RRB NTPC CBT-I Official Paper (Held On: 31 Jan 2021 Shift 2) (Previous Year Paper)

Logic : Observing the pattern column wise, we get to know that: 

Column 1 : HCF of  48, 24, 12 is 12. Thus, ratio is 4:2:1

Column 3 : HCF of 80, 40, 20 is 20. Thus, ratio is 4:2:1

Similarly, in Column 2 : Ratio will be 4 : 2: 1

⇒ 64 : ? : 16

⇒ 64 : 32 : 16

⇒ 4 : 2 : 1

So the value of '?' is 32.

Hence, 'option 2' is the correct answer.

The figure is given below:

The shaded portion represents people who like both green tea and coffee = 30 + 10 = 40

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

Given:

$\frac{cos3x+cosx}{sin3x-sinx}$

Identities Used:

$cos3x=4\times cos^3x-3\times cosx$

$sin3x=3\times sinx-4\times sin^3x$

$cos2x=2\times cos^2x-1=1-2\times sin^2x$

$\frac{cosx}{sinx}=cotx$

Calculation:

⇒ $\frac{cos3x+cosx}{sin3x-sinx}=\frac{4\times cos^3x-3\times cosx+cosx}{3\times sinx-4\times sin^3x-sinx}$

⇒ $\frac{4\times cos^3x-2\times cosx}{2\times sinx-4\times sin^3x}$

⇒ $\frac{2\times cosx(2\times cos^2x-1)}{2\times sinx(1-2\times sin^2x)}$

⇒ $\frac{2\times cosx\times cos2x}{2\times sinx\times cos2x}=\frac{cosx}{sinx}$

⇒ $cotx$

Therefore, the value of the expression is cot x.

The correct answer is West Bengal.

Key Points

• Gambhira
• One of the famous devotional dances of West Bengal is Gambhira.
• It is the sacred devotional dance performed by worshippers of Shakti.
• The dance is named so because it is performed in the dance hall of the Chandi Mandir.
• In this dance, there are two main dancers, who are accompanied by a chorus.
• The two main dancers perform the role of nana (maternal grandfather) and nati (grandson), respectively.
• This dance is performed along with musical instruments, like harmonium, flute, drum, and Judi.

Additional Information

• Garba - Popular dance of Gujarat
• ​Garba is a form of dance that originates from the state of Gujarat in India.
• The name is derived from the Sanskrit term Garbha.
• It is performed during the nine-day Hindu festival Navaratri.
• Garba is performed in a circle as a symbol of the Hindu view of time.
• Ghoomar - Popular dance of Rajasthan
• ​Ghoomar is a traditional folk dance of Rajasthan.
• It was the Bhil tribe who performed it to worship Goddess Sarasvati.
• The dance is chiefly performed by veiled women who wear flowing dresses called Ghaghara.
• The word ghoomna describes the twirling movement of the dancers and is the basis of the word ghoomar.
• Perini Sivatandavam - Popular dance of Telangana
• ​Perini Sivathandavam is an ancient dance form of Telangana.
• It originated and prospered in Telangana, during the Kakatiya dynasty.
• Perini is performed in honour of Lord Siva, the Hindu god of destruction.
• Padmasri Dr. Nataraja Ramakrishna was the person who revived this art form recently.

Pink is the odd one out.

The other three colors - Yellow, Green, Blue are the colors of rainbow. Pink does not belong to this group.

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

Important PointsRainbow consists of seven colors. These colors are Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo and Violet.

"VIBGYOR" is an acronym for the colors of rainbow.

The correct answer is Charter Act of 1813.

Key Points

• Charter Act of 1813
• ​The Charter Act of 1813 was passed by the British Parliament.
• It renewed the East India Company’s charter for another 20 years.
• This is also called the East India Company Act, 1813.
• It defined for the first time the constitutional position of British Indian territories.
• This Act asserted the Crown’s sovereignty over British possessions in India.
• Their trade monopoly was ended except for the trade in tea, opium, and with China.

Additional Information

• Regulating Act, 1773
• ​The regulating Act of 1773 was passed by the British Parliament.
• It was passed to control the territories of the East India Company majorly in Bengal.
• This act permitted the company to retain its territorial possessions in India but sought to regulate the activities and functioning of the company.
• It did not take over power completely, hence called ‘regulating’.
• Indian Council Act, 1861
• ​The Indian Councils Act 1861 was an act of the British Parliament.
• It made significant changes in the Governor-General’s Council.
• It allowed for the decentralization of administration with the vesting of legislative power to the presidencies of Bombay and Madras.
• Government of India Act, 1935
• ​The Government of India Act was passed by the British Parliament in August 1935.
• It was the longest act enacted by the British Parliament at that time.
• It was divided into two separate acts namely
• the Government of India Act 1935
• the Government of Burma Act 1935
• Its aim was to make further provisions for the Government of India.

Shortcut Trick

Total paper area = Area of (Base + Back Face + 2 × Side Faces)

Required area = (80 × 30) + (80 × 40) + 2(30 × 40)

Required area = 2400 + 3200 + 2400 = 8000 cm²

Therefore, the area of the paper needed is 8000 cm², which matches Option (2).

∴ The correct answer is 8000 cm².

Alternate Method

Given:

⇒ Length (l) of the aquarium = 80 cm

⇒ Width (w) of the aquarium = 30 cm

⇒ Height (h) of the aquarium = 40 cm

Calculations:

⇒ Area of the Base = l × w = 80 × 30 = 2400 cm²

⇒ Area of the Back face = l × h = 80 × 40 = 3200 cm²

⇒ Area of one side face = w × h = 30 × 40 = 1200 cm²

⇒ Area of two side faces = 2 × 1200 = 2400 cm²

⇒ Total area of paper needed = Area of Base + Area of Back face + Area of two side faces

⇒ Total Area = 2400 + 3200 + 2400 = 8000 cm²

This result corresponds to the value given in Option (2).

∴ The correct answer is 8000 cm².

Additional Information

Total Surface Area of Cuboid

The total surface area (TSA) covers all six faces and is given by the formula 2(lw + wh + hl).

Lateral Surface Area (Area of 4 walls)

The area of the vertical faces (excluding top and base) is given by 2h(l + w).

Volume of a Cuboid

The amount of space inside the cuboid (capacity) is calculated as Volume = l × w × h.

Diagonal of a Cuboid

The longest rod that can be placed inside a cuboid is √(l² + w² + h²).

The correct answer is Rajeshwar Rao.

Key Points

• Rajeshwar Rao
• ​P. V. Rajeshwar Rao was an Indian politician.
• He was a member of parliament.
• He represented Andhra Pradesh in the Lok Sabha, as a member of the Indian National Congress.
• Rajeshwar Rao took over as the Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India on October 9, 2020.
• Shri Rao was Executive Director of the Reserve Bank before being elevated to the post of Deputy Governor.

Additional Information

• Hasmukh Adhia
• ​Hasmukh Adhia is an Indian Banker and a civil servant.
• He is the key person behind the roll-out of the Goods and Services Tax & Demonetization scheme.
• He is an Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer of the 1981 Gujarat cadre batch.
• He is the present Non-Executive Chairman of Bank of Baroda.
• Subhash Chandra Garg
• ​Subhash Chandra Garg is a 1983 batch IAS officer of the Rajasthan cadre.
• He served as Economic Affairs Secretary and Finance Secretary of India.
• He has also served as an executive director of the World Bank.
• Ashok Lavasa
• Ashok Lavasa is a retired 1980 batch IAS officer of the Haryana cadre.
• He was one of the two Election Commissioners of India.
• He has been appointed as the Vice President of the Asian Development Bank (ADB).

Key Points

• The correct answer is Nitrogen.
• Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere, more than any other gas.
• Nitrogen is a crucial component of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.
• It is also a part of the nucleic acids DNA and RNA, essential for genetic information.
• Nitrogen is critical for plant growth and is often added to soil in the form of fertilizer.

Additional Information

Given:

Fraction = $\frac{1}{2}$

Calculation:

⇒ Let x be added to $\frac{1}{2}$ to get 2

⇒ 2 = $\frac{1}{2}$ + x

⇒ x = 2 – $\frac{1}{2}$  = $\frac{4-1}{2}$

⇒ x = $\frac{3}{2}$

Therefore, $\frac{3}{2}$ is needed to add to $\frac{1}{2}$ to get 2

The correct answer is 1930.

Key Points

• On January 26 1929 Indian National Congress issued the Declaration of Indian Independence (Purna Swaraj).
• It opposed the British Regime's Dominion status.
• On December 31, 1929, Nehru hoisted the tricolor on the banks of the Ravi river.
• He demanded “Poorna Swaraj” or complete self-rule, and the date set for independence was January 26, 1930.
• The day was then celebrated as Poorna Swaraj day for the next 17 years.
• On January 26, 1930, Congress passed the Poorna Swaraj resolution or the Declaration of Independence.
• In this way, Indian National Congress observe 26 January as Independence Day for the first time in 1930.

Additional Information

• India achieved independence from British Raj on 15 August 1947.
• The independence came through the Indian Independence Act 1947.
• The Constitution was adopted by the Indian Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949.
• It came into effect on 26 January 1950 with a democratic government system.
• 26 January was chosen as the date for Republic day because it was on this day in 1930 when the Declaration Purna Swaraj.
• The main Republic Day celebration is held in the national capital, New Delhi, at the Rajpath before the President of India.

The correct answer is Kerala, Himachal Pradesh.

Key Points

• The Index for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) evaluates the progress of states and Union Territories.
• It evaluates various parameters including health, education, gender, economic growth, institutions, climate change and the environment.
• Kerala retained its rank at the top with a score of 75.
• Himachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu both took the second spot with a score of 74.
• Bihar, Jharkhand, and Assam were the worst performing states in this year’s India index.

Additional Information

• The SDG India Index computes goal-wise scores on the 16 SDGs for each State and Union Territory.
• These scores range from 0–100.
• If a State/UT achieves a score of 100, it signifies it has achieved the 2030 targets.
• The higher the score of a State/UT, the greater the distance to the target achieved.
• States and Union Territories are classified in four categories based on their SDG India Index score:
• Aspirant (0–49)
• Performer (50–64)
• Front-Runner (65–99)
• Achiever (100)

The correct answer is David Warner.

Key Points

• David Warner
• David Warner is an Australian international cricketer.
• He was a former captain of the Australian national team in limited overs format.
• He is a left-handed opening batsman.
• He is considered one of the best batters of the current era.
• He plays for New South Wales and played for the Sydney Thunder in domestic cricket.
• He served as the Australian vice-captain across Test and ODI formats of the game between 2015 and 2018.
• He became the fastest batsman to score 5000 runs in the IPL.

Additional Information

• Suresh Raina
• Suresh Raina is a former Indian international cricketer.
• He occasionally served as stand-in captain for the Indian men's national cricket team during the absence of the main captain.
• He played for Uttarpradesh (UP) in the domestic cricket circuit.
• He is a left-handed middle-order batsman and an occasional off-spin bowler.
• He is the first Indian batsman to hit a century in all three formats of international cricket.
• MS Dhoni
• Mahendra Singh Dhoni is an Indian former professional cricketer.
• He was captain of the Indian national cricket team in limited-overs formats from 2007 to 2017.
• He is a right-handed wicket-keeper batsman.
• India won ICC Test Championship Mace two times in 2010, and 2011 under his leadership.
• Rohit Sharma
• Rohit Sharma is the current captain of the Indian national team.
• He is a right-handed opening batsman.
• He plays for Mumbai in domestic cricket.
• He captains Mumbai Indians in the Indian Premier League.
• He holds the world record for the highest individual score (264) in a one-day international match.

Given:

Volume of box = 0.8 m³

Measurement of cuboidal godown = 60 m × 40 m × 30 m

Concept used:

Number of boxes = Volume of godown ÷ Volume of box

Calculation:

⇒ Volume of box = 0.8 m³

⇒ Volume of cuboidal godown is,

⇒ 60 m × 40 × 30 m = 72000 m³

⇒ Number of boxes that can be stored in godown = Volume of godown ÷ Volume of a box

⇒ $\frac{72000}{0.8}$ = 90,000

Therefore, the number of cuboidal boxes that can be stored in the godown is 90,000

The correct answer is Virat Kohli.

Key Points

• Virat Kohli
• ​Virat Kohli is an Indian international cricketer.
• He was the former captain of the Indian national cricket team.
• He plays for Delhi in domestic cricket and Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Indian Premier League.
• He is a right-handed batsman.
• Between 2013 and 2022, he captained the India cricket team in 213 matches across all three formats.
• With 40 wins out of 68 matches, Kohli is one of the most successful Indian Test captains.
• He became the third Cricketer to receive the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award.

Additional Information

• Sachin Tendulkar
• Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar is an Indian former international cricketer.
• He captained the Indian national team.
• He is regarded as one of the greatest batsmen in the history of cricket.
• In 2002, halfway through his career, Wisden ranked him the second-greatest Test batsman of all time.
• MS Dhoni
• Mahendra Singh Dhoni is an Indian former professional cricketer.
• He was captain of the Indian national cricket team in limited-overs formats from 2007 to 2017.
• He is a right-handed wicket-keeper batsman.
• India won ICC Test Championship Mace two times in 2010, and 2011 under his leadership.
• Rohit Sharma
• ​Rohit Sharma is the current captain of the Indian national team.
• He is a right-handed opening batsman.
• He plays for Mumbai in domestic cricket.
• He captains Mumbai Indians in the Indian Premier League.
• He holds the world record for the highest individual score (264) in a one-day international match.

The correct answer is July 1781.

Key Points

• The English captured the French port Mahe which was of great importance to Hyder Ali.
• So, he protested and declared war against the British.
• In 1781 the British army under Sir Eyre Coote defeated Hyder Ali at Port Novo.
• In 1782 Hyder Ali died of cancer. So, Tipu Sultan continued the war.
• In 1784, he signed the Treaty of Mangalore with the English by which the conquered territories were restored to both parties.

Additional Information

• The Second Anglo-Mysore War started in 1780 when Hyder Ali of Mysore declared war against the British.
• This was in response to an English attack on Mahe, which was a French possession and in Hyder Ali’s dominion.
• In July of that year, Hyder Ali invaded the Carnatic.
• In this battle, the British suffered a heavy defeat.
• After this, Ali renewed the siege of Arcot.
• This prompted the British to gear up their defenses in South India.
• It also sends reinforcements under Sir Eyre Coote, a British army officer to Madras.

Given:

HCF = 3

LCM = 315

Sum of two numbers = 66

Concept Used:

LCM × HCF = Product of two numbers

Calculation:

⇒ Let, the numbers be a and b.

⇒ a + b = 66

⇒ According to the formula,

⇒ 3 × 315 = a × b

⇒ Required sum = $\frac{1}{a}$ + $\frac{1}{b}$  = $\frac{(a + b)}{ab}$

⇒ Putting the values, we get

⇒ $\frac{66}{3 × 315}$ = $\frac{66}{945}=\frac{22}{315}$

Therefore, the sum of their reciprocals is $\frac{22}{315}$.

The correct answer is Subhash Chandra Bose.

Key Points

• On 21 October 1943, Bose announced the formation of the Provisional Government of Azad Hind (Free India).
• He announced himself as the Head of State, Prime Minister, and Minister of War.
• The Provisional Government enabled Bose to negotiate with the Japanese on an equal footing.
• It also facilitated the mobilization of Indians in East Asia to join and support the INA.
• Soon after the announcement, the Provisional Government received recognition from various countries.

Additional Information

• Azad Hind was established as part of a political movement originating outside India by Indians against British imperialism.
• Subhash Chandra Bose was the most prominent leader of this movement.
• Azad Hind staked claim to the entire subcontinent as its own.
• In actuality, it governed Indian military and civilian personnel in the Southeast Asian British colonial territory.
• The provisional Indian government was recognized only by the Axis powers and their allies.

Given:

Age of John = Twice of Jean's age

Sum of their ages after three years = 66 years

Calculation:

⇒ Let the present age of Jean be y years.

⇒ So, the Present age of John = 2y

⇒ Sum of their ages after three years = 66 years

⇒ Therefore, sum of their present ages = 66 – 6 = 60 years

⇒ 2y + y = 60 years

⇒ y = $\frac{60}{3}$ = 20 years

⇒ Present age of Jean = y = 20 years

⇒ Present age of John = 2y = 2 × 20 = 40 years

Therefore, the present ages of Jean and John is 20 and 40 years, respectively.

Given:

HCF of two even numbers

Calculation:

⇒ All even numbers have a common factor as 2

⇒ Let's take an example of two even numbers as 4 and 2

⇒ HCF of 2 and 4 = 2

Therefore, the HCF of two even numbers should be at least 2

Given:

Angle of elevation = 45°

YZ = 80m (distance from point Y to foot of lamp post)

Concepts Used:

tan 45° = 1

Calculations:

⇒ tan 45° = $\frac{XZ}{YZ}$

⇒ 1 = $\frac{XZ}{80}$

⇒ XZ = 80m

Therefore, the height of lamp post is 80m.

The correct answer is Chandigarh.

Key Points

• Chandigarh’s Capitol Complex was declared by UNESCO a World Heritage at the 40^th session of a World Heritage Conference.
• The Capitol Complex buildings include:
• Punjab and Haryana High Court
• Punjab and Haryana Secretariat
• Punjab and Haryana Assembly
• Martyrs Memoria
• Geometric Hill
• Tower of Shadow
• The site got inscribed as part of the UN body’s recognition of Le Corbusier’s architectural works in different parts of the world.
• UNESCO inscription was under “The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier an outstanding contribution to the Modern Movement”.

Additional InformationUNESCO World Heritage sites in India:

Given:

Rational numbers = $\frac{1}{4}$ and $\frac{1}{2}$

Concept used:

A rational number in between a and b is $\frac{(a+b)}{2}$ , where a and b are the numbers.

Calculation:

⇒ Numbers are $\frac{1}4$ and $\frac{1}2$.

⇒ Rational number between $\frac{1}4$ and $\frac{1}2$ = $\frac{(\frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{2})}{2}$

⇒ $\frac{\frac{1+2}{4}}{2}$ = $\frac{3}{8}$

Therefore, the rational number between $\frac{1}{4}$ and $\frac{1}{2}$ is $\frac{3}{8}$

The correct answer is Goods and Service Tax.

Key Points

• Goods and Service Tax
• Goods and Service Tax is officially known as The Constitution (One Hundred and First Amendment) Act, 2016.
• This amendment introduced a national Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India on 1 July 2017.
• It was introduced as the One Hundred and one Amendment Bill of the Constitution of India.
• The Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a Value added Tax (VAT).
• It proposed to be a comprehensive indirect tax levy on the manufacture, sale, and consumption of goods as well as services at the national level.
• It replaces all indirect taxes levied on goods and services by the Indian Central and state governments.
• It is aimed at being comprehensive for most goods and services.

Additional Information

• Listed are the major objectives that aspired to be accomplished by implementing GST under the 101 constitutional amendment act 2016.
• The fundamental objective of GST was to build a common market with a constant tax rate in India.
• The goods and services tax eradicates the initial taxes for the same transaction as input tax credits.
• There is no export tax as GST boosts exports by refunding the amount collected on the inputs.
• It seeks to increase revenue as it brings more taxpayers by growing the tax base.
• The procedure of application and return of tax has been simplified with the use of common forms.
• Tax payment and form submission became convenient with the introduction of online payment gateways.
• A unified information technology system called Goods and Services Network (GSTN) got operated for simple GST operation.

The correct answer is six.

Key Points

• India and the US said they have agreed to build six American nuclear power plants in India.
• It is a boost to bilateral civil nuclear energy cooperation.
• They committed to strengthening bilateral security and civil nuclear cooperation.
• India and the US signed a historic agreement to cooperate in the civil nuclear energy sector in October 2008.
• The deal gave a fillip to bilateral ties, which have been on an upswing since.
• India plans to triple its nuclear capacity by 2024 to wean Asia's third-largest economy off polluting fossil fuels.

Additional Information

• The Indian government is reportedly planning to build ten nuclear power plants in ‘fleet mode’ in the country over the next three years.
• The FPC is planned for next year at the 700MW Kaiga atomic power station, which is located in the Indian state of Karnataka.
• India currently operates a total of 22 nuclear reactors, with more than 6.7GW of combined capacity.
• In 2017, the government gave approval to the Nuclear Power Corporation of India (NPCIL).
• It approved to build of ten units of locally-designed pressurised heavy water reactors (PHWR), each with 700MW of capacity.

The correct answer is Lavani.

Key Points

• Lavani
• Lavani is a genre of music popular in Maharashtra.
• It is a combination of traditional song and dance.
• It is particularly performed to the beats of Dholki, a percussion instrument.
• It has contributed substantially to the development of Marathi folk theatre.
• In Maharashtra and southern Madhya Pradesh, it is performed by female performers wearing nine-yard-long sarees.
• The songs are sung in a quick tempo.

Additional Information

• Baul
• Baul dance connects love and spirituality.
• It aims to interact with the almighty in human beings’ souls.
• The modern Baul culture is very similar to western folk music.
• It is a very prominent folk music tradition practiced in West Bengal.
• The people have high regard for folk dance due to its highly spiritual and cosmic values.
• Bihu
• The Bihu dance is an indigenous folk dance from the Indian state of Assam.
• It is related to the Bihu festival and is an important part of Assamese culture.
• Bihu dancers are usually young men and women.
• The dancing style is characterized by brisk steps and rapid hand movements.
• The traditional costume of dancers is colorful and centered around the red color theme, signifying joy and vigor.
• Mando
• Mando is a musical form that evolved during the 19^th and 20^th centuries among the Goan Catholics.
• It represents a meeting point of local Goan and western musical traditions.
• The dress worn during the Mando dance was of velvet or silk, red, blue, or green in color, embroidered with gold threads.
• The Mando festival at the Kala Academy, with performers, decked up for the event.

Given:

Time taken by P to run 250 m = 25 s

Time taken by Q to run 250 m = 30 s

Calculation:

⇒ P takes 25 s to run = 250 m

⇒ In 1 s, P could run = $\frac{250}{25}$ = 10 m

⇒ In 4.5 s, P could run = 10 × 4.5 = 45 m

⇒ Q takes 30 s to run = 250 m

⇒ In 1 s, Q runs = $\frac{250}{ 30}$ = $\frac{25}{3}$ m

⇒ In 4.5 s, he could run = $\frac{25}{3}\times 4.5$ = 25 × 1.5 = 37.5 m

⇒ Difference in their distance = 45 – 37.5 = 7.5 m

Therefore, P is ahead of Q by 7.5 m after 4.5 seconds.

The correct answer is Erode.

Key Points

• The Geographical Indication (GI) tag is granted to products that are special for a particular geographical area.
• It also prevents misuse of the popularity of the products by others.
• The famous 'Erode turmeric' has received a prestigious GI tag from the Geographical Indication Registry of India.
• The GI Registry granted the coveted status based on the application filed by ‘Erode Manjal Vanigarkal Matrum Kidangu Urimaiyalargal Sangam’.
• After an eight-year process, the Government of India recognized it as a Geographical indication officially since the year 2019.

Additional Information

• Erode Turmeric is known for its high Curcumin content.
• It is a natural food coloring agent as approved by WHO.
• Erode Turmeric has about 90% of Curcumin content for which it is most sought after.
• It is also known for its high medicinal value and taste.
• Erode grows the majority of Chinna Nadan.
• It is also the largest market for turmeric.

The correct answer is Heart and Brain.

Key Points

• The two human body organs where magnetism is produced significantly are the heart and the brain.
• The Magnetism present in the brain of a human is used to obtain images of internal parts of the brain by MRI technique.
• The heart produces the greatest rhythmic electromagnetic field in all of the body's organs.
• It is the most strong source of electromagnetic energy in the human body.
• The electrical activity produced by the heart has a 60-fold greater magnitude than the electrical activity generated by the brain.
• The current from the brain causes the scalp to generate an electroencephalogram (EEG).
• It also generates a magnetic field around the head, which is calculated as a magnetoencephalogram (MEG).

Additional Information

• The human body generates diverse electrical activity in a variety of cell types.
• This comprises neurons, endocrine cells, and muscle cells, many of which are referred to as "excitable cells."
• This action generates a magnetic field, as does all electricity.
• Magnetite was included in "almost every bit" of the specimens, according to the findings.
• When our bodies are no longer exposed to the gravitational field, the current ceases.

The correct answer is Shillong.

Key Points

• Shillong hosted the 4-day India International Cherry Blossom festival in 2019.
• It was celebrated from 13^th to 16^th November 2019.
• It was inaugurated by the Meghalaya Chief Minister, Conrad K Sangma.
• The festival celebrates the unique autumn flowering of Himalayan Cherry Blossoms with several cultural events.
• The festival is a great example of how natural resources and sustainable tourism can be utilized in an effective manner.

Additional Information

• Some other important festivals celebrated in North-East India
• Losar - Arunachal Pradesh
• Saga Dawa - Sikkim
• Ambubachi Mela - Assam
• Dree Festival -Arunachal Pradesh
• Anthurium - Mizoram

Given:

Brick's dimensions: l = 25 cm, b = 5 cm, h = 20 cm

Wall's dimensions: L = 40 m, B = 80 cm, H = 6 m

For Used:

Volume of cuboid = l × b × h

Calculation:

⇒ First, convert the dimensions of the wall from m to cm by multiplying it by 100,

⇒ Length of wall = 40 m = 40 × 100 = 4000 cm

⇒ Height of wall = 6 m = 6 × 100 = 600 cm

⇒ Volume of a wall = 4000 × 80 × 600 = 192000000 cm³

⇒ Volume of a brick = 25 × 5 × 20 = 2500 cm³

⇒ Number of bricks required = $\frac{192000000}{2500}$ = 76800

Therefore, 76800 bricks are required for constructing the wall.

Given:

Sum of numerator and denominator = 11

If fraction got reduced by 1, fraction becomes = $\frac{1}{4}$

Calculation:

⇒ Let the required fraction be $\frac{x}{y}$. Then,

⇒ x + y = 11    ——→    (1)

⇒ According to the question,

⇒ $\frac {x – 1}{y}$ = $\frac{1}{4}$

⇒ 4x – 4 = y

⇒ 4x – y = 4    ——→    (2)

⇒ On adding equation (1) and (2), we get,

⇒ x = 3

⇒ On putting x = 3 in equation (1), we get,

⇒ y = 8

Therefore, the required fraction is $\frac{3}{8}$

The correct answer is Article 263.

Key Points

• Article 263
• Article 263 of the Indian Constitution deals with provisions with respect to an inter-State Council.
• It further has the following provisions:
• If it appears to the President that the public interests would be served by the establishment of a Council charged with the duty of
• Inquiring into and advising upon disputes which may have arisen between States;
• Investigating and discussing subjects in which some or all of the States have a common interest.
• Making recommendations upon any such subject and recommendations for the better coordination of policy.

Additional Information

• Article 261
• Article 261 of the Indian Constitution deals with Public acts, records and judicial proceedings.
• It has the following provisions:
• Full faith and credit shall be given throughout the territory of India to public acts, records and judicial proceedings of the Union.
• The manner in which and the conditions under which the acts, records and proceedings referred to in clause (1) shall be proved.
• Final judgments or orders delivered or passed by civil courts shall be capable of execution anywhere within that territory
• Article 262
• Article 262 deals with the Adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-State rivers or river valleys.
• Furthermore, it contains the following provisions:
• Parliament may by law provide for the adjudication of any dispute or complaint with respect to the use, distribution or control of the waters of, or in, any inter-State river or river valley Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution,
• Parliament may by law provide that neither the Supreme Court nor any other court shall exercise jurisdiction in respect of any such dispute or complaint as is referred to in the above clause.

The correct answer is Firewall

Key Points

• A firewall is a network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic based on an organization's previously established security policies.
• At its most basic, a firewall is essentially the barrier that sits between a private internal network and the public Internet.
• The main purpose of a firewall is to prevent unauthorised access to or from private networks and to protect the networked computer system from malicious access.
• Firewalls can be hardware, software, or a combination of both.
• Types of firewalls include packet filtering firewalls, stateful inspection firewalls, proxy firewalls, and next-generation firewalls (NGFW).

Additional Information

Firewalls have evolved over time to combat the increasing complexity and sophistication of cyber threats. Here are some key milestones:

• The concept of a firewall originally emerged in the late 1980s when the Internet was a fledgling network.
• One of the first types of firewalls to be developed was the packet filter firewall, which made decisions to allow or block traffic based on IP addresses and ports.
• As cyber threats evolved, so did firewall technology, leading to the development of stateful inspection firewalls, which could make decisions based on the context of network traffic.
• The introduction of next-generation firewalls (NGFW) brought features such as application awareness and control, integrated intrusion prevention, and cloud-delivered threat intelligence.
• Today, firewalls are an essential component of any organization's cybersecurity strategy, protecting against a wide range of cyber threats while enabling secure access to network resources

Siblings: L, M, N, O, P, Q, R and S

1. They are sitting around a circular table facing away from the centre and at equal distance from the other.

2) S sits second to the left of P. M sits third to the right of S.

3) R is M's immediate neighbour and is sitting second to the left of L.

4) Q sits to the immediate right of L. N is an immediate neighbour of R. O's back faces the back of N. 

P sits to the immediate right of O.

Hence, 'option 4' is the correct answer.

The correct answer is N Chandrasekaran.

Key Points

• N Chandrasekaran
• ​Natarajan Chandrasekaran is chairman of Tata Sons.
• He was Chief operating officer (COO) and executive director of Tata Consultancy Services (TCS).
• In 2009, he became Chief executive officer (CEO).
• He was also the chairman of Tata Motors and Tata Global Beverages (TGB).
• He became the first non-Parsi and professional executive to head the Tata Group.
• He has been chosen for the Prestigious USIBC Global Leadership Award 2020.

Additional Information

• USIBC Global Leadership Award
• The USIBC Global Leadership Award has been presented annually since 2007.
• It is accorded to the top corporate executives from the United States and India.
• It is accorded whose companies play a major role in promoting growth in the US-India commercial corridor.
• It is a recognition for their outstanding leadership and for promoting Indo-US trade and business.

Capsicum is the odd one out.

The other three terms - Chilli, Cumin, Cardamom are the spices whereas capsicum is a vegetable.

Thus, capsicum does not belong to the group.

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

Given:

Percentage of water in the milk solution = 4%

Amount of milk solution = 8 L

Required percentage of water content = 2%

Calculation:

⇒ Amount of water in the milk solution = 4% of 8 L = 4% of 8000 ml

⇒ Amount of water in the milk solution = $\frac{4}{100}\times 8000$ = 320 ml

⇒ Pure milk in the solution = 8000 – 320 = 7680 ml

⇒ Let the amount of pure milk added in the solution be x ml.

⇒ According to the question,

⇒ $\frac{7680+x}{8000+x}=\frac{2}{100}$

⇒ 50 × (7680 + x) = 8000 + x

⇒ 384000 + 50x = 8000 + x

⇒ 50x – x = | 8000 – 384000 | = 376000

⇒ x = $\frac{376000}{49}\approx 8000ml$

Therefore, the amount of pure milk should be added in the solution to reduce water content to 2% is 8 L.

The correct answer is Environment, forest and climate change.

Key Points

• Environment, forest, and climate change on 29^th May launched the song “Thodi hawa aane de, taazi hawa aane de"​.
• It was launched to spread awareness about Air pollution.
• This song was launched by Secretary, Ministry of Environment CK Mishra.
• The song urges people to be part of the solution and not add to the pollution.
• It offers solutions for clean and green travel which include switching to public transport, car-pooling, and turning off the engine at a traffic signal.
• It was launched ahead of World Environment Day on the 5^th of June.
• The theme of Environment Day for 2019 was 'Air Pollution.

Additional Information

• The ministry in collaboration with Bhamla Foundation has produced the anthem.
• Bhamla Foundation is a Mumbai-based non-governmental organization (NGO).
• For the anthem, actors Akshay Kumar, Rajkummar Rao, Vicky Kaushal, comedian Kapil Sharma, choreographer Shiamak Davar, singers Shaan, Shankar Mahadevan, and Sunidhi Chauhan came together.
• The song asks people to put a full stop to the burning of stubble and waste, and support eco-friendly industrialization.
• The anthem further highlights how we don’t value the things we get easily or for free like air.

The figure is given below:

There are 7 triangles.

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Materials can move in both directions in xylem.

Key Points

• Phloem indeed transports food from leaves to other parts of the plant, facilitating the distribution of nutrients.
• Materials cannot move in both directions in xylem; it is specifically designed for unidirectional flow, moving water and minerals from roots to the rest of the plant.
• Xylem and phloem are classified as complex tissues due to their composition of different types of cells performing a variety of functions.
• Xylem plays a crucial role in transporting water and minerals absorbed by the roots to various parts of the plant.

Additional Information

Given: 

Difference = 354

Percentages = 48% and 38%

Concept Used: 

Basic Percentage Calculation

Calculation:

⇒ Let that number be x.

⇒ According to the question,

⇒ 48% of x – 38% of x = 354

⇒ $\frac{48}{100}\times x-\frac{38}{100}\times x$ = 354

⇒ $\frac{x}{100}$ × (48 – 38) = 354

⇒ $\frac{x}{100}\times 10=354$

⇒ x = 3540

⇒ 58% of x = $\frac{58}{100}\times 3540$ = 2053.2

Therefore, 58% of x is 2053.2

The correct answer is Adrenaline

Key Points

• Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication.
• It is produced by both the adrenal glands and certain neurons.
• It plays an important role in the fight-or-flight response by increasing blood flow to muscles, output of the heart, pupil dilation, and blood sugar level.
• It does so by binding to alpha and beta receptors.

Additional Information

• Adrenaline was first isolated and identified in 1895 by Napoleon Cybulski, a Polish physiologist.
• It is used medically to treat a number of conditions, including anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, and superficial bleeding.
• In the brain, adrenaline affects areas involved in attention and responding actions, enhancing memory consolidation.
• Commercially, synthetic adrenaline is produced through a process of chemical synthesis.

Family chart:

Let us decode the symbols:

Lets check each option:

1. S × R + T → It shows that S is the father of R and R is the brother of T. Hence we can conclude that 'R is the son of S'.

2) S × T × R → It shows that R is the grandchild of S.

3) S + R × T → It shows that R is the brother of S.

4) S / R / T → It shows that R is the daughter of S.

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

The correct answer is WHO.

Key Points

• Rajiv Mehrishi has been elected as external auditor of the World Health Organization (WHO).
• He has been elected for four years from 2020 to 2023.
• He was elected at the 72^nd World Health Assembly in Geneva in May 2019.
• This is the second major international audit assignment for the CAG this year.
• First was his selection for the post of External Auditor of Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome earlier this year in March 2019.
• Mehrishi is also on the Board of Auditors of the United Nations and Vice-Chair of the UN Panel of External Auditors.

Additional Information

• Rajiv Mehrishi was the 13^th Comptroller and Auditor General of India (C&AG).
• He was the Vice Chairman of the United Nations Panel of External Auditors.
• He is a retired Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer of the 1978 batch belonging to the Rajasthan cadre.
• He was appointed the Home Secretary of India on 31 August 2015.
• He was awarded the Padma Bhushan, India's third highest civilian award, in 2022.

Given:

Principal Amount = Rs 20,000

Rate of interest = 8%

Time = 2 years

Concept Used:

Amount = Principal$\left(1+\frac{r}{100}\right)^t$

Compound Interest = Amount – Principal

Calculation:

⇒ Compound Interest = Principal$\left(1+\frac{r}{100}\right)^t$– Principal

⇒ Compound Interest = $20000\times \left(1+\frac{8}{100}\right)^2-20000$

⇒ Compound Interest = $20000\times \frac{108}{100}\times \frac{108}{100}-20000$

⇒ Compound Interest = 23328 – 20000 = Rs. 3,328

Therefore, the compound interest is Rs. 3,328

Given:

Percentage profit on selling price = 20%

Calculation:

⇒ Let the selling price be Rs x.

⇒ Profit = 20% of x

⇒ Profit = $\frac{20}{100}\times x=Rs\ \frac{x}{5}$ 

⇒ Cost price = Selling price – Profit

⇒ Cost price = $x-\frac{x}{5}=\frac{5x-x}{5}=Rs\ \frac{4x}{5}$

⇒ Required profit percentage = $\frac{Profit}{Cost \ price}\times100=\frac{(\frac{x}{5})}{(\frac{4x}{5})}\times100$

⇒ Required profit percentage = $\frac{x}{5}\times \frac{5}{4x}\times 100=25\%$

Therefore, the percentage of profit made on cost price equals 25%.

Brothers : M, N, O and P

1) M and N play cricket and football.

2) N and O play cricket and hockey.

3) O and P play hockey and basketball.

4) P and M play football and basketball.

According to statements:

P plays football, basketball and hockey.

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

Family chart:

According to the statement: The family tree is shown below,

Boy's father is Anil's father's brother.

Hence, 'option 3' is the correct answer.

Given:

Number of pencils = 330

Ratio of distribution = $\frac{1}{4}:\frac{2}{3}:\frac{1}{3}$

Calculation:

⇒ LCM of the denominators of the ratio = 12

⇒ Let the pencil shared with Rajesh, Suresh and Chandan be 3x, 8x and 4x respectively.

⇒ According to the question,

⇒ Total pencils = 3x + 8x + 4x = 330

⇒ 15x = 330

⇒ $x=\frac{330}{15}=22$

⇒ Number of pencils Chandan get = 4x = 4 × 22 = 88

Therefore, the number of pencils which Chandan got is 88

The correct answer is Interpreter

Key Points

• Interpreter translates high-level programming language into machine language, line by line.
• It executes each instruction before moving to the next, without converting the entire source code into machine code at once.
• This allows for immediate error detection after each line, making debugging easier for developers.
• Interpreters are often used in the development of software for programming languages like Python, Ruby, and PHP.

Additional Information

• High-level programming languages are designed to be easy to read and understand, allowing programmers to write source codes using logical words and symbols.
• These languages need to be translated into machine language (binary code) for the computer to understand and execute the instructions.
• Interpreters and compilers are the two main types of translators used for this purpose, with interpreters translating and executing code line-by-line, while compilers translate the entire code at once before execution.
• The choice between using an interpreter or a compiler depends on the specific requirements of the development project, including speed, debugging ease, and the programming language used.

The correct answer is Chennai.

Key Points

• Chennai has consistently been on top of the safety index.
• Mercer's 21^st annual Quality of Living survey 2019 shows that in 105^th place.
• It ranks as Southern Asia's safest city.
• It is safe to visit for everyone, irrespective of whether you are a backpacker or a solo female traveler.
• Cities in Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, and Chennai, are the safest for women to live in as they have the lowest rate of crimes against women.
• It stands out for its hospitality and is among the top cities in the world.
• Health tourists from across the world travel to Chennai.

Additional Information

• The Quality of Living Index 2019 was released by the Consulting Agency Mercer.
• The index was based on the data analyzed between September and November 2018.
• The index ranks 231 cities.
• Austrian capital Vienna tops Mercer’s index of most liveable cities for the 10^th year in a row.
• Hyderabad and Pune topped the list among the Indian cities with a rank of 143.
• Bengaluru was the second best with a ranking of 149.
• Mumbai with a ranking of 154 stood third among Indian cities.
• The capital of India, New Delhi ranked 162 on Mercer’s Quality Of Living Index.

Given:

Speed of A while starting the journey at 1:00 pm = 40 km/h

Speed of B while starting the journey at 1:40 pm = 50 km/h

Concept Used:

Time = $\frac{Distance}{ Speed}$

Calculation:

⇒ Distance covered by A between 1:00 pm to 1:40 pm = $\frac{40}{60}\times 40$

⇒ Distance covered by A between 1:00 pm to 1:40 pm = $\frac{80}{3}km$

⇒ Relative speed of B = Speed of B – Speed of A

⇒ Relative speed of B = 50 – 40 = 10 km/h

⇒ Putting the values in the formula,

⇒ Time = $\frac{\frac{80}{3}}{10}=\frac{80}{10\times 3}$

⇒ Time = $\frac{8}{3}hrs$

⇒ Now, convert hours into minutes by multiplying it by 60,

⇒ $\frac{8}{3}hrs=\frac{8}{3}\times 60=8\times 20=160$ minutes

Therefore, B takes 160 min to catch A with his speed.

The correct answer is Swachh Bharat.

Key Points

• Swachh Bharat
• Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a country-wide campaign initiated by the Government of India in 2014.
• It was initiated to eliminate open defecation and improve solid waste management.
• The campaign was officially launched on 2 October 2014 at Rajghat, New Delhi by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
• It has 3 million government employees and students participating in 4,043 cities, towns, and rural communities.
• Phase 1 of the Swachh Bharat Mission lasted till October 2019.
• Phase 2 is being implemented between 2020–21 and 2024–25 to help cement the work of Phase 1.

Additional Information

• Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi
• ​Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi is a centrally sponsored scheme.
• It aims at providing financial assistance to patients who live under the poverty line.
• The scheme covers patients suffering from diseases that are identified as life-threatening.
• Patients can avail of medical treatment at any hospital or institute providing super-specialty facilities.
• The scheme was established in 1997 by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
• Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana
• Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana​was launched on 11^th October 2014.
• The main objectives are:
• To trigger processes that lead to the holistic development of the identified Gram Panchayats.
• To substantially improve the standard of living and quality of life of all sections of the population.
• Pulse Polio
• The pulse Polio Immunization program was launched in India in 1995.
• Children in the age group of 0-5 years are administered polio drops every year.
• About 172 million children are immunized during each National Immunization Day (NID).
• WHO on 24^th February 2012 removed India from the list of countries with active endemic wild poliovirus transmission.

The correct answer is Masulipatnam.

Key Points

• British East India Company's history begins in 1611 CE.
• The British East India Company was established in 1600 CE under the name ‘The Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies’.
• The Company first established its foothold in Masulipatnam in India in 1611 CE.
• In 1612 CE, they secured the right to establish a factory in Surat.
• These rights were granted to them by the Mughal Emperor, Jehangir.
• A second factory was established at Madras after having secured the rights from the Vijayanagara ruler.

Additional Information

• The East India Company is now owned by an Indian entrepreneur named Sanjiv Mehta.
• The company was founded in 1600 to import spices, tea and exotic items to Europe from India.
• After the 1857 revolt, the East India Company was disbanded after its soldiers rose in rebellion against the British.
• In India, the historic East India Company is a symbol of oppression and humiliation.
• In 2003, a group of shareholders who owned the East India Company were attempting to revive it as a business selling tea and coffee.
• Indian entrepreneur Sanjiv Mehta procured the company name in 2005.
• He transmuted it into a customer brand focused on luxury teas, coffees, and food.

Given:

A : B = 1 : 3, B : C = 5 : 4 and C : D = 2 : 3

Calculation:

⇒ From the first two ratios, to make the value of B equal,

⇒ LCM of 3 and 5 = 15

⇒ Now, multiplying the first ratio by 5 and second ratio by 3, we get

⇒ A : B = 5 : 15 and B : C = 15 : 12

⇒ As the value of B is common, so combining the ratio we get

⇒ A : B : C = 5 : 15 : 12

⇒ Same way, for the second and third ratio, to make the value of C equal,

⇒ LCM of 12 and 2 = 12

⇒ Now, multiplying the second ratio and third ratio by 6, we get

⇒ A : B : C = 5 : 15 : 12 and C : D = 12 : 18

⇒ As the value of C is common in all, so combining all the ratios we get,

⇒ A : B : C : D = 5 : 15 : 12 : 18

Therefore, the required ratio of A : B : C : D is 5 : 15 : 12 : 18.

The correct answer is Cyber law

Key Points

• Cyber law refers to the legal and regulatory aspects of the Internet and the World Wide Web.
• It covers a broad range of legal issues related to the use of the Internet, such as intellectual property rights, privacy, cybercrimes, and electronic commerce.
• The importance of cyber law has increased with the rapid growth of the Internet and its impact on various aspects of society, business, and governance.
• Each country has its own set of cyber laws to regulate online behavior, protect users' rights, and ensure the security of online transactions.
• Cyber law is crucial for creating a safe and secure digital environment for individuals and businesses.

Additional Information

Cyber law encompasses various legal disciplines including intellectual property, privacy, freedom of expression, and jurisdiction. As the Internet knows no borders, the enforcement of cyber law poses unique challenges, often requiring international cooperation. Notable international efforts include the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime, which seeks to address Internet and computer crime by harmonizing national laws, improving investigative techniques, and increasing cooperation among nations.

Given:

Ratio of length and perimeter of rectangle = 3 : 20

Concept used:

Perimeter of rectangle = 2(l + b)

Calculation:

⇒ According to the question,

⇒ $\frac{l}{2(l+b)}$ = $\frac{3}{20}$

⇒ 6l + 6b = 20l

⇒ 6b = 20l – 6l = 14l

⇒ $\frac{l}{b}$ = $\frac{6}{14}$ = $\frac{3}{7}$

⇒ l : b = 3 : 7

Therefore, the ratio of the length and breadth is 3 : 7

Given:

HCF of two numbers = 5

LCM of two numbers = 210

Numbers are between = 25 and 40

Concept Used:

LCM × HCF = Product of two numbers

Calculation:

⇒ According to the formula,

⇒ 5 × 210 = Product of two numbers

⇒ Product of two numbers = 1050

⇒ As we have HCF of 5, so both the numbers are divisible by 5

⇒ Multiples of 5 between 25 and 40 = 30 and 35

⇒ So, Product of 30 and 35 = 30 × 35 = 1050

⇒ Above condition is satisfied,

⇒ Sum of both numbers = 30 + 35 = 65

Therefore, the sum of the numbers is 65

Given:

Price of an air cooler with tax = Rs. 3,300

Tax on air cooler = 10%

Calculation:

⇒ Let the cost of the air cooler before tax added be Rs x.

⇒ Value added tax (VAT) = 10% of x = 0.1x

⇒ Cost after VAT added = x + 0.1x = 1.1x

⇒ Given cost of cooler = Rs 3300

⇒ 1.1x = 3300

⇒ x = $\frac{3300}{1.1}$

⇒ x = 3000

Therefore, the price of the air cooler before tax was added is Rs. 3,000

Given:

$tan \theta+cot \theta=6$

Concept Used: 

$tan \theta=\frac{1}{cot \theta}$

Calculation:

⇒ $tan \theta+cot \theta=6$

⇒ Squaring on both the sides,

⇒ $(tan \theta+cot \theta)^2=6^2=36$

⇒ $tan^2 \theta+cot^2 \theta+2\times tan \theta\times cot \theta=36$

⇒ $tan^2 \theta+cot^2 \theta+2\times \frac{1}{cot \theta}\times cot \theta=36$

⇒ $tan^2 \theta+cot^2 \theta=36-2=34$

Therefore, the value of $tan^2 \theta+cot^2 \theta$ is 34

Given: 

Numbers between = 1 and 100

Divisor = 6 and 8 both

Calculation:

⇒ Numbers between 1 and 100 that are,

⇒ Divisible by 6 includes = 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 78, 84, 90, 96

⇒ Divisible by 8 includes = 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72, 80, 88, 96

⇒ Common numbers are 24,48,72 and 96

Therefore, 4 numbers are there between 1 and 100 that are exactly divisible by 6 and 8 both.

Given:

LCM of two positive integers = Thrice of larger number

Difference of smaller number and HCF of two numbers = 6

Concept Used:

LCM × HCF = Product of two numbers

Calculation:

⇒ Let the smaller number be x and the larger number be y.

⇒ LCM of x and y = 3y

⇒ According to the question,

⇒ x – HCF = 6

⇒ HCF = x – 6

⇒ Putting the values in the formula,

⇒ 3y × (x – 6) = xy

⇒ 3xy – 18y = xy

⇒ 2xy = 18y

⇒ x = $\frac{18y}{2y}=9$

Therefore, the value of the smaller number is 9

The opposite sides of cubes are:

3^rd cube is not possible from unfolded cube as shaded rectangles are opposite to each other. But in this figure they are adjacent to each other.

Hence, 'option 3' is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Rajasthan.

Key Points

• The World Health Organization awarded the Rajasthan government’s Medical & Health Department its Tobacco Control Award for the year 2019.
• Rohit Kumar Singh, Additional Chief Secretary, Medical, Health & Family Welfare, received the award.
• He received at the National Consultation on Tobacco & Lung Health on 31^st May 2019 in New Delhi.
• The award was conferred by the World Health Organization on the occasion of World No Tobacco Day.

Additional Information

• The medical and health department of Rajasthan is one of the two from India selected for the ‘World No Tobacco Day Award for 2019’.
• WHO selected 33 institutions and individuals across the world for the award.
• In the Southeast Asian region, two have been selected from India.
• One is the Rajasthan government and the other is Prof Raj Kumar, director, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, New Delhi.

The correct answer is carbohydrates.

Key Points

• Starch is a complex carbohydrate that plants use to store energy.
• It is a polysaccharide that consists of a large number of glucose units.
• Plants synthesize starch as a way to store excess glucose, which is a product of photosynthesis.
• Starch is found in significant amounts in staple foods like potatoes, wheat, maize (corn), rice, and cassava.
• When plants need energy, starch is broken down into glucose molecules, which are then used to produce energy through cellular respiration.

Additional Information

Starch plays a crucial role not only in the plant kingdom but also in the human diet as a major source of carbohydrates. It is extensively used in the food industry as a thickener, stabilizer, and filler. Moreover, it serves as a raw material in the production of biofuels and bioplastics, highlighting its importance beyond nutritional aspects.

Given:

Time taken by Ameesha to complete a task = 14 days

Time taken by Bhavya to complete a task = 35 days

Together with Chitra, time taken to complete the work = 6 days

Concept Used:

Rate of work (Efficiency) = $\frac{1}{Time\ taken}$

Sum of per day tasks of all people = Per day task together

Calculation:

⇒ Let Chitra takes x days to complete the work.

⇒ Amount of work done by Ameesha each day = $\frac{1}{14}$

⇒ Amount of work done by Bhavya each day = $\frac{1}{35}$

⇒ According to the formula,

⇒ $\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{35}+\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{6}$

⇒ $\frac{1}{x}+\frac{5+2}{70}=\frac{1}{6}$

⇒ $\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{10}$

⇒ $\frac{1}{x}=\frac{5-3}{30}=\frac{2}{30}=\frac{1}{15}$

⇒ x = 15 days

Therefore, the time taken by Chitra to complete the work is 15 days.

Given:

Capacity of each glass = 1.5 L

Number of glasses required to fill the vessel = 15

Calculation:

⇒ Total capacity of the vessel = 15 × 1.5

⇒ Total capacity of the vessel = 22.5 L

⇒ New capacity of each glass = 0.5 L

⇒ Number of glasses required to fill the glass = $\frac{22.5}{0.5}=45$

Therefore, 45 glasses are required to fill the vessel if the capacity of each glass is 0.5 L