SSC CPO Tier- I Previous Year Paper (Held On: 24 November 2020 Shift 2)

The pattern follows here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "ZJH".

 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Additional Information

We will take a maximum of 3 faces together at a time.

Then, after dropping the next letter, the first and the last letter will be opposite each other.

As explained below:

F then P is skipped, L will be opposite to F

A then H is skipped, K will be opposite to A

We left with P and H which will be opposite to each other.

The pattern followed here is:

557, 447, 502

(557 + 447) ÷ 2

1004 ÷ 2 = 502

835, 753, 794

(835 + 753) ÷ 2

1588 ÷ 2 = 794

So,

504, 612, 558

(504 + 612) ÷ 2

1116 ÷ 2 = 558

Hence, the correct answer is "558".

 

 

Note: Multiple of 400 years i.e. 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 have 0 odd days.

Calculating leap year: For Finding number of leap year (1 - 99) years, divide the number of years by 4 and the quotient will be the number of leap years.

Code for weekdays:

 

Total odd days = 0 + 4 + 1 + 3 = 8 days = 1 week + 1 odd day.

1 is the code for "Monday".

Hence, the correct answer is "Monday".

The pattern is as follows:

For Vowel → Vowel - 3 

For Consonant → Consonant + 3

Hence, the correct answer is OLFRVW.

NOTE : Here, We are not directly added or subtracted from alphabet place value, here we are using the Vowel and consonant concept. As 3 subtracted from vowel and 3 added in consonant.

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is placed at 'PQ' is

Hence, Option 3 is the correct answer.

Additional Information

In a mirror image Left changes to right and the right changes to left vice-versa.

When placement of mirror not given, By default we will assume it in Vertical direction.

The Letter adjacent to the mirror after the mirror image will adjacent to it just with the left change to right and right change to left vice-versa.

The starting letter of the word will be at last after the mirror image drawn with left changes to right and right changes to left.

The pattern will be as follows:

Hence, the correct answer is Option 1.

Arranging them according to the given information,

Eight friends A , B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting anticlockwise,

1. G is sitting in the Southeast direction,

2. In the same sequence around a circular table at equal distances,

So, A is sitting in the North - east direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "North - east".

The logic here is,

Second Number = (Square of First number × 2) + 100

7 : 198

(7² × 2) + 100 = (49 × 2) + 100 = 98 + 100 = 198.

Similarly,

(82 × 2) + 100 = (64 × 2) + 100 = 128 + 100 = 228.

8 : 228

Hence, the correct answer is "8 : 228".

Given series is

15 B (14 C 7) A 25 D (18 C 13) C 8 B (2 A 3) = ?

Decoding the given information,

 

Substituting the letters with the operations:

15 × (14 - 7) + 25 ÷ (18 - 13) - 8 × (2 + 3) = ?

BODMAS Rule:

Using BODMAS rule,

15 × 7 + 25 ÷ 5 - 8 × 5

= 15 × 7 + 5 - 8 × 5

= 105 + 5 - 40

= 110 - 40

= 70

Hence, the correct answer is 70.

Logic: Each term is increased by multiple of 2 and multiple of 3 number successively start from 2,

The pattern followed here is,

Hence, "96" is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is IRS.

Alternate Method

Hence, the correct answer is IRS.

The image (X) can be seen in the following figure

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

Important Points

• Do not get tensed by the complexity of the figures.
• Carefully understand the structure of the given question figure.
• The embedded figure may not be of exact size. It may be small or big.
• Sometimes the rotation or reflection of the figures may be confusing.
• So think wisely before selecting the answer.

 

Option 1, 2 and 4 are embedded in the given figure (X) and shown from the color.

Option 2: It is embedded in given figure.

Option 3: It is not embedded in given figure.

 

Option 4: It is embedded in given figure.

Option 3) is NOT embedded in the figure (X).

Because the lines formed in the middle of this figure are not in the given figure in question.

Hence, "option 3" is the correct answer.

Given,

Total Amount = Rs. 2,871

Ratio of A : B : C = 9 : 11 : 13 (Given),

Then,

9 + 11 + 13 = 33

33 = 2,871

1= 87 

C will get = 87 × 13 = Rs. 1131

A will get = 9 × 87 = Rs. 783

C will get w.r.t A = Rs. (1131 - 783) = Rs. 348

Hence, the correct answer is Rs. 348.

The possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as below,

Conclusions:

1. Some frogs are fish → True (It is clear from the given statements that some fish are frogs that means some frogs will also be fish).
2. Some fish are octopuses → True (It is clear from the given statements that some octopuses are fish that means some fish will also be octopuses).

Thus, Both the Conclusions follow.

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is held at the right side is:

Hence, "Option 1" is the correct answer.

Family Chart :-

Pointing towards a man, a lady said, "His brother (man's brother) is my mother's (lady's mother) only daughter's husband's son's father".

Here "Lady's mother's only daughter here lady herself". 

And lady's husband's son's father will be the lady's husband so that man will be the brother of lady's husband. 

Drawing family tree according to the statement,

Family tree :-

  

Clearly, Lady's husband is the brother of the man.

Hence, the correct answer is "Brother".

In 1st and 2nd Dice, 4 number is common,

So, from 4 start clockwise,

then, 6 is the opposite face of 2 and 5 is the opposite face of 1.

Thus, 4 is the opposite face of 3 and 3 is the opposite face of 4.

Hence, "4" is the correct answer.

According to the sequence in the dictionary: 

The correct order of the given words is:

iii) Lacerate

iv) Lactation

ii) Lacuna 

i) Lexicon

v) Locust

Hence, the correct answer is "3, 4, 2, 1, 5".

Additional Information

1. First of all, check the common letter in all.
2. Arrange them according to the alphabet they come first. 
3. When common letters are arranged, then go for the rest.

The logic followed here is:

SOGGY → 19 + 15 + 7 + 7 + 25 = 73

Number of letters in SOGGY is 5

73 +  5 = 78.

PLINTH → 16 + 12 + 9 + 14 + 20 + 8 = 79

Number of letters in PLINTH is 6

79 + 6 = 85.

Similarly,

DEVOTION → 4 + 5 + 22 + 15 + 20 + 9 + 15 + 14 = 104

Number of letters in DEVOTION is 8

104 + 8 = 112.

Hence, the correct answer is "112".

The given series is

25, 36, 51, 70, 93, 120, ?

The logic followed for the series is,

Hence, the correct answer is 151.

The pattern followed here is:

 

Hence the correct answer is "Option 2".

According to the given information,

Car drivers, Human beings, Men

From figure, some men are car drivers such as some car drivers are men but all men and car drivers are human beings.

Hence, "option 3" is the correct answer.

The pattern is as follows: 

Hence, the correct answer is "XWCZ".

Family chart :-

Drawing the family tree,

Family Tree :-

M is sister of Z and P is daughter of Z, so, M is paternal aunt of P.

Hence, the correct answer is "Paternal aunt".

The pattern follows here is -

Hence, the correct answer is "58".

The Logic followed here is:

The Arrow is moving in his same position Clockwise and the circle is changing its position when the new shape is inserted.

The Square which has 4 sides its side increases by +1 and changes to Pentagon of side 5 same as the Triangle which has 3 sides its side increases by +1 and changes to Square of 4 sides.

Hence, the correct answer is Option 2.

The pattern followed is,

Hence, the correct answer is "RUXAE".

The pattern followed is

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is JMDFVR.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follow,

Conclusion:

I. No college is a ground → True (It is clear from the Venn diagram that "No college is a ground")

II. No school is a college → False (It is clear from the Venn diagram that definitely "Some schools are colleges")

III. Some schools are colleges → True (It is clear from the Venn diagram that "Some schools are colleges")

Hence, "Only conclusions I and III follow" is the correct answer.

 

The pattern is as follows:

Middle symbols : Moving anticlockwise.

Oval shaped symbol : Alternate in each figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Given equation is,

63 ÷ 21 - 42 + 8 × 7 = 135

Interchanging numbers and applying BODMAS rule option wise,

(I) 63 ÷ 21 - 42 + 8 × 7 = 135

Interchanging 21 and 42

63 ÷ 42 - 21 + 8 × 7 = 135

1.5 - 21 + 8 × 7 = 135

1.5 - 21 + 56 = 135

1.5 - 35 = 135

-33.5 ≠ 135

(II) 63 ÷ 21 - 42 + 8 × 7 = 135

Interchanging 21 and 8

63 ÷ 8 - 42 + 21 × 7 = 135

7.875 - 42 + 21 × 7 = 135

7.875 - 42 + 147 =135

7.875 + 105 = 135

112.875 ≠ 135

(III) 63 ÷ 21 - 42 + 8 × 7 = 135

Interchanging 7 and 63

7 ÷ 21 - 42 + 8 × 63 = 135

0.33 - 42 + 8 × 63 = 135

0.33 - 42 + 504 = 135

462.33 ≠ 135

(IV) 63 ÷ 21 - 42 + 8 × 7 = 135

Interchanging 7 and 21

63 ÷ 7 - 42 + 8 × 21 = 135

9 - 42 + 8 × 21 = 135

9 - 42 + 168 = 135

9 + 126 = 135

135 = 135.

Hence, "7 and 21" is the correct answer.

Important Points

In this type of questions, where the answer is a whole number,

Look for the option which will have a whole number quotient after the divide.

Like, in this question,

63 is divisible by 21 and 7 only and only one option satisfies this condition.

From the given information,

Code for 'my' is '5'.

Code for 'these' is '6'.

So, code '569' stands for 'my these things'.

Hence, the answer is "my these things".

Arranging the given body parts as in the body from bottom to top, we get

1. Knee
2. Waist
3. Navel
4. Chin
5. Eyebrows

So, the correct order is 1, 4, 2, 5, 3.

Hence, the correct answer is Option 4.

The Logic followed here is:

The third number = The First number × (second number ÷ 2)

In Row 1,

14 × (4 ÷ 2)

= 14 × 2 = 28

In Row 2,

21 × (6 ÷ 2)

= 21 × 3 = 63

Similarly,

In Row 3,

45 × (8 ÷ 2)

= 45 × 4 = 180

Hence, the correct answer is "180".

Additional Information

The most common pattern asked in exams are based on:

• It could be the sum of two numbers divided by a constant
• It could be average of numbers.
• It could be in the form of alphabets, where alphabets are increased by constant or increased by the square of numbers or increased by prime numbers.
• It could be the difference of product of two diametrically opposite numbers.
• It could be the difference in the sum of adjacent numbers.
• The difference of the numbers could be in the pattern 1³ ± 1, 2³ ± 1,  and so on.
• The difference of the numbers could be in the pattern 1² ± 1, 2² ± 1, and so on.
• Numbers could be 1², 2², 3² and so on or 1³, 2³, 3³ and so on.
• The difference could be prime numbers or the difference could be the square of prime numbers.
• The difference could be in the form of N² ± N or N³ ± N.
• The difference could be in the form of ×N + N or ×2 + 1, ×2 + 2, ×2 + 3 and so on.
• The difference could be in the form of ×2 ± 1 alternatively.
• Numbers could be ×1, ×2, ×3 and so on.

Logic:

FOREST

After arranging as Alphabet Order,

EFORST

Now, writing this in Reverse order,

TSROFE

Similar,

MOVING

After arranging as Alphabet Order,

GIMNOV

Now, writing this in Reverse Order,

VONMIG

1. Each line has three friends.

2. Jogi is sitting between Vikrant and Saroj.

3. Shrikanth is sitting just behind Vikrant.

Case I

Case II

4. Vaani is to the immediate right of Tripthi.

Case I

Case II

Vikrant, Jogi and Saroj are in same line.

Shrikanth, Tripthi and Vaani are in same line.

Hence, the correct answer is "Jogi, Vikrant and Saroj".

According to the given information,

The sum of the current ages of Vishal and Aditi is 105 years.

Let the Vishal's age be x

And the Aditi's age be y

x + y = 105  ----(1)

If Aditi is 25 years younger than Vishal then,

x = y + 25   ----(2)

Putting value of equation (2) in equation (1),

y + 25 + y = 105

2y = 80

y = 40

y is Aditi's present age, which is 40.

Pritam is 7 years older than Aditi

So Pritam's age = y + 7 = 40 + 7 = 47.

Hence, the correct answer is 47.

Given

 

The logic follows here is :-

19 , 9 , 140

(19 + 9) × 5

28 × 5 = 140,

17, 9, 130

(17 + 9) × 5

26 × 5 = 130,

Similarly,

? , 5 , 120

(? + 5) × 5 = 120

(? + 5) = 120 ÷ 5

(? + 5) = 24

? = 24 - 5

? = 19

Hence, the correct answer is 19.

The paper when unfolded step by step:

Hence, the correct answer is Option 4.

Given equation is :-

16 * 35 * 5 * 20 * 4 * 89

Placing mathematical signs at the place of * and using BODMAS rule

(1) 16 * 35 * 5 * 20 * 4 * 89

Placing ×, - , +, ÷, =

16 × 35 - 5 + 20 ÷ 4 = 89

16 × 35 - 5 + 5 = 89

560 - 5 + 5 = 89

555 + 5 = 89

560 ≠ 89.

(2) 16 * 35 * 5 * 20 * 4 * 89

Placing ×, ÷, +, -, =

16 × 35 ÷ 5 + 20 - 4 = 89

16 × 7 + 20 - 4 = 89

112 + 20 - 4 = 89

112 + 16 = 89

128 ≠ 89.

(3) 16 * 35 * 5 * 20 * 4 * 89

Placing -, ×, ÷, +, =

16 - 35 × 5 ÷ 20 + 4 = 89

16 - 35 × 0.25 + 4 = 89

16 - 8.75 + 4 = 89

7.25 + 4 = 89

11.25 ≠ 89.

(4) 16 * 35 * 5 * 20 * 4 * 89

Placing -, ÷, +, ×, =

16 - 35 ÷ 5 + 20 × 4 = 89

16 - 7 + 20 × 4 = 89

16 - 7 + 80 = 89

16+ 73 = 89

89 = 89.

Hence, the correct answer is "-, ÷, +, ×, =".

The pattern follows here is

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "UTJPN".

According to the given information, the possible diagram is as below:

As we can see in the diagram, the distance between the final position of Arjun and his home is = 40 - 15 = 25 m.

Hence, the correct answer is "25 m".

According to the given information,

Code for "Max" is get.

Code for "Zax" is will.

Code for "Dax" is he.

Hence, "he" is the correct answer.

From the given diagram,

The 'Rectangle' represents 'Judges', the 'Triangle' stands for 'Males' and the 'Hexagon' stands for 'Golf players'.

Ask: Total number of Judges who are males.

So, we should find common part of Judges and males.

The shaded part represents the Judges who are Males i.e (26 + 8) = 34

Hence, "34" is the correct answer.

<br>

The pattern is as follows:

<br>

Thus, option 2, 3 and 4 are following same pattern and 1st option is not follow this pattern.

Note:  B(2) - 5 = (26 + 2) - 5 = 23(W).  As alphabet series end at Z(26).

Hence, "ZUQP" is the correct answer.

The pattern follows here is:

36, 55, 49

6² = 36

49 + 6 = 55

64, 47, 39

8² = 64

39 + 8 = 47

So, 

49, 68, 61

7² = 49

61 + 7 = 68

Hence, the correct answer is 68.

Drawing the Diagram in the given information,

So, J's house is 45 m North to Q' house.

Hence, "North, 45 m" is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, the correct answer is 246.

The correct answer is Chahamana.

• The best-known Chahamana ruler was Prithviraj III (1168- 1192), who defeated an Afghan ruler named Sultan Muhammad Ghori in 1191, but lost to him the very next year, in 1192.

Important Points

• Shihab al-Din, popularly known as Muhammad Ghori was the Muslim ruler who laid the foundation for the subsequent Islamic ruling dynasties of India which saw its pinnacle later in the Mughal Empire.
• He was defeated in many battles, notably by Chahamana ruler Prithviraj III (1178-1192 CE) in the First Battle of Tarain in 1191 CE, by Gujrati Chalukya ruler Mularaja II  (1178 CE), and by the rulers of the Khwarazm Empire.
• The Second Battle of Tarain established the Ghurid rule in India with the chief Rajput ruler Prithviraj being beaten.

The correct answer is Jawaharlal Nehru.

• Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as President of the Indian National Congress in December 1929 at its annual session in the city of Lahore.

Important Points

• Indian National Congress was formed on December 28, 1885, by British civil servant Allan Octavian Hume.
• Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee was elected as the first president of the first meeting of the Congress.
• The Indian National Congress, on 19 December 1929, passed the historic ‘Purna Swaraj’ – (total independence) resolution – at its Lahore session.
• A public declaration was made on 26 January 1930 – a day which the Congress Party urged Indians to celebrate as ‘Independence Day’.
• In 1929, Lord Irwin, the then Viceroy of India, made a vaguely announced – referred to as the Irwin Declaration -  that India would be granted dominion status in the future.

Additional Information

The correct answer is adaptive radiation.

• Adaptive radiation (divergent evolution) is the evolution from one species of animals or plants of many different forms.
• The original population increases in size and it spreads out from its center of origin to exploit new habitats and food sources.
• This results in many populations each adapted to its particular habitat. Eventually, these populations will differ from each other sufficiently to become new species.

Key Points

• Adaptive evolution is natural selection that acts to increase the frequency of beneficial alleles and traits while decreasing the frequency of deleterious qualities.
• Natural selection acts at the level of the individual, selecting for those that have a higher overall fitness compared to the rest of the population.
• There are several ways evolution can affect population variation: stabilizing selection, directional selection, diversifying selection, frequency-dependent selection, and sexual selection.
• Genetic drift produces random changes in the frequency of traits in a population. An evolution that arises from genetic drift is called neutral evolution.

The correct answer is 2015.

• On 4 December 2015, the first lot of 33 files which were declassified were handed over by the Prime Minister's Office (PMO) to the National Archives of India.
• The Government of India had decided to declassify the files relating to Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and make them accessible to the public.
• This was announced by the Hon’ble Prime Minister of India on 14 October 2015.

Important Points

• Subhas Chandra Bose (Netaji) (23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945) is known for his role in India's independence movement.
• He was born on 23rd January 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa Division, Bengal Province, to Prabhavati Dutt Bose and Janakinath Bose.
• He earned the title ‘Netaji’, in Germany by the Indian soldiers of the Azad Hind Fauj in 1942.
• His very famous slogan is, “Give me blood, and I shall give you freedom!” as well as “Jai Hind”.
• He was elected the President of the All India Youth Congress and also the Secretary of Bengal State Congress.
• He formed the All India Forward Bloc.
• He is said to have died in 1945 when his plane crashed in Taiwan. However, there are still many conspiracy theories regarding his death.

The correct answer is Faraday and Henry.

• The Discovery and understanding of electromagnetic induction are based on a long series of experiments carried out by Henry and Faraday.
• Experiment 1: This shows that the relative motion between the magnet and the coil is responsible for a generation (induction) of electric current in the coil.
• Experiment 2: The deflection, and consequently current becomes larger if a coil is moved towards or away from the other coil at a quicker rate.
• Experiment 3: Faraday showed that this relative motion is not an absolute requirement.
  

It is also observed that the deflection increases dramatically when an iron rod is inserted into the coils along their axis.

Important Points

• Rutherford's experiment: It proved the existence of a nucleus in the atom.
• Ernest Rutherford's most famous experiment is the gold foil experiment.
• A beam of alpha particles was aimed at a piece of gold foil. Most alpha particles passed through the foil, but a few were scattered backward. This showed that most of the atom is in space surrounding a tiny nucleus.
• Einstein's experiment was chasing after a beam of light and had played a memorable role in his development of special relativity.
• He is famous for his theory of relativity, which revolutionized our understanding of space, time, gravity, and the universe.
• One equation from Albert Einstein's theory of relativity is E=mc².
• In this formula, "c" is the speed of light (constant). It is assumed to be the fastest speed possible in the universe. This formula explains how energy (E) is related to mass (m).
• Planck's work in thermodynamics led to the formulations of his quantum theory.
• To explain the colors of hot glowing matter, he proposed that energy is radiated in a very minute and discrete quantized amount of packets, rather than in a continuous unbroken wave.
• Enrico Fermi's experiment discovers the neutron and then discover artificial radioactivity.
• Fermi resolved to experiment in producing artificial radioactivity by substituting neutron bombardment for the alpha particles method.

The correct answer is 1951.

• The planned economic development in India began in 1951 with the inception of the First Five Year Plan, theoretical efforts had begun much earlier, even before the independence.
• It focused primarily on the development of the primary sector, specifically agriculture and irrigation.

Important Points

• First Five-Year Plan was launched from 1951 to 1956, under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru.
• It was based on the Harrod-Domar model with a few modifications.
• This plan was successful and achieved a growth rate of 3.6% (more than its target of 2.1%).
• The duration of the "Eleventh Five Year Plan" was from 2007 to 2012, under the leadership of Manmohan Singh.
• It was prepared by the C. Rangarajan.
• The theme was towards faster and more inclusive development.
• It achieved a growth rate of 8% against a target of 9% growth.

Key Points

• India had a total of 12 Five-Year Plans, the last one being from 2012-2017.
• In 2015, Prime Minister Narendra Modi dissolved the Planning Commission and replaced it with the NITI Aayog
• The National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog) facts:
• Formed: 1 January 2015
• Chairman - Narendra Modi
• Vice-Chairman - Dr. Suman Bery
• CEO - Sh. BVR Subrahmanyam

The correct answer is 3702 km².

Key Points

• Goa is a state in western India with coastlines stretching along the Arabian Sea.
• It is India's smallest state (1,429 square miles).
• 30, May 1987 is the Goa formation day.
• Some facts about Goa:
• Capital: Panaji
• Governor: Shri P.S. Sreedharan Pillai
• CM: Pramod Pandurang Sawant
• Official language: Konkani
• Largest city: Vasco da Gama
• Number of districts: 2 (North Goa and South Goa)

Additional Information

• The Dudhsagar Waterfalls (603 meters) can be found in the far east of the state.
• Calangute is the largest beach in Goa. Other beaches are included Baga Beach, Arambol Beach, Morjim Beach, Palolem Beach, Anjuna Beach.
• UNESCO World Heritage Site Basilica of Bom Jesus was built in the 16th Century.
• Article 371 in the Indian constitution is a special provision for Goa.

The correct answer is The Banyan Tree.

• "The Banyan Tree" was written by Rabindranath Tagore.
• "A Love Song from the North", "My Dead Dream", "In the Forest" all are written by Sarojini Naidu.

Additional Information

• Sarojini Naidu was an Indian political activist, a member of the Indian National Congress, and a poet.
• She was the first female Indian governor.
• She was titled as ‘Nightingale of India’ by Mahatma Gandhi.
• Her first guru was Gopal Krishna Gokhale who encouraged her to fight for the country and ignited the fire of patriotism in her.
• The British government also awarded her the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal for her work during the plague epidemic in India.
• Some books written by the Sarojini Naidu are The Golden Threshold, Mohammad Jinnah: An Ambassador of Unity, The Indian Fantasy, The Royal Tombs of Golconda, The Snake Charmer, etc.
• Rabindranath Tagore was also known as Gurudev, was a Bengali polymath- poet, writer, composer, philosopher, and painter.
• He was the first non-European and the first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize for Literature (1913).
• He was the author of ‘Geetanjali’.
• Tagore was awarded the knighthood by King George V in 1915, but he repudiated it in 1919 as a protest against the Amritsar (Jallianwala Bagh) Massacre. He is sometimes referred to as “the Bard of Bengal”.
• He was the founder of Visvabharati University.
• He is the only person who wrote the National anthem for two countries- ‘Jana Gana Mana’ originally written in Bengali for India in 1911 and first sung at the Calcutta Session of Congress and ‘Amar Sonar Bangla’ for Bangladesh in the year 1905.

The correct answer is Kapil Dev.

• Kapil Dev Ramlal Nikhanj is a former Indian cricketer. He is known as ‘Haryana Hurricane’.
• He was born on 6 January 1959 in Chandigarh.
• His test debut (cap 142) on 16 October 1978 with Pakistan Team.
• Kapil Dev led the Indian cricket team to their maiden World Cup triumph on June 25, 1983.

Important Points

The correct answer is Steel Authority of India Limited.

• There are 12 Maharatna CPSEs (Central Public Sector Enterprises), namely:
• Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
• Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
• Coal India Limited
• GAIL (India) Limited
• Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited
• Indian Oil Corporation Limited
• NTPC Limited
• Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
• Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited
• Steel Authority of India Limited
• Power Finance Corporation
• There are 13 Navratna Companies in India:
• Bharat Electronics Limited
• Container Corporation of India Limited
• Engineers India Limited
• Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
• Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited
• National Aluminium Company Limited
• NBCC (India) Limited
• NMDC Limited
• NLC India Limited
• Oil India Limited
• Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited
• Rural Electrification Corporation Limited
• Shipping Corporation of India Limited
• REC Ltd becomes 12th company to gets 'Maharatna' company

Key Points

• Maharatna Company Criteria:
• Having a Navratna status.
• Listed on Indian stock exchange with minimum prescribed public shareholding under SEBI regulations.
• Average annual turnover of more than Rs. 25,000 crore, during the last 3 years.
• The average annual net worth of more than Rs. 15,000 crore, during the last 3 years.
• Average annual net profit after tax of more than Rs. 5,000 crore, during the last 3 years.
• Should have a significant global presence/international operations.

Important PointsAs of September 2024, India has 13 Maharatna companies and 25 Navratna companies: List of Maharatna, Navratna and Miniratna.

The correct answer is Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman.

• India's first physicist to win a Nobel Physics Prize in 1930, for his work on the scattering of light.
• The discovery of the effect was named after him (Raman Effect).
• He further established that a small portion of the scattered light acquires other wavelengths than that of the original light because some of the incoming photons' energy can be transferred to a molecule, giving it a higher level of energy.

Important Points

The correct answer is fiscal policy.

• Fiscal policy is concerned with the government’s taxation and public expenditure.
• Fiscal policy is how a government adjusts its spending levels and tax rates to monitor and influence a nation's economy.
• It is the sister strategy to monetary policy through which a central bank influences a nation's money supply.

Important Points

• Financial policies, which are adopted by the legislative body, provide written guidance for how local government officials and staff should approach fiscal issues and core financial areas.
• It is related to the regulation, supervision, and oversight of the financial and payment systems, including markets and institutions.
• The view of policies is in promoting financial stability, market efficiency, and client-asset and consumer protection.
• Financial Management takes financial decisions under three main categories namely, investment decisions, financing decisions, and dividend decisions.
• Fiscal reform refers to a wide range of structural adjustments to a country’s fiscal system, particularly taxation models and fiscal incentives.
• It can reflect the true values and importance of biodiversity and ecosystem services in national economies.
• Financial reforms are introduced in the bank to remove the deficiencies of the banking sectors in India.
• The main intent of reforms is to uphold a diversified, efficient, and competitive financial system with the aim of improving the allocative efficiency of resources through operational flexibility, improved financial viability and institutional solidification.

The correct answer is Gujarat.

• The origin of the Hallisaka dance is traced to the Harivamsa Purana.
• It is a form of group dance, which is performed by both males and females.

Important Points

The correct answer is Squash.

• Ritwik Bhattacharya, Joshna Chinappa, and Saurav Ghosal are associated with Squash.
• Ritwik Bhattacharya led Indian squash to a good growing momentum which was further capitalized by the young crop of Saurav Ghosal and Co.
• He won the national championship a record 5 times.
• He also partnered Saurav to the world championship doubles final way back in 2004.
• Saurav Ghosal is currently ranked 13th in the world (PSA Men's World Rankings).
• Saurav has won 5 titles, besides one gold and one silver at the 2014 Asian Games and three bronze medals before that.
• Joshna Chinappa is the current India number 1 in the women's category.

Additional Information

• According to PSA Men's World Rankings of August 2020:
• Mohamed El Shorbagy, an Egyptian player ranked top, and Ali Farag, from Egypt, ranked 2nd.

The correct answer is 1915.

Important Points

• Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi landed on January 9, 1915, at the Apollo Bunder in Bombay after two decades of residence abroad.
• He received a "Kaiser-i-Hind" gold medal in the King’s birthday honors list of 1915.
• His political mentor on the Indian scene was Gopal Krishna Gokhale.
• Lord Hardinge’s open support of the Satyagraha movement had in any case removed the stigma of rebellion from South Africa’s Indian movement.

Key Points

• As a 19-year-old, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi had left India for the first time on September 4, 1888, to get enrolled in the centuries-old law institute Inner Temple in London.
• In 1894 Gandhi tried his first criminal cases in South Africa.
• From 1893 till 1913 Gandhiji practiced in South Africa.
• On March 12, 1930, Indian independence leader Mohandas Gandhi begins a defiant march to the sea in protest of the British salt monopoly.
• Gandhi set out from Sabarmati Ashram, Ahmadabad with 78 followers on a 241-mile march to the coastal town of Dandi on the Arabian Sea.
• They reached Dandi on April 5, Gandhi was at the head of a crowd of tens of thousands. Gandhi spoke and led prayers and early the next morning walked down to the sea to make salt.

The correct answer is Jharkhand.

Important Points

• Some Indian States and their folk Dances:

The correct answer is Raoult’s law.

Raoult’s law states that a solvent’s partial vapour pressure in a solution (or mixture) is equal or identical to the vapour pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution.

Mathematically, Raoult’s law equation is written as;

P_solution = Χ_solventP⁰_solvent

Where,

Psolution = vapour pressure of the solution

Χ_solvent  = mole fraction of the solvent

P⁰_solvent = vapour pressure of the pure solvent

Important Points

The correct answer is Cuttack.

Key Points

• This festival Baliyatra is also celebrated with great fanfare in the entire Odisha.
• Baliyatra bears testimony to the rich maritime legacy of ancient Odisha (Kalinga).
• It celebrates the maritime history of Odisha and its ancient trading links in Bali, Indonesia.
• This festival is known as "Boita Bandhana Utsav" (Boat Festival) which has been celebrated from a very ancient time to till now.
• The festival is held on Kartik Purnima (Full Moon Day of the Month of Kartika) which is usually varied in October or in November in the English calendar.

The correct answer is ground.

• The groundwater utilization is very high in the states of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu.
• Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Tripura, and Maharashtra are utilizing their groundwater resources at a moderate rate.
• States like Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Kerala utilize only a small proportion of their groundwater potentials.

Important Points

• The total replenishable groundwater resources in the country are about 432 cubic km.
• The Ganga and the Brahmaputra basins have about  46% of the total replenishable groundwater resources.
• The level of groundwater utilization is relatively high in the river basins lying in the north-western region and parts of south India.

The correct answer is Chess.

Key Points

• Viswanathan Anand is the first Indian chess grandmaster in 1988 and a former world chess champion.
• At the age of 15, Anand became the youngest Indian to win the title of International Master (IM) 1984.
• Anand won his first National Chess Championship in 1986.
• The title of Grandmaster was awarded to ‘Vishy’ in 1988.
• He won the Chess Oscar six times.
• He won the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE; international chess federation) world championship in 2000, 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2012.
• Pentala Harikrishna is an Indian chess player. He became the youngest grandmaster from India.
• He was Commonwealth Champion in 2001, World Junior Champion in 2004, and Asian Individual Champion in 2011.
• Vidit Gujrathi is an Indian chess player. He attained the title of Grandmaster in January 2013.

The correct answer is 1849.

Key Points

• The second Anglo-Sikh war was fought between 1848 and 1849.
• Battles were fought in Ramnagar and Chilianwala.
• This war led to the complete control of Punjab by the British.
• Punjab was annexed by the British in March 1849 (under Lord Dalhousie) as per the Treaty of Lahore.
• The eleven-year-old Maharaja, Duleep Singh was pensioned off to England.
• Dalhousie was recommended for his role in the annexation of Punjab to the British and was made a Marquis.
• The famous Koh-i-Noor diamond went into British hands.

The correct answer is Videsh.

• ONGC Videsh Limited, a Miniratna Schedule “A” Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) of the Government of India under the administrative control of the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas.
• It is the wholly-owned subsidiary and overseas arm of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC), the flagship national oil company (NOC) of India.
• It owns Participating Interests in 37 oil and gas assets in 17 countries.

Additional Information

• The headquarters of ONGC is Vasant Kunj, Delhi.
• CEO of ONGC is Shashi Shanker.
• Oil discovered for the first time in India was Digboi.
• ONGC operates a refinery in Tatipaka which is located in Andhra Pradesh.
• Mangalore Refineries and Petrochemicals Ltd is a subsidiary of ONGC.
• Mumbai high oil field is run by ONGC.

The correct answer is active.

• Vaccination is another way to become immune to a disease. These ways of gaining immunity, either from having an illness or from vaccination, are examples of active immunity.
• Active immunity results when a person’s immune system works to produce antibodies and activate other immune cells to certain pathogens.
• If the person encounters that pathogen again, long-lasting immune cells specific to it will already be primed to fight it.

Important Points

• A different type of immunity, called passive immunity, results when a person is given someone else’s antibodies.
• Passive immunity is "borrowed" from another source and it lasts for a short time.
• For example, antibodies in a mother's breast milk give a baby temporary immunity to diseases the mother has been exposed to.
• When these antibodies are introduced into the person’s body, the “loaned” antibodies help prevent or fight certain infectious diseases.
• The protection offered by passive immunization is short-lived, usually lasting only a few weeks or months.
• Adaptive (acquired) immunity: This protects from pathogens that develop as we go through life.
• As we are exposed to diseases or get vaccinated, we build up a library of antibodies to different pathogens. This is sometimes referred to as immunological memory because our immune system remembers previous enemies.

Additional Information

• White blood cells also called leukocytes (LOO-Kuh-sites), play an important role in the immune system.
• There are two main types of leukocyte:
• Phagocytes: These cells surround and absorb pathogens and break them down, effectively eating them.
• Lymphocytes: Lymphocytes help the body to remember previous invaders and recognize them if they come back to attack again.

The correct answer is Bhagat Singh Koshyari.

Important Points

The correct answer is Arunachal Pradesh.

• Languages like Nyishi, Apatani, Bokar, Galo, Tagin, Adi are widely spoken in Arunachal Pradesh.
• It falls under the Tani dialect (a type of Tibeto-Burman language).
• However, in the eastern part of the state, it is the Mishmi language which is widely spoken.
• In the west and the north, people speak the Bodic language.

Key Points

• Most of the Mizo are Tibeto-Burman peoples, speaking Mizo or a closely related Tibeto-Burman language or the dialect.
• Mizo and English are the principal and official languages in Mizoram.
• Other languages dialects of Mizoram are - Aso, Chho, Halam, Lai, Lusei, Mara, Miu - Khumi, Paite, Thado - Kuki, etc.
• Konyak is the most spoken language in Nagaland.
• Angami, Gnamei, Ngami, Tsoghami, Tsugumi, Monr, Tsanglo, Tenyidie is a Naga native language spoken in the Naga Hills in the northeastern part of India.
• The Assamese language is the official language of the Assam state of India.

The correct answer is decreases with increase in temperature.

Key Points

• With metals, there are plenty of mobile carriers, and the motion of the lattice atoms due to thermal energy causes them to interfere with the transport of mobile carriers through the lattice.
• With semiconductors, there are insufficient mobile carriers at low temperatures and resistance is high.
• But as one heats the material, more and more of the lightly bound carriers escape and become free to conduct. It should be noted that once all the soon-to-be-mobile carriers in a semiconductor are fully activated, it then behaves like a 'metal' and further temperature increases will cause it to reduce conductivity.

Additional Information

• The resistivity of metals typically increases as the temperature is increased, while the resistivity of semiconductors typically decreases as the temperature is increased.

The correct answer is Vijaybhai Rupani.

• He is the 16th Chief Minister of Gujarat from 7 August 2016.

Important Points

The correct answer is Monera.

• A prokaryote is a relatively simple single-celled organism.
• Only one kingdom of prokaryotes, known as Monera.

Important Points

• Whittaker proposed an elaborate five-kingdom classification – Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
• Carl Woese proposed six-kingdom classification - Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaea/Archaebacteria, and Bacteria/Eubacteria.
• In the six-kingdom classification, Monera was divided into two parts Archaea and Eubacteria.

The correct answer is Karambir Singh.

• As of 30 June 2020, the Chief of the Naval Staff of India was Admiral Karambir Singh.

Additional Information

• General Manoj Pande is the current Chief of Army Staff.
• Vivek Ram Chaudhari  is the current Chief of Air Staff.
• General Bipin Rawat was the first Chief of Defence Staff.
• Current Chief of Defence Staff: Lt General Anil Chauhan (retired)

Key Points

• Navy Day in India is celebrated on 4 December.
• The theme of Navy Day 2020 is "Indian Navy Combat Ready, Credible & Cohesive".
• The Navy has three Commands, each under the control of a Flag officer Commanding-in-Chief:
  
• The Western Naval Command (Headquarters at Mumbai)
  
• The Eastern Naval Command (Headquarters at Visakhapatnam)
  
• The Southern Naval Command (Headquarters at Kochi)

The correct answer is equestrian rider.

• Fouaad Mirza is an Indian equestrian rider.
• He is the first Indian equestrian rider to win silver in individual eventing at the Asian Games in 2018.
• In 2019, Mirza received the Arjuna Award.
• In 2019, he secured Gold in the CCI3*S, in Strzegom, Poland with his new horse “Dajara”.

Additional Information

• Some winners of Arjuna Awards 2019: Ravindra Jadeja (cricket), Gurpreet Singh Sandhu (football), Sonia Lather (boxing), Chinglensana Singh Kangujam (hockey), Anjum Moudgil (shooting), Pooja Dhanda (wrestling).
• Some winners of Arjuna Awards 2020: Atanu Das (Archery), Ishant Sharma (cricket), Deepti Sharma (cricket), Sawant Ajay Anant (Equestrian), Sandesh Jhingan (Football), Akashdeep Singh (Hockey), Manu Bhaker (Shooting), Aditi Ashok (Golf).

The correct answer is Art-Vocals-Folk.

• Teejan Bai is an exponent of Pandvani, a traditional performing art form, from Chhattisgarh.
• She has been awarded the Padma Shri in 1987, and Padma Vibhushan in 2019, and also Sangeet Natak Academy award in 1995.

Additional Information

• List of Padma Vibhushan award recipients 2019:

• List of Padma Vibhushan award recipients 2020:

The correct answer is Culturable wasteland.

• Culturable Waste-Land: Any land which is left fallow (uncultivated) for more than five years is included in this category.
• It can be brought under cultivation after improving it through reclamation practices.
• If the land is left uncultivated for more than five years, it would be categorized as culturable wasteland.

Additional Information

• Permanent Pastures and Grazing Lands: Most of this type of land is owned by the village ‘Panchayat’ or the Government. Only a small proportion of this land is privately owned.
• The land owned by the village panchayat comes under ‘Common Property Resources’.
• Current Fallow: This is the land that is left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year.
• Fallowing is a cultural practice adopted for giving the land rest. The land recoups lost fertility through natural processes.

The correct answer is 530.

• The legislature of the Union (Parliament), consists of the President and two Houses, known as Council of States (Rajya Sabha) and House of the People (Lok Sabha).
• Each House has to meet within 6 months of its previous sitting.
• The Lok Sabha is composed of representatives of people chosen by direct election based on adult suffrage.
• The maximum strength of the House envisaged by the Constitution is now 552.
• 530 members to represent States.
• 20 to represent Union Territories.
• The Rajya Sabha shall consist of 250 members.
• 12 members shall be nominated by the President from amongst persons having special knowledge or practical experience in respect of such matters as literature, science, art, and social service.
• 238 representatives of the States and the Union Territories.

Additional Information

• To be chosen a member of Parliament, a person must be a citizen of India and not less than 30 years of age in the case of Rajya Sabha and not less than 25 years of age in the case of Lok Sabha.

The correct answer is Food Processing Industries.

• As of 30 June 2020, Harsimrat Kaur Badal was the Indian Cabinet Minister for the Ministry of food processing industries.
• Her tenure was from 26 May 2014 to 17 September 2020.
• This ministry is currently headed by Narendra Singh Tomar, a Cabinet Minister who is also the Minister of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare and Minister of Rural Development.

Additional Information

• List of Current Union Council of Ministers:

The correct answer is Nirmala Sitharaman.

Key Points

• List of Current Union Council of Ministers:

The correct answer is churning poor.

• The churning poor are the ones who regularly move in and out of poverty (example: small farmers and seasonal workers).

Important Points

• The occasionally poor are the ones who are rich most of the time but may sometimes have a patch of bad luck.
• Those who are usually poor but who may sometimes have a little more money (example: casual workers) are grouped together as the chronic poor.
• Chronically poor people experience deprivation over many years, often over their entire lives, and frequently pass poverty on to their children.
• When the number of poor is estimated as the proportion of people below the poverty line, it is known as ‘Head Count Ratio’.

Additional Information

• As per the report of the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (released on 7 January 2020), the state per capita income of Goa is highest in the country followed by Delhi and Sikkim.
• Bihar has the lowest NSDP per capita (INR at Current prices) Rs. 43,822 in FY 2018-19.
• Per capita income of Goa is 3.01 times more than India's average and 7.18 times more than the poorest state Bihar.

The correct answer is Sikkim.

• Sakewa is a religious festival celebrated by the Kirat Khambu Rai community of Sikkim.
• It is also known as the Bhoomi puja or Chandi puja (worship of mother earth).
• The festival begins on the full moon day of the Hindu month of Baisakh, which usually falls in April/May.
• Other festivals celebrated in Sikkim: Maghe Sankranti, Sonam Lochar, Losar, Ramnawami (Chaite Dasain), Sakewa, Saga Dawa, Pang Lhabsol, Tamu Lochar.

Important Points

• List of a religious festival in a different state in India:

The correct answer is crystalline or amorphous.

• Solids can be classified as crystalline or amorphous based on the nature of order present in the arrangement of their constituent particles.
• A crystalline solid usually consists of a large number of small crystals, each of them having a definite characteristic geometrical shape.
• In a crystal, the arrangement of constituent particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) is ordered.
• It has long-range order which means that there is a regular pattern of arrangement of particles that repeats itself periodically over the entire crystal.
• Sodium chloride and quartz are typical examples of crystalline solids.
• An amorphous solid consists of particles of irregular shape.
• The arrangement of constituent particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) in such a solid has only short-range order.
• Such portions are scattered and in between the arrangement is disordered.
• Quartz is a form of SiO₂  (silica). It has tetrahedral SiO₄  (silicate) units which are orderly arranged in crystalline quartz. When SiO2  is melted and the melt is cooled, it forms amorphous quartz glass.

Important Points

• The distinction between Crystalline and Amorphous Solids:

The correct answer is Kumbhalgarh.

Key Points

• The Largest Wall after The Great Wall of China is in India.
• The Second Largest Wall (Over 38 Kilometers) is in Kumbhalgarh, Rajasthan. It's the Wall around the Kumbhalgarh Fort.
• Kumbhalgarh Fort (or Kumbhal fort) is a Mewar fortress on the westerly range of Aravalli Hills, near Udaipur of Rajasthan state.
• It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site included in Hill Forts of Rajasthan, built during the course of the 15th century by Rana Kumbha.
• There are over 360 temples within the fort, 300 ancient Jain, and the rest are Hindu temples.

Important Points

The correct answer is Policy of ‘Paramountcy’.

Important Points

• Lord Hastings, who was the Governor-General of India from 1813 to 1823, introduced a new policy of 'paramountcy'.
• By this policy, the Company claimed that its authority was paramount or supreme, hence its power was greater than that of Indian states.
• The chief instrument through which Lord Dalhousie implemented his policy of annexation was the ‘Doctrine of Lapse’.
• Under the Doctrine of Lapse, when the ruler of a protected state died without a natural heir, his/her state was not to pass to an adopted heir as sanctioned by the age-old tradition of the country.
• Lord Dalhousie came to India as the Governor-General in 1848.
• During Lord Canning's tenure “Doctrine of Lapse” was withdrawn.
• British Imperial policies between 1763 and 1776 were focused on using the colonies to raise revenue in ways that the colonists saw as unconstitutional.
• The majority of the colonists were extremely loyal to the crown and only became “reluctant revolutionists” when there was no other choice.

Thus the correct answer is Policy of ‘Paramountcy’.

The correct answer is Loknayak.

• Jayaprakash Narayan is popularly known as JP or Lok Nayak.
• He was an Indian independence activist, theorist, socialist and political leader.
• He is also known as the "Hero of Quit India Movement".
• JP Narayan is best known for opposing former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
• It is said that Indira Gandhi's power was snatched away from her after the "JP movement" and gave the famous slogan "Sinhaasan khaali karo ki janta aati hai".

Additional Information

• Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan was born on 11 October 1902 in Sitabadiyara, Bihar.
• In 1948, he led the Socialist Party of the Congress and later formed the Samajwadi Socialist Party in association with the Gandhian Party.

The correct answer is Odisha.

Important Points

• Manganese deposits are available in Sundargarh, Keonjhar, Rayagada, and Balangir districts in Odisha.
• Dolomite is available in plenty only in the district of Sundargarh in Odisha.
• There are two major coal-bearing areas in the state which are currently being exploited namely Talcher and the Ib valley in Odisha.
• Iron ore is abundantly available in the districts of Mayurbhanj, Sundargarh, Keonjhar, and Jajpur in Odisha.

Additional Information

• South Africa is the world's largest producer of manganese, accounting for 33.5% of global production.
• The principal mineral-bearing belts in  Maharashtra are the Vidarbha area in the east and the Konkan area in the west.
• Important mineral occurrences are:
• Bauxite in Kolhapur, Raigad, Ratnagiri, Satara, Sindhudurg, Thane districts.
• China clay in Amravati, Bhandara, Chandrapur, Nagpur, Sindhudurg, Thane districts.
• Chromite in Bhandara, Chandrapur, Nagpur, Sindhudurg districts.
• Coal in Nagpur, Chandrapur, Yavatmal districts.
• Dolomite in Chandrapur, Nagpur, Yavatmal districts.
• Gold in Bhandara, Nagpur districts.
• Important mines in Kerala:
• Bauxite in Kannur, Kasaragod, Kollam, Thiruvananthapuram districts.
• China clay in Alappuzha, Ernakulam, Kannur, Kasaragod, Kollam, Kottayam, Palakkad, Thiruvananthapuram, Thrissur districts.
• Gold in Malappuram, Palakkad districts.
• Important mines in Gujarat:
• Bauxite is found in Kutch as well as Devbhoomi Dwarka District.
• Manganese deposits are found in Panchmahal, Vadodara, and Dahod District.

The correct answer is fragmentation.

Important Points

• Decomposition of detritus (dead remains of plants and animals) is the process in which decomposers break down complex organic matter into inorganic substances like carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients.
• The important steps in the process of decomposition are fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification, and mineralization.
• Detritivores (like earthworms) break down detritus into smaller particles. This process is called fragmentation.
• By the process of leaching, water-soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon and get precipitated as unavailable salts.
• In the catabolism process, Bacterial and fungal enzymes degrade detritus into simpler inorganic substances.
• Humification leads to the accumulation of a dark-colored amorphous substance called humus that is highly resistant to microbial action and undergoes decomposition at an extremely slow rate.
• The humus is further degraded by some microbes and the release of inorganic nutrients occurs by the process known as mineralization.

The correct answer is earthworm.

Important Points

• Earthworms are known as farmers’ best friends because of the multitude of services they provide that improve soil health and consequently plant health.
• The density of earthworms in the soil is considered to be a good indicator of healthy soil because they improve many soil attributes like structure, water holding capacity, moisture content, etc.
• They can also increase nutrient availability and degrade pesticide residues.
• Worms feed on plant debris (dead roots, leaves, grasses, manure) and soil.
• Their digestive system concentrates the organic and mineral constituents in the food they eat, so their casts are richer in available nutrients than the soil around them.
• Soils with earthworms drain up to 10 times faster than soils without earthworms.

The correct answer is polo.

Important Points

• The Sagol Kangjei has been adapted and adopted by the international enthusiasts of the game as Polo and now it's being played worldwide.
• Today, the world has accepted that the game of Polo originated from Manipur.
• The Manipuri Polo is played with seven players (on each side) who mount and ride ponies, which are usually 4/5 feet in height. Each player is fitted with a Polo-stick made of bamboo root.

Additional Information

• Yubi Lakpi is Manipuri Rugby.
• “Yubi” in Manipur means coconut and “Lakpi” means snatching.
• In Manipur, Hiyang Tannaba is Boat Race.
• It is generally held in November at Thangapat (Moat). The boats called Hiyang Hiren are regarded to be invested with spiritual powers and the game is associated with religious rites.
• Mukna is Manipuri Wrestling.
• The game is the Manipuri style of wrestling played between two male rivals for a trial of strength by sheer physical strength and skill.

Key Points

• Cricket originated in South England.
• The modern game of hockey emerged in England in the mid-18th century.
• Boxing originated in Egypt.
• This sport was introduced to the ancient Olympic Games by the Greeks in the late 7th century BC.

The correct answer is Dilip Kumar.

• The Substance And The Shadow is an autobiography of the veteran actor, Yousuf Khan, popularly known as Dilip Kumar.
• The book is written by author and former journalist Udaya Tara Nayar which chronicles the thespian’s ups and downs in his much-talked about relationships, marriage, and movies.
• The actor entered films with the 1944 release Jwar Bhata. In a career spanning six decades, he did over 60 films including Mela, Naya Daur, Aan, Devdas, Madhumati, and Mughal-E-Azam.
• He got Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1994.
• He got Pakistan’s highest civilian award Nishan-e-Imtiaz in 1998.
• He holds the Guinness World Record for winning the maximum number of awards by an Indian actor.

Important Points

The correct answer is reversibly.

• There are two types of electrochemical cells: galvanic, also called Voltaic, and electrolytic.
• Galvanic cells derive their energy from spontaneous redox reactions.
• Electrolytic cells involve non-spontaneous reactions and thus require an external electron source like a DC battery or an AC power source.

Important Points

• Galvanic cells traditionally are used as sources of DC electrical power.
• Oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction occurs at the cathode. Since the reaction at the anode is the source of electrons for the current, the anode is the negative terminal for the galvanic cell.
• The maximum work of a galvanic cell is equal to Gibb's free energy of the cell.
• Only happen when the cell is used reversibly.
• The reversible work done by a galvanic cell is equal to a decrease in its Gibbs energy.

The correct answer is 106 km.

Important Points

Land borders of India:

• India also shares water borders with Sri Lanka, Maldives, Thailand, Indonesia.
• The India-Bhutan border is 699 km long and adjoins the Indian states of Assam (267 km), Arunachal Pradesh (217 km), West Bengal (183 km), and Sikkim (32 km).

The correct answer is Gamma rays.

• Gamma rays consist of high-energy waves that can travel great distances at the speed of light and generally have a great ability to penetrate other materials.
• For that reason, gamma rays (such as from cobalt-60) are often used in medical applications to treat cancer and sterilize medical instruments.

Important Points

• Ultraviolet (UV) light has shorter wavelengths than visible light.
• The wavelength range is from 100-400 nm.
• Although UV waves are invisible to the human eye, some insects, such as bumblebees, can see them.
• This is similar to how a dog can hear the sound of a whistle just outside the hearing range of humans.
• These invisible rays that are part of the energy that comes from the sun, that can burn the skin and cause skin cancer.
• It is widely used in industrial processes and in medical and dental practices for a variety of purposes, such as killing bacteria, creating fluorescent effects, curing inks and resins, phototherapy, and suntanning.
• Light radiates from a source in waves.
• Each wave has two parts: an electric part, and a magnetic part. That's why light is called Electromagnetic Radiation.
• Visible light is usually having wavelengths in the range of 400–700 nm (4.00 × 10⁻⁷ to 7.00 × 10⁻⁷ m), between the infrared and the ultraviolet.
• X-rays have much higher energy and much shorter wavelengths than ultraviolet light.
• X-rays have very small wavelengths, between 0.01 to 10 nanometers.
• The use of x-rays is checking for fractures (broken bones), chest x-rays can spot pneumonia. Mammograms use x-rays to look for breast cancer.

Additional Information

• X-rays were first observed and documented in 1895 by German scientist Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen.
• Radio waves, television waves, and microwaves are all types of electromagnetic waves.

The correct answer is Maxwell’s.

• Maxwell formulated a set of equations involving electric and magnetic fields, and their sources, the charge and current densities.
• We have so far established that the total flux of electric field out of a closed surface is just the total enclosed charge multiplied by 1/ε₀
  

∫E⋅dA = q/ε₀, It represents completely covering the surface with a large number of tiny patches having areas dA.,ε₀ = Vacuum permittivity.

• The electric field at a point situated at a distance d from a straight charged conductor is inversely proportional to d.
• A field line and an equipotential surface are always at 90°.

Important Points

Given:

Length of the platform is 300m = 0.3 km

Speed of the train is x km/hr

Speed of a man is 6 km/hr 

Formula Used:

Time taken = Total distance/Total time

Calculation:

Let the length of train be y

Time taken by train to cross a 300m long platform = (y + 0.3)/x

⇒ (y + 0.3)/x = 30/3600

⇒ (y + 0.3)/x = 1/120

⇒ y +  0.3 = x/120

⇒ y = x/120 - 0.3

Time taken by train to cross a man walking in same direction = y/(x - 6) 

⇒ y/(x - 6) = 20/3600

On putting the value of y in the equation 

⇒ (x/120 - 0.3)/(x - 6) = 1/180

⇒ x/120 - 0.3 = (x- 6)/180

⇒ x/120 - 0.3 = x/180 - 1/30

⇒ x/120 - x/180 = 0.3 - 1/30

⇒ x/360 = 8/30

⇒ x= 96

∴ The value of x is 96 km/hr

Shortcut Trick

Length of the platform is 300m = 0.3 km

Speed of a man is 6 km/hr 

Let the length of train be y m

Speed of the train is x km/hr

According to the question,

x × 5/18 = (y + 300)/30

x × 5/18 = (y/30 + 10)      ----(1)

and

(x - 6) × 5/18 = y/20       ----(2)

on solving both we get 

⇒ x= 96

∴ The value of x is 96 km/hr

Total sales of (B1 + B2 + B3) in 2018 = 250

Total sales of (B6 + B4 + B5) in 2019 = 270

⇒ 250 : 270

⇒ 25 : 27

∴ Ratio is 25 : 27

Given:

Remainders corresponding to the divisor

Formula used:

(Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder = Dividend

Calculation:

Start from last digits

The number gives a remainder of 5 when it is divided by 7

⇒ (7x + 5)

The number gives remainder 3 when it is divided 4

⇒ [4 × (7x + 5) + 3]

Also, the number when divided by 3 gives remainder 2

⇒ [3 × {4 × (7x + 5) + 3} + 2]

⇒ [3 × (28x + 20 + 3) + 2]

⇒ 84x + 71

The number is 71 more than a multiple of 84

Hence, if the number is divided by 84

∴ The remainder will be 71

 

Let x be the number

⇒ z = 7 × 1 + 5 = 12

⇒ y = 4 × z + 3 = 51

⇒ x = 3 × y + 2 = 155

On dividing 155 by 84

∴ Remainder = 71

Important Points

If the quotient of the dividend is taken and this is used as the dividend in the next division, such as division is called Successive division. A successive division process can continue up to any number of steps until the quotient in a division became zero for the first time, i.e., the quotient in the first division is taken and divided in the second division; the quotient in the second division is taken as the dividend in the third division; the quotient in the third division is taken as the dividend in the fourth division and so on.

 

We will have to follow the rule of Successive Division (Not Normal Division). Hence, LCM Method is not followed there.

Given:

a³ + b³ = 217

(a + b) = 7

Formula Used:

(a + b)³ = a³ + b³ + 3ab (a + b)

Calculation:

Substituting the values in the formula

(7)³ = 217 + 3ab (7)

343 – 217 = 21ab

126/21 = ab

∴The value of ab is = 6

Given:

Profit ratio of three partners = 8 : 7 : 5

Period of investment of 1^st partner = 7 months

Period of investment of 2^nd partner = 8 months

Period of investment of 3^rd partner = 14 months

Concept used:

Person’s Profit = Investment × time period

Calculation:

Let the investment and time period be 7x : 8y : 14z

7x/8y = 8/7

⇒ 49x = 64y

⇒ y = 49x/64

7x/14z = 8/5

⇒ 35x = 112z

⇒ z = 35x/112

⇒ z = 5x/16

x : y : z = x : 49x/64 : 5x/16

⇒ Multiply by 64

x : y : z = 64 : 49 : 20

∴ The investment ratio is 64 : 49 : 20

Shortcut Trick We know that, 

⇒ Profit = Invested Capital × Invested Time 

Let the invested capital of all 3 be a, b, and c respectively, 

⇒ 

Now we get,

⇒ a × 7 = 8

⇒ a = 8/7

similarly, we get, b = 7/8 & c = 5/14

Now we have a = 8/7, b = 7/8,  and c = 5/14

Multiplying by 56, we get, 

⇒ 8/7(56), 7/8(56), and 5/14(56)

⇒ 64, 49, and 20

∴ The investment ratio is 64 : 49 : 20.

We have to follow the BODMAS rule.

Calculation: 

    = $[\frac{2}{3}; \div ;\frac{3}{{10}};of;\frac{4}{9}; - ;\frac{4}{5}; \times ;1\frac{1}{9}; \div ;\frac{8}{{15}};; - ;\frac{3}{4}; + \frac{3}{4}; \div \frac{1}{2}]$

    ⇒$[\frac{2}{3}; \div ;\frac{3}{{10}}; \times ;\frac{4}{9}; - ;\frac{4}{5}; \times ;\frac{{10}}{9}; \times ;\frac{{15}}{8};; - ;\frac{3}{4}; + \frac{3}{4}; \times 2]$ 

    ⇒$[\frac{2}{3}; \div ;\frac{2}{{15}} - ;\frac{5}{3};; - ;\frac{3}{4}; + \frac{3}{2};]$

    ⇒$[\frac{2}{3}; \times ;\frac{{15}}{2} - ;\frac{5}{3};; + ;\frac{3}{4};;]$

    ⇒$[5; - ;\frac{{11}}{{12}};]$ = $[\frac{{49}}{{12}}]$

∴The value of $\frac{2}{3} \div \frac{3}{{10}}of\frac{4}{9} - \frac{4}{5} \times 1\frac{1}{9} \div \frac{8}{{15}} - \frac{3}{4} + \frac{3}{4} \div \frac{1}{2}$ is $[\frac{{49}}{{12}}]$

Given:

Base of triangle is equal to the perimeter of square whose diagonal if 6√2

Formula used:

diagonal of square = a√2

Area of triangle = 1/2 base × height 

Perimeter of square = 4 × side 

Calculation: 

a√2 = 6√2 

a = 6 side of square 

4 × 6 = 24

24 = base of triangle according to question

now height is equal to side of square whose area is 144cm² 

b² = 144

b = 12

⇒ height of the triangle is equal to side of square

⇒ Area of triangle =1/2× 12× 24

So, Area of triangle = 144 cm²

Calculation:

Number of student obtained less than 350 = (30 + 45 + 60 + 35) = 170

Number of student obtained 400 or more = 35

Difference between number of students obtained less than 350 and number of students obtained 400 or more = (170 - 35) = 135

Percentage = 135/35 × 100 = 385.714% ≈ 385.7%

∴ The required percentage is 385.7%

Given :

A can complete a work in = 35 days

B can complete a work in = 15 days

Formula used: Work = Efficiency× Time

Calculation :

Let :

Total work = LCM of 35,15 = 105

Efficiency of A = 105/35 = 3 unit 

Efficiency of B = 105/15 = 7 unit 

According to Question they work together for 8 days, B left then A will complete the work 

⇒ (A+B)8 +AX = 105

⇒ 10 × 8 + 3X= 105×

⇒ 80 +3X = 105

⇒ 3X = 25× 3/5      ( In Question it is mentioned that A alone complete 60% of remaining work )

⇒ X = 5 days

So, A alone complete 60% of the remaining work in 5 days.

Alternate Method

 

 

 

Efficiency of  work of A and B in one days = 3 + 7

⇒ 10 

Total work done by A and B both in 8 days = 10 × 8

⇒ 80 

According to Question they work together for 8 days and B left then remaining work = 105 - 80 = 25

60% of remaining work = 25 × 60% = 15

A alone complete 60% of remaining work = 15/3 = 5

So, A alone complete 60% of the remaining work in 5 days.

Given:

AB = 6cm

BC = 10cm

AC = 8cm

AD is the median bisects BC

Concept Used:

Pythagoras theorem

AB2 + AC2 = BC2

Circumcentre theorem

Circumcentre of a right-angled triangle lies on the mid-point of the hypotenuse

AD = BD = DC

Calculation:

AB² + AC² = BC² 

6² + 8² = 10² 

Since it obeys the Pythagoras theorem

It is a right-angled triangle

Circumcentre of a right-angled triangle lies on the mid-point of the hypotenuse

AD = BD = DC

AD is a median which bisects BC into two equal parts

BD = DC = 5cm

AD = BD = DC = 5cm.

∴ The length of the median AD is 5 cm

Given:

There are two tower A and B

The angles of elevation of the tops of A and B are 30° and 60°, respectively

⇒ angle AOC = 30° , angle BOD = 60° 

OC = OD

Formula Used:

$tan\theta = \frac{p}{b}$

Calculation:

Let AC = h

Then, BD = H

In triangle AOC,

$tan30^\circ = \frac{h}{OC}$

⇒ $\frac{1}{{\sqrt 3 }} = \frac{h}{{OC}}$  ........... (I)

In triangle BOD,

$tan60^\circ = \frac{H}{OD}$

⇒ $\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{1} = \frac{H}{{OD}}$   .......... (II)

By Dividing eq (I) and eq (II)

⇒ $\frac{1}{3} = \frac{h}{H}$

Then the ratio of height of tower B to tower A = 3 : 1

Given:

 

Formula used:

Average = (sum of all observation)/(total number of observation)

Calculation:

Total number of car sold in 2018 = 480

Total number of dealer = 6

Average = (sum of all observation)/(total number of observation)

⇒ Average = 480/6 ⇒ 80

∴ The average sales of cars in 2018 is 80