SSC CHSL 2020 Official Paper 27 (Held on: 9 Aug 2021 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is- The supervisor instructed the staff to make sure that every room was disinfected properly.

Key Points

• An imperative sentence always indicates command , request or advise. So, we have to use appropriate Verb according to command , request or advise.
• The given sentence is an imperative sentence as it starts with the verb i.e. Make.
• In Indirect Speech, the Verb of the Reported Speech in an Imperative Sentence is changed into the Infinitive (to + V₁)
• In the given sentence, 'make' will be replaced it into 'to make' and the tense of the sentence will change into the past tense.

Hence, the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is- bitterness

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Stillness- total lack of movement or changing of position. (आंदोलन की कुल कमी या स्थिति में बदलाव।)
• Thickness- the quality of being thick or how thick something is. (कुछ मोटा या कितना मोटा होने का गुण।)
• Bitterness- an unpleasantly sharp taste. (एक अप्रिय तेज स्वाद।)
• Eagerness- enthusiasm to do or to have something; keenness. (कुछ करने या करने का उत्साह; उत्सुकता।)
• The given sentence wants to say that the prisoner is very angry and upset hence, her voice or speech is very bitterness which is not soothing. So the correct answer is Option 2 i.e. Bitterness as none of the other words suits the context of the sentence.

So the correct sentence is- The prisoner was very upset and angry and there was bitterness in her voice.

The correct answer is partial.

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Complete- having or including all parts; with nothing missing संपूर्ण; सर्वांशपूर्ण, सारा
• Partial- not complete आंशिक
• Bulky- large and heavy and therefore difficult to move or carry भारी-भरकम
• Plentiful- available in large amounts or numbers बड़ी मात्रा में राशि में उपलब्‍ध
• Vacant- (used about a house, hotel room, seat, etc.) not being used; empty (मकान, होटल का कमरा आदि) जो इस्‍तेमाल में नहीं आ रहा; ख़ाली
• Hence, according to the meanings of the given words the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is the greatest kings.

Key Points

• The underlined phrase is to be replaced with 'the greatest kings'
• In the given sentence, there is a comparison of one king with the many kings of India. Hence, we need to use a superlative degree of an adjective instead of comparative degree.
• So the correct sentence is- Ashoka was one of the greatest kings of India.

Additional Information

• We can use the definite article with the comparative degree when we want to choose something from the two things i.e. we can use 'the better"

The erroneous part is ''play online games"

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the usage of play online games is incorrect instead of this we need to use playing online games.
• Let's see the structure of the sentence-
• In the given sentence, the subject of the sentence is 'we' and decided is the main verb the subject of an infinitive verb is same as the main verb i.e. We obviously we can interpret that the subject 'We' has decided to spend their time.
• Now we need to locate an object for the verbs. The object of the verb spend is 'our time' but we don't have an object for the main verb i.e. 'decided' hence, we need to use an objective case of word 'play' so we need to use a gerund form i.e. playing.
• So we can read this sentence like this- We have decided playing online games and we spend our time.
• So the correct sentence is- We have decided to spend our time playing online games as we will not go out on a vacation this year.

The incorrect spelling is- convean

Key Points

• The correct spelling of the word is- Convene.
• The meaning of the word is- to come together or to bring people together for a meeting, etc. किसी बैठक आदि के लिए लोगों का एकत्र होना या लोगों को एकत्र करना; बैठक आदि बुलाना, आयोजित करना
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 3.

 

Additional Information

• Convert: To change something into a different form or properties.
• Converse: It's a verb meaning to engage in conversation. Also, as an adjective, 'converse' can mean the opposite or reverse of a situation or proposition.
• Convent: The building occupied by a convent.

The correct spelling is "grammer".

Key Points

• The correct spelling is "grammar," not "grammer."
• ​Example: "Studying English grammar can help improve your writing and speaking skills."
• The other three options: "collide," "existence," and "conscious" are all spelled correctly.
• Therefore, the word that is spelled incorrectly is- "grammer."

Hence, the correct answer is 'Option 4'. 

Additional Information

• "collide" - This is the correct spelling of the word which means to come into conflict or opposition.
• Example: "The two cars collided at the intersection due to the foggy weather."
• "existence" - This is the correct spelling of the word which refers to the state or fact of living or being present.
• Example: "The existence of extraterrestrial life has been a subject of debate among scientists."
• "conscious" - This is the correct spelling of the word which refers to being aware of and responding to one's surroundings.
• Example: "He was conscious that his decision could create many issues."

The correct answer is- The lawn is mowed once every month.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in the Active voice.
• In active passive voice firstly look at the tense of the sentence because the tense of the sentence doesn't change in Active passive voice.
• The verb of the sentence is 'mow' and it is in the present tense the meaning of the verb is- to cut grass using a machine (a mower) विशेष मशीन से घास काटना
• So the structure of the passive voice is- be(form) + third form of the verb.
• Hence, the correct answer is- The lawn is mowed once every month. i.e. Option 2.

The correct answer is incorrigible.

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Infallible- .(used about a person) never making mistakes or being wrong (व्‍यक्ति) जो कभी भूलें न करें या ग़लती पर न हो; अमोघ
• Invincible- too strong or powerful to be defeated इतना सशक्त या बलशाली कि पराजित न किया जा सके; अपराजेय, अजेय
• Incorrigible- impossible to improve or correct सुधारना या सुधारना असंभव
• Indelible- that cannot be removed or washed out जो हटाया या धोया न जा सके; अमिट, अलोप्‍य, स्‍थायी
• Hence, according to the meanings of the given words, the correct answer is Option 3 i.e. Incorrigible.

The correct answer is: Option 4.

Key Points

• The word "delectable" means something that is delicious or extremely pleasant to taste or smell. (स्वादिष्ट)
• Example: The chef prepared a delectable meal that everyone enjoyed.
• "Luscious" refers to something that is richly appealing to the senses, especially taste or smell. (रसदार)
• Example: The luscious fruits were a delight to eat.
• Hence, we can infer that the synonym of 'delectable' is 'luscious'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 4.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Horrible (भयानक): Extremely bad or unpleasant.
• Example: The movie was so horrible that I couldn't watch it till the end.
• Offensive (आपत्तिजनक): Causing someone to feel deeply hurt, upset, or angry.
• Example: His offensive remarks were not appreciated by anyone.
• Unpleasant (अप्रिय): Causing discomfort, unhappiness, or revulsion.
• Example: The weather was unpleasant, with heavy rain and strong winds.

The correct answer is Hypocrite

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Versatile- (used about an object) having many different uses (वस्‍तु) अनेक कामों के लिए प्रयुक्त, बहु-उद्देश्‍यीय, बहु-हेतुक
• Radical- (used about changes in something) very great; complete (परिवर्तन) अत्‍यधिक; पूर्ण
• Hypocrite- a person who pretends to have moral standards or opinions which he/she does not really have. Hypocrites say one thing and do another (वास्‍तविकता के विपरीत) उच्‍च नैतिक मानदंड और व्‍यवहार का ढोंग रचने वाला व्‍यक्ति; पाखंडी, ढोंगी
• Communal- shared by a group of people सामूहिक, सामुदायिक, पंचायती
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 3 i.e. Hypocrite.

The correct answer is Procure.

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Incur- to suffer the unpleasant results of a situation that you have caused अपनी ग़लती के अप्रिय परिणामों को भुगतना
• Attain- to succeed in getting or achieving something, especially after a lot of effort (किसी कार्य या वस्‍तु को) करने या पाने में सफल होना, विशेषतः काफ़ी प्रयत्‍न के बाद
• Gain- to obtain or win something, especially something that you need or want वस्‍तु तक पहुँचना या प्राप्‍त करना, विशेषतः अपेक्षित या अभीष्‍ट वस्‍तु; पाना
• Procure- to obtain something, especially with difficulty कुछ प्राप्‍त करना विशेषतः कठिनाई से
• Hence, according to the meanings of the given words, the correct answer is Option 4.
• In the given sentence, the speaker is saying that he obtain tickets with a lot of difficulties.

So the correct sentence is- With a lot of difficulty, he could procure only two tickets for the train from Mumbai to Ranchi.

The correct answer is Something impossible to find.

Key Points

• The meaning of the idiom 'Needle in a haystack' is- Something or someone that is difficult and nearly impossible to find.
• Let's see an example-
• Finding the piece of paper I need in this huge pile of documents is like looking for/trying to find a needle in a haystack
• So the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is DBAC

Key Points

• On reading the sentences, we can comprehend that the passage is talking about the conversation between the soldiers.
• The first sentence will be D as it tells that how many soldiers are standing around a ditch.
• The second sentence will be B as it gives the further information that two men are fighting at the bottom of the ditch.
• The third sentence will be A as it gives the information about the soldiers how they look.
• The fourth sentence will be C.

So the correct passage will be- Three or four soldiers, holding torches, were standing around a ditch. Two men were fighting, crying out and cursing, at the bottom of the ditch. They were covered with mud from head to foot. “Stop that!” shouted the sergeant.

The correct answer is BADC.

Key Points

• On reading the sentences, we can comprehend that the passage is all about the leaving the odds and work hard to make a purposeful life also the speaker gives the example of Wilma Rudolf.
• The first sentence will be B as it gives the introduction of the passage by saying that people read many stories of success who overcame physical disabilities.
• The second sentence will be A as it gives the evidence and tells what is the driving force behind their purpose.
• The third sentence will D it tells us that the people who suffer from physical disabilities they wanted to prove themselves that they could do it whatever they want to achieve.
• The fourth sentence will be C.

So the correct passage is- We read many stories of people who overcame serious disabilities. It becomes evident from their stories that their desire to succeed became their driving force, their purpose in life. They wanted to prove to themselves that they could do it in spite of all odds - and they did it. This is what made a paralytic, Wilma Rudolf, win three gold medals on the track in the 1960 Olympics.

The correct answer is engulfs them.

Key Points

• In the given sentence, 'engulfs' means 'to cover or surround somebody/something completely परिग्रहण करना; किसी व्‍यक्त�� या वस्‍तु को पूरा घेर या ढक लेना'
• We need to use a pronoun according to the subject i.e. human beings the noun is in the plural form hence, we need to use a plural pronoun so the correct plural pronoun is 'them'
• Hence, the correct sentence is- Just like a spider that spins its own web and later destroys it, human beings can also destroy the web of desires that engulfs them.

The correct answer is something good that isn't recognised at first.

Key Points

• The meaning of the idiom 'A blessing in disguise' is- an apparent misfortune that eventually has good results.
• Let's see an example-
• Losing that job was a blessing in disguise really.
• Hence, the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is Complex.

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Complicated- involving a lot of different parts, in a way that is difficult to understand (पेचीदा; जटिल)
• Complex- made up of several connected parts and often difficult to understand; complicated (अनेक परस्‍पर संबद्घ अंशों से निर्मित और प्रायः दुर्बोध; पेचीदा; जटिल)
• Simplified- to make something easier to do or understand; to make something less complicated (किसी काम या बात को सुकर या सुबोध बनाना; किसी चीज़ की जटिलता को कम करना, उसे सरल बनाना)
• ***Plain-*easy to see, hear or understand; clear (देखने, सुनने, समझने में आसान; स्‍पष्‍ट)
• Painful- that causes pain or hurts (दर्द या पीड़ा उत्‍पन्‍न करने वाला; पीड़ादायी)
• Hence, according to the meanings of the given words, the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is distinguished.

Key Points

• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Nondescript- not having any interesting or unusual qualities जिसमें कोई आकर्षक या असाधारण गुण न हो, साधारण, मामूली
• Distinguished- important, successful and respected by other people महत्वपुर्ण, सफल एवं सम्‍मानित
• Vague- not clear or definite अस्‍पष्‍ट या अनिश्‍चित
• Common- happening or found often or in many places; usual प्रायः या बहुत सारे स्‍थानों पर पाया जाने या होने वाला; सामान्‍य, आम
• Ordinary- normal; not unusual or different from others साधारण; अन्‍यों से असामान्‍य या अलग नहीं, अन्‍यों के समान
• Hence, according to the meanings of the given words, the correct answer is Option 1.

The erroneous part is 'the more severe cyclone'

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the usage of 'the more' is incorrect instead use 'the most'
• In the given sentence, the cyclone is compared with every cyclone that comes since 1999 hence, we need to use a superlative degree of adjective.
• So the correct sentence is- Amphan, the most severe cyclone in the Bay of Bengal since the super cyclone of1999, made landfall in the afternoon on Wednesday.

The correct answer is 'their'

Key Points

• Students in the sixth grade of a certain school in Navi Mumbai love (1) ______ History lessons, thanks to a novel teaching aid.
• In the given blank, we need a pronoun for the subject 'students' it is a plural noun hence, we need to use a plural subjective pronoun so the correct answer is Option 3 i.e. their.

So the correct sentence is- Students in the sixth grade of a certain school in Navi Mumbai love their History lessons, thanks to a novel teaching aid.

The correct answer is 'is'

Key Points

• It (2) ______ not surprising given the fact that their study material
• In the given sentence, we need a verb for the subject 'it' hence, the correct verb is 'is' as we need to use a singular verb in the present tense as the given passage in the present tense.
• So the correct tense is- It is not surprising given the fact that their study material

The correct answer is 'includes'

Key Points

• It is not surprising given the fact that their study material (3) ______ comic books
• In the given sentence, we need a verb for the noun study material as it is a subject of the subordinate clause. As it is a singular noun hence, we are going to use a singular verb so the correct verb is 'includes'

So the correct sentence is- It is not surprising given the fact that their study material includes comic books

The correct answer is reference.

Key Points

• that their study material includes comic books and they use their textbooks for (4) ______ to put things into perspective.
• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Reference- a written or spoken comment that mentions somebody/something व्‍यक्ति या वस्‍तु के विषय में लिपिबद्ध या मौखिक वक्तव्‍य; उल्‍लेख, ज़िक्र
• Suggestion- a plan or idea that somebody mentions for somebody else to discuss and consider (चर्चा या विचार हेतु) कोई सुझाव (कोई योजना या राय)
• Indication- something that shows something; a sign अन्‍य वस्‍तु को दिखाने वाली वस्‍तु; संकेत
• Practice- action rather than ideas or thought व्‍यवहार, प्रयोग (न कि कल्‍पनाएँ या विचार)
• The speaker wants to say that the students can refer to textbook to put things into perspective hence, according to the meanings of the words the correct answer is Option 1.

The correct answer is 'encouraged'

Key Points

• Besides, students are (5) ______ to tap other sources of information as well.
• Let's see the meanings of the given words-
• Cheered-  to shout to show that you like something or to encourage somebody who is taking part in competition, sport, etc. किसी को स्‍पर्धा, खेल आदि में प्रोत्‍साहित करने के लिए चिल्‍लाना आदि
• Boosted- to increase something in number, value or strength संख्‍या, मूल्‍य या शक्ति में वृद्धि करना
• Encouraged- .to give hope, support or confidence to somebody (किसी को) प्रोत्‍साहित करना; (किसी की) हिम्‍मत बढ़ाना
• Heartened- to encourage somebody; to make somebody feel happier प्रोत्‍साहित करना, उत्‍साह बढ़ाना; किसी की प्रसन्‍नता बढ़ाना
• Hence, according to the meanings of the given words, the correct answer is Option 3.

Arranging in a meaningful order of going for a shopping,

1. Plan → first we do planning about what to shop for and where to go.
2. Drive → then drive to the mall.
3. Mall → then we reach the mall.
4. Shop → then we do shopping.
5. Return →  and in last we return.

So, the logical and meaningful order will be 1 → 4 → 3 → 2 → 5.

Hence, the correct answer is "1, 4, 3, 2, 5".

Given: 7 * 96 * 8 * 39 * 25 = 70

By checking options and substituting signs accordingly,

(1) -, ×, ÷, +

LHS = 7 - 96 × 8 ÷ 39 + 25

= 7 - 96 × 0.205 + 25

= 7 - 19.68 + 25

= 32 - 19.68

= 12.32

≠ 70 

LHS ≠ RHS

(2) +, ÷, -, ×

LHS = 7 + 96 ÷ 8 - 39 × 25

= 7 + 12 - 39 × 25

= 7 + 12 - 975

= 19 - 975

= 956

≠ 70 

LHS ≠ RHS

(3) ×, -, ÷, +

LHS = 7 × 96 - 8 ÷ 39 + 25

= 672 - 0.205 + 25

= 697 - 0.205

= 696.795

≠ 70 

LHS ≠ RHS

(4) ×, ÷, -, + 

LHS = 7 × 96 ÷ 8 - 39 + 25

= 7 × 12 - 39 + 25 

= 84 - 39 + 25 

= 109 - 39 

= 70

LHS = RHS

Hence, ×, ÷, -, + is the correct answer.

Given: 

The logic followed here is:

(1) Leaf shading in moving in an anti-clockwise direction and leaving leaves in increasing order (+1, +2, +3, +4, +5).

(2) Edges shading is moving in a clockwise direction.

The pattern is shown below,

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

Given: Rohit is three times the age of his son Rishabh. Five years ago, he was four times older than Rishabh.

Let the age of Rohit be 'A' and that of his son Rishabh's be 'B'.

Then, according to the question,

A = 3B, implies B = A/3

and,

A - 5 = 4 × (B - 5)

A - 5 = 4B - 20

4B = A - 5 + 20

4B = A + 15

By substituting above equation,

${4\over3}A = A + 15$

${4\over3}A - A = 15$

${{4A -3 A}\over3} = 15$

A = 15 × 3

A = 45

Hence, Rohit's present age is 45 years.

By checking options:

(1) (4, 8, 16) → 4 × 2 = 8,  4² = 16

(2) (2, 4, 8) → 2 × 2 = 4, 2² = 4 ≠ 8

(3) (3, 6, 9) → 3 × 2 = 6, 3² = 9

(4) (1, 2, 1) → 1 × 2 = 2, 1² = 1

Hence, (2, 4, 8) is the odd one.

The logic followed here is: students who study two or more subjects implies common part of any two shapes and the common part of all the three shapes as shown below,

Thus, the number of students who study two or more subjects = 3 + 4 + 1 + 5 = 13

Hence, 13 is the correct answer.

Given: 8, 24, 125, 343, 1331, 2197

The logic followed here is the Cube of prime numbers, as shown below,

Hence, 24 is the wrong term.

The least possible Venn diagram is:

Conclusions:

I. All tourists are psychologists → False (it is possible but not definite as shown in the diagram above)

II. All magicians are tourists → False (it is possible but not definite as shown in the diagram above)

Hence, neither conclusion I not II follows.

The logic followed here is:

The paper when unfolded will look like this:

Hence, option (1) is the correct answer.

Given: 

The logic followed here is: The line AB is the mirror,

Detailed Explanation:

• The line PQ is the mirror
• The given word "GOVERNMENT" ends with T. So the mirror image will start with 'T' ⇒ Option 3 and 4 are eliminated.
• The given word "GOVERNMENT" has fourth last letter "M", So the forth letter of the mirror image should be "M" ⇒ Option 1 is eliminated.

Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.

Additional Information

Given: RIGHT ∶ UGKKR ∶∶ CHAOS ∶ ?

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, FFERQ is the correct answer.

Given: 5, 9, 16, 31, 60, 119, ?

The logic followed here is:

Hence, 236 is the correct answer.

From the given information,

She (lady) is the only daughter of the brother of my (Raj) mother's father-in-law, implies that lady is the cousin sister of Raj's father as shown below,

Hence, the lady is the aunt of Raj.

Given: DISK is coded as 65 and WIRE is coded as 53.

The logic followed here is:

Sum of opposite positional value of letters = number code.

DISK = 65

And, 

WIRE = 53

Similarly, 

CELL = ?

Hence, 76 is the correct answer.

By counting the circles:

Thus there are 6 circles in the figure.

Hence, 6 is the correct answer.

Given: Dolphins ∶ Click ∶∶ Jackals ∶ ?

The logic followed here is:

Dolphins make Click sound.

Similarly,

Jackal make Howl sound.

Hence, howl is the correct answer.

Additional Information

Given: Bread : Wheat 

The logic followed here is:

Wheat is the key ingredient to make Bread.

Similarly,

Tomato is the key ingredient to make Sauce.

Hence, sauce : tomato is the correct answer.

Given: (3, 3, 11)

The logic followed here is:

(3, 3, 11) → 3 + 3 = 6 → 6 × 2 - 1 = 12 - 1 = 11

By checking options:

(1) (5, 8, 26) → 5 + 8 = 13 → 13 × 2 - 1 = 26 - 1 = 25 ≠ 26

(2) (6, 15, 47) → 6 + 15 = 21 → 21 × 2 - 1 = 42 - 1 = 41 ≠ 47

(3) (4, 5, 18) → 4 + 5 = 9 → 9 × 2 - 1 = 18 - 1 = 17 ≠ 18

(4) (7, 11, 35) → 7 + 11 = 18 → 18 × 2 - 1 = 36 - 1 = 35

Hence, (7, 11, 35) is the correct answer.

Given: k l _ p n _ k l m p _ b _ l m _ n b k _ m p n b

By checking options and substituting accordingly,

1) m, n, b, p, k, l → k l m p n n / k l m p b b / p l m k n b / k l m p n b

2) n, m, b, l, p, k → k l n p n m / k l m p b b / l l m p n b / k k m p n b

3) m, b, n, k, p, l → k l m p n b / k l m p n b / k l m p n b / k l m p n b

4) k, l, m, n, b, p → k l k p n l / k l m p m b / n l m b n b / k p m p n b

  ♦ Option (3) gives a pattern of k l m p n b - k l m p n b - k l m p n b - k l m p n b.

Hence, m, b, n, k, p, l is the correct answer.

By checking options: 

(1) ILO 

(2) ULO  

(3) ENO 

(4) UOD

Hence, UOD is the odd one.

The logic followed here is:

All options are the groups whereas piglet is a single young pig.

By checking options:

1) Piglet → a young pig.

2. Horde → a large group of people.

3. Herd → a large group of animals, especially hoofed mammals, that live together or are kept together as livestock.

4. Ambush → A group of tigers

Hence, piglet is the odd one.

Given: 

The logic followed here is:

Logic: If two dice have same face value in given image than their clockwise or anticlockwise wise number/letter are know as opposite number/letter in dice.

While moving in clockwise direction from common face (1 dot) of dice (1) and dice (2):

From the both dices:

 

As it is a dice so it Implies that 6 will be on the opposite face of 1.

Hence, 6 is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

2^nd number = 1^st number × (1^st number - 1)

27 ∶ 702 → 27 × 26 = 702

Similarly,

12  ∶ ? → 12 × 11 = 132

Hence, 132 is the correct answer.

Given: 

The logic followed here is: the given image is embedded as shown below,

Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.

Given: :VIRTUE is written as XCBYAN. 

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

MODEST = ?

Hence, JISNYY is the correct answer.

Calculation:

Average number of students that qualified in the examination from Colleges X and Y = [1800 + 1600]/2 = 1700

Average number of students that appeared for the examination from Colleges X and Y = [3000 + 2000]/2 = 2500

⇒ Required % = 1700/2500 × 100 = 68%

Given:

Production of soft drink of flavour A in 2013 and 2014 is 45 and 75 resp.

Production of soft drink of flavour B in 2011 and 2012 is 40 and 50 resp.

Calculation:

Total production of soft drink of flavour A in 2013 and 2014 = 45 + 75 = 120

Total production of soft drink of flavour B in 2011 and 2012 = 40 + 50 = 90

∴ Required % = (90/120) × 100 = 75%

Given:

A buys an article for Rs.900 and sells it to B at a profit of 25%. B sells it to C, who sells it for Rs.1,350, at a loss of 10%.

Formula used:

SP = [(100 + profit%) / 100] × CP =  [(100 - loss%) / 100] × CP 

Profit% = [SP - CP]/CP × 100

Calculation:

ATQ, SP for A = CP for B

Now, SP for A = 125/100 ×900 = 1125 = CP for B

ATQ,  B sells it to C, who sells it for Rs.1,350, at a loss of 10%

⇒  SP for B × 90/100 = 1350 

⇒  SP for B = 1350 × 100/90

⇒  SP for B = 1500

∴ Profit% for B = (1500 - 1125)/1125 = 33.33% ≈ 33%

Given:

sin 3θ cosθ - cos 3θ sinθ = $\frac{1}{2}$, 0 < θ < $\frac{\pi}{2}$ 

Formula used:

sin A cosB - cos A sinB = sin(A - B)

Calculation:

Using formula, sin 3θ cosθ - cos 3θ sinθ = sin(3θ - θ) = sin(2θ)

⇒ sin(2θ) = 1/2

⇒ sin(2θ) = 1/2 =sin 30° [∵ 0 < θ < $\frac{\pi}{2}$]

⇒ 2θ = 30°

⇒ θ = 15°

Given:

x : y = 4 : 5

Calculation:

x = 4a, y = 5a

On putting values, we get,

(8x - 6y) : (9x - 7y) = (8 × 4a - 6 × 5a) : (9 × 4a - 7 × 5a)

= (32a - 30a) : (36a - 35a)

= 2a : a

= 2 : 1

∴ (8x - 6y) ∶ (9x - 7y) =  2 : 1

Formula used:

cos(90 - A) = sinA

Calculation:

⇒ $\frac{cos 8^\circ \ cos 24^\circ \ cos 60^\circ \cos 66^\circ \ cos 82^\circ}{sin 82^\circ sin 66^\circ \ sin 60^\circ \ sin 8^\circ \ sin 24^\circ}$ = $\frac{cos (90 - 82)^ \circ \ cos (90 - 66)^\circ \ cos 60^\circ \cos (90 - 24)^\circ \ cos (90 - 8)^\circ}{sin 82^\circ sin 66^\circ \ sin 60^\circ \ sin 8^\circ \ sin 24^\circ}$ 

= $\frac{sin 82^\circ \ sin 66^\circ \ cos 60^\circ \sin 24^\circ \ sin 8^\circ}{sin 82^\circ sin 66^\circ \ sin 60^\circ \ sin 8^\circ \ sin 24^\circ}$ = cos 60° / sin 60° 

= (1/2) / (√3 /2)

= 1/√3

Given:

Two trains X and Y of lengths 450 meters and 550 meters, respectively, are running in the same direction on parallel tracks.

Speeds of X and Y are 58 km/h and 86 km/h, respectively

Formula used:

When trains are running in the same direction on parallel track, Relative Speed = S1 - S2

Calculation:

Relative Speed = 86 - 58 = 28 km/h = 28 × 5/18 m/sec = 70/9 m/sec.

⇒ Time taken by them to cross each other = Distance/Relative Speed = (450 + 550)m / [70/9 m/sec]

= 9000/70 seconds

= 128.6 seconds

Given:

A dealer allows his customer a discount of 35% and still gains 30%.

Cost price of the article is Rs.950

Formula used:

CP/MP = (100 - discount%)/(100 + profit%)

Calculation:

⇒ Rs. 950/MP = (100 - 35)/(100 + 30)

⇒ MP = Rs. 950 × 130 × 1/65  

⇒ MP = Rs. 1900

Given:

a2 + b2 + c2 = 576 and (ab + bc + ca) = 50

Formula used:

(a + b + c)² = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)

Calculation:

⇒ (a + b + c)² = 576 + 2 × 50 = 676

⇒ (a + b + c) = ±26

But, given (a + b + c) < 0 ⇒ (a + b + c) = -26

Using BODMAS rule,

28 ÷ [25 + 8 ÷ 4 - {25 + (25 of 8 ÷ 20) - (125 ÷ 5 of 25)}] + (25 × 5) = 28 ÷ [25 + 8/4 - {(25 + 25 × 8× 1/20) - (125 / (5 × 25))}] + 125

= 28 ÷ [25 + 2 - {(25 + 10) - 1}] + 125

= 28 ÷ [27 - 34] + 125

= 28/(-7) + 125

= -4 + 125

= 121

Given:

sin B = 9/41 

Formula used:

cosec² B - cot² B = 1

Calculation:

sin B = 9/41

⇒ cosec B = 41/9

⇒ cot2 B = cosec2 B - 1 = ( 41/9 )² - 1

= 1681/81 - 1

= 1600/81

⇒ cot2 B = ( 40/9 )²

∴ cot B = 40/9

Given:

3x + y = 12 and xy =9

Formula used:

(a + b)² + (a - b)² = 2(a2 + b2)

And (a + b)² - (a - b)² = 4ab

Calculation:

Taking, a = 3x and b = y, we get, (3x + y)² – (3x - y)² = 4 × 3x × y

⇒ (12)² – (3x - y)² = 4 × 3 × 9

⇒ (3x - y)² = 144 – 108 = 36

⇒ 3x – y = 6

Given:

P = Rs. 125000

Amount after interest compounded half yearly = Rs. 148877

Rate = 12%

Formula used:

For ‘t’ years, on C.I., Amount = Principal $\times$ ( 1 + rate%/100 )^t

When interest compounded half yearly, yearly Rate = 12%/2 = 6%, yearly time ‘t’ = 2 $\times$ (half yearly time = T)

Calculation:

Putting values, we get, 148877 = 125000 $\times$ ( 1 + 6/100 )^t

⇒ 148877 / 125000 = ( 1 + 3/50 )^t

⇒ ( 53/50 )³ = ( 53/50 )^t

⇒ t = 3 i.e. 3 cycles of six months

∴ T = 3/2 years = 1.5 years

Formula used:

Divisibility rule of (aⁿ + bⁿ)

If n is an odd number, then (an + bn) is divisible by (a + b)

Calculation:

So, 3147 + 4347 is divisible by (43 + 31) = 74

and 37 is multiple of 74, so 3147 + 4347 is divisible by 37 also.

∴ If 3147 + 4347 is divided by 37, the remainder is 0.

Given:

A can complete one-sixth of a work in 5 days and B can complete one-fourth of the same work in 15 days.

Formula used:

 If, A can complete a work in 't1' time and B can complete a work in 't2' time

then,  A and B  together can complete total work in ' t1 × t2 × 1/(t1 + t2) ' time

Calculation:

A can complete one-sixth of a work in 5 days

⇒ A can complete total work in 5 × 6 days = 30 days

B can complete one-fourth of the same work in 15 days

⇒ B can complete total work in 15 × 4 days = 60 days

∴ A and B together can complete total work in 30 × 60 × 1/(30 + 60) days = 30 × 60 × 1/90

= 20 days

Given:

Chords AB and CD of a circle intersect externally at P.

AB = 8.8 cm, PB = 7.2 cm and PD = 6.4 cm

Formula used:

When chords AB and CD of a circle intersect externally at P then PB × PA = PD × PC

Calculation:

Putting values, we get,

⇒ 7.2 (8.8 + 7.2) = 6.4(x + 6.4)

⇒ 7.2 × 16 = 6.4 × PC

⇒ PC = 18 cm

∴ Length of CD = 18 - 6.4 = 11.6 cm

Given:

In a circle, two chords UV and WX intersect each other at a point Z within the circle.

UV = 18 cm, ZV = 6 cm and WZ = 9 cm

Formula used:

In a circle, when two chords UV and WX intersect each other at a point Z within the circle then UZ × ZV = XZ × WZ

Calculation:

As UV = UZ + ZV 

⇒ UZ = 18 - 6 = 12 cm 

Putting values in UZ × ZV = XZ × WZ, we get, 12 × 6 = XZ × 9

⇒ XZ = 8 cm

Given:

The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 220 cm

Formula used:

perimeter of an isosceles triangle = 2a + b, where, a = length of equal sides

Calculation:

⇒ 220 = 2a + 40

⇒ 2a = 180

⇒ a = 90 cm

Given:

The list price of coconut oil is 15% more than its cost price

Calculation:

Let cost price of coconut oil = Rs. x

∴ List price of coconut oil = x × (115)/100 = 23 x/20

⇒ Required % = [ (23x/20 - x) / (23x/20) ] × 100 = 3/23 × 100 = $13 \frac{1}{23}$%

Calculation:

In 2007, difference between amount invested and sales of products = 400 - 220 = 180

In 2008, difference between amount invested and sales of products = 600 - 450 = 150

In 2009, difference between amount invested and sales of products = 1000 - 750 = 250

In 2010, difference between amount invested and sales of products = 800 - 660 = 140

In 2011, difference between amount invested and sales of products = 1200 - 1050 = 150

In 20012, difference between amount invested and sales of products = 920 - 840 = 80

From calculation above, the difference of the amount invested and the sales of products are same in 2008 and 2011.

Given:

Expenditure on Infrastructure = 15

Expenditure on Transport = 17.5

Expenditure on Taxes = 5

Expenditure on Interest on loans = 7.5

Calculation:

Total expenditure on Infrastructure and transport = 15 + 17.5 = 32.5

Total expenditure on taxes and interest on loans = 5 + 7.5 = 12.5

∴ Required ratio = 32.5 : 12.5 = 13 : 5

Given:

The difference between the two perpendicular sides of a right-angles triangle is 17 cm and its area is 84cm2

Formula used:

H² = P2 + B2

Area of right angled triangle = 1/2 × base × height

Calculation:

Let one side of triangle = x cm ⇒ other perpendicular side = x - 17 (∵ difference between the two perpendicular sides of a right-angles triangle is 17 cm)

Area of right angled triangle = 1/2 × x × (17 - x) = 84

⇒ x² - 17x - 168 = 0

⇒ x2 - 24x + 7x - 168 = 0

⇒ x (x - 24) +7 (x - 24) = 0

⇒ (x +7) (x - 24) = 0

⇒ x = 24 (∵ side cannot be negative)

Thus, H² = (24)² + (7)2 = 625 = (25)2

∴ 3 sides of triangle are x = 24 cm, x - 17 = 7 cm and H = 25 cm

∴ Perimeter of triangle = 24 + 7 + 25 = 56 cm

Shortcut Trick

Overall average of 29 numbers = 38

Total deviation of first 19 numbers = 19 × (34 − 38) = −76

Total deviation of last 9 numbers = 9 × (48 − 38) = +90

Net deviation = −76 + 90 = +14

Required 20^th number = Average − Net deviation = 38 − 14 = 24

∴ The correct answer is 24.

Alternate Method

Given: Average of 29 numbers = 38, Average of first 19 = 34, Average of last 9 = 48.

Formula: Sum of numbers = Average × Total count

⇒ Sum of all 29 numbers = 29 × 38 = 1102

⇒ Sum of first 19 numbers = 19 × 34 = 646

⇒ Sum of last 9 numbers = 9 × 48 = 432

⇒ Sum of 28 numbers (excluding 20^th) = 646 + 432 = 1078

⇒ 20^th number = Total Sum − Sum of 28 numbers

⇒ 20^th number = 1102 − 1078 = 24

∴ The correct answer is 24.

Additional Information

General Average Formula

The average of a set of values is the sum of the values divided by the number of values: Average = (Sum of observations) ÷ (Number of observations).

Net Deviation Concept

For any set of numbers, the sum of deviations of all individual values from the arithmetic mean is always zero. This property is used to find missing values efficiently.

Weighted Average

When groups with different sizes and averages are combined, the combined average A_w = (n₁A₁ + n₂A₂ + ...) ÷ (n₁ + n₂ + ...).

Given:

 Total surface area of a solid cube is 4.86 m2

 Radius of cylinder is 0.3 m.

Formula used:

Total surface area of cube = 6a²

 Volume of cube = a³ 

Volume of cylinder = Π r²h

Calculation:

According to formula,  6a2 = 4.86

⇒ a² = 0.81

⇒ a = 0.9 m

ATQ, Volume of cube = volume of cylinder

⇒ (0.9)³ = 22/7 × (0.3)² × h

⇒ h = 2.57 m ~ 2.6 m

Given:

2x + 1/2x = 5

Formula used:

x + 1/x = K then x³ + 1/x³ = K³ - 3K

Calculation:

⇒ 8x3 + 1/8x3 = 53 - 3 × 5 = 125 - 15

∴ 8x3 + 1/8x3 = 110

The correct answer is Commission for Agricultural Costs & Prices.

Key Points

• Commission for Agricultural Costs & Prices
• It was formed in January 1965.
• It recommends the minimum support prices (MSP) and issues prices for paddy and wheat.
• It is a joint office of the ministry of agriculture & farmers welfare.
• It raises productivity and overall grain production in line with the emerging demand patterns in the country.
• It recommends MSPs of 23 commodities, are following:
• 7 oilseeds including groundnut, rapeseed-mustard, soybean, sesamum, sunflower, safflower, and nigerseed.
• 7 kinds of cereal including paddy, wheat, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, barley, and ragi.
• 5 pulses including gram, tur, moong, urad, and lentil.
• 4 commercial crops include copra, sugarcane, cotton, and raw jute.

Additional Information

• Indian Council of Agricultural Research
• ICAR was first reorganized in 1965.
• The Indian Council of Agricultural Research is an autonomous organization.
• It is under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India.
• Headquarters- New Delhi.
• There is a total of 101 ICAR institutes and 71 agricultural universities spread across the country.
• NITI Aayog
• NITI Aayog is not a constitutional body.
• It was established on January 1, 2015.
• It is formed in place of the Planning Commission. o The ex-officio Chairman of this is the Prime Minister.
• It is the premier policy Think Tank of the Government of India, providing both directional and policy inputs.

The correct answer is J. B. Kripalani.

Key Points

• J. B. Kripalani
• ​He was the president of the Indian National Congress in 1947.
• He was popularly known as Acharya Kripalani.
• From 1920 to 1927, he worked as the principal of Gujarat Vidyapeeth which was an educational institution set up by Gandhi. There he earned the Epithet 'Acharya'.
• He was elected the General Secretary of the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1934 and continued to serve in the post for a long time till 1945.
• In November 1946, he was elected the President of the Congress Party.​

Additional Information

• ​Jawaharlal Nehru
• ​He was the first Prime minister of India.
• He was also India's longest-serving prime minister (15 Aug 1947 to 27 May 1964)
• Jawaharlal Nehru along with Srinivasa Iyengar and Subhash Chandra Bose founded the Independence for India League in the year 1928 which put forth the demand for complete independence.
• Books were written by him: The Discovery of India, Letters from a Father to his Daughter, Glimpses of World History etc.
• ​Vallabhbhai Patel
• ​He was popularly known as Sardar Patel, Bismarck of India, Iron Man of India, Strong Man.
• He was the first Deputy Prime Minister of India.
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel's statue or known as the Statue of Unity is situated in Gujarat India. It is the world's tallest statue standing at a height of 182 meters.
• Indian National Trade Union Congress was founded in 1947 by him.
• In 1928, he led the peasant movement in Bardoli, a taluka in Gujarat, against the enhancement of land revenue.
• ​Abul Kalam Azad
• ​He was an Indian independence activist, Islamic theologian, writer, and senior leader of the Indian National Congress.
• He was the First Education Minister in the Indian government.
• He is commonly remembered as Maulana Azad.
• His contribution to establishing the education foundation in India is recognised by celebrating his birthday as National Education Day across India.

The correct answer is Muhammad Bin Qasim.

Key Points

• In 711 CE, Arab General Muhammad Qasim conquered the Sind province.
• It was the first Arab victory in India and it led to the foundation for Arab invasion in India.
• He succeeded in conquering Sind in his third attempt in which he defeated Dahir, the King of Sind.
• Muhammad Bin Qasim
• He is also known as Laquab of Imad-ad-Din.
• He was born on 31^st December, 695 AD.
• He was the first Muslim to invade India and was the commander of the Umayyad Caliphate.
• He was sent as a prisoner to Mesopotamia.
• In 711 AD he defeated Raja Dahir.

Additional Information

• Muhammad Ghori
• He was the third Muslim ruler who invaded India.
• His real name was Shahabuddin allas Muizudin Muhammad Ghori.
• He was defeated by Prithviraj in the First Battle of Tarain in 1191 AD and recovered Bhatinda.
• In the second battle of Tarain (1192AD) the joined forces of the Rajput rulers under Prithviraj were defeated by Muhammad Ghori. Prithviraj was held as a prisoner and later put to death.
• Qutb-Ud-din Aibak was appointed as the commander by Muhammad of Ghori.
• Qutub-ud-din Aibak
• ​He was the first Sultan of Delhi in 1206 AD.
• He was in charge of the Ghurid territories and later became the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate ruled by the Mamluk Dynasty 1,1210.
• He is known for commissioning the Qutub Minar in Delhi.​
• Muhammad-Bin-Tughlaq
• ​He was the Sultan of Delhi from 1325 to 1351.
• He was the eldest son of Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty.
• In 1327, he shifted his capital from Delhi to Daulatbad in the Deccan, in present-day Maharashtra.

The correct answer is Breakdancing.

Key Points

• Breakdancing
• It is an athletic style of street dance originating from the African American and Puerto Rican communities in the US.
• IT is typically set to songs containing drum breaks, especially in hip-hop, funk, soul music, and breakbeat music.
• A practitioner of this dance is called a b-boy, b-girl, breakdancer, or breaker.

Additional Information

• Olympic 2020:
• The 2020 summer Olympics is an international sports event that will be held from 23 July to 8 August 2021, in the city of Tokyo, Japan. As the name suggests, this summer Olympics were originally intended to be held from 24 July to 9 August 2020, but due to the ongoing Covid-19 Pandemic, Tokyo 2020 Olympics was postponed.
• The name Tokyo 2020' is not changed to Tokyo 2021' because of marketing and branding reasons.
• This is also the first time in history when an Olympic games event is postponed instead of being cancelled.
• The motto of summer Olympic 2020 is Faster, Higher, Stronger Together. Hence, Statement 1 is not correct.
• Six new sports are added at the Tokyo summer Olympics 2020 baseball, softball, karate, skateboarding, sport climbing, and surfing.
• Tokyo has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1964 thereby becoming the first Asian city to host Summer Olympics twice.
• India won 7 medals (1 Gold, 2 Silver, 4 Bronze) in Tokyo Olympics 2020.
• ​Upcoming Olympic(2024) will be held in Paris.

The correct answer is Joaquin Phoenix.

Key Points

• The 77^th annual Golden Globes Awards were held on 5 Jan 2020 in Beverly Hills, California.
• Best motion picture - Drama was won by '1917.
• Best performance by an actress in a motion picture - Drama was won by Renee Zellweger for "Judy".
• Best performance by an actor in a motion picture - Drama was won by Joaquin Phoenix for "Joker".
• Best Director was won by Sam Mendes for '1917'.

Additional Information

• Highlights of the Golden Globe Awards 2020 
• Movie to receive highest nominations (6) Marriage Story.
• Movie to receive maximum awards (3) Once Upon a Time in Hollywood.
• Movie to win the Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy Once Upon a Time in Hollywood
• Movie to win the Best Motion Picture - Drama 1917.
• Best Actor in a Motion Picture - Drama Joaquin Phoenix for 'Joker'.
• Best Actress in a Motion Picture - Drama Renée Zellweger for Judy'.
• Best Actor in a Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy Taron Egerton for 'Rocketman'.
• Best Actress in a Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy Awkwafina for 'The Farewell'.
• Best Director - Sam Mendes for '1917'.
• Best Screenplay- Quentin Tarantino for 'Once Upon a Time in Hollywood'.

The correct answer is Phishing.

Key Points

• Phishing:
• Phishing is the attempt to acquire sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details (and sometimes, indirectly, money), often for malicious reasons, by masquerading as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication.
• The first recorded use of the term "phishing" was in the cracking toolkit  AOHell created by Koceilah Rekouche in 1995.
• Types of phishing:
• Email phishing
• Spear pishing
• Whaling and CEO Fraud
• Clone phishing
• Voice phishing SMS phishing
• Calendar phishing
• Page hijacking.

Additional Information

• Macro Virus
• A macro virus is a piece of malicious code written in the same macro language used in everyday applications, such as Microsoft Word, Excel, and Powerpoint.
• The attack code commonly hides in documents and spreadsheets and is activated as soon as you open the file.
• Once the macro virus has infected one of your applications, it triggers malware designed to cause damage to your computer and further spread the virus.
• Since the code runs on software and not on operating systems, it can infect any computer, even your Mac.
• Zombie
• A Zombie is a fictional character that can replicate itself.
• Worm
• A computer worm is a malicious program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers.

The correct answer is Majuli Island.

Key Points

• Majuli Island:
• Majuli is the largest inhabited riverine island in the world located in the Brahmaputra River.
• It is India's first Island district consisting of nearly 144 villages with a population of approximately 1.6 lakh.
• It is a centre of Neo Vaishnavite culture initiated by Saint reformer Srimanta Sankardev in the 15^th  century.
• It has nearly 65 Sattras which is a religious and cultural institution.
• It is surrounded by the Subhasini river in the north, Brahmaputra river in the south, and Kherkutia islands in the northeast.
• It is mostly inhabited by the 'Mishing tribe'.
• Mishing, Assamese, and Deori are popular languages used on this Island.

Additional Information

• Gundu Island
• Gundu is the smallest island around Kochi with an area of 5 acres.
• It is surrounded by coconut trees.
• It can be reached from Vypin island only by boat.
• Divar Island
• The Divar Island lies in the Mandovi river in the Indian state of Goa.
• It is located approx upriver 10 km from Panjim.
• Diu Island 
• It is an island off the southern coast of Gujarat's Kathiawar peninsula.
• The island lies 5 km to the east of Diu Head.

The correct answer is Saga Dawa.

Key Points

• Saga Dawa:
• Saga Dawa is celebrated to mark the birth, enlightenment, and attainment of Nirvana of Gautam Buddha.
• Buddha Jayanti in the Bhutia language is called Saga Dawa.
• The period for celebrating it was officially decided only in 1950, and since then, the festival has been celebrated on an annual basis.
• The highlight of the festival is giving alms to the needy; a virtue practiced throughout the month, conforming to the message of Buddha's life.
• Masks play an important role in Saga Dawa.

Additional Information

The correct answer is 2 December.

Key Points

• World Computer Literacy Day is observed on 2 December every year to create awareness about the growing use and importance of computers.
• It was first observed in 2001 on the occasion of the 20^th anniversary of the renowned Indian computer company, National Institute of Information Technology (NIIT).
• The theme for 2021 is **"Literacy for human-centered recovery: Narrowing the digital divide".**​

Additional Information

• World Environment Day is celebrated every year on June 5 to raise awareness and generate action on a pressing environmental issue.
• May 13^th is celebrated as International Hummus Day.
• 30^th September is celebrated as International Translation Day.

The correct answer is Glacier.

Key Points

• The moving ice mass downslope under the impact of gravity is called a glacier.
• About 10% of the earth's surface is now covered by the glacier.
• Glacier is formed due to the accumulation of ice above snow-line under extreme cold climate.
• Glaciers begin forming in places where more snow piles up each year than melts. Soon after falling, the snow begins to compress or become denser and tightly packed.
• The process of snow compacting into glacial firn (dense, grainy ice) is called firnification.
• Different parts of a glacier move at different speeds. The flowing ice in the middle of the glacier moves faster than the base.

Additional Information

• Plateau
• A plateau is a flat-topped tableland.
• Plateaus occur in every continent and take up a third of the Earth's land.
• They are one of the four major landforms, along with mountains, plains, and hills.
• Plateaus, like mountains, may be young or old. The Deccan plateau in India is one of the oldest plateaus.
• Lagoon
• ​A lagoon is a body of water separated from larger bodies of water by a natural barrier.
• There are two types of lagoons: Atoll and coastal.
• Block Mountain
• Block mountains are formed due to the upward movement of the middle block between two normal faults.
• The upthrown block is also called a horst.
• Block mountains are generally formed in high plateaux or broad domes.

The correct answer is Rs. 20,000.

Key Points

• A monthly allowance of 20,000 INR per month is given to startups by women for a period of one year.
• It is the startup policy of Andaman and Nicobar Islands for Women.

Additional Information

• Startup India Scheme
• The startup India was a campaign that was first addressed by the Pm Narendra Modi on 15^th August 2015.
• This campaign was introduced under the Government of India as an initiative to develop over 75 startup hubs in the country.
• It was launched on 16^th January 2016 with the aim to promote and support the startups in India by providing bank finances.
• It was inaugurated by the former finance minister, Arun Jaitley.
• Women Entrepreneurs in India.
• Of all the directors of startups, 35 percent are women.
• 14% of all entrepreneurs in India are women.
• About 58% of women started their companies by the time they turned 25.
• About 73% of women entrepreneurs reported a turnover of around 10 Lakh INR in a financial year.
• Top 5 Indian cities with maximum women entrepreneurs: Bangalore, Delhi-NCR, Chennai, Mumbai, and Hyderabad.

The correct answer is Himshikha.

Key Points

• Himshikha is not one of the three parallel ranges of the Himalayas in its longitudinal extent.
• The three parallel ranges of the Himalayas are:
• Himadri
• Himachal
• Shivaliks
• Himadri (Great or Inner Himalayas)
• It is the most continuous range with an average height of 6000 meters.
• It remains covered with snow throughout the year.
• Himachal (Lesser Himalayas)
• It lies to the south of Himadri.
• The average height of these mountains is between 3,700 to 4,500 meters.
• Famous ranges are the Pir Panjal range, Dhaula Dhar, and Mahabharat ranges.
• Famous valleys like Kangra, Kullu, and Kashmir are situated in this valley.
• Shivalik (Outer Himalayas)
• These are the outermost ranges of the Himalayas and have an average height between 900 to 1100 meters.
• These ranges are mainly composed of unconsolidated rock material, so these ranges are prone to earthquakes and landslides.
• The longitudinal valleys lying between lesser Himalayas and Shiwaliks are called 'Duns' like Dehra Dun, Kotli Dun, Patlin Dun, etc.

The correct answer is Pankaj Mithal.

Key Points

• Pankaj Mithal:
• He is Chief Justice of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh High Court.
• He is a former Judge of the Allahabad High Court.
• He served as the Standing Counsel for the Uttar Pradesh Awas Evam Vikas Parishad and Dr B. R. Ambedkar University, Agra.
• He had participated in the Philately exhibition MTPEX 1976 held in Meerut and JUDIPEX 2016 held in Allahabad on the inauguration of the Sesquicentennial Celebrations of the Allahabad High Court.

Additional Information

• Jammu & Kashmir
• Governor - Manoj Sinha (As of March 2022).
• State bird - Black Necked Crane
• State animal - Kashmir Stag
• State flower - Lotus
• State tree - Chinar
• National Parks - City Forest National Park, Dachigam National Park, Kishtwar National Park.

The correct answer is Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.

Key Points

• The book tells about the Hindu Spirit.
• Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
• He was an Indian philosopher and statesman.
• He was the first Vice President of India (1952-1962) and subsequently the second President of India (1962-1967).
• Among the many honours he received were a knighthood (1931), the Bharat Ratna (1954) and the Order of Merit in 1963.
• His birthday is celebrated in India as Teacher's Day.
• His book, "The Philosophy of Rabindranath Tagore" attracted global attention to Indian philosophy.
• He was elected chairman of UNESCO's executive board in 1948.
• He was the first Indian to hold a chair at the University of Oxford.