SSC CGL 2020 Tier-I Official Paper (Held On : 16 Aug 2021 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed here is:

Detailed Explanation:

• The line MN is the mirror
• The given word "Mvtkrdf" ends with f. So the mirror image will start with f. ⇒ Option 3 is eliminated.
• The "f" in option 2 is a water image. ⇒ Option 2 is eliminated.
• The "t" in option 4 is a water image. ⇒ Option 4 is eliminated.

Hence, option (1) is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is: by opening folds one by one,

Hence, option (4) is the correct answer.

By checking options,

(1) NPSV

(2) QTWZ

(3) XADG

(4) BEHK

Hence, NPSV is the odd one.

Given: b _ c e _ k b _ c _ f k b b _ e f _ b b c _ f k

By checking options,

(1) b, f, b, e, c, e, k → b b c e f k - b b c e f k - b b c e f e - b b c k f k

(2) b, e, b, f, c, k, e → b b c e e k - b b c f f k - b b c e f k - b b c e f k

(3) b, f, b, e, c, k, e → b b c e f k - b b c e f k - b b c e f k - b b c e f k

• Here, 'bbcefk' is repeated

(4) b, f, b, c, e, k, e → b b c e f k - b b c c f k - b b e e f k - b b c e f k

Only options (3) b, f, b, e, c, k, e forms pattern when substituted.

Hence, b, f, b, e, c, k, e is the correct answer.

Given: (7, 21, 49)

The logic follows here is:

(7, 21, 49) → 7 × 3 = 21 and 7 × 7 = 49

Now, by checking every option,

(1) (6, 18, 36) → 6 × 3 = 18 and 6 × 6 = 36

(2) (8, 24, 64) → 8 × 3 = 24 and 8 × 8 = 64

(3) (5, 15, 25) → 5 × 3 = 15 and 5 × 5 = 25

(4) (9, 27, 72) → 9 × 3 = 27 and 9 × 9 = 81 ≠ 72

Hence, (9, 27, 72) is the correct answer.

Alternate Method

1. (7, 21, 49) → 7 × 7 = 49 → third term is a square
2. Only in option 4, the third term 72 is not a square.

Hence, (9, 27, 72) is the correct answer.

Mistake Points

• Note that the question says we have to look for an option that is NOT similar.

According to the question,

X × (X + 1) = 1260

X² + X - 1260 = 0

By solving the above equation we get,

X = 35 and - 36

⇒ X = 35 (as X is a positive number)

And,

X + Y = 106

⇒ Y = 106 - X

Y = 106 - 35

Y = 71

Hence, 71 is the correct answer.

By counting the triangles,

Triangles are → ABC, DEF, ADC, DBC, DEM, DMF, EIK, LJF, KMC, LMC, KLC, ADI, JDB, IDC, and DCJ → 15 triangles.

Hence, 15 is the correct answer.

Alternate MethodBy counting the triangles,

 

Hence, 15 is the correct answer.

Given: 36 * 14 * 63 * 9 * 11 * (6 * 3) * 90

By substituting the signs option wise:

(1) -, +, ÷, ×, -, +, = → 36 - 14 + 63 ÷ 9 × 11 - (6 + 3) = 90

LHS = 36 - 14 + 63 ÷ 9 × 11 - (6 + 3)

= 22 + 77 - 9

= 99 - 9

= 90 

LHS = RHS

(2) -, +, ÷, ×, =, -, + → 36 - 14 + 63 ÷ 9 × 11 = (6 - 3) + 90

LSH = 36 - 14 + 63 ÷ 9 × 11

= 22 + 77

= 99

RHS = (6 - 3) + 90

= 3 + 90 

= 93

LHS ≠ RHS

(3) -, +, ×, ÷, -, +, = → 36 - 14 + 63 × 9 ÷ 11 - (6 + 3) = 90

LHS = 36 - 14 + 63 × 9 ÷ 11 - (6 + 3)

= 22 + 567 ÷ 11 - 9

= 22 + 51.54 - 9 

= 64.54

≠ 90

LHS ≠ RHS

(4) +, -, ÷, ×, =, -, + → 36 + 14 - 63 ÷ 9 × 11 = (6 - 3) + 90

LHS = 36 + 14 - 63 ÷ 9 × 11

= 50 - 77 

= - 27

RHS = (6 - 3) + 90

= 3 + 90

= 93

LSH ≠ RHS

Hence, -, +, ÷, ×, -, +, = is the correct answer.

Given: BOARD, BOARW, BOAIW, ?, BLZIW, YLZIW

The logic followed here is:

• one letter starting from the last letter of the word BOARD is changed to its opposite letter in each step as shown below,

Hence, BOZIW is the correct answer.

Given: 

The logic followed here is: 

1. The last symbol comes in the front, in each figure. Every other element moves one step towards the right.
2. All the other symbols (except the one that comes in front) are rotated 180° in each step.

Therefore, in the answer figure, the arrow with a triangular head should come in front and all the other symbols should be rotated 180°.

Thus, the final series is as follows,

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

Given: ‘AND’ is written as ‘C-LP-F’ and ‘NOR’ is coded as ‘P-MQ-T’.

The logic followed here is:

And,

Similarly,

Hence, D-SW-V is the correct answer.

Given: 21 ∶ 445 ∶∶ 24 ∶ ?

The logic followed here is: 

21 : 445 → 21 × 21 + 4 = 441 + 4 = 445

Similarly,

24 : ? → 24 × 24 + 4 = 576 + 4 = 580

Hence, 580 is the correct answer.

Given: Awful ∶ Nice ∶∶ Nomadic ∶ ?

The logic follows here is:

Awful is the antonym of Nice.

Similarly, 

Nomadic is the antonym of Settled.

Important PointsAwful → very bad or unpleasant.

Nomadic → living the life of a nomad; wandering.

Nocturnal → done, occurring, or active at night.

Settled → If you have a settled way of life, you stay in one place, in one job, or with one person, rather than moving around or changing

Hence, settled is the correct answer.

Arranging all the words as per their order in the dictionary:

1. Success
2. Succumb
3. Suction
4. Surprise
5. Surreal
6. Surrogate

Hence, 1, 3, 4, 6, 2, 5 is the correct order.

The least possible Venn diagram is:

Conclusions:

I. Some girls are talented → True (as some girls are dancers and all dancers are talented, implies some girls who are dancers are talented too)

II. All talented are girls → False (it is possible but not definite as shown in the diagram above)

III. All girls are talented → False (it is possible but not definite as shown in the diagram above)

Hence, only conclusion I follows.

Additional Information

Given: 'SAFETY' is coded as '80' and 'EXPAND' is coded as '68'. 

The logic followed here is:

• Sum of positional values + no. of consonants in the word

Number of consonants = 4

Now, 76 + 4 = 80

Number of consonants = 4 

Now, 64 + 4 = 68

Similarly,

Number of consonants = 4

Now, 59 + 4 = 63

Hence, 63 is the correct answer.

Given: (16, 12, 32)

The logic follows here is:

(16, 12, 32) → (16, 16 ÷ 4 × 3 = 4 × 3 = 12, 12 × 3 - 4 = 36 - 4 = 32)

By checking options,

(1) (20, 15, 42) → (20, 20 ÷ 4 × 3 = 5 × 3 = 15, 15 × 3 - 4 = 45 - 4 = 41 ≠ 42)

(2) (76, 57, 176) → (76, 76 ÷ 4 × 3 = 19 × 3 = 57, 57 × 3 - 4 = 171 - 4 = 166 ≠ 176)

(3) (56, 24, 68) → (56, 56 ÷ 4 × 3 = 14 × 3 = 42 ≠ 24, 42 × 3 - 4 = 126 - 4 = 122 ≠ 68)

(4) (36, 27, 77) → (36, 36 ÷ 4 × 3 = 9 × 3 = 27, 27 × 3 - 4 = 81 - 4 = 77)

Hence, (36, 27, 77) is the correct answer.

Alternate Method

The logic followed here is:

(16, 12, 32) 

16 - (16 / 4) = 16 - 4 = 12

⇒ 12 = 12 × 3 - 4 = 36 - 4 = 32

Similarly, 

4) (36, 27, 72)

36 - (36 / 4) = 36 - 9 = 27

⇒ 27 = 27 × 3 - 4 = 81 - 4 = 77

Hence, (36, 27, 77) is the correct answer.

Given: 37, 52, 74, 104, 143, ?

The logic follows here is:

Hence, 192 is the correct answer.

Given: Dentist ∶ Hospital

The logic followed here is:

A dentist works in a Hospital.

Similarly, 

A professor teaches in a University.

Hence, professor : university is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is:

All sluggish, lethargic, and torpid are synonyms of lazy.

Whereas,

Vivacious is not a synonym of lazy.

Important Points(1) Vivacious → attractively lively and animated (typically used of a woman).

(2) Sluggish → slow-moving or inactive.

(3) Lethargic → affected by lethargy; sluggish and apathetic.

(4) Torpid → mentally or physically inactive; lethargic.

Hence, vivacious is the odd one.

Given: 

The logic followed here is: The above image is hidden as follows:

Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.

The opposite faces are:

Hence, I is the face opposite the face A.

The pattern followed here is:

• The difference between the numbers in each pair is 1234.

Let's check each option:

1. 5237 : 4003 → 5237 - 4003 = 1234
2. 4327 : 2003 → 4327 - 2003 = 2324
3. 3527 : 2293 → 3527 - 2293 = 1234
4. 2347 : 1113 → 2347 - 1113 = 1234

Hence, 4327 : 2003 is the odd one.

The logic follows here is: 

Therefore, the number of families who have visited at least two of the places = 22 + 7 + 5 + 15 =

= 49 

Hence, 49 is the correct answer.

Mistake Points

• "at least two places" means "two or more places". So, three places should also be included to obtain the final answer.

From the given information,

She (girl) is my (Raghav) father's mother's daughter's only brother's daughter, implies Raghav's father is the father of that girl. Therefore, the final family tree is as follows,

Hence, Raghav's father is the husband of the mother of girl.

The correct answer is Biswajit Chatterjee.

Key Points

• Biswajit Chatterjee won the 'Indian Personality of the Year Award' during the 51st International Film Festival.
• He is a veteran actor, producer, director and singer of Hindi and Bengali cinema.
• He is known for his roles of Kumar Vijay Singh in Bees Saal Baad, Raja Amit Kumar Singh in musical drama Kohra, etc.
• The 51st International Film Festival of India was held from 16 to 24 January 2021 in Goa.
• Some of the winners of awards-
• Golden Peacock Award:  Into the Darkness
• Best Debut Director Award: Cássio Pereira dos Santos, Valentina
• ICFT UNESCO Gandhi Award: Ameen Nayfeh’s 200 Meters
• Lifetime Achievement Award: Vittorio Storaro
• IFFI Best Actor Award (Male): Tzu-Chuan Liu, film Silent Forest
• IFFI Best Actor Award (Female): Zofia Stafiej for Polish film I Never Cry

The correct answer is 1875.

Key Points

• In 1875, the revolt in the countryside of the Bombay Deccan occurred.
• In the Bombay Deccan region, the British had introduced the Ryotwari settlement as the system of land revenue.
• Under this system, the revenue of land was fixed on a yearly basis.
• ​The revolt of the Bombay Deccan region
• The uprising began at Supa village in the district of Poona.
• In 1875, farmers attacked a marketplace where many moneylenders lived.
• They burnt account books and looted grain shops. They also torched the houses of people who were both traders and moneylenders.
• The farmers’ main motive was to destroy the account books of the moneylenders and they resorted to violence only when these books were not handed over to them.
• The movement also got support from the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha co-founded by M G Ranade.
• Accordingly, the Deccan Riots Commission was set up which presented a report to the British Parliament in 1878.
• In 1879, the Agriculturists Relief Act was passed which ensured that the farmers could not be arrested and imprisoned if they were unable to pay their debts.

The correct answer is Om Birla.

Key Points

• As of 26th January 2021, Om Birla is the speaker of Lok Sabha since 19 June 2019.
• OM Birla was unanimously elected Speaker of the 17th Lok Sabha.
• The Opposition did not field any candidate for the Speaker's post and the motion moved by PM Modi to choose the Kota-Bundi MP as Speaker was adopted by a voice vote.

Important Points

• As per Article 93 of the Indian Constitution, the Lok Sabha has a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker.
• The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha.
• The Speaker can be removed from office only on a resolution of the Lok Sabha passed by the absolute majority. It is also mandatory to give a minimum of 14 days' notice of the intention to move the resolution.
• The vote of the Speaker is called “Casting Vote” as it is cast in case of a tie in the number of votes.
• The first speaker of Lok Sabha was Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar.
• The first female speaker of Lok Sabha is Meira Kumar.

The correct answer is painting.

Key Points

• ‘Jadopatiya’ is a form of painting, popular in the state of Jharkhand.
• The Jadupatua paintings of the Santhal tribes are vertical scroll paintings that were performed on cloth in earlier days but later these paintings were done on papers.
• The scrolls were made up of sheets of paper that were either glued together or sewn together and a piece of old cloth or calico was sewn to the end of the scroll to protect the paper from damage.
• The stories in paintings are depicted in a series of simple clear-cut images in panels divided by horizontal bands.
• Seven themes of the scroll paintings made by jadupatuas in the Santal Parganas are :
• Life in Death’s kingdom
• The story of the creation of the Santals as preserved in Santal tradition
• The Santal festival of Bahajatras
• Mass meetings of the Santals for dance
• The personification of Santal clans
• A tiger or leopard often with a human rider
• Finally, the adventures of Krishna with the milkmaid.
• Other folk paintings of Jharkhand-Paitkar, Jadopatia Paintings, Sohrai Art, Kohver Art, Ganju Art, Kurmi Art, Mundas Art, Turi art, Ghatwal art.

The correct answer is Education.

Key Points

• There are six fundamental rights enshrined in Part III (Articles 12 to 35) of the constitution of India.
• Fundamental rights apply universally to all citizens, irrespective of race, birthplace, religion, caste or gender.
• Article 21A of the Constitution of India provides the Right to Education.
• The RTE Act of the Parliament of India was enacted on 4 August 2009 and came into force on 1 April 2010.
• The Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right.

Additional Information

• The Fundamental Rights enshrined in the Constitution are-

The correct answer is West Bengal.

Key Points

• ‘Swasthya Sathi’ scheme is the health insurance scheme that covers the entire population of West Bengal.
• A State level Implementation Committee (SLIC) under the chairmanship of the Chief Secretary was formed to oversee the scheme and there is a registered society named “Swasthya Sathi Samiti” for monitoring the scheme.
• The scheme was officially launched by Hon’ble CM of West Bengal on 30th December 2016.
• Some of the features of the scheme-
• Basic health cover for secondary and tertiary care up to Rs. 5 lakh per annum per family.
• Up to Rs 1.5 Lakh through Insurance Mode and beyond 1.5 lakh to 5 Lakh through Assurance Mode.
• There is no cap on the family size and Parents from both Spouse are included.
• All dependent physically challenged persons in the family are also covered.
• All pre-existing diseases are covered.
• The entire premium is borne by the State Government and no contribution from the beneficiary.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• The International Paragliding Festival was organised by the Adventure Sports and Sustainable Tourism Academy (ASSTA) in Vagamom, Kerala in 2020.
• The festival is organized by the tourism department of Kerala in association with ASSTA.
• It is held mostly during the months of March-April.
• Vagamon is identified as the most potential destination for paragliding in Asia.
• It is situated at the border of the Kottayam and Idukki districts of Kerala.
• The low hills, rocky terrain and flatlands of Western Ghats provide ideal conditions for paragliding.
• Additionally, the vision of ASSTA is to promote adventure sports as a supplementary tourism product.
• It wants to establish tourism industries and communities that resolutely promote knowledge-based and sustainable tourism development and undertaking.

The correct answer is CSK.

Key Points

• CSK is Chennai Super Kings.
• It is a franchise cricket team, founded in 2008, based in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
• The team is owned by Chennai Super Kings Cricket Ltd and India Cements is the major stakeholder.
• The team is captained by Mahendra Singh Dhoni and coached by Stephen Fleming.
• They have won the IPL title four times (in 2010, 2011, 2018, and 2021), and have the highest win percentage of matches among all teams in the IPL (59.83%).

Additional Information

• The Indian Premier League (IPL) is a professional Twenty20 cricket league.
• The league was founded by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007.
• The Chennai Super Kings have won 4 titles, the Kolkata Knight Riders have won two titles, and the other three teams who have won the tournament are the Deccan Chargers, Rajasthan Royals and Sunrisers Hyderabad.

Important Points

• IPL 2024 continues with the expanded 10-team format, featuring teams such as Lucknow Super Giants and Gujarat Titans, which were added in previous seasons.
• The tournament follows a home-and-away format for all teams, and the final is scheduled to be played at a neutral venue in May 2024.
• Players like Shubman Gill, Yashasvi Jaiswal, and Mohammed Siraj have been standout performers in IPL 2024.
• Sunrisers Hyderabad and Kolkata Knight Riders have been strong contenders in the knockout stages of the 2024 season.
• Kolkata Knight Riders won the IPL 2024 final, defeating Sunrisers Hyderabad by 8 wickets in a thrilling contest.

The correct answer is Karnataka.

Key Points

• Karnataka topped the second edition of the Indian Innovation Index released by NITI Aayog in January 2021.
• The India Innovation Index is released by NITI Aayog and the Institute for Competitiveness every year.
• The index attempts to create an extensive framework for the continuous evaluation of the innovation environment in all States and Union Territories.
• The innovation inputs were measured through five enabler parameters and the output through two performance parameters.
• ‘Human Capital’, ‘Investment’, ‘Knowledge Workers’, ‘Business Environment’, ‘Safety and Legal Environment’ were identified as enabler parameters.
• ‘Knowledge Output’ and ‘Knowledge Diffusion’ were chosen as the performance parameters.
• Karnataka’s high Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflow has also enhanced the innovation capabilities of the state.
• Under the ‘North-Eastern/Hill States’ category, Himachal Pradesh emerged as the top ranker.

The correct answer is Help.

Key Points

• SHG- Self Help Group.
• Self Help Groups are groups of 10-20 people in a locality formed for any social or economic purpose.
• Self-help groups are seen as instruments for goals including empowering women, developing leadership abilities among the poor and the needy, increasing school enrolment and improving nutrition and the use of birth control.
• It can exist with or without registration.
• NABARD developed the model of Self Help Group – Bank Linkage Programme as a cost-effective mechanism for providing financial services to the unreached and underserved poor households.
• SHG perform the role of collective banks. They mobilize savings from the members and performs both debit and credit functions.
• Members may also make small regular savings contributions over a few months until there is enough money in the group to begin lending.

The correct answer is Jammu and Kashmir.

Key Points

• Anchar Lake is located in Jammu and Kashmir.
• This lake is in highly deteriorated condition owing to pollution, large scale encroachment, and illegal constructions in its surroundings.
• It is connected with the famous Dal Lake via the channel 'Amir Khan Nallah'.
• It is located near the Soura area in the city of Srinagar.
• In the 1990s, when the Nallah Mar was covered to build the Mearplan highway around the western side of Dal, six-foot pipes were laid under the new road, to allow Dal to continue to drain into the Anchar lake system, however, the pipes soon clogged due to waste and debris.
• Like the Dal lake and Wular Lake, it is home to the Hanji community which live near the lake in an area called as Anchar among the locals.

The correct answer is Samudragupta.

Key Points

• Samudragupta is called the ‘Napoleon of India’.
• Samudragupta was the greatest ruler of the Gupta Dynasty and ruled till around 380 AD.
• The western scholars equate him with Napoleon and call him Indian Napoleon due to the extensive military conquests.
• Some information about Samudragupta-
• He was the son of Chandragupta-I and Kumaradevi. He ascended the throne in 335 AD.
• Before his death, probably 4 or 5 years back, Chandragupta-I had publicly announced that Samudragupta would be his heir apparent and thus abdicated the throne in his favour.
• This was justified by the killer instincts of Samudragupta who displayed a greater degree of skill in the arts of both peace and war.
• But this nomination was perhaps not liked by many and coins of an obscure prince Kacha say that there was some trouble over the succession.
• Chandragupta I was a great ruler in the Gupta Empire and is generally considered as the originator of the Gupta line.
• Ashoka was the son of Bindusara. He promoted the spread of Buddhism across ancient Asia.

The correct answer is Zeeman effect.

Key Points

• Zeeman Effect
• It is the name of the phenomena in physics and astronomy which involves the splitting of a spectral line into two or more components of slightly different frequencies when the light source is placed in a magnetic field.
• It is named after the Dutch physicist Pieter Zeeman.
• The effect is caused due to the distortion of the electron orbitals because of the magnetic field.
• This effect is very useful in investigating the charge/mass ratio and magnetic moment of an electron.

Additional Information

• Askaryan effect

• It is the phenomenon whereby a particle travelling faster than the phase velocity of light in a dense dielectric medium (such as salt, ice) produces a shower of secondary charged particles.

• The Askaryan effect describes coherent electromagnetic radiation from high-energy cascades in dense media with a collective charge.

• Bezold effect

• It is an optical illusion.

• It is named after a German professor of meteorology, Wilhelm von Bezold.

• He discovered that a colour may appear different depending on its relation to adjacent colours.

• It happens when small areas of colour are interspersed.

• Domino effect

• It is a cumulative effect produced when one event initiates a succession of similar events.

• It occurs when a significant change in the abundance (or presence) of one species results in a further change to the species composition or relative abundance of other species in a community.

The correct answer is Meghalaya.

Key Points

• Meghalaya won the National Award for Best Electoral Practices 2020.
• The Office of the Chief Electoral Officer, Meghalaya was selected for a Special Award for Information Technology applications in Elections by the Election Commission of India.
• The award recognized sustained and consistent IT application efforts in electoral activities for the entire Enrolment to Elections (E2E) process and for leveraging technology for the benefit of all categories of voters.
• The ECI has consistently been championing the use of technology covering the non-election period, such as voter portal, voter helpline app, SMS, 1950 helpline, political party registration and online tracking.
• President Ram Nath Kovind virtually conferred the award to Meghalaya CEO F.R. Kharkongor at the National Voters’ Day Award function.

The correct answer is ecological.

Key Points

• Deserts, rain forests, coral reefs and mangroves are features of ecological diversity.
• Ecological diversity is a type of biodiversity. It is at the ecosystem level.
• It is the variation in the ecosystems found in a region or the variation in ecosystems over the whole planet.

Additional Information

• Cultural Diversity is the existence of a variety of cultural groups within a society.
• Species diversity refers to the variety of species within a particular region. The richness of species in a given region provides a yardstick for species diversity. For example, the Western Ghats have a greater amphibian species diversity than the Eastern Ghats.
• Genetic diversity is the variation of genes within the species. This result distinct population of one, even the same species. It gives genetic variation within a population or varieties within one species. India has more than 50,000 genetically different strains of rice and 1,000 varieties of mango.

The correct answer is China.

Key Points

• As of 2020, China is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council.
• United Nations Security Council:
• The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six executive organs of the United Nations (UN), charged with the purpose of ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, and approving any changes to the UN Charter.
• It was formed on 24 October 1945.
• Its powers consist of establishing peacekeeping operations, enacting international sanctions, and authorizing military action.
• The UNSC is the only UN body with the power to issue binding resolutions on member states.
• It consists of 5 Permanent Members and 10 Non Permanent Members.
• Permanent members are- China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

The correct answer is Duduma Waterfall.

Key Points

• Duduma Waterfall is NOT in Karnataka.
• It is one of the highest waterfalls in India is located in the Badigada village of Koraput district, Odisha.
• It falls from a height of more than 550 feet.
• The waterfall is considered one of the best tourist spots in Odisha.
• The waterfall finds its origin in the River Machkund.
• Its water is the backbone of the Machkund Hydro Electric Power Project.
• Duduma has two sub-waterfall-one drops down in Andhra Pradesh and the other in Odisha.
• Hampi, Mysore Palace, and Bannerghatta National Park are in Karnataka.

The correct answer is silicate.

Key Points

• Topaz is a silicate of fluorine and aluminium.
• In other words, it is an aluminium silicate containing fluorine.
• It is the hardest silicate mineral.
• It is formed by fluorine-bearing vapours given off during the last stages of the crystallization of igneous rocks.
• It has a relatively low index of refraction.
• Common topaz in its natural state is colourless, though trace element impurities can make it pale blue, golden brown to yellow-orange.
• The most common use for topaz is as a gemstone in jewellery.
• The hardness also increases its tendency to break. Because of this, topaz is typically used for jewellery that will not be knocked around or come in contact with hard surfaces.

The correct answer is 21 January.

Key Points

• The statehood day of Tripura is observed on 21 January.
• The area of modern Tripura was part of an independent princely state under the protectorate of the British Empire.
• The independent Tripuri Kingdom (also known as Hill Tippera) joined the newly independent India in 1949.
• On 21 January 1972, the three states of Manipur, Tripura, and Meghalaya became full-fledged states under the North Eastern Region (Reorganisation) Act of 1971.
• The state has a tropical savanna climate, designated Aw under the Köppen climate classification.
• According to the 2011 census, Tripura is one of the most literate states in India with a literacy rate of 87.75%.

Important Points

• Festivals of Tripura- Garia Puja, Asokastami Festival, Pilak Festival, etc/
• Dances of Tripura- Mamita dance, Goria dance, Hojagiri dance, Lebang dance, etc.
• National Parks in Tripura- Clouded Leopard National Park, Rajbari National Park, etc.

The correct answer is Shaukat Ali.

Key Points

• Shaukat Ali was instrumental in convincing Mahatma Gandhi about the need to start a non-cooperation movement in support of The Khilafat.
• This Khilafat movement was launched in Defence of the Caliphate, led in India by the two Brothers Muḥammad and Shaukat Ali and by Abul Kalam Azad.
• Some of the leaders joined Forces with Mahatma Gandhi's Non-Cooperation Movement for Indian freedom, promising Non-Violence in return for his support of the Khilafat Movement.
• The Khilafat Movement was started to support the Sultan of Turkey whom the population of Muslims in India considered their Religious Head.
• The three main objectives of the movement were:​
• The Ottoman Caliphate should retain its Empire in Turkey.
• The Caliph must be provided with sufficient Territory so as to enable him to defeat the Islamic Faith all around the world.
• The Arab lands that are Syria, Iraq, Palestine, and Arabia, must stay under Muslim rule.

Additional Information

• Mohammad Ali Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until the inception of Pakistan on 14 August 1947.
• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress. He became the first Minister of Education in the Indian government.
• Abdul Ghaffar Khan was a Pashtun independence activist against British colonial rule in India. He was called the Frontier Gandhi.

The correct answer is Noble gases.

Key Points

• Highly negative halogens require only one electron to complete their octet
• Noble gases are those whose octet is complicated.
• Alkali metal has only one extra electron in its outermost element they want to lose it to complete octet
• Hence, halogen and alkali metals are separated by noble gas.

Additional Information 

• In the periodic table of elements, there are seven horizontal rows of elements called periods. The vertical columns of elements are called groups, or families.
• The Rare Earth Elements make up the middle block of the periodic table.
• The Rare Earth Elements or transition metals occupy the short columns in the centre of the periodic table, between Group 2A and Group 3A.
• They are sometimes called the d-block elements, since in this region the d-orbitals are being filled in, and are also referred to as B-group elements since in most numbering systems of the columns on the periodic table the numerals of these groups are followed by the letter B.

The correct answer is Stomach.

Key Points

• The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid that helps our body in killing pathogenic bacteria.
• Hydrochloric acid is the main component of gastric juice and is secreted by the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa in the fundus and corpus.
• It creates the ideal conditions for the protein-digesting enzymes to work.
• The potent hydrochloric acid kills bacteria, protecting your body from harmful microbes which can enter our body in food.
• Our stomach protects itself from being digested by its own enzymes, or burnt by the corrosive hydrochloric acid, by secreting sticky, neutralising mucus that clings to the stomach walls.
• If this layer becomes damaged in any way it can result in painful and unpleasant stomach ulcers.

The correct answer is Rajasthan.

Key Points

• The state government of Rajasthan launched the long-awaited policy of manufactured sand in January 2021.
• On 25th January 2021, Rajasthan Chief Minister Shri Ashok Gehlot released Rajasthan M Sand Policy 2021.
• The policy aims to fulfil the demand for river sand for construction works across the state.
• The M Sand policy will reduce dependency on the river sand and boost the use and production of M-Sand in Rajasthan.
• The policy gives industry status to the units producing it for construction work and reduces the dependence on bajri (riverbed sand).
• The Supreme Court had banned illegal mining on riverbeds in 2017.
• The policy would help create employment opportunities through new units and resolve the issue of huge quantities of waste generated in the mining areas.
• The policy will enable the investors to set up M-sand units by utilising the incentives and facilities offered by the State government.
• It will also help in environmental protection and generate faith among the public in the efficacy of M-sand for construction works.

The correct answer is Surendranath Banerjee.

Key Points

• Surendranath Banerjee laid the foundations of the Indian National Movement by founding the Indian Association at Calcutta in 1876.
• On July 26, 1876, Banerjea along with Ananda Mohan Bose formed the ‘Indian Association’ in Kolkata.
• This Association was aimed to unify Indian people on a common political program.
• The Association merged with Indian National Congress in 1885.
• Surendranath Banerjee was a skilled orator. He organized a huge public meeting against this decision on 24 March 1877, in Town Hall, Kolkata.
• He was the second Indian to qualify for the Indian Civil Service examinations.
• He resolved to bring the whole of India on a common platform, on civil services in particular, but also all policies affecting Indians in general.
• He wanted an India unified in the matter of political aspiration and programme.
• He was also a part of the nine-member Congress delegation to England in 1890.

The correct answer is Sharath M Gayakwad.

Key Points

• Sharath M Gayakwad is an Indian Paralympic swimmer.
• At the 2014 Asian Games, he broke P.T. Usha's record for the most number of medals by an Indian at any multi-discipline event by winning 6 medals.
• He is the first Indian swimmer to qualify for the Paralympics and competed in the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London.
• He has now retired and is the program director of Zee Swim Academy, a swimming club in Bangalore.

Additional Information

• Sukant Indukant Kadam is an Indian professional para-badminton player. He won Bronze medal at the BWF Para Badminton World Championships.
• In 2014, Gaurav Khanna was appointed chief national coach for para players and within a span of some 6 years, his students have won 319 medals internationally.
• Pramod Bhagat is an Indian professional Para-badminton player from Odisha. He won a gold medal at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Men's singles SL3.

Given:

Average height of some students = 156cm

Formula:

Average = (Sum of terms)/(Number of terms)

Calculation:

Let number of students in a group be N.

Total height of N students = N × 156 = 156N cm

Total height of 5 students = 5 × 160 = 800 cm

<br>

Total height of (N + 5) students = 800 + 156N

New average = 156 + 0.8 = 156.8 cm

New number of students = N + 5

Total height of (N + 5) students = (N + 5) × 156.8 = (156.8N + 784) cm

Then,

⇒ 156.8N + 784 = 800 + 156N

⇒ N = 20

∴ Number of students = N = 20

Given:

Cost price of articles = Rs.490

Loss % = 20%

Profit % = 16%

Formula:

Loss % = (CP - SP)/CP × 100

Profit % = (SP - CP)/CP × 100

Calculation:

Let cost price of one article be Rs.a and cost price of two article be Rs.(490 - a).

Selling price of one article = a × 80/100 = Rs.4a/5

Selling price of other article = (490 - a) × 116/100 = Rs.(568.4 - 29a/25)

Then,

⇒ 4a/5 = 568.4 - 29a/25

⇒ 49a/25 = 568.4

⇒ a = 290

∴ Cost price of article which sold at loss of 20% is Rs.290.

Given:

4(sin430° + cos430°) - 3(sin245° - 2cos245°) = ?

Concept used:

sin 30° = 1/2

cos 30° = √3/2

sin 45° = 1/√2

cos 45° = 1/√2

Calculation:

4(sin430° + cos430°) - 3(sin245° - 2cos245°)

⇒ 4[(1/2)⁴ + (√3/2)⁴] - 3[(1/√2)² - 2(1/√2)²]

⇒ 4[1/16 + 9/16) - 3(1/2 - 1)]

⇒ 4[10/16] + 3/2

⇒ 5/2 + 3/2

⇒ 8/2

⇒ 4

So, the value of  4(sin430° + cos430°) - 3(sin245° - 2cos245°) is 4

Shortcut Trick 

 Put x = 7, y = 1

x3 - 8y3 = 73 - 8(1)3

⇒ 343 - 8 = 335

 Alternate Method

Given:

x2 + 4y2 = 53 and x - 2y = 5

Formula:

(a - b)² = a² + b² - 2ab

a³ - b³ = (a - b)(a² + ab + b²)

Calculation:

⇒ (x - 2y)² = x² - 4xy + 4y²

⇒ 25 = 53 - 4xy

⇒ xy = 7

Then,

⇒ x³ - 8y³ = (x)³ - (2y)³

⇒ x3 - (2y)3 = (x - 2y)(x² + 2xy + 4y²)

= 5 × (53 + 2 × 7)

∴ x3 - 8y3 = 335

Given:

 $\frac{tan^2 30^\circ+sin^290^\circ+cot^260^\circ+sin^230^\circ cos^245^\circ}{sin60^\circ cos30^\circ-cos60^\circ sin30^\circ}$ = ?

Concept used:

tan 30°  = 1/√3 and sin 90°  = 1

cot 60° = 1/√3 and sin 30°  = 1/2

cos 45°  = 1/√2 and sin 60°  = √3/2

cos 30°  = √3/2 and cos 60°  = 1/2

Calculation:

 [(1/√3)² + 1² + (1/√3)² + (1/2)² × (1/√2)²]/[(√3/2) × (√3/2) - 1/2 × 1/2]

⇒ [1/3 + 1 + 1/3 + 1/4 × 1/2]/[3/4 - 1/4]

⇒ [2/3 + 1+ 1/8] × 2

⇒ [2/3 + 9/8] × 2

⇒ [43/24] × 2

⇒ 43/12

So, the value of  $\frac{tan^2 30^\circ+sin^290^\circ+cot^260^\circ+sin^230^\circ cos^245^\circ}{sin60^\circ cos30^\circ-cos60^\circ sin30^\circ}$ is 43/12

Given:

 x + y = 2 and $\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{18}{5}$

Formula:

a³ + b³ = (a + b)(a² - ab + b²) 

(a + b)² = (a2 + 2ab + b2) 

Calculation:

⇒ 1/x + 1/y = 18/5

⇒ (x + y)/xy = 18/5

⇒ xy = 2 × 5/18 = 5/9

But,

⇒ (x + y)² = (x² + 2xy + y²)

⇒ 2² = (x² + y² + 2 × 5/9)

⇒ (x² + y²) = 26/9

Then,

(x³ + y³) = (x + y)(x² - xy + y²)

= 2 × (26/9 - 5/9)

= 2 × 21/9

= 14/3

∴ (x³ + y³) = 14/3 = $4\frac{2}{3}$

Calculation:

There will be a total of 41 members in the factory = 39 workers + 2 managers

Daily wages of the managers ranges between 700 and 800, it would be calculated on the basis of 750.

Similarly, the calculation would be done according to the midpoints (for eg. if 5  employees have their salaries between 200 to 300, it will be solved as 5 × 250)

Total daily wages of all members of staff of the factory = 250 × 5 + 350 × 9 + 450 × 12 + 550 × 11 + 650 × 2 + 750 × 2 = Rs.18650

Total number of workers = 5 + 9 + 12 + 11 + 2 + 2 = 41

∴ the average daily wage of all members of staff of the factory = 18650/41 = 454.8 ≈ Rs.455

Given:

Area of a square field = 1764 sq.m

Formula:

Area of square = side²

Area of rectangle = length × breadth

Calculation:

Area of square field = 1764

Side of square field = √1764 = 42 m

Breadth of rectangular field = 42 × 1/3 = 14 m

Length of rectangular field = 14 × 2 = 28 m

Area of rectangular field = 14 × 28 = 392 sq.m

So, Cost of levelling park = 15 × 392 = Rs.5880

Given:

p - 2q = 3 and pq = 5

Formula:

⇒ (a³ - b³) = (a - b)(a² + ab + b²)

⇒ (a - b)² = a² + b² - 2ab

Calculation:

⇒ (p - 2q)² = p² + 4q² - 4pq

⇒ 9 = p² + 4q² - 4 × 5

⇒ p² + 4q² = 29

(p³ - (2q)³) = (p - 2q)(p² + 2pq + 4q²)

= 3 × (29 + 2 × 5)

= 117

∴ (p3 - 8q3) = 117

Alternate Method(p - 2q)³ = p³ - 8q³ - 3 × p × 2q(p - 2q)

⇒ 3³ = p³ - 8q³ - 6 × 5 × 3

⇒ p3 - 8q3 = 90 + 27 

⇒ p3 - 8q3 = 117

∴ (p3 - 8q3) = 117

Given:

∠ ACB = 115

Calculation:

The angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle subtended by it at any point on the remaining part of a circle.

⇒ External ∠AOB = 2∠ ACB

⇒ External ∠AOB = 115° × 2 = 230°

⇒ Internal ∠AOB = 360° - 230° = 130°

In ΔABO, AO = BO = Radii of circle.

⇒ ∠BAO = ∠ ABO 

In ΔABO,

⇒ ∠BAO + ∠ ABO + ∠ AOB = 180°

⇒ ∠BAO = 1/2 × (180° - 130°) = 25°

∴ ∠OAB = 25°.

Given:

Samir's 1 day's work = 1/10

Puneet's 1 day's work = 1/15

Calculation:

(Samir + Puneet)'s 1 day's work = 1/10 + 1/15 = 1/6

(Samir + Puneet)'s 3 days work = 3 × 1/6 = 1/2

Remaining work after 3 days = 1 - 1/2 = 1/2

Remaining work completed in 2 days.

(Samir + Puneet + Ashok)'s 1 day's work = 1/2 × 1/2 = 1/4

Ashok's 1 day's work = 1/4 - 1/6 = 1/12

Ratio of work done = 5/10 : 5/15 : 2/12

= 1/2 : 1/3 : 1/6

= 3 : 2 : 1

∴ Ashok's share = 1/6 × 4500 = Rs.750

Alternate Method Samir and Puneet can complete the same work in 10 days and 15 days respectively

Total work = LCM(10, 15) = 30 units 

Efficiency of Samir = 30/10 = 3 units

Efficiency of Puneet = 30/15 = 2 units 

According to the question,

Samir and Puneet worked for (3 + 2) = 5 days 

Work done by Samir and Puneet in 5 days = 5 × 5 = 25 units 

Remaining 5 units of work is done by Ashok in 2 days

Efficiency of Ashok = 5/2 = 2.5 units 

Total amount = Rs. 4500

Amount given for 1 unit of work = 4500/30 = 150

Amount given to Ashok = 150 × 5 = Rs. 750

Given:

$sin\left(\frac{2A+B}{2}\right) = cos\left(\frac{2A-B}{2}\right)=\frac{√{3}}{2},0^{\circ}<\frac{2A+B}{2}<90^{\circ}$

Calculation:

sin(2A + B)/2 = √3/2

⇒ (2A + B)/2 = sin¹(√3/2)

⇒ (2A + B)/2 = 60

⇒ 2A + B = 120      ....(1)

Then,

cos(2A - B)/2 = √3/2

⇒ (2A - B)/2 = cos^-1(√3/2)

⇒ (2A - B)/2 = 30

⇒ 2A - B = 60      ....(2)

Solving (1) and (2)

A = 45 and B = 30

Then,

⇒ sin(3(A - B)) = sin(3(45 - 30)) = sin 45 = 1/√2

So, the value of sin(3(A - B)) is 1/√2.

Given:

? = 25 ÷ 15 of 4 × [4 ÷ 5 × (9 - 7)] - (20 ÷ 5 of 9)

Concept:

Calculation:

⇒ ? = 25 ÷ 60 × [4/5 × 2] - (20 ÷ 45)

⇒ ? = 25/60 × 8/5 - (20/45)

⇒ ? = 2/3 - 4/9

⇒ ? = (6 - 4)/9

⇒ ? = 2/9

∴ 25 ÷ 15 of 4 × [4 ÷ 5 × (9 - 7)] - (20 ÷ 5 of 9) = 2/9

Given:

27km upstream and 33km downstream = 6 hours

36km upstream and 22km downstream = 6 hours

Formula:

Speed of boat = a kmph and Speed of stream = b kmph

Speed of upstream = (a - b) kmph

Speed of downstream = (a + b) kmph

Calculation:

⇒ 33/(a + b) + 27/(a - b) = 6

⇒ 22/(a + b) + 36/(a - b) = 6

Then,

⇒ 33/(a + b) + 27/(a - b) = 22/(a + b) + 36/(a - b)

⇒ 11/(a + b) = 9/(a - b) 

⇒ 11a - 11b = 9a + 9b

⇒ 2a = 20b

⇒ a = 10b

Then,

⇒ 33/(10b + b) + 27/(10b - b) = 6

⇒ 3/b + 3/b = 6

⇒ b = 1

⇒ a = 10

Speed downstream = 10 + 1 = 11 kmph

Speed upstream = 10 - 1 = 9 kmph

Then,

⇒ ? = 44/11 + 36/9 

⇒ ? = 4 + 4

⇒ ? = 8

∴ it will take 8 hours to go 36 km upstream and 44 km downstream.

Given:

Discount % = 16%

Formula:

Selling price = Marked price × (100 - discount %)/100

Profit % = (SP - CP)/CP × 100

Calculation:

Marked price = Rs.1800

Selling price after 16% discount = 1800 × 84/100 = Rs.1512

Then,

⇒ 8 = (1512 - CP)/CP × 100

⇒ CP = 1400

Cost price of an item is Rs.1400

Then,

Selling price when discount is 8% = 1800 × 92/100 = Rs.1656

Profit % = (1656 - 1400)/1400 × 100 = 18.29%

∴ Profit % is 18.29% when discount is 8%.

Calculation:

Total import in five years = 350 + 380 + 420 + 450 + 580 = Rs.2180 crores

Average import in five years = 2180/5 = Rs.436 crores

Total export in five years = 400 + 420 + 550 + 480 + 620 = Rs.2470 crores

Average export in five years = 2470/5 = Rs.494 crores

Required ratio = 494 : 436 = 247 : 218

∴ the ratio of average export to average import over the five years is 247 : 218.

Given:

AB = 12cm and CD = 18 cm

Calculation:

Perpendicular drawn from centre of circle to chord which bisects the chord.

For chord AB,

OP is the perpendicular drawn from centre and OB is the radius.

AP = PB = 12/2 = 6cm

In right angled triangle POB,

Uisng Pythagoras theorem,

⇒ OB² = PB² + OP²

⇒ OB² = 6² + OP²

Similarly, for chord CD.

CQ = QD = 18/2 = 9cm

In right angled triangle QDC,

⇒ OD² = QD² + OQ²

⇒ OD² = 9² + OQ²

Then,

⇒ OP = OQ + QP

⇒ OP = OQ + 3

But,

⇒ OD = OB   ----(Radii of circle)

⇒ 62 + OP2 = 92 + OQ2

⇒ (OQ + 3)² - OQ² = 45

⇒ 6OQ = 36

⇒ OQ = 6

Then,

⇒ OD² = 9² + 6² = 117

⇒ OD = 3√13

∴ Radius of circle is 3√13cm.

Calculation:

Total number of boys in Arts stream = 48 + 42 + 45 + 39 + 36 = 210

Total number of boys in Science stream = 40 + 42 + 38 + 41 + 39 = 200

Required percentage = (210 - 200)/200 × 100 = 5%

∴ total number of boys in Arts stream is 5% more than the total number of boys in Science stream in the years 2012 to 2020

Shortcut Trick

Fourth proportion (x) = (18 × 6) ÷ 12 = 9

Third proportion (9) = 6² ÷ k

⇒ k = 36 ÷ 9 = 4

∴ The correct answer is 4.

Alternate Method

Given: Numbers 12, 18, 6 for fourth proportion; k, 6 for third proportion.

Formula Used: Fourth proportion (x) of a, b, c is (b × c)/a. Third proportion (c) of a, b is b²/a.

⇒ Let the fourth proportion be x.

⇒ 12/18 = 6/x

⇒ x = (18 × 6) ÷ 12 = 9

⇒ Now, 9 is the third proportion to k and 6.

⇒ k : 6 = 6 : 9

⇒ 9 = 6² ÷ k

⇒ 9k = 36

⇒ k = 4

∴ The correct answer is 4.

Additional Information

Mean Proportion

The mean proportion between two numbers a and b is √(a × b).

Continued Proportion

Three numbers a, b, c are in continued proportion if a/b = b/c, which implies b² = ac.

Invertendo and Alternendo

If a/b = c/d, then b/a = d/c (Invertendo) and a/c = b/d (Alternendo).

Given:

AE = 30cm

Calculation:

Draw a line parallel to EC from point D on side AE at G.

Now, in ΔAEC, DG || EC

⇒ AG/GE = AD/DC

As D is the mid-point of side AC

AD = DC

⇒ AG/GE = 1

⇒ AG = GE

According to the question, AE = AG + GE

⇒ AG = GE = 30/2 = 15  ----(01)

Now, in ΔBDG, GD || EF

⇒ GE/EB = DF/FB

As EC bisects BD at F

DF = FB

⇒ GE/EB = 1

⇒ GE = EB                     ----(02)

From (01) and (02)

EB = GE  = 15 cm

∴ The length of EB is 15 cm.

Given:

AD = x - 3, AC = 2x, BE = x - 2 and BC = 2x + 3

Concept used:

If a line parallel to one side of a triangle intersects the other two sides of the triangle, then the line divides these two sides proportionally.

Calculation:

AC = AD + DC

⇒ CD = 2x - x + 3 = (x + 3)

then,

BC = CE + BE

⇒ CE = 2x + 3 - x + 2 = x + 5

CD/AD = CE/BE

⇒ (x + 3)/(x - 3) = (x + 5)/(x - 2)

⇒ x² + x - 6 = x² + 2x - 15

 ⇒ x = 9

So, the value of x is 9.

Given:

Number = 5306P2

Concept:

Divisibility test of 3 = Number should be divisible by 3 when sum of digits of number should be divisible by 3.

Calculation:

Number = 5306P2

Sum of terms = (5 + 3 + 0 + 6 + P + 2) = 16 + P

Smallest value of P should be divisible by 3 = 16 + 2 = 18

Greatest value of P should be divisible by 3 = 16 + 8 = 24

∴ Required difference = 8² - 2² = 60

Given:

Amount in 2 years = Rs.291600

Amount in 3 years = Rs.314928

Formula:

Let P = Principal, R = rate of interest and N = time period

Compound interest = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ - P

Amount = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ

Simple interest = PNR/100

Calculation:

⇒ 291600 = P(1 + R/100)²

⇒ 314928 = P(1 + R/100)³

⇒ 1.08 = (1 + R/100)

⇒ R = 8%

Rate of interest is 8% per annum.

Then,

Simple interest = 40000 × 8 × 2/100 = Rs.6400

∴ simple interest on Rs.40000 at the same rate for 2 years is Rs.6400.

Given:

Total production of fertilizers in 2008, 2009 and 2010 of company A = 460 + 580 + 670 = 1710 (in 10000 tonnes)

∴ the average production (in 10000 tonnes) of fertilizers in 2008, 2009 and 2010 of Company A = 1710/3 = 570 (in 10000 tonnes)

Given:

A number is first increased by 15%, then reduced by 15%.

Number became 782.

The same number is first reduced by 25%, then increased by 25%, and again reduced by 20%.

Calculation:

Let the number of N.

Number after increased by 15% = N × 115/100 = 23N/20

Number after decreased by 15% = (23N/20) × (85/100) = 1955N / 2000

= 391N/400

Then,

⇒ 391N/400 = 782

⇒ N = 800

New number after reduced by 25% = 800 × 75/100 = 600

New number after increased by 25% = 600 × 125/100 = 750

New number after reduced by 20% = 750 × 80/100 = 600

∴ New number formed is 600.

Alternate MethodLet the original number be y

⇒ y × 115/100 × 85/100 = 782

⇒ y × 23/20 × 17/20 = 782

⇒ y = 800

New number that is first reduced by 25%, then increased by 25%, and again reduced by 20%,

⇒ 800 × 3/4 × 5/4 × 4/5 = 600

∴ The new number formed is 600.

Here the correct answer is How far his office was.

Key Points

• In the above-given sentence, 'how far his office was' should be used instead of 'that how far was his office'.
• It is so because the given sentence is an example of indirect speech.
• The conjunction 'that' is not used in indirect speech for question sentences.
• Thus, 'that' should be removed.
• When we convert a question sentence into indirect speech, the positions of subject and verb are interchanged i.e. in the indirect speech the subject 'his office' comes before the auxiliary verb 'was'.
• For Example:-
• Direct Speech - He asked me, "Have you finished reading the book?"
• Indirect Speech - He asked me whether I had finished reading the book.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.

<br>

Correct Sentence - I asked Rahul how far his office was from his home.

Hinglish 

• ऊपर दिए गए वाक्य में, 'that how far was his office' के बजाय इस्तेमाल किया जाना चाहिए 'how far his office was'।
• ऐसा इसलिए है क्योंकि दिया गया वाक्य अप्रत्यक्ष भाषण का उदाहरण है।
• प्रश्न वाक्यों के लिए अप्रत्यक्ष भाषण में संयोजन 'that' का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता है।
• अत: 'that' को हटा देना चाहिए।
• जब हम एक प्रश्न वाक्य को अप्रत्यक्ष वाक्य में बदलते हैं, तो विषय और क्रिया की स्थान बदल जाता है यानी अप्रत्यक्ष भाषण में विषय 'his office' सहायक क्रिया 'was' से पहले आता है।
• उदाहरण के लिए:-
• Direct Speech - He asked me, "Have you finished reading the book?"
• Indirect Speech - He asked me whether I had finished reading the book.
• अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 है।

Here the correct answer is Resolution.

Key Points

• The given sentence is talking about a person taking a firm decision or promising himself/herself to think positively in the coming year.
• New Year's Resolution is a noun meaning a promise to do something different in the new year.
• For Example - Her New Year's resolution is to exercise regularly.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence - My New Year’s resolution is to think positive always.

Hinglish

• दिया गया वाक्य एक ऐसे व्यक्ति के बारे में बात कर रहा है जो एक दृढ़ निर्णय ले रहा है या आने वाले वर्ष में खुद को सकारात्मक सोचने का वादा कर रहा है।
• New Year's Resolution एक संज्ञा है जिसका अर्थ नए साल में कुछ अलग करने का वादा होता है।
• उदाहरण के लिए -  Her New Year's resolution is to exercise regularly.
• अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 है।

Here the correct answer is ​Alka asked Tarun whether the door was closed.

Key Points

• While changing the narration of an interrogative sentence, we need to follow the given steps:-
• The conjunction 'whether/if’ should be used in place of a comma (,) and inverted commas (“ ”).
• 'Question mark (?)' is changed to a full stop (.).
• 'Asked' remains unchanged.
• The simple present tense (is) is changed into the simple past tense (was).
• When we convert a question sentence into indirect speech, the positions of subject and verb are interchanged i.e. in the indirect speech the subject comes before the auxiliary verb**.**
• For Example:-
• Direct Speech - He asked me, "Have you finished reading the book?"
• Indirect Speech - He asked me whether I had finished reading the book.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य का वर्णन बदलते समय हमें दिए गए चरणों का पालन करना होगा:-
• अल्पविराम (,) और उल्टे अल्पविराम ("") के स्थान पर संयोजन 'whether/if’ का उपयोग किया जाना चाहिए।
• 'प्रश्न चिह्न (?)' को पूर्ण विराम (.) में बदल दिया जाता है।
• 'Asked' अपरिवर्तित रहता है।
• सरल वर्तमान काल (is) को सरल भूत काल (was) में बदल दिया जाता है।
• जब हम एक प्रश्न वाक्य को अप्रत्यक्ष वाक् में बदलते हैं, तो विषय और क्रिया की स्थान बदल जाती है यानी अप्रत्यक्ष भाषण में विषय सहायक क्रिया से पहले आता है।
• उदाहरण के लिए:-
• सीधा भाषण - He asked me, "Have you finished reading the book?"
• अप्रत्यक्ष भाषण - He asked me whether I had finished reading the book.
• अत: सही उत्तर विकल्प 4 है।

Here the correct answer is Infirmary.

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:-
• Infirmary - a place in a large institution for the care of those who are ill. (बीमार लोगों की देखभाल के लिए एक बड़े संस्थान में जगह)
• For Example - The general infirmary is the principal of numerous charitable institutions.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other words given in options:-
• Hangar - a large building with an extensive floor area, typically for housing aircraft. (एक व्यापक मंजिल क्षेत्र के साथ एक बड़ी इमारत, आमतौर पर विमान रखने के लिए)
• Hostel - an establishment that provides inexpensive food and lodging for a specific group of people, such as students, workers, or travellers. (एक प्रतिष्ठान जो छात्रों, श्रमिकों या यात्रियों जैसे लोगों के एक विशिष्ट समूह के लिए सस्ता भोजन और आवास प्रदान करता है)
• Dormitory - a large bedroom for a number of people in a school or institution. (एक स्कूल या संस्थान में कई लोगों के लिए एक बड़ा शयनकक्ष)

Here the correct answer is Let the needy people be helped.

Key Points

• The given sentence is in an active voice form, hence we need to convert it into a passive voice form.
• We need to follow these instructions while changing the voice of an imperative sentence.
• An imperative sentence does not normally have a subject.
• It is used to express a command or request.
• The imperative sentence in the passive voice takes the following form:
• Let + object + be + past participle.
• Example: 
• ​Do this task. (Active Voice)
• Let this task be done. (Passive Voice)
• Thus, the object of the active voice 'the needy people' will come after 'let' which will further be followed by 'be' and past participle form of help i.e. helped.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

<br>

Correct Passive Voice - Let the needy people be helped.

Hinglish 

• दिया गया वाक्य active voice form में है, इसलिए हमें इसे passive voice form में बदलने की आवश्यकता है।
• एक imperative sentence की voice बदलते समय हमें इन निर्देशों का पालन करने की आवश्यकता है।
• एक imperative sentence में आमतौर पर कोई विषय नहीं होता है।
• इसका उपयोग किसी आदेश या अनुरोध को व्यक्त करने के लिए किया जाता है।
• Passive Voice में imperative sentence निम्नलिखित रूप लेता है:
• Let + object + be + past participle
• उदाहरण:
• ​Do this task. (Active Voice)
• Let this task be done. (Passive Voice)
• इसलिए, सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 है।

Here the correct answer is Dillemma.

Key Points

• The correct spelling is Dilemma.
• Let's look at its meaning:-
• Dilemma - a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives, especially ones that are equally undesirable. (ऐसी स्थिति जिसमें दो या दो से अधिक विकल्पों के बीच एक कठिन चुनाव करना पड़ता है, विशेषकर वे जो समान रूप से अवांछनीय हैं)
• For Example - He wants to make money, but he also disapproves of it: Den's dilemma in a nutshell.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other words given in options:-
• Professional - a person engaged or qualified in a profession. (किसी पेशे में लगे या योग्य व्यक्ति; पेशेवर)
• Perpetuate - make (something) continue indefinitely. ((कुछ) अनिश्चित काल तक जारी रखना)
• Electronics - the branch of physics and technology concerned with the design of circuits using transistors and microchips, and with the behaviour and movement of electrons in a semiconductor, conductor, vacuum, or gas. (ट्रांजिस्टर और माइक्रोचिप्स का उपयोग करके सर्किट के डिजाइन से संबंधित भौतिकी और प्रौद्योगिकी की शाखा)

Here the correct answer is Modest.

Key Points

• While "magnificent" represents something grand, impressive, and splendid, "modest" represents something humble, unassuming, and simple. The two words have contrasting meanings, making "modest" the most appropriate antonym in this context.
• Let's look at the meaning of the given word:-
• Magnificent - extremely beautiful, elaborate, or impressive; very good; excellent. (अत्यंत सुंदर, विस्तृत या प्रभावशाली)
• For Example - It was a dramatic landscape of magnificent mountains.
• Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:-
• Modest - not large, elaborate, or expensive; not so special. (बड़ा, विस्तृत या महंगा नहीं)
• For Example - They live in a fairly modest house, considering their wealth.
• Thus, after looking at the meaning of the two words, we can say that these two words are antonyms of each other.
• The other words given in options are synonyms of Magnificent.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information

Let's look at the meaning of the other words given in options:-

• Mighty - very large, powerful, or important. (बहुत बड़ा, शक्तिशाली, या महत्वपूर्ण)
• Opulent - ostentatiously costly and luxurious. (दिखावटी रूप से महंगा और शानदार)
• Grandiose - impressive and imposing in appearance or style, especially pretentiously so. (दिखने या शैली में प्रभावशाली, विशेष रूप से दिखावटी रूप से)

Here the correct answer is Careless.

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the given word:-
• Slack - having or showing laziness or negligence. (आलस्य या लापरवाही होना या दिखाना)
• For Example - These are slack accounting procedures.
• Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:-
• Careless - showing no interest or effort; casual; not concerned or worried about; not giving sufficient attention or thought to avoid harm or errors. (कोई दिलचस्पी या प्रयास नहीं दिखाना; अनौपचारिक; चिंतित या चिंतित नहीं; नुकसान या त्रुटियों से बचने के लिए पर्याप्त ध्यान या विचार नहीं देना)
• For Examples:-
• She had been careless and had left the window unlocked.
• He was careless of his own safety.
• Thus, after looking at the meaning of the two words, we can say that these two words are synonyms of each other.
• Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other words given in options:-
• Keen - having or showing eagerness or enthusiasm. (उत्सुकता या उत्साह होना या दिखाना)
• Active - engaging or ready to engage in physically energetic pursuits. (शारीरिक रूप से ऊर्जावान गतिविधियों में संलग्न या संलग्न होने के लिए तैयार)
• Lively - full of life and energy; active and outgoing. (जीवन और ऊर्जा से भरपूर; सक्रिय और निवर्तमान)

Here the correct answer is Analysed.

Key Points

• The given sentence talks about people examining the marks of the students on different subjects and comparing their performances for the year.
• Questioned, inspected, and probed cannot be used in the context of the sentence.
• Marks can only be analysed.
• Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:-
• Analysed - examine (something) methodically and in detail, typically in order to explain and interpret it. ((कुछ) विधिपूर्वक और विस्तार से जांचना, आमतौर पर इसे समझाने और व्याख्या करने के लिए)
• For Example - We need to analyse our results more clearly.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.

<br>

Correct Sentence - We analysed the marks of the students on different subjects and compared their performance for the year.

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the meaning of the other words given in options:-
• Questioned - ask (someone) questions, especially in an official context. ((किसी से) प्रश्न पूछें, विशेष रूप से आधिकारिक संदर्भ में)
• Inspected - look at (someone or something) closely, typically to assess their condition or to discover any shortcomings. ((किसी या कुछ को) बारीकी से देखें, आमतौर पर उनकी स्थिति का आकलन करने के लिए या किसी कमियों का पता लगाने के लिए)
• Probed - seek to uncover information about someone or something. (जांच की)

The correct answer is 'Raman putted the vegetables'.

Key Points

• 'Putted', there is no such word as putted.
• Putted is completely wrong to use any sentence.
• The past tense of put is put.
• Putt means (used in golf) to hit the ball gently when it is near the hole (गोल्‍फ़ में) गेंद को हलके से मारना (गड्‌ढा पास होने पर)
• But here we don't need the word 'put'.
• The correct sentence will be "Raman put the vegetables in the frying pan and after adding some water, closed the lid."

The incorrectly spelt word is 'Photgraph'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling is 'Photograph'.
• Photograph- a picture that is taken with a camera (कैमरे से लिया गया चित्र; फ़ोटो, छायाचित्र)
• Let us look at the meanings of the other options:
• Boundary: a real or imagined line that marks the limits of something and divides it from other places or things (वास्‍तविक या काल्‍पनिक) विभाजक रेखा, सीमा रेखा
• Competency: the fact of having the ability or skill that is needed for something (कुछ करने की क्षमता, विशिष्‍ट योग्‍यता सामर्थ्य, सक्षमता)
• Processing: to treat something, for example with chemicals, in order to keep it, change it, etc. (सुरक्षित रखने, परिवर्तित करने आदि के लिए किसी वस्‍तु पर रसायनों आदि का प्रयोग करना); to deal with information, for example on a computer (कंप्‍यूटर आदि पर सूचना को साधना या संसाधित करना)

The correct answer is 'to John's'.

Key Points

• The usage of the preposition 'to' is incorrect.
• 'To' must be replaced with 'with'.
• To: used to indicate that the following verb is in the infinitive form—often used by itself in place of an infinitive verb when the verb is understood; used to indicate the place, person, or thing that someone or something moves toward; used to indicate the place where someone participates in a particular activity; used as a function word to indicate purpose, intention, tendency, result, or end.
• The correct sentence will be: The recruiters were pleased with John's domain knowledge and personality.

Additional Information

• पूर्वसर्ग ''to' का प्रयोग गलत है।
• 'To' को 'with' से बदला जाना चाहिए।
• To: यह इंगित करने के लिए प्रयोग किया जाता है कि निम्नलिखित क्रिया infinitive रूप में है- अक्सर क्रिया को समझने पर एक infinitive क्रिया के स्थान पर स्वयं द्वारा उपयोग किया जाता है; उस स्थान, व्यक्ति या चीज़ को इंगित करने के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है जो कोई या कुछ आगे बढ़ता है; उस स्थान को इंगित करने के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है जहां कोई व्यक्ति किसी विशेष गतिविधि में भाग लेता है; उद्देश्य, इरादा, प्रवृत्ति, परिणाम या अंत को इंगित करने के लिए एक फ़ंक्शन शब्द के रूप में उपयोग किया जाता है