SSC CHSL Previous Paper 6 (Held On: 18 March 2020 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'are through doing things'.

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the use of the plural form of the verb 'are' is incorrect.
• We know that a singular 'subject' will always take a singular 'verb'.
• The singular noun subject 'way' will take the singular verb 'ís'.
• Therefore, the singular verb 'is' should be used in place of the plural verb 'are'.

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Correct Sentence: The simplest way to get proper recognition is through doing things with dedication and sincerity.

Additional Information

• Subjects and verbs must agree with one another in number (singular or plural).
• Thus, if a subject is singular, its verb must also be singular; if a subject is plural, its verb must also be plural.

The correct answer is 'Talking about the important point and leaving out the detail'.

Key Points

• Given Idiom: Cut to the chase means to leave out all unnecessary details and deal with the major points.
• Example: In business meetings, Richardson likes to cut to the chase.
• From the given options, the second option is the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.
  

Hence, the correct answer is Talking about the important point and leaving out the detail.

Mistake Points

• We may think from the phrase "Cut to the chase" that it is all about something related to chasing anything, but the correct answer is option 2. So be careful while dealing with such questions.
  

Additional Information

• This phrase originated in the US film industry. Many silent films used to have a romantic storyline that climaxed in a chase sequence. The phrase was used in a literal sense in directing films around the 1920s. In the figurative or idiomatic was, it was used since the 1940s.

The correct answer is 'Lucid'.

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Key Points  

• The word 'Explicit' means so clearly expressed as to leave no doubt about the meaning.
• The synonyms of the word 'Explicit' are "lucid, clear, specified".
• From the synonym of the given word, we can say that the word 'Lucid' is the same in meaning.
• The word 'Lucid' means not subject to misinterpretation.
• Let's see the meaning of other given options:-

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Hence, the correct synonym for the given word is Lucid.

 

Additional Information

• The antonyms of the word 'Explicit' are "indefinite, unspecific, vague".
• Example of 'Explicit' in a sentence:
• He gave me explicit directions on how to get there.

The correct answer is 'Egotist'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the given options:
• 'Conventionalist' is one who adheres to a convention or treaty.
• 'Egotist' is a person who is excessively conceited or absorbed in themselves; self-seeker.
• 'Nationalist' is a person who strongly identifies with their own nation and vigorously supports its interests.
• 'Evangelist' is a person who seeks to convert others to the Christian faith.
  

Hence, the correct answer is Egotist.

The correct answer is 'because'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the given options:-
• The word 'until' means up to (the point in time or the event mentioned).
• The word 'nevertheless' means in spite of that; notwithstanding; all the same.
• The word 'because' means for the reason that; since.
• The word 'unless' means except if (used to introduce the case in which a statement being made is not true or valid).
  

Hence, the correct answer is Because.

The correct answer is 'within'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the given options:-
• The word 'within' means inside something.
• The word 'for' means to indicate the reason or because of.
• The word 'on' means physically in contact with and supported by a surface.
• The word 'around' means located or situated on every side.
  

Hence, the correct answer is Within.

The correct answer is 'powerful'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the given options:-
• The word 'stable' means not likely to give way or overturn; firmly fixed.
• The word 'powerful' means having great power or strength.
• The word 'effortless' means requiring no physical or mental exertion.
• The word 'affective' means relating to moods, feelings, and attitudes.
  

Hence, the correct answer is Powerful.

The correct answer is 'charge'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the given options:-
• The word 'frame' means to formulate (a concept, plan, or system).
• The word 'custody' means the protective care or guardianship of someone or something; imprisonment.
• The word 'structure' means the quality of being organized.
• The word 'charge' means the responsibility for the care or control of someone or something.
  

Hence, the correct answer is Charge.

The correct answer is 'regular'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the given options:-
• The word 'temporary' means lasting for only a limited period of time; not permanent.
• The word 'regular' means doing the same thing often or at uniform intervals.
• The word 'stimulant' means raising levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body.
• The word 'legal' means relating to the law.
  

Hence, the correct answer is Regular.

The correct answer is 'No improvement'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the given options:
• The phrase 'So far as' means to the extent that.
• The phrase 'So long so' is not the correct phrase.
• The phrase 'As long that' is not the correct phrase.
• The phrase 'As long as' means during the whole time that.
  

Hence, the correct answer is No Improvement.

The correct answer is 'Transparent'.

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Key Points 

• The word 'Cloudy' means (of a liquid) not transparent or clear.
• The antonyms of the word 'Cloudy' are "transparent, clear, purified".
• From the antonym of the given word, we can say that the word 'Transparent' is the opposite in meaning.
• The word 'Transparent' means very thin and easy to see through.
• Let's see the meaning of other given options-

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Hence, the correct answer is Transparent.

 

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the word 'Cloudy' are "non-transparent, emulsified, milky".
• Example of 'Cloudy​​' in a sentence:
• Tomorrow's weather will be cloudy with bright periods.

The correct answer is 'Mohan’s wallet might have been misplaced by Sheetal in their rush'.

• In Active Voice, a sentence emphasizes the subject, performing an action.
• In Passive Voice, a sentence emphasizes the action or the object of the sentence.
• The given sentence is in the active voice and 'Sheetal' is the subject and 'Mohan's wallet' is the object.
• When we convert this sentence into passive voice, the subject 'Sheetal' of the active voice becomes the object, the object 'Mohan's wallet' becomes the subject.
• The passive format "'have + been + V3 (misplaced)" should be used.
• This is the active and passive voice rule for the present perfect tense.

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Hence, the correct passive voice is Mohan’s wallet might have been misplaced by Sheetal in their rush.

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*Verbs of passive format have a different set of tenses (V3 - Past participle or Third form of the Verb) as given below in the table:

The correct answer is 'CDAB'.

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Key Points

• The sentence 'C' is independent of any other sentences as it is giving general information about the noun "John". Hence, 'C' is the first part.
• The word "job" mentioned in the sentence 'D' refers back to the phrase 'a big well dug' mentioned in the sentence 'C'. Hence, 'D' follows 'C'.
• The phrase "found none" mentioned in the sentence 'A' refers back to the noun "workers" mentioned in the sentence 'D'. Hence, 'A' follows 'D'.
• The sentence 'B' is the concluding sentence. Hence, 'B' is the last sentence.
  

Paragraph after rearranging the sentences: John wanted to have a big well dug. He searched around for workers who would do the job for him without pay. Though John found none, he was not ready to give in. He continued the search till noon.

Hint

• Important Rules to Solve the Para Jumbles:
• Read the sentences attentively and try to comprehend the idea or theme of the sentence and eliminate the irrelevant options.
• Try to identify the opening (independent sentence) and closing sentences (concluding sentence).
• Try to identify the mandatory pairs. Two sentences can be connected through various connectors and other determinants.

The correct answer is The storekeeper asked the security whether he had seen the torch he had kept there.

Key Points

• The given sentence is a direct speech.
• The basic rules for changing or converting direct speech into indirect speech:​
• The commas and inverted commas are removed and 'question mark' is replaced by 'full stop' and the verb 'did' is replaced by 'whether'.
• The second-person pronoun 'you' is replaced by the third-person pronoun 'he'.
• The first-person pronoun 'I' is replaced by the third-person pronoun 'he'
• The past simple tense format 'Subject + V₂ (kept) + Object' will be changed into the past perfect tense format 'Subject + had + V₃ (kept) + Object'.

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Hence, the correct option is The storekeeper asked the security whether he had seen the torch he had kept there.

Additional Information

• The following table will enable us to know how tense changes into Indirect speech:-

The correct answer is 'Euthanasia'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the given options:-
• 'Euphemism' is a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.
• 'Euphorbia' is a plant of a genus that comprises the spurges.
• 'Euthanasia' is the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma.
• 'Euphoria' is a feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness.
  

Hence, the correct answer is Euthanasia.

The correct answer is 'argument'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the given options:
• The noun 'concession' means the action of conceding or granting something.
• The noun 'compromise' means an agreement or settlement of a dispute.
• The noun 'dispute' means a disagreement or argument.
• The noun 'argument' means the act or process of arguing, reasoning, or discussing.

 

Complete Sentence: People readily accept any argument of their leaders if supported by the media.

The correct answer is 'Enrage'.

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Key Points 

• The word 'Placate' means to lessen the anger or agitation of someone.
• The antonyms of the word 'Placate' are "enrage, anger, infuriate".
• From the antonym of the given word, we can say that the word 'Enrage' is the opposite in meaning.
• The word 'Enrage' means to make someone very angry.
• Let's see the meaning of other given options:-

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Hence, the correct answer is Enrage.

 

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the word 'Placate' are "propitiate, appease, conciliate".
• Example of 'Placate' in a sentence:
• His intent is clearly not to placate his critics.

The correct answer is 'A lot of times'.

Key Points

• In the underlined segment, the phrase "Lot of " is incorrect.
• In the given sentence, the noun 'times' is a plural uncountable noun.
• We know that the phrase "a lot of'' is used with a plural uncountable noun.
• Therefore, the phrase "A lot of'' should be used in place of ''Lot of''.
  

Correct Sentence: A lot of times she advised him for not being lazy for completing such a tough task.

The correct answer is 'Kindle'.

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Key Points  

• The word 'Instigate' means to rouse to strong feeling or action.
• The synonyms of the word 'Instigate' are "kindle, trigger, ignite".
• From the synonym of the given word, we can say that the word 'Kindle' is the same in meaning.
• The word 'Kindle' means to arouse or inspire (an emotion or feeling).
• Let's see the meaning of other given options-

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Hence, the correct answer is Kindle.

Additional Information

• The antonyms of the word 'Instigate' are "calm, appease, tranquilize".
• Example of 'Instigate' in a sentence:
• The government will instigate new measures to combat terrorism.

The correct answer is 'Envioronment'.

Key Points    

• Let us explore the options:-
• 'Envioronment': There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some spelling mistake in this word.
• The correct spelling is 'Environment' which means the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates. (वह परिवेश या परिस्थितियाँ जिसमें कोई व्यक्ति, जानवर या पौधा रहता है या संचालित होता है)
• 'Pollutant' is a substance that pollutes something, especially water or the atmosphere. (एक पदार्थ जो किसी चीज को प्रदूषित करता है, विशेषकर पानी या वातावरण को।)
• 'Residual' is a remaining after the greater part or quantity has gone. (शेष अधिक भाग या मात्रा के जाने के बाद।)
• 'Solvent' is the liquid in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution. (वह द्रव जिसमें विलेय को घोलकर विलयन बनाया जाता है।)

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is 'have been accused of'.

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the use of the plural form of the verb 'have' is incorrect.
• We know that a singular 'subject' will always take a singular 'verb'.
• The singular noun subject 'man' will take the singular verb 'has'.
• Therefore, the singular verb 'has' should be used in place of the plural verb 'have'.

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Correct Sentence: The man with a lost eye has been accused of murder of two girls in his neighbourhood.

Additional Information

• Subjects and verbs must agree with one another in number (singular or plural).
• Thus, if a subject is singular, its verb must also be singular; if a subject is plural, its verb must also be plural.

The correct answer is 'Speak with great politeness'.

Key Points

• Given Idiom: Keep a civil tongue means to speak kindly and politely.
• Example: Don't talk like that, keep a civil tongue in your head.
• From the given options, the second option is the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.
  

Hence, the correct answer is Speak with great politeness.

Mistake Points

• We may think from the phrase "Keep a civil tongue" that it is all about something related to the tongue or any argument, but the correct answer is option 2. So be careful while dealing with such questions.

The correct answer is 'by-product'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the given options:
• The noun 'tension' means the mental or emotional strain.
• The noun 'pressure' means a sense of stressful urgency caused by having too many demands on one's time or resources.
• The noun 'burden' means the duty or misfortune that causes worry, hardship, or distress.
• The noun 'by-product' means an incidental or secondary product made in the manufacture or synthesis of something else.
  

Complete Sentence: Success is the by-product of taking risks, everybody knows.

The correct answer is 'Homoepathy'.

Key Points    

• Let us explore the options:-
• 'Allopathy' is the treatment of disease by conventional means, i.e. with drugs having effects opposite to the symptoms.
• 'Homeopathy': There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some spelling mistake in this word.
• The correct spelling is 'Homeopathy' which is a system of complementary medicine in which ailments are treated by minute doses of natural substances.
• 'Naturopathy' is a system of alternative medicine based on the theory that diseases can be successfully treated or prevented without the use of drugs.
• 'Telepathy' is the supposed communication of thoughts or ideas by means other than the known senses.
  

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is **'**CDAB'.

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Key Points

• The sentence 'C' is independent of any other sentences as it is giving general information about the noun "Franco". Hence, 'C' is the first part.
• The word "fishing" mentioned in the sentence 'D' is linked with the word 'fisherman' mentioned in the sentence 'C'. Hence, 'D' follows 'C'.
• The phrase "Franco was young" mentioned in the sentence 'A' is linked with the phrase "as long as he could remember" mentioned in the sentence 'D'. Hence, 'A' follows 'D'.
• The sentence 'B' is the concluding sentence. Hence, 'B' is the last sentence.
  

Paragraph after rearranging the sentences: Franco was a fisherman who lived on the beach. He had been fishing for as long as he could remember. When Franco was young; he would stay at sea all night. Every morning, he would arrive with a big catch of fresh fish and sell it in the market.

Hint

• Important Rules to Solve the Para Jumbles:
• Read the sentences attentively and try to comprehend the idea or theme of the sentence and eliminate the irrelevant options.
• Try to identify the opening (independent sentence) and closing sentences (concluding sentence).
• Try to identify the mandatory pairs. Two sentences can be connected through various connectors and other determinants.

The option in which the given figure is embedded when rotation is not allowed is shown below:

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

The option figure that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series is shown below:

The figure series is moving in anti-clockwise direction. So, the next figure in the series will be option 3.

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

Logic = [(Sum of opposite letter's position value) x 2 + (Number of letter in the word x 2)]

SUM = 62

S = Opposite of S is H and the position value of H is = 8

U = Opposite of U is F and the position value of F is = 6

M = Opposite of M is N and the position value of N is = 14

[(8 + 6 + 14) x 2 + (3 x 2)] = [28 x 2 + 6]

[56 + 6] = 62

POT = 66

P = Opposite of P is K and the position value of K is = 11

O = Opposite of O is L and the position value of L is = 12

T = Opposite of T is G and the position value of G is = 7

[(11 + 12 + 7) x 2 + (3 x 2)] = [30 x 2 + 6]

[60 + 6] = 66

Similarly,

HULK = ?

H = Opposite of H is S and the position value of S is = 19

U = Opposite of U is F and the position value of F is = 6

L = Opposite of L is O and the position value of O is = 15

K = Opposite of K is P and the position of P is = 16

[(19 + 6 + 15 + 16) x 2 + (4 x 2)] = [56 x 2 + 8]

[112 + 8] = 120

Hence, HULK is coded as 120.

The sum of the ages of 4 friends A, B, C and D is 70 years.

A + B + C + D = 70 years

The total of their ages after 5 years will increase by 20 years as 5 × 4 = 20.

So, total age of 4 friends after 5 years = (70 + 20) years

= 90 years

Hence, 90 is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

1) LMH → L + 1 = M; M – 5 = H

2) UVS → U + 1 = V; V – 3 = S

3) HIF → H + 1 = I; I – 3 = F

4) YZW → Y + 1 = Z; Z – 3 = W

Hence, LMH is the odd one out.

According to given conditions,

    

So, A is paternal aunt of D.

Hence, Paternal Aunt is the correct answer.

The logic is:

2 × 3 + 1 = 7

7 × 3 + 2 = 23

23 × 3 + 3 = 72

72 × 3 + 4 = 220

220 × 3 + 5 = 665

Hence, 665 is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Needle : Sew → Sewing is done using a needle and a thread.

Similarly,

Auger : ? → Boring i.e, making a long deep hole is done using an auger.

Hence, Bore is the correct answer.

1) ×, =, -, ÷ 

Given expression: 16 A 8 A 6 A 3 A 4

After replacing the symbols, we get:

16 × 8 = 6 – 3 ÷ 4

=> 128 = 6 – 0.75

=> 128 ≠ 5.25

2) ÷, ×, =, -

Given expression: 16 A 8 A 6 A 3 A 4

After replacing the symbols, we get:

16 ÷ 8 × 6 = 3 – 4

=> 2 × 6 = -1

=> 12 ≠ - 1

3) ÷, ×, =, × 

Given expression: 16 A 8 A 6 A 3 A 4

After replacing the symbols, we get:

16 ÷ 8 × 6 = 3 × 4

=> 2 × 6 = 12

=> 12 = 12

4) ×, ÷, +, =

Given expression: 16 A 8 A 6 A 3 A 4

After replacing the symbols, we get:

16 × 8 ÷ 6 + 3 = 4

=> 16 × 1.34 + 3 = 4

=> 21.44 + 3 = 4

=> 24.44 ≠ 4

Hence, ÷, ×, =, ×  is the correct answer.

The logic is:

50 : 357 → 50 : (50 × 7) + 7

Similarly,

1) 18 : 133 → 18 : (18 × 7) + 7 = 133

2) 15 : 115 → 15 : (15 × 7) + 7 ≠ 115

3) 17 : 136 → 17 : (17 × 7) + 7 ≠ 136

4) 20 : 153 → 20 : (20 × 7) + 7 ≠ 153

Hence, 18 : 133 is the correct answer.

The logic is:

1) Stag → A male deer is called stag.

2) Larva → A larva is the young stage of some insects.

3) Nymph → A nymph is the young stage of some kinds of invertebrates, especially insects.

4) Foal → The young one of a horse is called a foal.

So, all options except ‘stag’ refers to young ones of animals or insects.

Hence, Stag is the odd one out.

The six faces of a dice have been marked with the letters A, B, C, D, E and F.

If A is adjacent to B, C and E, then A is opposite to either D or F.

1) A is adjacent to D → False (It cannot be definitely true as D may be opposite to A)

2) A is adjacent  to F → False  (It cannot be definitely true as F may be opposite to A)

3) B is adjacent to E → False (It cannot be definitely concluded)

4) D is adjacent to F → True (It is definitely true as all faces except D and F are adjacent to A, so definitely either D and F opposite to A and they are not opposite to each other which implies they are adjacent to each other)

Hence, D is adjacent to F is the correct answer.

The number of squares the following figure is shown below:

Hence, 48 is the correct answer.

The logic is:

(4² + 6²) ÷ 2 = 26

(7² + 1²) ÷ 2 = 25

Similarly,

(5² + 3²) ÷ 2 = ?

⇒ (25 + 9) ÷ 2 = ?

⇒ 34 ÷ 2 = ?

⇒ 17 = ?

Hence, 17 is the correct answer.

Arranging the given words in a logical and meaningful sequence:

4. Galaxy
5. Sun
6. Planet
7. Asteroid

Galaxy is system of stars that contains our sun and its planets, seen as a bright band in the night sky.

Sun is a star that shines in the sky during the day and that gives the earth heat and light. It is smaller than galaxy but larger than asteroids.

Planet a very large round object in space that moves around the sun or another star.

Asteroids are small, rocky objects that orbit the Sun.

The given objects are arranged according to their sizes. 

Hence, 4, 1, 3, 2 is the correct answer.

1. zznzmzn

zzmnozn / zzmnozn / zzm

‘zzmnozn’ is repeating itself in the series.

2. zznznzm

zzmnozn / zznnozm / zzm

The series does not follows any particular pattern.

3. nznnzzn

nzmnozn / znznozn / zzm

The series does not follows any particular pattern.

4. znzmznn

znmzozn / zmznonn / zzm

The series does not follows any particular pattern.

Hence, zznzmzn is the correct answer.

The logic is:

1. 198 : 981 

2. 132 : 321

3. 246 : 426

4. 954 : 549

Hence, 246 : 426 is the odd one out.

The logic is:

(12, 96, 8) → (12, 12 × 8, 8)

Similarly,

1. (7, 63, 9) → (7, 7 × 9, 9)

2. (15, 50, 5) → (15, 15 × 5 ≠ 50, 5)

3. (8, 40, 6) → (8, 8 × 6 ≠ 40, 6)

4. (13, 39, 4) → (13, 13 × 4 ≠ 39, 4)

Hence, (7, 63, 9) is the correct answer.

The logic is:

Cow : Byre → Byre refers to cowshed, a place where cow lives.

Similarly,

Owl : Barn → Barn is a large building on a farm in which crops or animals are kept.

Hence, Owl : Barn is the correct answer.

The option which is the exact mirror image of the given alphanumeric figure when the mirror is held at the right side is shown below:

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

The paper when unfolded will appear as shown below:

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Similarly,

Hence, FQRM is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is:

Conclusions:

I. Some breads are buns. → True (It is definite)

II. Some pastries are buns. → True (It is definite)

III. Some tarts are buns. → True (It is definite)

IV. Some buns are breads. → True (It is definite)

Hence, all the conclusions follow.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Similarly,

Hence, EPFFLZ is the correct answer.

The Venn diagram that best represent the relationship between Guitar, Instrument, and Thermometer is shown below:

Both Guitar and Thermometer are name of Instruments.

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Given:

Cos x = 3/5

Formula used: 

Sin x = perpendicular/hypotenuse,

Cos x = base/hypotenuse,

By Pythagoras theorem,

Hypotenuse2 = Perpendicular2 + Base2

Calculation:

According to the question:

Cos x = 3/5 

Base = 3

⇒ Hypotenuse = 5

Hypotenuse2 = Perpendicular2 + Base2

⇒ 52 = 32 + Perpendicular2

⇒ 25 = 9 + Perpendicular2

⇒ 25 – 9 = Perpendicular2

⇒ Perpendicular2 = 16

⇒ Perpendicular = √16 

⇒ Perpendicular2 = √(4 × 4)

⇒ Perpendicular = 4

Now,

(Sin x – Sin³ x)

⇒ [(perpendicular/hypotenuse) – (perpendicular/hypotenuse)³]

⇒ [4/5 – (4/5)³]

⇒ [4/5 – 64/125]

⇒ (100 – 64)/125

⇒ 36/125 = 0.288

∴ The answer is 0.288.

Given:

 

Calculation:

Total Pens = 5.6 + 4.9 + 4.6 = 15.1

From table, we can see in 1 Month , question has highest sale of Pens 

Then, (Month 1, % pen) = (5.6/15.1) × 100

⇒  0.3708 × 100

⇒  37.08%

Total Pencil = 6.7 + 7.3 + 6.2 = 20.2

From table, we can see in 2 Month , question has highest sale of Pencil

Then, (Month 2, % pencil) = (7.3/20.2) × 100

⇒ 36.13%

Total Books = 4.5 + 5.7 + 6.3 = 16.5

From table, we can see in 3 month , question has highest sale of Books

Then, (Month 3, % book) = (6.3/16.5) × 100

⇒  420/11 = 38.181%

∴ The highest percentage of sales are Books and Month 3.

Given:

 

Calculation:

Month 1 = Pens + Pencils + Books

⇒ 5.6 + 6.7 + 4.5 = 16.8

Month 2 = Pens + Pencils + Books

⇒ 4.9 + 7.3 + 5.7 = 17.9

Month 3 = Pens + Pencils + Books

⇒ 4.6 + 6.2 + 6.3 = 17.1

∴  Month 2 has the highest sales.

Given:

The perimeter of an isosceles triangle = 90 cm.

And base = 26 cm

Concept used:

An isosceles triangle two angles will also be the same in front of the equal sides.

Formula used:

P = (2a + b)

Where, p = perimeter

a = side and b = another side

Calculation:

Let the length of the equal sides be x

P = (2a + b)

⇒ 90 = 2x + 26

⇒ (90 – 26) = 2x

⇒ 64 = 2x

⇒ x = 64/2 = 32

∴ The length of the equal sides is 32 cm.

Given:

The shadow of a tree is $\frac{1}{√ 3}$ times the length of tree

Formula used:

Tan θ = Perpendicular/Base

Calculation:

Let the length of tree be x meter

Then, the height of a shadow = (1/√3) × x = x/√3 meter

In Δ ABC,

tanθ = x/(1/√3 × x) = √3

⇒ tanθ = √3

⇒ tanθ = tan60° 

⇒ θ = 60° 

∴ The angle of elevation is 60°.

Given:

sinθ = 0.96

Formula used:  

sinθ = perpendicular/hypotenuse,

cotθ = base/perpendicular

By Pythagoras theorem,

Hypotenuse2 = Perpendicular2 + Base2

Calculation:

According to the question:

sinθ = 0.96 = 96/100 = 24/25

Perpendicular = 24

⇒ Hypotenuse = 25

Hypotenuse2 = Perpendicular2 + Base2

⇒ 252 = 242 + Base2

⇒ 625 = 576 + Base2

⇒ 625 – 576  = Base2

⇒ Base2 = 49

⇒ Base = √49

⇒ Base  = √(7 × 7) = 7

Now, cotθ = base/perpendicular

⇒ 7/24 = 0.2916

∴ The value of cotθ = 0.2916.

Given:

2(a2 + b2) = (a + b)2

Formula used:

(a + b)2 = (a2 + b2 + 2ab)

Calculation:

According to the question:

2(a2 + b2) = (a + b)2

⇒ 2(a2 + b2) = (a2 + b2 + 2ab)

⇒ 2a² + 2b2 = (a2 + b2 + 2ab)

⇒ 2a2 + 2b2 – a2 – b2 – 2ab = 0

⇒ a2 + b2 – 2ab = 0

⇒ (a – b)² = 0

⇒ a – b = 0

⇒ a = b

∴ The answer is a = b.

Given:

The average salary of a person for the months of February, March, April, and May is Rs. 12,000

The month's March, April, May June is Rs. 13,000

The month of June is Rs. 8,000

Formula used:

Average = sum of observation/number of observation

Calculation:

The average salary of a person for the months of February, March, April, and May = 12000

February + March + April +  May = (12000) × 4

February + March + April + May = 48000      ----(1)

Sum of the month March, April, May and June = (13000) × 4

March + April + May + June = 52000      ----(2)

Subtract from equation (1) and equation (2):-

February – June = - 4000

⇒ June salary = 8000        

⇒ February = - 4000 + 8000

February = 4000

∴His salary for the month of February is 4000.

Given:

Time is taken by the train = 30 min

Speed of the train = 54 km/h

Formula used:

Distance = Speed × Time

Speed = Distance/Time

Calculation:

Total distance covered by the train = (30/60) × 54

⇒ 1/2 × 54

⇒ 27

⇒ Distance = 27 km

According to the question,

The distance has to be covered by the train in 20 minutes 

20 min in one hour = 20/60 

⇒ 1/3

So,

Speed = 27/1/3

⇒ 27 × 3

⇒ 81

⇒ Speed = 81 km/h

∴ The train must run 81 km/h

As we all know $\rm Time \propto \frac{1}{Speed}$ 

So, Ratio of Time = 3 : 2

⇒ The ratio of speed = 2 : 3

⇒ 2 → 54 km/h

⇒ 1 → 27 km/h

⇒ 3 → 81 km/h

∴ The train must run 81 km/h.

Given:

Perimeter = 30 m

Concept used:

Perimeter of an isosceles triangle = 2x + y

Area of an isosceles right angle triangle = 1/2 × x²

x = equal sides of an isosceles triangle 

Calculation:

In an isosceles right angled triangle, the two sides on the right angle are equal

Let the equal sides be a

Hence, hypotenuse of the isosceles right angled triangle = $√ {{{\rm{a}}^2} + {{\rm{a}}^2}} = √ 2 {\rm{a}}$

$\rm a + a;+ √2a = 30$

⇒ $\rm 2a;+ √2a = 30$

⇒ $\rm a(2;+ √2) = 30$

⇒ $\rm a = \frac{30}{(2;+ √2)}$

⇒ $\rm a = \frac{30(2;-; √2)}{(2;+;√2)(2;-; √2)}$

⇒ $\rm a = \frac{30(2;-; √2)}{2^2;-;(√2)^2}$

⇒ $\rm a = \frac{30(2;-; √2)}{4;-;2}$

⇒ $\rm a = \frac{30(2;-; √2)}{2}$

⇒ $\rm a = 15(2;-; √2)$

1/2 × (15(2 – √2))²

⇒ 1/2 × 225(4 + 2 – 4√2)

⇒ 112.5(6 – 5.6568) [√2 = 1.4142]

⇒ 112.5(0.3432)

⇒ 38.626 ≈ 38.63 m

∴ Area of the triangle is 38.63 m (Approximate)

Concept used:

Divisibility rule of 3

Sum of digits must be divisible by 3

Calculation:

1. 3 + 7 + 4 + 5 + 9 + 3 + 2 = 33

2. 4 + 5 + 3 + 9 + 7 + 6 + 3 = 37

3. 2 + 3 + 6 + 2 + 7 + 3 + 5 = 28

4) 6 + 3 + 4 + 2 + 5 + 8 + 9 = 37

∴ Option 1 is only divisible by 3

Given:

x3 + y3 = 16

x + y = 4

Formula used:

(x + y)[(x + y)2 – 3xy]

x4 + y4 = (x2 + y2)2 – 2x2y2

Calculation:

(x + y)[(x + y)² – 3xy] = 16

⇒ 4[16 – 3xy] = 16

⇒ (64 – 12xy) = 16

⇒ 64 – 16 = 12xy

⇒ 48 = 12xy

⇒ xy = 4

x⁴ + y⁴ = (x² + y²)² – 2x²y²

⇒ [(x + y)² – 2xy]² – 2x²y²

⇒ [(4)2 – 8]2 – 2 × 16

⇒ [16 – 8]2 – 32

⇒ 82 – 32

⇒ 64 – 32

⇒ 32

∴ Required value is 32

 

Only possibility when we put x, y = 2

x + y = 4

x³ + y³ = 8 + 8 = 16

2⁴ + 2⁴ = 16 + 16

⇒ 32

∴ Required value is 32

Calculation:

Total sales of Pens in Month 1 = 5600

Total sales of Pens in Month 2 = 4900

Total sales of Pens in Month 3 = 4600

Total sales of Pens in 3 months = (5600 + 4900 + 4600)

⇒ 15100

Average sale of 3 months = 15100/3

⇒ 5033.33 ≈ 5033

∴ The average number of pens sold in the 3 months is 5033

Given:

P can do a work in 10 days

Q can do the work in 15 days

Calculation:

Amount of work P can do in 1 day = 1/10

Amount of work Q can do in 1 day = 1/15

Amount of work P and Q can do in 1 day = 1/10 + 1/15 = 5/30

Amount of work P and Q can do in 3 day = 15/30 = 1/2

Fraction of work left = 1 – 1/2 = 1/2

∴ 1/2 of the work is left

LCM of 10 and 15 is 30

Efficiency of P = 30/10 = 3

Efficiency of P = 30/15 = 2

Total work done by P and Q in 3 days = [(3 + 2) × 3]

⇒ 15

Remaining work = 30 – 15 = 15

Fraction of work left = 15/30 = 1/2

∴ 1/2 of the work is left

Calculation:

Total sales of pens in 3 months = (5600 + 4900 + 4600)

⇒ 15100

Total sales of pencils in 3 months = (6700 + 7300 + 6200)

⇒ 20200

Total sales of books in 3 months = (4500 + 5700 + 6300)

⇒ 16500

∴ Pencils have the highest sales in all 3 months which is 20200

Given:

Area of the rectangular plot is 2000 m²

Calculation:

Let breath of the rectangle be x m

So, length = 5x m

5x m × x m = 2000 m²

⇒ 5x² m² = 2000 m²

⇒ x² = 400

⇒ x = 20

⇒ Breath = 20 m

∴ The breadth of the rectangular plot is 20 m

Given:

Total number of vote = 640000

Invalid vote = 20%

X got overall valid vote = 70%

Concept used:

Percentage base question

If a% of b so = b × (a/100)

Calculation:

We will find the invalid vote

20% of 640000

⇒ 640000 × (20/100)

⇒ 12800

Valid vote = 640000 – 128000 = 512000

Candidate X got 70% of the overall valid vote

⇒ 512000 × (70/100)

⇒ 358400

∴The number of valid votes polled in favor of the candidate is 358400.

Given:

The discount series of 25%, 15% and 10%

Concept used:

If discount is a% for price P

So, discount = P × (100 – a)/100

Total discount = P - discount

Calculation:

Let price be 100

25% discount

⇒ 100 × [(100 – 25)/100]

⇒ 100 × (75/100)

⇒ 75

15% discount on 75

⇒ 75 × [(100 – 15)/100]

⇒ 75 × (85/100)

⇒ 63.75

10% discount of 63.75

⇒ 63.75 × [(100 – 10)/100]

⇒ 63.75 × (90/100)

⇒ 57.4

So, discount 100 – 57.4 = 42.6%

∴ Equivalent discount is 42.6.

 

 

Using this formula

Equivalent discount of a and b = a + b - (ab/100)

A= 25%, b = 15%

⇒ 25 + 15 – [(25 × 15)/100]

⇒ 40 – 3.75

⇒ 36.25%

Again a = 36.25, b = 10

⇒ 36.25 + 10 – [(36.25 × 10)/100]

⇒ 46.25 – 3.625

⇒ 42.6%

∴ Equivalent discount is 42.6.

Given:

Two number are respectively 25% and 60% more than a third number

Concept used:

Use percentage method

Calculation:

Let the third number be 100

First number = 100 + 25 = 125

Second number = 100 + 60 = 160

So, ratio of first and second number

⇒ 125 : 160

⇒ 25 : 32

∴ The ratio of the two number is 25 : 32

Given:

21^√x + 20^√x  = 29^√x

Formula used:

Using phythagorus theorem

a² + b² = c²

Calculation:

21^√x + 20^√x = 29^√x

Compare the whole equation a² + b² = c²

So √x = 2

x = 4

21² + 20² = 29²

441 + 400 = 841

841 = 841

So x =  4 satisfy this equation

 ∴ The value of x is 4.

Given:

A tradesman marks his products 35% above the cost price and allows his customers 15% reduction on their bills

Formula used:

Selling Price = Mark price - discount

Profit = selling price (S.P.) – Discount

Calculation:

Let Cost Price = 100

Mark Price = 100 + (100 × 35)/100 = 100 + 35 = 135

Discount is 15%

⇒ (15/100) × 135

⇒ 20.25%

Selling Price = MP - discount

⇒ 135 - 20.25

⇒ 114.75%

Profit = 114.75 - 100 = 14.75%

∴ Percentage of profit is 14.75%

Given:

P₁ = 7000, T₁ = 3 year, R₁ = 5%

P₁ = 7000, T₂ = 3 year, R₂ = 6(1/3)%

Formula used:

Simple interest = (Principal amount × rate of interest × time)/100

Calculation:

S.I.₁ = (P₁ × R₁ × T₁)/100

⇒ (7000 × 3 × 5)/100

⇒ 1050

S.I. for one year = 1050/3

⇒ 350

S.I.₂ = (P₁ × R₂ × T₂)/10

⇒ [7000 × (19/3) × 3]/100

⇒ 1330

S.I.₂ for one year = 1330/3

⇒ 443.33

Gain for one year = 443.33 – 350

⇒ 93.33

∴ His gain in the transaction per year is 93.33

Shortcut Trick

For concentric circles, the chord of the larger circle which is tangent to the smaller circle is bisected at the point of contact.

Half chord length AB = √(R² − r²)

AB = √(7.5² − 4.4²) = √(56.25 − 19.36) = √36.89 ≈ 6.07 cm

Total chord AC = 2 × AB = 2 × 6.07 = 12.14 cm

∴ The correct answer is 12.14 cm.

Alternate Method

Given: Radius of outer circle (R) = 7.5 cm, Radius of inner circle (r) = 4.4 cm.

Formula Used: In a circle, the radius is perpendicular to the tangent at the point of contact (Pythagoras Theorem: Hypotenuse² = Base² + Perpendicular²).

⇒ In right-angled triangle PBA, PA is the radius of the larger circle (7.5 cm) and PB is the radius of the smaller circle (4.4 cm).

⇒ AB² = PA² − PB²

⇒ AB² = 7.5² − 4.4² = 56.25 − 19.36 = 36.89

⇒ AB = √36.89 ≈ 6.0737 cm

⇒ Since the perpendicular from the centre to a chord bisects the chord, AC = 2 × AB

⇒ AC = 2 × 6.0737 = 12.1474 cm

∴ The correct answer is 12.14 cm.

Additional Information

Concentric Circles

Circles having the same centre but different radii are called concentric circles.

Tangent Property

A tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact.

Chord Bisection

The perpendicular drawn from the centre of a circle to a chord always bisects the chord into two equal halves.

Given:

1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + __________(2n - 1)

Formula used:

S_n = (n/2) × [2a + (n – 1)d] = (n/2)[a + l]

Calculation:

First term(a) = 1,

Common difference(d) = 3 – 1 = 5 – 3 = 7 – 5 = 2

last term(l) = 2n – 1

Number of terms = n

Sum of terms = (n/2)[2a + (n – 1)d] = (n/2)[a + l]

⇒ (n/2) × (1 + 2n – 1)

⇒ (n/2) × (2n)

⇒ n × n

∴ The value of 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + __________(2n - 1) is n × n

 

Shortcut Trick

Put n = 2

Sum of 2 term = 1 + 3 = 4

Check the option

1. (2n – 1)(2n – 1)

⇒ [(2 × 2) – 1][(2 × 2) – 1]

⇒ 3 × 3

⇒ 9

2. n/2 = 2/2 = 1

3. n(n + 1)/2

⇒ 2 × 3/2

⇒ 3

4. n × n

⇒ 2 × 2

⇒ 4

∴ Option (4) is right.

Hint

Sum of n odd number = n²

Given:

The diameter of the two small circular grounds = 42 m and 26 m respectively

Formula Used:

Area of the circle = πR²

Calculation:

The radius of the 1st circle R₁ = 42/2  = 21 m

The radius of the 2nd circle R₂ = 26/2 = 13 m  

Total Area of the two small ground = π(R²₁ + R²₂) = π ( 21² + 13²) = π  × (441 + 169)

Total area = 610π m2

New ground area = 610π 

610π  = πR² 

⇒ R2 = 610

⇒ R = √610

⇒ R ≈ 24.63 m

∴ The radius of the new ground if the new ground has the same area as two small grounds is 24.63 m.

The correct answer is Meghna Gulzar.

Key Points

• Chhapaak is a 2020 Indian a Hindi-language drama film directed by Meghna Gulzar and produced by Deepika Padukone and Meghna Gulzar in collaboration with Fox Star Studios. Deepika Padukone played the role of Lakshmi Agarwal in this film.
• Meghna Gulzar got the Film Fare Award for Best Director in 2019.
• The Government of Rajasthan has made the film 'Chhapak' tax-free in the state based on the story Laxmi Agarwal (Acid Attack Survivor).
• As per the order issued by the Finance Department on January 10, 2020, the film has been exempted from SGST. This order will be effective for six months.

The correct answer is Russia.

Key Points

Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant: 

• It is the largest nuclear power plant in India.
• It is situated in the Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu.
• It was built in collaboration with Atomstroyexport, the Russian state company, and Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL).
• It has a capacity of 6,000 MW of electricity.

Important Points

The correct answer is Virat Kohli.

Virat Kohli won ICC Cricketer of the Year’, ‘ICC Test Player of the Year’ and ‘ICC ODI Player of the Year’ in 2018.

Key Points

• In 2018 Virat Kohli won:- 
• ICC Cricketer of the Year
• ICC Test Player of the Year
• ICC ODI Player of the Year
• Virat Kohli is an Indian cricketer and the current captain of the India national team.
• A right-handed top-order batsman, Kohli is regarded as one of the best contemporary batsmen in the world.
• He plays for Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Indian Premier League (IPL) and has been the team's captain since 2013.

Important Points

• Kohli was appointed the vice-captain of the ODI team in 2012 and handed over the Test captaincy following Mahendra Singh Dhoni's Test retirement in 2014.
• In early 2017, he became the limited-overs captain as well after Dhoni stepped down from the position.
• In ODIs, Kohli has the second-highest number of centuries and the highest number of centuries in run-chases in the world.
• He holds the world record for being the fastest batsman to 8,000, 9,000, 10,000, and 11,000 runs in ODI cricket, reaching the milestones in 175, 194, 205, and 222 innings respectively.

The correct answer is Chess.

Through a smart movement using a pawn, Himal Gusain outshone grandmaster NR Visakh. He is talking about Chess.

Key Points

• The pawn is the least powerful chess piece, but it can be promoted into any other chess piece (except for a king). As Philidor once said, "Pawns are the soul of chess!"
• Some important moves in chess are:-
• An Amazing Bishop Endgame.
• Bura's Desperado Sacrifice.
• Geller's Rook And Pawn Endgame.
• Vladimirov's Thunderbolt.
• Marshall's Legendary Move.
• Meier's Spectacular Sacrifice.
• Shirov's Jaw-Dropping Bishop Sacrifice.

The correct answer is Kelvin.

Key Points

• The SI unit of thermodynamic temperature is Kelvin.
• Thermodynamic temperature is an absolute measure of the average total internal energy of an object —namely, its kinetic energy (energy of motion) plus contributions from other factors.
• It applies to the average energy of a collection of atoms or subatomic particles—for example, the atoms in a block of iron, or the air molecules in a room.
• It is expressed in a number of kelvins above absolute zero, the theoretical point at which nothing can get colder.

The correct answer is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is known as the 'Father of the Nation' in India.

Key Points

• Generally, the first President of an independent country is given such a title. Subhash Chandra Bose chose such a title because he had seen the role of Gandhiji in building India as an independent nation.
• Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose was the first person to call Mahatma Gandhi as a Father of Nation’ from Azad Hind Radio on July 6th, 1944.
• He gave the famous slogan, ”Jai Hind” from Free India Center, Germany.
• He formed the ‘Freedom Army’ which consisted of all prisoners of war captured by Germany with the help of Hitler.
• Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi:-
• He was a Barrister or Lawyer by profession.
• In 1888, MK Gandhi went to London, England, to study law.
• Apart from completing legal education from England, he had to learn Indian law in Bombay.
• During his first stay in London, from 1888 to 1891, he joined the executive committee of the London Vegetarian Society.

Additional Information

• Bhim Rao Ambedkar:- 
• He is considered as the Father of the Indian Constitution.
• He was the chief architect of the Constitution of India.
• He was appointed Chairman of the Constitution Drafting Committee in 1947.
• He was independent of India's first Minister of Law and Justice.
• Swami Vivekananda:-
• He was born in 1863.
• He founded the Ramakrishna Mission in May 1897.
• He died in 1902 at Belur Math in West Bengal.
• He was influenced by Ramakrishna Paramahansa who was also his Guru.
• Mahadev Govind Ranade:- 
• He was one of India’s Citpavan Brahmans of Maharashtra who was a judge of the High Court of Bombay,
• He is a noted historian and an active participant in social and economic reform movements.

The correct answer is Mount Abu.

Dilwara temples of Jainism located at Mount Abu.

Key Points

• Dilwara Jain Temples is one of the finest Jain temples known in world for its extraordinary architecture and marvelous marble stone carvings and are located at Mount Abu.
• These temples were built between the 11^th to 13^th Centuries AD.
• All this was done at a time when no transport or roads were available at a height of 1200+ Mtrs in Mount Abu.
• Huge blocks of marble stones were transported on elephant backs from the Arasoori Hills at Ambaji to this remote hilly region of Mount Abu.
• Dilwara temples are also a popular Jain pilgrimage attraction.

Important Points

• Dilwara Temple complex consists of five major sections or temples devoted to five Jain Tirthankaras (Saints):
• Shri Mahaveer Swami Temple
• Shri AdiNath Temple or Vimal Vasahi Temple
• Shri ParshavNath Temple or Khartar Vasahi Temple
• Shri Rishabdaoji Temple or Peethalhar Temple
• Shri NemiNathJi Temple or Luna Vasahi Temple

PDS has been abandoned in the country since 2007 is an incorrect statement.

Key Points

• Public distribution system (PDS) is an Indian food Security System established under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food, and Public Distribution.
• It evolved as a system of management of scarcity through the distribution of food grains at affordable prices.
• It is operated under the joint responsibility of the Central and the State Governments.
• Under the PDS, presently the commodities namely wheat, rice, sugar, and kerosene are being allocated to the States/UTs for distribution.
• Some states/UTs also distribute additional items of mass consumption through the PDS outlets such as pulses, edible oils, iodized salt, spices, etc.
• From the 1970s, it had evolved into a universal scheme for the distribution of subsidized food.

Additional Information

• Revamped Public Distribution System (RPDS) was launched in June 1992 with a view to strengthen and streamline the PDS as well as to improve its reach in the far-flung, hilly, remote, and inaccessible areas where a substantial section of the underprivileged classes lives.
• In June 1997, the Government of India launched the Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) with a focus on the poor.
• Under TPDS, beneficiaries were divided into two categories:
• Households below the poverty line or BPL
• Households above the poverty line or APL.

The correct answer is Swami Vivekananda – Ramakrishna Mission.

Key Points

• Ramakrishna Mission is an Indian socio-religious organization founded by Swami Vivekanand on 1 May 1897.
• It was established in order to propagate the ideals of Ramakrishna Paramahasa.
• It conducts research in the field of health care, elementary and higher education, tribal welfare, and culture.

Additional Information

• Arya Samaj:-
• It is the society of Nobles vigorous reform movement of modern Hinduism, founded in 1875 by Dayananda Sarasvati.
• Aim:-  To reestablish the Vedas, the earliest Hindu scriptures, as revealed truth.
• The Arya Samaj opposes worship of murtis (images), animal sacrifice, shraddha (rituals on behalf of ancestors), basing caste upon birth rather than upon merit, untouchability, child marriage, pilgrimages, priestly craft, and temple offerings.
• It has worked to further female education and inter caste marriage, has built missions, orphanages, and homes for widows, has established a network of schools and colleges; and has undertaken famine relief and medical work.
• From its beginning, it was an important factor in the growth of Indian nationalism.
• Brahmo Samaj:-
• It is an atheistic movement within Hinduism, founded in Kolkata in 1828 by Ram Mohan Roy.
• It does not accept the authority of the Vedas, has no faith in avatars (incarnations), and does not insist on belief in karma (causal effects of past deeds) or samsara (the process of death and rebirth).
• It discards Hindu rituals and denounces polytheism, image worship, and the caste system.

The correct answer is Governor.

The Head of the government of a state in India is Governor.

Key Points

• Governors are responsible for implementing state laws and overseeing the operation of the state executive branch.
• As state leaders, governors advance and pursue new and revised policies and programs using a variety of tools, among them executive orders, executive budgets, and legislative proposals and vetoes.

Important Points 

• Indian constitution discusses the role of governor in its VI Part  from the article(152-165) some of them are:
• There shall be a Governor for each state (Articles 153 ).
• The executive power of the State shall be vested in the Governor and shall be exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him in accordance with the Constitution of India (Article 154).
• The Governor of a State shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal (Article 155).
• There shall be Council of Ministers with the Chief Minister at the head to aid and advise the Governor in the exercise of his functions except in so far as he is by or under the Constitution required to exercise his functions or any of them in his discretion. (Article 163).
• The Governor appoints Chief Minister and other Ministers. (Article 164).
• The Governor appoints the Advocate General for the State. (Article 165).

Additional Information

• Article 74(1) of the Constitution provides
• that there shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as its head to aid and advice the President, who shall exercise his/her functions in accordance to the advice.
• As a real executive authority, the Chief Minister is called the head of the government. He is assisted by his council of ministers who are a part of the state executive along with Governor and Advocate-General of State.

The correct answer is Chloroplast.

The chloroplast of the plant cell traps sunlight to make sugar.

Key Points

• The chloroplast is an organelle that contains the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll that captures sunlight and converts it into useful energy, thereby, releasing oxygen from water.
• Chloroplasts are found in all green plants and algae.
• They are the food producers of plants.
• These are found in the guard cells located in the leaves of the plants.
• They contain a high concentration of chlorophyll that traps sunlight. This cell organelle is not present in animal cells.

Additional Information

• Plant cells contain structures known as plastids which are absent in animal cells. These plastids are double-membrane cell organelles which play a primary role in the manufacturing and storing of food. There are three types of plastids –
• Chromoplasts-
• ​They are the colour plastids, found in all flowers, fruits and are mainly responsible for their distinctive colours.
• Chloroplasts-
• ​They are green coloured plastids, which comprises green-coloured pigments within the plant cell and are called the chlorophyll.
• Leucoplasts-
• ​ They are colourless plastids and are mainly used for the storage of starch, lipids, and proteins within the plant cell.
• Starch grains:-
• They are tiny structures made by most plants as products of photosynthesis.
• Essentially, a starch grain is a well-packed storehouse of glucose sugar units.
• Many plants store starch grains in underground organs such as roots, bulbs, tubers, and rhizomes, as well as their seeds and stems.

The correct answer is Abul Kalam Azad.

• The first Education Minister of Independent India was Abul Kalam Azad.

Key Points

• India's first Education Minister, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad is popularly known as Maulana Azad.
• He was the visionary behind India's premier institutes - the IITs, IISc, and School of Architecture and Planning.
• He was also responsible for setting up apex bodies such as AICTE and UGC.
• Not just primary education and literacy but, Azad was also instrumental in the promotion of culture and literature through education.
• Most of the cultural and literary academies we see today such as Lalit Kala Academy, Sahitya Academy, etc. were established by him.
• He also stressed vocational training and diversification of secondary education.

Additional Information

• Triguna Sen:-
• He was the Union Minister for education in the Government of India.
• He got Padma Bhushan in 1965.
• Pranab Kumar Mukherjee:-
• ​He was an Indian statesman who serves as the 13th President of India from 2012 until 2017.
• He was also a senior leader in the Indian National Congress and occupied several ministerial portfolios in the Government of India.
• Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi:-
• She was an Indian politician and a central figure of the Indian National Congress.
• She was the first and, to date, only female Prime Minister of India. Indira Gandhi was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of India.