MP Police Constable : (4 Nov 2025, Shift 1) Memory-Based Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is A - 2, B - 4, C - 1, D - 3.

Key Points

Golden Revolution

• The Golden Revolution is related to Horticulture and Honey.
• It started in 1991 and lasted till 2003.
• Father of Golden Revolution in India: Nirpakh Tutaj.
• The Golden Fibre Revolution is related to Jute Production.

Grey Revolution

• Grey revolution is related to increased fertilizer production.
• It is associated with the mal effects of the green revolution in which excessive chemical fertilizers were used.

​Yellow Revolution

• Yellow revolution is related to Oil seeds like mustard, groundnut sesame, etc.
• Sam Pitroda is credited for the Yellow revolution.
• It also resulted in a sudden increase in the production of edible oil due to the production of Hybrid oil seeds.
• The Yellow revolution started in the year 1986-87.

Black Revolution

• The Black revolution relates to Self-dependence on petroleum/ crude oil.
• The Black revolution aims to increase petroleum production by accelerating the production of biodiesel by increasing ethanol production.

CONCEPT:

• The capacity to do work is called energy.
• According to the energy conservation principle, the total energy of the system always remains constant.
• Kinetic energy: The energy of a body due to its motion is called kinetic energy.
• Potential energy: The energy of a body due to its position is called potential energy.
• The total energy is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy.

EXPLANATION:

• When a ball is thrown vertically upwards, the kinetic energy of the ball converted into potential energy of the ball. But the total energy of the ball remains constant during its motion. So option 1 is correct.
• It is because at the beginning the ball has high kinetic energy and no potential energy. As it moves up its kinetic energy gets converted to potential energy. At the peak its kinetic energy is nil and it has the highest potential energy.
• From now onwards its potential energy begins to convert into kinetic energy as it falls to the ground.
• As the ball goes in the upward direction, the displacement, and velocity changes. When the velocity changes the kinetic energy also changes. So options 2, 3, and 4 are wrong.

Option 3. Both I and II follow

The statement shares a quote by an astronomer where he states that Humans are not special there are many other creatures that exist in the universe(space)and we need to explore them.

From the information that is supplied, we can conclude that there is a possibility of Extraterrestrial life (life beyond Earth). Therefore conclusion I follows.

Also from the statement, we can infer that we have not been successful in tracing the presence of life beyond Earth so far(since we yet have to discover them). Therefore, conclusion II follows.

Hence, option 3 is correct.

Shortcut TrickConcept:

Area is a two-dimensional product.

∴ % change in area = first% + second% + (first% × second%)/100

Note:

Positive result is %increase and Negative result is %decrease.

Calculation:

% Increase in area = 30% + 20% + (30% × 20%)/100

⇒ 50% + 6% 

⇒ 56%

Hence, the percentage increase in the area of the rectangle is 56%.

Alternate Method

Concept:

• Area of the square = a2
• Area of rectangle = length × breadth
• Increased % = Change × 100/Original value

Calculation: Let the side of the square be a unit.

∴ Area of the square = a² 

Now, new length of the rectangle = 130a/100 = 13a/10

And, new breadth of the rectangle = 120a/100 = 12a/10 

∴ New area of the rectangle = (13a/10) × (12a/10)

⇒ 156a²/100

∴ Increased in area = 156a2/100 - a² = 56a²/100 

So, percentage increase = \(\frac{\frac{56a^2}{100}}{a^2}× 100\) = 56%

Hence, the percentage increase in the area of the rectangle is 56%.

• The correct answer is option(3)

• Qualities Projected in this situation:​ Making aware and Sense of Responsibility

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information Officer qualities:

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Marked Price to Selling Price = 15000 : 13500 = 10 : 9

Discount = 10 − 9 = 1 unit

Discount Percentage = (Discount ÷ Marked Price) × 100 = (1 ÷ 10) × 100 = 10%

∴ The correct answer is 10%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Marked Price (MP) of the phone = ₹15,000

Selling Price (SP) of the phone = ₹13,500

Formula Used:

Discount = Marked Price − Selling Price

Discount Rate (%) = (Discount ÷ Marked Price) × 100

Calculations:

⇒ Discount = 15,000 − 13,500 = ₹1,500

⇒ Discount Rate = (1,500 ÷ 15,000) × 100

⇒ Discount Rate = (1 ÷ 10) × 100

⇒ Discount Rate = 10%

∴ The correct answer is 10%.

Additional Information

Marked Price (MP)

It is the price printed on an item, also known as the List Price or Tag Price.

Discount Basis

Discount is always calculated as a percentage of the Marked Price unless a different base is specified.

Successive Discounts

If two discounts a% and b% are given, the Effective Discount is [a + b − (a × b) ÷ 100]%.

The correct answer is Jharkhand.

Key Points

• Among the options, only Jharkhand does NOT touch the boundary of Madhya Pradesh.
• Madhya Pradesh is a state located in central India.
• Madhya Pradesh is also called the "tiger state" and "heart of India".
• It is the second-largest state in India by area.
• Madhya Pradesh shares its boundary with the states of:
• Uttar Pradesh to the northeast.
• Chhattisgarh to the southeast.
• Maharashtra to the south.
• Gujarat to the west.
• Rajasthan to the northwest.
• Madhya Pradesh state was formed on 1^st November 1956.
• Bhopal is the capital city of Madhya Pradesh.
• At present, there are a total of 52 districts in Madhya Pradesh.
• Madhya Pradesh was the largest state in India before 2000.
• India's biggest diamond mine Panna is in Madhya Pradesh.

The Correct Answer is Lime.

Key Points 

• The chemical name of lime is Calcium oxide (CaO).
• Lime is a metal oxide.
• Metal oxides are basic in nature.
• They react with acids to produce salt and water.
• CaO + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O

Important Points 

• The chemical name of marble is calcium carbonate.
• It is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula CaCO3.
• When an acid reacts with a metal carbonate (or metal hydrogen carbonate), then salt, carbon dioxide

gas, and water are formed

• CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
• The Chemical Formula for Baking soda is Sodium Bicarbonate.
• When baking soda reacts with acid it produces carbon dioxide.
• NaHCO3 + HCl→NaCl + CO2 + H2O​ ​

Karan's sister's birthday is before 20^th August but after 17^th August. 

Birthday can be on 18^th or 19^th. birthday is not after 18^th August.

Hence, the birthday is on 18^th August.

Trick:

Not after 18 means, on 18 or before 18.

Before 20 and after 17 means, on 18 or 19.

The only common date is 18.

Hence, the birthday is on 18^th August.

Given:

Chords AB and CD of a circle intersect externally at P.

AB = 8.8 cm, PB = 7.2 cm and PD = 6.4 cm

Formula used:

When chords AB and CD of a circle intersect externally at P then PB × PA = PD × PC

Calculation:

Putting values, we get,

⇒ 7.2 (8.8 + 7.2) = 6.4(x + 6.4)

⇒ 7.2 × 16 = 6.4 × PC

⇒ PC = 18 cm

∴ Length of CD = 18 - 6.4 = 11.6 cm

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as below,

Conclusions:

I. Some adults are not bold.

False. It is possible but not definite.

II. Some girls are not bold.

False. It is possible but not definite.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Neither conclusion I nor II follows".

Additional Information

Shortcut Trick

The Volume of any Pyramid is always one-third of the product of its Base Area and its Height.

Volume = (1/3) × Base Area × Height

Volume = (1/3) × 30 × 12 = 10 × 12 = 120 m³.

∴ The correct answer is 120 m³.

Alternate Method

Given:

Base Area (A) = 30 m²

Height (h) = 12 m

Formula Used:

Volume of a Pyramid = (1/3) × Base Area × Vertical Height

Calculations:

⇒ Volume = (1/3) × 30 × 12

⇒ Volume = 10 × 12

⇒ Volume = 120 m³

∴ The correct answer is 120 m³.

Additional Information

Volume of a Prism

Unlike a pyramid, the Volume of a Prism is simply the Base Area × Height. A pyramid occupies exactly 1/3 of the volume of a prism with the same base and height.

Total Surface Area of a Pyramid

The Total Surface Area is the sum of the Base Area and the Lateral Area (the sum of the areas of all triangular side faces).

Types of Pyramids

Pyramids are named based on the shape of their base, such as Triangular, Square, or Pentagonal pyramids.

The correct answer is Mohammad bin tuglaq.

• Diwan-i-amir-kohi department related to Agriculture Department was established by Mohammad Bin Tuglaq.

Key Points

The correct answer is option Ca (calcium).

CONCEPT:

• As we move from top to bottom in a group the atomic size increases and it decreases as we move from left to right in a period.

EXPLANATION:

• I denotes Iodine, N denotes Nitrogen, Ca denotes Calcium and Mg denotes Magnesium.

• Iodine size - 198 pm

• Nitrogen size - 65 pm

• Calcium size - 231 pm

• Magnesium size - 173 pm

• The decreasing order of the atomic size of the elements mentioned: Ca > I > Mg > N

• Atomic size and electronegativity are inversely proportional to each other.

Option 4. Neither I nor II is implicit.

The statement suggests that unless the government cuts energy use achieving a net carbon zero target by 2050 is unattainable.

From what is supplied it cannot be assumed that the target will be achieved after 2051. Hence, assumption I is not implicit.

But, from what is given it cannot be assumed that the Government is not serious about achieving the target.

All we gather from the statement is that government needs to put extra effort. Therefore, assumption II is not implicit.

Hence, option 4 is correct.

Given:

11 - {7 - 56 ÷ (2 × 3 + 1)}

Concept used:

BODMAS rule.

Calculation:

According to the BODMAS rule, we will solve the expression.

11 - {7 - 56 ÷ (2 × 3 + 1)}

= 11 - {7 - 56 ÷ (6 + 1)}

= 11 - {7 - 56 ÷ 7}

= 11 - {7 - 8}

= 11 - {- 1}

= 11 + 1

= 12

Hence, the correct answer is 12.

The logic followed here is:

So, 'TKWJ' will replace the question mark in the given series.

Hence, the correct answer is "TKWJ".

Given:

Height =15 cm

Radius = 10 cm

Formula used:

Total surface area of a cylinder = 2πr × (h + r)

Calculation:

Total surface area of a cylinder = 2π × 10 × (15 + 10)

⇒ 20π × 25

⇒ 500π cm²

∴ The total surface area of the cylinder is 500π cm2.

The correct answer is Agrahara.

Key Points

• Agrahara was a term used in ancient India to refer to land that was donated by kings or wealthy patrons to Brahmins, who were members of the priestly caste.
• These lands were typically used for farming or other agricultural purposes, and the income generated from them was used to support the Brahmins and their families.
• The practice of donating land to Brahmins was common during the Gupta period, which was a time of great cultural and intellectual flourishing in India.
• The Agrahara system played an important role in supporting the Brahmins, who were seen as custodians of knowledge and culture, and helped to preserve and promote the traditions of ancient India.

Thus, the land donated to Brahmins in the Gupta period was called Agrahara.

Additional Information

• Vellanvagai
• ​Vellanvagai was land for non-Brahmins, peasant proprietors, and others during Chola period.
• Shalabhoga
• Shalabhoga was the land grant for the maintenance and management of schools during Chola period.
• Devadana
• ​Grants to the temple, either plots of land or a whole village, were known as devadana in the south Indian context.

Confusion Points

 Agrahara and Brahmadeya were two types of land grants that were prevalent in ancient India. While both were land grants, there were some differences between the two:

• Purpose: Agrahara was a land grant given to Brahmins for religious and educational purposes, whereas Brahmadeya was a land grant given to Brahmins for their personal use and maintenance.
• Ownership: Agrahara land was owned by the deity or temple and was managed by the Brahmins for the benefit of the temple. Brahmadeya land, on the other hand, was owned by the Brahmin recipient who received the land grant.
• Taxation: Agrahara lands were exempted from taxes and were usually revenue-free lands. Brahmadeya lands, on the other hand, were subject to taxation and other land revenue obligations.
• Size: Agrahara lands were usually smaller in size as compared to Brahmadeya lands.
• Location: Agrahara lands were usually located close to the temples, while Brahmadeya lands were located in different areas.

The correct answer is Red.

• Light shows the least scattering for the Red colour because the Red colour has the longest wavelength.

Given: 

1) Of the six cities, Aliganj is bigger than Sewa Nagar. 

Aliganj > Sewa Nagar

2) Sewa Nagar is smaller than Nand Nagri but bigger than Rampur.

Aliganj / Nand Nagri > Sewa nagar > Rampur

3) Hari Nagar is bigger than Nand Nagri. 

Case 1) Hari Nagar > Aliganj / Nand Nagri > Sewa nagar > Rampur

Case 2) Aliganj > Hari Nagar > Nand Nagri > Sewa nagar > Rampur

4) Jaitpur is smaller than Hari Nagar but bigger than Sewa Nagar. 

Case 1) Hari Nagar > Aliganj / Nand Nagri / Jaitpur > Sewa nagar > Rampur

Case 2) Aliganj > Hari Nagar > Nand Nagri / Jaitpur > Sewa nagar > Rampur

Thus, in both cases Rampur is the smallest city.

Hence, "Option 3" is the correct answer.

Given:

Speed of train = 15 m/s

The length of train = 200 metres

And length of bridge = 520 metres

Calculation:

Total distance covered while passing bridge = 200 + 520 = 720 metres

Speed = Distance/Time

Time = Distance/Speed = \(\dfrac{720}{15}\) = 48 seconds

∴ The time taken by him to cross a bridge 520 m long is 48 (in seconds).

BODMAS Table: 

After decoding signs:

 

Given equation: 1604 × 4 + 87 − 16 ÷ 16 = ?

After interchanging the signs then:

⇒ 1604 ÷ 4 - 87 + 16 × 16 = ?

⇒ ? = 401 - 87 + 16 × 16

⇒ ? = 401 - 87 + 256

⇒ ? = 657 - 87 = 570

Hence, the correct answer is "570".

Given:

The radius of the circle = 21 cm

The ratio of base and height of the right-angled triangle formed = 3 : 4

Formulae Used:

In a right-angled triangle,

(Hypotenuse)2 = (Base)2 + (Height)2

The perimeter of the circle = 2πr, where r is the radius of the circle

Calculation:

Let the base and height of the given right angle triangle be 3x and 4x.

⇒ Hypotenuse = √{(3x)2 + (4x)2} = 5x

Radius of circle = r = 21 cm

According to the question,

The perimeter of circle = Perimeter of right angle triangle

⇒ 2πr = 3x + 4x + 5x

⇒ 2 × (22/7) × 21 = 12x

⇒ x = 11

∴ Hypotenuse of right-angle triangle = 5x = 5 × 11 = 55 cm

The correct answer is Renuka Wetland.

Key Points

• Renuka Wetland in Himachal Pradesh is the smallest wetland in India.
• It is in the Sirmaur district of Himachal Pradesh in India and it is 672 m above sea level.
• It is a natural wetland with freshwater springs and inland subterranean karst formations, fed by a small stream flowing from the lower Himalayan** out to the **Giri river.
• The lake is home to a variety of flora and fauna.
• The site is managed by the Shimla Forest Department, Himachal Pradesh.

Additional Information

• Any wetland site which has been listed under the Ramsar Convention that aims to conserve it and promote sustainable use of its natural resources is called a Ramsar Site.
• Ramsar Convention is known as the Convention of Wetlands.
• It was established in 1971 by UNESCO and came into force in 1975.
• India is a party to the Ramsar Convention. India signed under it on 1^st February 1982.
• India has a network of 89 Ramsar sites (as of Feb 2025)
• World Wetlands Day 2023 Theme - “It's Time for Wetlands Restoration,” which highlights the urgent need to prioritize wetland restoration.

Important Points

• World Wetlands Day:
• World Wetlands Day is celebrated every year on 2 February.
• The Theme of World Wetlands Day 2023 is “It's Time for Wetlands Restoration”
• This day marks the date of the adoption of the Convention on Wetlands on 2 February 1971, in the Iranian city of Ramsar on the shores of the Caspian Sea.
• The first wetlands day was celebrated in 1997.

The correct answer is Fundamental Duties.

Key Points

• Fundamental Duties were added to the Indian Constitution by the 42^nd Amendment Act of 1976.
• Currently, it consists of 11 Fundamental Duties but it was 10 in the beginning.
• In 2002, by the 86^th Amendment Act, one more duty was added.
• It was recommended by Swaran Singh Committee in 1976.
• The concept was borrowed from USSR.
• They are nonjusticiable in nature.
• They are categorized as Moral Duty and Civic Duty since they are not mandatory in nature.

Additional Information

• Suspension of Fundamental Rights:
• During National emergency, Fundamental Rights can be suspended except Articles 20 and 21.
• National emergency is mentioned under Article 352 and can be proclaimed only by the President.
• While It can be restricted in the case of Martial law which is mentioned under Article 34 of the Indian Constitution.
• Special Powers of Governors:
• Article 153 - Provision of the Governor of a State.
• Article 161 - Power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions of punishment or to suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person.
• Writs:
• It is a kind of written order and can be issued only by the Supreme Court and the High Courts of India.
• It is issued in case of violation of the Fundamental Rights of a person.
• Article 32 - Empowers the Supreme Court to issue Writs.
• Article 226 - Empowers the High Courts to issue Writs.
• It is of 5 types:
• Quo-Warranto (By what authority)
• Prohibition (To forbid)
• Certiorari (To be certified)
• Mandamus (We command)
• Habeas Corpus (To have the body of)

The logic followed here is:

Here the code for SPANNER is as follows:

Similarly,

NEAR is coded as

Hence, NEAR will be written as 'JBDS' in the given code language.

Given:

Initial average age of boys = 16 years.

Average age of 4 new boys = 13 years.

New average age of class = 16 - 0.5 = 15.5 years.

Formula Used:

New average = (Total age of all members) / (Total number of members)

Initial total age of boys = Initial average age × Number of boys

New total age of boys = New average age × New number of boys

Calculation:

Let the initial number of boys be x.

Initial total age of boys = 16x

Total age of 4 new boys = 4 × 13 = 52

New number of boys = x + 4

New total age of class = 16x + 52

New average age = 15.5 = (16x + 52) / (x + 4)

⇒ 15.5(x + 4) = 16x + 52

⇒ 15.5x + 62 = 16x + 52

⇒ 16x - 15.5x = 62 - 52

⇒ 0.5x = 10

⇒ x = 10 / 0.5

⇒ x = 20

Initially, there were 20 boys in the class.

Here, we will first do the addition and then the multiplication of the given equation to get the answer.

Given : 

14 + 13 × 3 

= (14 + 13) × 3

= 27 × 3

= 81

Similarly,

17 + 16 × 2 

= (17 + 16) × 2

= 33 × 2

= 66.

Hence, the correct answer is '66'.

Given:

\(\left(2x-\frac{3}{x}\right)=2\)

Formula used:

If x – 1/x = a

then x⁴ + 1/x⁴ = (a² + 2)² – 2

Calculation:

\(\left(2x-\frac{3}{x}\right)=2\)

Squaring both sides, we get

⇒ (2x – 3/x)² = (2)²

⇒ 4x² + 9/x² = 4 + 2 × 2 × 3

⇒ 4x² + 9/x² = 16

Now,

\(\left(16x^4+\frac{81}{x^4}\right)\) = (16)² – 2 × 4 × 9

⇒ 256 – 72

⇒ 184

∴ The value of  \(\left(16x^4+\frac{81}{x^4}\right)\) is 184

The correct answer is 355.

Key Points:

• Article 355 states, "It shall be the duty of the Union to protect every State against external aggression and internal disturbance and to ensure that the Government of every State is carried on in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution.”
• Part 18 of the Indian Constitution defines the Article.
• Part 18 of the Indian constitution envisages the following three emergencies:
• General Emergency (also called national emergency)
• Break-down of constitutional machinery in the states (also called state emergency)
• Financial Emergency
• Article 359 allows the President of India to suspend the right to move any court for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights during a National Emergency.
• Article 354 explains provisions relating to the distribution of revenues while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation.
• Article 356 empowers the President of India to withdraw from the Union the executive and legislative powers of any state.
• Article 357 deals with the exercise of legislative powers under the Proclamation issued under Article 356 by the central government.

Article 353 -

• Article 353 of the Indian constitution deals with the effect of the Proclamation of Emergency.
• ​Parliament was given the power to impose emergency legislation on any state which is different from the state in which the emergency proclamation is in force.

Article 358:

• Article 358 is confined to Fundamental Rights under Article 19.
• The Right to freedom of Speech and Expression comes under Article 19.
• Once an emergency is declared in India, Article 358 automatically suspends these rights.
• Article 358 operates only in the case of an external emergency and not in the case of an internal disturbance.
• Article 358 suspends Fundamental Rights under Article 19 for the complete duration of the Emergency.
• Article 358 is enforced all over India.
• Article 358 enables the State to form any law or take any executive action inconsistent with Fundamental Rights under Article 19.
• Article 358 suspends Article 19 completely.

The correct answer is kJ/kg.

• We know that when the fuel is burnt heat is produced.

Key Points

• The amount of heat that different types of fuels produced on burning are expressed in terms of calorific value.
• Thus Calorific value of a fuel is the amount of heat produced when 1 gm of fuel is completely burned.
• S.I. unit of calorific value of fuels is kilojoule per kilogram (KJ/kg).
• It is calculated by keeping the pressure constant and in normal temperature conditions.
• It is also called calorific power.
• For example, if burning completely one kilogram of wood produces 17 kilojoules of heat, therefore, the calorific value of wood will be 17 KJ/kg.

Additional Information

• psi: Pounds per square inch (pressure)
• micron: Micrometer (length)
• mmHg: Millimeters of mercury (pressure)
• kJ/kg: Kilojoules per kilogram (specific energy)

Given: 37, 52, 74, 104, 143, ?

The logic follows here is:

Hence, 192 is the correct answer.

Given data:

Mathematical expression = 100 ÷ 10 - [-2 + {-9 + (3 - 6 of 2)}]

Concept:

Apply the order of operations, also known as BIDMAS or PEMDAS (Brackets, Indices, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction).

Solution:

100 ÷ 10 - [-2 + {-9 + (3 - 6 of 2)}]

⇒ 100 ÷ 10 - [-2 + {-9 + (-9)}]

⇒ 100 ÷ 10 - [-2 + (-18)]

⇒ 100 ÷ 10 - (-20)

⇒ 10 + 20 = 30

Therefore, the value of the expression is 30.

The correct answer is Option 4: Initiate the chit-chat with them and make them friends.

 

• Qualities Projected in this situation:  (Self-confidence, Leadership, and Social adaptability)

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information

Officer qualities:

Given :

Collection from primary, middle, secondary and senior secondary is respectively 18%, 30%, 27% & 25%.

Calculations :

Let the total amount be x Rupees

According to the questions

30% of x = 6750 (collection of middle classes) 

⇒ x = 6750 × (100/30)

⇒ 22500 rupees

Total calculation of secondary & senior secondary=  52% of x 

⇒  52% of 22500

⇒ (52/100) of 22500

⇒  Rs 11700

∴ The correct choice will be option 2.

Shortcut Trick 30% = 6750

1% = 225

(27+25)% = 225*52

= 11700

The federal structure for India was first put forward in the Government of India Act of 1935. The act divided the powers between centre and provinces in terms of three lists namely the Federal list, Provincial List and the Concurrent List. Residuary powers were vested with Viceroy.

Important Points

 Salient Features of the Government of India Act 1935 were as follows:

• Abolition of provincial dyarchy and introduction of dyarchy at the centre.
• Abolition of Indian Council and introduction of an advisory body in its place.
• Provision for an All India Federation with British India territories and princely states.
• Elaborate safeguards and protective instruments for minorities.
• Supremacy of British Parliament.
• Increase in size of legislatures, an extension of the franchise, division of subjects into three lists and retention of the communal electorate.
• Separation of Burma from India

Thus, we can say that the Government of India Act, 1935 aimed at providing a federal structure for India.

Important Points

Indian act council 1909 is also known as Morley Minto Reform.

• It is one of the historic acts passed by the British parliament
• Some of its important features are:
• The legislative councils at the Centre and the provinces increased in size
• It introduced a non-official majority at the provincial legislature level
• It enlarged the deliberative functions of the legislative councils at both levels
• It provided for the first time for Indians to be associated with the executive council. SP Sinha became the law member in Viceroy’s executive council
• A system of communal representation was introduced for Muslims
• Separate representations were provided for presidency corporations, chambers of commerce, universities and Zamindars

Indian council act 1919

• Objective: Gradual introduction of responsible government in India
• It relaxed the control of the centre over the provinces by demarcating and separating the central and provincial subjects
• Dyarchy: provincial subjects were divided into- transferred list and a reserve list. Reserved lists were administered by the governor and his executive council that were not answerable to the legislature whereas transferred lists were administered by the governor on the advice of the ministers responsible to the council.
• Bicameralism and direct elections were introduced for the first time
• The act mandated that three of the six members of the Viceroy’s executive council were to be Indian
• The principle of separate electorates was extended to Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians and Europeans
• It granted a franchise to a limited number of people on the basis of property, tax or education
• High commissioner of India position created.

Some powers of the Secretary of State were transferred to the commissioner

• Central public service commission was established.

Simon Commission 1927

• Abolition of dyarchy
• Extension of responsible government in provinces
• Continuation of communal representation
• Establishment of  a federation of British India and princely states

Option 3 is correct, i.e. When a hydrogen atom is in between the two highly electronegative atoms.

• There are two types of H bond and they are as follows:
• Intramolecular hydrogen bond.
• Intermolecular hydrogen bond.
• Intramolecular hydrogen bond:
• It is formed when a hydrogen atom is in between the two highly electronegative (F, O, N) atoms present within the same molecule. For example, in o-nitrophenol, the hydrogen is in between the two oxygen atoms.
• Intermolecular hydrogen bond:
• It is formed between two different molecules of the same or different compounds. For example, H-bond in case of HF molecule, alcohol or water molecules, etc.

From the statements, we have-

Statement 1: G and J are older than Y and C.

⇒ G, J > Y, C

• Since no information is available about E, this statement alone is not sufficient.

Statement 2: E is younger than Y and C.

⇒ Y, C > E

• Since no information is available about G and J, this statement alone is not sufficient.

From statements 1 and 2 together, we have -

⇒ G, J > Y, C > E

• This would result in 4 distinct combinations, with G or J having an equal probability of being the oldest, they are -
• G > J > Y > C > E
• G > J > C > Y > E
• J > G > Y > C > E
• J > G > C > Y > E
• Thus, statements 1 and 2 together are insufficient to answer the question.

 

Hence the correct answer is option 3.

Given:

The area of the square base is 256 cm².

The lateral surface area is 384 cm².

Concept used:

Area of a square = (Side)²

The perimeter of the square base = 4 × side

Lateral surface area of the prism = perimeter of the base × height.

Calculation:

Let ,Side of the square = a cm

As per the question,

a² = 256

⇒ a2= √256

⇒ a = 16 cm

The perimeter of the base = 4 × 16

⇒ 64

So,

384 = 64 × Height

⇒ Height = 6 cm

The height of the prism is 6 cm

Given: 12 January 2019 was on Monday.

The number of odd days between 14 December 1917 to 12 January 2019

Note:- Generally in 100 years, there are 5 odd days but when the century year is a leap year then 1 extra odd day is added and hence, the total odd days is 6.

Century years which are leap years:- 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000, 2024, and so on.

The number of odd days between 14 December 1917 to 14 December 2017 = 100 years = 6 odd days (2000 is a leap century year)

The number of odd days between 14 December 2017 to 14 December 2018 =  1 odd days

The number of odd days between 14 December 2018 to 12 January 2019 = 17 + 12 = 29 days

So, The number of odd days between 14 December 1917 to 12 January 2019 = 6 + 1 + 29 = 35 days = 36/7 = 5 weeks and 1 odd days.

So, 14 December 1917 will be = Monday - 1 = Sunday.

Hence, the correct answer is "Sunday".

Given:

The ages of Bhoomika and Spoorthy are in the ratio of 5 ∶ 2.

Difference = 36 years

Calculation:

Let Bhoomika : Spoorthy = 5x : 2x

Difference = 36 years 

5x - 2x = 36

3x = 36

x = 12.

∴ Bhoomika age = 60 years and Spoorthy age = 24 years.

The ratio of their ages 13 years ago

⇒ Bhoomika : Spoorthy = 60 - 13 : 24 - 13

⇒ Bhoomika : Spoorthy = 47 : 11.

The correct answer is Article 123.

Key Points 

• Article 123
• It empowers the President to promulgate ordinances during the recess of Parliament.
• The President has certain law-making powers that aid him to promulgate ordinances when either of both the Houses of Parliament is not in session which makes enacting laws in the parliament out of question.
• An Ordinance can be issued on any subject that the Parliament has the power to legislate on. In that way, the president’s powers are limited in the same way as the Parliament's.
• The Ordinance in order to stay a law must be approved by the Parliament within six weeks of its reassembly.

Additional Information 

• Article 110 of the Constitution envisages a money bill. It provides that a money bill is a bill relating to the following matters:
• Taxation
• Financial obligations or borrowings of the government
• Matters related to the Contingency Fund or Consolidated Fund of India
• The Audit of the Union or any of the State’s accounts
• Article 51 of the Indian Constitution serves as a beacon, reflecting a sincere commitment to maintaining world peace and security by avoiding disputes and wars for the sake of the entire human species.
• Article 112
• ​It deals with the  Annual financial statement (Budget)
• This article requires the government to present to Parliament a statement of estimated receipts and expenditures in respect of every financial year, from April 1 to March 31.

The correct answer is C14H9C15

Key Points

• C14H9Cl5 is the molecular formula of DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane).
• DDT is a colorless, tasteless, and almost odorless crystalline chemical compound, an organochlorine, originally developed as an insecticide.
• It became infamous for its environmental impacts and was banned in many countries after Rachel Carson's book "Silent Spring" highlighted its dangers.
• Despite its ban in many places, DDT is still used in some parts of the world to control malaria-carrying mosquitoes.

Additional Information

• DDT was first synthesized in 1874 by the Austrian chemist Othmar Zeidler.
• The insecticidal properties of DDT were discovered by Swiss chemist Paul Hermann Müller in 1939, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1948.
• DDT played a significant role in reducing malaria and typhus during World War II and the post-war era.
• Environmental concerns regarding DDT include its persistence in the environment, bioaccumulation in wildlife and humans, and potential health risks such as cancer and reproductive harm.
• Alternatives to DDT include other chemical insecticides, biological control methods, and integrated pest management strategies.

Given : Eight persons – D, E, G, H, K, L, S and T are sitting in a straight line facing north.

Explanation :

1) E sits second from the left end of the row.

2. No one is sitting between H and E.

As position of E with respect to E is not known yet, therefore there are two possible positions for H.

• Case - (1) :

• Case - (2) :

3) G sits fourth to the right of H.

4) K is sitting immediate left of G.

• Case - (1) :

• Case - (2) :

5) Only two persons sit between K and D.

6) L is sitting third to the right of S.

As there is possible position for D is case - (2), therefore case - (2) is eliminated.

After positioning D, L and S only one position is left which will be occupied by the only person left i.e T.

• Case - (1) :

 

Thus, according to the final arrangement four people i.e K, G, L and D are sitting between S and T.

Hence, "More than three" is the correct answer.

Given

Cost of old bat = Rs. 880

Repairing cost = Rs. 120

Selling price = Rs. 800

Concept:

Loss% = (Loss/CP) × 100%

Solution:

⇒ CP = Cost of old bat + Repairing cost = 880 + 120 = Rs. 1000

⇒ Loss = CP - Selling price = 1000 - 800 = Rs. 200

⇒ Loss% = (200/1000) × 100% = 20%

Therefore, the loss percentage is 20%.

The correct answer is Option 4: Reject the offer and inform the police.

Qualities Projected in this situation:  (Integrity, Courage, Determination, Dedication, and Social adaptability)

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information

Officer qualities:

Given data:

Initial population of the town = 84000

Rate of decrease = 10%

Concept used: The formula for compound decrease.

Solution:

Current population = Initial population × (1 - rate/100)^time

Substituting the given values, we get 84000 × (1 - 10/100)³ = 63504

⇒ 84000 × (9/10)3 = 61236

Therefore, the present population of the town is approximately 61236.

The answer is Asiatic elephant

**Key Points:**Vulnerable Species: 

• Species whose population has declined to levels from where it is likely to move into the endangered category in the near future if the negative factors continue to operate.
• Examples:
• Blue sheep, Asiatic elephant, Gangetic dolphin

Endemic Species:

• Species that are only found in some particular areas usually isolated by natural or geographical barriers.
• Examples:
• Andaman teal, Nicobar pigeon, Andaman wild pig, Mithun in Arunachal Pradesh

Additional Information:

• Based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), we can classify the plant and animal species as:

Normal Species:

• Species whose population levels are considered to be normal for their survival, such as cattle, sal, pine, rodents, etc.

Endangered Species:

• Species that are in danger of extinction.
• The survival of such species is difficult if the negative factors that have led to a decline in their population continue to operate.
• Examples:
• Blackbuck, Crocodile, Indian wild ass, Indian rhino, Lion-tailed macaque, Sangai (brow-antlered deer in Manipur)

Rare Species:

• Species with a small population may move into the endangered or vulnerable category if the negative factors affecting them continue to operate.
• Examples:
• Himalayan brown bear, Wild Asiatic buffalo, Desert fox and Hornbill

Extinct Species:

• Species that are not found after searches of known or likely areas where they may occur.
• A species may be extinct from a local area, region, country, continent or the entire earth.
• Examples:
• Asiatic cheetah, Pink head duck

The Correct answer is Force.

Explanation:

• A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object. Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects.
• Newton’s Second law of motion: The rate of change of momentum of any object is directly proportional to the applied force on the body.

\({\rm{Force\;}}\left( {\rm{F}} \right) = \frac{{{\rm{Δ }}P}}{{{\rm{Δ }}t}}\)

Where Δ P = Change in momentum and Δ t = change in time taken

Additional Information

1. Impulse (J): The change in momentum is called impulse.
2. Torque/moment/moment of force/rotational force/turning effect is the rotational equivalent of linear force.
3. Newton’s Second Law of Motion states that the rate of change of linear momentum of a body is proportional to the force acting on it. So option 3 is correct.
4. The kinetic energy of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion. It is defined as the work needed to accelerate a body of a given mass from rest to its stated velocity.

The logic followed here is,

Hence, the correct answer is "FKR".

Given:

Rs. 15,600 at 12% per annum for 9 months, interest compounded quarterly.

Concept used:

1 quarter = 3 months

1 year = 12 months

In case of the compound interest,

Amount = P(1 + R/100)^N

CI = P(1 + R/100)^N - P

where, P = Principal amount

R = Rate of interest per year, N = Time in years

Calculation:

12% per annum

⇒ (12/4)% per quarter

⇒ 3% per quarter

9 months = 3 quarters

So, after 9 months the amount becomes

⇒ 15600(1 + 3/100)³

⇒ 15600 × 1.03³ ≈ Rs. 17046.54

Now, incurred compound interest = 17046.54 - 15600 = Rs. 1446.54

∴ The compound interest on Rs. 15,600 at 12% per annum for 9 months, compounded quarterly is Rs. 1446.54.

Shortcut Trick

CI = 3 × (468) + 3 × (14.04) + 0.42

⇒ CI = 1404 + 42.12 + 0.42

⇒ CI = 1446.54

Given: DEFINITE is coded as 'FITEDENI' and BUFFALOW is coded as 'FFOWBUAL',

The logic is as follows:

For DEFINITE is coded as 'FITEDENI' we get-

For BUFFALOW is coded as 'FFOWBUAL' we get-

Similarly, for ATTACHED we get-

Therefore, according to this logic, ATTACHED is coded as 'TAEDATCH'.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Shortcut Trick

Past ratio (2 years ago) = 3 ∶ 2 (difference is 1)

Present ratio = 7 ∶ 5 (difference is 2)

Make differences equal by multiplying the past ratio by 2 ⇒ 6 ∶ 4

Increase in ratio parts = 7 − 6 = 1 part

1 part = 2 years ⇒ Ram's present age = 7 parts = 7 × 2 = 14 years.

∴ The correct answer is 14 yr.

Alternate Method

Given:

⇒ Ratio of ages of Ram and Shyam 2 years ago = 3 ∶ 2

⇒ Present ratio of their ages = 7 ∶ 5

2 Years Ago
Ram ∶ Shyam
3x ∶ 2x

Present
Ram ∶ Shyam
7 ∶ 5

• 2 Years

Ratio Equation: (3x + 2) ÷ (2x + 2) = 7 ÷ 5

Calculations:

Let the ages of Ram and Shyam 2 years ago be 3x and 2x respectively.

⇒ Ram's present age = 3x + 2

⇒ Shyam's present age = 2x + 2

According to the given present ratio:

⇒ (3x + 2) ÷ (2x + 2) = 7 ÷ 5

Cross-multiplying the equation:

⇒ 5 × (3x + 2) = 7 × (2x + 2)

⇒ 15x + 10 = 14x + 14

⇒ 15x − 14x = 14 − 10

⇒ x = 4

Substitute the value of x to find Ram's present age:

⇒ Ram's present age = 3x + 2 = 3(4) + 2 = 12 + 2 = 14 years

∴ The correct answer is 14 yr.

Additional Information

1. Constant Age Difference Concept

The difference in ages between two individuals always remains constant at any point in time (past, present, or future). Equating the horizontal difference in ratios is the fastest way to solve age-based ratio questions without using basic algebra. 2. Cross-Multiplication Shortcut

If an initial ratio a ∶ b changes to c ∶ d after adding the same value k to both terms, the multiplier for the initial ratio can be found directly as x = [k × (c − d)] ÷ (a×d − b×c). 3. Average Age Rules

If the average age of a group of n people is A years, the total sum of their ages is n × A. After y years, the average age of the same group naturally becomes (A + y) years.

The correct answer is Betwa.

• Betwa originates from the Vindhya Range.

Key Points

• Vindhya Range: 
• The elevation of the Vindhyan Range is 300 to 650 m.
• Vindhya Range is mostly composed of horizontally bedded sedimentary rocks of ancient age.
• It acts as a watershed between the Ganga system and the river systems of South India.
• Rivers like Chambal, Betwa, and Ken rise from Vindhya Range.
• The Betwa river is a tributary of Yamuna.
• Betwa river flows in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.

Additional Information 

• Kaveri originates in Brahmgiri Range in Western Ghats.
• Harangi, Hemavati, Arkavati,  Kabini River, and Noyyal River are tributaries.
• Chenab originates from Bara Lacha Pass.
• Gomati river originates from Gomat Taal.

​

The correct answer is Movement of O₂ and CO₂ in and out of the living cell.

Note: According to the official answer key, the given answer is Option 4 but in actual the correct answer would be Option 2 because movement of O₂ and CO₂ in and out of living cells is not an example of osmosis; it occurs through the process of diffusion and gaining of water by unicellular freshwater organisms happens through osmosis as water enters the organism from the surrounding environment.

Key Points

• Osmosis is the process of water molecules moving across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.
• Absorption of water by plant roots is an example of osmosis, as water moves from the soil (lower solute concentration) into the roots (higher solute concentration).
• Swelling of raisins when soaked in water occurs due to osmosis, where water moves into the raisins causing them to swell.
• Gaining of water by unicellular freshwater organisms happens through osmosis as water enters the organism from the surrounding environment.
• Movement of O₂ and CO₂ in and out of living cells is not an example of osmosis; it occurs through the process of diffusion.

Additional Information

• Diffusion
• Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
• It does not require a semipermeable membrane and can involve various types of molecules including gases and small solutes.
• Active Transport
• Active transport is the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy in the form of ATP.
• This process is essential for maintaining concentration gradients of ions across cell membranes.
• Facilitated Diffusion
• Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that involves the use of carrier proteins to move molecules across a cell membrane.
• It is important for the transport of substances that cannot diffuse freely across the membrane.

The pattern is as follows:

19 + 26 = 45

26 + 45 = 71

45 + 71 = 116

116 + 71 = 187.

Hence, 187 is the correct ans.

Given :

The centroid of a triangle ABC is O

The length of the side of the triangle is 27 cm

Concept used :

Centroid divides the upper part & lower part of the perpendicular inside an equilateral triangle in 2 : 1

Height of triangle = (√3/2)× side

Calculations :

Height of triangle = (√3/2) × 27

⇒ (27√3)/2

Now the length of AO 

⇒ AO = 2/3 of perpendicular × (Height)

⇒ 2/3 of (27√3/2)

⇒ 9√3 cm

∴ The correct choice will be option 1.

The logic is:

Similarly,

Hence, ‘PUVN’ is the correct answer.

Calculation:

Expenditure on food = 105

Expenditure on rent = 70

Required percentage = [(105 – 70)/70 × 100]

⇒ (35/70 × 100)

⇒ 50%

∴ The required percentage is 50%

The correct answer is Dehradun.

• The Forest Research Institute located in Dehradun.
• It was established in 1906 as Imperial Forest Research Institute.
• It comes under the aegis of the Ministry of Environment and Forests.

Additional Information

• Wildlife Institute of India is also located in Dehradun.
• Indian Institute of Forest Management is located in Bhopal.

The correct answer is Blood transfusion.

Key Points

• Hepatitis B:
• It is a liver disease that is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV).
• The virus is known to interfere with the functions of the liver and causes pathological damage.
• It can be both acute or chronic disease.
• HBV is spread by contact with the blood or body fluids of an infected person.
• Hepatitis B is spread when blood, semen, or other body fluids from a person infected with the virus enters the body of someone who is not infected.

Additional Information 

Given: Five cities - 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S' and 'T' are famous for their garden, painting, education, pottery and scents.

1. 'P' and 'R' are not famous for education or garden. 

2) 'S' is not famous for education.

3) 'S' and 'T' are not famous for garden and painting.

4) 'Q' and 'T' are not famous for painting or pottery. 

5) Scent and painting have nothing to do with 'P'. 

So, we get that :

Pottery is famous in the city P only.

Garden is famous in the city Q only.

Painting is famous in the city R only.

As garden is famous in city Q, therefore Education is famous in the city T.

As education is famous in city T, therefore scents is famous in the city S.

Thus, Q city is famous for gardens.

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Slant height (l) = √(height² + (side/2)²)

⇒ l = √(16² + 12²) = √(256 + 144) = √400 = 20 cm

Lateral Surface Area (LSA) = 1/2 × Perimeter of base × Slant height

⇒ LSA = 1/2 × (4 × 24) × 20 = 2 × 24 × 20 = 960 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 960 cm².

Alternate Method

Given:

Side of square base (a) = 24 cm

Height of pyramid (h) = 16 cm

Formula Used:

⇒ Slant height (l) = √(h² + (a/2)²)

⇒ Lateral Surface Area = 2 × a × l

Calculations:

⇒ Base radius (r) = 24 ÷ 2 = 12 cm

⇒ l = √(16² + 12²)

⇒ l = √(256 + 144) = √400 = 20 cm

⇒ Lateral Surface Area = 2 × 24 × 20

⇒ Lateral Surface Area = 48 × 20 = 960 cm²

∴ The correct answer is 960 cm².

Additional Information

Total Surface Area of Pyramid

TSA = Lateral Surface Area + Area of the Base. For a square base, TSA = 2al + a².

Volume of a Pyramid

Volume = 1/3 × Area of Base × Height = 1/3 × a² × h.

Slant Edge vs Slant Height

Slant edge (e) connects the apex to a corner: e = √(l² + (a/2)²) = √(h² + (a/√2)²).

From the information provided by the statement, we cannot infer the type of crops which come under the category of Rabi crops. The information provided is not sufficient.

Therefore, inference I does not follow.

On the other hand, the months mentioned in the statement helps us to infer the season in which these crops are grown in India.

Thus, we can call Rabi crops as winter crops.

Therefore, inference II follows.

Hence, Only inference II follows.

Given

Initial age ratio = 8 ∶ 15

Future age ratio = 11 ∶ 18

Time progression = 9 years

Concept:

The difference in ratios represents the difference in age. In this case, the increase in ages in both cases is 9 years.

Solution:

Let the ratio be x

According to the question:

⇒ (8x + 9)/15x + 9) = 11/18

⇒ x = 3

Difference = 15x - 8x = 7x

7x = 7 × 3 = 21

Therefore, the difference between their ages is 21 years.

Shortcut TrickAfter 9 years age difference of the ratio is 3 years 

3 unit = 9 

1 unit = 3 years

Difference of the age = 18x - 11x = 7x 

⇒ 7 × 3 = 21 years

Therefore, the difference between their ages is 21 years.

The Correct Answer is 2026.

In News

• National Campaign launched to eliminate Measles-Rubella by 2026.

Key Points

• The National Zero Measles-Rubella Elimination Campaign 2025-26 was launched on the first day of World Immunisation Week in New Delhi.
• The goal is to eliminate Measles and Rubella in India by 2026.
• The campaign aims to achieve 100% immunisation coverage by administering two doses of the Measles and Rubella vaccine to children.
• J P Nadda, the Health Minister, launched the campaign and highlighted India’s progress.
• The campaign encourages active Jan Bhagidari (public participation) and involvement of local leaders, including MLAs, MPs, and Panchayat heads.
• Measles and Rubella are highly infectious diseases that can cause serious illness, lifelong complications, and death.
• Vaccination is offered free under the Universal Immunisation Programme at:
• 9 to 12 months for the first dose.
• 16 to 24 months for the second dose.

The correct answer is Pituitary Gland.

• Pituitary Gland is an Endocrine gland in the human body.
• It is also known as the master gland.

Key Points

• A Gland is called the endocrine gland when it secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream.
• Endocrine: End means no duct required and the hormones go directly into the blood.
• Examples: Thyroid Gland, Parathyroid Gland, Adrenal Gland, etc.

Additional Information

• The glands which have ducts through which enzymes pass are known as the Exocrine Glands.
• Exocrine glands are glands that secrete their products through ducts to an epithelial surface.
• Unlike endocrine glands, which release hormones directly into the bloodstream, exocrine glands use ducts to transport their secretions externally or into body cavities.
• They secrete enzymes, mucus, sweat, saliva, and other substances.
• Examples: Digestive Gland, Salivary Gland, Sweat gland, etc.

The correct time is,

 

Alternate Short trick:

Whenever you need to find the mirror time from actual or actual time from mirror time then just subtract the given time from 11: 60

Here Actual time = 11: 60 – 8: 30 = 3: 30

Hence, “3: 30” is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Given: Radius (r) = 14 cm.

Height (h) = Radius + 6 = 14 + 6 = 20 cm.

Volume = πr²h = (22/7) × 14 × 14 × 20.

Volume = 44 × 14 × 20 = 12320 cm³.

∴ The correct answer is 12320 cm³.

Alternate Method

Given:

Radius of base (r) = 14 cm

Height of cylinder (h) = r + 6 cm

Formula Used:

Volume of Cylinder (V) = π × r² × h

Calculations:

⇒ Radius (r) = 14 cm

⇒ Height (h) = 14 + 6 = 20 cm

⇒ Volume (V) = (22/7) × 14 × 14 × 20

⇒ V = 22 × (14 ÷ 7) × 14 × 20

⇒ V = 22 × 2 × 14 × 20

⇒ V = 44 × 280

⇒ V = 12320 cm³

∴ The correct answer is 12320 cm³.

Additional Information

Curved Surface Area of Cylinder

The area of the curved part of the cylinder is given by CSA = 2πrh.

Total Surface Area of Cylinder

The sum of the areas of the curved surface and the two circular bases: TSA = 2πr(h + r).

Volume Conversion

1 cm³ = 1 mL and 1000 cm³ = 1 Liter.