Held in 2025
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Take this paper as a timed mock test. Review your answers after you submit.
Read the paper at your pace. Open an explanation when you need it.
The people of ___________ were famously involved in execution of the Chipko movement.
Gujarat
Delhi
Garhwal Himalayas
Assam
Correct answer
Gujarat
Why do covalent compounds generally have low melting and boiling points?
They contain metallic bonds.
They have strong electrostatic forces.
They have a rigid lattice structure.
They have weak intermolecular forces.
Correct answer
They contain metallic bonds.
Which of the following elements has an atomic number of 8?
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Carbon
Oxygen
Correct answer
Hydrogen
In an aquatic ecosystem, the phenomenon of biomagnification can best be studied in the case of _________.
phosphates
chlorine
organochlorine
DDT
Correct answer
phosphates
Which function key is used to move text or graphics in a document?
F2
F1
F12
F5
Correct answer
F2
A ball of mass 50 grams is moving with a velocity of 15 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?
3.750 J
1.875 J
5.625 J
7.500 J
Correct answer
3.750 J
In January 2025, India launched the NVS-02 satellite to strengthen which of the following navigation systems?
Galileo
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC)
Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS)
Correct answer
Galileo
Which of the following options is NOT a greenhouse gas?
Methane
Carbon tetrachloride
Nitrous oxide
Carbon dioxide
Correct answer
Methane
The main reason for which we are dependent on air is our _____.
osmoregulation
excretion
digestion
respiration
Correct answer
osmoregulation
Which of the following was NOT an artisan guild during the Mauryan period?
మౌర్య కాలంలో ఈ క్రింది వాటిలో ఏది కళాకారుల సంఘం (artisan guild) కాదు?
Astrologer / జ్యోతిష్యుడు
Potters / కుమ్మరులు
Carpenters / వడ్రంగులు
Bankers and Merchants / బ్యాంకర్లు మరియు వ్యాపారులు
Correct answer
Astrologer / జ్యోతిష్యుడు
Who among the following referred to the Directive Principles as the 'life-giving provisions' of the Constitution of India?
Ivor Jennings
BR Ambedkar
HM Seervai
LM Singhvi
Correct answer
Ivor Jennings
What is the primary function of a firewall tool in a computer network?
To speed up internet connections
To monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic
To store data securely
To detect and remove viruses
Correct answer
To speed up internet connections
The President has the power to dissolve which house of Parliament?
Lok Sabha only
Legislative Assembly
Both Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha
Rajya Sabha only
Correct answer
Lok Sabha only
Who among the following developed the notation system for Hindustani classical music?
Pandit Ravi Shankar
Pandit Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande
Ustad Bismillah Khan
Ustad Amjad Ali Khan
Correct answer
Pandit Ravi Shankar
Which of the following MS Excel functions is used to convert a numeric value into a text with a specific format?
NUMBERTOTEXT()
VALUE()
FORMAT()
TEXT()
Correct answer
NUMBERTOTEXT()
In which of the following events did Deepthi Jeevanji set a world record at the 2024 World Para Athletics Championships?
400 metres T20
200 metres T20
100 metres T20
600 metres T20
Correct answer
400 metres T20
A solution is prepared by dissolving 40 g of NaCl in 200 g of water. What is the mass per cent of NaCl in the solution?
45%
16.67%
20%
25%
Correct answer
45%
For the protection and improvement of the environmental quality, the Environment Protection Act came into force in the year _________.
1984
1992
1986
1972
Correct answer
1984
Who among the following Indian female cricketers won the Best International Cricketer Award (Women) at the BCCI Naman Awards 2025?
Smriti Mandhana
Mithali Raj
Harmanpreet Kaur
Jhulan Goswami
Correct answer
Smriti Mandhana
A concave lens has a focal length of −2 cm. What is its power?
25 D
−50 D
−0.5 D
0.5 D
Correct answer
25 D
What does LAN stand for?
Local Area Network
Large Area Network
Limited Access Node
Linked Access Network
Correct answer
Local Area Network
Radiations that are emitted from nuclear wastes are known to cause ________ at a high rate.
diseases
emotional defects
mutations
syndromes
Correct answer
diseases
Which country proposed the idea of holding a United Nations conference on human interactions with the environment in 1968?
United States
Canada
France
Sweden
Correct answer
United States
Which formula should be entered in cell C2 to multiply the values of cells A2 and B2 in Excel?
=A2+B2
=MULTIPLY(A2,B2)
=A2*B2
=A2-B2
Correct answer
=A2+B2
An object is placed 15 cm in front of a convex lens of focal length 25 cm. The image distance will be ______.
−37.5 cm
−10.0 cm
−9.37 cm
17.5 cm
Correct answer
−37.5 cm
Due to global warming, the temperature of the earth has increased by ________
0.8°C
0.7°C
0.6°C
0.5°C
Correct answer
0.8°C
An alloy is considered a homogeneous mixture because:
it contains two or more phases
it exhibits uniform composition throughout
its components can be separated by filtration
its components are chemically combined in fixed proportions
Correct answer
it contains two or more phases
Which of the following is NOT toxic to non-target organisms in the soil?
Organic fertilisers
Fungicides
Herbicides
Pesticides
Correct answer
Organic fertilisers
Which of the following bridges is constructed over the Brahmaputra River in India?
Dhola-Sadiya Bridge
Howrah Bridge
Mahatma Gandhi Setu
Pamban Bridge
Correct answer
Dhola-Sadiya Bridge
Which German optical technology firm inaugurated its first Global Capability Centre in Bengaluru in November 2024, with plans to double its workforce within three years?
Jenoptik
Leica
Schneider Kreuznach
Carl Zeiss AG
Correct answer
Jenoptik
The kinetic energy of an object is derived using which of the following equations of motion?
a = (v – u) / t
s = ut + ½ at2
v = u + at
v2 – u2 = 2as
Correct answer
a = (v – u) / t
What happens to the pH of pure water when a few drops of lemon juice are added?
The pH increases
The pH remains the same
The pH becomes neutral
The pH decreases
Correct answer
The pH increases
Which of the following correctly differentiates mixtures and compounds?
| Feature | Mixture | Compound |
|---|---|---|
| A) Separation | Can be separated by physical methods | Requires chemical methods |
| B) Composition | Fixed ratio | Variable ratio |
| C) Properties | Always the same as constituents | Different from constituents |
| D) Formation | By chemical reaction | By simple mixing |
Option A (Separation) is correct
Option D (Formation) is correct
Option B (Composition) is correct
Option C (Properties) is correct
Correct answer
Option A (Separation) is correct
What is the general orientation of the Himalayan ranges in the northwestern part of India?
East-South
Northeast to Southwest
South-North
Northwest to Southeast
Correct answer
East-South
What is the primary function of a computer firewall?
To speed up internet connectivity
To prevent unauthorised access to a private network
To detect and remove computer viruses
To store user passwords securely
Correct answer
To speed up internet connectivity
Which operating system is known for its open-source nature and community-driven development for desktops and laptops?
iOS
macOS
Windows
Linux
Correct answer
iOS
Which type of RAM is faster and DOES NOT require refreshing?
SRAM
Dynamic Random Access Memory
Flash Memory
ROM
Correct answer
SRAM
A sound wave with a low frequency will have _______.
a low amplitude
a short wavelength
a high pitch
a low pitch
Correct answer
a low amplitude
The power to issue an ordinance when Parliament is NOT in session is given to the President under which Article?
Article 72
Article 110
Article 123
Article 356
Correct answer
Article 72
A metal wire is stretched, but it does not break easily. This property is known as:
hardness
ductility
malleability
brittleness
Correct answer
hardness
The atomic mass of sulphur is 32 u, and sulphur exists as S₈ molecules. What is the molecular mass of sulphur?
256 u
32 u
64 u
128 u
Correct answer
256 u
Where can one find the option to change a PowerPoint template?
View → Slide Master
Insert → Themes
Design → Themes
Home → Layout
Correct answer
View → Slide Master
Who is known as the leader of the Green Revolution in India?
C Subramaniam
Prof. MS Swaminathan
Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Tribhuvandas Kishibhai Patel
Correct answer
C Subramaniam
Which of the following is NOT a source of collection of municipal solid waste?
Waste from homes
Radioactive waste
Waste from hospitals
Waste from schools
Correct answer
Waste from homes
Electricity production is categorised under which of the following economic sectors?
Primary sector
Secondary sector
Tertiary sector
Quaternary sector
Correct answer
Primary sector
Who among the following established the Bengal Chemical Swadeshi Stores?
Dadabhai Naoroji
Surendranath Banerjee
BG Tilak
Acharya PC Ray
Correct answer
Dadabhai Naoroji
The wavelength of ultraviolet radiations which is most powerful and causes damage to the DNA is _____.
UV-C
UV-B
UV-D
UV-A
Correct answer
UV-C
What happens when you click on the 'Forward' button in an email?
A blank email opens.
The original message is copied into a new email draft.
The email is permanently deleted.
The email is automatically sent to all contacts.
Correct answer
A blank email opens.
Which of the following will increase the heat produced by a heating element?
Using a material with high conductivity
Decreasing the applied voltage
Using a wire of lower resistance
Increasing the current flowing through the wire
Correct answer
Using a material with high conductivity
A car moving at a constant speed of 123 km/hr along a straight road is an example of ________.
uniform motion
rotational motion
random motion
non-uniform motion
Correct answer
uniform motion
In Shunt Zener diode voltage regulator circuit, the purpose of the resistor (R) connected in series with the input voltage is:
to filter out noise and ripples in the output voltage
to amplify the input voltage
to limit the current through the Zener diode
to add the input voltage and voltage drop across the resistor R and provide it to the Zener diode
Correct answer
to filter out noise and ripples in the output voltage
In arc heating, the arc is sustained by:
dielectric strength of air
magnetic field
ionisation of air
heat conduction
Correct answer
dielectric strength of air
The difference between Capacity Factor and Load Factor represents __________.
the total energy consumed by the plant
the plant's efficiency in converting fuel to electricity
the maximum demand of the plant
the plant’s reserve capacity for future load growth
Correct answer
the total energy consumed by the plant
Which of the following is characteristic of soft magnetic materials?
Large hysteresis loss
Low coercivity
Low relative permeability
Low absolute permeability
Correct answer
Large hysteresis loss
Find the total current fed at the sending end A, in the given ring distributor ABC_________.
(13.6 + j14.4) A
(12 + j8)
(14.4 + j13.6) A
(8 + j6) A
Correct answer
(13.6 + j14.4) A
Read the given Assertion (A) and Reason (R) carefully and select the correct option.
(A): Weakening of springs in PMMC is due to aging and temperature.
(R): Permanent magnets used in PMMC instruments tend to lose their strength over time.
A is false, but R is true
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
A is true, but R is false.
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Correct answer
A is false, but R is true
With reference to energy band diagram of the NPN BJT, there exist ________ space charge regions and maximum band bending at _________ junction.
three; base collector
two; base emitter
three; base emitter
two; base collector
Correct answer
three; base collector
The ‘π (Pi) Model’ or the ‘T Model’ is commonly used to represent which type of transmission line?
Medium transmission line (80 km to 160 km)
Long transmission line (more than 160 km)
Ultra-high voltage transmission line (above 1000 km)
Short transmission line (less than 80 km)
Correct answer
Medium transmission line (80 km to 160 km)
Why are short-pitch windings preferred in alternators despite their lower induced EMF per coil?
They eliminate the need for insulation.
They increase the length of end connections.
They allow for higher voltage ratings.
They increase the overall efficiency.
Correct answer
They eliminate the need for insulation.
In a Star-Delta Starter used for induction motors, the starting torque is reduced to approximately:
33% of full-load torque
66% of full-load torque
50% of full-load torque
75% of full-load torque
Correct answer
33% of full-load torque
Microwave heating is based on the principle of:
conduction heating
dielectric heating
induction heating
arc heating
Correct answer
conduction heating
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a slip ring induction motor?
High efficiency at all loads
Low starting torque and high starting current
Operates only at synchronous speed
High starting torque and low starting current
Correct answer
High efficiency at all loads
What is the primary purpose of estimation and costing in unit earthing for commercial installations?
To eliminate the need for earthing in electrical systems
To determine the materials, labour and costs required for a safe and effective earthing system
To ensure the earthing system is aesthetically pleasing
To focus only on the decorative aspects of the installation
Correct answer
To eliminate the need for earthing in electrical systems
Consider a fixed bias circuit using a NPN BJT transistor in CE configuration along with base resistance Rb, collector resistance Rc and supply voltage Vcc. If β is the current gain of the BJT, then the stability factor of the fixed bias circuit is:
inversely proportional to β
independent of β
directly proportional to β
inversely proportional to square of β
Correct answer
inversely proportional to β
What is the primary purpose of 'Inter-Turn Fault Protection' in an alternator?
To detect faults between the rotor and stator windings
To monitor the voltage imbalance in the alternator
To protect against earth faults in the rotor winding
To detect faults between adjacent turns of the stator winding
Correct answer
To detect faults between the rotor and stator windings
The direction of the induced EMF in a coil may be found with the help of:
Fleming's right-hand rule
Fleming's left-hand rule
Steinmetz's law
Faraday's law
Correct answer
Fleming's right-hand rule
In a synchronous motor, If the load angle exceeds 90°, then the motor will:
lose synchronism and stall
reduce copper losses
increase efficiency
operate at leading power factor
Correct answer
lose synchronism and stall
What is the role of heliostats in a power tower system?
To store solar energy for later use
To convert thermal energy into electrical energy
To track the Sun and direct sunlight to the receiver
To generate electricity directly
Correct answer
To store solar energy for later use
What law explains the induction of eddy currents in the armature core?
Lenz's Law
Faraday's Law
Ohm's Law
Ampere's Law
Correct answer
Lenz's Law
In an auto transformer, if the voltage transformation ratio is 2 : 1, what is the ratio of the primary current to the secondary current?
2 : 1
1 : 2
1 : 1
2 : 3
Correct answer
2 : 1
What is the purpose of '100% Stator Earth Fault Protection' in an alternator?
To monitor the voltage regulation of the alternator
To detect and protect against earth faults occurring anywhere in the stator winding
To detect and protect against phase-to-phase faults in the stator winding
To protect the rotor winding from overheating
Correct answer
To monitor the voltage regulation of the alternator
Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the errors in a Potential Transformer?
Both Power angle error and Ratio error influence Power measurement.
Both Power angle error and Ratio error are important for measuring Voltage
Power angle error alone affects Voltage measurement in a Potential Transformer.
Voltage measurement in a Potential Transformer depends primarily on Ratio error.
Correct answer
Both Power angle error and Ratio error influence Power measurement.
In the torque-load characteristic curve of a DC series motor, what happens as the load increases?
The torque becomes constant.
The torque decreases proportionally
The torque increases proportionally to the square of the armature current.
The armature current decreases.
Correct answer
The torque becomes constant.
Fleming's Right-Hand Rule is used to determine the direction of:
magnetic field around a conductor
the induced electromotive force
force on a charged particle
current flowing through a conductor
Correct answer
magnetic field around a conductor
In j-notation, used in phasor representation, the imaginary unit j2 represents ____.
-1
√-1
1
0
Correct answer
-1
A power system with a high reactive power demand will result in _____.
high power factor
no change in power factor
unity power factor
low power factor
Correct answer
high power factor
Which factor does NOT affect the starting torque of an induction start synchronous motor?
Field excitation during startup
Rotor reactance
Rotor resistance
Supply voltage
Correct answer
Field excitation during startup
In a power triangle, what is the relationship between active power (P), reactive power (Q) and apparent power (S)?
Q2 = S2 + P2
P2 = S2 + Q2
S = P + Q
S2 = P2 + Q2
Correct answer
Q2 = S2 + P2
In a series RLC circuit, the total impedance is minimum when _______.
XL < Xc
X<sup>L</sup> > Xc
the resistance is zero
XL=XC
Correct answer
XL < Xc
What is the main drawback of using an induction generator in a grid-connected wind turbine?
It is not suitable for wind energy applications.
It cannot generate active power.
It requires external reactive power from the grid.
It cannot operate at high speeds
Correct answer
It is not suitable for wind energy applications.
In a three-phase induction motor which component represents mechanical load in the equivalent circuit?
R2 (1 - s)
\(\rm \frac{R_2(1-s)}{s}\)
\(\rm \frac{sR_2(1-s)}{s}\)
\(\rm \frac{R_2}{s}\)
Correct answer
R2 (1 - s)
In a three-phase star-connected system with a neutral shift, how can the problem be corrected?
By increasing the phase voltage
By increasing the neutral wire resistance
By disconnecting the neutral wire
By balancing the load among the three phases
Correct answer
By increasing the phase voltage
Read the given Assertion (A) and Reason (R) carefully and select the correct option.
(A): The burden of an instrument transformer is usually expressed in volt-amperes (VA).
(R): Burden is the total impedance of the connected devices, including meters, relays, and wiring
Both A and R are true and R is the not the correct explanation of A.
A is false, but R is true.
A is true, but R is false.
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Correct answer
Both A and R are true and R is the not the correct explanation of A.
What is the first step in the design procedure for electrical installations in commercial buildings?
Conducting a load analysis to determine power requirements
Installing protective devices without planning
Selecting decorative lighting fixtures
Ignoring safety standards to reduce costs
Correct answer
Conducting a load analysis to determine power requirements
Which connection method is correct when using a CT and PT with a wattmeter?
CT is connected in series with the wattmeter current coil, and PT is connected in parallel with the voltage coil.
CT is connected in parallel with the wattmeter current coil, and PT is connected in series with the voltage coil.
Both CT and PT are connected in series with the wattmeter.
Both CT and PT are connected in parallel with the wattmeter.
Correct answer
CT is connected in series with the wattmeter current coil, and PT is connected in parallel with the voltage coil.
When armature conductors carry a lower load current, the armature's MMF (magnetomotive force) causes:
no effect on the main field flux
the main field flux to strengthen
an increase in the induced emf
a cross-magnetising effect
Correct answer
no effect on the main field flux
Find the current I4 flowing in the circuit shown below.
13 A
23 A
17 A
27 A
Correct answer
13 A
Winding in wire wound resistor is made up of _____________.
Carbon
Chromium cobalt
Nickel
Nickel-chromium alloy
Correct answer
Carbon
The luminous intensity of a source emitting light uniformly in all directions of 10 lumens per steradian is:
1 candela
5 candela
10 candela
20 candela
Correct answer
1 candela
Shaded pole motors are ideal for ____________.
low-power, continuous-duty applications
intermittent heavy-load tasks
high-vibration environments
precision speed control
Correct answer
low-power, continuous-duty applications
For a P-N junction diode, as the temperature increases the forward knee voltage of the diode ________ and the reverse saturation current __________.
decreases; decreases
increases; decreases
increases; increases
decreases; increases
Correct answer
decreases; decreases
If laplace transform of voltage across capacitor of value 0.5 F is \(\rm V_c(s)=\frac{1}{s^2+1}\), the value of current through capacitor at t = 0+ will be:
1 A
0.5 A
zero
2 A
Correct answer
1 A
Coefficient of coupling between two coils is given as ______, where M = Mutual Inductance, L1 = Self Inductance of coil 1 and L2 = Self Inductance of coil 2
\(\rm \frac{M}{\sqrt{L_1L_2}}\)
\(\rm \frac{\sqrt{L_1L_2}}{M}\)
\(\rm M\sqrt{L_1L_2}\)
L1L2.M
Correct answer
\(\rm \frac{M}{\sqrt{L_1L_2}}\)
Which of the following components is responsible for atomising the fuel in a diesel engine?
Turbocharger
Carburetor
Fuel pump
Injector
Correct answer
Turbocharger
Identify the correct statement related to switching speed of the BJT.
Switching speed of BJT is greater than switching speed on a MOSFET.
Switching speed of BJT is equal to switching speed on a MOSFET.
Switching speed of BJT is less compared to switching speed on a MOSFET.
BJT is an amplifying device and hence cannot work as a switch. Therefore, switching speed parameter does not exist for a BJT.
Correct answer
Switching speed of BJT is greater than switching speed on a MOSFET.
The eddy current loss in a transformer is caused by:
resistance of the primary winding
voltage drop across the windings
saturation of the core material
circulating currents within the core due to changing magnetic flux
Correct answer
resistance of the primary winding
A 0.5Ω shunt resistor is used to measure current with a CRO. If the measured voltage drop is 5V, what is the current?
2.5 A
10 A
5 A
20 A
Correct answer
2.5 A
Electric Arc Welding is a type of:
resistance welding
fusion welding
solid-state welding
pressure welding
Correct answer
resistance welding
Which of the following best describes the role of cogeneration in energy conservation and how the application of a tariff system can help reduce energy bills?
Cogeneration is only applicable in large industrial settings and has no impact on energy conservation, while tariff systems are solely used for revenue generation by utilities.
Cogeneration and tariff systems are unrelated concepts, and neither contributes to energy conservation or cost reduction.
Cogeneration increases energy consumption by producing excess electricity, and tariff systems are used to penalize high energy users without reducing bills.
Cogeneration reduces energy waste by simultaneously producing electricity and useful thermal energy, while a welldesigned tariff system incentivizes off-peak energy usage, lowering overall costs.
Correct answer
Cogeneration is only applicable in large industrial settings and has no impact on energy conservation, while tariff systems are solely used for revenue generation by utilities.
Which of the following materials should NOT be placed in a microwave oven?
Paper
Aluminium foil
Glass
Plastic
Correct answer
Paper
Two magnetic paths BE and BCDE are in parallel and form a parallel magnetic circuit, as shown in the given figure. The Ampere Turn required for this parallel circuit is equal to:
inverse of Ampere Turn required for BE
ampere Turn required for any one of the paths
square of Ampere Turn required for any one of the paths
sum of Ampere Turn required for BE and BCDE
Correct answer
inverse of Ampere Turn required for BE
Which of the following is a common internal fault in transformers?
High power factor leading to overheating
Excessive cooling system efficiency
Overvoltage due to lightning strikes
Winding inter-turn short circuits
Correct answer
High power factor leading to overheating
Which of the following statements regarding active power in AC circuits is INCORRECT?
Active power increases with an increase in power factor.
Active power is the real power consumed by the circuit.
Active power is given by P=VIsinϕ in an AC circuit.
The unit of active power is Watt (W).
Correct answer
Active power increases with an increase in power factor.
Which type of transformer is best suited for applications that require a low leakage reactance?
Ring type transformer
Core type transformer
Shell type transformer
Laminated type transformer
Correct answer
Ring type transformer
For simple fixed bias BJT in common emitter configuration using NPN transistor, base resistance Rb, collector resistance Rc and supply voltage Vcc, the base current __________ with increase in Rb and the emitter current ____________.
decreases; increases
increases; increases
decreases; decreases
increases; decreases
Correct answer
decreases; increases
Which of the following is the commonly used generator in a DC welding machine?
Shunt generator
Permanent magnet generator
Compound generator
Series generator
Correct answer
Shunt generator
The relation between absolute permeability, μ and relative permeability μr of a material is given by:
(Given μo is absolute permeability of air)
\(\rm \mu_0=\frac{\mu_r}{\mu}\)
\(\rm \mu_r=\frac{\mu}{\mu_0}\)
\(\rm \mu=\frac{\mu_0}{\mu_r}\)
μ = μr
Correct answer
\(\rm \mu_0=\frac{\mu_r}{\mu}\)
If the quality factor (Q) of a resonant series circuit increases, then what happens to the voltage magnification?
It remains the same because supply voltage is constant.
It increases because energy losses decrease.
It becomes zero because resonance cancels the reactance
It decreases because resistance increases.
Correct answer
It remains the same because supply voltage is constant.
Universal motors exhibit high starting torque due to _______.
series connection of stator and rotor windings
permanent magnet stators
shunt winding configuration
use of squirrel-cage rotors
Correct answer
series connection of stator and rotor windings
How does the starting torque of a split-phase motor compare with that of a shaded-pole motor?
Both have similar starting torque.
Split-phase motors have higher starting torque.
Split-phase motors have no starting torque.
Shaded-pole motors have higher starting torque.
Correct answer
Both have similar starting torque.
In a biomass power plant, what is the main purpose of the combustion/gasification chamber?
To cool down the system after power generation
To store biomass for future use
To burn biomass or convert it into syngas for energy generation
To distribute electricity to the grid
Correct answer
To cool down the system after power generation
A composite magnetic circuit consisting of three different magnetic material of different permeability are joined in the form of a ring. The total reluctance is:
the sum of individual reluctances.
thrice the reluctance of material 1
the product of individual reluctances
inverse of the sum of individual reluctances
Correct answer
the sum of individual reluctances.
Why is an electrodynamometer-type wattmeter used as a standard instrument in laboratories?
It works only for low-power circuits
It has high accuracy and precision.
It is cheaper than other wattmeters.
It requires no external power supply.
Correct answer
It works only for low-power circuits
Why does Kelvin’s Law give different conductor sizes for two identical systems?
Because the electrical load is different in both systems
Due to variations in interest rates, depreciation, and energy costs
Because one system uses overhead lines and the other uses underground cables
Because the resistance of conductors is always changing
Correct answer
Because the electrical load is different in both systems
Magnetic fringing can be minimised by:
scattering the magnetic flux
decreasing the temperature
using low quality magnetic material
reducing the air gap
Correct answer
scattering the magnetic flux
Calculate the potential difference of an energy source that provides 6.8 J for every millicoulomb of charge that it delivers.
6.8 mV
6.8 kV
6.8 V
0.68 V
Correct answer
6.8 mV
Which of the following is NOT a condition for the parallel operation of transformers?
Same per unit impedance
Same voltage ratio
Same core material
Same polarity
Correct answer
Same per unit impedance
The total collector current for a BJT operating in the active region is given by the relation _________ and the leakage current component is ___________.
Ic = Ico(minority); majority carrier component
Ic = Ic(majority) + Ico(minority); majority carrier component
Ic = Ic(majority); minority carrier component
Ic = Ic(majority) + Ico(minority); minority carrier component
Correct answer
Ic = Ico(minority); majority carrier component
What is a key factor in the installation and costing of electrical systems for commercial buildings?
Ignoring safety standards to reduce costs
Ensuring compliance with electrical codes and standards while estimating materials and labour costs
Focusing only on decorative lighting and aesthetics
Eliminating the use of protective devices
Correct answer
Ignoring safety standards to reduce costs
Which of the following is a commonly used light source in modern street light installations?
Fluorescent tubes
Candles
Incandescent bulbs
High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) lamps
Correct answer
Fluorescent tubes
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a PMMC instrument?
Suitable for AC and DC measurements
Linear scale
High accuracy
Low power consumption
Correct answer
Suitable for AC and DC measurements
Stray load losses in synchronous motors are caused by __________.
poor lubrication in bearings
excessive field excitation
leakage fluxes and harmonic effects
high rotor inertia
Correct answer
poor lubrication in bearings
In Lambert’s Cosine Law, the angle θ is measured between:
reflected light and normal
source and observer
incident light and normal
horizontal and vertical plane
Correct answer
reflected light and normal
A single-phase distributor, 2 km long, has a line impedance of (0.2 + 0.3j) Ω/km. It supplies a load at the far end, where the voltage VB is 100 V and the current is 100 A at unity power factor. Additionally, a load of 100 A at 0.8 power factor lagging is connected at its midpoint. Calculate the voltage drop at the midpoint.
120 + j15
110 + j15
210 + j15
120 + j30
Correct answer
120 + j15
What is the purpose of a closed feeder ring in an interconnected system?
To reduce voltage stability
To prevent power distribution
To disconnect substations from each other
To create a looped power supply network
Correct answer
To reduce voltage stability
The collector to base bias circuit in BJT has better stability than fixed bias circuit as __________.
it can operate on higher supply voltages than that of fixed bias circuit
it can operate on higher power than fixed bias circuit
its stability factor is lower than that of fixed bias
its stability factor is higher than that of fixed bias
Correct answer
it can operate on higher supply voltages than that of fixed bias circuit
Which underground cable laying method requires re-excavation for load expansion, making modifications costly?
Draw-in System
Overhead System
Trough Laying
Direct Laying
Correct answer
Draw-in System
Power of an electrical system is measured in _____.
watt-sec
newton-metre
joule
watt
Correct answer
watt-sec
If the frequency of a series R-C circuit is increased, what happens to the capacitive reactance XC?
It decreases
It remains constant
It increases
It becomes infinite
Correct answer
It decreases
Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the vector method in AC circuit analysis?
The vector method is used to represent sinusoidal AC quantities.
The vector method helps in determining the phase difference between voltage and current.
Phasors in the vector method rotate in a clockwise direction in the complex plane.
Phasor diagrams are used to solve AC circuit problems involving impedance.
Correct answer
The vector method is used to represent sinusoidal AC quantities.
A nuclear reactor produces 3.2×1010 J of energy per second. How many fissions occur per second if each fission releases 200 MeV?
1010
1021
1011
1019
Correct answer
1010
In relay terminology, what does the term 'pickup value' refer to?
The time delay before the relay operates after detecting a fault
The minimum value of the operating quantity (current, voltage, etc.) required to activate the relay
The voltage level at which the relay resets after a fault is cleared
The maximum current a relay can withstand without damage
Correct answer
The time delay before the relay operates after detecting a fault
The luminous intensity of a light source is defined as the luminous flux per unit:
volume
length
area
solid angle
Correct answer
volume
Which control method enables four-quadrant operation of induction motors?
Variable Frequency Drive (VFD)
Rotor resistance control
Stator voltage control
Direct On-Line (DOL) starting
Correct answer
Variable Frequency Drive (VFD)
The EMF equation of a transformer is given by:
E = 4.44fNϕ
E = 4.44fNAϕ
E = 4.44NAϕ
E = 4.44f2ϕN
Correct answer
E = 4.44fNϕ
Which of the following is an example of a constant load application for a DC shunt motor?
Centrifugal pump
DC arc welding
Induction heating
Electric motor
Correct answer
Centrifugal pump
In large-scale solar PV plants, why is string inverter technology preferred over central inverters in some cases?
It requires fewer connections and is easier to maintain.
It generates higher voltage DC output.
It reduces power losses due to shading and mismatch.
It eliminates the need for AC cabling.
Correct answer
It requires fewer connections and is easier to maintain.
How many types of heating elements are commonly used in electric irons?
Four
Two
One
Three
Correct answer
Four
What is the bias stability factor (S) for a fixed bias circuit?
S = (1 + β) / (1 + β + β^2)
S = (1 + β)
S = β / (1 + β)
S = 1 / (1 + β)
Correct answer
S = (1 + β) / (1 + β + β^2)
During the no-load test of a transformer, the secondary winding is:
connected to a load
connected in parallel with the primary winding
short-circuited
open-circuited
Correct answer
connected to a load
The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor depends upon:
potential difference between plates
thickness of plates
separation between plates
type of metal used
Correct answer
potential difference between plates
In Norton’s Theorem, the equivalent circuit consists of _____.
a voltage source in parallel with a resistor
a current source in series with a resistor
a current source in parallel with a resistor
a voltage source in series with a resistor
Correct answer
a voltage source in parallel with a resistor
Which of the following is a critical factor in the installation and estimation of agricultural pumps and flourmills?
Ignoring the load characteristics to simplify the design
Focusing only on the mechanical components of the system
Ensuring the system operates without any protective devices
Calculating the power requirements and selecting appropriate protective devices
Correct answer
Ignoring the load characteristics to simplify the design
If the impedance of a parallel circuit is given by Z = 5 − j4, then the admittance is given by________.
5 + j4
5 − j4
9
\(\frac{5+j4}{41}\)
Correct answer
5 + j4
Why is voltage drop analysis important in an AC distribution system?
To increase power losses
To reduce the system frequency
To increase resistance in the conductors
To ensure voltage levels remain within acceptable limits
Correct answer
To increase power losses
In a transformer, if the frequency of the supply voltage is increased, what happens to the induced voltage?
It becomes zero
It remains the same
It decreases
It increases
Correct answer
It becomes zero
In a transformer, the efficiency can be calculated with reasonable accuracy by knowing:
the losses (core and copper losses)
the input and output voltage
the short-circuit current
the rated power
Correct answer
the losses (core and copper losses)
If the power factor of a three-phase system is 0.8, and the apparent power is 10 kVA, then what is the active power?
8 kW
10 kW
12 kW
6 kW
Correct answer
8 kW
How can polarity in transformers be verified?
By conducting a short circuit test
By measuring the input current
By checking the voltage across the secondary winding
By using a voltmeter to measure the voltage difference
Correct answer
By conducting a short circuit test
What will be the voltage relationship of frequency domain relation for inductor having time domain v(t) = Ldi/dt?
V(s) = LsI(s) − Li(0)
V(s) = LI(s)
V(s) = LsI(s)
V(s) = LI(s) − Li(0)
Correct answer
V(s) = LsI(s) − Li(0)
150 questions in the full paper