Information

• MGNREGA:
• ​It stands for Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment  Guarantee Act.
• It was launched on 2^nd February 2006.
• The objective of the act is to provide 100 days of guaranteed wage employment to rural unskilled labour.
• PMRDF:
• ​PMRDF stands for Prime Minister's Rural Development Fellowship.
• It was launched under the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) in September 2011.
• The objective of the scheme is to provide short-term catalytic support to the district administration in underdeveloped and remote districts to improve program delivery.
• SGRY:
• ​SGRY stands for Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana.
• It was launched on 25 September 2001 by merging the two schemes:

1. ​​Employment Assurance Scheme
2. Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna

• ​The objective of the scheme was to provide additional wage employment and food security to those living in rural areas who are poor.

The correct answer is National Rural Livelihood Mission.

Key Points

• National Rural Livelihood Mission:
• ​It is a poverty relief program launched as Aajeevika – National Rural Livelihoods Mission by the Ministry of Rural Development in 2011.
• The aim of the scheme is to create efficient institutional platforms of the rural poor enabling them to increase household income and to ​empower women self-help model across the country.
• The scheme is supported by the World Bank.

Additional Information

• Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana:
• ​It is a centrally sponsored scheme launched in 2014.
• It is a placement-linked demand-driven skills training program.
• The objective of the scheme is to add diversity to the incomes of rural poor families and catering to the career aspirations of rural youth.
• The scheme focused on rural poor youth between the ages of 15 and 35 years.
• National Rural Development Fellowship Scheme:
• ​It was launched under Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) in September 2011.
• The objective of the scheme is to provide short-term catalytic support to the district administration in underdeveloped and remote districts to improve program delivery.
• The scheme is administered by the Council for Advancement of People's Action and Rural Technology (CAPART), an autonomous institution under the Ministry of Rural Development.
• The Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS) is the knowledge partner for the scheme.
• ​Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme:
• ​It was launched on 2^nd February 2006.
• The objective of the scheme is to provide 100 days of guaranteed wage employment to rural unskilled labour.

The correct answer is Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme.

Key Points

• Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme(MGNREGA):
• ​It was launched in 2^nd February 2006.
• The objective of the scheme is to provide 100 days of guaranteed wage employment to any rural household adult who is willing to do unskilled manual work in a financial year.
• MGNREGA is one of the largest work guarantee programs in the world.
• Ministry of Rural Development (MRD) is monitoring the entire implementation along with state governments.
• Gram Sabha and the Gram Panchayat approve the shelf of works under MGNREGA and fix their priority.​

Additional Information

• National Rural Development Fellowship Scheme:
• ​It was launched under the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) in September 2011.
• The objective of the scheme is to provide short-term catalytic support to the district administration in underdeveloped and remote districts to improve program delivery.
• Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana:
• It is a centrally sponsored scheme launched in 2014.
• It is a placement-linked demand-driven skill training program.
• The objective of the scheme is to add diversity to the incomes of rural poor families and catering to the career aspirations of rural youth.
• The scheme focused on rural poor youth between the ages of 15 and 35 years.
• National Rural Livelihood Mission:
• ​​It is a poverty relief program launched as Aajeevika – National Rural Livelihoods Mission by the Ministry of Rural Development in 2011.
• The aim of the scheme is to create efficient institutional platforms of the rural poor enabling them to increase household income through improved access to financial services and sustainable livelihood enhancements.
• The scheme is supported by the World Bank

The correct answer is NSAP.

Key Points

• National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP):
• It is a centrally sponsored scheme under **Ministry of Rural Development.**​
• It was launched on 15^th August 1995.
• The objective of the scheme is to provide financial help to widows, elderly, people with disability in form of pension.
• This program is implemented in both rural as well as urban areas.
• Presently NSAP comprises of five schemes:

1. ​​Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS),
2. Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS),
3. Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS),
4. National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS)
5. Annapurna.

Additional Information

• SGRY:
• ​​SGRY stands for Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana.
• It was launched on 25 September, 2001 by merging the two schemes:

1. ​​Employment Assurance Scheme
2. Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna

• ​The objective of the scheme was to provide additional wage employment and food security to those living in rural areas who are poor.
• ​SAGY:
• ​SAGY stands for Saansad Aadarsh Gram Yojana.
• Launched on 11^th October 2014, It is a village development scheme under which each Member of Parliament (MP) owned the responsibility to develop the institutional and physical infrastructure in three villages by 2019 followed by the development of five Adarsh Grams by the year 2024.
• ​MGNREGA:
• ​​Its full form is Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act.
• It was launched in 2^nd February 2006.
• The objective of the act is to provide 100 days of guaranteed wage employment to rural unskilled labor.

The correct answer is Pradhan Mantri Aawas Yojana (Grameen).

Key Points

• Pradhan Mantri Aawas Yojana (Grameen):
• ​The scheme is a centrally sponsored scheme under Ministry of Rural Development.
• Indira Awaas yojana (IAY), the erstwhile rural housing scheme has been restructured into Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana –Gramin from 01.04.2016.
• To provide a pucca house with basic amenities to all rural families, who are homeless or living in kutcha or dilapidated houses by the end of March 2022.
• The target of the scheme is to construct 2.95 crore houses with all basic amenities by the year 2024.
• The selection of beneficiaries is based on the Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC), 2011, followed by Gram Sabha verification.​

Additional Information

• Samagra Siksha Abhiyan:
• ​The scheme was launched in 2018 under Department of School Education and Literacy, Ministry of Education.
• The scheme was launched with the objective to improve the quality of school education by treating ‘school’ holistically as a continuum from pre-school, primary, upper primary, and secondary to the senior secondary levels.
• The Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan was formed by subsuming the following three erstwhile schemes:

1. ​Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
2. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
3. Teacher Education

• Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana:
• ​​It is a centrally sponsored scheme launched in 2014.
• It is a placement-linked demand-driven skills training program.
• The objective of the scheme is to add diversity to the incomes of rural poor families and catering to the career aspirations of rural youth.
• The scheme focused on rural poor youth between the ages of 15 and 35 years.
• National Rural Livelihood Mission:
• ​It is a poverty relief programme launched as Aajeevika – National Rural Livelihoods Mission by Ministry of Rural Development in 2011.
• The aim of the scheme is to create efficient institutional platforms for the rural poor enabling them to increase household income through improved access to financial services and sustainable livelihood enhancements.
• The scheme is supported by the World Bank.

The correct answer is PURA.

Key Points

• PURA:
• PURA stands for  Provision of Urban Amenities in Rural Areas.
• The initiative was envisaged by former President Dr. Abdul Kalam in January 2003.
• It is implemented by Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD).
• The objective of the scheme is to prevent the migration of youth from the rural areas to urban areas by providing livelihood opportunities and urban amenities in rural areas.
• PURA 2.0 was launched in 2012 and was a central sector scheme.

Additional Information

• National Social Assistance Program (NSAP):
• ​It is a centrally sponsored scheme under Ministry of Rural Development.​
• It was launched on 15^th August 1995.
• The objective of the scheme is to provide financial help to widows, elderly, people with disability in form of pension.
• This program is implemented in both rural as well as urban areas.
• Presently NSAP comprises of five schemes:

1. ​​Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS),
2. Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS),
3. Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS),
4. National Family Benefit Scheme NFBS) and
5. Annapurna

• SAGY:
• ​​SAGY stands for Saansad Aadarsh Gram Yojana.
• Launched on 11^th October 2014, It is a village development scheme under which each Member of Parliament (MP) owned the responsibility to develop the institutional and physical infrastructure in three villages by 2019 followed by the development of five Adarsh Grams by the year 2024.
• ​SGRY:
• ​SGRY stands for Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana.
• It was launched on 25 September, 2001 by merging the two schemes:
• Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojna
• ​​Employment Assurance Scheme​
• The objective of the scheme was to provide additional wage employment and food security to those living in rural areas who are poor.

The correct answer is  Lucknow.

Key Points

• In Uttar Pradesh, the Panchayati Raj Institute of Training is established in Lucknow.
• The Panchayati Raj Institute of Training (PRIT) is envisaged as the nodal institute for Panchayati Raj Capacity Building & Training in the state.
• The PRIT may take up regularly with the state department/ Government of UP as well as the Ministry of Panchayati Raj identified issues and concerns.
• The PRIT is envisaged to run fellowships or merit-based scholarships in Panchayati Raj for individuals.
• Uttar Pradesh was one of the first to recognize Panchayati Raj Institutions before the 73^rd Amendment Act.
• Uttar Pradesh comprises of 75 district, 821 blocks and 51, 914 Gram Panchayats.

The correct answer is Uttar Pradesh HMIS (Health Management Information System).

Key Points

• Uttar Pradesh HMIS (Health Management Information System):
• ​UPHMIS is an Online Portal for doing tasks like data entry, online feeding of data and reports generation related to health.
• Uttar Pradesh established routine Health Management Information System(HMIS) reporting by entering facility based data into the national HMIS portal.
• HMIS is a Government to Government (G2G) web-based Monitoring Information System.
• It has been put in place by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW) to monitor the National Health Mission and other Health programmes and provide key inputs for policy formulation and appropriate programme interventions.​

Additional Information

• e-Suvidha:
• It is an initiative of the UP government.
• ​Its aim is to benefit urban citizens at each district of the state and to offer various governmental services both at city as well as district level within the state.
• Under E-Suvidha Project citizens are offered various bill payment services of different departments all at one place through ‘Single Window all Utilities’ system whereby citizens don’t have to visit different departments for submitting the bills.
• ​e-Mitra
• It is an initiative of the Government of Rajasthan (GoR), for convenience and transparency to citizens in availing various services of the Government and Private Sectors under a single roof at their doorsteps using an e- platform.

The correct answer is Beti Bachao Beti Padhao.

Key Points

• Beti Bachao Beti Padhao:
• ​The scheme was launched by PM Narendra Modi on 22 January 2015.
• It was launched to generate awareness and improving the efficiency of the welfare services intended for girls in India and to ensure the survival of girl child.
• The scheme is jointly run by:
• Ministry of Women and Child Development
• Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
• Ministry of Human Resource Development
• ​The scheme is being implemented across 405 districts in the country.​

Additional Information

• Samagra Siksha Abhiyan:
• ​​The scheme was launched in 2018 under the Department of School Education and Literacy, Ministry of Education.
• The scheme was launched with the objective to improve the quality of school education by treating ‘school’ holistically as a continuum from pre-school, primary, upper primary, and secondary to the senior secondary levels.
• The Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan was formed by subsuming the following three erstwhile schemes:

1. ​Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
2. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
3. Teacher Education

• National Rural Livelihood Mission:
• ​​It is a poverty relief programme launched as Aajeevika – National Rural Livelihoods Mission by the Ministry of Rural Development in 2011.
• The aim of the scheme is to create efficient institutional platforms for the rural poor enabling them to increase household income.
• The scheme is supported by the World Bank.
• ​Pradhan Mantri Aawas Yojana (Grameen):
• ​The scheme is a centrally sponsored scheme under Ministry of Rural Development.
• Indira Awaas yojana (IAY), the erstwhile rural housing scheme has been restructured into Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana – Gramin from 01.04.2016.
• To provide a pucca house with basic amenities to all rural families, who are homeless or living in kutcha or dilapidated houses by the end of March 2022.

The correct answer is 2003.

Key Points

• UPRRDA (UP Rural Road Development Agency):
• ​Department of Rural Development, Govt. of Uttar Pradesh on 15^th November, 2003 established the U.P. Rural Roads Development Agency (UPRRDA).
• It was established as a registered Society under the provisions of the Societies Registration Act,1860.
• The objective of UPRRDA is
• ​To implement those programs that intend to link the villages through roads.
• To manage and utilize the funds received from the Govt. of India, Govt. Of U.P. and other sources for the above purpose.

The correct answer is 2020.

Key Points

• Swachh Bharat Mission Grameen Phase 2:​
• SBM (G) Phase-II was launched in February 2020.
• It was by the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
• It aims to provide adequate facilities for Solid, Liquid & plastic Waste Management (SLWM) in rural India and to ensure that open defecation-free behaviors are sustained.
• ODF Plus activities under Phase II of the Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen) will reinforce ODF behaviors and focus on providing interventions for the safe management of solid and liquid waste in villages.
• It will be implemented from 2020-21 to 2024-25 in a mission mode.
• The total outlay for this is Rs 1,40,881 crores.

The correct answer is Uttar Pradesh Bhumi Sudhar Nigam.

Key Points

• Uttar Pradesh Bhumi Sudhar Nigam:
• ​It was established in 1978.
• ​It was established with the mission of preserving the health and productivity of land resources in a sustainable manner, and to protect, rehabilitate, and regenerate all potentially cultivable lands.
• The UPBSN is responsible for the overall supervision of the UPSLRP project.
• It also acts as a facilitator between the beneficiaries and the world bank in achieving the best possible results in the agriculture sector with the growing emphasis on the agro-based economy.

The correct answer is Farmer Field School.

Key Points

• The FFS stands for Farmer Field School.
• Farmer Field School is community-led extension agencies working in the field of technology development and dissemination and undertaking various activities.
• It ensures the sustainability of project impacts during post reclamation period.
• The FFS are created as learning centers for the farmers which are being managed by the farmers.
• Progressive farmers of 10-12 sodic villages located within a radius of 5 km, were facilitated to build their own **Farmers Field School (FFS).**​

Additional Information

• Uttar Pradesh Bhumi Sudhar Nigam:
• ​It was established in 1978.
• ​It was established with the mission of preserving the health and productivity of land resources in a sustainable manner, and to protect, rehabilitate, and regenerate all potentially cultivable lands.
• The UPBSN is responsible for the overall supervision of the UPSLRP project.

The correct answer is Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana.

Key Points

• Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana
• Union Government launched a social welfare scheme Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY).
• It was launched with the tagline, "Swachh Indhan, Behtar Jeevan.
• The scheme was launched on 1^st May 2016 in Ballia, Uttar Pradesh by the Hon’ble Prime Minister of India, Shri. Narendra Modi.
• Objectives of PMUY
• To promote women's empowerment.
• To provide healthy cooking fuel.
• To prevent health-related issues among the millions in the rural population due to the use of fossil fuels.
• PMUY 2.0
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched Ujjwala 2.0  by handing over LPG connections, at Mahoba Uttar Pradesh on 10^th August 2021.
• Along with a deposit-free LPG connection, Ujjwala 2.0 will provide the first refill and hotplate free of cost to the beneficiaries.​

Additional Information

• Pradhan Mantri Jan-Arogya Yojana (PMJDY)
• It is one of the biggest financial inclusion initiatives in the world.
• It was announced by Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi on 15^th August 2014 from the ramparts of the Red Fort.
• Benefits under PMJDY
• One basic savings bank account is opened for unbanked people.
• There is no requirement to maintain any minimum balance in PMJDY accounts.
• Interest is earned on the deposit in PMJDY accounts.
• Rupay Debit card is provided to the PMJDY account holder.
• Accident Insurance Cover of Rs.1 lakh (enhanced to Rs. 2 lakh to new PMJDY accounts opened after 28.8.2018) is available with a RuPay card issued to the PMJDY account holders.
• An overdraft (OD) facility up to Rs. 10,000 to eligible account holders is available.
• The Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY)
• It is popularly known as Ayushman Bharat.
• It was launched on September 25, 2018.
• It aims to secure the lives of 50 crore individuals that comprise 10.74 cr poor families including both rural and urban areas with a defined benefit cover of Rs 5 lakh per family.
• Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban (PMAY-U)
• It is being implemented by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA).
• It was launched on 25^th June 2015.
• The Mission addresses urban housing shortage by ensuring a pucca house to all eligible urban households by the year 2022 when the Nation completes 75 years of its Independence.