MP Police Constable : (29 Nov 2025) Memory-Based Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Sunga Dynasty.

Key Points

• "Vidisha" was made its capital by Pushyamitra, the ruler of the Sunga dynasty.
• The Sunga dynasty was founded by Pushyamitra Sunga in 185 BC.
• The information about the Satavahana dynasty is found in the "Article of Sanchi".
• The Satavahana dynasty was founded by "Simuk" and coins of Gautamiputra Shatakarni are obtained from "Ujjain".
• Gautamiputra Shatkarni ruled from Malwa to Maheshwar after defeating Saka King 'Nahapan'.
• In the first-century BC 'Ujjain' was the major commercial center of North India.
• Kanishka was the greatest ruler of the Kushan dynasty.

The logic followed here is,

59 * 60 # 45 @ 5 = 128,

→ 59 + 60 + 45 ÷ 5 = 128

→ 59 + 60 + 9 = 128

→ 128 = 128 

63 * 50 # 48 @ 12 = 117,

→ 63 + 50 + 48 ÷ 12 = 117

→ 63 + 50 + 4 = 117

→ 117 = 117

Similarly,

79 * 30 # 120 @ 20 = ?  

→ 79 + 30 + 120 ÷ 20 = ?

→ 79 + 30 + 6 = ?

→ 115 = ?

Hence, the correct answer is "115".

Shortcut Trick

The age difference between Vivek and Lakshmi remains constant at 26 years.

Target Ratio = 3 : 1 (Vivek : Lakshmi)

Difference in ratio parts = 3 − 1 = 2 units

2 units = 26 years ⇒ 1 unit = 13 years (Lakshmi's age)

Year when Lakshmi is 13 = 1990 + 13 = 2003

∴ The correct answer is 2003.

Alternate Method

Given: Vivek's age in 1990 = 26 years, Lakshmi's birth year = 1990.

Formula Used: Age after 'x' years = Initial Age + x

⇒ Let 'x' be the number of years after 1990.

⇒ In year (1990 + x), Vivek's age = 26 + x and Lakshmi's age = x.

⇒ According to the question: 26 + x = 3 × x

⇒ 26 = 3x − x

⇒ 2x = 26

⇒ x = 13

⇒ Required Year = 1990 + 13 = 2003.

∴ The correct answer is 2003.

Additional Information

Constant Age Difference

The difference between the ages of two individuals remains the same regardless of how many years pass.

Age Ratio Property

As time progresses, the ratio of the ages of two people always moves closer to 1 :

1. Age 'n' Years Ago

If the current age is 'A', then the age 'n' years ago was (A − n) and 'n' years later will be (A + n).

Maldives is NOT correct.

Key Points

• BIMSTEC is the acronym for Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation.
• It is a regional organization comprising seven Member States lying in the littoral and adjacent areas of the Bay of Bengal constituting a contiguous regional unity.
• BIMSTEC came into being on 6 June 1997.
• Seven countries are members of BIMSTEC:

1. Bangladesh
2. Bhutan
3. India
4. Nepal
5. Sri Lanka
6. Myanmar
7. Thailand

The correct answer is The liver and muscles.

Key Points

• Energy is stored in the liver and muscles in the form of Glycogen.
• Glycogen:
• Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in fungi and animals.
• The polysaccharide structure of glucose shows the primary storage form of glucose in the body.
• Glycogen is made and stored in the cells of the liver and muscles that are hydrated with the four parts of water.
• It acts as the secondary long-term energy storage.
• Muscle glycogen is quickly converted into glucose by muscle cells and liver glycogen that converts into glucose throughout the body, including the central nervous system.

Additional Information

• Carbohydrate:
• Carbohydrate is a class of naturally occurring compounds and derivatives formed from them.
• In the early part of the 19^th century, substances such as wood, starch, and linen were found to be composed mainly of molecules containing atoms of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) and to have the general formula C₆H₁₂O₆.
• Other organic molecules with similar formulas were found to have a similar ratio of hydrogen to oxygen.
• The general formula C_x(H₂O)_y is commonly used to represent many carbohydrates, which means “watered carbon.”
• Fat:
• Fat, any substance of plant or animal origin that is nonvolatile, insoluble in water, and oily or greasy to the touch.
• Fats are usually solid at ordinary temperatures, such as 25 °C (77 °F), but they begin to liquefy at somewhat higher temperatures.
• Chemically, fats are identical to animal and vegetable oils, consisting primarily of glycerides, which are esters formed by the reaction of three molecules of fatty acids with one molecule of glycerol.
• Protein:
• Protein is a highly complex substance that is present in all living organisms.
• Proteins are of great nutritional value and are directly involved in the chemical processes essential for life.
• The importance of proteins was recognized by chemists in the early 19^th century, including Swedish chemist Jons Jacob Berzelius, who in 1838 coined the term protein, a word derived from the Greek proteios, meaning “holding first place.”
• Proteins are species-specific; that is, the proteins of one species differ from those of another species.
• They are also organ-specific; for instance, muscle proteins differ from those of the brain and liver within a single organism.

A watch reads 4.30. If the minute hand points East, then the hour hand will point at North-East direction, as shown below:

Hence, 'North-east' is the correct answer.

Concept use:

Volume of Sphere = (4/3)πR3

Surface area of Sphere = 4πR2

Calculation:

Ratio of surface area of two spheres = 16 : 9

Volume of sphere = (4/3)πR3

Surface area of sphere = 4πR2

According to the question,

⇒ 4πR2 / 4πr2 = 16 / 9

⇒ R2 / r2 = 16 / 9

⇒ R / r = 4 / 3

Ratio of volume of sphere = (4/3)πR3 :(4/3)πr3

= 43 / 33 = 64 : 27

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Montreal.

Key Points

• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO):
• The International Civil Aviation Organisation is a specialized agency and was established on 4^th April 1947.
• It changes the principles and techniques of international air navigation.
• The Convention on International Civil Aviation was signed on 7^th December 1944 in Chicago.
• ​It also fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safety and orderly growth.
• Its headquarters in Montreal, Canada.
• ​India is among its 193 members.

The correct answer is Soap.

The compound obtained by heating a caustic soda solution with linseed oil can be used as a Soap.

Key Points

• Soaps are Sodium or Potassium salts of fatty acids.
• They are made from fats or oils.
• The process of making soaps is known as Saponification.
• Formula- Soap contains a negatively charged ion of fatty acid (looks like C₁₇H₃₅COO-) and the positively charged ion of either Sodium (Na+) or Potassium (K+).
• The fatty acid ion is known as the tail of the soap molecule and sodium or potassium ion is known as the head of the soap molecule
• So the formula becomes C₁₇H₃₅COONa ( fatty acid in the composition can change)
• These are also known as stearates of sodium or potassium.
• They fall into the category of salts.

Additional Information

• Hard soaps are made using Sodium hydroxides.
• They are manufactured by the hot process of saponification.
• In the hot process, hot oils and lye are combined to initiate saponification.
• Soft soaps are made using Potassium hydroxide.
• They are manufactured by the cold process of saponification.

Statement:

“Adopt a policy of working five days a week to increase productivity.”

Assumptions:

I. Productivity is directly related to the number of working days in a week → Implicit (Productivity is directly related to the number of working days in a week. This does not necessarily mean that fewer working days always increase productivity or more working days always decrease productivity because "directly related" doesn't clarify the nature of the relationship - it could be any kind of direct relationship, but it is presumed that there's a direct relationship because the idea in the statement wouldn't make sense otherwise. This is why Assumption I is considered implicit in the statement.)

II. People do not work hard in six working days in a week system → Not Implicit, (This is not true at all, every person works according to his/her ability to work, and nowhere in the statement has it been not mentioned about working for 6 days)

Here, "Only assumption I is implicit".

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

⇒ Average weight of 11 students = 37

⇒ Sum of weights of 11 students = 37 × 11 = 407

Now, average weights of 10 students = 35

⇒ Sum of weights of 10 students = 35 × 10 = 350

∴ Weight of the student who left = 407 – 350 = 57 kg

ALTERNATE SOLUTION:

Weight of student who left = (37 × 11) – 350 = 57

The correct answer is Gujarat.

• In Gujarat, the Statue of Unity is situated.
• It is the tallest statue in the world of height 182m.

Key Points

• It was built on Sandhu Island on the Narmada river, near Sardar Sarovar dam.
• The statue of unity is the statue of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was the first deputy minister of India.
• He was the senior leader of the National Congress party.
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is known as the Iron man of the world.
• Patel was respected for his leadership in uniting 562 princely states of India.
• The project of making statues of unity was initiated in 2010 and completed in 2018.
• It is considered the pride of India. It was made for him for spending his life for the freedom of India.

Additional Information

• The sculptor of this statue is Mr. Ram V. Sutar. The height of this statue is 182m.

The correct answer is Nicotine.

• The main poisonous constituent of tobacco is nicotine.

Key Points ​

• Tobacco smoke is made up of thousands of chemicals, including at least 70 known to cause cancer.
• The cancer-causing chemicals are known as carcinogens.
• Some of them are:-
• Nicotine
• Hydrogen cyanide
• Formaldehyde
• Lead
• Arsenic

Additional Information

• Nicotine- C₁₀H₁₄N₂ 
• It's a naturally occurring chemical that contains nitrogen.
• It is heavily addictive.
• Uses
• Nicotine is used as a recreational drug because of its mood-altering and pleasure-inducing effects.o
• It is also used as a treatment for addiction to tobacco.
• It is also used as a pesticide.
• Aspirin
• Formula- C₉H₈O₄.
• It is a common drug used for treating minor pains and fevers.
• Morphine
• Formula- C₁₇H₁₉NO₃.
• It is used for treating moderate to severe pain.
• Reserpine
• Formula- C₃₃H₄₀N₂O₉.
• It is a drug used to treat high blood pressure.

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols:

Possible family tree diagram will be:

Hence, D is the brother of P.

Shortcut Trick

Speed of train = Total Distance ÷ Time = (250 + 200) ÷ 45 = 10 m/s.

Speed of man = 6 × (5 ÷ 18) = 5/3 m/s.

Relative speed in same direction = 10 − 5/3 = 25/3 m/s.

Time to pass the man = Train Length ÷ Relative Speed = 250 ÷ (25/3).

Time = 250 × (3 ÷ 25) = 30 seconds.

∴ The correct answer is 30 s.

Alternate Method

Given:

Length of train = 250 m

Length of platform = 200 m

Time taken to cross platform = 45 s

Speed of man = 6 km/h

Formula Used:

Speed = Distance ÷ Time

Relative Speed (Same Direction) = Speed of Train − Speed of Object

Time to cross a moving object = Train Length ÷ Relative Speed

Case 1: Train crossing platform

Train (250 m)

Platform (200 m)

Total Distance = 450 m | Time = 45 s

Case 2: Train crossing man (Same Direction)

Train (250 m)

10 m/s

5/3 m/s
Man

Time = ?

Calculations:

⇒ Total distance covered to cross the platform = Length of train + Length of platform

⇒ Total distance = 250 + 200 = 450 m

⇒ Speed of train = 450 ÷ 45 = 10 m/s

⇒ Speed of man in m/s = 6 × (5 ÷ 18) = 5/3 m/s

⇒ Relative speed = 10 − 5/3 = (30 − 5) ÷ 3 = 25/3 m/s

⇒ Time taken to cross the man = Length of train ÷ Relative speed

⇒ Time = 250 ÷ (25/3) = (250 × 3) ÷ 25

⇒ Time = 10 × 3 = 30 s

∴ The correct answer is 30 s.

Additional Information

Relative Speed

When two objects move in the same direction, Relative Speed = S₁ − S₂. When they move in opposite directions, Relative Speed = S₁ + S₂.

Unit Conversion

To convert speed from km/h to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/h, multiply by 18/5.

Train Crossing Rules

When a train crosses a stationary object with length (platform, bridge), distance = L_train + L_object. When it crosses a point object (man, pole), distance = L_train.

The correct answer is ​​"Diaspora's Contribution to a Viksit Bharat"

In News

• PBD 2025, themed ‘Diaspora’s Contribution to a Viksit Bharat’, kicjed off in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, hosting 6,000 global leaders from 75 countries.

Key Points

• Highlights:
• PM Modi virtually flagged off the Pravasi Bharatiya Express, a tourist train showcasing India’s heritage.
• Focus on seeking investments in Odisha, highlighting sectors like mining, steel, marine economy, and IT.
• Special joint business session by the MEA and Odisha government.
• Prominent Attendees:
• Ashok Mago, Padma Shri awardee and proponent of India-US ties.
• International leaders like Sopnendu Mohanty (Singapore), Rohit Ratnakar Rao (Peru), and Ashok Kalra (Kuwait).
• Cultural Focus:
• Sessions on Indian cultural heritage chaired by Union Tourism and Culture Minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat.
• Speakers include Aishwarya Hegde (Odissi proponent in Oman) and Shankar Kandasamy (Bharatanatyam expert, Malaysia).
• Special Sessions:
• ‘Nari Shakti’ session chaired by Jaishankar and moderated by ISRO scientist Ritu Karidhal.
• Youth session on ‘Diaspora Youth Leadership’ led by Mansukh Mandaviya.
• Strategic Importance:
• Odisha’s economic potential in the ASEAN and Indo-Pacific regions aligns with India’s Act East Policy.
• The state’s transformation from Kalinga’s history to modern development is highlighted.

The correct answer is 5 sec.

Key Points

• We lose consciousness if blood flow to the brain is cut off for more than 5 sec.
• Fainting is the sudden and temporary loss of consciousness.
• consciousness arises from neural activity in the cerebral cortex.
• Anything that disrupts neural activity in the cerebral cortex can cause loss of consciousness.
• The most common cause of fainting is insufficient blood flow to the brain.

Additional Information

• Your brain's a real oxygen hog.
• It's a small part of your body weight, but it uses 20% of your oxygen.
• It can't store the oxygen, so it needs a steady flow of blood to work well.
• Brain cells start to die if they go without oxygen for just 3-4 minutes-
• and that's exactly what happens during a stroke.
• Blood flow to a certain part of the brain may be decreased or interrupted by:
• Blood clots
• Bleeding because of a ruptured blood vessel.
• Damage to a blood vessel from atherosclerosis, infection, or other causes, such as an autoimmune disorder.

The number 4 appears in 3 dice position i.e. 1^st 2^nd and 3^rdfrom which it is evident that 6, 2, 1, 5 are adjacent to it and cannot be opposite to number 4. From this we can conclude that number 4 faces number 3.

Similarly Number 6 appears in 2 dice position i.e. 1^st and 3^rd from which it is evident that 2, 4 and 5 are adjacent to it and cannot be opposite to number 6. Also, number 4 faces number 3. From this we can conclude that number 6 faces number 1.

From the above conclusions we can say that Number 5 will be facing number 2.

Hence, “2” is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Directly substitute the trigonometric values: sin 60° = √3/2, cos 30° = √3/2, tan 45° = 1, and cot 45° = 1.

Expression: (√3/2)² + (√3/2)² + 1² + 1²

Calculation: 3/4 + 3/4 + 1 + 1 = 1.5 + 2 = 3.5.

∴ The correct answer is 3.5.

Alternate Method

Given: sin² 60° + cos² 30° + tan² 45° + cot² 45°

Formula Used: Standard values of trigonometric ratios for specific angles.

⇒ sin 60° = √3/2

⇒ cos 30° = √3/2

⇒ tan 45° = 1

⇒ cot 45° = 1

⇒ Result = (√3/2)² + (√3/2)² + (1)² + (1)²

⇒ Result = 3/4 + 3/4 + 1 + 1

⇒ Result = 6/4 + 2

⇒ Result = 1.5 + 2 = 3.5

∴ The correct answer is 3.5.

Additional Information

Trigonometric Table Values

Standard values for θ = 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90° are essential for solving simplification problems in trigonometry.

Complementary Angle Property

Note that sin θ = cos (90° − θ), which is why sin 60° = cos 30° = √3/2.

Pythagorean Identities

Basic identities include sin²θ + cos²θ = 1 and 1 + tan²θ = sec²θ.

The correct answer is Bihar.

• Barabar caves are located in the Jehanabad district(Bihar).
• They are believed to belong to the Mauryan period (322-185 BC).

Important Points

• The twin hills of Barabar and Nagarjuni are the home to these.
• The Barabara caves comprise two chambers, sculpted out of granite and the internal surface is highly polished.
• Barabar Hill accommodates four caves: Karan Chaupar, Sudama, Lomas Rishi, and Visvakarma.
• Lomas Rishi cave is an arch-like shape.
• Sudama cave has a circular vaulted chamber with a rectangular mandapa.
• Karan Chaupar has a single rectangular room with polished surfaces.
• Visvakarma cave comprises two rectangular rooms.

Additional Information

• Ellora caves-
• The Ellora caves, locally known as 'Verul Leni' is located on the Aurangabad - Chalisgaon road at a distance of 30 km north - northwest of Aurangabad, in the Indian state of Maharashtra.
• Ellora is one of the largest rock-cut monastery - temple caves complexes in the world, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• During the regime of the Rashtrakuta were the famous Ellora caves of Maharashtra built.
• Ajanta Caves-
• The Ajanta Caves are a series of 29 Buddhist cave temples in Ajanta, India, some of which date from the 2^nd century BC. Encompassing both Theravada and Mahayana Buddhist traditions, the Ajanta caves preserve some of the best masterpieces of Buddhist art in India.
• The Ajanta Caves were carved in the 2^nd century BC out of a horseshoe-shaped cliff along the Waghora River.

Extra facts:

• Madhya Pradesh- Bagh Caves
• Maharashtra - Ajanta Caves, Bhaja Caves, Elephanta Caves, Ellora Caves, Kanheri Caves
• Karnataka- Badami Caves
• Bihar - Barabar Caves
• Odisha - Udaygiri Caves
• Andhra Pradesh - Borra Caves
• Tamilnadu - Varah Caves

The correct answer is Distillation.

Key Points

• Distillation, or classical distillation, is the process of separating the components or substances from a liquid mixture by using selective boiling and condensation.
• Dry distillation is the heating of solid materials to produce gaseous products.
• Examples of uses of distillation include purification of alcohol, desalination, crude oil refining, and making liquefied gases from the air.
• Vacuum distillation is distillation performed under reduced pressure, which allows the purification of compounds not readily distilled at ambient pressures or simply to save time or energy.

Additional Information

• Filtration is a process used to separate solids from liquids or gases using a filter medium that allows the fluid to pass through but not the solid.
• Evaporation is a type of vaporization that occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gas phase.
• Condensation is the change of the physical state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase and is the reverse of vaporization.

The pattern followed here is:

Two types of movement are followed.

1. The first two elements and the last two elements are interchanged in their position mutually.

2) The first two elements and the last two elements are interchanged in their position simultaneously.

This movement occurs alternatively and so on.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Shortcut Trick

Use the direct ratio formula: MP / CP = (100 + Profit%) / (100 − Discount%)

MP / 600 = (100 + 25) / (100 − 20) = 125 / 80

MP / 600 = 25 / 16

MP = (25 × 600) ÷ 16 = 25 × 37.5 = 937.50

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 937.50.

Alternate Method

Given:

Cost Price (CP) = Rs. 600

Profit Percentage = 25%

Discount Percentage = 20%

Formula Used:

1. Selling Price (SP) = CP × (100 + Profit%) ÷ 100
2. Marked Price (MP) = SP × 100 ÷ (100 − Discount%)

Calculations:

⇒ Selling Price (SP) = 600 × (100 + 25) ÷ 100

⇒ SP = 600 × 1.25 = Rs. 750

⇒ Marked Price (MP) = 750 × 100 ÷ (100 − 20)

⇒ MP = 750 × 100 ÷ 80

⇒ MP = 750 × 1.25 = Rs. 937.50

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 937.50.

Additional Information

Markup Percentage

It is the percentage by which the cost price is raised to fix the marked price. Formula: Markup% = (MP − CP) ÷ CP × 100.

Effective Discount

When two successive discounts a% and b% are given, the single equivalent discount is (a + b − ab/100)%.

Relation between Markup, Profit and Discount

The relationship is given by: 1 + Profit% = (1 + Markup%) × (1 − Discount%) where percentages are in decimal form.

The correct answer is Australia.

Key Points

Australia 

• Australia is the largest producer of bauxite in the world.
• Hence the correct answer is option 2.
• It is a leading producer of gold, diamond, iron ore, tin and nickel.
• It is also rich in copper, lead, zinc and manganese.
• Kalgoorlie and Coolgardie areas of western Australia have the largest deposits of gold.

The correct answer is amino acids.

Key Points

• All proteins are polymers of a-amino acids which are linked together through a peptide linkage.
• Proteins make up 15% of the mass of our body.
• Amino acids
• Amino acids are the basic building units of proteins.
• Their molecule possesses both an amino group as well as a carboxylic group.
• The amino acids having amino and carboxyl groups are attached to the same carbon.
• Example- Glycine, Alanine, etc.

Additional Information 

• Sugars
• Carbohydrates that are sweet in taste are called sugars.
• Example- Sucrose, lactose, etc.
• Fatty acids
• Fatty acids are the building blocks of the fat in our bodies and in the food we eat.
• Example- fats, oils, cholesterol, and steroids.

The logic is:

9 : 72 → 9 × (9 – 1) = 72

Similarly,

5 : ? → 5 × (5 – 1) = 20

Hence, ‘20’ is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Cost Price (CP) of the mixture = Selling Price × (100 ÷ 120)

CP = 336 × (5 ÷ 6) = ₹280

By the rule of alligation, the required ratio is:

(Price of 2^nd tea − CP of mixture) : (CP of mixture − Price of 1^st tea)

Ratio = (300 − 280) : (280 − 240) = 20 : 40 = 1 : 2

∴ The correct answer is 1 : 2.

Alternate Method

Given:

Cost Price of first tea = ₹240 per kg

Cost Price of second tea = ₹300 per kg

Selling Price (SP) of the mixture = ₹336 per kg

Profit = 20%

Formula Used:

Cost Price (CP) = [100 ÷ (100 + Profit%)] × SP

Calculations:

⇒ CP of the mixture = [100 ÷ (100 + 20)] × 336

⇒ CP of the mixture = (100 ÷ 120) × 336

⇒ CP of the mixture = 33600 ÷ 120

⇒ CP of the mixture = ₹280 per kg

Applying the rule of alligation on the Cost Prices:

⇒ Quantity of cheaper tea : Quantity of dearer tea = (300 − 280) : (280 − 240)

⇒ Ratio = 20 : 40

⇒ Ratio = 1 : 2

∴ The correct answer is 1 : 2.

Additional Information

Rule of Alligation

It states that if two ingredients at given prices are mixed to produce a mixture at a given price, the ratio of their quantities is given by (Price of dearer − Mean price) : (Mean price − Price of cheaper).

Cost Price Pre-requisite

When Selling Price and Profit % are given, it is strictly required to find the Cost Price of the mixture first using CP = SP × [100 ÷ (100 + Profit%)]. Alligation must always be applied on Cost Prices, never on Selling Prices.

Replacement Method Formula

If a vessel contains 'a' units of pure liquid and 'b' units are drawn off and replaced by water for 'n' repeated operations, the final quantity of original liquid left = a × [1 − (b ÷ a)]ⁿ.

The correct answer is Article 19.

• Articles 15, 16, 19, 29, 30 are available only to Indian Citizens.

Key Points

• Article 15 - Prohibition of discrimination on the basis of race, caste, gender, sex, place of birth.
• Article 16 - Provision for reservation in public employment.
• Article 19 - Freedom of Speech and Expression (includes six rights)
• Article 28-30 - Cultural and educational rights
• Article 20 - Protection in respect of conviction of offenses
• Article 21 - Protection of life and personal liberty
• Article 22 - Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases

The correct answer is Copper & Zinc.

• Brass is a mixture of Copper and Zinc.
• Brass has higher malleability than bronze or zinc and almost 90% of all brass is recycled.
• Its colour varies from red to yellowish-brown depending upon the amount of zinc added in the alloy.
• It has a low melting point, durability, electrical and thermal conductivity which makes it alloy of diverse uses.

Key Points

• Uses of Brass-
• Used for decorative purposes because of its resemblance to gold.
• it is a good antioxidant
• Used to make musical instruments
• Used in ammunition components
• it is corrosion resistant

Additional Information

Now considering other options-

Shortcut Trick

• Brass and Bronze are the two most confusing alloys of copper. So it is useful to remember mnemonics to avoid confusion among them.
• Brass does not contain the letter 'Z' is its spelling hence in its composition 'Z' lettered element is used i.e Copper and Zinc
• Bronze contains the alphabet 'Z' in its spelling so it will not contain Zinc in its composition, also this spelling misses 'S' alphabet, hence Bronze will contain Sn (Tin) and Copper in its composition.

Statement:

The green bowl has tomato soup.

Conclusions:

I. The red bowl has mushroom soup→ Does not follow → The given statement does not mention red bowl or tomato soup so the conclusion is not related to the statement thus the conclusion does not follow.

II. The soup is too bad→ Does not follow → There is no information given about the feedback on the soup also the given statement does not suggest any negative or positive review on the soup therefore the conclusion does not follow.

So, neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Given:

252 ÷ [51 - {27 - (9 - \(\overline{8+7}\))}]

Concept used:

Calculation:

252 ÷ [51 - {27 - (9 - \(\overline{8+7}\))}]

⇒ 252 ÷ [51 - {27 - (9 - 15)}]

⇒ 252 ÷ [51 - {27 - (- 6)}]

⇒ 252 ÷ [51 - {27 + 6}]

⇒ 252 ÷ [51 - 33]

⇒ 252 ÷ 18

⇒ 14

∴ The required answer is 14.

The correct answer is Buddhism.

• Silappadikaram and Manimekalai are Continuous epics.
• Manimekalai was written by Sattanar of Madurai. It is the story of Manimekalai, daughter of Kovalan and Madhavi. She later became a Buddhist nun. It gives glimpses of the development of the fine arts in the Sangam Age.
• Silappadikaram is the greatest and earliest epic by Ilanko Adikal. It is a story of Kovalan of Puhar who falls in love with Madhavi a dancer. Kovalan's wife Kannagi takes revenge for his husband's death at the hands of a Pandyan king and becomes a goddess.

Important Points

• Jainism:
• Jainas believe in 24 Tirthankaras as great teachers or leaders of their religion.
• Rishabhdeva is believed to be the first Tirthankara by the Jainas. He was also known as Adinath.
• The twenty-third Tirthankara, Parshvanath was the son of Ikshvaku king Ashvasena of Kasi.
• Rishabhdeva and Arishtanemi are mentioned in Rigveda.
• The twenty-fourth Tirthankara was Vardhamana Mahavira.
• Buddhism:
• Buddhism, religion, and philosophy developed from the teachings of the Buddha (Sanskrit: “Awakened One”), a teacher who lived in northern India between the mid-6^th and mid-4^th centuries BC.
• Buddha was born in 563 BC in a Shakya Kshatriya family in Lumbini near Kapilavastu (Nepal).
• Buddha got  Enlightenment at the age of 35 at Bodh Gaya under the pipal tree on the bank of river Niranjana​.
• Four important events in the life of Buddha were Mahabhimisikram, Nirvana, Chakra Pravarthan, and Mahaparinirvana.

The correct answer is Paraffin wax.

Key Points

• Paraffin wax (or petroleum wax) is a soft colourless solid derived from petroleum, coal, or oil shale that consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing between twenty and forty carbon atoms.
• It is solid at room temperature and begins to melt above approximately 37 °C (99 °F), and its boiling point is above 370 °C (698 °F).
• Common applications for paraffin wax include lubrication, electrical insulation, and candles, dyed paraffin wax can be made into crayons.
• It is distinct from kerosene and other petroleum products that are sometimes called paraffin.

Additional Information

• Paraffin wax is mostly found as a white, odourless, tasteless, waxy solid.
• It is insoluble in water, but soluble in ether, benzene, and certain esters.
• Paraffin is unaffected by the most common chemical reagents but burns readily.

You are in charge of protecting the comedian, so your primary duty would be to take him to safety.

Firing or using a fire alarm could lead to more panic among the people.

So, all other options are eliminated.

The correct answer is option 2.

Shortcut Trick

When Simple Interest is equal, the ratio of Principal parts is inversely proportional to the product of Rate and Time.

Ratio of P₁ : P₂ = 1 / (R₁ × T₁) : 1 / (R₂ × T₂)

⇒ P₁ : P₂ = 1 / (5 × 3) : 1 / (4 × 6) = 1 / 15 : 1 / 24 = 24 : 15 = 8 : 5

Total units = 8 + 5 = 13 units → ₹2,600

Second part (5 units) = (2,600 ÷ 13) × 5 = 200 × 5 = ₹1,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹1,000.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total Sum = ₹2,600

For first part: Time (T₁) = 3 years, Rate (R₁) = 5%

For second part: Time (T₂) = 6 years, Rate (R₂) = 4%

Formula Used:

Simple Interest (SI) = (Principal × Rate × Time) ÷ 100

Calculations:

Let the two parts be P₁ and P₂.

⇒ (P₁ × 5 × 3) ÷ 100 = (P₂ × 4 × 6) ÷ 100

⇒ 15 × P₁ = 24 × P₂

⇒ P₁ ÷ P₂ = 24 ÷ 15

⇒ P₁ : P₂ = 8 : 5

⇒ Sum of ratio = 8 + 5 = 13 units

⇒ 13 units = ₹2,600

⇒ 1 unit = 2,600 ÷ 13 = ₹200

⇒ Second part (P₂) = 5 units = 5 × 200 = ₹1,000

∴ The correct answer is ₹1,000.

Additional Information

Ratio of Principal when Simple Interest is Equal

If a sum is divided into 'n' parts such that SI on each part is equal, then P₁ : P₂ : ... : P_n = (1/R₁T₁) : (1/R₂T₂) : ... : (1/R_nT_n).

Ratio of Principal when Amount is Equal

If a sum is divided into parts such that the Amount (Principal + SI) after specified periods is equal, then P₁ : P₂ = [1/(100 + R₁T₁)] : [1/(100 + R₂T₂)].

Basic SI Relation

Simple Interest is always calculated on the original Principal amount, unlike Compound Interest which is calculated on the accumulated amount.

The correct answer is Pink bread mold.

Key Points

• A fungus of the group ascomycetes.
• It is haploid and grows as a mycelium.
• There are two mating types and the fusion of nuclei of two opposite types leads to meiosis followed by mitosis.
• Eating moldy bread could make you sick, and if have a mold allergy, then inhaling spores may cause problems while breathing.

Additional Information

• Rhizopus stolonifer is commonly known as black bread mold.
• A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source.
• Green mold is an umbrella term that refers to different species of fungi that grow in shades of green.

She is now 3 km in south direction away from Home.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of shares A : B : C : D = 7 : 5 : 4 : 2

Difference between C and D in ratio units = 4 − 2 = 2 units.

Given, 2 units = Rs 500 ⇒ 1 unit = Rs 250.

Share of B = 5 units = 5 × 250 = Rs 1250.

∴ The correct answer is Rs 1250.

Alternate Method

Given: Ratio of shares = 7 : 5 : 4 : 2 and C gets Rs 500 more than D.

Let the shares of A, B, C, and D be 7x, 5x, 4x, and 2x respectively.

According to the question:

⇒ Share of C − Share of D = 500

⇒ 4x − 2x = 500

⇒ 2x = 500

⇒ x = 500 ÷ 2

⇒ x = 250

Now, we need to find the share of B:

⇒ Share of B = 5x

⇒ Share of B = 5 × 250

⇒ Share of B = 1250

∴ The correct answer is Rs 1250.

Additional Information

Ratio and Proportion

A ratio compares two quantities of the same unit. If a : b = c : d, then they are in proportion, and product of extremes (a×d) = product of means (b×c).

Mean Proportional

The mean proportional between two numbers a and b is calculated as x = √(a × b).

Compound Ratio

For ratios (a : b) and (c : d), the compound ratio is (a × c) : (b × d).

Invertendo and Alternendo

If a/b = c/d, then b/a = d/c (Invertendo) and a/c = b/d (Alternendo).

The correct answer is 1971.

Key Points

• On the night of 25^th March 1971 Bangladesh get independence from Pakistan.
• Bangladesh Liberation War 
• The Bangladesh Liberation War was a revolution and armed conflict sparked by the rise of the Bengali nationalist and self-determination movement in what was then East Pakistan during the 1971 Bangladesh genocide.
• The war began the Pakistani military junta based in West Pakistan launched Operation Searchlight against the people of East Pakistan on the night of 25 March 1971.
• The language Movement was started in 1948 meant to assert the rights of the Bengali-speaking population of Pakistan and also for the equal status of Bengali with Urdu, which alone was declared as Pakistan's federal language.
• After the general elections in Pakistan in 1970, Mujibur Rahman's Awami League won a clear majority. But the military in Pakistan was opposed to him becoming the country's supremo.
• The military government of Yahya Khan was unwilling to give up power to Mujib Bengali nationalism was on the rise.
• On the night of 25^th March 1971, the Pakistani army started the now-infamous "Operation Searchlight" in which they killed students, intellectuals, and civilians in Bangladesh. Thousands of Bengali women were raped by the Pakistani army. The idea was to brutally crush the Bengali resistance.
• It commemorates the country's declaration of independence from Pakistan in the early hours of 26 March 1971 by the leader of the Nation Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.

The logic followed here is :-

Hence, the correct answer is "70".

Given

Principal = Rs. 23,250

Time = 4 years

Rate = 4% per annum

Formula used

Simple interest = (P × r × t)/100

Where p, r and t are principal, rate and time respectively.

Amount = Principal + Simple interest

Calculation

Simple interest = (23,250 × 4 × 4)/100

⇒ 3720

Amount = 23,250 + 3720

⇒ 26,970

∴ Amount is Rs. 26,970

The correct answer is Gwalior.

Key Points

• The Jai Vilas Mahal, also known as the Jai Vilas Palace, is located in Gwalior.
• It was established in 1874 by Maharajadhiraj Shrimant Jayajirao Scindia, the Maharaja of Gwalior, Ujjain.

Additional Information

BODMAS Rule:

Lets check each option:

1) =, ×, –, +

By replacing * with mathematical signs, we get:

⇒ 48 = 12 × 625 - 25 + 21

⇒ 48 = 7500 - 25 + 21 

⇒ 48 = 7521 - 25

⇒ 48 ≠ 7496

2) =, ×, ×, ×

By replacing * with mathematical signs, we get:

⇒ 48 = 12 × 625 × 25 × 21

⇒ 48 ≠ 3937500

3) ÷, +, =, +

By replacing * with mathematical signs, we get:

⇒ 48 ÷ 12 + 625 = 25 + 21

⇒ 4 + 625 = 25 + 21

⇒ 629 ≠ 46 

4) ÷, =, ÷, –

By replacing * with mathematical signs, we get:

⇒ 48 ÷ 12 = 625 ÷ 25 - 21

⇒ 4 = 25 - 21

⇒ 4 = 4 

Hence, 'option 4' is the correct answer.

Calculation:

Let the incomes of P and Q be Rs. ‘4x’ and Rs. ‘7x’ respectively

Let the expenditures of P and Q be Rs. ‘3y’ and Rs. ‘7y’ respectively

Now, Savings = Income – Expenditure

⇒ Savings of P = 4x –3y = 10000      ----(1)

⇒ Savings of Q = 7x – 7y = 7000

⇒ x – y = 1000

⇒ y = x – 1000

Substituting in (1),

⇒ 4x – 3(x – 1000) = 10000

⇒ 4x – 3x + 3000 = 10000

⇒ x = 10000 – 3000 = 7000

∴ Income of P = 4x = 4(7000) = Rs. 28000

The correct answer is Tanvi Shah.

• Tanvi Shah is the first female from India to win a Grammy award.​

Important Points

• Tanvi Shah, hailing from Tamil Nadu, was born on 1 December 1985.
• She has sung in Telugu, Tamil, Hindi, Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic.
• He shared the Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media with AR Rahman and Gulzar at the 52^nd Grammy Awards for the song Jai Ho for writing Spanish lyrics for the song.
• Other Awards: BMI Award in 2009, World Sound Track Award (2009).
• The Grammy Award is an award presented by the US Recording Academy to recognize the "outstanding achievement in the music industry" of the United States.
• The trophy shows a gilded gramophone.
• The Grammys are the first big three network major music awards to be held annually.

• The number of routes by sea or road is not sufficient to determine the faster mode of transport between Muscat and Mumbai.

 Therefore, statement 1 alone is not sufficient.

• Reaching quickly from Mumbai to Muscat does not necessarily make the travel less expensive.

Therefore, statement 2 alone is not sufficient.

• When statements 1 and 2 are combined together, we cannot compare the expense of travelling via sea or road as neither statement offers any information to conclude this.

Hence, "option 1" is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Age ratio (Father : Akash) 1 year ago = 9 : 1 (Difference = 8 units)

Age ratio 3 years later = 5 : 1 (Difference = 4 units)

Equalize difference: 1 year ago = 9 : 1 | 3 years later = 10 : 2 (Difference = 8 units)

Growth of 1 unit (2 − 1) = 4 years (Total time gap)

Akash's age 1 year ago = 1 × 4 = 4 years

Akash's age next year = 4 + 1 (Present) + 1 (Next year) = 6 years

∴ The correct answer is 6 years.

Alternate Method

Given: Ratio 1 year ago was 9 :

1. Ratio 3 years hence will be 5 :
2. Let Akash's age 1 year ago be x and Father's age be 9x.

⇒ Present ages: Akash = x + 1, Father = 9x + 1

⇒ Ages after 3 years: Akash = x + 1 + 3 = x + 4, Father = 9x + 1 + 3 = 9x + 4

⇒ According to question: 9x + 4 = 5 × (x + 4)

⇒ 9x + 4 = 5x + 20

⇒ 4x = 16 ⇒ x = 4

⇒ Akash's present age = 4 + 1 = 5 years

⇒ Akash's age next year = 5 + 1 = 6 years

∴ The correct answer is 6 years.

Additional Information

Concept of Age Difference

The difference between the ages of two people remains constant regardless of the number of years passed or gone by.

Ratio Balancing Method

To solve age problems quickly, multiply ratio terms to make the numerical difference between the ratio parts equal to the actual time difference.

Successive Age Changes

If present age is P, then age 'n' years ago is P − n and age 'n' years hence is P + n.

The correct answer is 1994.

• In India, the service tax was introduced for the first time in 1994.

Key Points

• Service tax is imposed on the services provided to the customers.
• It was introduced in India for the first time in the year 1994.
• It was introduced on the recommendations of Dr. Raja Chelliah Committee on tax reforms.
• It is an indirect tax, which means, the burden of tax can be shifted to other people.
• Initially, the service tax was introduced on 3 services only:
• Telephone Services,
• Non-Life Insurance Services
• Stock Brokers’ Services

The logic followed here is:

According to the statement,

1^st January is Sunday.

Total number of days from 1^st January to the 2^nd February = 32

Total number of odd days 

\( = \dfrac{32}{7}\)

\(=4\) odd days

So, Sunday + 4 = Thursday

Hence, the correct answer is "Thursday".

Given:

In an election 10% of people did not cast any vote. A and B received equal number of votes. Later on 350 of the people who casted their vote to A withdrew and their votes were counted as not counted. As a result, the winner got 29,250.

Concept used:

Percentage increase/ decrease = (new - actual)/actual × 100%

Calculation:

Let total population be 100x

10% did not cast any vote so, total votes = 100x - 10x = 90x

A and B equal number of votes, so, A's votes = B's vote  = 45x

Winner B's vote = 45x = 29250

350 voters withdrew their votes which is given to A, so,

 A got = 45x – 350

The winner got 29250 votes

45x = 29250

⇒ x = 650

Total population = 100 × 650 = 65000

∴ The total population is 65000.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key PointsPM Shram Yogi Maan-Dhan Scheme:

• The pension scheme was launched in 2019.
• It allows unorganised sector workers between the age of 18 and 40, who earn up to Rs. 15,000 a month, to enrol by paying a premium amount between Rs. 55 and Rs. 200, depending on the age, that would be matched by the government. Hence option 3 is correct.
• On reaching the age of 60, the beneficiaries would get Rs. 3,000 monthly pensions.
• The Union Labour and Employment Ministry launched the “donate a pension” scheme allowing any citizen to pay the premium amount on behalf of an unorganised worker under the Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-Dhan Scheme.
• The “Donate a pension” scheme allows a citizen to donate the premium contribution of their immediate support staff such as domestic workers, drivers, helpers, caregivers, and nurses, in their household or establishment.
• The donor can pay the contribution for a minimum of one year, with the amount ranging from Rs. 660 to Rs. 2,400 a year, depending on the age of the beneficiary.

Statements:

All planks are woods.

Some woods are glasses.

Possible Venn diagram:

Conclusions:

I. Some planks are glasses → Does not follow → (As all planks are woods and some glasses are woods so, some planks are glasses is possibility but not definite true)

II. All planks are glasses → Does not follow → (As all planks are woods and some glasses are woods so all planks are glasses is a possibility but not definite true.)

Neither conclusion I nor II follows.

Hence, 'option 1' is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of B profit to Total profit = 600 : 2000 = 3 : 10

Since the time period for both is same, Profit Ratio = Investment Ratio

B investment share = 3/10 of the total investment

B investment = (3 ÷ 10) × 15,000 = 4,500

∴ The correct answer is 4,500.

Alternate Method

Given:

Total investment (A + B) = ₹15,000

Total profit at the end of the year = ₹2,000

B profit share = ₹600

Formula: Profit Ratio = (Investment₁ × Time₁) : (Investment₂ × Time₂)

A Profit: 1400

B Profit: 600

Total Investment = 15,000 (10 units)
B's Investment Ratio = 3 / 10

⇒ A profit = Total profit − B profit = 2000 − 600 = 1400

⇒ Profit Ratio (A : B) = 1400 : 600 = 7 : 3

⇒ Since time is equal (1 year each), Investment Ratio (A : B) = Profit Ratio = 7 : 3

⇒ Total investment units = 7 + 3 = 10 units

⇒ 10 units = 15,000

⇒ 1 unit = 15,000 ÷ 10 = 1,500

⇒ B investment = 3 units = 3 × 1,500 = 4,500

∴ The correct answer is 4,500.

Additional Information

Basic Partnership Rule

When the time period of investment is the same for all partners, the profit is distributed directly in the ratio of their capitals: P₁ : P₂ = C₁ : C₂.

Compound Partnership

When partners invest for different time periods, the profit ratio is calculated as the product of capital and time: P₁ : P₂ = C₁T₁ : C₂T₂.

Working vs Sleeping Partner

A working partner manages the business and may receive a fixed percentage of profit as salary before the remaining profit is divided based on investment ratios.

The correct answer is The Hague.

Key Points

• The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations.
• The International Court of Justice was created with an aim to settle the disputes between states in accordance with international law and gives advisory opinions on international legal issues.
• It was established in June 1945
• It is the successor of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ).
• As of 2024 August, Nawaf Salam is the current President of the International Court of Justice.

Additional Information

• The headquarters of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) is located in Paris.
• The headquarters of the International Monetary Fund(IMF) is located in Washington, D.C.
• The headquarters of the United Nations is located in New York City.

From the fact that border issues are easily solvable, the possibility of border issues cannot be resolved is ruled out. So, assumption I is not implicit.

As the border issues are easily solvable there is the possibility of border peace between the two countries. So, assumption II is implicit

Hence, Only assumption II is implicit.

Given data:

Discount (d₁) = 10%

Discount (d2) = 20%

Discount (d3) = 25%

Formula Used:

Effective discount = d₁ + d₂ - \(d_1 × d_2 \over 100\)

Where “d₁” and “d₂” are successive discounts offered.

Calculation:

Effective discount = 10 + 20 - \(10 × 20 \over 100\) = 30 - 2 = 28

Final discount = 28 + 25 - \(25 × 28\over 100\) = 53 - 7 = 46

∴ The final effective discount is 46%.

Alternate Method Let the initial price be 100.

Price after 1^st discount = 100 - 10 = Rs 90

Price after 2^nd discount = 90 - \(20 \over 100\) × 90 = 90 - 18 = 72

Price after 3^rd discount = 72 - \(25 \over 100\) × 72 = 72 - 18 = 54

Effective discount = 100 - 54 = 46%

∴ The effective discount is 46%.

The correct answer is Forest.

Key Points

• The Concurrent List in the Indian Constitution includes subjects on which both the central and state governments can legislate.
• Forests are included in the Concurrent List, allowing both the central and state governments to make laws regarding their management and conservation.
• This inclusion helps ensure a unified approach to forest conservation across the country while allowing states to address local issues.
• Other subjects in the Concurrent List include criminal law, marriage and divorce, bankruptcy and insolvency, and education.

Additional Information

• Union List:
• It comprises subjects on which only the central government can legislate.
• Examples include defence, foreign affairs, atomic energy, and banking.
• State List:
• It includes subjects on which only state governments can legislate.
• Examples include police, public health, agriculture, and fisheries.
• Concurrent List:
• This list contains subjects on which both the central and state governments can legislate.
• In case of a conflict between central and state laws, the central law prevails.
• Seventh Schedule:
• The division of powers between the central and state governments is outlined in the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution.
• It consists of three lists: Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.

The pattern followed here is,

1. RSTU

R(18) + 1 = S(19); T(20) + 1 = U(21)

2. ADGJ

A(1) + 3 = D(4); G(7) + 3 = J(10)

3. JNQS

J(10) + 4 = N(14); Q(17) + 4 = U(21) ≠ S(19)

4. TVXZ

T(20) + 2 = V(22); X(24) + 2 + Z(26)

Hence, ‘JNQS’ is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

When two objects move in opposite directions, their relative speed is the sum of their individual speeds.

Relative Speed = Speed 1 + Speed 2

Relative Speed = 105 + 120 = 225 km/hr

∴ The correct answer is 225 km/hr.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed of Train 1 (S₁) = 105 km/hr

Speed of Train 2 (S₂) = 120 km/hr

Formula: Relative Speed = S₁ + S₂ (since they move in opposite directions)

Train 1

105 km/hr

Train 2

120 km/hr

Relative Speed = 105 + 120 = 225 km/hr

Calculations:

⇒ Relative Speed = S₁ + S₂

⇒ Relative Speed = 105 + 120

⇒ Relative Speed = 225 km/hr

∴ The correct answer is 225 km/hr.

Additional Information

Same Direction Relative Speed

When two objects move in the same direction, relative speed is the difference: S = |S₁ − S₂|.

Unit Conversion

To convert speed from km/hr to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/hr, multiply by 18/5.

Average Speed Formula

If a certain distance is covered at S₁ and the same distance is covered at S₂, Average Speed = (2 × S₁ × S₂) ÷ (S₁ + S₂).

The correct answer is Colonel M B Ravindranath.

Key Points

• The book 'Kargil War: The Turning Point' was authored by Vir Chakra awardee, the late Colonel M B Ravindranath.
• Colonel M B Ravindranath was the commanding officer of the 2^nd battalion of Rajputana Rifles during the Kargil War.
• The book provides insights into the operations of his battalion from May to July of 1999 during Operation Vijay.
• The book was released by Arunachal Pradesh Governor Lt General (Retd) K T Parnaik at Cariappa Hall at Rajendra Singhji Army Officers Institute in Bengaluru.

Important Points

• The Kargil War, also known as Operation Vijay, took place between May and July 1999.
• The book highlights the strategic and tactical operations carried out by the 2^nd battalion of Rajputana Rifles.
• Colonel M B Ravindranath's leadership during the Kargil War earned him the Vir Chakra award.
• The book serves as a valuable historical account of the Kargil War from the perspective of a commanding officer on the ground.

Additional Information

• Lt General (Retd) K T Parnaik: Incorrect option; he released the book but did not author it.
• Major General (Retd) G D Bakshi: Incorrect option; he is not the author of this book.
• Brigadier (Retd) S K Sinha: Incorrect option; he is not the author of this book.

The logic followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, 'CPNCBZ' is the correct answer.

Let total journey be ‘x’ km.

A man performs 2/15 of the total journey by train. 2/20 by bus and the remaining 10 km on foot.

\(\begin{array}{l} \therefore \frac{2}{{15}}x + \frac{2}{{20}}x + 10 = x\\ \Rightarrow x - \frac{2}{{15}}x - \frac{2}{{20}}x = 10\\ \Rightarrow \frac{{60x - 8x - 6x}}{{60}} = 10\\ \Rightarrow \frac{{46x}}{{60}} = 10 \end{array}\)

⇒ x = 13.04 km

The correct answer is Satyendra Prasad Sinha.

Important Points

• The Indian Councils Act 1909 allowed the Governor-General to nominate one Indian member to the Executive Council, leading to the election of the first Indian member, Satyendra Prasanna Sinha.
• Lord Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1^st Baron Sinha, was a prominent lawyer and statesman in British India.
• He was the first Governor of Bihar and Orissa, the first Indian Advocate-General of Bengal, the first Indian to join the Executive Council of the Viceroy, and the first Indian to join the British Ministry.
• Sinha established a successful law practice in Calcutta after returning to India in 1886.
• Sinha became Standing Counsel to the Government of India in 1903, overriding the English Barrister's claims.
• He was the first Indian to be appointed in 1905 as Bengal's Advocate-General, a post confirmed in 1908.
• He was knighted on 1 January 1915 in the New Year Honours.
• At the Bombay session of Congress, Sinha was elected President of the Indian National Congress in 1915.

Satyendra Prasad Sinha

By using the following symbols in the table given below, we can draw the following family tree:

Given

Statement:

Pointing towards Sita, Nikhil said, "I am the only son of her mother's son".

→ Nikhil said that he is the only son of Sita's mother's son.

Clearly, the Sita is the Aunt of the Nikhil.

Hence, the correct answer is "Aunt".

Shortcut Trick

Total sum of P, Q and R = 150 × 3 = 450 cms

Sum of P and Q = 150 × 2 = 300 cms

Sum of Q and R = 155 × 2 = 310 cms

Height of Q = (Sum of P&Q) + (Sum of Q&R) − (Sum of P, Q & R)

Height of Q = 300 + 310 − 450 = 160 cms

∴ The correct answer is 160 cms.

Alternate Method

Given:

Average height of P, Q, and R = 150 cms

Average height of P and Q = 150 cms

Average height of Q and R = 155 cms

Formula Used:

Total Sum = Average × Number of observations

⇒ Sum (P + Q + R) = 150 × 3 = 450 cms --- (i)

⇒ Sum (P + Q) = 150 × 2 = 300 cms --- (ii)

⇒ Sum (Q + R) = 155 × 2 = 310 cms --- (iii)

⇒ Adding (ii) and (iii): P + 2Q + R = 300 + 310 = 610 cms

⇒ (P + Q + R) + Q = 610 cms

⇒ Substituting (i) in the above equation:

⇒ 450 + Q = 610

⇒ Q = 610 − 450

⇒ Q = 160 cms

∴ The correct answer is 160 cms.

Additional Information

Fundamental Average Formula

The average of n observations is the ratio of the sum of observations to the total number of observations: Average = Sum ÷ n.

Finding a Common Element

When a group is divided into two overlapping subgroups, the common element is calculated as: Common Value = (Sum of Subgroup 1 + Sum of Subgroup 2) − Total Sum.

Effect of Constant Addition

If a constant value k is added to every observation in a set, the new average will also increase by k.

The correct answer is Renewable.

Key Points

Conventional sources of energy

• The energy sources that are present in limited amounts in nature are known as conventional sources of energy.
• These sources once exhausted cannot be renewed, hence also known as non-renewable energy sources.
• Conventional sources of energy examples are coal, fossil fuels, petroleum, and others.

Non-conventional sources of energy

• The energy sources present in abundance within the earth’s atmosphere are known as non-conventional sources of energy.
• These sources can be renewed if exhausted, hence also known as renewable energy sources.
• Examples of non-conventional sources of energy include solar energy, bioenergy, tidal energy, and wind energy.

Thus, the correct answer is option 3.

Given :

Priyam is 9 years younger than Pritam

Five years ago Priyam's four times age was equal to Pritam's three times age

Calculations :

Let the age of Pritam be 'P' 

So the age of Priyam will be 'P - 9'

Pritam's age 5 years ago 'P - 5'

Priyam's age 5 years ago 'P- 14' years 

According to the question

4 × (P - 14) = 3 × (P - 5) 

⇒ P = 41 years 

Age of Priyam = P - 9

⇒ 41 - 9 = 32 

∴ The present age of the Priyam is 32 years

The correct answer is Gobind Behari Lal.

Key Points

• The first Indian to win a Pulitzer Prize was Gobind Behari Lal, a journalist in the year 1937.
• Jhumpa Lahiri, Geeta Anand, Siddhartha Mukherjee have also won Pulitzer awards for a novel, journalism, Biography in medicine.

Additional Information

• Pulitzer Prize 
• It is one of the prestigious awards in the United States given for its achievements in the field of Online Journalism and newspaper, literature, and musical composition.
• The Pulitzer Prize was established in the year 1917 and named after the American publisher Joseph Pulitzer.
• Presented by: Columbia University​

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Note: Letters at odd position are moved one step forward and letters at even position are replaced by their opposite letters.

Similarly,

Hence, ‘ILTKJGBO’ is the correct answer.