SSC CPO Tier- I Previous Year Paper (Held On: 24 November 2020 Shift 1)

From the given diagram, 

The shaded part represents the females who are both food-lovers and lawyers = 12

Hence, the correct answer is 12.

According to the given information,

Code for 'it' is 'ga'.

Code for 'fast' is 'mo'

So, the remaining word is 'do' and remaining code is 'cha'

Code for 'do' is 'cha'.

Hence, the correct answer is cha.

The pattern followed is,

Similarly,

Hence, "YCRJTH"  is the correct answer.

Members: S, Z, R, K, J, T, N

Let us first decode the symbols and then draw a family tree.

S # Z @ R % K # J & T # N;

Family Chart,

Family tree according to the given information,

K is the father - in - law of N, R and T are brothers, Z is the sister of T, J is the mother - in - law of S.

So, J is the mother - in - law of S.

Hence, "J is the mother of S" is NOT correct.

Important Points

• Z is the wife of S, R is the brother of Z, K is the father of R and J is the wife of K.

The logic followed here:-

Hence, the correct answer is Option 3.

Alternate Method 

The star symbol is moving Anti-clockwise and each time it is increasing by +1 so on, and the circle is moving clockwise by increasing +1 each time.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Logic: 

Hence, the correct answer is "367".

The pattern followed is:-

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "SRUF".

Let the number be x

Next number = x + 1

Given that,

x + ( x + 1 ) + 4 ( x + 1 ) = 95

x + x + 1 + 4x + 4 = 95

6x + 5 = 95

6x = 90

x = 15

Hence, the required number is "15".

The family chart is as below:

According to the given information, the family diagram is as below:

Devansh is Manoj's father-in-law, so Manoj is married to Preeti.

Manoj's mother is Maaya, so Maaya is Preeti's mother-in-law.

Hence, the correct answer is "Mother-in-law".

The paper when unfolded, appears as:

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The opposite sides of the cube are:

E and Z 

X and R

Q and A

(i) A and Z (When folded, the two sides are adjacent to each other.)

(ii) A and E (When folded, the two sides are adjacent to each other.)

(iii) R and X (When folded, they are opposite to each other.)

(iv) Q and X (When folded, the two sides are adjacent to each other.)

Hence, the correct answer is R and X**.**

According to the sequence in the dictionary:

The correct order of the given words is:

v) Precaution

ii) Precious

iii) Pressure

iv) Presume

i) Pristine

Hence, the correct answer is "5, 2, 3, 4, 1".

Important Points 

1. First of all, check the common letter in all.
2. Arrange them according to the alphabet they come first. 
3. When common letters are arranged, then go for the rest.

The pattern followed is,

hence the correct answer is 'GSU'

Pattern here is :

In the given pattern, the symbol in the middle part comes to the bottom left corner, the bottom left symbol goes to the top left corner, the top left symbol comes to the middle part in the next box.

Now,

The symbols in the bottom right and top right are interchanging their position in every next box.

Hence, the correct answer to this question is "Option (4)".

The pattern in the given series is:

Hence, "1923" is the correct answer.

The logic behind this code language is as follows

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "202217196146".

Eight friends A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H are sitting in a straight line facing North.

I) E is third to the left of G, who is sitting at one of the corners (According to this statement G is sitting at the right corner because E is sitting left side of G).

II) F is sitting between D and G.

III) H is third to the left of C (This statement implies that H is at the corner).

IV) B is sitting between H and A.

According to the arrangement, C is sitting between A and E.

Hence, the correct answer is "C".

Confusion Points

Use of the word "Who" / "AND". 

Suppose for an example 

1. 

In a circular seating arrangement facing center, Pis fourth to the left of Q, (WHILE / AND / BUT ) 2^nd to the left of R.

2. 

In a circle seating arrangement facing center Pis 3^rd to the right of Q (WHILE / WHOM / WHO) is 2^nd to the left of R.

Given equation,

36 × 12 + 48 ÷ 6 - 18 = 202

Interchanging numbers and using the BODMAS rule,

(i)  6 and 12 

36 × 6 + 48 ÷ 12 - 18

= 36 × 6 + 4 - 18

= 216 + 4 - 18

= 220 - 18

= 202 = 202

(ii) 36 and 48 

48 × 12 + 36 ÷ 6 - 18

= 48 × 12 + 6 - 18

= 576 + 6 - 18

= 582 - 18

= 564 ≠ 202

(iii) 6 and 18 

36 x 12 + 48 ÷ 18 - 6 

= 36 × 12 + 2.67 - 6

= 432 + 2.67 - 6

= 434.67 - 6

= 428.67 ≠ 202

(iv) 36 and 18

18 x 12 + 48 ÷ 6 - 36 

= 18 × 12 + 8 - 36

= 216 + 8 - 36 

= 224 - 36

= 188 ≠ 202

Hence, the correct answer is "6 and 12".

The highlighted portion of the embedded figure is given below:

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Logic:- (1^st row of 1^st column × 2) + 2^nd row of 1^st column = Third row of 1^st column.

The pattern followed here is,

(17 × 2) + 15 = 49

(41 × 2) + 24 = 106

Similarly,

(? × 2) + 29 = 85

? × 2 = 85 - 29

? × 2 = 56

? = 56 / 2

? = 28

Hence, "28" is the correct answer.

Given words are the Weight Measurement Units.

According to the arrangement the sequence is:- Miligram < Decigram < Gram < Kilogram < Quintal.

Hence, the correct sequence is "5, 4, 2, 1, 3".

Important Points

Converting all the values in grams,

Miligram = 10-3 grams

Centigram = 10-2 grams

Decigram = 10-1 grams

Gram = 100 grams

Decagram = 101 grams

Hectogram = 102 grams

Kilogram = 103 grams

Quintal = 105 grams

Tonne (Megagram) = 106 grams.

According to the given infomation the possible diagram is:

By applying Pythagoras's theorem,

(X)² = 200² + 210²

(X)² = 40000 + 44100

(X)² = 84100

Taking square root both the side,

X = 290 m

Hence, the correct answer is "290m".

The pattern followed here is: 

24 + 1³ = 25

25 + 2³ = 33

33 + 3³ = 60

60 + 4³ = 124

124 + 5³ = 249

Hence, the correct answer is 124.

The Correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is placed at 'PQ' is

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

Additional Information

In a mirror image Left changes to right and the right changes to left vice-versa.

When placement of mirror not given, By default we will assume it in Vertical direction.

The Letter adjacent to the mirror after the mirror image will adjacent to it just with the left change to right and right change to left vice-versa.

The starting letter of the word will be at last after the mirror image drawn with left changes to right and right changes to left.

The pattern here is :

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "XIFGERU".

Important Points

The middle terms are the positional opposites of each other (the sum of their positional values is 27)

As we can see the given figure is embedded in Option 1. 

Hence, the correct answer is Option 1.

The logic Follows here is:

We can see that The Circle is rotating clockwise and the shaded part is changing as a mirror image of it

The lines are rotating clockwise and in each rotation number of lines is increasing by +1.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The pattern in the given series is 

Hence, the correct answer is "HMY".

The pattern follows here is: 

125, 27, 135

5³ = 125

5 × 27 = 135

8, 55, 110

2³ = 8

2 × 55 = 110

64, 72, 288

4³ = 64

4 × 72 = 288

Hence, the correct answer is 110.

The pattern that follows here is :

As it is clear that ORVB doesn't follow the same pattern, it is the odd one in the given cluster.

Hence, the correct answer is "ORVB".

The least possible Venn diagram for the statements is as below:

Conclusions:

I. No pomegranate is a plum → True (It is true as "all pomegranate are tree" and "no tree is a plum" so no pomegranate is a plum)

II. No plum is a tree → True (It is true as "no tree is a plum" so plum cannot be a tree)

III. Some trees are pomegranate → True (It is true as "all pomegranates are trees" so some trees are definitely pomegranate)

Hence, the correct answer is "All the conclusions follow".

The minute hand at 12:00 a.m. and at 3:00 a.m. is in the same direction. So, the minute hand at 3 a.m. also points towards the south direction.

Hence, the correct answer is the South.

Total Person = 73, 

Whereas 7 friends neither go to Gym class nor to Karate class = 73 - 7 = 66.

Friends who go to Gym = 36,

Friends who go to only Karate class = Total friends(except 7) - Total friends go to Gym

= 66 - 22 - 14

= 30.

Hence, the correct answer is "30".

The pattern follows here is:

Each term is decreased as a difference between them in a multiple of 3.

62 = First Term - 3

62 = 65 - 3

62 = 62

Now,

56 = Second Term - 6

56 = 62 - 6

56 = 56

Now,

47 = Third Term - 9

47 = 56 - 9

47 = 47

Now,

35 = Fourth Term - 12

35 = 47 - 12

35 = 35

Similarly,

x = Fifth Term - 15

x = 35 - 15

x = 20.

Hence, the correct answer is "20".

Venn diagram for the given condition is as follows :

Conclusion (I) : All farmers are magician → True ("All farmers are doctor" and "All doctors are magicians" are given implying all farmers are magician. Hence, it is true).

Conclusion (II) : No farmer is a magician → False ("All farmers are doctor" and "All doctors are magicians" are given. So, that part of doctors who are farmers is definitely Magician. Hence, it is false).

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion (I) follows".

After replacing the signs from left to right and using the BODMAS rule,

Option 1→ ×, -, ÷, +, =

15 × 5 - 24 ÷ 140 + 7 = 71 

15 × 5 - 0.171 + 7 = 71

 75 - 0.171 + 7 = 71

82 - 0.171 = 71

81.829 ≠ 71

Option 2→ ×, -, +, ÷, =

15 × 5 - 24 + 140 ÷ 7 = 71 

15 × 5 - 24 + 20 = 71

75 - 24 + 20 = 71

95 - 24 = 71

71 = 71 

Option 3→ ×, ÷, +, -, =

15 × 5  ÷ 24 + 140 - 7 = 71

15 × 0.208 + 140 - 7 

3.12 + 140 - 7 = 71

143.12 - 7 = 71

136.12  ≠ 71

Option 4→ ÷, +, -, ×, =

15 ÷ 5 + 24 - 140 × 7 = 71

3 + 24 - 140 × 7 = 71

3 + 24 - 980 = 71

27 - 980 = 71

-953  ≠ 71

Hence, Option 2 is the correct answer.

Given equation,

50 D (2 B 5) A 3 B (15 A 12) C 2 B (18 C 15) = ?

Decoding the given information,

50 ÷ (2 × 5) + 3 × (15 + 12) - 2 × (18 - 15) = ?

Using BODMAS rule,

50 ÷ 10 + 3 × 27 - 2 × 3

= 5 + 3 × 27 - 2 × 3 

= 5 + 81 - 6

= 86 - 6

= 80

Hence, the correct answer is 80.

Logic :-  Square of number × 3 = The next number.

The pattern followed here is,

Given number - pair, 

(14)² × 3 = 588,

(I) (12)² × 3 = 432

(II) (20)² × 3 = 1200

(III) (11)² × 3 = 363

(IV) (18)² × 3 = 972

Hence, (18 : 972)  is the correct answer.

The mirror image of the given text when the mirror is placed in "PQ" is as follows :

Hence, the correct answer is "OPTION (3)".

In 2^nd and 3^rd Dice, 2 and 6 numbers are common.

then, 4 is the opposite face of 1.

Similarly,

In 1^st and 3^rd Dice, 4 and 6 numbers are common.

then, 3 is the opposite face of 2.

Hence, "4" is the correct answer.

Logic :- (1^st row of 1^st column × 2^nd row of 1^st column + 1^st row of 1^st column + 2^nd row of 1^st column) +1 = 3^rd row of 1^st column.

The pattern followed here is,        

(17 × 21 + 17 + 21) + 1 = 396

(18 × 22 + 18 + 22) + 1 = 437

Similarly,

(19 × ? + 19 + ?) + 1 = 520

19 × ? + 19 + ? + 1 = 520

19 × ? + ? + 20 = 520

? × (19 + 1) = 520 - 20

? × (20) = 500

? = 500 / 20

? = 25

Hence, "25" is the correct answer.

Logic:

The following point mentioned below must be observed very carefully, there is a catch in this:

Every vowel is added by +1.

Every consonant is added by +4.

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is JVJGO.

Here, 1 and 4 are NOT added alternately. While 1 is added to Vowel, 4 is added to the consonant.

The pattern followed here is:

The first two letters are opposite to each other.

The first letter plus 4 gives the third letter and the second letter plus 4 gives the fourth letter.

Option 1) GTKX

Option 2) MNRT

Option 3) BYFC

Option 4) SHWL

Hence, the correct answer is MNRT.

The logic followed here is :-

1^st row of 1^st column × 1^st row of 2^nd column ÷ 2 = 1^st row of 3^rd column, 

14 × 26 ÷ 2 = 182 

24 × 16 ÷ 2 = 192

Similarly,

? × 22 ÷ 2 = 187

? × 11 = 187

? = 187 / 11

? = 17

Hence, the correct answer is "17".

When the paper is unfolded it will appear like :-

Hence, answer is the figure given below

According to the given information,

Code for "I" is 9.

Code for "bought" is 3.

Code for "them" is 6.

So, "I bought them" is written as '936'.

Hence, the correct answer is 936.

The pattern followed is

Hence, the correct answer is OEM.

The relation between the given classes is:

Infants can be female and male.

Fathers are always male.

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between Infants, Fathers and Males is

Hence, the correct answer is Option 3.

The logic follows here is:

Note: Multiple of 400 years i.e. 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 have 0 odd days.

Calculating leap year: For Finding the number of leap year (1-99) years, divide the number of years by 4 and the quotient will be the number of leap years.

Code for weekdays:

Total odd days = 0 + 4 + 0 + 3 = 7 = 1 week and 0 odd days

0 is the code for "Sunday"

Hence, the correct answer is "Sunday".

Arranging them according to the given information,

Six fiends P, Q, R, S, T and U are sitting around a circular table,

1. P is the second to right of S. 2. S is sitting to the immediate left of R, 3. P is sitting between R & U,

4. Q is sitting to the immediate right of T.

So, 'R' is sitting between P and S.

Hence, the correct answer is "R".

The Correct Answer is PV Sindhu.

Key Points

• 19 August in 2016, PV Sindhu became the first Indian shuttler to win an Olympics silver medal.
• She lost to Carolina Marin in the final.

Additional Information

• India has won 28 medals at the Olympic Games since the 1900 edition.
• In 2008 Vijender Singh became the first Indian boxer in history to win an Olympic medal.
• In 2012 Saina Nehwal became the first Indian badminton player to win an Olympic medal.

The Correct Answer is 750.

Key Points

• Watt is a small unit of power.
• Another unit of power is called ‘horse power’ (h.p.) which is equal to 746 watts.
• 1 horse power = 746 watts
• 1 h.p. = 746 W
• This means that 1 horsepower is equal to about 0.75 kilowatts (0.75 kW)

Additional Information

• Sometimes bigger units of power called kilowatt (kW) and megawatt (MW) are also used.
• 1 kilowatt = 1000 watts or 1 kW = 1000 W
• 1 megawatt = 1000,000 watts.

The correct answer is the Directive Principles of State Policy.

Key Points

• Part IV of the Indian Constitution deals with Directive Principles of our State Policy (DPSP).
• The provisions contained in DPSP cannot be enforced by any court.
• However, it shall be the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws.
• The concept of Directive Principles of State Policy was borrowed from the Irish Constitution.
• While most of the Fundamental Rights are negative obligations on the state, DPSPs are positive obligations on the state, though not enforceable in a court of law.

Important Points

• **Part II (Articles 5 to 11)**of the Indian Constitution deals with citizenship.
• The President of India is termed the first Citizen of India.
• Part III (Articles 12-35) of the Indian Constitution talks about Fundamental Rights.
• There are six categories of Fundamental Rights (FR).
• Seven fundamental rights were originally provided by the Constitution
• Right to equality
• Right to freedom
• Right against exploitation
• Right to freedom of religion
• Cultural and educational rights
• Right to property (Repealed)
• Right to constitutional remedies
• Article 324 of the Constitution provides that the power of superintendence, direction, and control of elections to parliament, state legislatures, the office of president of India, and the office of vice-president of India shall be vested in the election commission.

The Correct Answer is Telangana.

Key Points

• Bathukamma is a festival of Telangana and celebrated by women, with flowers that grow exclusively in each region.
• The festival begins a week before the grand ‘Saddula Bathukamma’ (the grand finale of the Bathukamma festival) which falls two days before Dussehra.
• Bathukamma celebrates the inherent relationship between earth, water, and human beings.
• Bonalu is an annual festival celebrated in the twin cities Hyderabad and Secunderabad and other parts of Telangana state.
• Bonalu is celebrated usually during Ashada Masam that falls in July/August.
• Goddess Mahakali is worshipped in Bonalu festival.

The correct answer is Heritage Foundation.

Key Points

• The Index of Economic Freedom is an annual index and ranking which measure the degree of economic freedom in the world's nations.
• Heritage Foundation releases Index of Economic Freedom.
• Heritage Foundation -  a conservative public policy research organization of The United States with its headquarter in Washington D.C. was founded in 1973 by Edwin Feulner and Paul Weyrich.
• India's rank is 120 for 2020 Index of Economic Freedom.

Important Points

• Economic freedom is the fundamental right of every human to control his or her own labor and property. In an economically free society, individuals are free to work, produce, consume, and invest in any way they please.
• In economically free societies, governments allow labor, capital, and goods to move freely, and refrain from coercion or constraint of liberty beyond the extent necessary to protect and maintain liberty itself.

Additional Information

• International Monetary Fund is an international financial institution founded in July 1944, its headquarter is in Washington D.C, U.S.​​
• It is part of the United Nations system but independent in its function.
• It promotes international financial stability and monetary cooperation.
• It also facilitates international trade, promotes employment and sustainable economic growth, and helps to reduce global poverty.
• The IMF is governed by and accountable to its 190 member countries.
• World Bank is an international financial institution founded in 1944, its headquarter is​ in Washington D.C, U.S.​​
• It is part of the United Nations system but independent in its function.
• ​It helps developing countries by offering loans and tailored knowledge and advice.
• ​It works with country governments, the private sector, civil society organizations, regional development banks, think tanks, and other international institutions on issues ranging from climate change, conflict, and food security to education, agriculture, finance, and trade.
• It has 189 member countries.
• Fraser Institute is public policy think tank and registered charity founded in 1974, its headquartered is in Vancouver, Canada.
• It's work is to improve the quality of life for Canadians, their families, and future generations by studying, measuring, and broadly communicating the effects of government policies, entrepreneurship, and choice on their well-being.
• Fraser Institute has rank 14 in the top think tanks worldwide and rank1 in the top think tanks in Mexico and Canada according to the January 2020 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report.

The Correct Answer is Weightlifting.

Key Points

• Sathish Sivalingam is a weightlifter from Tamilnadu.
• He won gold medals in the men's 77 kg weight category at both the 2014 and the 2018 Commonwealth Games.
• Sathish also had qualified for the 2016 Rio Olympics in the Men's 77 kg category, where he finished 11^th in the field of 14 lifters.

Additional Information

Other Indian Weight Lifters

• Vikas Thakur
• Gurdeep Singh
• Katulu Ravi Kumar
• Ragala Venkat Rahul
• Deepak Lather

The Correct Answer is Uttar Pradesh.

Key Points

• Kalinjar is a fortress-city in the Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh.
• Kalinjar is located in Banda District of Uttar Pradesh state.
• It is located near the temple-city and World Heritage Site of Khajuraho.
• This fort is built by the Chandelas.
• The Neelkanth Temple is located near Kalinjar was built by Chandela ruler Paramaditya Dev.

Additional Information

• Forts of Rajasthan in the list of World Heritage Site of UNESCO.
• Amber (Jaipur)
• Kumbhalgarh
• Chittorgarh
• Jaisalmer
• Ranthambhore (Sawai Madhopur)
• Gagaron (Jhalawar)
• The Sheesh Mahal or the 'Palace of Mirrors' in Patiala (Punjab) was built by Maharaja Narinder Singh (1845-1862) behind the main Moti Bagh Palace is located in Punjab.

The correct answer is 1 July 2017.

Key Points

• The 101^st Amendment Act of 2016 paved the way for the introduction of goods and services tax - GST in the country.
• The GST was implemented with effect from 1 July 2017.
• The Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a value-added tax levied on most goods and services sold for domestic consumption.
• The GST is paid by consumers, but it is remitted to the government by the businesses selling the goods and services.

Additional Information

GST Council

• Article 279-A in the Constitution empowered the President to constitute a GST Council by an order.
• Accordingly, the President issued the order in 2016 and constituted the Council.
• The council is devised in such a way that the center will have 1/3^rd voting power and the states have 2/3^rd.
• The decisions are taken by the 3/4^th majority.

The correct answer is Lord Ripon.

Key Points

• The Hunter Commission of 1882 was presided by Sir William Hunter.
• This Commission was appointed for the enquiry of education in India which was earlier given by Wood’s Despatch in 1854.
• Recommendations of the Hunter Commission:
• Preference was given to literate candidates for government jobs in the lower levels, along with the expansion of primary schools in backward districts.
• District and municipal boards were entrusted with the management of primary education under the Local Self Government Act. The funds were separated for rural and urban areas to avoid funds earmarked for rural schools being misappropriated by urban schools.
• Secondary schools were to be established by private parties with funds provided by the government. Model schools fully run by the government were to be opened in each district to guide such private schools.
• The secondary school curriculum was also revised with academic and vocational courses diversified into different branches.
• Missionary schools were discouraged, and Indian participation in the private school system was solicited by the raj. Special care was supposed to be taken in advancing the education of girls and women.

Additional Information

Important Events Under these Viceroys.

Confusion Points

Hunter Commission 1919

• The government formed a committee of inquiry to investigate the Jallianwala Bagh shootings. On October 14, 1919, the Government of India announced the formation of the Disorders Inquiry Committee. The committee was commonly known as Hunter Commission after the name of chairman, Lord William Hunter.
• Avoid the confusion between the two Hunter commissions

The correct answer is blood.

Key Points

• Leukaemia is a cancer of blood-forming tissues that hinders the body's ability to fight infection.
• For slow-growing leukaemias, treatment may include monitoring.
• For aggressive leukaemias, treatment includes chemotherapy that's sometimes followed by radiation and a stem-cell transplant.

Additional Information

• There are two primary types of uterine cancer:
• Endometrial cancer, which is more common, and uterine sarcoma, which is rare.
• In endometrial cancer, cancer cells form in the endometrium, which is the lining of the uterus.
• Causes of lung cancer include smoking, second-hand smoke, exposure to certain toxins and family history.
• There are three major types of skin cancer - basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma.

The correct answer is Gujarat.

Key Points

• The major groundnut growing states are Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan.
• Gujarat is the largest producing state accounting for 40% of the total groundnut produced in the country.
• According to the All India crop coverage report 2018, groundnut has been sown in about 40.13 lakh hectares.
• In Gujarat, it has been sown in 14.67 lakh hectares followed by Andhra Pradesh (6.61 lakh ha) and Rajasthan (6.07 lakh ha).

Additional Information

• Groundnut in India occupies first in terms of area and second position in terms of production.
• China is the largest producer as well as consumer of groundnut in the world with 166.24 lakh tonnes followed by India (68.57 lakh tonnes), Nigeria (30.28 lakh tonnes), and the United States (25.78 lakh tonnes).

The correct answer is Jamshedpur.

Key Points

• Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) was founded by Jamsetji Tata and established by Dorabji Tata on 26 August 1907.
• TISCO is located in Jamshedpur, Jharkhand.
• TISCO started pig iron production in 1911 and began producing steel in 1912 as a branch of Jamsetji's Tata Group.

Important Points

• The Bhilai Steel Plant was established in 1955 with the help of the USSR.
• Durgapur Steel Plant is one of the integrated steel plants of Steel Authority of India Limited, located in Durgapur, West Bengal.
• It was set up with the help of the United Kingdom.
• Rourkela Steel Plant (RSP), the first integrated steel plant in the public sector in India, was set up with German collaboration with an installed capacity of 1 million tonnes.

The correct answer is 1985.

Key Points

• The first summit of SAARC was held in Dhaka, Bangladesh on 7–8 December 1985.
• It was attended by Bangladesh, Maldives, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bhutan Nepal, and India.

Important Points

• The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) was established with the signing of the SAARC Charter in Dhaka on 8 December 1985.
• The SAARC Secretariat was established in Kathmandu on 16 January 1987.
• SAARC comprises of eight-member States:
• Afghanistan
• Bangladesh
• Bhutan
• India
• Maldives
• Nepal
• Pakistan
• Sri Lanka

Additional Information

• You can remember the names of SAARC Countries using the mnemonic.
• "MBBS PAIN" for Maldives, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Nepal.

The correct answer is Calcutta.

Key Points

• The National Anthem of India, ‘Jana Gana Mana’ was first sung on 27 December 1911 at the Kolkata Session of the Indian National Congress.

Important Points

• The National Anthem of India Jana-Gana-mana, composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore.
• It was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on 24 January 1950.

Additional Information

Lahore session

• The Lahore session was held in the year 1929.
• President: Jawahar Lal Nehru
• It passed the resolution on ‘Poorna Swaraj.’
• Civil Disobedience movement for complete independence to be launched.
• It was also decided that 26 January to be observed as ‘Independence Day’.

Belgaum Session (1924)

• Belgaum Session was the only Session presided over by Mahatma Gandhi.

Tripuri Session (1939)

• Subhash Chandra Bose was re-elected the President of INC at the Tripuri Session in 1939 by defeating the Gandhi Ji's Candidate Pattabhai Sitaramaiyya.
• He resigned in April 1939, and announced, in May 1939, the formation of the Forward Bloc within the Congress.

The Correct Answer is Aorta.

Key Points

• The aorta is the main artery that carries blood away from the heart to the rest of your body.
• After the blood leaves the heart through the aortic valve, it travels through the aorta, making a cane-shaped curve that connects with other major arteries to deliver oxygen-rich blood to the brain, muscles, and other cells.

Important Points

Cerebrum

• The cerebrum is the uppermost part of the brain.
• The cerebrum itself contains the major lobes of the brain and is responsible for receiving and giving meaning to information from the sense organs, as well as controlling the body.

Cerebellum

• The cerebellum is a major structure of the hindbrain that is located near the brainstem.
• This part of the brain is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements.
• It is also responsible for a number of functions including motor skills such as balance, coordination, and posture.

Medulla

• The medulla oblongata makes up the lower part of the brainstem.
• It is anterior and partially inferior to the cerebellum.
• It is a cone-shaped neuronal mass responsible for autonomic (involuntary) functions, ranging from vomiting to sneezing.

The correct answer is Somdeva.    

Key Points

• The Kathasaritsagara is also known as Ocean of the Streams of Stories is a famous 11^th-century collection of Indian legends, fairy tales and folk tales as retold in Sanskrit by Somadeva.
• While the Kathasaritsagara itself is a compilation of many stories and legends, there is a great emphasis on the story of Udayana and his son.

Important Points

• Somadeva was an 11^th century CE writer from Kashmir.
• He was believed to be the court poet to King Ananta of Kashmir.

Additional Information

• Kalidasa one of the “nine gems” at the court of the king Vikramaditya of Ujjain.
• Few works of Kalidasa are
• Abhjnanashakuntala (“The Recognition of Shakuntala”)
• Vikramorvashi (“Urvashi Won by Valour”),
• Malavikagnimitra (“Malavika and Agnimitra”)
• The epic poems Raghuvamsha (“Dynasty of Raghu”) and Kumarasambhava (“Birth of the War God”); and the lyric “Meghaduta” (“Cloud Messenger”).
• Bhasa is one of the earliest known Sanskrit dramatists of ancient India.
• Jayadeva has written the Sanskrit poem Gita Govinda (“Song of the Cowherd [Krishna]”).

The correct answer is 29.5.

Key Points

• The new moon is the first lunar phase, when the Moon and Sun have the same ecliptic longitude.
• The approximate period between two consecutive new moons is 29.5 days.
• The full moon is the lunar phase when the Moon appears fully illuminated from Earth.
• The lunar phase between new moon to full moon is know as waxing phase.
• The lunar phase between full moon to new moon is know as waning phase.

The Correct Answer is 2.

Key Points

• Calcium bicarbonate also called calcium hydrogen carbonate.
• It has a chemical formula Ca(HCO₃)₂.
• From the above formula, we can say calcium bicarbonate has 2 hydrogen atoms.

Additional Information

• It is an ionic compound of calcium, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen.
• Though it is not a naturally occurring solid, it forms in the water of rivers, lakes, and streams when carbonate, bicarbonate, and calcium ions are dissolved with carbon dioxide.

The correct answer is 24.

Key Points

• Article 24 prohibits child labour.
• It mandates that No child below the age of 14 years shall be employed to work in any factory or mine or engaged in any other hazardous employment.

Important Points

• Article 31 states that no person shall be deprived of his/her property, except by authority of law.
• It is also mentioned that compensation would be paid to a person whose property has been taken for public purposes.
• Article 31 with the subheading “Right to Property” has been omitted by the Constitution Forty-Fourth Amendment Act 1978.
• Article 31(1) has been shifted to article 300A as a new insertion in Chapter IV in part XII of the constitution.
• Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolishes the practice of untouchability in any form.
• According to the provision of Article 17, “enforcement of any disability arising out of untouchability” is a punishable offence in accordance with the law.
• Article 21 guarantees the protection of life and personal liberty to every individual.
• It states that "No person shall be deprived of his life and personal liberty except according to the procedure established by law.

The correct answer is Tigers.

Key Points

• LTTE stand for Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
• It is a militant organization that sought to establish an independent Tamil state, Eelam, in northern and eastern Sri Lanka.
• The LTTE was established in 1976 by Velupillai Prabhakaran.
• The number of civil-war-related deaths in Sri Lanka since the early 1980s was estimated at between 70,000 and 80,000, with many tens of thousands more displaced by the fighting.

The correct answer is Geneva.

Key Points

• World Trade Organization(WTO) is an intergovernmental organization that is concerned with the regulation of international trade between nations founded in 1995.
• Its headquarter is in Geneva, Switzerland.
• It has 164 member countries.
• It assists its members on a daily basis to ensure, among other things, that negotiations progress smoothly, and that the rules of international trade are correctly applied and enforced.

Its main function is trade negotiations, implementation and monitoring trade policies, dispute settlement between member countries, and building trade capacity for its member countries.

Additional Information

• Paris is the capital and most populous city of France.
• United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has its headquarter in Paris.
• Dubai is the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates and the capital of the UAE is Abu Dhabi.

The correct answer is Section 7.

Key Points

• According to Section 7 of the RBI Act, the central government may from time to time give such directions to the RBI as it may, after consultation with the Governor of the Bank, consider necessary in the public interest.
• This implies that the government can invoke the Section 7 to get the central bank to take decisions on matters where it would otherwise be reluctant.

Important Points

• Reserve Bank of India Act 1934 is the legislative act under which the Reserve Bank of India was formed.
• This act along with the Companies Act, which was amended in 1936, was meant to provide a framework for the supervision of banking firms in India.
• There is a total of 61 sections in the Reserve Bank of India Act 1934.

Additional Information

• Section 5 of the RBI defines banking process, banking company and banking policy .
• Section 3 in The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 states that "A bank to be called the Reserve Bank of India shall be constituted for the purposes of taking over the management of the currency from the Central Government and of carrying on the business of banking in accordance with the provisions of this Act."
• Section 1 of the RBI act mentions the Short title, extent, and commencement of RBI.

The correct answer is Bryophytes.

Key Points

• Bryophytes are called amphibians of the plant kingdom.
• Even though these plants live in soil, and they require water for sexual reproduction.
• The bryophyte sperm, which is antherozoids is flagellate and requires water to swim into the eggs.
• The plant body is commonly differentiated to form the stem and leaf-like structures.
• However, there is no specialized tissue for the conduction of water and other substances from one part of the plant body to another.

Important Points

Pteridophytes

• Pteridophytes are commonly known as Ferns.
• The plant's body is differentiated into roots, stems, and leaves and has specialized tissue for the conduction of water and other substances from one part of the plant body to another.
• Some examples are marsilea, ferns, and horse-tails.

Gymnosperms

• The plants of this group bear naked seeds [ovules are not enclosed by any ovary wall] and are usually perennial, evergreen and woody.
• The seeds that develop post-fertilization are naked too.
• Examples are pines, such as deodar.

Liverworts 

• Liverworts are a group of non-vascular plants similar to mosses.
• They do not produce seeds, flowers, fruit or wood, and even lack vascular tissue.
• Instead of seeds, liverworts produce spores for reproduction.

The Correct Answer is Nagapattinam.

Key Points

• Velankanni has one of the country's biggest Catholic pilgrimage centres located in Nagapattinam, Tamilnadu.
• The Basilica of Our Lady of Good Health is popularly known as the "Lourdes of the East".
• Its origins can be traced back to the 16^th century.
• The church's founding is attributed to three miracles: the apparition of Mary and Jesus to a slumbering shepherd boy, the curing of a lame buttermilk vendor, and the survival of Portuguese sailors assaulted by a violent sea storm.
• It is built in the Gothic style, was modified by Portuguese and then further expanded later on due to the influx of pilgrims.
• The church building was raised to the status of basilica in 1962 by Pope John XXIII.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• The Silent Valley Movement was started in 1973 by an NGO led by school teachers and the Kerala Sastra Sahithya Parishad(KSSP) to save Silent Valley from being flooded by a hydroelectric project.
• In 1970 the Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB) proposes a hydroelectric dam across the Kunthipuzha River that runs through Silent Valley, that will submerge 8.3 sq km of untouched moist evergreen forest.
• Silent Valley is an evergreen tropical forest in the Palakkad district of Kerala, India.
• The valley was declared as Silent Valley National Park in 1985.

Additional Information

• In 1973 Chipko movement, was started in the Himalayan regions of U.P. (now in Uttarakhand).
• The aim of this movement was forest conservation and increase social awareness and the need to save trees, increase ecological awareness, and demonstrate the viability of people power.
• Sunderlal Bahuguna and Gaura Devi are the key people of this movement.
• Sunderlal Bahuguna gave the slogan "Ecology is the permanent economy".

The correct answer is Urjit Patel.

Key Points

• Urjit Patel was the 24^th Governor of the Reserve Bank of India from 4 September 2016 to10 December 2018.
• He had also served as Deputy Governor of RBI from 11 January 2013 to 4 September 2016.
• Presently he is the Chairman of National Institute of Public Finance and Policy (NIPFP) is an autonomous research institute under Ministry of Finance, Government of India.
• Urjit Patel was the Chairman of Expert Committee to Revise and Strengthen the Monetary Policy Framework, appointed by RBI on September 12, 2013.
• Expert Committee to Revise and Strengthen the Monetary Policy Framework:
• Objective of the Committee is to recommend what needs to be done to revise and strengthen the current monetary policy framework with a view to, inter alia, making it transparent and predictable.
• Suggestion: The Committee suggested a five-member Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) - three members from the RBI and two nominated by the Government.
• Presently the committee comprises six members - three officials of the RBI and three external members nominated by the Government of India.
• The Governor of RBI is the ex officio chairperson of the committee.
• They need to observe a "silent period" seven days before and after the rate decision for "utmost confidentiality". Decisions are taken by majority with the Governor having the casting vote in case of a tie.
• The current mandate of the committee is to maintain 4% annual inflation until 31 March 2021 with an upper tolerance of 6% and a lower tolerance of 2%.

Additional Information

• C Rangarajan was the 19^th Governor of the Reserve Bank of India.
• He had also served as Chairman of the Prime Minister's Economic Advisory Council, from August 2009 to May 2014.
• He was the Chairman of the Twelfth Finance Commission of India.
• Y V Reddy was the 21^st Governor of the Reserve Bank of India.
• He was the chairman of the Fourteenth Finance Commission of India.
• Bimal Jalan was the 20^th Governor of the Reserve Bank of India.
• He has also been the Chairman of the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister between January 1991 to September 1992.

The correct answer is The particles of the solute settle down at the bottom when the solution is kept undisturbed.

Key Points

• A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in which the particle size is smaller than 1 nm.

Important Points

• Properties of a Solution
• A solution is a homogeneous mixture.
• The size of solute particles in a solution too small having diameter less than 1 nanometer.
• A solution cannot be separated by filtration.
• The particles of the solute cannot be seen with unaided eyes
• The solute particles do not settle down when left undisturbed, that is, a solution is stable.
• A true solution does not scatter light because its particles are tiny enough to do so.
• Common examples of solutions are the Salt solution, Sugar solution, Vinegar, etc.

The Correct Answer is An air column in a closed organ pipe.

Key Points

• In a closed pipe, only odd harmonics are produced.
• The frequencies of harmonics are in the ratio of 1: 3: 5.....

Important Points

• Each natural frequency that an object or instrument produces has its own characteristic vibrational mode or standing wave pattern.
• A harmonic is an integer (whole number) multiple of the fundamental frequency.
• The harmonics generated depend on the note or chord being played, and each frequency will produce different harmonics.
• The harmonics heard are based on the fundamental frequency being played and produce a lower amplitude (or volume) as they increase from 1^st to 8^th harmonic.

Additional Information

• When a string is fixed at both ends, two waves travelling in opposite directions simply bounce back and forth between the ends.
• This will produce even harmonics.
• When air is blown into the open organ pipe, the air column vibrates in the fundamental mode.
• Antinodes are formed at the ends and a node is formed in the middle of the pipe.
• The frequencies of harmonics are in the ratio of 1: 2 : 3...

The correct answer is 0.

Key Points

• Venus (and the planet Mercury) are the only two planets that don't have a single natural moon orbiting them.

Important Points

• Venus is only a little smaller than the Earth.
• Venus is the second closest planet to the sun at a distance of about 108 million km (67 million miles) or 0.72 AU.
• One day on Venus lasts as long as 243 Earth days (the time it takes for Venus to rotate or spin once).

Additional Information

• Moons are also known as natural satellites that orbit planets and asteroids in our solar system.

The Correct Answer is 12:00.

Key Points

• From sunrise to sunset, the sun traces an arc across the sky and reaches its highest point in the sky at local noon.
• As the sun moves through the sky, the shadow cast by an object is constantly changing in length.
• The shortest shadow occurs when the sun reaches its highest point, at local noon.

Additional Information

• Shadows are longest in the early morning and late afternoon/early evening when the sun appears low in the sky.
• As the Earth rotates on its axis, the sun hits each location in the morning at an angle.
• This makes the shadow appear long.

The correct answer is Agra.

Key Points

• The tomb of Itimad-ud-Daulah is located along the banks of the Yamuna at Agra.
• It was built by the Mughal queen Noor Jahan, wife of Emperor Jehangir.
• The tomb of Itimad-ud-Daulah is often regarded as a draft of the Taj Mahal.
• It is known for the first use of the pietra dura (floral design made up of semiprecious stone).
• Tomb of Jahangir in Lahore is supposed to be the result of Noor Jahan vision.

Important Points

• Agra is known for Taj Mahal (Tomb of Mumtaz Mahal, built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan for the memory of his favourite wife).
• The Taj Mahal is in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1983.
• Ustad Ahmad Lahauri was the chief architect of Taj mahal.
• Agra Fort is a historical fort in the city of Agra in India. It was the main residence of the emperors of the Mughal Dynasty until1638.
• Moti Masjid inside Agra Fort was built by Mughal emperor Shah jahan.
• Moti Masjid inside Red Fort, Delhi was built by Aurangzeb.
• The tomb of Akbar is at Sikandra, approximately 8 km from the main city of Agra.
• Fatehpur Sikri is a town in the Agra District, known for Buland Darwaza, and Tomb of Salim Chishti, the city itself was founded as the capital of Mughal Empire in 1571 by Emperor Akbar to 1585.

The Correct Answer is Puri.

Key Points

• Govardhan Math is located in Puri in Odisha.
• It was established by philosopher-saint Adi Shankara to preserve and propagate Sanatana Dharma and Advaita Vedanta.

Additional Information

• The other Peeths are 
• The Sringeri Sarada Pitham (Karnataka) in the South.
• Dwarka Sarada Pitham (Gujarat) in the West.
• Badari Jyotirmaṭha Pitham (Uttarakhand) in the North.

The correct Answer is Reduced inequalities.  

Key Points

• Sustainable Development Goal 10 aims at reducing inequality within and among countries.
• This SDG calls for reducing inequalities in income as well as those based on age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion, or economic status within a country.
• To bring about sustainable development, the United Nations (UN) launched the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and SDGs.
• There are 17 goals and 169 specific targets to be achieved by 2030.
• SDGs are not legally binding.

Additional InformationSDG Goals are: 

• SDG 1: No Poverty
• SDG 2: Zero Hunger
• SDG 3: Good Health & Well-being
• SDG 4: Quality Education
• SDG 5: Gender Equality
• SDG 6: Clean Water & Sanitation
• SDG 7: Affordable & Clean Energy
• SDG 8: Decent Work & Economic Growth
• SDG 9: Industry, Innovation & Infrastructure
• SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities
• SDG 11: Sustainable Cities & Communities
• SDG 12: Responsible Consumption & Production
• SDG 13: Climate Action
• SDG 14: Life Below Water
• SDG 15: Life on Land
• SDG 16: Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions
• SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals

The correct answer is Malala Yousafzai.

Key Points

• We have Displaced: My Journey and Stories from Refugee Girls Around the World is a 2019 book by Malala Yousafzai.
• The book follows Yousafzai's own experience being displaced in Pakistan and later forced to move to England, and tells stories from nine other displaced people around the world.

Important Points

• Malala Yousafzai
• Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani activist for female education and the youngest Nobel Prize laureate.
• She is known for human rights advocacy, especially the education of women and children in her native Swat Valley in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, northwest Pakistan.
• Amrita Pritam
• Amrita Pritam was an Indian novelist, essayist, and poet, who wrote in Punjabi and Hindi.
• In 1956, she became the first woman to win the Sahitya Akademi Award for her magnum opus, a long poem, Sunehade (Messages).
• Arnab Goswami
• Arnab Goswami is an Indian news anchor and managing director and editor-in-chief of Republic Media Network.

The correct answer is Kailash Satyarthi.

Key Points

• Global March Against Child Labour is founded by Kailash Satyarthi in 1998.
• The Global March Against Child Labour (Global March) is a worldwide network of trade unions, teachers’ and civil society organisation.
• It works towards the shared development goals of eliminating and preventing all forms of child labour, slavery and trafficking and ensuring access by all children to free, meaningful and good quality public education.

Additional Information

• In 2014, Kailash Satyarthi was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with Malala Yousafzai for their contribution towards child education.
• Baba Amte was an Indian social worker and social activist known particularly for his work for the rehabilitation and empowerment of people suffering from leprosy.
• Kiran Bedi was the first female IPS officer and started her service in 1972.
• She is the incumbent Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry (2020).
• Anna Hazare is a social activist who led movements to promote rural development, increase government transparency, and investigate and punish corruption in public life.

The Correct Answer is brown algae.

Key Points

• Algae can be classified on the basis of pigments present in them.
• Chlorophyceae – green algae
• Phaeophyceae – brown algae
• Rhodophyceae – red algae

Important Points

• Brown algae is a  class of about 1,500 species of algae in the division Chromophyta, common in cold waters along continental coasts.
• Brown algae are an important source of algin, a colloidal gel used as a stabilizer in the baking and ice-cream industries.

Additional Information

• Red algae are red because of the presence of the pigment phycoerythrin; this pigment reflects red light and absorbs blue light.
• They are found in water bodies.
• Green algae have chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll a and b, giving them a bright green colour.
• The cell walls of green algae usually contain cellulose, and they store carbohydrates in the form of starch.

The correct answer is the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Govt. of India.

Key Points

• Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award is awarded annually by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.
• The recipient(s) is/are selected by a committee constituted by the Ministry and are honored for their "spectacular and most outstanding performance in the field of sports over a period of four years" at the international level.

Important Points

Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award:

• This award was instituted in 1991-92.
• Chess Grandmaster Viswanathan Anand was the first recipient of this award.
• The winner of the Khel Ratna Award gets a reward of 25 lac rupees.
• This award is given annually to those sportspersons who make the country proud at international events.

Additional Information 

• The National Sports Day is celebrated on August 29, the birth anniversary of hockey wizard Dhyan Chand.

The correct answer is cultivation of grapes.

Key Points

• Viticulture refers to the branch of science, which involves the study and cultivation of grapes.
• When the grapes are used for winemaking, it is also known as viniculture.

Additional Information

• The rearing of silkworms to produce raw silk is called sericulture.
• Olericulture is the science of vegetable growing, dealing with the culture of non-woody plants for food.
• The breeding, rearing, and transplantation of fish by artificial means is called pisciculture.

The correct answer is Gurcharan Das.

Key Points

• Gurcharan Das won the Sultan Padamsee Playwriting Award for his first play ‘Larins Sahib’.
• Larins Sahib is a historical play set in the confused period after the death of Ranjit Singh when the British first arrived in Punjab.
• This play traces the development of hubris, which brings about the hero's downfall.

Important Points

• Sultan Padamsee Playwriting Award was initiated in 1966 by Theatre Group Bombay.
• It was named after its founder, the Sultan Padamsee.
• Playwriting Awards have been among the most prestigious for English language dramatists in India.

Additional Information

• Ramchandra Guha is a renowned Indian writer whose research interests include environmental, social, economics, political, contemporary and cricket history.
• Some of his notable works are India after Gandhi, Gandhi Before India, Makers of Modern India, Gandhi Before India, Patriots and Partisans, Verdicts on Nehru:-The Rise and Fall of A Reputation, etc.
• He is the recipient of Padma Bhushan in 2009.
• He has won 2011 Sahitya Akademi Award for his book India after Gandhi.
• Amitav Ghosh is a renowned is an Indian writer. 
• Some of his notable works are The Shadow Lines, The Circle of Reason, The Calcutta Chromosome, Sea of Poppies, River of Smoke, The Imam and the Indian, Dancing in Cambodia and at Large in Burma, The Great Derangement: Climate Change and the Unthinkable etc.
• He is the recipient of  Padma Shri in 2007.
• He has won Sahitya Akademi Award (1988) and Ananda Puraskar for his novel The Shadow Lines.
• He has won 54^th Jnanpith Award for his outstanding contribution towards literature.
• Shashi Tharoor is a politician, writer and former international diplomat and has been serving as Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha from Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, since 2009.
• Some of his famous books are An Era of Darkness:-The British Empire in India, India:-From Midnight to the Millennium, Nehru: The Invention of India, Pax Indica:-India and the World of the 21^st Century, The Paradoxical Prime Minister, The Battle of Belonging, etc.
• He has won 2019 Sahitya Akademi Award for his book, An Era of Darkness:-The British Empire in India.

Key Points

• The 2000 Summer Olympics was an international multi-sport event held from 15 September to 1 October 2000 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
• It was the second time the Summer Olympics were held in Australia, and in the Southern Hemisphere.
• The United States topped the medal table, followed by Russia and China.

Important Points 

 India in Olympics:

• India first participated in the Olympic Games in 1900.
• India participated with a lone athlete Norman Pritchard winning two medals, both silver, in athletics.
• He became the first Asian nation to win an Olympic medal.
• The nation first sent a team to the Summer Olympic Games in 1920.
• India has participated in every Summer Games since then.
• India has also competed at several Winter Olympic Games beginning in 1964

The correct answer is 1947; 1971.

Key Points

• Bangladesh (East-Pakistan) was part of Pakistan from 1947 to 1971.
• The Government of India decided on 3^rd December 1971, that India would go to war with Pakistan to save Bengali Muslims and Hindus.
• On 16^th December 1971, the chief of the Pakistani forces with 93,000 soldiers had surrendered unconditionally to the allied forces consisting of the Indian Army and Mukti Bahini in Dhaka.

Additional Information

• Vijay Diwas is observed on 16^th December every year in Bangladesh and India, to observe Bangladesh’s victory over Pakistan in War of 1971 for the liberation of Bangladesh from Pakistan and to show the respect to Freedom fighters, and Martyrs who take part to free the Bangladesh from atrocious rule of Pakistan.
• 26 March is celebrated as the Independence Day of Bangladesh.

The Correct Answer is Upinder Singh.

• The Infosys Prize in Social Sciences – History for the year 2009 was awarded to Professor Upinder Singh in recognition of her contributions as an outstanding historian of ancient and early medieval Indian history.

Important Points

• The Infosys Prize is an annual award given to scientists, researchers, engineers, and social scientists of Indian origin (not necessarily born in India) by the Infosys Science Foundation.
• Prachi Deshpande was awarded the Infosys Prize in Social Sciences for the year 2020.

Additional Information

• Amlan Datta was an economist and educationist from West Bengal, India.
• Hari Vasudevan was an Indian scholar notable for his work on the history of Russia and Europe, and India-Russia relations.

The correct answer is Tamil.

Key Points

• The Ramayana in Tamil known as Ramavataram was written by the Tamil poet Kamban during the 12^th century.

Important Points

• The Sri Ranganatha Ramayanam was adapted by Gona Budda Reddy and is the Telugu version of the Ramayana.
• Adhyathmaramayanam Kilippattu is the most popular Malayalam version of the Sanskrit epic Ramayana.
• It is believed to have been written by Thunchaththu Ramanujan Ezhuthachan in the early 17^th century.
• Kannada versions of the Ramayana – the Kumudendu Ramayana(a Jain version), written in the 13^th century and the Kumara-Valmiki Torave Ramayana, written in the 16^th century.

The Correct Answer is Sikkim.

Key Points

• The meridian 90° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole to the South Pole.
• It passes across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
• It passes through the State of Assam and Meghalaya in India.
• It also passes through Bhutan and Bangladesh.

Additional Information