Official Paper

RRB JE CBT 2 (CMA) Official Paper (Held On: 2 Jul, 2026) (Previous Year Paper)

150 questions · 120 minutes · with answers · free

Attempt as Timed Mock Test

General Abilities (50 questions)

1

Which condition is required for a displacement reaction between a metal and salt solution?

  1. ((a))

    Metal must be same as salt constituent

  2. ((b))

    Metal must be higher in reactivity series

  3. ((c))

    Reaction must be endothermic

  4. ((d))

    Salt must be insoluble in water

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Metal must be same as salt constituent

2

According to the Article 75 of the Indian Constitution, the total number of ministers (including the Prime Minister) in the Council of Ministers shall NOT exceed what percentage of the total members of the House of the People, i.e., Lok Sabha?

  1. ((a))

    25%

  2. ((b))

    20%

  3. ((c))

    15%

  4. ((d))

    10%

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

25%

3

A construction worker needs to lift a heavy metal beam using a lever but has a limited length of plank. Which adjustment would allow the worker to lift the beam with the least effort if the position of the fulcrum can be changed but the plank length remains constant?

  1. ((a))

    Keep the fulcrum fixed at any point

  2. ((b))

    Move the fulcrum closer to the beam

  3. ((c))

    Place the fulcrum at the center of the plank

  4. ((d))

    Move the fulcrum closer to the worker

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Keep the fulcrum fixed at any point

4

What file extension is used to save an MS PowerPoint 2021 presentation?

  1. ((a))

    .docx

  2. ((b))

    .xlsx

  3. ((c))

    .pdf

  4. ((d))

    .pptx

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

.docx

5

According to Thomson’s model, how are electrons arranged in an atom?

  1. ((a))

    Randomly placed inside the nucleus

  2. ((b))

    Orbiting around neutrons in elliptical paths

  3. ((c))

    Embedded in a positively charged sphere like seeds in a watermelon

  4. ((d))

    Moving in fixed orbits around the nucleus

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Randomly placed inside the nucleus

6

A student pushes a heavy box that is already moving across a rough floor. If the force applied by the student is exactly equal to the frictional force opposing the motion, what will happen to the box?

  1. ((a))

    The box will move at a constant speed

  2. ((b))

    The box will move at increasing speed

  3. ((c))

    The box will gradually come to rest

  4. ((d))

    The box will accelerate forward

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The box will move at a constant speed

7

What is the main reason sulfur dioxide irritates the upper respiratory mucous membrane?

  1. ((a))

    It dissolves in moisture in upper respiratory tract and forms irritant

  2. ((b))

    It combines with other pollutants and polymerizes in the lungs

  3. ((c))

    It combines with haemoglobin and effect the oxygen transport

  4. ((d))

    It oxidizes to sulphur trioxide and inhaled deep into lung

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

It dissolves in moisture in upper respiratory tract and forms irritant

8

Which type of computer virus attaches itself to executable files and gets activated when the file is run?

  1. ((a))

    Worm

  2. ((b))

    Macro Virus

  3. ((c))

    Boot Sector Virus

  4. ((d))

    File Infector Virus

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Worm

9

Which of the following statements is true about the Outbox?

  1. ((a))

    It is used to receive incoming emails.

  2. ((b))

    It contains emails that are currently being drafted.

  3. ((c))

    It temporarily stores emails that are queued for sending.

  4. ((d))

    It holds emails that have been successfully sent.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

It is used to receive incoming emails.

10

Which experimental discovery contradicted Thomson's model of the atom and led to its rejection?

  1. ((a))

    Discovery of the neutron by James Chadwick

  2. ((b))

    Alpha particle scattering showing deflection at large angles

  3. ((c))

    Measurement of atomic radius using X-ray diffraction

  4. ((d))

    Observation of line spectra of hydrogen by Bohr

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Discovery of the neutron by James Chadwick

11

If cell A1 = 10 and B1 = 20, what will =A1+B1 return?

  1. ((a))

    200

  2. ((b))

    30

  3. ((c))

    Error

  4. ((d))

    1020

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

200

12

In a real-life scenario, a chemist discovers a compound with the formula CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2OH. What is the correct IUPAC name for this compound?

  1. ((a))

    3-methylhexanol

  2. ((b))

    4-methylpentanol

  3. ((c))

    3-methylpentan-1-ol

  4. ((d))

    2-methylhexanol

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

3-methylhexanol

13

Which pair of sectors is commonly addressed together in State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC) adaptation planning?

  1. ((a))

    Heavy industry and entertainment

  2. ((b))

    Information technology and space research

  3. ((c))

    Textile design and fashion marketing

  4. ((d))

    Water resources and health systems

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Heavy industry and entertainment

14

The Atal Bhujal Yojana 2020 focused on improving water resources management of how many states?

  1. ((a))

    eight

  2. ((b))

    ten

  3. ((c))

    five

  4. ((d))

    seven

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

eight

15

Who won the maximum number of medals at the 38th National Games of India?

  1. ((a))

    Manu Bhaker

  2. ((b))

    Neeraj Chopra

  3. ((c))

    Bajrang Punia

  4. ((d))

    Dhinidhi Desinghu

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Manu Bhaker

16

Which of the following best describes how sound travels through air?

  1. ((a))

    The air particles vibrate up and down perpendicular to the direction of the wave

  2. ((b))

    The air particles move in circular paths as the wave passes

  3. ((c))

    The air particles remain stationary while the wave moves through

  4. ((d))

    The air particles vibrate back and forth parallel to the direction of the wave

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The air particles vibrate up and down perpendicular to the direction of the wave

17

Which of the following Articles states about the right of individual to form associations or unions or co-operative societies?

  1. ((a))

    Article 19 (1) (c)

  2. ((b))

    Article 19 (1) (b)

  3. ((c))

    Article 19 (1) (a)

  4. ((d))

    Article 19 (1) (d)

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Article 19 (1) (c)

18

The primary method of managing biodegradable domestic waste after collection is _________________.

  1. ((a))

    burnt in open air

  2. ((b))

    conversion into compost

  3. ((c))

    sending for recycling

  4. ((d))

    throwing into sewers

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

burnt in open air

19

Which Quick Style type is applied only to selected words or individual characters within a paragraph in MS Word 2010?

  1. ((a))

    Character styles

  2. ((b))

    Paragraph styles

  3. ((c))

    Page styles

  4. ((d))

    Linked styles

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Character styles

20

If 10 grams of salt are dissolved in 100 mL of water, which component is the solute?

  1. ((a))

    Neither

  2. ((b))

    Salt only

  3. ((c))

    Water only

  4. ((d))

    Both salt and water

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Neither

21

The pollutant group commonly associated with oil spills in oceans is ______________.

  1. ((a))

    synthetic detergents

  2. ((b))

    petroleum products

  3. ((c))

    agricultural pesticides

  4. ((d))

    chemical fertilizers

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

synthetic detergents

22

Which of the following best describes the velocity-time graph for an object moving with uniform velocity?

  1. ((a))

    A straight horizontal line parallel to the time axis

  2. ((b))

    A curved line above the time axis

  3. ((c))

    A straight line sloping upwards from the time axis

  4. ((d))

    A line starting from the origin and sloping upwards

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

A straight horizontal line parallel to the time axis

23

A student accidentally spills some hydrochloric acid on a table. Which substance should be used to neutralise the acid safely?

  1. ((a))

    Lemon juice

  2. ((b))

    Baking soda solution

  3. ((c))

    Sugar solution

  4. ((d))

    Vinegar

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Lemon juice

24

The atmospheric component that remains largely unreactive is _____________.

  1. ((a))

    Carbon dioxide

  2. ((b))

    Methane

  3. ((c))

    Oxygen

  4. ((d))

    Argon

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Carbon dioxide

25

Which of the following satellites was launched on November 2, 2025, to enhance the Indian Navy’s secure communication network and maritime surveillance capabilities?

  1. ((a))

    RISAT-2B

  2. ((b))

    GSAT-6A

  3. ((c))

    CMS-03 (GSAT-7R)

  4. ((d))

    Cartosat-3

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

RISAT-2B

26

Which of the following rivers forms a delta along the eastern coastal plains?

  1. ((a))

    Tapi

  2. ((b))

    Narmada

  3. ((c))

    Godavari

  4. ((d))

    Ganga

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Tapi

27

Which new warship was commissioned by the Indian Navy in November, 2025, to strengthen anti-submarine and coastal defence capabilities?

  1. ((a))

    INS Vikrant

  2. ((b))

    INS Mahe

  3. ((c))

    INS Ikshak

  4. ((d))

    INS Arnala

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

INS Vikrant

28

The primary goal of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) is to:

  1. ((a))

    Develop urban infrastructure

  2. ((b))

    Provide rural connectivity through road construction

  3. ((c))

    Enhance telecommunication services in cities

  4. ((d))

    Promote renewable energy usage

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Develop urban infrastructure

29

Which of the following is/are the primary reasons to fall in the trap of Email fraud or phishing?
A) Paying attention to lucrative offers.
B) Not checking on links or attachments from unknown senders
C) Providing official information via email
D) Paying attention to the company logo sent in the email

  1. ((a))

    A, B Only

  2. ((b))

    A, B, D Only

  3. ((c))

    A, B, C Only

  4. ((d))

    A only

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

A, B Only

30

The Kol Rebellion (1831–32) mainly affected which plateau region?

  1. ((a))

    Meghalaya Plateau

  2. ((b))

    Deccan Plateau

  3. ((c))

    Malwa Plateau

  4. ((d))

    Chotanagpur Plateau

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Meghalaya Plateau

31

A farmer applies large amounts of chemical fertilizers over several years. Which consequence most likely results from this practice leading to soil pollution?

  1. ((a))

    Erosion of surface soil layers

  2. ((b))

    Faster plant growth every season

  3. ((c))

    Increase in earthworm population

  4. ((d))

    Accumulation of toxic substances in soil

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Erosion of surface soil layers

32

Which British colonial building in Mumbai, completed in 1888, showcases a blend of Victorian Gothic and Indian architectural elements?

  1. ((a))

    Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus

  2. ((b))

    Gateway of India

  3. ((c))

    Rajabai Clock Tower

  4. ((d))

    Bombay Town Hall

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus

33

Which of the following statements best describes the behavior of magnetic field lines around a straight current-carrying conductor?

  1. ((a))

    They change direction randomly along the wire.

  2. ((b))

    They radiate straight outward from the wire.

  3. ((c))

    They form concentric circles centered on the conductor.

  4. ((d))

    They are parallel straight lines along the wire.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

They change direction randomly along the wire.

34

Consider the following statements regarding chemical reactions and choose the correct option.

Statement I: Every reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form a single product is classified as a combination reaction regardless of heat change.

Statement II: The reaction CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(aq) + heat is both a combination reaction and an exothermic reaction.

  1. ((a))

    Both statements are incorrect

  2. ((b))

    Both statements are correct

  3. ((c))

    Only Statement II is correct

  4. ((d))

    Only Statement I is correct

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Both statements are incorrect

35

How can we locate a file with a known extension but an unknown name in a large directory?

  1. ((a))

    Using the dir command

  2. ((b))

    Using the Search box in File Explorer with *.ext

  3. ((c))

    Checking the Recycle Bin

  4. ((d))

    Through File Explorer

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Using the dir command

36

When was the 11th National Handloom Day celebrated across India under the coordination of the Ministry of Textiles?

  1. ((a))

    September 7, 2025

  2. ((b))

    November 7, 2025

  3. ((c))

    August 7, 2025

  4. ((d))

    October 7, 2025

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

September 7, 2025

37

Which function returns the smallest value?

  1. ((a))

    AVERAGE

  2. ((b))

    COUNT()

  3. ((c))

    MAX()

  4. ((d))

    MIN()

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

AVERAGE

38

A field exposed to excessive pesticide use shows a sharp decline in earthworm population. The resulting effect on soil is:

  1. ((a))

    Reduced soil fertility

  2. ((b))

    Enhanced decomposition

  3. ((c))

    Increased water retention

  4. ((d))

    Improved aeration

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Reduced soil fertility

39

Which of the following statements best describes how the power of accommodation enables the human eye to focus on both near and distant objects?

  1. ((a))

    The cornea provides all the focusing power required for clear vision

  2. ((b))

    The eye lens changes its focal length by altering its shape through ciliary muscle action

  3. ((c))

    The iris controls the amount of light entering and helps to focus

  4. ((d))

    The retina moves forward and backward to adjust the focus

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The cornea provides all the focusing power required for clear vision

40

On which date is National Handloom Day observed in India?

  1. ((a))

    2 October

  2. ((b))

    18 August

  3. ((c))

    5 September

  4. ((d))

    7 August

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

2 October

41

What is the general formula of alkenes?

  1. ((a))

    CnHn

  2. ((b))

    CnH2n−2

  3. ((c))

    CnH2n

  4. ((d))

    CnH2n+2

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

CnHn

42

Which of the following options must be DISABLED before manually setting the date and time in Windows?

  1. ((a))

    Enable multiple clocks

  2. ((b))

    Set time automatically

  3. ((c))

    Night Light

  4. ((d))

    Set time zone globally

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Enable multiple clocks

43

The Mappila Uprisings of the 19th century occurred mainly in which region of India?

  1. ((a))

    Malabar region of Kerala

  2. ((b))

    Coromandel Coast of Tamil Nadu

  3. ((c))

    Sunderbans region of West Bengal

  4. ((d))

    Konkan region of Maharashtra

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Malabar region of Kerala

44

Biomedical waste handlers in a hospital are at risk of occupational hazards. The most effective way to protect them from exposure to infectious materials is:

  1. ((a))

    Segregation of waste into color-coded bins

  2. ((b))

    Use of protective equipment and safe handling

  3. ((c))

    Vaccination against common infections

  4. ((d))

    Regular medical check-ups

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Segregation of waste into color-coded bins

45

Which of the following is a primary mission under India's National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)?

  1. ((a))

    National Nutrition Mission

  2. ((b))

    National Solar Mission

  3. ((c))

    National Rural Livelihood Mission

  4. ((d))

    National Highway Development Project

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

National Nutrition Mission

46

The term 'smog' is a combination of ____________.

  1. ((a))

    Fog and clouds

  2. ((b))

    Smoke and haze

  3. ((c))

    Smoke and fog

  4. ((d))

    Smog and mist

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Fog and clouds

47

Match the following columns.

Pardoning powerFunction
1. Commutationa. Removes both sentence and the conviction.
2. Reprieveb. Lesser sentence than originally given, in special cases.
3. Respitec. Reducing the period of sentence without changing the character of the sentence.
4. Remissiond. Temporary stay on the execution of a sentence.
5. Pardone. Substitution of one form of punishment to a lighter one.
  1. ((a))

    1-e, 2-d, 3-b, 4-c, 5-a

  2. ((b))

    1-c, 2-e, 3-b, 4-a, 5-d

  3. ((c))

    1-d, 2-b, 3-e, 4-c, 5-a

  4. ((d))

    1-a, 2-c, 3-d, 4-e, 5-b

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

1-e, 2-d, 3-b, 4-c, 5-a

48

Which of the following indicators is NOT typically used to measure sustainable development?

  1. ((a))

    Human Development Index (HDI)

  2. ((b))

    Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate

  3. ((c))

    Biocapacity

  4. ((d))

    Ecological Footprint

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Human Development Index (HDI)

49

A factory plans to install a powerful electromagnet for lifting metal scraps. To maximize the magnetic field strength around the coil, which of the following combinations would be most effective?

  1. ((a))

    Using a copper core, increasing coil turns, and lowering current

  2. ((b))

    Using an air core, decreasing coil turns, and keeping current constant

  3. ((c))

    Using a steel core, decreasing coil turns, and lowering current

  4. ((d))

    Using a soft iron core, increasing coil turns, and increasing current through the coil

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Using a copper core, increasing coil turns, and lowering current

50

You want to automatically advance slides with narration and animations during a presentation. Which MS PowerPoint feature should you use to achieve this?

  1. ((a))

    Action Buttons

  2. ((b))

    Slide Sorter

  3. ((c))

    Rehearse Timings

  4. ((d))

    Presenter View

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Action Buttons

Technical Abilities (100 questions)

51

Electric potential at a point is defined as the work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to that point ________.

  1. ((a))

    Without changing kinetic energy

  2. ((b))

    With infinite acceleration always

  3. ((c))

    Only in magnetic fields

  4. ((d))

    Along a circular closed path

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Without changing kinetic energy

52

Plaster of Paris is prepared by heating which of the following substances?

  1. ((a))

    Calcium carbonate

  2. ((b))

    Gypsum

  3. ((c))

    Sodium chloride

  4. ((d))

    Calcium hydroxide

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Calcium carbonate

53

What determines the reactivity of elements in chemical reactions?

  1. ((a))

    Reactivity independent of electron transfer in reactions

  2. ((b))

    Reactivity depends on ease of electron loss or gain

  3. ((c))

    Reactivity depends only on nuclear properties of atoms

  4. ((d))

    Reactivity remains constant for all chemical elements

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Reactivity independent of electron transfer in reactions

54

A cylinder fitted with a frictionless movable piston contains 2 moles of an ideal gas at 27°C and a volume of 10 L. The gas is heated to 127°C while maintaining constant pressure. What will be the final volume of the gas?

  1. ((a))

    13.3 L

  2. ((b))

    10.8 L

  3. ((c))

    12.0 L

  4. ((d))

    15.0 L

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

13.3 L

55

For an sp3 molecule with one lone pair, how and why does the bond angle change compared to the ideal tetrahedral angle?

  1. ((a))

    The bond angle will decrease due to lone pair-bond pair repulsion

  2. ((b))

    The bond angle will decrease due to increased nucleus attraction

  3. ((c))

    The bond angle will increase due to electron sharing

  4. ((d))

    The bond angle will remain unchanged due to stable geometry

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The bond angle will decrease due to lone pair-bond pair repulsion

56

Cathode rays observed in discharge tubes are best described as:

  1. ((a))

    Streams of electrons moving from cathode toward anode

  2. ((b))

    Streams of photons emitted from heated metal electrodes

  3. ((c))

    Streams of neutrons moving randomly inside the tube

  4. ((d))

    Streams of protons moving from anode toward cathode

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Streams of electrons moving from cathode toward anode

57

A sealed container holds equal masses of hydrogen and oxygen at the same temperature. Using the kinetic interpretation of temperature, what can be concluded about the average kinetic energies and speeds of the two types of gas molecules?

  1. ((a))

    Both gases possess matching mean kinetic energies, but heavier oxygen molecules maintain higher average velocities.

  2. ((b))

    Hydrogen molecules possess greater mean kinetic energies but simultaneously maintain matching average velocities.

  3. ((c))

    Both gases possess matching mean kinetic energies, but lighter hydrogen molecules maintain higher average velocities.

  4. ((d))

    Hydrogen molecules possess greater mean kinetic energies and simultaneously maintain higher average velocities.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Both gases possess matching mean kinetic energies, but heavier oxygen molecules maintain higher average velocities.

58

The spectral lines in a hydrogen series become closer together because the energy levels at higher n values __________.

  1. ((a))

    Become closer together

  2. ((b))

    Disappear completely

  3. ((c))

    Remain equally spaced

  4. ((d))

    Become farther apart

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Become closer together

59

Which of the following statements correctly describe magnetic field lines around a bar magnet?

  1. Outside the magnet, field lines go from North to South.
  2. Inside the magnet, field lines go from North to South.
  3. Magnetic field lines always form closed loops.
  4. Magnetic field lines are discontinuous at the poles.
  1. ((a))

    1, 2, 3 and 4

  2. ((b))

    2 and 3 only

  3. ((c))

    1 and 3 only

  4. ((d))

    1, 2 and 4 only

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

1, 2, 3 and 4

60

Why is the net magnetic flux through any closed surface always zero?

  1. ((a))

    Magnetic field lines are straight

  2. ((b))

    Magnetic field is weak

  3. ((c))

    Magnetic monopoles do not exist

  4. ((d))

    Electric charges cancel magnetic field

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Magnetic field lines are straight

61

A body of mass m is dropped from a height h. When it has fallen through a distance of 2h/3, the ratio of its kinetic energy to potential energy is __________.

  1. ((a))

    3:1

  2. ((b))

    2:1

  3. ((c))

    1:2

  4. ((d))

    1:1

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

3:1

62

Before breakdown, increasing reverse voltage causes reverse saturation current to __________.

  1. ((a))

    Become exactly zero

  2. ((b))

    Change into forward current

  3. ((c))

    Remain approximately constant

  4. ((d))

    Increase rapidly from the beginning

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Become exactly zero

63

According to the Aufbau principle, how are electrons distributed among atomic orbitals?

  1. ((a))

    Electrons fill highest energy orbitals before lower ones

  2. ((b))

    Orbital filling is independent of relative energy levels

  3. ((c))

    Filling occurs in order of increasing energy of orbitals

  4. ((d))

    Electrons occupy orbitals randomly without any energy order

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Electrons fill highest energy orbitals before lower ones

64

Which functional group is commonly found in vinegar and gives it acidic properties?

  1. ((a))

    Ester group

  2. ((b))

    Amino group

  3. ((c))

    Hydroxyl group

  4. ((d))

    Carboxyl group

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Ester group

65

Proton discovery is associated with which observation in discharge tube experiments?

  1. ((a))

    Canal rays contain positively charged particles identified as protons

  2. ((b))

    Cathode rays contain negatively charged particles identified as protons

  3. ((c))

    Cathode rays contain photons emitted from metal electrodes

  4. ((d))

    Canal rays contain neutral particles identified as neutrons

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Canal rays contain positively charged particles identified as protons

66

Which of the following situations can represent non-uniform motion of a particle?

  1. ((a))

    Equal distances covered in equal intervals of time.

  2. ((b))

    A horizontal line in a velocity–time graph

  3. ((c))

    A straight-line distance–time graph with constant slope

  4. ((d))

    A curved distance–time graph

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Equal distances covered in equal intervals of time.

67

Beta decay helps unstable nuclei achieve stability mainly by adjusting the __________.

  1. ((a))

    Electron orbital speed only

  2. ((b))

    Nuclear volume to infinity

  3. ((c))

    Neutron-proton ratio

  4. ((d))

    Atomic radius only

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Electron orbital speed only

68

A molecule containing a hydroxyl group attached to a saturated carbon atom is most appropriately classified under which category?

  1. ((a))

    It is an aldehyde

  2. ((b))

    It is an ether

  3. ((c))

    It is an alcohol

  4. ((d))

    It is an amide

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

It is an aldehyde

69

The Bohr radius increases in higher orbits because the electron __________.

  1. ((a))

    Stops revolving completely

  2. ((b))

    Gains positive charge

  3. ((c))

    Loses all kinetic energy

  4. ((d))

    Moves farther from nucleus

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Stops revolving completely

70

What happens to a plane wavefront after reflecting from a concave mirror whose principal axis is perpendicular to the incident wavefront?

  1. ((a))

    It retains its structural orientation to emerge as a flat plane wavefront moving along the parallel axis.

  2. ((b))

    It undergoes a shape transition to emerge as a spherical wavefront expanding outward toward infinity.

  3. ((c))

    It breaks apart into irregular fragments to emerge as a highly scattered wave moving in random paths.

  4. ((d))

    It undergoes a shape transition to emerge as a spherical wavefront converging toward a focal point.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

It retains its structural orientation to emerge as a flat plane wavefront moving along the parallel axis.

71

In the parallelogram method of vector addition, two vectors are drawn from the same point as adjacent sides of a parallelogram. What does the diagonal passing through the common point represent?

  1. ((a))

    The difference between the two vectors

  2. ((b))

    The resultant vector in both magnitude and direction

  3. ((c))

    The average of the two vectors

  4. ((d))

    The scalar sum of the two vectors

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The difference between the two vectors

72

Why does high-density polythene exhibit greater tensile strength than low-density polythene?

  1. ((a))

    High-density polythene is manufactured at higher temperatures

  2. ((b))

    Low-density polythene contains more amorphous chain regions

  3. ((c))

    Low-density polythene contains extensive cross-linked structures

  4. ((d))

    High-density polythene contains linear and closely packed chains

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

High-density polythene is manufactured at higher temperatures

73

Which of the following equations is dimensionally consistent?

  1. ((a))

    Energy = mass × velocity

  2. ((b))

    Force = mass × acceleration

  3. ((c))

    Power = force × time

  4. ((d))

    Velocity = mass × time

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Energy = mass × velocity

74

What does the Aufbau principle state about electron filling in orbitals?

  1. ((a))

    Energy levels do not affect electron filling order

  2. ((b))

    Lower energy orbitals filled before higher energy orbitals

  3. ((c))

    Orbitals filled randomly without energy consideration

  4. ((d))

    Higher energy orbitals filled before lower energy orbitals

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Energy levels do not affect electron filling order

75

A vehicle manufacturer is designing engines compatible with both petrol and alcohol-based fuels. What challenge must be addressed to ensure efficient engine performance with alcohol blends?

  1. ((a))

    Alcohol remains completely immiscible with petroleum-based fuels

  2. ((b))

    Alcohol shows complete resistance to combustion inside engines

  3. ((c))

    Alcohol tends to absorb water and corrode metallic engine parts

  4. ((d))

    Alcohol tends to freeze easily under normal room conditions

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Alcohol remains completely immiscible with petroleum-based fuels

76

A community water supply contains fluoride at 3 ppm. Which health effect is most likely to appear first among long-term consumers of this water?

  1. ((a))

    Severe skeletal deformities due to chronic fluoride exposure

  2. ((b))

    Loss of tooth enamel due to complete fluoride absence

  3. ((c))

    Increased tooth decay due to inadequate fluoride exposure

  4. ((d))

    Brown mottling of teeth due to excess fluoride exposure

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Severe skeletal deformities due to chronic fluoride exposure

77

Which molecule contains a central atom that has an incomplete octet in its Lewis structure and completes the octet by accepting a lone pair through coordinate bonding?

  1. ((a))

    In the formation of the hydronium ion from water

  2. ((b))

    In the formation of the tetrafluoroborate ion from Boron trifluoride

  3. ((c))

    In the formation of carbonate ion from carbon dioxide

  4. ((d))

    In the formation of the ammonium ion from ammonia

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

In the formation of the hydronium ion from water

78

Which statement best defines electron gain enthalpy for an isolated gaseous atom?

  1. ((a))

    Energy released when atoms combine to form stable molecules

  2. ((b))

    Energy required to break bonds present in chemical compounds

  3. ((c))

    Energy required to remove electron from isolated gaseous atom completely

  4. ((d))

    Energy released or absorbed when isolated gaseous atom gains electron

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Energy released when atoms combine to form stable molecules

79

In the formation of sp hybrid orbitals, what is the geometry adopted by a molecule such as BeCl2?

  1. ((a))

    Octahedral

  2. ((b))

    Trigonal planar

  3. ((c))

    Tetrahedral

  4. ((d))

    Linear

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Octahedral

80

Which process uses oil and water to separate valuable minerals from impurities during ore concentration?

  1. ((a))

    Magnetic separation method

  2. ((b))

    Leaching process

  3. ((c))

    Froth flotation method

  4. ((d))

    Electrolytic refining method

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Magnetic separation method

81

Read the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R) carefully and choose the correct option.
Assertion (A): Dry HCl gas does not show acidic behaviour.
Reason (R): HCl produces hydrogen ions only in the presence of water.

  1. ((a))

    Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

  2. ((b))

    Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

  3. ((c))

    A is false, but R is true

  4. ((d))

    A is true, but R is false

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

82

A particle moves 8 m east, then 15 m north, and finally 8 m west. What is the ratio of the total distance travelled to the magnitude of the net displacement?

  1. ((a))

    16:15

  2. ((b))

    31:8

  3. ((c))

    15:31

  4. ((d))

    31:15

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

16:15

83

Isotopes of the same element possess different atomic masses because they contain different numbers of ________.

  1. ((a))

    Positive ions in orbit

  2. ((b))

    Neutrons inside nucleus

  3. ((c))

    Electrons in outer shell

  4. ((d))

    Protons inside nucleus

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Positive ions in orbit

84

A chemistry student is asked to explain why ethanoic acid is often stored in tightly sealed bottles. Which property of ethanoic acid best justifies this storage practice?

  1. ((a))

    Ethanoic acid is volatile and can evaporate if not sealed tightly

  2. ((b))

    Ethanoic acid reacts with plastic to form toxic gases

  3. ((c))

    Ethanoic acid decomposes into water and carbon dioxide quickly

  4. ((d))

    Ethanoic acid solidifies at room temperature when exposed to air

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Ethanoic acid is volatile and can evaporate if not sealed tightly

85

Which combination of environmental factors would most likely accelerate the corrosion of an unprotected iron bridge?

  1. ((a))

    High humidity and presence of acidic pollutants

  2. ((b))

    Continuous sunlight with dry air exposure

  3. ((c))

    Cold temperatures and low atmospheric pressure

  4. ((d))

    Low humidity and absence of pollutants

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

High humidity and presence of acidic pollutants

86

According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, what happens when the precision in measuring position increases?

  1. ((a))

    Measurements remain unaffected by uncertainty principle limits

  2. ((b))

    Both variables can be measured accurately simultaneously always

  3. ((c))

    Greater precision in one variable leads to greater uncertainty in other

  4. ((d))

    Uncertainty decreases for both variables simultaneously

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Measurements remain unaffected by uncertainty principle limits

87

Why is molality preferred over molarity in colligative property calculations under varying temperature conditions?

  1. ((a))

    Both molality and molarity remain unaffected by temperature variations

  2. ((b))

    Molarity remains unaffected by temperature changes unlike molality values

  3. ((c))

    Molality remains unaffected by temperature changes unlike molarity values

  4. ((d))

    Molality depends directly on solution volume changes with temperature

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Both molality and molarity remain unaffected by temperature variations

88

What do electron shells represent in atomic structure?

  1. ((a))

    All electrons have identical energy values

  2. ((b))

    Electrons move randomly without defined shells

  3. ((c))

    Electron shells do not exist in atoms

  4. ((d))

    Electrons occupy fixed energy level shells

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

All electrons have identical energy values

89

Which statement correctly explains the modern periodic law of elements?

  1. ((a))

    Properties repeat periodically with increasing atomic number values

  2. ((b))

    Properties vary randomly without any periodic trend observed

  3. ((c))

    Atomic number has no effect on chemical properties

  4. ((d))

    Properties depend only on atomic mass values of elements

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Properties repeat periodically with increasing atomic number values

90

Which of the following statements correctly describe similarities between a bar magnet and a current-carrying solenoid?

  1. Both have North and South poles.
  2. Both produce a nearly uniform magnetic field inside.
  3. Both require permanent magnetic material only.
  4. Both follow the right-hand rule for determining the direction of the magnetic field.
  1. ((a))

    2 and 3 only

  2. ((b))

    1, 2, 3 and 4

  3. ((c))

    1 and 2 only

  4. ((d))

    1 and 3 only

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

2 and 3 only

91

Read the below Assertion and Reason and choose the correct option.
Assertion (A): Bleaching powder is used as an oxidising agent in chemical industries.
Reason (R): Bleaching powder is produced by the action of chlorine on dry slaked lime.

  1. ((a))

    Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

  2. ((b))

    A is true, but R is false

  3. ((c))

    A is false, but R is true

  4. ((d))

    Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

92

A particle moves with uniform acceleration and has an initial velocity u. It covers distances s and 2s in two successive equal time intervals t. What is the acceleration of the particle?

  1. ((a))

    3s4t2 \frac{3s}{4t^2}

  2. ((b))

    st2 \frac{s}{t^2}

  3. ((c))

    2st2 \frac{2s}{t^2}

  4. ((d))

    2s3t2 \frac{2s}{3t^2}

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

3s4t2 \frac{3s}{4t^2}

93

Stoichiometry in chemistry is mainly concerned with calculation of which of the following?

  1. ((a))

    Reactions without using balanced chemical equation relationships

  2. ((b))

    Reactant and product amounts using balanced chemical equations

  3. ((c))

    Calculations ignoring mole concept in chemical reaction analysis

  4. ((d))

    Physical properties of substances without chemical reaction calculations

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Reactions without using balanced chemical equation relationships

94

You have three test tubes: one with dilute HCl, one with NaOH solution, and one with distilled water. Using both red and blue litmus papers, which observation correctly identifies the test tube containing the acidic solution?

  1. ((a))

    Turns both red and blue litmus blue

  2. ((b))

    No change in red, turns blue litmus red

  3. ((c))

    No change in both red and blue litmus

  4. ((d))

    Turns red litmus blue

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Turns both red and blue litmus blue

95

If a hydrocarbon undergoes oxidation in the laboratory and a sweet-smelling liquid is produced, which class of compound is most likely formed?

  1. ((a))

    An ester is most likely formed during the reaction

  2. ((b))

    A ketone is most likely formed during the reaction

  3. ((c))

    An amide is most likely formed during the reaction

  4. ((d))

    An alkene is most likely formed during the reaction

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

An ester is most likely formed during the reaction

96

Which statement correctly explains the relationship between pH and hydronium ion concentration?

  1. ((a))

    Higher the hydronium ion concentration, lower is the pH

  2. ((b))

    Lower the hydronium ion concentration, lower is the pH

  3. ((c))

    Higher the hydronium ion concentration, higher is the pH

  4. ((d))

    pH is independent of ion concentration

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Higher the hydronium ion concentration, lower is the pH

97

Which equation below is NOT dimensionally consistent?

  1. ((a))

    s = vt

  2. ((b))

    s = ut + (1/2) at2

  3. ((c))

    s = (v2 - u2)/2a

  4. ((d))

    s = ut2 + (1/2) at

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

s = vt

98

A particle of mass m starts from rest and moves with constant acceleration 'a'. After travelling a distance 's', what is its kinetic energy?

  1. ((a))

    12\frac{1}{2} mas

  2. ((b))

    12\frac{1}{2} ma2

  3. ((c))

    mas

  4. ((d))

    2 mas

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

12\frac{1}{2} mas

99

When a hot metal block is placed in a cooler liquid inside a calorimeter, which property of the metal primarily determines how readily heat is conducted through the block to its surface?

  1. ((a))

    The absolute volume metrics of the metal block

  2. ((b))

    The thermal conductivity of the metal block

  3. ((c))

    The specific heat capacity of the metal block

  4. ((d))

    The internal density profile of the metal block

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The absolute volume metrics of the metal block

100

Why are half-filled orbitals considered more stable?

  1. ((a))

    Stability does not depend on electron arrangement

  2. ((b))

    Equal electron distribution reduces repulsion in orbitals

  3. ((c))

    Half-filled orbitals are always less stable

  4. ((d))

    Unequal electron distribution increases atomic instability

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Stability does not depend on electron arrangement

101

Which statement best explains how ionic radius varies with charge and electronic configuration of ions?

  1. ((a))

    Electronic configuration plays no role in determining ionic size

  2. ((b))

    Higher positive charge leads to smaller ionic radius due to attraction

  3. ((c))

    Ionic charge has no influence on magnitude of ionic radius

  4. ((d))

    Ionic radius remains constant regardless of ionic charge or structure

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Electronic configuration plays no role in determining ionic size

102

The existence of cut-in voltage in a diode is mainly due to the presence of __________.

  1. ((a))

    Neutral atoms without charges

  2. ((b))

    External magnetic field only

  3. ((c))

    Depletion barrier potential

  4. ((d))

    Infinite conductivity

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Neutral atoms without charges

103

A food processing company must select materials for storage tanks used for acidic foods. Which approach is most suitable to minimize corrosion and ensure long-term safety?

  1. ((a))

    Painting the interior with non-metallic colors

  2. ((b))

    Using stainless steel for constructing the tanks

  3. ((c))

    Placing silica gel packets inside the tanks

  4. ((d))

    Attaching aluminum strips to the tank walls

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Painting the interior with non-metallic colors

104

Radioactive decay cannot be predicted exactly for a single nucleus because the process is __________.

  1. ((a))

    Controlled by temperature only

  2. ((b))

    Random in nature

  3. ((c))

    Completely deterministic

  4. ((d))

    Dependent on chemical state always

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Controlled by temperature only

105

Which combination of objective and eyepiece focal lengths will result in the highest magnifying power for a simple astronomical telescope?

  1. ((a))

    Long focal length eyepiece and short focal length objective

  2. ((b))

    Short focal length eyepiece and short focal length objective

  3. ((c))

    Short focal length eyepiece and long focal length objective

  4. ((d))

    Long focal length eyepiece and long focal length objective

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Long focal length eyepiece and short focal length objective

106

Two vectors have equal magnitudes. If the magnitude of their resultant is equal to the magnitude of either vector, what is the angle between the two vectors?

  1. ((a))

    60∘

  2. ((b))

    120∘

  3. ((c))

    30∘

  4. ((d))

    180∘

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

60∘

107

Which statement best explains why exchange energy stabilizes half-filled subshell configurations?

  1. ((a))

    Exchange energy has no role in determining electronic stability

  2. ((b))

    Opposite spins create stronger exchange interactions increasing stability

  3. ((c))

    Stability depends only on nuclear attraction to electrons

  4. ((d))

    Parallel spins allow exchange interactions increasing configuration stability

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Exchange energy has no role in determining electronic stability

108

The magnetic field lines around an infinitely long straight current-carrying wire are _________.

  1. ((a))

    Straight parallel lines only

  2. ((b))

    Radially outward directed lines

  3. ((c))

    Elliptical closed trajectories

  4. ((d))

    Concentric circular paths

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Straight parallel lines only

109

A metal rod is tightly fitted between two rigid walls at room temperature. If the temperature increases, which outcome is most likely due to thermal expansion of solids?

  1. ((a))

    The rod will remain unaffected by the temperature change.

  2. ((b))

    The rod will be under tensile stress and stretch.

  3. ((c))

    The rod will experience compressive stress and may buckle.

  4. ((d))

    The rod will freely increase in length without stress.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The rod will remain unaffected by the temperature change.

110

A car is at rest with its horn continuously sounding. If a person walks toward the car, how does the frequency of the sound heard by the person change?

  1. ((a))

    The frequency remains unchanged

  2. ((b))

    The frequency fluctuates continuously

  3. ((c))

    The frequency decreases

  4. ((d))

    The frequency increases

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The frequency remains unchanged

111

A compass needle placed in a uniform magnetic field oscillates about its equilibrium position. What is the main reason for this behavior?

  1. ((a))

    The magnetic field is non-uniform

  2. ((b))

    It gains energy from the field continuously

  3. ((c))

    It experiences a torque

  4. ((d))

    It experiences a net force

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The magnetic field is non-uniform

112

Two atoms having the same number of nucleons but different atomic numbers are called ________.

  1. ((a))

    Isotones only

  2. ((b))

    Isobars only

  3. ((c))

    Isotopes only

  4. ((d))

    Isoelectronic particles only

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Isotones only

113

Which observation confirms a displacement reaction when an iron nail is placed in copper sulphate solution?

  1. ((a))

    Blue solution turns green and brown coating forms on iron

  2. ((b))

    A white precipitate is formed in the solution

  3. ((c))

    Blue solution turns colourless with no change in iron

  4. ((d))

    No colour change and no reaction occurs

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Blue solution turns green and brown coating forms on iron

114

The electric field outside a uniformly charged spherical shell behaves as if the _________.

  1. ((a))

    Field lines became circular around shell

  2. ((b))

    Electric fields were always zero everywhere

  3. ((c))

    Charges were uniformly spread in surrounding space

  4. ((d))

    Entire charge was concentrated at the center

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Field lines became circular around shell

115

Two circular current-carrying loops carry the same current but have different radii. Which loop produces the stronger magnetic field at its center?

  1. ((a))

    The loop with smaller radius produces a larger magnetic field

  2. ((b))

    The magnetic field at the center is zero

  3. ((c))

    The loop with smaller radius produces a smaller magnetic field

  4. ((d))

    Both loops produce the same magnetic field

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The loop with smaller radius produces a larger magnetic field

116

Which of the following is most relevant when discussing health‑based international standards for drinking water?

  1. ((a))

    Permissible limits for temperature in drinking water

  2. ((b))

    Permissible limits for minerals present in drinking water

  3. ((c))

    Permissible limits for contaminants in water

  4. ((d))

    Permissible limits for water storage used in households

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Permissible limits for temperature in drinking water

117

The stability of the nucleus is mainly due to the balance between ________.

  1. ((a))

    Electron attraction and neutron decay

  2. ((b))

    Nuclear attraction and proton repulsion

  3. ((c))

    Gravitational force and magnetic flux

  4. ((d))

    Atomic volume and electric current

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Electron attraction and neutron decay

118

A copper ore is heated in the presence of air during metal extraction. What property of copper makes this process effective?

  1. ((a))

    Copper requires strong reducing agents

  2. ((b))

    Copper forms soluble carbonates easily

  3. ((c))

    Copper readily combines with chlorine gas

  4. ((d))

    Copper’s low reactivity allows simple heating

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Copper requires strong reducing agents

119

Which of the following correctly identifies an acid using litmus paper?

  1. ((a))

    No change in red litmus

  2. ((b))

    Turns blue litmus green

  3. ((c))

    Turns red litmus blue

  4. ((d))

    Turns blue litmus red

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

No change in red litmus

120

Which statement best explains origin of spectral lines from quantized electronic transitions in atoms?

  1. ((a))

    Electrons jump between levels emitting or absorbing photons of specific energies

  2. ((b))

    Spectral lines are independent of electronic configuration of atoms

  3. ((c))

    Electrons move continuously between levels without defined quantized energy states

  4. ((d))

    Transitions occur between levels without any exchange of energy with surroundings

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Electrons jump between levels emitting or absorbing photons of specific energies

121

If the frequency of a sound wave increases while its speed in the medium remains unchanged, what happens to its wavelength?

  1. ((a))

    Its wavelength remains the same.

  2. ((b))

    Its wavelength decreases.

  3. ((c))

    Its wavelength becomes zero.

  4. ((d))

    Its wavelength increases.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Its wavelength remains the same.

122

Three resistors of 2 Ω, 3 Ω, and 5 Ω are connected in series. What is their equivalent resistance?

  1. ((a))

    9 Ω

  2. ((b))

    10 Ω

  3. ((c))

    8 Ω

  4. ((d))

    12 Ω

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

9 Ω

123

Which of the following correctly describes a homogeneous mixture?

  1. ((a))

    It forms separate layers on standing

  2. ((b))

    It has uniform composition throughout

  3. ((c))

    It contains only solid components

  4. ((d))

    It has visible particles that settle on standing

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

It forms separate layers on standing

124

According to the Kossel-Lewis approach, what is the main reason atoms form chemical bonds?

  1. ((a))

    To increase their atomic mass significantly

  2. ((b))

    To share electrons regardless of stability

  3. ((c))

    To achieve stable octets in their outermost shells

  4. ((d))

    To maximize their energy states always

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

To increase their atomic mass significantly

125

The amplified output signal in a common emitter transistor amplifier is usually taken from _________.

  1. ((a))

    Base-emitter circuit

  2. ((b))

    Collector-emitter circuit

  3. ((c))

    Emitter terminal only

  4. ((d))

    Base terminal only

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Base-emitter circuit

126

In the output characteristics of a transistor, the nearly horizontal curves indicate that collector current is __________.

  1. ((a))

    Highly dependent on VCE

  2. ((b))

    Zero for all voltages

  3. ((c))

    Alternating continuously

  4. ((d))

    Nearly constant for fixed base current

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Highly dependent on VCE

127

A diamond (n=2.42) is immersed in a transparent liquid. A light ray inside the diamond is incident at the critical angle at the diamond-liquid interface. If the refractive index of the liquid increases, what happens to the critical angle?

  1. ((a))

    Total internal reflection occurs at all angles as the refractive index of the liquid increases

  2. ((b))

    The critical angle increases as the refractive index of the liquid increases

  3. ((c))

    The critical angle remains unchanged as the refractive index of the liquid increases

  4. ((d))

    The critical angle decreases as the refractive index of the liquid increases

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Total internal reflection occurs at all angles as the refractive index of the liquid increases

128

Which of the following options best describes the behaviour of a transistor in the transition regions?

  1. ((a))

    The collector current remains constant.

  2. ((b))

    The transistor does not conduct at all.

  3. ((c))

    The transistor has a perfectly linear response.

  4. ((d))

    The transistor shows non-linear behaviour due to gradual switching.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The collector current remains constant.

129

Two objects, one made of copper and the other of aluminum, are placed in thermal contact. Both have equal masses and are initially at different temperatures. Considering their specific heat capacities, which statement best describes what happens as they approach thermal equilibrium?

  1. ((a))

    Both interacting objects experience entirely identical magnitudes of temperature shifts.

  2. ((b))

    The object with lower specific heat experiences larger temperature shifts.

  3. ((c))

    The object with higher specific heat experiences larger temperature shifts.

  4. ((d))

    Neither interacting object experiences any measurable variation in absolute temperature.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Both interacting objects experience entirely identical magnitudes of temperature shifts.

130

A company is designing a heating element and wants to reduce the resistance of a conductor. The material, temperature, and length of the conductor must remain unchanged. Which modification will most effectively decrease the resistance?

  1. ((a))

    Raising the resistivity of the conductor

  2. ((b))

    Increasing the cross-sectional area of the conductor

  3. ((c))

    Decreasing the resistivity of the conductor.

  4. ((d))

    Decreasing the cross-sectional area of the conductor

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Raising the resistivity of the conductor

131

A new physical quantity 'Y' is defined by the equation Y = Power × Time / Area. Which one of the following expressions correctly represents the dimensions of 'Y'?

  1. ((a))

    M T-2

  2. ((b))

    M L2 T-2

  3. ((c))

    M L-2 T

  4. ((d))

    M T-1

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

M T-2

132

A scientist is designing a concert hall to optimize acoustics. She wants the audience to perceive louder sounds without increasing the energy input from the speakers. Which characteristic of sound should she focus on modifying within the hall's design?

  1. ((a))

    Speed of sound in air

  2. ((b))

    Wavelength of the sound waves

  3. ((c))

    Frequency of the sound waves

  4. ((d))

    Amplitude of the sound waves

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Speed of sound in air

133

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding combination reactions?

  1. ((a))

    CaO reacts with H2O to form Ca(OH)2 with release of heat

  2. ((b))

    Burning of coal is an example of a combination reaction

  3. ((c))

    Combination reactions form a single product from two or more reactants

  4. ((d))

    All combination reactions are endothermic in nature

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

CaO reacts with H2O to form Ca(OH)2 with release of heat

134

Which of the following best explains why radio waves are suitable for long-distance communication compared to other regions of the electromagnetic spectrum?

  1. ((a))

    Radio waves are less likely to be absorbed or scattered by Earth's atmosphere.

  2. ((b))

    Radio waves are the exclusive electromagnetic signals generated by electronic circuits.

  3. ((c))

    Radio waves travel at significantly higher velocities through dense atmospheric layers.

  4. ((d))

    Radio waves exhibit much higher energy per photon than optical frequency signals.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Radio waves are less likely to be absorbed or scattered by Earth's atmosphere.

135

Which of the following observations confirm a double displacement reaction?

  1. ((a))

    Colour change due to displacement of metal

  2. ((b))

    Formation of a precipitate when two solutions are mixed

  3. ((c))

    Formation of a single product from two reactants

  4. ((d))

    Release of hydrogen gas when metal reacts with acid

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Colour change due to displacement of metal

136

Which of the following statements correctly describes electric circuit diagrams?

  1. They help in analyzing paths of electric current.
  2. They provide a simplified representation of a circuit.
  3. The symbols used in them should be standardized.
  4. They eliminate the need for actual electrical components.
  1. ((a))

    1, 2 and 3 only

  2. ((b))

    2 and 4 only

  3. ((c))

    1 and 4 only

  4. ((d))

    1, 2, 3 and 4

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

1, 2 and 3 only

137

Which statement correctly describes the strength of the bond in terms of orbital overlap?

  1. ((a))

    Equal orbital overlap forms a weaker covalent bond

  2. ((b))

    Partial orbital overlap forms an ionic bond

  3. ((c))

    Greater orbital overlap forms a stronger covalent bond

  4. ((d))

    Lesser orbital overlap forms a stronger covalent bond

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Equal orbital overlap forms a weaker covalent bond

138

A mixture contains two non-reacting gases A and B.
If the partial pressures of A and B are 3 bar and 5 bar, respectively, what is the total pressure of the mixture?

  1. ((a))

    2 bar

  2. ((b))

    15 bar

  3. ((c))

    8 bar

  4. ((d))

    5 bar

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

2 bar

139

A chemist is analyzing an unknown organic sample.
If the compound contains a benzene ring directly attached to a methyl group, how should the compound be classified based on its structure?

  1. ((a))

    Open-chain alkene

  2. ((b))

    Aliphatic alcohol

  3. ((c))

    Cyclic ether

  4. ((d))

    Aromatic hydrocarbon

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Open-chain alkene

140

A student observes that diamond and graphite are both made of the same element but have different properties.
What is the element that makes up both substances?

  1. ((a))

    Nitrogen

  2. ((b))

    Carbon

  3. ((c))

    Oxygen

  4. ((d))

    Hydrogen

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Nitrogen

141

The charge of an electron is best described as:

  1. ((a))

    Sometimes positive charge under certain environmental conditions

  2. ((b))

    Constant negative charge independent of external physical conditions

  3. ((c))

    Variable charge depending on speed and energy conditions

  4. ((d))

    Charge depending on surrounding magnetic field conditions

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Sometimes positive charge under certain environmental conditions

142

Which of the following best explains how the thermal conductivity of a metal rod can be determined experimentally?

  1. ((a))

    By tracking the localized color variations along the metal rod surface when it undergoes direct heating at one focal terminal.

  2. ((b))

    By evaluating the absolute volumetric mass density shifts of the metal rod samples before and after a prolonged thermal exposure.

  3. ((c))

    By measuring the steady rate of heat flow through the metal rod when its boundaries are maintained at two distinct temperatures.

  4. ((d))

    By enclosing the metallic structure inside a vacuum chamber and monitoring the resulting thermal radiation emissions over time.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

By tracking the localized color variations along the metal rod surface when it undergoes direct heating at one focal terminal.

143

A copper plate and an aluminum plate of equal thickness and area are maintained at the same temperature difference.
If the thermal conductivity of copper is twice that of aluminum, what will be the ratio of heat flow through copper to that through aluminum?

  1. ((a))

    The ratio will be 1:2 for copper to aluminum.

  2. ((b))

    The ratio will be 2:1 for copper to aluminum.

  3. ((c))

    The ratio will be 1:1 for copper to aluminum.

  4. ((d))

    The ratio will be 4:1 for copper to aluminum.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The ratio will be 1:2 for copper to aluminum.

144

Which scenario best demonstrates the cost-effective nature of green chemistry in industrial operations?

  1. ((a))

    Higher raw material usage and increased waste generation during manufacturing

  2. ((b))

    Lower raw material usage and increased waste generation during manufacturing

  3. ((c))

    Higher raw material usage and reduced waste generation during manufacturing

  4. ((d))

    Lower raw material usage and reduced waste generation during manufacturing

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Higher raw material usage and increased waste generation during manufacturing

145

Which of the following correctly describes the gaseous state of matter?

  1. ((a))

    Particles have definite shape and volume

  2. ((b))

    Particles are far apart and move freely

  3. ((c))

    Particles are very close and fixed in position

  4. ((d))

    Particles are close but can move around

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Particles have definite shape and volume

146

Which of the following best explains how the speed of sound changes when it travels from air into water?

  1. ((a))

    Sound cannot travel through water at all because it is a liquid and not a gas.

  2. ((b))

    Sound travels at the same speed in both air and water because both are fluids with similar properties.

  3. ((c))

    Sound travels faster in water than in air because water particles are closer together, enabling quicker transmission of vibrations.

  4. ((d))

    Sound travels slower in water than in air because water particles are further apart, making transmission more difficult.

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Sound cannot travel through water at all because it is a liquid and not a gas.

147

Which of the following correctly explains a precipitation reaction?

  1. ((a))

    Formation of an insoluble solid when two solutions are mixed

  2. ((b))

    Formation of a single product from two reactants

  3. ((c))

    Breaking down of a compound into simpler substances

  4. ((d))

    Formation of gas during a chemical reaction

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Formation of an insoluble solid when two solutions are mixed

148

A student wants to compare the magnetic field patterns produced by a straight current-carrying wire and a current-carrying circular loop.
Which experimental setup would best demonstrate the difference in their magnetic field lines?

  1. ((a))

    Using iron filings around both the straight wire and the circular loop to visualize their magnetic field patterns

  2. ((b))

    Measuring the force between two parallel wires carrying current in the same direction

  3. ((c))

    Placing a bar magnet near both conductors to observe attraction or repulsion

  4. ((d))

    Using a compass to detect direction of magnetic field at various points near the wire only

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Using iron filings around both the straight wire and the circular loop to visualize their magnetic field patterns

149

Which process is mainly responsible for ozone layer depletion in the stratosphere?

  1. ((a))

    Urban heat island effect

  2. ((b))

    Reactions involving chlorofluorocarbons

  3. ((c))

    Industrial dust particles in the air

  4. ((d))

    Acid rain due to sulfur emissions

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

Urban heat island effect

150

A satellite is placed in a circular orbit around Earth at a fixed orbital radius.
If the mass of the satellite is doubled while keeping the orbital radius unchanged, how does the gravitational force between Earth and the satellite change according to Newton’s law of gravitation?

  1. ((a))

    The gravitational force doubles

  2. ((b))

    The gravitational force quadruples

  3. ((c))

    The gravitational force halves

  4. ((d))

    The gravitational force remains the same

Show Answer
Answer: ((a))

The gravitational force doubles

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